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Ver. 24.12
December 15th, 2024

450.0000 Family Asteraceae Dumort.; Comment. Bot. 55 (1822)
1620 genera, ca. 29.000 spp. (35.000 spp. incl. microspecies). Systematics taken mostly from Funk et al. (2009, 2020) and other recent publications. Barnadesioideae might be its own family, related to Calyceraceae.
Species listed in database: 35163; hybrids: 686
= Acarnaceae Link; (1829)
= Ambrosiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 254 (1820), nom. cons.
= Anthemidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Aposeridaceae Raf.; New Fl. N. Amer. 4: 106 (1838)
= Arctotaceae Bessey; Nebraska Univ. Stud. 14: 107 (1914)
= Arctotidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Artemisiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 48 (1820)
= Athanasiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 56 (1820)
= Calendulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Carduaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Carlinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Centaureaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Cichoriaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. 168 (1789), nom. cons.
= Cnicaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 297 (1818)
= Compositae Giseke; Prael. Ord. Nat. Pl. 538 (1792), nom. cons.
= Coreopsidaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 768 (1829)
= Cynaraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. 926, 931, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Echinopaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Eupatoriaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 253 (1820)
= Gnaphaliaceae Link ex F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 46 (1830)
= Grindeliaceae Rchb. ex A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 330 (1907)
= Heleniaceae Raf.; Cincinnati Lit. Gaz. 2: 28 (1824)
= Helianthaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Helichrysaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 712 (1829)
= Inulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Ivaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 1: 31 (1837)
= Lactucaceae Drude; J. A. Schenk, Handb. Bot. 3(2): 369 (1886)
= Lapsanaceae Martinov; (1820)
= Madiaceae A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 332 (1907)
= Matricariaceae Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 400 (1845)
= Mutisiaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. 934, 935, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Nassauviaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 290 (1836)
= Partheniaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 816 (1829)
= Perdiciaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 728 (1829)
= Picridaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 482 (1820)
= Santolinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 560 (1820)
= Senecionaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Serratulaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 577 (1820)
= Tanacetaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Tussilagaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Vernoniaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 296 (1836)
= Xanthiaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Xeranthemaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. 498 (1843)
450.9539 Genus Tithonia Desf. ex Juss.; Gen. 189 (1789), et in Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 1: (1802) 49, t. 4
Distribution: SW-USA (3), Mexico, C-America (1), West Indies
Species listed in database: 12
= Mirasolia Sch.Bip. ex Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. Pl. 2: 367 (1873)
= Urbanisol Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 370 (1891), nom. superfl.
species :
Tithonia brachypappa B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 27: 174 (1893)
Distribution: Mexico (San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)
79 MEX
species :
Tithonia calva Sch.Bip.; Seem. Bot. Voy. Herald, 305 (1856)
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Sonora, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnolomia calva (Sch.Bip.) A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: (1883) 5
= Mirasolia calva (Sch.Bip.) Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. 2: 368 (1873)
variant :
var. auriculata (Brandegee) La Duke; Rhodora 84(840): 509 (1982)
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Sonora)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnolomia auriculata Brandegee; Zoe 5: 223 (1905)
= Tithonia auriculata (Brandegee) S.F.Blake; Contr. Gray Herb., n. s. 54: 9 (1918)
variant :
var. lancifolia (B.L.Rob. & Greenm.) McVaugh; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 9(4): 443 (1972)
Distribution: Mexico (Sinaloa, Veracruz, Nayarit, etc.)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnolomia calva var. lancifolia B.L.Rob. & Greenm.; Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 29: 103 (1899)
species :
Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: (1883) 5
Name: Girasol mejicano, Girasol pequeiio, Mirasol mejicano, Mirasol pequeilo (ES); Mexican sunflower (EN); Mexikanische Sonnenblume (DE); Fleur Soleil (Trinidad & Tobago)
Distribution: Canary Isl. [I] (Tenerife [I], La Palma Isl. [I]); Guinea [I]; Togo [I]; Benin [I]; Cameroon [I]; São Tomé [I]; Gabon [I]; Central African Republic [I]; Chad [I]; Ethiopia [I]; Angola [I]; Zambia [I]; Zambia [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; Mozambique [I]; South Africa [I] (Limpopo [I], KwaZulu-Natal [I]); Eswatini [Swaziland] [I]; Ascension Isl. [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Agalega Isl. [I]; Seychelles [I]; China [I] (Guangdong [I], Hongkong [I], Yunnan [I]); Taiwan [I]; Pakistan [I]; Nepal [I]; India [I] (Darjeeling [I], Uttar Pradesh [I], Meghalaya [I], Tamil Nadu [I]); Maldives [I]; Sri Lanka [I]; Andaman Isl. [I]; Nicobar Isl. [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Laos [I]; Vietnam [I]; Sulawesi [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Lesser Sunda Isl. [I] (Bali [I]); Christmas Isl. [Austr.] [I]; New Guinea [I]; Australia [I] (Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; [Western] Samoa [I] (´Upolu [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I], Mangaia [I], Aitutaki [I], Ngaputoru Group [I]); Marquesas Isl. [I] (Nuku Hiva [I], Ua Pou [I], Hiva Oa [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I], Moorea [I], Raiatea [I]); Tuamotu Arch. [I] (Makatea Isl. [I]); Austral Isl. [I] (Tubuai [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Ifalik [I], Pohnpei [I]); Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); USA [I] (Florida [I], Texas [I]); Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, México State, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Tabasco, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Bahamas [I]; Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Hispaniola [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (Tortola [I]); St. Kitts [I]; Antigua [I]; Montserrat [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Dominica [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Lucia [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Grenada [I]; Barbados [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Brazil [I]
21 cny 22 ben gui tog 23 caf cmn gab sao 24 cha eth 26 ang moz zam zim 27 saf swz 28 asc 29 aga mau reu sey 36 chi 38 tai 40 ind mdv nep pak srl 41 and lao mya ncb tha vie 42 jaw lsi nwg phi sul xms 50 aus 60 fij nue sam 61 aui coo mrq sci tua 62 gum mic 63 haw 77 usa 78 usa 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 aba bah bbd cub dom gdl gre his jam mar mts pue stk stl stv trt vir 82 clm ven 84 bra
Synonyms: hidden
= Helianthus quinquelobus Sessé & Moc.; Fl. Mexic. 193 (1894)
= Mirasolia diversifolia Hemsl.; Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 2: 168, t. 47 (1881)
= Tithonia diversifolia subsp. glabriuscula S.F.Blake; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 20: 435 (1921)
= Urbanisol tagetiflorus var. diversifolius (Hemsl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 371 (1891)
species :
Tithonia fruticosa Canby & Rose; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 1: (1891) 104 t. 5
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Sinaloa, Sonora)
79 MEX
species :
Tithonia hondurensis La Duke; Rhodora 84(837): 139 (1982)
Distribution: Belize; Honduras
80 BLZ HON
species :
Tithonia koelzii McVaugh; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 9(4): 443 (1972)
Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Jalisco)
79 MEX
species :
Tithonia longiradiata (Bertol.) S.F.Blake; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 53: 217 (1926)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Veracruz); Guatemala; Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama
79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnolomia decurrens Klatt; Leopoldina, Heft 23: 90 (1887)
= Gymnolomia pittieri Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 39: 101 (1903)
= Gymnolomia platylepis A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: (1883) 5
= Gymnolomia scaberrima (Benth.) Greenm.; Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 268 (1907)
= Helianthus longiradiatus Bertol.; Novi Comment. Acad. Sci. Inst. Bononiensis [Fl. Guatim.] 4: 436 (1840)
= Mirasolia scaberrima (Benth.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Hemsl.; Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 2: 168 (1881)
= Perymeniopsis perfoliata Sch.Bip.; Leopoldina, Heft 23: 90 (1887)
= Tithonia glaberrima Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 371 (1891), sphalm.
= Tithonia pittieri (Greenm.) S.F.Blake; Contr. Gray Herb., n. s. 54: 9 (1918)
= Tithonia platylepis Sch.Bip. ex Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. 2: 368 (1873), nom. illeg.
= Tithonia scaberrima Benth. ex Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 91 (1852)
species :
Tithonia paneroi (B.L.Turner) E.E.Schill. & Panero; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 167(3): 325 (2011)
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Viguiera paneroi B.L.Turner; Phytologia 89(3): 353 (2007)
species :
Tithonia pedunculata Cronquist; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 12(3): 286 (1965)
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)
79 MEX
species :
Tithonia rotundifolia (Mill.) S.F.Blake; Contr. Gray Herb., n. s. 52: 41 (1917)
Name: Rundblättrige Tithonie (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Sudan [I]; Zambia [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; Mozambique [I]; Namibia [I]; Botswana [I]; South Africa [I] (widespread); Eswatini [Swaziland] [I]; South Korea [I]; Pakistan [I]; Nepal [I]; Bhutan [I]; India [I] (throughout); Bangladesh [I]; Andaman Isl. [I]; Nicobar Isl. [I]; Myanmar [I]; Vietnam [I]; Java [I]; Australia [I] (Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Northern Territory [I]); Fiji [I]; USA [I] (Florida [I], Louisiana [I]); Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Coahuila, Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, México State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Quintana Roo, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba [I]; Hispaniola [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Saba [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Lucia [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia (Cauca, Valle); Venezuela (Aragua, Carabobo, Dependencias Federales, Merida, Miranda, Sucre); Peru; Brazil [I]; Argentina [I]
11 ger 24 sud 26 moz zam zim 27 bot nam saf swz 38 kor 40 ban bhu ind nep pak 41 and mya ncb vie 42 jaw 50 aus 60 fij 78 usa 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 cub gdl his mar pue sab stl trt 82 CLM VEN 83 PER 84 bra 85 arg
Synonyms: hidden
= Helianthus speciosus Hook.; Bot. Mag. 61: 3295 (1836)
= Leighia speciosa (Hook.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 5: 583 (1836)
= Tagetes rotundifolia Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8, no. 4 (1768)
= Tithonia aristata Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 114 (1852)
= Tithonia heterophylla Griseb.; Bonplandia (Hannover) 6: (1858) 9
= Tithonia macrophylla S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 26: 140 (1891)
= Tithonia speciosa (Hook.) Hook. ex Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 155 (1866)
= Tithonia tagetiflora Desf.; Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 1: (1802) 46, t. 4
= Tithonia uniflora J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat., ed. 13[bis] 2: 1259 (1792)
= Tithonia vilmoriniana Pamp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. It., 133 (1908)
= Urbanisol aristatus (Oerst.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 371 (1891)
= Urbanisol heterophyllus (Griseb.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 371 (1891)
= Urbanisol tagetiflorus (Desf.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 370 (1891)
= Urbanisol tagetiflorus var. speciosus Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 370 (1891)
= Verbesina szyszylowiczii (Kuntze) Hieron.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 36: 492 (1905)
species :
Tithonia thurberi A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 655 (1873)
Name: Arizona sunflowerweed
Distribution: USA (Arizona); Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora, Baja California Sur)
76 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithonia palmeri Rose; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 1: 104 (1891)
= Urbanisol thurberi (A.Gray) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 371 (1891)
species :
Tithonia tubaeformis (Jacq.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 54: 456 (1825)
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Bahamas [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Argentina [I]
79 MEX 80 BLZ ELS GUA HON 81 bah his 85 arg
Synonyms: hidden
= Helianthus tubaeformis Jacq.; Pl. Hort. Schoenbr. 3: 65 (1798)
= Tithonia helianthoides Weinm. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 689 (1841)
= Tithonia tubaeformis var. bourgaeana Pamp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1908: 134 (1908)
= Urbanisol tubaeformis (Jacq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 371 (1891)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 24.12 (December 15th, 2024)

Covering 355,703 accepted species,
8,716 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,001,068 synonyms,
in total 1,413,410* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life