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Ver. 25.03
Mar. 6th, 2025

134.0000 Family Orchidaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 64 (1789), nom. cons.
over 800 genera, more than 30.000 spp. worldwide, mostly tropical
Species listed in database: 30538; hybrids: 1461
= Apostasiaceae Lindl.; Nix. Pl. 22 (1833), nom. cons.
= Cypripediaceae Lindl.; Nix. Pl. 22 (1833)
= Limodoraceae Horan.; Char. Ess. Fam. 44 (1847)
= Liparidaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 567 (1895)
= Neottiaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 50 (1834)
= Neuwiediaceae R.Dahlgren ex Reveal & Hoogland; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia, Sér. 4, 13: 91 (1991)
= Ophrydaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 566 (1895)
= Pycnanthaceae Ravenna; Onira 12(6): 29 (2011)
= Vanillaceae Lindl.; Key Bot. 73 (1835)
134.6021 Genus Pleione D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 36 (1825)
Distribution: S-Himalaya, S-China, India, Indochina, Taiwan
Species listed in database: 25; hybrids: 8
= Gomphostylis Wall. ex Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 43 (1830)
species :
Pleione albiflora P.J.Cribb & C.Z.Tang; Bot. Mag. 184(3): 117 (1983)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); NE-Myanmar
36 CHI 41 MYA
species :
Pleione arunachalensis Hareesh, P.Kumar & M.Sabu; Phytotaxa 291(4): 294 (2017)
Distribution: India (Arunachal Pradesh)
40 IND
species :
Pleione aurita P.J.Cribb & H.Pfennig; Orchidee (Hamburg) 39: 111 (1988)
Distribution: China (W-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Pleione autumnalis S.C.Chen & G.H.Zhu; Harvard Pap. Bot. 4(2): 429 (1999)
Distribution: China (SW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Pleione bulbocodioides (Franch.) Rolfe; Orchid Rev. 11: 291 (1903)
Distribution: China (Anhui, N-Fujian, S-Gansu, N-Guangdong, N-Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, S-Shaanxi, Sichuan, C- & NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Coelogyne bulbocodioides Franch.; Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 10: 84 (1887 publ. 1888)
= Coelogyne delavayi Rolfe; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 195 (1896)
= Coelogyne henryi Rolfe; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 195 (1896)
= Coelogyne pogonioides Rolfe; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 196 (1896)
= Pleione communis Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 78: 25 (1931)
= Pleione communis var. subobtusum Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 78: 25 (1931)
= Pleione delavayi (Rolfe) Rolfe; Orchid Rev. 11: 291 (1903)
= Pleione fargesii Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 78: 26 (1931)
= Pleione ganchuenensis Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 78: 26 (1931)
= Pleione henryi (Rolfe) Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 4: 186 (1919)
= Pleione mairei Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 4: 61 (1919)
= Pleione pogonioides (Rolfe) Rolfe; Orchid Rev. 11: 291 (1903)
= Pleione rhombilabia Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7: 1348 (1936)
= Pleione smithii Schltr.; Acta Horti Gothob. 1: 149 (1924)
species :
Pleione chunii C.L.Tso; Sunyatsenia 1: 148 (1933)
Distribution: China (N-Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, W-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Pleione hookeriana var. milanii (Braem) Torelli & Riccab.; Caesiana 14: 73 (2000)
= Pleione hookeriana var. sinensis G.Kleinh. ex Torelli & Riccab.; Caesiana 14: 72 (2000)
= Pleione milanii Braem; Orchid. Culture Protect. 38: 23 (1999)
species :
Pleione coronaria P.J.Cribb & C.Z.Tang; Bot. Mag. 184(3): 123 (1983)
Distribution: Nepal
40 NEP
species :
Pleione dilamellata Z.J.Liu, O.Gruss & L.J.Chen; Orchidee (Hamburg) 66(4): 280 (2015), nom. nov.
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Pleione bilamellata Z.J.Liu, O.Gruss & L.J.Chen; Orchidee (Hamburg) 62(5): 372 (2011) non (Lindl.) Kuntze 1891
species :
Pleione formosana Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30: Art. 1, 326 (1911)
Distribution: China (N- & W-Fujian, SE-Jiangxi, S-Zhejiang); Taiwan
36 CHI 38 TAI
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Pleione bulbocodioides var. nivea (Fukuy.) S.S.Ying; Coloured Ill. Indig. Orchids Taiwan 1(2): 494 (1977)
= Pleione formosana f. alba Torelli & Riccab.; Caesiana 14: 55 (2000)
= Pleione formosana f. nivea Fukuy.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 22: 415 (1932)
= Pleione formosana var. nivea (Fukuy.) Masam.; Trop. Hort. 3: 48 (1933)
= Pleione hookeriana f. nivea (Fukuy.) M.Hiroe; Orchid Flowers 274 (1971)
= Pleione hui Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 377 (1924)
= Pleione pricei Rolfe; Bot. Mag. t. 8729 (1917) [descr.]
species :
Pleione forrestii Schltr.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 106 (1912)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Chin, Kachin, Shan, Sagaing)
36 CHI 40 BAN 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Pleione alba H.Li & G.H.Feng; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 6(2): 193 (1984)
= Pleione forrestii f. alba (H.Li & G.H.Feng) Torelli & Riccab.; Caesiana 14: 60 (2000)
= Pleione forrestii var. alba (H.Li & G.H.Feng) P.J.Cribb; Gen. Pleione, ed. 2: 88 (1999)
species :
Pleione grandiflora (Rolfe) Rolfe; Orchid Rev. 11: 291 (1903)
Distribution: China (SE- & SW-Yunnan); India (Uttarakhand); Myanmar; N-Vietnam
36 CHI 40 IND 41 MYA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Coelogyne grandiflora Rolfe; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 36: 22 (1903)
= Pleione barbarae Braem; Orchid. Culture Protect. 38: 20 (1999) [fide Torelli 2000]
= Pleione braemii Pinkep.; Orchid. Culture Protect. 38: 27 (1999) [fide Torelli 2000]
= Pleione harberdii Braem; Orchid. Culture Protect. 38: 21 (1999) [fide Torelli 2000]
= Pleione moelleri Braem; Orchid. Culture Protect. 38: 23 (1999) [fide Torelli 2000]
= Pleione mohrii Braem; Orchid. Culture Protect. 38: 21 (1999) [fide Torelli 2000]
= Pleione pinkepankii Braem & H.Mohr; Orchis 67­68: 124 (1989) [fide Torelli 2000]
species :
Pleione hookeriana (Lindl.) Rollisson; Nursery Cat. (Rollisson) 1875-1876: 39 (1875)
Distribution: China (N-Guangdong, N- & W-Guangxi, SE-Guizhou, SE-Yunnan); S-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Nagaland, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); N-Myanmar; Laos
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 LAO MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Coelogyne hookeriana Lindl.; Fol. Orchid. 5(Coelogyne): 14 (1854)
= Coelogyne hookeriana var. brachyglossa (Rchb.f.) Karthik.; Fl. Ind. Enum. Monocot. [Karthikeyan et al.] 165 (1989)
= Coelogyne hookeriana var. brachyglossa Rchb.f.; Gard. Chron., Ser. 3, 1: 833 (1887)
= Pleione hookeriana (Lindl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 680 (1891), isonym
= Pleione hookeriana (Lindl.) T.Moore; Orch.-Grow. Man., ed. 6: 548 (1885)
= Pleione hookeriana f. alba Torelli & Riccab.; Caesiana 14: 72 (2000)
= Pleione hookeriana var. brachyglossa (Rchb.f.) Rolfe; Orchid Rev. 11: 291 (1903)
= Pleione laotica Kerr; J. Siam Soc., Nat. Hist. Suppl. 9: 235 (1933)
species :
Pleione humilis (Sm.) D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 37 (1825)
Distribution: SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Myanmar (Kachin, Chin)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Coelogyne humilis (Sm.) Lindl.; Coll. Bot. [Lindley] sub t. 37 (1826)
= Coelogyne humilis var. albata Rchb.f.; Gard. Chron., Ser. 3, 3: 392 (1888)
= Coelogyne humilis var. tricolor Rchb.f.; Gard. Chron., n. s. 13: 394 (1880)
= Cymbidium humile (Sm.) Lindl.; Coll. Bot., t. 37 (1826)
= Dendrobium humile (Sm.) Sm.; Cycl. [A.Rees] 11: no. 4 (1808)
= Epidendrum humile Sm.; Exot. Bot. 2: 75 (1806)
= Pleione diantha Schltr.; Orchis 9: 44 (1915)
= Pleione humilis var. adnata Pfitzer; Pflanzenr. [Engler], IV.50, Heft 12 (Orch.-Pleonandr.): 121 (1907)
= Pleione humilis var. amitii R.Pal, Dayamma & Medhi; J. Orchid Soc. India 25(1-2): 73 (2011)
= Pleione humilis var. pulchella E.W.Cooper; Roy. Hort. Soc. Dict. Gard. 3: 1606 (1951)
= Pleione humilis var. purpurascens Pfitzer; Pflanzenr. [Engler], IV.50, Heft 12 (Orch.-Pleonandr.): 122 (1907)
species :
Pleione jinhuana Z.J.Liu, M.T.Jiang & S.R.Lan; Phytotaxa 345(1): 48 (2018)
Distribution: China (Zhejiang)
36 CHI
species :
Pleione kaatiae P.H.Peeters; Richardiana 3(3): 132 (2003)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Pleione limprichtii Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 12: 346 (1922)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, Yunnan); N-Myanmar (Chin)
36 CHI 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Pleione bulbocodioides var. limprichtii (Schltr.) P.J.Cribb; Man. Cult. Orchid Sp. [Bechtel et al.] 372 (1981)
species :
Pleione maculata (Lindl.) Lindl. & Paxton; Paxton´s Fl. Gard. 2: 5, t. 391 (1851)
Distribution: China (W-Yunnan); Nepal; Bhutan; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Chin, Kachin, Yangon); Thailand; Laos; Vietnam
36 CHI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 LAO MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Coelogyne arthuriana Rchb.f.; Gard. Chron., n. s. 15: 40 (1881)
= Coelogyne candida Lindl. ex Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] 54, no. 1964 (1829), nomen
= Coelogyne diphylla (Lindl. & Paxton) Lindl.; Fol. Orchid. 5(Coelogyne): 15 (1854)
= Coelogyne maculata Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 43 (1830)
= Coelogyne maculata var. virginea Rchb.f.; Gard. Chron., n. s. 15: 40 (1881)
= Gomphostylis candida Wall. ex Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 43 (1830)
= Pleione diphylla Lindl. & Paxton; Paxton´s Fl. Gard. 2: 66 (1851)
= Pleione maculata var. arthuriana (Rchb.f.) Rolfe ex Kraenzl.; Pflanzenr. [Engler], IV.50, Heft 12 (Orch.-Pleonandr.): Coelogyninae 128 (1907)
= Pleione maculata var. virginea (Rchb.f.) Karthik.; Fl. Ind. Enum. Monocot. [Karthikeyan et al.] 166 (1989)
species :
Pleione microphylla S.C.Chen & Z.H.Tsi; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38(2): 182 (2000)
Distribution: China (S-Guangdong)
36 CHI
species :
Pleione pleionoides (Kraenzl. ex Diels) Braem & H.Mohr; Orchis 67­68: 124 (1989)
Distribution: China (Chongqing, Guizhou, W-Hubei)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Pleione amoena Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 4: 185 (1919), nom. illeg.
= Pleione hubeiensis Torelli & Riccab.; Caesiana 10: 31 (1998)
= Pleione speciosa Ames & Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 4: 61 (1919) [non Kuntze 1891]
= Pleione voltolinii Torelli & Riccab.; Caesiana 12: 51 (1999)
= Pogonia pleionoides Kraenzl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 267 (1900). ex Diels, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 267 (1901)
species :
Pleione praecox (Sm.) D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 37 (1825)
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Uttarakhand. West Bengal); Bangladesh; N-Myanmar (Bago, Chin, Kachin, Kayin, Taninthayi, Mon, Rakhine); N-Thailand; Laos; N-Vietnam
36 CHI TIB 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 LAO MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Coelogyne birmanica Rchb.f.; Gard. Chron., n. s. 18: 840 (1882)
= Coelogyne concolor Mottet; Dict. Prat. Hort. 1: 736 (1892-1893)
= Coelogyne praecox (Sm.) Lindl.; Coll. Bot. [Lindley] sub t. 37 (1825)
= Coelogyne praecox var. sanguinea Lindl.; Fol. Orchid. 5(Coelogyne): 16 (1854)
= Coelogyne praecox var. tenera Rchb.f.; Gard. Chron., n. s. 20: 294 (1883)
= Coelogyne praecox var. wallichiana (Lindl.) Lindl.; Fol. Orchid. 5(Coelogyne): 16 (1854)
= Coelogyne reichenbachiana T.Moore & Veitch; Gard. Chron. 1868: 1210 (1868)
= Coelogyne wallichiana Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 43 (1830)
= Cymbidium praecox (Sm.) Lindl.; Coll. Bot. [Lindley] t. 37 (1826)
= Dendrobium praecox (Sm.) Sm.; Cycl. [A.Rees] 11: n. 3 (1801)
= Epidendrum praecox Sm.; Exot. Bot. 2: 73, t. 97 (1806)
= Pleione birmanica (Rchb.f.) B.S.Williams; Orch.-Grow. Man., ed. 7: 681 (1894)
= Pleione concolor B.S.Williams; Orch.-Grow. Man., ed.7 (1894) 681
= Pleione praecox f. candida (Pfitzer) O.Gruss & M.Wolff; Orchid. Atlas 350 (2007)
= Pleione praecox var. alba E.W.Cooper; Roy. Hort. Soc. Dict. Gard. 1606 (1951)
= Pleione praecox var. birmanica (Rchb.f.) B.Grant; Orchids Burma 167 (1895)
= Pleione praecox var. candida Pfitzer; Pflanzenr. [Engler], IV.50, Heft 12 (Orch.-Pleonandr.): 126 (1907)
= Pleione praecox var. reichenbachiana (T.Moore & Veitch) Torelli & Riccab.; Caesiana 14: 101 (2000)
= Pleione praecox var. wallichiana (Lindl.) E.W.Cooper; Roy. Hort. Soc. Dict. Gard. 1606 (1951)
= Pleione reichenbachiana (T.Moore & Veitch) B.S.Williams; (1871)
= Pleione reichenbachiana (T.Moore & Veitch) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 680 (1891)
= Pleione wallichiana (Lindl.) Lindl. & Paxton; Paxton´s Fl. Gard. 2: 66 (1851)
species :
Pleione saxicola Tang & F.T.Wang ex S.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 25(6): 473 (1987)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND
species :
Pleione scopulorum W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 13: 218 (1921)
Distribution: China (NW- & SW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; India (Arunachal Pradesh); Myanmar (Kachin)
36 CHI TIB 40 IND 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Bletilla scopulorum (W.W.Sm.) Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 375 (1924)
= Jimensia scopulorum (W.W.Sm.) Garay & R.E.Schult.; Bot. Mus. Leafl. 18: 184 (1958)
species :
Pleione vietnamensis Aver. & P.J.Cribb; Gen. Pleione, ed. 2: 46 (1999)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
species :
Pleione xiushanensis H.P.Deng, Yu Bing Yang & Qi Qin; Phytotaxa 606(3): 215 (2023)
Distribution: China (Chongqing)
36 CHI
species :
Pleione yunnanensis (Rolfe) Rolfe; Orchid Rev. 11: 292 (1903)
Distribution: China (NW- & W-Guizhou, SW-Sichuan, NW- & SE-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Myanmar (Kachin)
36 CHI TIB 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Coelogyne yunnanensis Rolfe; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 36: 23 (1903)
= Pleione chiwuana Tang & F.T.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1(1): 78 (1951)
= Pleione yunnanensis var. chiwuana (Tang & F.T.Wang) G.Kleinh. ex Torelli & Riccab.; Caesiana 14: 127 (2000)
species :
Pleione ×baoshanensis W.Zhang & S.B.Zhang; Phytotaxa 350(3): 256 (2018)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Pleione albiflora x yunnanensis
species :
Pleione ×christianii Perner; Orchidee (Hamburg) Suppl. 6: 12 (1999)
Distribution: China (W-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Pleione forrestii x yunnanensis
species :
Pleione ×confusa P.J.Cribb & C.Z.Tang; Bot. Mag. 184(3): 126 (1983)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); N-Myanmar
36 CHI 41 MYA
Remarks: Pleione albiflora x forrestii
species :
Pleione ×kingdonwardii P.J.Cribb & Butterf.; Bot. Mag. (Kew Mag.) 34(2): 137 (2017)
Distribution: Myanmar
41 MYA
Remarks: Pleione bulbocodioides x humilis
species :
Pleione ×kohlsii Braem; Schlechteriana 2(4): 168 (1991)
Distribution: China (W-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Pleione aurita x forrestii
species :
Pleione ×lagenaria Lindl. & Paxton; Paxton´s Fl. Gard. 2: 5 (1851 publ. 1852)
Distribution: +NE-India (+Assam)
40 IND
Remarks: Pleione maculata x praecox
Conservation Status: IUCN Ex, surviving in culture and as artificial hybrid
Synonyms: hidden
= Coelogyne ×lagenaria (Lindl.) Lindl.; Fol. Orchid. 5(Coelogyne): 15 (1854)
species :
Pleione ×maoershanensis W.Zhang & S.B.Zhang; Phytotaxa 350(3): 256 (2018)
Distribution: China (Guangxi)
36 CHI
Remarks: Pleione hookeriana x pleionoides
species :
Pleione ×taliensis Butterf. ex Torelli & Riccab.; Caesiana 14: 137 (2000)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Pleione bulbocodioides x yunnanensis
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.03 (March 6th, 2025)

Covering 356,112 accepted species,
8,776 hybrids, 48,085 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,454 synonyms,
in total 1,415,427* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life