134.0000
Family
Orchidaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 64 (1789), nom. cons.
over 800 genera, more than 30.000 spp. worldwide, mostly tropical
Species listed in database: 30538; hybrids: 1461
= Apostasiaceae Lindl.; Nix. Pl. 22 (1833), nom. cons.
= Cypripediaceae Lindl.; Nix. Pl. 22 (1833)
= Limodoraceae Horan.; Char. Ess. Fam. 44 (1847)
= Liparidaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 567 (1895)
= Neottiaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 50 (1834)
= Neuwiediaceae R.Dahlgren ex Reveal & Hoogland; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia, Sér. 4, 13: 91 (1991)
= Ophrydaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 566 (1895)
= Pycnanthaceae Ravenna; Onira 12(6): 29 (2011)
= Vanillaceae Lindl.; Key Bot. 73 (1835)
134.5101
Genus
Neottia Guett.; Hist. Acad. Roy. Sci. Mém. Math. Phys. (Paris, 4to) 374 (1754), nom. cons.
Distribution: SW-Himalaya / NE-India, China, Siberia, 1 to Europe. Inclusion of Listera and its synonyms following recent floras, including Flora of China.
Species listed in database: 85; hybrids: 1
= Archineottia S.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17(2): 12 (1979)
= Bifolium Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 128 (1913), nom. illeg.
= Cardiophyllum Ehrh.; Beitr. Naturk. [Ehrhart] 4: 148 (1789)
= Diphryllum Raf.; Med. Repos. 5: 357 (1808)
= Diplandrorchis S.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17(1): 2 (1979)
= Distomaea Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 1: 245 (1825)
= Holopogon Kom. & Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 4: 750 (1935)
= Ibidium Dryand. ex Salisb.; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 292 (1812), nom. superfl.
= Listera R.Br.; Hort. Kew., ed. 2 [W.T.Aiton] 5: 201 (1813), nom. cons.
= Neottia subgen.Listera (R.Br.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 116 (1995)
= Neottidium Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: p. 65: 454 (1823)
= Nidus Riv.; Icon. Pl. Fl. Hexapet., t. 7 (1764)
= Nidus-avis Ortega; Tab. Bot. 24 (1773)
= Ophris Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4: s. p. (1754), nom. illeg.
= Pollinirhiza Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 120 (1867)
= Triorchis Petiver ex Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 122 (1913), nom. superfl.
species :
Neottia acuminata
Schltr.; Acta Horti Gothob. 1: 141 (1924)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Gansu, Hebei, Hubei, S-Jilin, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, N-Yunnan); Tibet; North Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); Taiwan; W-Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)
31 RFE 36 CHI TIB 38 JAP NKO TAI 40 BHU IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Aphyllorchis parviflora King & Pantl.; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 65: 128 (1896)
= Neottia asiatica Ohwi; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 45: 384 (1931)
= Neottia micrantha Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 458 (1840) [non Lex. (1824-25)]
= Neottia oblonga Tang & F.T.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1(1): 66 (1951)
= Neottia parviflora (King & Pantl.) Schltr.; Acta Horti Gothob. 1: 142 (1924), not Sm. (1813)
= Neottia subsessilis Ohwi; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 45: 385 (1931)
= Nidus micranthus (Lindl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 674 (1891)
species :
Neottia alternifolia
(King & Pantl.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 117 (1995)
Distribution: N-India (Sikkim)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera alternifolia King & Pantl.; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 65: 126 (1896)
species :
Neottia anthropophora
(Aver. & V.C.Nguyen) R.Kr.Singh & Sanjeet Kumar; J. Biodivers. Conservation 8(4): 94 (2024)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera anthropophora Aver. & V.C.Nguyen; Phytotaxa 658(1): 3 (2024)
species :
Neottia atayalica
T.C.Hsu; Ill. Fl. Taiwan 2: 120 (2016)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: probably only a variety of N. japonica fide Liu & Lin 2025
species :
Neottia auriculata
(Wiegand) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 117 (1995)
Name: Auricled Twayblade
Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Anticosti Isl.); USA (Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, Vermont, Wisconsin)
71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA
Conservation Status: IUCN R (Ontario, Québec), V (Michigan), E (Maine, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, Vermont, Wisconsin)
Synonyms: hidden
= Bifolium auriculatum (Wiegand) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 129 (1913)
= Listera auriculata f. trifolia (Lepage) Lepage; Naturaliste Canad. 96: 770 (1969)
= Listera auriculata Wiegand; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 166 (1899)
= Listera borealis f. trifolia Lepage; Naturaliste Canad. 82: 191 (1955)
= Neottia auriculata f. trifolia (Lepage) P.M.Br.; Wild Orchids SouthW. U.S. 299 (2019)
= Neottia borealis f. trifolia (Lepage) P.M.Br.; Wild Orchids SouthW. U.S. 299 (2019)
= Ophrys auriculata (Wiegand) House; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 379 (1905)
species :
Neottia bambusetorum
(Hand.-Mazz.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 117 (1995)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera bambusetorum Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7: 1338 (1936)
species :
Neottia banksiana
(Lindl.) Rchb.f.; Ann. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 3: 595 (1852)
Name: Northwest Twayblade
Distribution: SE-Alaska; C-Canada (British Columbia, SW-Alberta); NW-USA (Washington, Oregon, NW-California, Idaho, Montana, NW-Wyoming)
70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera banksiana Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 455 (1840)
= Listera caurina Piper; Erythea 6: 32 (1898)
= Listera retusa Suksd.; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 18: 155 (1900)
= Neottia caurina (Piper) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 117 (1995)
= Ophrys caurina (Piper) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 610 (1905)
species :
Neottia bicallosa
X.H.Jin; Phytotaxa 177(3): 188 (2014)
Distribution: Tibet
36 TIB
species :
Neottia biflora
(Schltr.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 117 (1995)
Distribution: China (NW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera biflora Schltr.; Acta Horti Gothob. 1: 143 (1924)
species :
Neottia bifolia
(Raf.) Baumbach; Orchidee (Hamburg) 60(4): 332 (2009)
Name: Southern Twayblade
Distribution: E-Canada (S-Québec, E-Ontario, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Bifolium australe (Lindl.) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 129 (1913)
= Diphryllum australe (Lindl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 659 (1891)
= Diphryllum bifolium Raf.; Med. Repos. 5: 357 (1808)
= Listera australis f. scottii P.M.Br.; N. Amer. Native Orchid J. 6(1): 63 (2000)
= Listera australis f. trifolia P.M.Br.; N. Amer. Native Orchid J. 1: 11 (1995)
= Listera australis Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 456 (1840)
= Neottia australis (Lindl.) Rchb.f.; Ann. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 3: 595 (1852)
= Neottia australis (Lindl.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot. 3: 117 (1995), isonym
= Neottia australis f. scottii (P.M.Br.) P.M.Br.; Wild Orchids SouthW. U.S. 299 (2019)
= Ophrys australis (Lindl.) House; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 379 (1905)
species :
Neottia borealis
(Morong) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 117 (1995)
Name: Northern Twayblade
Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Newfoundland, Labrador, N. W. T., Nunavut, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming)
70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera borealis Morong; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 20: 30 (1893)
= Ophrys borealis (Morong) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 610 (1905)
species :
Neottia brevicaulis
(King & Pantl.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 117 (1995)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim)
36 CHI 40 BHU IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera brevicaulis King & Pantl.; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 65: 126 (1896)
species :
Neottia brevilabris
Tang & F.T.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1(1): 65 (1951)
Distribution: China (Chongqing)
36 CHI
species :
Neottia camtschatea
(L.) Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L.Reichenbach] 13-14: 146 (1851)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Tuva, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Khabarovsk); Kazakhstan; Tajikistan; China (Gansu, NW-Hebei, C- & W-Nei Mongol, NE-Qinghai, N-Shaanxi, C- & N-Xinjiang); Mongolia
30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ TZK 36 CHI 37 MON
Synonyms: hidden
= Epipactis camtschatea (L.) Sw.; Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 21: 232 (1800)
= Epipactis kamtschatica (Georgi) Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 458 (1840)
= Neottia kamtschatica (Georgi) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 707 (1826)
= Ophrys camtschatea L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 948 (1753)
= Ophrys kamtschatica Georgi; Beschr. Nation. Russ. Reich 5: 1273 (1775)
= Serapias camtschatea (L.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1: 766 (1821)
species :
Neottia chandrae
Raskoti, J.J.Wood & Ale; Nordic J. Bot. 30(2): 187 (2012)
Distribution: Nepal; India (Uttarakhand)
40 IND NEP
species :
Neottia chawalongensis
J.D.Ya & D.Z.Li; PhytoKeys 235: 221 (2023)
Distribution: Tibet
36 TIB
species :
Neottia chenii
S.W.Gale & P.J.Cribb; Fl. China 25: 191 (2009), nom. nov.
Distribution: China (S-Gansu, W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera grandiflora var. megalochila S.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 25(6): 473 (1987), not Neottia megalochila S. C. Chen 1979
= Listera megalochila (S.C.Chen) S.C.Chen & G.H.Zhu; Novon 12(4): 440 (2002)
species :
Neottia cinsbuensis
T.P.Lin & D.M.Huang; Taiwania 62(4): 352 (2017)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Neottia confusa
Bhaumik; Edinburgh J. Bot. 69(3): 381 (2012)
Distribution: India (Arunachal Pradesh)
40 IND
species :
Neottia convallarioides
(Sw.) Rich.; Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 4: 59 (1818)
Name: Broad-leaved Twayblade
Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka); Aleutes; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New York, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Vermont, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming)
31 RFE 70 ASK 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Bifolium convallarioides (Sw.) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 129 (1913)
= Diphryllum convallariodes (Sw.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 659 (1891)
= Diphryllum eschscholzianum (Cham. & Schltdl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 659 (1891)
= Epipactis convallarioides Sw.; Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 21: 232 (1800)
= Listera convallarioides (Sw.) Nutt. ex Elliott; Sketch Bot. S. Carolina [Elliott] 2(5): 494 (1823)
= Listera convallarioides (Sw.) Nutt.; Gen. N. Amer. Pl. [Nuttall] 2: 191 (1818), nomen, ex Torr., Comp. 320 (1826)
= Listera convallarioides f. trifolia P.M.Br.; N. Amer. Native Orchid J. 1(1): 11 (1995)
= Listera eschscholziana Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 33 (1828)
= Neottia convallarioides f. trifolia (P.M.Br.) P.M.Br.; Wild Orchids SouthW. U.S. 299 (2019)
= Neottia eschscholziana (Cham. & Schltdl.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 189 (1841)
= Ophrys convallarioides (Sw.) W.Wight ex House; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 380 (1905)
= Serapias convallarioides (Sw.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1: 766 (1821)
species :
Neottia cordata
(L.) Rich.; Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 4: 59 (1818)
Name: Kleines Zweiblatt, Herz-Zweiblatt (DE), Lesser Twayblade (EN)
Distribution: Iceland; Faeroe Isl.; England (N- & SW-England, Wales, Isle of Man, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl.); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Germany (Brandenburg, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, +Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, +Schleswig-Holstein, +Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Bulgaria; NE-Greece (Rodopi); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; W-Ukraine; European Russia (N-European Russia); Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); W-Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus] (Imereti, Guria, Shiga Kartli, Kartli, Mtiuleti); N-Turkey; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku); Alaska; Aleutes; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Labrador, N. W. T., Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (California, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Idaho, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Michigan, Montana, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming)
10 DEN FIN FOR GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT CZE GER LIE NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 33 GEO NCS 34 TUR 38 JAP 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Remarks: Inclusion of the NW-North American L. nephrophylla disputed
Synonyms: hidden
= Bifolium cordatum (L.) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 129 (1913)
= Cymbidium cordatum (L.) Londes; Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 1: 282 (1811)
= Diphryllum cordatum (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 659 (1891)
= Distomaea cordata (L.) Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 1: 247 (1825)
= Epipactis cordata (L.) All.; Fl. Pedem. 2: 152 (1785)
= Helleborine cordata (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boëm. Cent. 1: 81 (1793)
= Listera cordata (L.) R.Br.; Hort. Kew., ed. 2 [W.T.Aiton] 5: 201 (1813)
= Listera cordata lusus trifolia Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 3: 891 (1907)
= Listera cordata f. appendiculata Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 59(691â?"692): 15 (1946)
= Listera cordata f. disjuncta Lepage; Naturaliste Canad. 73: 16 (1946)
= Listera cordata f. pallida C.G.H.Thed.; Bot. Not. 1889: 69 (1889)
= Listera cordata f. rubescens P.M.Br.; N. Amer. Native Orchid J. 1: 288 (1995)
= Listera cordata f. tetraphylla Lavoie; Provancheria 17: 92 (1984)
= Listera cordata f. trifolia (Asch. & Graebn.) Pauca & Stefur.; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 12: 734 (1972)
= Listera cordata f. trifolia P.M.Br.; N. Amer. Native Orchid J. 1: 11 (1995), nom. illeg.
= Listera cordata f. variegata P.M.Br.; N. Amer. Native Orchid J. 1: 11 (1995)
= Listera cordata f. viridens P.M.Br.; N. Amer. Native Orchid J. 1: 288 (1995)
= Listera cordata subsp. japonica (H.Hara) F.Maek.; Wild Orchids Japan 219, 462 (1971)
= Listera cordata subsp. nephrophylla (Rydb.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Univ. Colorado Stud., Ser. Biol. 17: 19 (1965)
= Listera cordata var. chlorantha Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, Sér. 2, 17: 341 (1926)
= Listera cordata var. japonica H.Hara; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 52: 616 (1938)
= Listera cordata var. nephrophylla (Rydb.) Hultén; Fl. Aleutian Isl. 145 (1937)
= Listera nephrophylla Rydb.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 108 (1900)
= Neottia cordata f. rubescens (P.M.Br.) P.M.Br.; Wild Orchids SouthW. U.S. 299 (2019)
= Neottia nephrophylla (Rydb.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 118 (1995)
= Ophrys cordata L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 946 (1753)
= Ophrys nephrophylla (Rydb.) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 610 (1905)
= Pollinirhiza cordata (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 120 (1867)
= Serapias cordata (L.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1: 766 (1821)
species :
Neottia dentata
(King & Pantl.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 117 (1995)
Distribution: N-India (Sikkim); Myanmar (Kachin)
40 IND 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera dentata King & Pantl.; Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 8: 257 (1898)
species :
Neottia dihangensis
Bhaumik; Edinburgh J. Bot. 69(3): 379 (2012)
Distribution: India (Arunachal Pradesh)
40 IND
species :
Neottia divaricata
(Panigrahi & P.Taylor) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 117 (1995)
Distribution: SE-Tibet (Mêdog Xian, Zayü Xian); NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh)
36 TIB 40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera divaricata Panigrahi & P.Taylor; Kew Bull. 30(3): 559 (1975)
species :
Neottia fangii
(Tang & F.T.Wang ex S.C.Chen & G.H.Zhu) S.C.Chen, S.W.Gale & P.J.Cribb; Fl. China 25: 193 (2009)
Distribution: China (NW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera fangii Tang & F.T.Wang ex S.C.Chen; Novon 12(4): 438 (2002)
species :
Neottia flabellata
(W.W.Sm.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 117 (1995)
Distribution: N-Myanmar
41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera flabellata W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 13: 213 (1921)
species :
Neottia fugongensis
(X.H.Jin) J.M.H.Shaw; Orchid Rev., Suppl., 125 (1319): 58 (2017)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera fugongensis X.H.Jin; Brittonia 59(3): 243 (2007)
species :
Neottia furusei
T.Yukawa & Yagame; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo B, 35(2): 61 (2009), nom. nov.
Distribution: Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)
38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Archineottia japonica M.Furuse; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 26(1): 69 (1988)
= Holopogon japonicus (M.Furuse) S.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(2): 180 (1997)
= Neottia japonica (M.Furuse) K.Inoue; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 49(2): 199 (1998 publ. 1999), nom. illeg. homonym
species :
Neottia gaudissartii
Hand.-Mazz.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 86: 302 (1937)
Distribution: China (W-Henan, Liaoning, C-Shanxi)
36 CHI
Conservation Status: IUCN E
Synonyms: hidden
= Archineottia gaudissartii (Hand.-Mazz.) S.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17: 13 (1979)
= Holopogon gaudissartii (Hand.-Mazz.) S.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(2): 179 (1997)
species :
Neottia hohuanshanensis
T.P.Lin & Shu H.Wu; Taiwania 57(4): 381 (2012)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Neottia inagakii
Yagame, Katsuy. & T.Yukawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 59(3): 219 (2008)
Distribution: Japan (Honshu)
38 JAP
species :
Neottia inayatii
(Duthie) Schltr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 387 (1911)
Distribution: NE-Pakistan; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir)
40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera inayatii Duthie; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 71: 41 (1902)
= Listera kashmiriana Duthie; Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 1(2): 153 (1906)
= Neottia inayatii (Duthie) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève 1925, Ser. 2, 17: 339 (1926), isonym
= Neottia kashmiriana (Duthie) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, Sér. 2, 27: 339 (1925 publ. 1926), isonym
= Neottia kashmiriana (Duthie) Schltr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 387 (1911)
species :
Neottia japonica
(Blume) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 117 (1995)
Distribution: Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Yakushima Isl.); Ryukyu Isl. (Okinawa, Iheyashima, Ishigakijima, Iriomote, Amami Oshima); Taiwan (Hualian Shi, Taizhong Xian, Yilan Xian)
38 JAP NNS TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Diphryllum japonicum (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 659 (1891)
= Listera japonica Blume; Coll. Orchid. 136 (1858)
= Listera japonica f. albostriata (Masam.) Masam.; (1964)
= Listera japonica f. longifolia Nakaj.; (1969)
= Listera japonica f. viridescens Nakaj.; (1969)
= Listera shaoii S.S.Ying; Coloured Ill. Indig. Orchids Taiwan 1(2): 236 (1977)
= Listera shikokiana Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 7: 68 (1893)
= Listera shikokiana var. albostriata Masam.; (1934)
= Neottia shaoi (S.S.Ying) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 118 (1995)
= Ophrys japonica (Blume) Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 6: 33 (1929)
= Ophrys shikokiana (Makino) Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 6: 34 (1929)
species :
Neottia karoana
Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 117 (1995), nom. nov.
Distribution: China (W-Yunnan); Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim); Myanmar (Kachin)
36 CHI 40 BHU IND 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Diphryllum micranthum (Lindl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 659 (1891)
= Listera micrantha Lindl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 1: 176 (1857)
species :
Neottia kiusiana
T.Hashim. & Hatus.; Ann. Tsukuba Bot. Gard. 10: 41 (1991)
Distribution: North Korea; South Korea; Japan
38 JAP KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Neottia hypocastanoptica Y.N.Lee; Fl. Korea [Lee], ed. 4: 1167 (2002)
= Neottia kiusiana f. conformis Suetsugu; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 69(3): 193 (2018)
species :
Neottia krasnojarica
E.M.Antipova; Fl. Severn. Lesostep. Srednei Sibiri 344 (2003)
Distribution: Siberia (Krasnoyarsk)
30 SIB
Remarks: provisionally accepted name, status unconfirmed
species :
Neottia kuanshanensis
(H.J.Su) T.C.Hsu & S.W.Chung; Taiwania 54(1): 83 (2009)
Distribution: S-Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera kuanshanensis H.J.Su; J. Exp. Forest Natl. Taiwan Univ. 13(3): 206 (1999)
species :
Neottia latilabris
(Evrard ex Gagnep.) R.Kr.Singh & Sanjeet Kumar; J. Biodivers. Conservation 8(4): 102 (2024), as ´latilabra´
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera latilabra Evrard ex Gagnep.; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 3: 683 (1931)
species :
Neottia lihengiae
J.D.Ya, H.Jiang & D.Z.Li; PhytoKeys 235: 219 (2023)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Neottia linzhiensis
X.H.Jin; Phytotaxa 629(2): 156 (2023)
Distribution: Tibet
36 TIB
species :
Neottia listeroides
Lindl.; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle] 368 (1839)
Distribution: China (C-Gansu, N-Shanxi, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); S- & SE-Tibet; NE-Pakistan (Chitral, Karakorum); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Nagaland, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera lindleyana (Decne.) King & Pantl.; Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 8: 258, t. 343 (1898)
= Neottia dongrergoensis Schltr.; Acta Horti Gothob. 1: 142 (1924)
= Neottia lindleyana Decne.; Voy. Inde [Jacquemont] 4(Bot.): 163 (1843) & Atlas 2: t. 163 (1844)
= Nidus listerodes (Lindl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 674 (1891)
species :
Neottia longicaulis
(King & Pantl.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 117 (1995)
Distribution: S-Tibet (Jilong Xian); Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, Uttarakhand); Myanmar
36 TIB 40 BHU IND 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera longicaulis King & Pantl.; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 65: 126 (1896)
= Listera yueana Tang & F.T.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1(1): 65 (1951)
= Neottia yueana (Tang & F.T.Wang) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 119 (1995)
species :
Neottia mackinnonii
Deva & H.B.Naithani; Orchid Fl. N. W. Himalaya 75 (1986)
Distribution: India (Uttarakhand)
40 IND
species :
Neottia makinoana
(Ohwi) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 118 (1995)
Distribution: Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); N-Ryukyu Isl. (Osumi Gunto)
38 JAP NNS
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera makinoana Ohwi; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 45: 384 (1931)
= Listera patentifolia Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 2: 115 (1936)
= Listera pinetorum var. makinoana (Ohwi) M.Hiroe; Orchid Flowers 2: 66 (1971)
species :
Neottia maolanensis
M.N.Wang; PhytoKeys 235: 81 (2023), nom. nov.
Distribution: China (Guizhou)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Neottia bifida M.N.Wang; PhytoKeys 229: 222 (2023), nom. illeg., non Blume
= Neottia wangii J.M.H.Shaw; Orchids (West Palm Beach) 92(12): 895 (2023), nom. nov. superfl.
species :
Neottia megalochila
S.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17(2): 17 (1979)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Neottia grandiflora Schltr.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 104 (1912) [non Hook. 1830]
= Neottia schlechterana Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 118 (1995) [nom. nov. superfl.]
species :
Neottia meifongensis
(H.J.Su & C.Y.Hu) T.C.Hsu & S.W.Chung; Taiwania 54(1): 83 (2009)
Distribution: C-Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera meifongensis H.J.Su & C.Y.Hu; Taiwania 45: 240 (2000)
species :
Neottia microglottis
(Duthie) Schltr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 387 (1911)
Distribution: India (Uttarakhand)
40 IND
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Archineottia microglottis (Duthie) S.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17(2): 14, f. 1, 3-4 (1979)
= Holopogon microglottis (Duthie) S.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(2): 179 (1997)
= Listera microglottis Duthie; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 71: 42 (1900)
= Neottia microglottis (Duthie) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève 1925, Ser. 2, 17: 339 (1926), isonym
species :
Neottia microphylla
(S.C.Chen & Y.B.Luo) S.C.Chen, S.W.Gale & P.J.Cribb; Fl. China 25: 189 (2009)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera microphylla S.C.Chen & Y.B.Luo; Novon 12(4): 438 (2002)
species :
Neottia milinensis
J.J.Lei & X.H.Jin; Phytotaxa 589(2): 113 (2023)
Distribution: Tibet
36 TIB
species :
Neottia morrisonicola
(Hayata) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 118 (1995)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera morrisonicola Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 2: 140 (1912)
= Listera taiwaniana S.S.Ying; Bull. Exp. Forest Natl. Taiwan Univ. 114: 156 (1974)
= Neottia taiwaniana (S.S.Ying) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 119 (1995)
= Ophrys morrisonicola (Hayata) Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 6: 34 (1929)
species :
Neottia motuoensis
X.H.Jin; Phytotaxa 645(2): 186 (2024)
Distribution: SE-Tibet
36 TIB
species :
Neottia nanchuanica
(S.C.Chen) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 118 (1995)
Distribution: China (Chongqing)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera nanchuanica S.C.Chen; Kew Bull. 35(4): 761 (1981)
species :
Neottia nandadeviensis
(Hajra) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 118 (1995)
Distribution: India (Uttarakhand)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera nandadeviensis Hajra; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 25 (14): 181 (1983 publ. 1985)
species :
Neottia nankomontana
(Fukuy.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 118 (1995)
Distribution: NW-Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera nankomontana Fukuy.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 49: 291 (1935)
species :
Neottia nepalensis
(N.P.Balakr.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 118 (1995)
Distribution: Nepal
40 NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera nepalensis N.P.Balakr.; Blumea 14: 237 (1966)
species :
Neottia nidus-avis
(L.) Rich.; De Orchid. Eur. 37 (1817)
Name: Nestwurz (DE), Bird´s-nest Orchid (EN)
Distribution: England; England (England, Wales, Scotland); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, +Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, +Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (mountains of mainland, Kerkyra, Kefalonia, Mt. Athos, Evvoia); European Turkey; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; European Russia (N-European Russia, C-European Russia, W-European Russia, E-European Russia); Algeria; Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus] (inkl. Abkhazia); Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Talysh); N-Turkey; N-Iran
10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG 30 SIB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Distomaea nidus-avis (L.) Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 1: 246 (1825)
= Epipactis nidus-avis (L.) Crantz; Stirp. Austr. Fasc., ed. 2, 6: 475 (1769)
= Helleborine nidus-avis (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boëm. Cent. 1: 78 (1793)
= Helleborine succulenta (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boëm. Cent. 1: 78 (1793)
= Listera nidus-avis (L.) Curtis; Fl. Londin. [Curtis] t. 58 (1778)
= Listera nidus-avis (L.) Hook.; Fl. Londin. [Curtis] 6: t. 58 (1794), isonym
= Malaxis nidus-avis (L.) Bernh.; Syst. Verz. [Bernhardi] 314 (1800)
= Neottia macrostelis Peterm.; Flora (Regensburg) 27: 369 (1844)
= Neottia nidus-avis lusus nivea (Magnus ex M.Schulze) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 3: 894 (1907)
= Neottia nidus-avis lusus pallida (Wirtg.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 3: 893 (1907)
= Neottia nidus-avis lusus sulphurea (J.Weiss) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 3: 893 (1907)
= Neottia nidus-avis f. brachystelis Peterm.; Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss. 447 (1846)
= Neottia nidus-avis f. brunnea J.Weiss; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 1: 30 (1895)
= Neottia nidus-avis f. dilatata Zapal.; Consp. Fl. Galic. Crit. 1: 231 (1906)
= Neottia nidus-avis f. glandulosa (Beck) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 2: 389 (1909), isonym
= Neottia nidus-avis f. glandulosa (Beck) M.Goldschm.; 289 (1908)
= Neottia nidus-avis f. macrostelis Peterm.; Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss. 447 (1846)
= Neottia nidus-avis f. micrantha Zapal.; Consp. Fl. Galic. Crit. 1: 231 (1906)
= Neottia nidus-avis f. nivea (Magnus ex M.Schulze) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 2: 389 (1909)
= Neottia nidus-avis f. pallida (Wirtg.) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 2: 389 (1909)
= Neottia nidus-avis f. sulphurea J.Weiss; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 1: 30 (1895)
= Neottia nidus-avis var. dilatata Zapal.; Consp. Fl. Galic. Crit. 1: 236 (1906)
= Neottia nidus-avis var. glandulosa Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 217 (1890)
= Neottia nidus-avis var. micrantha Zapal.; Consp. Fl. Galic. Crit. 1: 236 (1906)
= Neottia nidus-avis var. nivea Magnus ex M.Schulze; Orch. Deutschl. Österr. Schweiz no. 65 (1894)
= Neottia nidus-avis var. pallida Wirtg.; Fl. Preuss. Rheinprov. 450 (1857)
= Neottia orobanchoidea St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 61, 70, 130 (1880), et J. Bot. [Morot] 8: 84 (1894)
= Neottia squamosa Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 120 (1867)
= Neottidium nidus-avis (L.) Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: p. 65: 454 (1823)
= Ophrys nidus-avis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 945 (1753)
= Serapias nidus-avis (L.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1: 766 (1821)
species :
Neottia nipponica
(Makino) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 118 (1995)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu)
31 RFE 38 JAP KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera brevidens Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 4: 613 (1935), et Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. I, Fasc. 2, 110, 113 (1936)
= Listera cordata var. nipponica (Makino) M.Hiroe; Orchid Flowers 2: 66 (1971)
= Listera nipponica Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 19: 9 (1905)
= Listera smallii var. nipponica (Makino) T.Hashim.; Proc. 12th World Orchid Conf. 1987 (eds. K. Saito & R. Tanaka): 121 (1987)
= Ophrys nipponica (Makino) Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 6: 34 (1929)
species :
Neottia nujiangensis
X.H.Jin; Phytotaxa 289(3): 291 (2016)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Neottia nyinyikyawii
X.H.Jin, A.T.Mu & H.A.Mung; Phytotaxa 446(3): 205 (2020)
Distribution: Myanmar
41 MYA
species :
Neottia oblata
(S.C.Chen) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 118 (1995)
Distribution: China (Chongqing)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera oblata S.C.Chen; Kew Bull. 35(4): 759 (1981)
species :
Neottia ovata
(L.) Hartm.; Handb. Skand. Fl. 331 (1820)
Name: Großes Zweiblatt (DE), Common Twayblade (EN)
Distribution: Iceland; England (England, Wales, Isle of Man, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl.); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; Andorra; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (mountains of mainland, Thasos, Samothraki, Evvoia, Andros, Tinos); Crete (Lefka Ori, Dikti); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; European Russia (N-European Russia, C-European Russia, W-European Russia, E-European Russia); Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus] (Shiga Kartli, Kartli, Kakheti, Meskheti); Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Talysh); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Samos); Turkey; Iran; Afghanistan (Kabul, Parwan); NE-Pakistan; N-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim); Bangladesh; E-Canada [I] (Ontario [I])
10 DEN FIN GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO CIS COR FRA SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG EAI IRN TUR 40 BAN IND PAK 72 cdn
Synonyms: hidden
= Bifolium ovatum (L.) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 129 (1913)
= Diphryllum ovatum (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 659 (1891)
= Distomaea ovata (L.) Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 1: 246 (1825)
= Epipactis ovalifolia Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 4: 302 (1812)
= Epipactis ovata (L.) Crantz; Stirp. Austr. Fasc., ed. 2, 6: 473 (1769)
= Epipactis ovata var. trifoliata St.-Lag.; Étude Fl. [A.Cariot], éd. 8, 2: 811 (1889)
= Helleborine ovata (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boëm. Cent. 1: 80 (1793)
= Listera multinervia Peterm.; Flora (Regensburg) 27: 369 (1844)
= Listera ovata (L.) R.Br.; Hort. Kew., ed. 2 [W.T.Aiton] 5: 201 (1813)
= Listera ovata lusus alternifolia Peterm.; Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss. 446 (1846)
= Listera ovata lusus quadrifoliata W.Zimm.; Form. Orchid. Deutschl. 86 (1912)
= Listera ovata lusus trifoliata (Cariot & St.-Lag.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 3: 889 (1907)
= Listera ovata f. alternifolia (Peterm.) Seeland; 42 (1929)
= Listera ovata f. brachyglossa Peterm.; Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss. 446 (1846)
= Listera ovata f. densiflora W.Zimm.; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 23: 11 (1917)
= Listera ovata f. elliptica Zapal.; Consp. Fl. Galic. Crit. 1: 230 (1906)
= Listera ovata f. gracilis Zapal.; Consp. Fl. Galic. Crit. 1: 230 (1906)
= Listera ovata f. minima Zapal.; Consp. Fl. Galic. Crit. 1: 230 (1906)
= Listera ovata f. multinervia (Peterm.) Peterm.; Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss. 446 (1846)
= Listera ovata f. parvifolia (Asch. & Graebn.) Seeland; 42 (1929)
= Listera ovata f. platyglossa Peterm.; Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss. 446 (1846)
= Listera ovata f. quadrifoliata Seeland; 42 (1929)
= Listera ovata f. trifoliata Bolzon; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1910: 75 (1910), nom. illeg.
= Listera ovata f. verticillata Lindstr.; Bot. Not. 1893: 19 (1893)
= Listera ovata var. alternifolia Peterm.; 369 (1844)
= Listera ovata var. brachyglossa Peterm.; 369 (1844)
= Listera ovata var. multinervia (Peterm.) Zapal.; Consp. Fl. Galic. Crit. 1: 235 (1906)
= Listera ovata var. parvifolia Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 3: 889 (1907)
= Listera ovata var. subrotundifolia-maxima Schur; 295 (1870)
= Listera ovata var. trifoliata St.-Lag.; Étude Fl. [A.Cariot], éd. 8, 2: 811 (1889)
= Malaxis ovata (L.) Bernh.; Syst. Verz. [Bernhardi] 315 (1800)
= Neottia latifolia Rich.; Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 4: 59 (1818), nom. illeg.
= Neottia ovata (L.) Bluff & Fingerh.; Comp. Fl. German., ed. 2 [Bluff & Fingerhuth] 2: 435 (1838), isonym
= Ophrys bifolia Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 3: 516 (1779)
= Ophrys ovata L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 946 (1753)
= Pollinirhiza ovata (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 120 (1867)
= Serapias ovata (L.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1: 766 (1821)
species :
Neottia pantlingii
(W.W.Sm.) Tang & F.T.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1(1): 66 (1951)
Distribution: Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim)
40 BHU IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Aphyllorchis pantlingii W.W.Sm.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 4: 243 (1911)
= Archineottia pantlingii (W.W.Sm.) S.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17(2): 14, t. 1, f. 5-6 (1979)
= Holopogon pantlingii (W.W.Sm.) S.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(2): 179 (1997)
species :
Neottia papilligera
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 16: 356 (1920)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk); Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye); NE-China (C-Heilongjiang, S-Jilin); North Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)
30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Neottia nidus-avis var. manshurica Kom.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk Bot. Sada 20: 528 (1901)
= Neottia papilligera f. glaberrima Kitag.; J. Jap. Bot. 19: 116 (1943)
species :
Neottia pekinensis
(X.Y.Mu & Bing Liu) R.Kr.Singh & Sanjeet Kumar; J. Biodivers. Conservation 8(4): 102 (2024)
Distribution: China (Beijing)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Holopogon pekinensis X.Y.Mu & Bing Liu; Phytotaxa 326(2): 151 (2017)
species :
Neottia piluchiensis
T.P.Lin; Taiwania 60(4): 169 (2015)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Neottia pinetorum
(Lindl.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 118 (1995)
Distribution: China (Xinjiang, W-Yunnan, Sichuan, N-Fujian); S-Tibet; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Myanmar (Kachin)
36 CHI TIB 38 JAP 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Diphryllum pinetorum (Lindl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 659 (1891)
= Listera brachybotryosa Tang & F.T.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1(1): 64 (1951)
= Listera mucronata Panigrahi & J.J.Wood; Kew Bull. 29(4): 731 (1974 publ. 1975)
= Listera pinetorum Lindl.; Proc. Linn. Soc. London 1: 175 (1857)
= Listera tianschanica Grubov; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 7: 106 (1977)
= Neottia brachybotryosa (Tang & F.T.Wang) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 117 (1995)
= Neottia mucronata (Panigrahi & J.J.Wood) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 118 (1995)
= Neottia tianschanica (Grubov) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 119 (1995)
species :
Neottia pseudonipponica
(Fukuy.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 118 (1995)
Distribution: C-Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera pseudonipponica Fukuy.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 49: 665 (1935)
= Neottia microauriculata T.C.Hsu; Ill. Fl. Taiwan 2: 127 (2016)
species :
Neottia puberula
(Maxim.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 118 (1995)
Distribution: Siberia (Chita, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); China (C-Gansu, Guizhou, NW-Hebei, Heilongjiang, S-Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, NW-Shanxi, NW-Sichuan); Mongolia; North Korea; Japan
30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 37 MON 38 JAP NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera bungeana Y.Yabe; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 29: 240 (1915)
= Listera convallarioides subsp. yatabei (Makino) Beauverd
= Listera major Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 327 (1914)
= Listera puberula Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 29: 204 (1883)
= Listera savatieri Maxim. ex Kom.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 20: 526 (1901)
= Listera savatieri var. major (Nakai) Beauverd
= Listera yatabei Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 19: 8 (1905)
= Neottia bungeana (Y.Yabe) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 117 (1995)
= Neottia major (Nakai) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 118 (1995)
= Neottia yatabei (Makino) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 119 (1995)
= Ophrys savatieri (Maxim. ex Kom.) Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 6: 34 (1929)
= Ophrys yatabei (Makino) Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 6: 34 (1929)
variant :
var. maculata
(Tang & F.T.Wang) S.C.Chen, S.W.Gale & P.J.Cribb; Fl. China 25: 190 (2009)
Distribution: China (Chongqing, NW-Gansu, N-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera maculata (Tang & F.T.Wang) K.Y.Lang; (1994)
= Listera puberula var. maculata (Tang & F.T.Wang) S.C.Chen & Y.B.Luo; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 17: 109 (1999)
= Listera savatieri var. maculata Tang & F.T.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1(1): 65 (1951)
species :
Neottia ruisuiensis
T.P.Lin; Taiwania 70(1): 31-36 (2025)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Neottia shenlengiana
T.C.Hsu; Ill. Fl. Taiwan 2: 129 (2016)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Neottia sinica
(S.C.Chen) H.W.Peng & Wei Wang; BMC Pl. Biol. 22-507: 8 (2022)
Distribution: China
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Diplandrorchis sinica S.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17(1): 2 (1979)
species :
Neottia smallii
(Wiegand) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 118 (1995)
Name: Appalachian Twayblade
Distribution: E-USA (Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia)
75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Bifolium smallii (Wiegand) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 129 (1913)
= Listera reniformis Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24: 334 (1897) [non D. Don]
= Listera smallii f. variegata P.M.Br.; N. Amer. Native Orchid J. 1(4): 289 (1995)
= Listera smallii Wiegand; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 169 (1899)
= Ophrys smallii (Wiegand) House; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 379 (1905)
species :
Neottia smithiana
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 375 (1924)
Distribution: China (S-Shaanxi, SW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Archineottia smithiana (Schltr.) S.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17(2): 14 (1979)
= Holopogon smithianus (Schltr.) S.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(2): 179-180 (1997)
= Neottia kungii Tang & F.T.Wang; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 7: 6 (1936)
species :
Neottia smithii
(Schltr.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 118 (1995)
Distribution: China (NW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera smithii Schltr.; Acta Horti Gothob. 1: 144 (1924)
species :
Neottia suzukii
(Masam.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 119 (1995)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera deltoidea Fukuy.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 49: 759 (1935)
= Listera suzukii Masam.; Trop. Hort. 3: 42 (1933), nomen, et Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 23: 209 (1933)
= Listera uraiensis S.S.Ying; Coloured Ill. Indig. Orchids Taiwan 1(2): 240 (1977)
= Neottia deltoidea (Fukuy.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 117 (1995)
= Neottia uraiensis (S.S.Ying) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 119 (1995)
species :
Neottia taibaishanensis
P.H.Yang & K.Y.Lang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 44(1): 86 (2006)
Distribution: China (Shaanxi)
36 CHI
species :
Neottia taizanensis
(Fukuy.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 119 (1995)
Distribution: N-Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera taizanensis Fukuy.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 48: 431 (1934)
species :
Neottia tenii
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 376 (1924)
Distribution: China (N-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Neottia tenuis
(Lindl.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 119 (1995)
Distribution: Nepal; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)
40 IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera tenuis Lindl.; Proc. Linn. Soc. London 1: 176 (1857)
species :
Neottia unguiculata
(W.W.Sm.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 119 (1995)
Distribution: Myanmar (Kachin)
41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera unguiculata W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 13: 214 (1921)
species :
Neottia ussuriensis
(Kom. & Nevski) Sóo; Ann. Univ. Sci. Budapest. Rolando Eötvös, Sect. Biol. 11: 58 (1969)
Distribution: +Russian Far East (+Primorye)
31 RFE
Conservation Status: IUCN Ex/E
Synonyms: hidden
= Holopogon ussuriensis Kom. & Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 4: 620, 751 (1935)
species :
Neottia wardii
(Rolfe) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 119 (1995)
Distribution: China (W-Hubei, N- & W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Taiwan
36 CHI TIB 38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera grandiflora Rolfe; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1896: 200 (1896)
= Listera longiflora W.M.Lin & I.F.Wang; Wiuld Orch. Taiwan 618 (2014), nomen
= Listera macrantha Fukuy.; Rep. Annual) Taihoku Bot. Gard. 3: 86 (1933)
= Listera wardii (Rolfe) Rolfe; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8: 127 (1913)
= Neottia breviscapa T.C.Hsu; Ill. Fl. Taiwan 2: 121 (2016)
= Neottia formosana S.C.Chen, S.W.Gale & P.J.Cribb; Fl. China 25: 192 (2009), nom. superfl.
= Neottia fukuyamae T.C.Hsu & S.W.Chung; Taiwan J. Forest Sci. 24(1): 77 (2009)
= Neottia fukuyamae var. chilaiensis T.C.Hsu; Ill. Fl. Taiwan 2: 123 (2016)
= Neottia grandiflora (Rolfe) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 117 (1995), nom. illeg.
= Neottia macrantha (Fukuy.) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot. 3: 117 (1995), not Neottia macrantha Sweet (1830)
= Neottia tatakaensis T.C.Hsu & H.C.Hung; Ill. Fl. Taiwan 2: 130 (2016)
species :
Neottia wuyishanensis
B.Hua Chen & X.H.Jin; Pl. Diversity 43(5): 427 (2021)
Distribution: China (Fujian)
36 CHI
species :
Neottia yunnanensis
(S.C.Chen) Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 119 (1995)
Distribution: China (SE-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera yunnanensis S.C.Chen; Kew Bull. 35(4): 759 (1981)
species :
Neottia ×veltmanii
(Case) Baumbach; Orchidee (Hamburg) 60(4): 333 (2009)
Distribution: Canada (New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Labrador, Québec); USA (Michigan, Wisconsin)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA
Remarks: Neottia auriculata x convallarioides
Synonyms: hidden
= Listera ×veltmanii Case; Michigan Bot. 3: 67-70 (1964)