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Ver. 25.03
Mar. 6th, 2025

503.0000 Family Plantaginaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 89 (1789), nom. cons.
93 genera, ca. 2050 spp.
Species listed in database: 2093; hybrids: 91
= Antirrhinaceae Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 154, 640 (1807)
= Aragoaceae D.Don; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 19: 109, 113 (1835)
= Callitrichaceae Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 7 (1821), nom. cons.
= Chelonaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 124 (1820)
= Digitalidaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 202 (1820)
= Ellisiophyllaceae Honda; Daikou Nippon Shokubutsu Bunraigaku (Syst. Pl. Japon.): 372 (1930)
= Erinaceae Pfeiff.; Nomencl. Bot. [Pfeiffer] 1: 1236 (1874)
= Globulariaceae DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 3: 427 (1805), nom. cons.
= Gratiolaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 294 (1820)
= Hippuridaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 265, 278 (1818), nom. cons.
= Linariaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 243 (1820)
= Littorellaceae Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 290, 294 (1822)
= Oxycladaceae Schnizl.; Iconogr. Fam. Regni Veg. 2: ad t. 151xx (1857-1870)
= Psylliaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 69 (1834)
= Sibthorpiaceae D.Don; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 19: 114 (1835)
= Trapellaceae Honda & Sakis.; Daikou Nippon Shokubutsu Bunraigaku [Syst. Pl. Japon.]: 378 (1930)
= Veronicaceae Cassel; Lehrb. Nat. Pflanzenord. 366 (1817)
503.3022 Genus Misopates Raf.; Autik. Bot. 158 (1840), Pennell in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 48: 95 (1921)
Distribution: Cape Verde Isl., Mediterranean through Asia Minor to NW-India, Ethiopia, Malawi
Species listed in database: 8
= Agorrhinum Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 126 (1869)
species :
Misopates calycinum (Lange) Rothm.; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 136: 112 (1956)
Name: Kelch-Katzenmaul (DE); Conejito palido (ES)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; France; Sardinia; SE-Italy; Sicily; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Fuerteventura)
11 ger 12 FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ITA SIC 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 CNY MDR
Synonyms: hidden
= Antirrhinum calycinum f. leiocarpum Pau; Mem. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 12(5): 367 (1924)
= Antirrhinum calycinum var. leiocarpum (Pau) Font Quer
= Antirrhinum calycinum Vent.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 4: 365 (1797), nom. illeg.
= Antirrhinum grandiflorum (Chav.) Batt. & Trab.; (1878)
= Antirrhinum jamaicense Fisch. ex Colla; Herb. Pedem. 4: 320 (1835)
= Antirrhinum orontium f. leiocarpum Pau; Mem. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 12: 367 (1924)
= Antirrhinum orontium proles calycinum (Lange) Samp.; Man. Fl. Port. 403 (1914)
= Antirrhinum orontium subsp. calycinum (Lange) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 537 (1881)
= Antirrhinum orontium subsp. calycinum Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 508 (1882)
= Antirrhinum orontium subvar. leiocarpum (Pau) Jahand. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 679 (1934)
= Antirrhinum orontium var. calycinum f.elegans (Ten.) Bég.; (1902)
= Antirrhinum orontium var. calycinum Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 582 (1870)
= Antirrhinum orontium var. grandiflorum Chav.; Monogr. Antirrh. 90, t. 4 (1833)
= Antirrhinum orontium var. leiocarpum Pau; Mem. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 12: 367 (1924)
= Antirrhinum theodori Sennen & Mauricio; Cat. Fl. Rif Orient. 85, nomen (1933), et Diagn. Nouv. Espagne & Maroc. 1928-35, 239 (1936)
= Misopates orontium var. grandiflorum (Chav.) Valdés; Lagascalia 14(1): 156 (1986)
= Orontium calycinum (Vent.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 158 (1806)
species :
Misopates chrysothales (Font Quer) Rothm.; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 52: 34 (1943)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Antirrhinum chrysothales (Pau) Maire; Cavanillesia 2: 176 (1930), nom. illeg.
= Antirrhinum chrysothales Font Quer; Cavanillesia 1: 47 (1928), nomen, Maire in Cavanillesia 2: 176 (1930)
= Antirrhinum orontium var. chrysothales Pau
species :
Misopates fontqueri (Emb.) Ibn Tattou; Bocconea 8: 171 (1998)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Antirrhinum font-queri Emb.; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 15: 217 (1935)
species :
Misopates marraicum D.A.Sutton; Revis. Tribe Antirrhineae [Sutton] 153 (1988)
Distribution: Sudan
24 SUD
species :
Misopates microcarpum (Pomel) D.A.Sutton; Revis. Tribe Antirrhineae [Sutton] 151 (1988)
Distribution: SE-Spain; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt; Chad
12 SPA 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 24 CHA
Synonyms: hidden
= Antirrhinum burnatii Sennen & Mauricio; Cat. Fl. Rif Orient. 85 (1933), nomen
= Antirrhinum gracile Reut. ex Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 582 (1870), nom. inval.
= Antirrhinum microcarpum Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 99 (1874)
= Antirrhinum nanum Debeaux ex Rouy; (1882)
= Antirrhinum orontium subsp. microcarpum (Pomel) Batt.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Dicot. 1(4): 635 (1890)
= Antirrhinum orontium var. abyssinicum Jahand. & Maire; (1934)
= Antirrhinum orontium var. burnatii Maire & Sennen; Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 679 (1934) [nom. inval.]
= Antirrhinum orontium var. microcarpum (Pomel) Bonnet & Barratte; Cat. Pl. Cell Tunisie 315 (1896)
= Antirrhinum orontium var. nanum Gaut. ex Debeaux; Rech. Fl. Pyr. Orient. 1: 88 (1878)
= Antirrhinum orontium var. parviflorum Lange; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, Ser. 2, 4: 35 (1863)
= Misopates nanum (Gaut. ex Debeaux) Franco; Mem. Soc. Brot. 21: 257 (1971)
species :
Misopates oranense (Faure) D.A.Sutton; Revis. Tribe Antirrhineae [Sutton] 148 (1988)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Antirrhinum orontium var. flavum Batt. & Pit.; Contr. Fl. Maroc (Tours)27 (1918)
= Antirrhinum orontium var. oranense Faure; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 14: 294 (1923)
species :
Misopates orontium (L.) Raf.; Autik. Bot. 158 (1840), Pennell, in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 48: 95 (1921)
subspecies :
subsp. orontium
Name: Gewöhnliches Katzenmaul, Gewöhnliches Ackerlöwenmaul (DE); Weasel´s-snout (EN); Conejito menor (ES)
Distribution: England (England, Wales, Isle of Man, Scotland); Denmark [I]; Sweden [I]; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, +Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland [I]; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Monaco; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread lowlands, incl. most islands); Crete; C-European Russia [I]; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria (incl. Hoggar); Tunisia; Libya (incl. Tibesti); Egypt (Eastern Desert, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, Nile Delta, NW-coastal Egypt, SE-Egypt); Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Porto Santo Isl.); Islas Selvagens; Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Ilha de Sao Tiago); Djibouti [I]; Soqotra [I]; South Africa [I]; Madagascar [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos, Kastellorhizo Isl.); Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq; Iran (W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (W-Israel, N-Negev Desert, Rift Valley, W-Israel, SC-Israel); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (N-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Asir, Nejd Desert); Kuwait; Bahrain; Qatar [I]; United Arab Emirates; Oman (Mascat & Oman); Yemen (W-Yemen); Nepal [I]; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I]); Norfolk Isl. [I]; New Zealand [I]; Hawaii [I] (Oahu [I], Maui [I], Kahoolawe); Alaska [I]; Canada [I] (Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (California [I], Connecticut [I], Florida [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Kentucky [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Washington State [I]); Jamaica [I]; Haiti [I]; Ecuador [I]; Bolivia [I]; Brazil [I]; Argentina [I]
10 den GRB swe 11 AUT BGM GER HUN LIE LUX NET pol SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL CIS COR FRA GIB MCO POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA PEL PTL ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 KRY rus UKR 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY CVI MDR SEL 24 dji soc 27 saf 29 mau mdg reu 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 BAR KUW OMA qat SAU UAE YEM 40 nep 50 aus nfk 51 nzl 63 haw 70 ask 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa 81 his jam 83 bol ecu 84 bra 85 arg
Synonyms: hidden
= Agorrhinum orontium (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 126 (1869)
= Antirrhinum arvense (Pers.) Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 1: 324 (1897) nom. illeg.
= Antirrhinum breviflorum Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 137 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Antirrhinum calycinum var. rubrum Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 1: 263 (1813)
= Antirrhinum craniolare Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 3: 383 (1812)
= Antirrhinum elegans Ten.; Succ. Relaz. Viaggio Abruzzo 175 (1830)
= Antirrhinum humile Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 98 (1796)
= Antirrhinum multibracteatum Brot. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 109 (1840)
= Antirrhinum orontium f. elegans (Ten.) Bég.; Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 426 (1902)
= Antirrhinum orontium L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 617 (1753)
= Antirrhinum purpureum Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 374 (1867), nom. illeg.
= Antirrhinum variabile Link ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel] 1: 57 (1821)
= Misopates orontium subsp. pusillus (Molero) Mateo & M.B.Crespo; Claves Fl. Valenciana 307 (1990)
= Misopates orontium var. pusillus Molero; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 16(1): 157 (1985)
= Misopates pontiense Mateu; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 137(4): 421 (2001)
= Orontium arvense Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 158 (1806)
= Orontium arvense var. album Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 324 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Orontium vulgare J.F.Lehm.; 43 (1809), nom. illeg.
variant :
var. foliosum (Schmidt) Ormonde; Garcia de Orta, Ser. Bot. 4(2): 180 (1980)
Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl.)
21 CVI
Synonyms: hidden
= Antirrhinum orontium var. foliosum J.A.Schmidt; Beitr. Fl. Cap Verd. Ins. 243 (1852)
subspecies :
subsp. gibbosum (Wall.) D.A.Sutton; Revis. Tribe Antirrhineae [Sutton] 147 (1988)
Distribution: Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Soqotra; Uganda; Kenya; Afghanistan (Kabul, Laghman); Saudi Arabia; India (Bihar, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajashtan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand); Vietnam
24 ERI ETH SOC SUD 25 KEN UGA 34 AFG 35 SAU 40 IND 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Antirrhinum gibbosum Wall.; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 2: 44 (1831)
= Antirrhinum indicum Royle ex Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 595 (1878)
= Antirrhinum orontium var. abyssinicum Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 114 (1850)
= Antirrhinum orontium var. brevifolium Post; Fl. Syria 587 (1896)
= Antirrhinum orontium var. indicum Royle ex Chav.; Monogr. Antirrh. 90 (1833)
= Antirrhinum orontium var. parviflorum Nábelek; (1926)
species :
Misopates salvagense D.A.Sutton; Revis. Tribe Antirrhineae [Sutton] 151 (1988)
Name: Selvagens-Ackerlöwenmäulchen (DE); Conejito selvagense (ES)
Distribution: +Islas Selvagens; Canary Isl. (Hierro, Fuerteventura, Lanzarote)
21 CNY SEL
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.03 (March 6th, 2025)

Covering 356,112 accepted species,
8,776 hybrids, 48,085 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,454 synonyms,
in total 1,415,427* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life