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Ver. 25.03
Mar. 6th, 2025

480.0000 Family Boraginaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 128 (1789), nom. cons., s. str.
118 genera, ca. 2000 spp.
Species listed in database: 2043; hybrids: 46
= Anchusaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 274, 302 (1818)
= Cerinthaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 244 (1820)
= Cynoglossaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. 406 (1843)
= Echiaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 2: 61 (1837)
= Onosmaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 437 (1820)
480.2156 Genus Maharanga A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 71 (1846)
Distribution: Iran and Afghanistan (few) through Tibet and S-Himalayas to N-Indochina
Species listed in database: 42
species :
Maharanga adenopus (I.M.Johnst.) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 16 (2021)
Distribution: China (C-Sichuan, NW-Sichuan, SW-Sichuan); E-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma adenopus I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 32: 224 (1951)
species :
Maharanga alba (W.W.Sm. & Jeffrey) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 16 (2021)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma alba W.W.Sm. & Jeffrey; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 9: 112 (1916)
species :
Maharanga bheriensis (H.Hara) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 16 (2021)
Distribution: Nepal
40 NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma bheriense H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 51(1): 10 (1976)
= Onosma nepalica Kazmi; Sultania 3: 1 (1977)
species :
Maharanga bhutanica I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 37: 301 (1956)
Distribution: Bhutan
40 BHU
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma bhutanica (Johnst.) Grierson & D.G.Long; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 36(1): 145 (1978)
species :
Maharanga bicolor (Wall. ex G.Don) A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 71 (1846)
Distribution: SW-Tibet (Gyirong Shan); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, Chumbi, Arunachal Pradesh)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma bicolor Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 939 (1829) ex G. Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 317., descr. (1837)
species :
Maharanga borii (C.E.C.Fisch.) I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 35: 81 (1954)
Distribution: India (Nagaland)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma borii C.E.C.Fisch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1940: 38 (1940)
species :
Maharanga bracteata (Wall.) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 16 (2021)
Distribution: Nepal; NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand); Myanmar (widespread)
40 IND NEP 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma bracteata Wall.; Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 2: 13 (1824)
= Onosma dolichouta W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 36: 321 (2016)
= Onosma macrocephala D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 99 (1825)
species :
Maharanga burmanica (Collett & Hemsl.) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 16 (2021)
Distribution: Myanmar (widespread)
41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma burmanica Collett & Hemsl.; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 28: 94 (1890)
species :
Maharanga cingulata (W.W.Sm. & Jeffrey) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 16 (2021)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma cingulata W.W.Sm. & Jeffrey; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 9: 112 (1916)
= Onosma tsiangii I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 32: 356 (1951)
species :
Maharanga conferta (W.W.Sm.) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 16 (2021)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma conferta W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8: 106 (1913)
= Onosma forrestii W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8: 107 (1913)
species :
Maharanga decasticha (Y.L.Liu) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 17 (2021)
Distribution: China (C-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma decasticha Y.L.Liu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18: 67 (1980)
species :
Maharanga dumetorum (I.M.Johnst.) I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 35: 81 (1954)
Distribution: China (SW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma dumetorum I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 32: 361 (1951)
species :
Maharanga exserta (Hemsl.) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 17 (2021)
Distribution: China (Guizhou, SW-Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma exserta Hemsl.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 27: t. 2637 (1900)
species :
Maharanga fistulosa (I.M.Johnst.) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 17 (2021)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma fistulosa I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 32: 222 (1951)
species :
Maharanga glomerata (Y.L.Liu) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 17 (2021)
Distribution: Tibet
36 TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma glomerata Y.L.Liu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18: 66 (1980)
species :
Maharanga griersonii (R.R.Mill) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 17 (2021)
Distribution: Bhutan
40 BHU
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma griersonii R.R.Mill; Edinburgh J. Bot. 51(2): 145 (1994)
species :
Maharanga hookeri (C.B.Clarke) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 17 (2021)
Distribution: Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, Chumbi)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma hookeri C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 178 (1883)
= Onosma hookeri subsp. wardii Stapf; Bot. Mag. 155: t. 9254 (1931), nom. illeg.
= Onosma hookeri var. intermedia I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 32: 350 (1951)
= Onosma hookeri var. longiflora (Duthie) Duthie ex Stapf; Bot. Mag. 155: t. 9254 (1931)
= Onosma longiflora Duthie; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1912: 40 (1912)
variant :
var. hirsuta (Y.L.Liu) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 17 (2021)
Distribution: Tibet (Lhasa Shi)
36 TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma hookeri var. hirsuta Y.L.Liu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18: 66 (1980)
species :
Maharanga hypoleuca (I.M.Johnst.) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 18 (2021)
Distribution: Pakistan (Swat, Hazara); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir)
40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma hypoleuca I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 32: 220 (1951)
species :
Maharanga incanescens (DC.) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 18 (2021)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma incanescens DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 58 (1846)
species :
Maharanga intricata (Riedl & Freitag) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 18 (2021)
Distribution: Afghanistan
34 AFG
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma intricata Riedl & Freitag; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 120(1-2): 137 (1972)
species :
Maharanga lhokaensis (Y.He & Q.R.Liu) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 18 (2021)
Distribution: Tibet
36 TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma lhokaensis Y.He & Q.R.Liu; Nordic J. Bot. 36(6)-e01770: 3 (2018)
species :
Maharanga limitanea (I.M.Johnst.) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 18 (2021)
Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, S-Iran, SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Farah, Ghorat, Helmand, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Paktia / Khost); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)
34 AFG IRN 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma johnstonii Riedl; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 48: 183 (1967)
= Onosma limitanea I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 32: 354 (1951)
= Onosma limitanea var. parviflora I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 32: 354 (1951)
variant :
var. major (I.M.Johnst.) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 18 (2021)
Distribution: Afghanistan; Pakistan (Baluchistan)
34 AFG 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma limitanea var. major I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 32: 354 (1951)
species :
Maharanga luquanensis (Y.L.Liu) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 18 (2021)
Distribution: China (N-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma luquanense Y.L.Liu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18: 67 (1980)
species :
Maharanga lycopsioides (C.E.C.Fisch.) I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 35: 81 (1954)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); Nepal; India (Nagaland); Thailand
36 CHI 40 IND NEP 41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Maharanga verruculosa (I.M.Johnst.) I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 35: 81 (1954)
= Onosma lycopsioides C.E.C.Fisch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1940: 39 (1940)
= Onosma verruculosum I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 32: 356 (1951)
species :
Maharanga maaikangensis (W.T.Wang) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 18 (2021)
Distribution: China (Sichuan); E-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma liui Kamelin & T.N.Popova; Novon 3: 261 (1993)
= Onosma maaikangensis W.T.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18: 64 (1980)
= Onosma strigosa Y.L.Liu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(1): 65 (1980), not Steven (1851)
species :
Maharanga microstoma (I.M.Johnst.) I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 35: 81 (1954)
Distribution: China (SW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma microstoma I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 32: 360 (1951)
species :
Maharanga multiramosa (Hand.-Mazz.) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 18 (2021)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); E-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma multiramosa Hand.-Mazz.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 61: 166 (1924)
= Onosma multiramosa var. mekongensis I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 32: 223 (1951)
species :
Maharanga nangqenensis (Y.L.Liu) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 18 (2021)
Distribution: China (S-Qinghai)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma nangqenense Y.L.Liu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18: 68 (1980)
species :
Maharanga paniculata (Bureau & Franch.) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 18 (2021)
Distribution: China (W-Guizhou, SW-Sichuan, W-Sichuan, C-Yunnan, NW-Yunnan); Bhutan; N-India (Chumbi, Arunachal Pradesh)
36 CHI 40 BHU IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma oblongifolia W.W.Sm. & Jeffrey; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 9: 113 (1916)
= Onosma paniculata Bureau & Franch.; J. Bot. [Morot] 5: 104 (1891)
= Onosma paniculata var. hirsutistyla Lingelsh. & Borza; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 389 (1914)
species :
Maharanga platyphylla (Riedl) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 18 (2021)
Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma platyphylla Riedl; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 109: 238 (1962)
species :
Maharanga pyramidalis (Hook.f.) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 18 (2021)
Distribution: Nepal; N-India (Uttarakhand)
40 IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma pyramidalis Hook.f.; Bot. Mag. t. 6987 (1888)
species :
Maharanga sinica (Diels) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 19 (2021)
Distribution: China (S-Gansu, N-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma sinica Diels; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 547 (1900)
= Onosma potaninii Popov; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 14: 288 (1951)
variant :
var. farreri (I.M.Johnst.) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 19 (2021)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Shaanxi)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma farreri I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 32: 345 (1951)
= Onosma sinica var. farreri (I.M.Johnst.) W.T.Wang & Y.L.Liu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(1): 70 (1980)
species :
Maharanga squamulifera Riedl; Novon 4(4): 394 (1994)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Maharanga stenosiphon (Boiss.) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 19 (2021)
Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, S-Iran, SW-Iran)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma aurantiaca Parsa; Kew Bull. 3(2): 212 (1948) non Janka ex Boiss.
= Onosma stenosiphon Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 7: 35 (1846)
= Onosma stenosiphon var. glabriuscula Parsa; Kew Bull. 3: 213 (1948)
species :
Maharanga thomsonii (C.B.Clarke) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 19 (2021)
Distribution: Pakistan (Swat, Hazara, Murree, Kotli); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir); Myanmar (Sagaing)
40 IND PAK 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma thomsonii C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 178 (1883)
species :
Maharanga vestita (Wall. ex G.Don) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 19 (2021)
Distribution: SE-Tibet; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam)
36 TIB 40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma vestita Wall. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 317 (1837)
= Onosma vestitum Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 937 (1829), nomen
variant :
var. stelligera (I.M.Johnst.) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 19 (2021)
Distribution: Bhutan
40 BHU
Synonyms: hidden
= Maharanga emodi var. stelligera Johnst.
= Onosma emodi var. stelligera (I.M.Johnst.) R.R.Mill; Edinburgh J. Bot. 53(1): 122 (1996)
species :
Maharanga waddellii (Duthie) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 19 (2021)
Distribution: Tibet; Nepal
36 TIB 40 NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma brachylinum (I.M.Johnst.) I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 37: 300 (1956)
= Onosma waddellii Duthie; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1912: 41 (1912)
= Onosma waddellii f. latifolia W.T.Wang; Guihaia 30(4): 431 (2010)
= Onosma waddellii var. brachylinum I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 32: 345 (1951)
species :
Maharanga wallichiana DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 71 (1846)
Distribution: Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; NE-India (Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Maharanga emodi (Wall.) A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 71 (1846)
= Onosma emodi Wall.; Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 2: 11 (1824) et Numer. List. no. 940 (1829)
= Onosma wallichiana (DC.) Benth. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 179 (1883)
variant :
var. egregia (I.M.Johnst.) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 19 (2021)
Distribution: Nepal; India (Uttarakhand, Kumaon)
40 IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Maharanga egregia (I.M.Johnst.) I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 35: 81 (1954)
= Onosma egregium I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 32: 366 (1951)
= Onosma wallichiana var. egregia (I.M.Johnst.) Yonek.; Fl. Mustang [Nepal] 240 (2008)
species :
Maharanga waltonii (Duthie) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 20 (2021)
Distribution: Tibet (Jiangzi Shan)
36 TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma waltonii Duthie; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1912: (1912)
species :
Maharanga wardii (W.W.Sm.) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 20 (2021)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan, W-Yunnan, Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma hookeri var. wardii W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 9(42): 113 (1916)
= Onosma wardii (W.W.Sm.) I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 32: 215 (1951)
= Onosma mertensioides I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 32: 353 (1951)
species :
Maharanga yajiangensis (W.T.Wang) L.Cecchi & Hilger; Pl. Biosystems 156(5): App. S1, 20 (2021)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma yajiangensis W.T.Wang ex Y.L.Liu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18: 64 (1980)
species :
Maharanga xiangchengensis (W.T.Wang) comb.ined.
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name, status unconfirmed
Synonyms: hidden
= Onosma xiangchengensis W.T.Wang; Guihaia 30(4): 429 (2010)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.03 (March 6th, 2025)

Covering 356,112 accepted species,
8,776 hybrids, 48,085 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,454 synonyms,
in total 1,415,427* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life