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Ver. 25.01
Jan. 21th, 2024

404.0000 Family Cactaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 310 (1789), nom. cons.
133 genera, ca. 1700-1800 spp. There has been excessive splitting, leading to over 3000 species in some collectors view. The phylogeny is still somewhat in flux, but is getting more stabilized now. It should be good practice in the future that each ´new species´ description is confirmed by molecular genetics, not only by morphology.
Species listed in database: 1796; hybrids: 77
= Cereaceae DC. & Spreng.(transl.Jameson); Elem. Philos. Pl. 142 (1821)
= Nopaleaceae Schmid & Curtman; Pflanzenr. 2: 135 (1856)
= Opuntiaceae Desv.; S. Gérardin de Mirecourt & N. A. Desvaux, Dict. Rais. Bot. 52, 385 (1817)
404.5852 Genus Harrisia Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35: 561 (1908)
Distribution: in three disjunct centers: E-Brazil, Caribbean, Gran Chaco. Revision and molecular investigation see Franck (2016)
Species listed in database: 17
= Brasiliharrisia Guiggi; Cactology 5(Suppl. 15): 7 (2024)
= Eriocereus Riccob.; Boll. Reale Orto Bot. Palermo 8: 238 (1909)
= Erythrocereus Houghton; Calyx 5: 96 (1996)
= Roseocereus (Backeb.) Backeb.; Blätt. Kakteenf. 5(6): 6 (1938)
= Serrulatocereus Guiggi; Cactology 5(Suppl. 6): 1 (2018)
species :
Harrisia adscendens (Gürke) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 2: 155 (1920)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Piauí, Ceara, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Brasiliharrisia adscendens (Gürke) Guiggi; Cactology 5(Suppl. 15): 7 (2024)
= Cereus adscendens Gürke; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 18: 66 (1908)
= Cereus platygonus Salm-Dyck; Cact. Hort. Dyck., ed. 2: 199 (1850)
= Eriocereus adscendens (Gürke) A.Berger; Kakteen [Berger] 129, 341 (1929)
= Eriocereus platygonus (Salm-Dyck) Riccob.; Boll. Reale Orto Bot. Palermo 8: 242 (1909)
= Harrisia platygona (Salm-Dyck) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 2: 156 (1920), nom. rej. prop.
species :
Harrisia bonplandii (J.Parm. ex Pfeiff.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 2: 157 (1920)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Concepcion, Cordillera, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes, San Pedro); Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, Salta, Santa Fe)
84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Cereus balansae K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 4(2): 210 (1890)
= Cereus bonplandii J.Parm. ex Pfeiff.; Enum. Diagn. Cact. 108 (1837)
= Cereus bonplandii var. brevispinus C.A.Maass; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 15: 119 (1905)
= Cereus bonplandii var. pomanensis F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.; Gesamtbeschr. Kakt. 137 (1897)
= Cereus guelichii Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, Ser. 2, 11: 482 (1905), et ex Weing., Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 19: 17 (1909)
= Cereus pomanensis var. grossei Graebener; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 19: 137 (1909)
= Echinopsis balansae (K.Schum.) Anceschi & Magli; Cactus in Habitat S. Amer. 2011/2013: 37 (2013)
= Eriocereus bonplandii (J.Parm. ex Pfeiff.) Riccob.; Boll. Reale Orto Bot. Palermo 8: 238 (1909)
= Eriocereus guelichii (Speg.) A.Berger; Kakteen [Berger] 130, 341 (1929)
= Eriocereus tortuosus subsp. pomanensis (F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.) Guiggi; Cactology 5(Suppl. 15): 7 (2024)
= Harrisia balansae (K.Schum.) N.P.Taylor & Zappi; Cactaceae Consensus Init. 3: 7 (1997)
= Harrisia guelichii (Speg.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 2: 158 (1920)
= Harrisia pomanensis subsp. bonplandii (J.Parm. ex Pfeiff.) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherlands) 74: 131 (1995)
species :
Harrisia brookii Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35: 564 (1908 publ. 1909)
Name: Brooks dildo (Bahamas)
Distribution: Bahamas (Long Isl., Eleuthera Isl.)
81 BAH
Synonyms: hidden
= Cereus brookii (Britton) Vaupel; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 23: 24, 57 (1913)
species :
Harrisia caymanensis A.R.Franck; Haseltonia 18: 98 (2012)
Distribution: Honduras (Swan Isl.); Cayman Isl.
80 HON 81 CAY
Synonyms: hidden
= Harrisia brookii subsp. caymanensis (A.R.Franck) Guiggi; Cactology 5(Suppl. 15): 8 (2024)
species :
Harrisia divaricata (Lam.) Backeb.; Cactaceae [Backeberg] 4: 2101 (1960)
Name: Pitahaya, Yaso (Dominican Republic), Catastres (Haiti)
Distribution: Hispaniola (Haiti)
81 HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Cactus divaricatus Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 540 (1785)
= Cephalocereus hermentianus (Monv. ex Lem.) Britton & Rose; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12: 416 (1909)
= Cereus divaricatus (Lam.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 3: 466 (1828)
= Cereus divergens Pfeiff.; Enum. Diagn. Cact. 95 (1837)
= Cereus fimbriatus Pfeiff.; Enum. Diagn. Cact. 95 (1837), nom. illeg.
= Cereus hermentianus Monv. ex Lem.; Ill. Hort. 6(Misc.): 90 (1859)
= Cereus nashii (Britton) Vaupel; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 23: 27, 57 (1913)
= Harrisia divaricata (Lam.) Lourteig; Bradea 5(44): 407 (1991)
= Harrisia nashii Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35: 564 (1908 publ. 1909)
= Harrisia nashii var. straminea W.T.Marshall; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 15: 3 (1943)
= Pilocereus albispinus Salm-Dyck ex C.F.Först. & Rümpler; Handb. Cacteenk., ed. 2 [Rümpler] 649 (1885)
= Pilocereus divaricatus (Lam.) Lem.; Rev. Hort. (Paris), Sér. 4, 11: 427 (1862)
= Pilocereus hermentianus (Monv. ex Lem.) Lem.; Cactées 63 (1868)
= Pilosocereus hermentianus (Monv. ex Lem.) Byles & G.D.Rowley; Cact. Succ. J. Gr. Brit. 19: 67 (1957)
species :
Harrisia earlei Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 2: 154 (1920)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
species :
Harrisia eriophora (Pfeiff.) Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35: 562 (1908 publ. 1909)
Name: Fragrant Prickly Apple
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Cereus eriophorus Pfeiff.; Enum. Diagn. Cact. 94 (1837), nom. cons. prop.
= Cereus cubensis Zucc. ex Seitz; Allg. Gartenzeitung [Otto & Dietrich] 2: 244 (1834), nom. utique rej.
= Cereus subrepandus Pfeiff.; Enum. Diagn. Cact. 86 (1837), nom. illeg.
= Eriocereus subrepandus Riccob.; Boll. Reale Orto Bot. Palermo 8: 243 (1909)
= Harrisia cubensis (Zucc. ex Seitz) Greuter & R.Rankin; Espermat. Cuba Invent. Prelim. XII (2016)
species :
Harrisia fernowii Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35: 562 (1908 publ. 1909)
Name: Jijira (Cuba)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Cereus eriophorus var. laeteviridis Salm-Dyck ex Pfeiff.; Enum. Diagn. Cact. 94 (1837)
= Cereus taylorii (Britton) Vaupel; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 23: 37, 57 (1913)
= Harrisia eriophora subsp. fernowii (Britton) Guiggi; Cactology 5(Suppl. 15): 8 (2024)
= Harrisia taylorii Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35: 565 (1908 publ. 1909)
species :
Harrisia fragrans Small; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 2: 149 (1920)
subspecies :
subsp. fragrans
Name: Queen of the Night, Simpson´s Prickly Apple
Distribution: USA (S-Florida, Florida Keys)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cereus eriophorus var. fragrans (Small ex Britton & Rose) L.D.Benson; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 41: 126 (1969)
= Cereus fragrans (Small ex Britton & Rose) Little; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 33: 496 (1945)
= Cereus gracilis var. simpsonii (Small ex Britton & Rose) L.D.Benson; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 41: 126 (1969)
= Harrisia eriophora var. fragrans (Small ex Britton & Rose) D.B.Ward; Novon 14(3): 366 (2004)
= Harrisia gracilis var. simpsonii (Small ex Britton & Rose) D.B.Ward; Novon 14: 367 (2004)
= Harrisia simpsonii Small ex Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 2: 152 (1920)
subspecies :
subsp. aboriginum (Small ex Britton & Rose) Guiggi; Cactology 5(Suppl. 8): 5 (2020)
Name: Aboriginal Prickly Apple, Yellow Prickly Apple
Distribution: USA (Florida: Tampa Bay to Lee County)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cereus aboriginum (Small ex Britton & Rose) Little; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 33: 495 (1945)
= Cereus gracilis var. aboriginum (Small ex Britton & Rose) L.D.Benson; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 41: 126 (1969)
= Harrisia aboriginum Small ex Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 2: 154 (1920)
= Harrisia donae-antoniae Hooten; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 63(2): 65 (1991)
= Harrisia gracilis var. aboriginum (Small ex Britton & Rose) D.B.Ward; Novon 14(3): 366 (2004)
species :
Harrisia gracilis (Mill.) Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35: 563 (1908 publ. 1909)
Name: Jijira (Cuba), Torchwood dildo (Jamaica)
Distribution: Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica
81 CAY CUB JAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Cactus gracilis (Mill.) Weston; Bot. Univ. 1: 33 (1770)
= Cactus subrepandus (Haw.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 495 (1825)
= Cereus gracilis Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 8 (1768)
= Cereus imbricatus Pfeiff.; Enum. Diagn. Cact. 93 (1837), nom. illeg.
= Cereus subrepandus Haw.; Suppl. Pl. Succ. 78 (1819), nom. utique rej.
= Echinopsis gracilis (Mill.) Molinari & Mayta; Succulentopia 14: 11 (2015)
= Harrisia undata Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35: 564 (1908)
species :
Harrisia martinii (Labour.) Britton; Addisonia 2: 55 (1917)
Name: Moon Cactus
Distribution: Namibia [I]; South Africa [I] (W-Cape Prov. [I], KwaZulu-Natal [I]); Australia [I] (Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I]); Paraguay (Concepcion, Cordillera, Pres. Hayes); Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Santa Fe)
27 nam saf 50 aus 63 haw 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Cereus martinii Labour.; Ann. Soc. Hort. Haute-Garonne 1: 182 (1854)
= Cereus martinii var. perviridis Weing.; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 24: 72 (1914)
= Cereus monacanthus Cels ex K.Schum.; Gesamtbeschr. Kakt. 142 (1897), nom. inval.
= Echinopsis martinii (Labour.) Anceschi & Magli; Cactus in Habitat S. Amer. 2013/2021: 38 (2021)
= Eriocereus martinii (Labour.) Riccob.; Boll. Reale Orto Bot. Palermo 8: 241 (1909)
= Eriocereus perviridis (Weing.) Backeb.; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 178 (1935)
= Harrisia martinii var. perviridis Weing.
= Harrisia perviridis (Weing.) Borg; Cacti [Borg] 145 (1937)
= Pilocereus monacanthus Lawr.; Gard. Mag. & Reg. Rural Domest. Improv. 17: 319 (1841)
species :
Harrisia pomanensis (F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 2: 155 (1920)
Name: Midnight Lady
Distribution: Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I]); Bolivia; Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Pres. Hayes); Argentina (Catamarca, Cordoba, Formosa, Jujuy, La Rioja, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, Tucuman)
63 haw 83 BOL 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Cereus pomanensis F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.; Gesamtbeschr. Kakt. 136 (1897)
= Echinopsis pomanensis (F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.) Anceschi & Magli; Cactus in Habitat S. Amer. 2011/2013: 39 (2013)
= Eriocereus polyacanthus F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamerika 2: 436 (1980)
= Eriocereus pomanensis (F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.) A.Berger; Kakteen [Berger] 129 (1929)
= Eriocereus pomanensis var. uruguayensis (Osten) Backeb.; Cactaceae [Backeberg] 4: 2095 (1960), nom. inval.
= Eriocereus tarijensis F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamerika 2: 557 (1980)
= Harrisia pomanensis subsp. tarijensis (F.Ritter) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherlands) 74(3): 131 (1995)
= Harrisia tortuosa subsp. uruguayensis (Osten) Lodé; Cact.-Advent. Int. (Almeria) 97: 2 (2013 publ. 2012), nom. inval.
= Harrisia tortuosa var. uruguayensis Osten; Anales Mus. Hist. Nat. Montevideo, Ser. 2, 5(1): 66 (1941), anglice
species :
Harrisia portoricensis Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35: 563 (1908 publ. 1909)
Name: Higo chumbo (Puerto Rico)
Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic); +Puerto Rico (incl. Mona Isl.)
81 HIS PUE
Synonyms: hidden
= Cereus portoricensis (Britton) Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 4: 430 (1910)
= Harrisia divaricata subsp. portoricensis (Britton) Guiggi; Cactology 5(Suppl. 15): 8 (2024)
= Harrisia hurstii W.T.Marshall; Cactaceae [Marshall & Bock] 96 (1941)
species :
Harrisia regelii (Weing.) Borg; Cacti [Borg] 145 (1937)
Distribution: Uruguay (Artigas, Rio Negro); Argentina (Entre Rios, Santa Fe)
85 ARG URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Cereus regelii Weing.; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 20: 33 (1910)
= Eriocereus martini var. regelii (Weing.) W.T.Marshall; Cactaceae [Marshall & Bock] 98 (1941)
= Eriocereus martinii subsp. regelii (Weing.) Guiggi; Cactology 5(Suppl. 15): 7 (2024)
= Eriocereus regelii (Weing.) Backeb.; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 178 (1935), et Cactaceae [Backeberg] 4: 2093 (1960)
= Harrisia pomanensis subsp. regelii (Weing.) R.Kiesling; Darwiniana 34(1-4): 395 (1996)
species :
Harrisia taetra Areces; Rev. Jard. Bot. Nacion. Univ. Habana 1(1): 17 (1980 publ. 1981)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Harrisia eriophora subsp. taetra (Areces) Guiggi; Cactology 5(Suppl. 15): 8 (2024)
species :
Harrisia tetracantha (Labour.) D.R.Hunt; Bradleya 5: 92 (1987)
Distribution: Bolivia
83 BOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Cereus bolivianus (F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.) F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 12: 21 (1902)
= Cereus tephracanthus Link & Otto ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 336 (1840), sphalm.
= Cereus tetracanthus Labour.; Rev. Hort. (Paris), Sér. 4, 4: 25 (1855)
= Cereus tetracanthus var. bolivianus F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.; Gesamtbeschr. Kakt. 81 (1897)
= Echinopsis tetracantha (Labour.) Anceschi & Magli; Cactus in Habitat S. Amer. 2011/2013: 40 (2013)
= Eriocereus tetracanthus (Labour.) Riccob.; Boll. Reale Orto Bot. Palermo 8: 244 (1909)
= Eriocereus tetracanthus var. boliviensis (F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.) Backeb.; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 179 (1936)
= Roseocereus tetracanthus (Labour.) Backeb.; Cactaceae (Berlin) 1942(2): 30 (1942)
= Trichocereus tetracanthus (Labour.) Borg; Cacti [Borg] 137 (1937)
= Trichocereus tetracanthus var. bolivianus (F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.) Borg; Cacti [Borg] 137 (1937)
species :
Harrisia tortuosa (J.Forbes) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 2: 154 (1920)
Distribution: Australia [I] (Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); Bolivia; Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Cordillera); Uruguay (Artigas); Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Santa Fe)
50 aus 83 BOL 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Cereus arendtii Hildm. & Mathsson; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 4: 173 (1894)
= Cereus atropurpureus Hocay.; Cactencult. 91 (1916)
= Cereus tortuosus J.Forbes; J. Hort. Tour Germany 154 (1837)
= Eriocereus arendtii (Hildm. & Mathsson) F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamerika 1: 242 (1979)
= Eriocereus arendtii (K.Schum.) F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamerika 1: 242 (1979)
= Eriocereus tortuosus (J.Forbes) Riccob.; Boll. Reale Orto Bot. Palermo 8: 245 (1909)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.01 (January 21th, 2025)

Covering 355,968 accepted species,
8,748 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,228 synonyms,
in total 1,418,722* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life