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Ver. 25.03
Mar. 6th, 2025

134.0000 Family Orchidaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 64 (1789), nom. cons.
over 800 genera, more than 30.000 spp. worldwide, mostly tropical
Species listed in database: 30538; hybrids: 1461
= Apostasiaceae Lindl.; Nix. Pl. 22 (1833), nom. cons.
= Cypripediaceae Lindl.; Nix. Pl. 22 (1833)
= Limodoraceae Horan.; Char. Ess. Fam. 44 (1847)
= Liparidaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 567 (1895)
= Neottiaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 50 (1834)
= Neuwiediaceae R.Dahlgren ex Reveal & Hoogland; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia, Sér. 4, 13: 91 (1991)
= Ophrydaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 566 (1895)
= Pycnanthaceae Ravenna; Onira 12(6): 29 (2011)
= Vanillaceae Lindl.; Key Bot. 73 (1835)
134.5721 Genus Epipogium Borkh.; Tent. Disp. Pl. German. 139 (1792)
Distribution: Temperate Eurasia, 1 tropical Africa, tropical Asia, Malesia, tropical Australia, Melanesia eastward to New Caledonia and Vanuatu, 1 Russia to Far East
Species listed in database: 5; hybrids: 1
= Ceratopsis Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 383 (1840)
= Galera Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 415 (1825)
= Podanthera Wight; Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. [Wight] 5: 22 (1851)
species :
Epipogium aphyllum Sw.; Summa Veg. Scand. [O.P.Swartz] 32 (1814)
Name: Blattloser Widerbart (DE), Ghost Orchid (EN)
Distribution: +England (+C-England, +SE-Wales); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (+Brandenburg, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, +Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, +Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (rare mountains of N- & C-Greece); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; Ukraine; Crimea; European Russia (N-European Russia, C-European Russia); Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Primorye, Sakhalin); Northern Caucasus; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia, Kartli); Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Talysh); N-Turkey; ?NW-Iran; China (S-Gansu, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shanxi, NW-Sichuan, Xinjiang, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar
10 DEN FIN GRB NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA ROM SLV 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 JAP NKO TAI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Epipactis epipogium (L.) All.; Auct. Fl. Pedem. 32 (1789), isonym
= Epipactis epipogium (L.) Crantz; 477 (1769)
= Epipogium aphyllum f. albiflorum Y.N.Lee & K.S.Lee; Bull. Korea Pl. Res. 4: 5 (2004)
= Epipogium aphyllum var. stenochilum Hand.-Mazz.; Sitzungsber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl., Abt. 1, 3 (Dec.): 8 (1925)
= Epipogium epipogium (L.) H.Karst.; Deut. Fl. [Karsten] 455 (1881) [nom. inval.]
= Epipogium gmelinii Rich.; De Orchid. Eur. 36 (1817), nomen
= Epipogon epipogon (L.) A.Kern.; 105 (1893), nom. inval.
= Epipogon generalis E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 4: 10 (1905)
= Limodorum aphyllum (F.W.Schmidt) Sw.; Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. 6: 80 (1799)
= Limodorum epipogium (L.) Sw.; Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. 6: 80, t. 5, f. 4b (1799)
= Neottia epipogium (L.) Clairv.; 264 (1811)
= Orchis aphylla (Sw.) F.W.Schmidt; Samml. Phys.-Oekon. Aufsätze 1: 240 (1795) [non Forssk. (1775)]
= Satyrium epipogium L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 945 (1753)
= Serapias epipogium (L.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1: 766 (1821), as ´epigogium´
species :
Epipogium japonicum Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 18: 131 (1904)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan); Japan; C-Taiwan; India (West Bengal)
36 CHI 38 JAP TAI 40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Galera japonica (Makino) Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 25: 228 (1911)
species :
Epipogium kentingense T.P.Lin & Shu H.Wu; Taiwania 57(4): 378 (2012)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Epipogium roseum (D.Don) Lindl.; Proc. Linn. Soc. London 1: 177 (1857)
Name: Drooping Orchid
Distribution: Ghana; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Annobon Isl.; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; South Sudan; Uganda; Kenya; Angola; Malawi; China (Guangdong, Hainan, S-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Japan (Honshu, Kyushu, Yakushima Isl.); Ryukyu Isl. (Iriomote, Okinawa); C- & S-Taiwan; NE-Pakistan; Nepal; ?Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Sikkim, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Mandalay, Chin, Kachin); Thailand; Laos; peninsular Malaysia (Cameron Highlands, Pahan); Sumatra; Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah); Sulawesi; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Moluccas (Buru, Talaud); New Guinea (Papua New Guinea, Irian Jaya); Solomon Isl.; Australia (Queensland, New South Wales); New Zealand; New Caledonia (central); Vanuatu; Fiji
22 GHA NGA 23 ANN BIO CAF CMN ZAI 24 SSU 25 KEN UGA 26 ANG MLW 36 CHI TIB 38 JAP NNS 40 BAN IND NEP PAK SRL 41 LAO MYA THA 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI SUL SUM 43 SOL 50 AUS 51 NZL 60 FIJ NWC VAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Ceratopsis rosea (D.Don) Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 384 (1840)
= Epipogium dentilabellum Ohtani & S.Suzuki; Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. No. 6, 28 (1961)
= Epipogium guilfoylii F.Muell.; Fragm. [Mueller] 8: 30 (1873)
= Epipogium indicum H.J.Chowdhery, G.D.Pal & G.S.Giri; Nordic J. Bot. 13(4): 419 (1993)
= Epipogium kusukusense (Hayata) Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 4: 153 (1919)
= Epipogium lalashanense S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 5: 472 (2022)
= Epipogium nutans (Blume) Rchb.f.; Bonplandia (Hannover) 5: 36 (1857)
= Epipogium nutans var. celebicus Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 5 (1911)
= Epipogium poneranthum Fukuy.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 32: 243 (1942)
= Epipogium rolfei (Hayata) Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 5 (1911)
= Epipogium sessanum S.N.Hegde & A.N.Rao; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 3(2): 598 (1982)
= Epipogium sinicum C.L.Tso; Sunyatsenia 1: 132 (1933)
= Epipogium tuberosum Duthie; Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 9(2): 151 (1906)
= Epipogon africanum Schltr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 399 (1911)
= Epipogon kassnerianum Kraenzl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 51: 370 (1914)
= Epipogon kusukusense Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 4: 121 (1914)
= Epipogon makinoanum Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 4: 153 (1919)
= Epipogon nutans (Blume) Rolfe; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 7: 188 (1897) [non Rchb.f. (1906)]
= Galera kusukusensis Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 4: 121 (1914)
= Galera nutans Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 8: 416 (1825)
= Galera rolfei Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 348 (1911)
= Galera rosea (D.Don) Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 188 (1856)
= Gastrodia schinziana Kraenzl.; Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 74: 66 (1929)
= Limodorum roseum D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 30 (1825)
= Podanthera pallida Wight; Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. [Wight] 5: 22, t. 1759 (1852)
= Stereosandra schinziana (Kraenzl.) Garay; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 13: 32 (1954)
species :
Epipogium taiwanense T.C.Hsu; Ill. Fl. Taiwan 2: 26 (2016)
Distribution: China (Yunnan, Sichuan); Taiwan
36 CHI 38 TAI
species :
Epipogium ×meridianum T.P.Lin; Taiwania 63(3): 241 (2018)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: probably Epipogium kentingense x E. roseum
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.03 (March 6th, 2025)

Covering 356,112 accepted species,
8,776 hybrids, 48,085 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,454 synonyms,
in total 1,415,427* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life