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Ver. 25.01
Jan. 2nd, 2024

478.0000 Family Boraginaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. 128 (1789), nom. cons., s. str.
118 genera, ca. 2000 spp.
Species listed in database: 2042; hybrids: 46
= Anchusaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 274, 302 (1818)
= Cerinthaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 244 (1820)
= Cynoglossaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. 406 (1843)
= Echiaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 2: 61 (1837)
= Onosmaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 437 (1820)
478.2111 Genus Cerinthe L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 136 (1753)
Distribution: Europe, Mediterranean, Northern Caucasus, W-Siberia. Revision: Selvi & Cecchi 2009.
Species listed in database: 6
species :
Cerinthe glabra Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 2. (1768)
subspecies :
subsp. glabra
Name: Alpen-Wachsblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; NE-Spain (Pyrenees); France; Italy; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey (E-Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia)
11 AUT GER LIE POL SLO SWI 12 FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA MNT NMA ROM 33 GEO NCS 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Cerinthe alpina Kit. ex Schult.; Österr. Fl. ed. 2, 1: 353 (1814)
= Cerinthe alpina subsp. velebitica Degen & Lengyel; Degen, Fl. Veleb. 2: 578 (1937)
= Cerinthe aspera subsp. alpina (Kit. ex Schult.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 220 (1894)
= Cerinthe glabra subsp. caucasica Hadac; Galushko, Fl. Severn. Kavkaza Vopr. Ist. 3: 18 (1979)
= Cerinthe glabra subsp. pirinica (Stoj. & Acht.) Andrejev & Peev; Fl. Narodna Republ. Bulg. 9: 136 (1989)
= Cerinthe glabra subsp. pirinica (Stoj. & Acht.) N.Andreev & Peev; Fl. Narodna Republ. Bulg. 9: 136 (1989)
= Cerinthe glabra subsp. pyrenaica (Arv.-Touv.) Kerguélen; Index Synonym. Fl. France (Coll. Patrim. Nat., 8): xii (1993)
= Cerinthe glabra var. alpina (Kit. ex Schult.) St.-Lag.; Étude Fl., éd. 8 [A.Cariot], 2: 610 (1889)
= Cerinthe glabra var. pirinica Stoj. & Acht.; Izv. Prír. Inst. 2: 185 (1939)
= Cerinthe glabra var. pyrenaica (Arv.-Touv.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 280 (1908)
= Cerinthe glabra var. tatrica (Hadac) Grodzinska; Pawl., 150 (1963)
= Cerinthe major subsp. alpina (Schult.) Bonnier; Bonnier & R. C. V. Douin, 136 (1924)
= Cerinthe pyrenaica Arv.-Touv.; Ess. Fl. Dauphine 52 (1872)
= Cerinthe suevica M.Martens ex Rchb.; Iconogr. Bot. Pl. Crit. 5: 40 (1827)
subspecies :
subsp. smithiae (A.Kern.) Domac; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 65: 260 (1972)
Distribution: Croatia
13 CRO
Synonyms: hidden
= Cerinthe longiflora subsp. smithiae (A.Kern.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 513 (1881)
= Cerinthe smithiae A.Kern.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 23: 7 (1873)
species :
Cerinthe major L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 136 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. major
Name: Große Wachsblume (DE); Greater Honeywort (EN)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; San Marino; Croatia; ?Montenegro; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (lowlands of C- & S-Greece, most islands); Crete; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Kalimnos, Kos, Tilos, Simi, Karpathos, Rhodos); Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Cyprus; New Zealand [I]; Canada [I] (Québec [I])
11 ger 12 COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC ITA KRI MLT NMA SIC SMA TUE 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 34 CYP EAI TUR 51 nzl 72 cdn
Synonyms: hidden
= Ceranthe acuta (Moench) Opiz; Bercht., Oekon.-Techn. Fl. Böhm. 2(2): 67 (1839)
= Cerinthe acuta Moench; Methodus [Moench] 520 (1794)
= Cerinthe alpina Vis.; Fl. Dalmat., Suppl. 94 (1872), nom. illeg.
= Cerinthe aperta Clairv.; Man. Herbor. Suisse 53 (1811)
= Cerinthe aperta Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. 2(2): 64 (1907), nom. illeg.
= Cerinthe aspera Roth; Catal. Bot. 1: 33 (1797)
= Cerinthe aspera subsp. gymnandra (Gasp.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 483 (1882)
= Cerinthe glabra subsp. longiflora (Viv.) Kerguélen; Lejeunia, n. s. 120: 68 (1987)
= Cerinthe glauca Moench; 520 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Cerinthe gymnandra (Gasp.) Lojac.; Fl. Sic. 2(2): 64 (1907)
= Cerinthe gymnandra Gasp.; Rendiconti Reale Accad. Sci. Fis. 1: 72 (1863)
= Cerinthe gymnandra Tod. ex Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. 2(2): 64 (1907), nom. illeg.
= Cerinthe gymnandra var. dubia Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 22: 307 (1931)
= Cerinthe gymnandra var. iberica Caball.; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 5: 509 (1944)
= Cerinthe gymnandra var. macrosiphonia Murb.; Acta Univ. Lund. 34 (2,7): 17 (1898)
= Cerinthe gymnandra var. quichiotis Carrasco; Bot. Complutensis 18: 170 (1993)
= Cerinthe longiflora Viv.; App. Alt. Fl. Com. Prodr. 3 (1830)
= Cerinthe major f. pseudopallida Pamp.; Boll. Mus. Republ. San Marino 4: 116 (1920)
= Cerinthe major f. pseudosemipurpurea Pamp.; Boll. Mus. Republ. San Marino 4: 116 (1920)
= Cerinthe major subsp. elegans (Fiori) Giardina & Raimondo; Bocconea 20: 10 (2007)
= Cerinthe major subsp. gymnandra (Gasp.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 279 (1908)
= Cerinthe major var. elegans Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Italia 2: 267 (1926)
= Cerinthe major var. gymnandra (Gasp.) Ball; Spic. Moroc. 577 (1978)
= Cerinthe major var. gymnandra (Gasp.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 741 (1937)
= Cerinthe major var. macrosiphonia (Murb.) Jahand. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 603 (1934)
= Cerinthe strigosa Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 1: 340 (1831)
= Cerinthe versicolor Hallier ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 336 (1840)
subspecies :
subsp. oranensis (Batt.) Selvi & L.Cecchi; Taxon 58(4): 1317 (2009)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
20 ALG MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Cerinthe gymnandra subsp. oranensis (Batt.) Valdés; Willdenowia 41(2): 312 (2011)
= Cerinthe gymnandra var. oranensis (Batt.) Murb.; Acta Univ. Lund. 34(2,7): 18 (1898)
= Cerinthe major var. oranensis (Batt.) Jahand. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 603 (1934)
= Cerinthe oranensis Batt.; Bull. Assoc. franc. avanc. sci. (Congr. Toul.) (1887) extr. 6 t. 81, et Bull. Soc. Dauph. Ser. II 1: 24 (1890)
subspecies :
subsp. purpurascens (Boiss.) Selvi & L.Cecchi; Taxon 58(4): 1317 (2009)
Distribution: S-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cerinthe major var. purpurascens Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 421 (1841)
species :
Cerinthe minor L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 137 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. minor
Name: Kleine Wachsblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg [I], Bayern, Hessen, Niedersachsen [I], Nordrhein-Westfalen, Schleswig-Holstein [I], +Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; European Turkey; C-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; +Algeria; Siberia (Altai); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon)
11 AUT CZE GER HUN LIE POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ALB BIH CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB TUE 14 KRY RUS UKR 20 ALG 30 SIB 32 KAZ 33 ARM GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ LEB TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Cerinthe connivens Clairv.; Man. Herbor. Suisse 54 (1811)
= Cerinthe glabra Scop. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 513 (1881), nom. illeg.
= Cerinthe indigotisans Borbás; Ertes. Erdélyi Muz.-Egyl. Orv.-Term. Tud. Szakosztályából 1900: 250 (1900)
= Cerinthe lurida Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 116 (1796)
= Cerinthe macrophylla Boiss.; Pl. Orient. Nov. 2: 7 (1875)
= Cerinthe minor var. maculata Mert. & W.D.J.Koch; Deutschl. Fl. [Röhling] ed. 3, 2: 82 (1826)
= Cerinthe pseudoaspera Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 470 (1866)
= Cerinthe quinquemaculata Wahlenb.; Fl. Carpat. Princ. 51 (1814)
subspecies :
subsp. auriculata (Ten.) Domac; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 65: (1972)
Name: Geöhrte Kleine Wachsblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Spain [I]; SE-France; Italy; Sicily; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Albania; European Turkey; Greece (scattered in mainland, mostly North); Turkey; Lebanon; Syria
11 ger 12 FRA spa 13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA SIC TUE 34 LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Cerinthe auriculata Ten.; Index Sem. Hort. Neapol. 43 14 1830: 12 (1830)
= Cerinthe cilicica Kotschy ex Boiss.; Pl. Orient. Nov. 2: 7 (1875)
= Cerinthe glabra var. auriculata (Ten.) St.-Lag.; Étude Fl., éd. 8 [A.Cariot], 2: 610 (1889)
= Cerinthe hirsuta Wettst. ex Stapf; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 50: 85 (1885)
= Cerinthe maculata L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 137 (1753)
= Cerinthe maculata subsp. auriculata (Ten.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 513 (1881)
= Cerinthe minor proles auriculata (Ten.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 281 (1908)
= Cerinthe minor var. auriculata (Ten.) Em.Schmid & Gams; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 5: 2191 (1927)
= Cerinthe minor var. auriculata (Ten.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 741 (1937)
= Cerinthe minor var. ciliaris DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 10: 3 (1846)
subspecies :
subsp. cleiostoma (Boiss. & Spruner) Selvi & L.Cecchi; Taxon 58(4): 1321 (2009)
Distribution: Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro
13 BIH CRO MNT
Synonyms: hidden
= Cerinthe cleiostoma Boiss. & Spruner; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 4: 44 (1844)
= Cerinthe lamprocarpa f. cattorensis H.Lindb.; Öfvers. Finska Vetensk.-Soc. Förh. 48: 87 (1906)
= Cerinthe lamprocarpa f. verruculosa H.Lindb.; Öfvers. Finska Vetensk.-Soc. Förh. 48: 87 (1906)
= Cerinthe lamprocarpa Murb.; Acta Univ. Lund. 27(5): 85 (1891)
= Cerinthe tristis Teyber; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 63: 491 (1913 publ. 1914)
species :
Cerinthe palaestina Eig & Sam.; Sam., Bot. Not. 96: 353 (1943)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon); S-Syria; Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)
34 ISR JOR LEB SYR
species :
Cerinthe retorta Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 1: 120 (1806)
Distribution: S-North Macedonia; S-Albania; Greece (scattered in mainland, mostly C- & S-Greece, Korfu, Ionian Isl.); Crete; Turkey (W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
13 ALB GRC KRI NMA 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Cerinthe atropurpurea Vis. ex A.DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 8: 4 (1844)
= Cerinthe purpurea Vis.; Flora (Regensburg) 12(1. Ergänzungsbl.): 8 (1829)
species :
Cerinthe tenuiflora Bertol.; Fl. Ital. [Bertoloni] 2: 325 (1836)
Distribution: Corsica
12 COR
Synonyms: hidden
= Cerinthe glabra proles tenuiflora (Bertol.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 280 (1908)
= Cerinthe glabra subsp. tenuiflora (Bertol.) Domac; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 65: 260 (1972)
= Cerinthe glabra var. tenuifolia (Bertol.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 741 (1937)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.01 (January 2nd, 2025)

Covering 355,836 accepted species,
8,748 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,001,920 synonyms,
in total 1,418,260* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life