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Ver. 25.03
Mar. 6th, 2025

521.0000 Family Orobanchaceae Vent.; Tabl. Regn. Vég. 2: 292 (1799), nom. cons.
95 genera, ca. 2150 spp. Phylogeny: McNeal et al. 2013, Pinto-Carrasco et al. 2017, Nickrent (2020)
Species listed in database: 2203; hybrids: 77
= Aeginetiaceae Livera; Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Peradeniya) 10: 153 (1927)
= Buchneraceae Lilja; Skånes Fl., ed. 2: 979 (1870)
= Cyclocheilaceae Marais; Kew Bull. 35: 805 (1981)
= Euphrasiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 239 (1820)
= Lindenbergiaceae Doweld; Tent. Syst. Pl. Vasc.: xlix (2001)
= Melampyraceae Rich. ex Hook. & Lindl.; Hook., Fl. Scot. 2: 213 (1821)
= Nesogenaceae Marais; Kew Bull. 35: 798 (1981)
= Pedicularidaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 99 (1789)
= Phelypaeaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 73 (1834)
= Rhinanthaceae Vent.; Tabl. Regn. Vég. 2: 295 (1799)
521.0972 Genus Centranthera R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 438 (1810)
Distribution: India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar [Burma], China, Indochina, Malesia, Australia
Species listed in database: 9
= Gumteolis Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 87 (1825)
= Purshia Dennst.; Schlüssel Hortus Malab. 35 (1818)
= Razumovia Spreng.; Mant. Prim. Fl. Hal. 45 (1807), nom. illeg.
species :
Centranthera brunoniana Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 3882, Benth. Scroph. Ind. 50 (1835 publ. 1831)
Distribution: Myanmar (Mon)
41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Razumovia brunoniana (Wall. ex Benth.) Merr.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 64: 591 (1937)
species :
Centranthera cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr.; Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s. 24(2): 39, 353 (1935)
subspecies :
subsp. cochinchinensis
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Taiwan; India (Assam); Sri Lanka; Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; Sumatra; Philippines (throughout); Java; Australia [I] (New South Wales [I], Queensland [I])
36 CHI TIB 38 TAI 40 IND SRL 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 JAW PHI SUM 50 aus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centranthera brunoniana Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 220 (1860), nom. illeg.
= Centranthera cochinchinensis var. longiflora (Merr.) P.C.Tsoong; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 67(2): 349 (1979)
= Centranthera longiflora (Merr.) Merr.; Anniv. Vol. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 56 (1942)
= Digitalis cochinchinensis Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 2: 278 (1790)
= Razumovia cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 64(9): 594 (1937)
= Razumovia longiflora Merr.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 64(9): 593-594 (1937)
subspecies :
subsp. lutea (H.Hara) T.Yamaz.; J. Jap. Bot. 57(7): 213 (1982)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia
36 CHI TIB 38 JAP KOR NNS 41 CBD LAO MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centranthera chevalieri Bonati; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 71: 1099 (1924 publ. 1925)
= Centranthera cochinchinensis var. lutea (H.Hara) H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 246 (1948)
= Centranthera rubra H.L.Li; Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin., n. s. 2: 76 (1961)
= Razumovia chevalieri (Bonati) Merr.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 64: 591 (1937)
= Razumovia cochinchinensis var. lutea H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 17: 397 (1941)
species :
Centranthera grandiflora Wall. ex Benth.; Scroph. Ind. 50 (1835)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Kachin); Thailand
36 CHI TIB 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centranthera maxima Bonati; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, Sér. 2, 5: 140 (1913)
= Razumovia grandiflora (Benth.) Merr.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 64: 590 (1937)
species :
Centranthera hispida R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 438 (1810)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya); Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland, New South Wales)
42 NWG 50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Centranthera cochinchinensis var. hispida (R.Br.) Merr.; Anniv. Vol. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 57 (1942)
= Razumovia hispida (R.Br.) Britten; J. Bot. 39: 69 (1901)
species :
Centranthera hookeri (Merr.) Merr.; Anniv. Vol. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 55 (1942)
Distribution: India (Sikkim)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Razumovia hookeri Merr.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 64: 591 (1937)
species :
Centranthera indica (L.) Gamble; Fl. Madras 971 (1924)
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tami] Nadu, Telengana, Uttar Pradesh); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Nicobar Isl. (North Nicobars, Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.); Myanmar (Mandalay, Taninthayi); peninsular Malaysia (once from Selat Panchur, Langkawi Isl.)
40 BAN IND SRL 41 MYA NCB 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Capraria rigida Buch.-Ham. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 301 (1884)
= Centranthera procumbens Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 525 (1846)
= Purshia ciliata Dennst.; Schlüssel Hortus Malab. 35 (1818)
= Razumovia indica (L.) Alston; Handb. Fl. Ceylon 6(Suppl.): 217 (1931)
= Rhinanthus indicus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 603 (1753)
species :
Centranthera nepalensis D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 88 (1825)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Odisha, Uttarakhand); Bangladesh
36 CHI TIB 40 BAN IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Centranthera cochinchinensis var. nepalensis (D.Don) Merr.; Anniv. Vol. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 56 (1942)
= Centranthera hispida Benth.; Fl. Hongk. 254 (1861), nom. illeg.
species :
Centranthera siamensis T.Yamaz.; J. Jap. Bot. 58(2): 46 (1983)
Distribution: NE- & SW-Thailand; Laos
41 LAO THA
species :
Centranthera tranquebarica (Biehler) Merr.; Sunyatsenia 5(4): 182 (1940)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan); India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Yangon); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Langkawi Isl., Melaka); Singapore [I]; Sulawesi; Borneo; Java
36 CHI 40 BAN IND SRL 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 BOR JAW MLY sng SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Capraria humifusa Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 3883 (1831), nomen
= Centranthera humifusa (Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.) Benth.; Scroph. Ind. 50 (1835)
= Centranthera lepidota (Roth) Hand.-Mazz.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 56B: 453 (1937)
= Centranthera scoparia Bonati; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 1: 338 (1911)
= Centranthera tonkinensis Bonati; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 1(11): 337 (1911)
= Centranthera tonkinensis var. fastigiata Bonati; Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] 4: 447 (1927)
= Razumovia lepidota (Roth) Alston; Handb. Fl. Ceylon 6: Suppl., 217 (1931)
= Razumovia tonkinensis (Bonati) Merr.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 64: 598 (1937)
= Razumovia tranquebarica Biehler; Pl. Nov. Herb. Spreng. 27 (1807)
= Torenia lepidota Roth; Nov. Pl. Sp. 281 (1821)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.03 (March 6th, 2025)

Covering 356,112 accepted species,
8,776 hybrids, 48,085 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,454 synonyms,
in total 1,415,427* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

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