521.0000 Family Orobanchaceae Vent.; Tabl. Regn. Vég. 2: 292 (1799), nom. cons.

95 genera, ca. 2150 spp. Phylogeny: McNeal et al. 2013, Pinto-Carrasco et al. 2017, Nickrent (2020)

Species listed in database: 2203; hybrids: 77

521.0807 Genus Castilleja L.f.; Suppl. Pl. 47 (1782)

Distribution: arctic and temp. Eurasia, N-(W-part ca. 180, E-3), C- (8) and S-(5, Andes) America

Species listed in database: 214; hybrids: 2

species :

Castilleja affinis Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 154 (1833)

Name: Coast paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

76 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja affinis subsp. insularis (Eastw.) Munz; Aliso 4: 97 (1958)

= Castilleja anacapensis Dunkle; Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 41: 135 (1942)

= Castilleja californica Abrams; Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 68 (1902)

= Castilleja douglasii Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 530 (1846)

= Castilleja douglasii subsp. insularis (Eastw.) Pennell; Ill. Fl. Pacific States 3: 841 (1951)

= Castilleja inflata Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 99: 184 (1947)

= Castilleja latifolia subsp. insularis Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 238 (1936)

= Castilleja multisecta Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 174 (1935), nom. illeg.

= Castilleja parviflora var. californica (Abrams) Zeile; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 936 (1925)

= Castilleja parviflora var. douglasii (Benth.) Jeps.; Fl. W. Calif. [Jepson] 412 (1901)

= Castilleja polytoma Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 195 (1936)

= Castilleja wightii subsp. anacapensis (Dunkle) Pennell; Ill. Fl. Pacific States 3: 836 (1951)

= Castilleja wightii subsp. inflata (Pennell) Munz; Aliso 4: 98 (1958)

variant :

var. contentiosa (J.F.Macbr.) Bacig.; Leafl. W. Bot. 10: 286 (1966)

Distribution: USA (California)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja douglasii var. contentiosa J.F.Macbr.; Contr. Gray Herb. 65: 44 (1922)

variant :

var. neglecta (Zeile) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 66 (2008)

Name: Tiburon paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja affinis subsp. neglecta (Zeile) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Novon 2(3): 185 (1992)

= Castilleja neglecta Zeile; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 936 (1925)

species :

Castilleja albobarbata Iltis & G.L.Nesom; Sida 20(4): 1343 (-1350; figs. 1-3) (2003)

Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Jalisco)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja alpicola T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 17(3): 420 (1992)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Castilleja ambigua Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 154 (1833)

Name: Johnny-nip

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Oregon, Washington State)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Orthocarpus castillejoides Benth.; Scroph. Ind. 18 (1835)

= Orthocarpus longispicatus Elmer; Bot. Gaz. 41: 317 (1906)

= Orthocarpus maculatus Eastw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 210 (1905)

= Orthocarpus sonomensis Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 104 (1938)

variant :

var. heckardii J.M.Egger & Excoffier; Phytoneuron 2021-15: 2 (2021)

Distribution: USA (California)

76 USA

variant :

var. humboldtiensis (D.D.Keck) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 67 (2008)

Name: Humboldt Bay owl´s-clover

Distribution: USA (California)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Orthocarpus castillejoides var. humboldtiensis D.D.Keck; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 16: 536 (1927)

= Castilleja ambigua subsp. humboldtiensis (D.D.Keck) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 16(4): 656 (1991)

variant :

var. insalutata (Jeps.) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 67 (2008)

Distribution: USA (California)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Orthocarpus castillejoides var. insalutatus Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 944 (1925)

= Castilleja ambigua subsp. insalutata (Jeps.) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 16(4): 656 (1991)

variant :

var. meadii J.M.Egger & Ruygt; Phytoneuron 2012-68: 1-12 (2012)

Distribution: USA (California: Napa Co.)

76 USA

species :

Castilleja angustata (B.L.Rob. & Seaton) Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 570 (1909)

Distribution: Mexico (Michoacán)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja pallida var. angustata B.L.Rob. & Seaton; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 28: 114 (1893)

species :

Castilleja angustifolia (Nutt.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 616 (1837)

Name: Northwestern paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Wyoming)

73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja angustifolia subsp. bradburii (Nutt.) Piper & Beattie; Fl. N.W. Coast [Piper & Beattie] 228 (1915)

= Castilleja angustifolia var. adenophora Fernald; Erythea 6: 48 (1898)

= Castilleja angustifolia var. bradburii (Nutt.) Fernald; Erythea 6: 48 (1898)

= Castilleja angustifolia var. subcinerea (Rydb.) A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.; Bot. Gaz. 61: 45 (1916)

= Castilleja bennittii A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.; Bot. Gaz. 55: 380 (1913)

= Castilleja bradburii (Nutt.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 616 (1837)

= Castilleja buffumii A.Nelson; New Man. Bot. Centr. Rocky Mt., ed. 2: 459 (1909)

= Castilleja subcinerea Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 484 (1913)

= Euchroma angustifolia Nutt.; J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 46 (1834)

= Euchroma bradburii Nutt.; J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 47 (1834)

variant :

var. dubia A.Nelson; New Man. Bot. Centr. Rocky Mt. 460 (1909)

Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming); Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Jalisco, Morelos, Sinaloa, Sonora, Veracruz)

73 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

variant :

var. flavescens (Pennell ex Edwin) Holmgren; Intermount. Fl. [Cronquist et al.] 4: 488 (1984)

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Nevada, Utah)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja flavescens Pennell; Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 45 (1959)

species :

Castilleja applegatei Fernald; Erythea 49 (1898)

Name: Applegate´s paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Oregon)

73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja brooksii Eastw.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 3, 2: 288 (1900)

= Castilleja dolichostylis Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 88 (1941)

= Castilleja excelsa Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 241 (1940)

= Castilleja hoffmannii Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 116 (1942)

= Castilleja trisecta Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 78 (1904)

variant :

var. breweri (Fernald) N.H.Holmgren; Intermount. Fl. [Cronquist et al.] 4: 486 (1984)

Distribution: USA (California, Nevada)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja adenophora Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 87 (1941)

= Castilleja applegatei subsp. pallida (Eastw.) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Novon 2(3): 186 (1992)

= Castilleja applegatei var. pallida (Eastw.) N.H.Holmgren; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 21: 37 (1971)

= Castilleja breweri Fernald; Erythea 49 (1898)

= Castilleja breweri var. pallida Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 284 (1940)

= Castilleja glandulifera subsp. pallida (Eastw.) Pennell; Ill. Fl. Pacific States 3: 832 (1951)

variant :

var. pinetorum (Fernald) Holmgren; Intermount. Fl. [Cronquist et al.] 4: 486 (1984)

Distribution: USA (California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Wyoming)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja applegatei subsp. pinetorum (Fernald) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Novon 2(3): 187 (1992)

= Castilleja applegatei var. fragilis (Zeile) N.H.Holmgren; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 21: 38 (1971)

= Castilleja latifoliata Pennell; Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 46 (1959)

= Castilleja pinetorum Fernald; Erythea 50 (1898)

= Castilleja pinetorum var. fragile Zeile; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 938 (1925)

= Castilleja wherryana Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 99: 180 (1947)

variant :

var. viscida (Rydb.) Ownbey; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C.L. Hitchcock et al.] 4: 299 (1959)

Distribution: USA (SE-Idaho, Utah, SW-Wyoming)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja viscida Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 38 (1907)

species :

Castilleja aquariensis N.H.Holmgren; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 100(2): 87 (1973)

Name: Aquarius Plateau paintbrush

Distribution: USA (SC-Utah)

76 USA

species :

Castilleja arachnoidea Greenm.; Bot. Gaz. 53: 510 (1912)

Name: Cobwebby paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California, Nevada, Oregon)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja arachnoidea subsp. shartensis (Eastw.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 99: 177 (1947)

= Castilleja eastwoodiana Pennell; Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 74: 1 (1941)

= Castilleja filifolia Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 243 (1940)

= Castilleja floccosa Pennell ex M.Peck; Man. Pl. Oregon 664 (1941), no Latin descr.

= Castilleja payneae Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 245 (1940)

= Castilleja pumicicola Pennell; Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 74: 3 (1941)

= Orthocarpus pilosus var. arachnoideus (Greenm.) Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 940 (1925)

species :

Castilleja arctica Krylov & Serg.; Animadvers. Syst. Herb. Univ. Tomsk., Nos. 1-2, p. 5 (1939)

subspecies :

subsp. arctica

Distribution: Siberia (W-Siberia)

30 SIB

subspecies :

subsp. vorkutensis Rebrist.; Arktichesk. Fl. S.S.S.R.8: 281 (1980)

Distribution: N-European Russia

14 RUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja vorkutensis (Rebrist.) Kosachev; Botanica Pacifica 12(2): 124 (2023)

species :

Castilleja arvensis Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 5: 103 (1830)

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Baja California Norte, Chiapas, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas); Honduras; Hispaniola (Haiti)

79 MEX 80 HON 81 HIS

Synonyms: hidden

= Bartsia trinervis Ruiz & Pav.; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 17(1): 445 (1959), no type indicated

= Castilleja agrestis Pennell; Fieldiana, Bot. 28: 519 (1953)

= Castilleja communis Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 529 (1846)

= Castilleja communis f. johnstoniae Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23: 86 (1944)

= Castilleja haitiensis Urb. & Ekman; Ark. Bot. 23A(11): 46 (1931)

= Castilleja hyssopifolia Willd. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 615 (1838)

variant :

var. pastorei (Hicken) J.M.Egger; Phytoneuron 2018-72: 1 (2018)

Distribution: S-Brazil (Paraná); Uruguay; NW-Argentina; NE-Argentina

84 BRA 85 ARG URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja lithospermoides var. pastorei Hicken; Physis (Buenos Aires) 1: 30 (1912)

species :

Castilleja aspera Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 580 (1909)

Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Sonora)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja attenuata (A.Gray) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 16(4): 656 (1991)

Name: Attenuate paintbrush

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (Arizona, California, Oregon, Washington State); Mexico (Baja California Norte); Isla Guadalupe; Chile [I] (Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I])

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 79 GLP MEX 85 cle

Synonyms: hidden

= Orthocarpus attenuatus A.Gray; Pacif. Railr. Rep. 4 [Whipple]: 121 (1857)

species :

Castilleja aurea B.L.Rob. & Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 32: 39 (1896)

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Mexico State, Morelos, Oaxaca)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja auriculata Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 583 (1909)

Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Oaxaca, Puebla)

79 MEX

variant :

var. verecunda G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 73(5): 399 (1992)

Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco, Michoacán, Nayarit)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja beldingii (Greene) Tank & J.M.Egger; Syst. Bot. 34(1): 186 (2009)

Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Clevelandia beldingii (Greene) Greene; Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1(4): 182 (1885)

= Orthocarpus beldingii Greene; Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 123 (1885)

species :

Castilleja bella Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 22: 106 (1940)

Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja brevilobata Piper; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 33: 104 (1920)

Name: Short-lobed paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja hispida subsp. brevilobata (Piper) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Novon 2(3): 187 (1992)

species :

Castilleja brevistyla (Hoover) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 16(4): 656 (1991)

Name: Shortstyled owl´s-clover

Distribution: USA (California)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Orthocarpus brevistylus Hoover; Four Seasons 2: No. 4, 14 (1968)

species :

Castilleja bryantii T.S.Brandegee; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 2, 2: 192 (1889)

Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur)

79 MEX

variant :

var. socorrensis (Moran) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 67 (2008)

Distribution: Revillagigedos Isl. (Isla Socorro)

79 RGI

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja socorrensis Moran; Mem. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 16 [Vasc. Fl. Isla Socorro]: 52 (1989)

species :

Castilleja campestris (Benth.) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 16(4): 656 (1991)

Name: Field owl´s clover

Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Orthocarpus campestris Benth.; Pl. Hartw. [Bentham] 329 (1846)

= Orthocarpus columbinus M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 8: 37 (1898)

variant :

var. succulenta (Hoover) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 68 (2008)

Distribution: USA (California)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja campestris subsp. succulenta (Hoover) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 16(4): 656 (1991)

= Castilleja succulenta (Hoover) D.W.Taylor; Fl. Yosemite Sierra 373 (2010)

= Orthocarpus campestris var. succulentus Hoover; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 228 (1936)

= Orthocarpus succulentus (Hoover) Hoover; Four Seasons 2: No. 4, 15 (1968)

species :

Castilleja cerroana Edwin; Phytologia 19: 403 (1970)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Castilleja cervina Greenm.; Bot. Gaz. 25: 269 (1898)

Name: Deer paintbrush

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (Idaho, Montana, Washington State)

71 CDN 73 USA

species :

Castilleja chambersii M.Egger & Meinke; Brittonia 51(4): 445 (1999)

Name: Chambers paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Oregon: Clatsop Co., Washington State: Pacific Co.)

73 USA

species :

Castilleja chlorosceptron G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 73(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Sinaloa)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja chlorotica Piper; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 33: 104 (1920)

Name: Green-tinged paintbrush

Distribution: USA (C-Oregon)

73 USA

species :

Castilleja christii N.H.Holmgren; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 100(2): 91 (1973)

Name: John Christ´s paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Idaho: Cassia Co.)

73 USA

species :

Castilleja chromosa A.Nelson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 245 (1899)

Name: Desert paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Wyoming)

73 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja angustifolia var. collina (A.Nelson) Garrett; Spring Fl. Wasatch 87 (1911)

= Castilleja collina A.Nelson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 231 (1901)

= Castilleja eremophila Wooton & Standl.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 171 (1913)

= Castilleja ewanii Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 89 (1941)

= Castilleja helleri Edwin; Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 44 (1959)

= Castilleja martinii subsp. ewanii (Eastw.) Munz; Aliso 4: 97 (1958)

= Castilleja martinii var. ewanii (Eastw.) N.H.Holmgren; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 21: 56 (1971)

= Castilleja miniata var. chromosa (A.Nelson) Garrett; Spring Fl. Wasatch 87 (1911)

= Castilleja pyramidalis Edwin; Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 44 (1959)

species :

Castilleja chrymactis Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 86: 539 (1934)

Name: Green paintbrush

Distribution: SE-Alaska

70 ASK

species :

Castilleja chrysantha Greenm.; Bot. Gaz. 48: 146 (1909)

Name: Yellow Wallowa paintbrush

Distribution: USA (NE-Oregon)

73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja indecora Piper; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 31: 76 (1918)

= Castilleja ownbeyana Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 99: 179 (1947)

species :

Castilleja cinerea A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 93 (1883)

Name: Ash gray paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California: San Bernardino Co.)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Orthocarpus cinereus Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 939 (1925)

species :

Castilleja citrina Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 73: 532 (1921 publ. 1922)

Name: Lemon paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas)

74 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja labiata Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 73: 530 (1921 publ. 1922)

= Castilleja purpurea var. citrina (Pennell) Shinners; Spring Fl. Dallas-Fort Worth Area 410 (1958)

species :

Castilleja coccinea (L.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 775 (1825)

Name: Scarlet paintbrush

Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Saskatchewan); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia)

71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Bartsia coccinea L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 602 (1753)

= Bartsia coccinea var. pallens Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 2: 17 (1803)

= Castilleja coccinea f. alba Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 8: 276 (1923)

= Castilleja coccinea f. lutescens Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 8: 276 (1923)

= Castilleja coccinea f. pallens (Michx.) Pennell; Monogr. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1: 535 (1935)

= Castilleja ludoviciana Pennell; Monogr. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1: 540 (1935)

= Euchroma coccinea (L.) Nutt.; Gen. N. Amer. Pl. [Nuttall] 2: 55 (1818)

= Rhinanthus coccineus (L.) Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 2: 60 (1786)

species :

Castilleja collegiorum J.M.Egger & Malaby; Phytoneuron 2015-33: 1 (2015)

Name: Collegial paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Oregon: Klamath Co.)

73 USA

species :

Castilleja conzattii Fernald; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 43: 67 (1907)

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja covilleana Hend.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 353 (1900)

Name: Coville´s paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Montana)

73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja multisecta A.Nelson; Bot. Gaz. 54: 148 (1912)

species :

Castilleja crista-galli Rydb.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 355 (1900)

Name: Cock´s-comb paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Montana, Wyoming)

73 USA

species :

Castilleja cryptandra Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 578 (1909)

Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Durango, Jalisco, Nayarit)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja cryptantha Pennell & G.N.Jones; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 50: 208 (1937)

Name: Obscure paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Washington State: Mt. Rainier)

73 USA

species :

Castilleja ctenodonta Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 581 (1909)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca)

79 MEX

variant :

var. altorum (Standl. & Steyerm.) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 68 (2008)

Distribution: Guatemala

80 GUA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja altorum Standl. & Steyerm.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23: 85 (1944)

species :

Castilleja cusickii Greenm.; Bot. Gaz. 25: 267 (1898)

Name: Cusick´s paintbrush

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington State, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja camporum Howell; Fl. N.W. Amer. [Howell] 1: 532 (1901)

= Castilleja lutea A.Heller; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 268 (1898)

= Castilleja pallida var. camporum (Howell) Greenm.; Bot. Gaz. 25: 266 (1898)

= Castilleja pannosa Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 116 (1942)

= Castilleja pilifera A.Nelson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 31: 246 (1904)

species :

Castilleja dendridion G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 72(3): 250 (1992)

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja densiflora (Benth.) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 16(4): 656 (1991)

Name: Denseflower paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Orthocarpus densiflorus Benth.; Scroph. Ind. 18 (1835)

= Orthocarpus densiflorus var. latifolius Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 537 (1846)

= Orthocarpus densiflorus var. noctuinus (Eastw.) J.T.Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 5: 107 (1948)

= Orthocarpus noctuinus Eastw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 211 (1905)

variant :

var. gracilis (Benth.) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 68 (2008)

Distribution: USA (California); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

76 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja densiflora subsp. gracilis (Benth.) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 16(4): 656 (1991)

= Orthocarpus densiflorus var. gracilis (Benth.) D.D.Keck; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 16: 538 (1927)

= Orthocarpus gracilis Benth.; Scroph. Ind. 12 (1835)

= Orthocarpus parishii A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17: 229 (1882)

variant :

var. obispoensis (D.D.Keck) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 69 (2008)

Name: Obispo paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California: San Luis Obispo Co.)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja densiflora subsp. obispoensis (D.D.Keck) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 16(4): 656 (1991)

= Orthocarpus densiflorus var. obispoensis D.D.Keck; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 16: 539 (1927)

species :

Castilleja dissitiflora N.H.Holmgren; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 21(4): 46 (1971)

Name: Mt. Hammond paintbrush

Distribution: USA (C-Nevada, E-Nevada)

Error

species :

Castilleja disticha Eastw.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 3, 2: 289 (1902)

Distribution: USA (California: Sierra Nevada)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja applegatei subsp. disticha (Eastw.) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Novon 2(3): 186 (1992)

species :

Castilleja durangensis G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 72(3): 245 (1992)

Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Sinaloa)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja ecuadorensis N.H.Holmgren; Opera Bot., B (Fl. Ecuador), 21(177): 180 (1984)

Distribution: Ecuador

83 ECU

species :

Castilleja eggeri Franç.Gut., Cházaro & Avendaño; Nordic J. Bot. 2023(10)-e04057: 3 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja elata Piper; Smithsonian Misc. Collect. I. 201 (1907)

Name: Siskiyou paintbrush

Distribution: USA (NW-California, SW-Oregon)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja miniata subsp. elata (Piper) Munz; Aliso 4: 97 (1958)

species :

Castilleja elegans Malte; Rhodora 36: 187 (1934)

Name: Elegant paintbrush

Distribution: Russian Far East (Magadan); Alaska; Canada (Alberta, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Yukon)

31 RFE 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja mexiae (Pennell) Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 194 (1936)

= Castilleja pallida subsp. elegans (Malte) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 86: 526 (1934)

= Castilleja pallida subsp. mexiae Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 86: 526 (1934)

= Castilleja pallida var. elegans (Malte) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 79: 321 (1952)

species :

Castilleja elmeri Fernald; Erythea 51 (1898)

Name: Elmer´s paintbrush

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (Washington State)

71 CDN 73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja angustifolia var. whitedii Piper; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 27: 399 (1900)

species :

Castilleja exigua J.M.Egger; Brittonia 61(1): 41 (2009)

Distribution: Venezuela

82 VEN

species :

Castilleja exserta (A.Heller) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 16(4): 657 (1991)

Name: Exserted paintbrush

Distribution: Australia [I] (New South Wales [I], Victoria [I]); Hawaii [I] (Hawaii Isl.: Mauna Loa [I]); USA (Arizona, California, Massachusetts [I], New Mexico); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Sonora); Isla Guadalupe [I]

50 aus 63 haw 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 glp MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Orthocarpus exsertus A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 1: 109 (1906)

= Orthocarpus purpurascens Benth.; Scroph. Ind. 13 (1835)

= Orthocarpus purpurascens var. multicaulis Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 944 (1925)

= Orthocarpus purpurascens var. pallidus D.D.Keck; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 16: 544 (1927)

= Orthocarpus purpurascens var. palmeri A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 300 (1878)

variant :

var. latifolia (S.Watson) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 70 (2008)

Name: Wideleaf paintbrush

Distribution: USA (C-California, NW-California)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja exserta subsp. latifolia (S.Watson) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 16(4): 657 (1991)

= Orthocarpus purpurascens var. latifolius S.Watson; Botany (Fortieth Parallel) 458 (1871)

variant :

var. venusta (A.Heller) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 70 (2008)

Name: Exserted paintbrush

Distribution: USA (S-California)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja exserta subsp. venusta (A.Heller) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 16(4): 657 (1991)

= Orthocarpus ornatus A.Heller ex Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 944 (1925)

= Orthocarpus purpurascens var. venustus (A.Heller) D.D.Keck; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 16: 542 (1927)

= Orthocarpus venustus A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 141 (1906)

species :

Castilleja falcata Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 575 (1909)

Distribution: Mexico (Puebla, Veracruz)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja filiflora G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 73(5): 407 (1992)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja fissifolia L.f.; Suppl. Pl. 293 (1782)

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Cauca, Cesar, Chocó, Cundinamarca, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Apure, Aragua, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Guarico, Merida, Miranda, Tachira, Trujillo, Zulia); Ecuador; Peru

82 CLM VEN 83 ECU PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja breviflora Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 534 (1846)

= Castilleja coronopifolia Vent.; Choix Pl., t. 59 (1808)

= Castilleja divaricata Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 534 (1846)

= Castilleja fissifolia subvar. coronopifolia (Vent.) Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 118 (1860)

= Castilleja fissifolia subvar. longifolia (Benth. ex DC.) Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 118 (1860)

= Castilleja fissifolia subvar. stricta (Benth.) Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 118 (1860)

= Castilleja fissifolia subvar. tenuifolia Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 119 (1860)

= Castilleja fissifolia subsp. fruticosa (Wedd.) Melch.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 122 (1931)

= Castilleja fissifolia var. angustifolia Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 533 (1846)

= Castilleja fissifolia var. breviflora (Benth.) Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 119 (1860)

= Castilleja fissifolia var. divaricata (Benth.) Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 119 (1860)

= Castilleja fissifolia var. fruticosa Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 118 (1860)

= Castilleja fissifolia var. longifolia Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 534 (1846)

= Castilleja stricta Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 534 (1846)

species :

Castilleja flava S.Watson; Botany (Fortieth Parallel) 230 (1871)

Name: Yellow paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja brachyantha Rydb.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 360 (1900), nom. nov. superfl.

= Castilleja brachyantha var. subinflata E.H.Kelso; Rhodora 37: 227 (1935)

= Castilleja breviflora A.Gray; Amer. J. Sci. Arts, Ser. 2, 34(102): 338 (1862), non Benth. (1846)

= Castilleja curticalix A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.; Bot. Gaz. 55: 380 (1913)

= Castilleja elkoensis Edwin; Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 47 (1959)

= Castilleja linoides A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 299 (1878)

= Castilleja pecten Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 41 (1907)

variant :

var. rustica (Piper) N.H.Holmgren; Intermount. Fl. [Cronquist et al.] 4: 484 (1984)

Name: Country paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington State)

73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja rustica Piper; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 398 (1900)

species :

Castilleja foliolosa Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 154 (1833)

Name: Woolly paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California, California Channel Isl.); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

76 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja clementis Eastw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 212 (1905)

species :

Castilleja fraterna Greenm.; Bot. Gaz. 48: 147 (1909)

Name: Fraternal paintbrush

Distribution: USA (NE-Oregon)

73 USA

species :

Castilleja fruticosa Moran; Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 15: 283 (1969)

Distribution: Isla Guadalupe

79 GLP

species :

Castilleja galactionovae Nikolin; Rast. Mir Aziatsk. Rossii 28(4): 34 (2017)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Sakhalin)

31 RFE

species :

Castilleja galehintoniae G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 72(3): 246 (1992)

Distribution: Mexico (Nuevo León)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja genevievana G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 72: 210 (1992)

Name: Genèvieve´s paintbrush

Distribution: USA (SW-Texas); Mexico (Coahuila)

77 USA 79 MEX

species :

Castilleja glandulifera Pennell; Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia No. 74, 8 (1941)

Name: Gland paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Oregon)

73 USA

species :

Castilleja gleasoni Elmer; Bot. Gaz. 39: 51 (1905)

Name: Mt. Gleason paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California: Los Angeles Co.)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja pruinosa subsp. gleasoni (Elmer) Munz; Aliso 4: 98 (1958)

species :

Castilleja gonzaleziae G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 76(6): 465 (1994), as ´gonzalezii´

Distribution: Mexico (Durango)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja gracilis Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 528 (1846)

Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Queretaro)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja gracillima Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 39 (1907)

Name: Slender paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Wyoming)

73 USA

species :

Castilleja grisea Dunkle; Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 42: 3 I (1943)

Name: San Clemente Island paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California: San Clemente Isl.)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja hololeuca subsp. grisea (Dunkle) Munz; Aliso 4: 97 (1958)

species :

Castilleja guadalupensis Brandegee; Zoe 5: 166 (1903)

Distribution: Isla Guadalupe

79 GLP

species :

Castilleja halophila Singhurst, J.M.Egger, Mink & W.C.Holmes; Phytologia 102: 209 (2020)

Distribution: USA (Texas)

77 USA

species :

Castilleja haydenii (A.Gray) Cockerell; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 17: 37 (1890)

Name: Hayden´s paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Colorado, New Mexico, Utah)

73 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja pallida var. haydenii A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 297 (1878)

species :

Castilleja hidalgensis J.M.Egger; Brittonia 54(3): 190 (2002)

Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Veracruz)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja hirsuta M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 12(2): 29 (1845)

Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Puebla, Veracruz)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja obovata Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 528 (1846)

= Castilleja speciosa M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 12(2): 30 (1845)

species :

Castilleja hispida Benth.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 2: 105 (1838)

Name: Harsh paintbrush

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington State)

71 CDN 73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja angustifolia subsp. abbreviata (Fernald) Piper & Beattie; Fl. N.W. Coast [Piper & Beattie] 228 (1915)

= Castilleja angustifolia var. abbreviata Fernald; Erythea 6: 49 (1898)

= Castilleja angustifolia var. hispida (Benth.) Fernald; Erythea 6: 47 (1898)

= Castilleja hispida subsp. abbreviata (Fernald) Pennell; Ill. Fl. Pacific States 3: 841 (1951)

= Castilleja remota Greene; Pittonia 4: 2 (1901)

variant :

var. acuta (Pennell) Ownbey; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C.L. Hitchcock et al.] 4: 309 (1959)

Name: Acute paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington State)

73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja hispida subsp. acuta Pennell; Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 74: 11 (1941)

= Castilleja taedifera Pennell; Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia No. 74, 6 (1941)

species :

Castilleja holmgrenii J.M.Egger; Brittonia 54(1): 6 (2002)

Distribution: Mexico (Sinaloa, Durango)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja hololeuca Greene; West-Am. Scientist 3: 3 (1886), et in Pittonia 1: 38 (1887)

Name: Whitefelt paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California Channel Isl.)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja lanata subsp. hololeuca (Greene) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Novon 2(3): 188 (1992)

species :

Castilleja hyparctica Rebrist.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 289 (1964)

Distribution: European Russia; Siberia (Krasnoyarsk, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Magadan)

14 RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja pallida var. hyparctica (Rebrist.) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 75 (2008)

= Castilleja pallida subsp. hyparctica (Rebrist.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128(4): 518 (1975 publ.1976)

species :

Castilleja hyperborea Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 86: 532 (1934)

Name: Northern paintbrush

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (British Columbia, Northern Territories, Yukon)

70 ASK CDN 71 CDN

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja kuschei Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 193 (1936)

= Castilleja villosissima Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 86: 532 (1934)

species :

Castilleja indivisa Engelm.; Pl. Lindheim. 1: 47 (1845)

Name: Texas paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas, Alabama [I], Florida [I]); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua)

74 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja indivisa f. vivida Cory; Field & Lab. 17: 65 (1949)

species :

Castilleja integra A.Gray; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 119 (1858 publ. 1859)

Name: Entire-leaved paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Veracruz, Zacatecas)

73 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja angustifolia A.Gray; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 2(1): 118 (1859), nom. illeg.

= Castilleja elongata Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 92: 306 (1941)

= Castilleja gloriosa Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 16: 203 (1889)

= Castilleja integra var. gloriosa (Britton) Cockerell; The Southwest 2: 134 (1900)

= Castilleja integra var. gracilis Cockerell; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 17: 35 (1890)

= Castilleja integra var. intermedia Cockerell; The Southwest 2: 134 (1900)

species :

Castilleja integrifolia L.f.; Suppl. Pl. 293 (1782)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Coahuila, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Cesar, Cundinamarca, La Guajira, Norte de Santander, Santander); Venezuela (Aragua, Tachira, Zulia)

79 MEX 80 GUA HON NIC 82 CLM VEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja fissifolia var. integrifolia (L.f.) Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 119 (1860)

= Castilleja integrifolia var. alpigena L.O.Williams; Fieldiana, Bot. 34: 119 (1972)

variant :

var. chiapensis (Brandegee) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 70 (2008)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja chiapensis Brandegee; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6: 62 (1914)

variant :

var. longibracteata (M.Martens & Galeotti) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 71 (2008)

Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja longibracteata M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 12(2): 28 (1845)

species :

Castilleja irasuensis Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 3: 27 (1853)

Distribution: Costa Rica

80 COS

species :

Castilleja jiquilpana G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 72(3): 235 (1992)

Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco, Michoacán)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja kaibabensis N.H.Holmgren; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 100(2): 89 (1973)

Name: Kaibab Plateau paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Arizona: Coconino Co.)

76 USA

species :

Castilleja kerryana J.M.Egger; Phytoneuron 2013-21: 2 (2013)

Name: Kerry´s paintbrush

Distribution: USA (WC-Montana)

Error

species :

Castilleja kraliana J.R.Allison; Castanea 66(1-2): 159 (2001)

Name: Kral´s paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Alabama: Bibb Co.)

78 USA

species :

Castilleja lacera (Benth.) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 16(4): 657 (1991)

Name: Cutleaf paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Orthocarpus brownii Eastw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 210 (1905)

= Orthocarpus lacerus Benth.; Pl. Hartw. [Bentham] 329 (1846)

species :

Castilleja laciniata Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 60 (1833)

Distribution: Peru; Chile (Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, Maule, Biobío)

83 PER 85 CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Bartsia laciniata (Hook. & Arn.) Ruiz & Pav. ex A.López; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 17: 1. 444 (1959)

= Oncorhynchus pinnatifidus Lehm.; Index Sem. (Hamburg) (1832)

= Oncorhynchus tenellus Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Index Sem. (St. Petersburg [Petropolitanus]) 1: 35 (1835)

= Orthocarpus australis Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 537 nom. illeg. (1846)

= Orthocarpus laciniatus (Hook & Arn.) D.D.Keck; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 16: 548 (1927)

species :

Castilleja lanata A.Gray; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 118 (1858 publ. 1859)

Name: Sierra woolly paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico, SW-Texas); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Zacatecas)

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

species :

Castilleja lapponica Gand. ex Rebrist.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 1: 291 (1864)

Distribution: N-European Russia; Siberia (W-Siberia)

14 RUS 30 SIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja pallida subsp. lapponica (Gand. ex Rebrist.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128: 518 (1975 publ. 1976)

= Castilleja pallida var. lapponica (Gand. ex Rebrist.) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90: 75 (2008)

= Castilleja schrenkii Rebrist.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 1: 293 (1964)

species :

Castilleja lasiorhyncha (A.Gray) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 16(4): 657 (1991)

Name: San Bernardino Mountains paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California: San Bernardino Mts.)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Orthocarpus lasiorhynchus A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 12: 82 (1877)

species :

Castilleja lassenensis Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 244 (1940)

Name: Mt. Lassen paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California: Mt. Lassen area)

76 USA

species :

Castilleja latifolia Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 154 (1833)

Name: Monterey paintbrush

Distribution: USA (C-California, coastal)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja latifolia subsp. carmelensis Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 237 (1936)

= Castilleja latifolia subsp. pinnatifida Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 237 (1936)

= Castilleja macrocarpa Benth.; Scroph. Ind. 13 (1835)

species :

Castilleja lebgueana G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 76(5): 406 (1994)

Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja lemmonii A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 297 (1878)

Name: Lemmon´s paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California: Sierra Nevada, W-Nevada)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja culbertsonii Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 78 (1904)

species :

Castilleja lentii N.H.Holmgren; Brittonia 30(2): 191 (1978)

Distribution: Costa Rica

80 COS

species :

Castilleja leschkeana Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 5: 91 (1948)

Name: Leschke´s paintbrush

Distribution: +USA (+California: +Point Reyes peninsula)

76 USA

Conservation Status: last seen 1960

species :

Castilleja levisecta Greenm.; Bot. Gaz. 25: 268 (1898)

Name: Golden paintbrush

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (Oregon, Washington State)

71 CDN 73 USA

species :

Castilleja linariifolia Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 532 (1846)

Name: Wyoming paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Wyoming); Mexico (Sonora)

73 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja affinis var. linariifolia (Benth.) Zeile; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 938 (1925)

= Castilleja arcuata Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 35 (1907)

= Castilleja candens Durand & Hilg.; Pl. Heermannianae 43 (1854)

= Castilleja fulgens Nutt. ex A.Gray; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 119 (1858 publ. 1859)

= Castilleja howellii Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 89 (1941)

= Castilleja linariifolia f. omnipubescens Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 89: 424 (1938)

= Castilleja linariifolia f. rosea Cockerell; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 17: 35 (1890)

= Castilleja linariifolia var. filiformis Daniels; Fl. Boulder Colorado [Daniels] 215 (1911)

= Castilleja linariifolia var. omnipubescens (Pennell) Clokey; Madroño 8: 61 (1945)

= Castilleja linearis Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 25 (1901)

= Castilleja salticola Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 284 (1940)

= Castilleja trainii Edwin; Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 43 (1959)

species :

Castilleja lindheimeri A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 298 (1878)

Name: Lindheimer´s paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Texas)

77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja mearnsii Pennell; Monogr. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1. Scroph. 530 (1935)

= Castilleja purpurea var. lindheimeri (A.Gray) Shinners; Spring Fl. Dallas-Fort Worth Area 410 (1958)

species :

Castilleja lineariloba (Benth.) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 16(4): 657 (1991)

Name: Thin-lobed owl´s clover

Distribution: USA (California)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Orthocarpus linearilobus Benth.; Pl. Hartw. [Bentham] 330 (1849)

= Orthocarpus mariposanus Congdon; Erythea 7: 188 (1900)

species :

Castilleja lineata Greene; Pittonia 4: 151 (1900)

Name: Marshmeadow paintbrush

Distribution: USA (NE-Arizona, S-Colorado, NW-New Mexico)

73 USA 76 USA 77 USA

species :

Castilleja linifolia N.H.Holmgren; Brittonia 28(2): 200 (1976)

Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Sinaloa, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja litoralis Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 99: 183 (1947)

Distribution: USA (California, Oregon, Washington State)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja affinis subsp. litoralis (Pennell) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Novon 2(3): 185 (1992)

= Castilleja wightii subsp. litoralis (Pennell) Munz; Aliso 4: 98 (1958)

species :

Castilleja lutescens (Greenm.) Rydb.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 359 (1900)

Name: Stiff yellow paintbrush

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington State)

71 CDN 73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja lutescens (Greenm.) Piper; Piper & Beattie, Fl. Palouse Reg. 164 (1901), isonym

= Castilleja pallida var. lutescens Greenm.; Bot. Gaz. 25: 265 (1898)

species :

Castilleja macrostigma S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 26: 173 (1891)

Distribution: Mexico (Mexico State, Michoacán)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja madrigalii C.Medina & E.Carranza; Phytoneuron 2017-14: 1 (2017)

Distribution: Mexico (Guanajuato)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja martini Abrams; Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 69 (1902)

Distribution: USA (California); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

76 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja applegatei subsp. martini (Abrams) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Novon 2(3): 186 (1992)

= Castilleja gyroloba Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 99: 186 (1947)

= Castilleja roseana Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 104 (1938)

variant :

var. clokeyi (Pennell) N.H.Holmgren; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 21(4): 55 (1971)

Distribution: USA (California, Nevada)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja clokeyi Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 89: 420 (1937 publ. 1938)

species :

Castilleja mcvaughii N.H.Holmgren; Brittonia 28(2): 203 (1976)

Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Jalisco)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja mendocinensis (Eastw.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 99: 184 (1947)

Name: Mendocino Coast paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja latifolia subsp. mendocinensis Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 238 (1936)

species :

Castilleja meridensis Pennell; Fieldiana, Bot. 28(3): 517 (1953)

Distribution: Venezuela (Merida)

82 VEN

species :

Castilleja mexicana (Hemsl.) A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 404 (1886)

Name: Mexican paintbrush

Distribution: USA (SW-Texas); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas)

77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja tortifolia Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 92: 304 (1941)

= Orthocarpus mexicanus Hemsl.; Biol. Centr.-Amer., Bot. 2: 463 (1882)

species :

Castilleja miniata Douglas; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 2: 106 (1838)

Name: Giant red paintbrush

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja confusa Greene; Pittonia 4: 1 (1899)

= Castilleja confusa var. pubens (A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.) A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.; Bot. Gaz. 61: 45 (1916)

= Castilleja crispula Piper; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 11: 516 (1906)

= Castilleja hyetophila f. longiflora Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 86: 538 (1934)

= Castilleja hyetophila Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 86: 537 (1934)

= Castilleja inconstans Standl.; Muhlenbergia 5: 83 (1909)

= Castilleja miniata var. crispula (Piper) A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.; Bot. Gaz. 61: 45 (1916)

= Castilleja montana Congdon; Erythea 7: 188 (1900)

= Castilleja pallida var. miniata (Douglas ex Hook.) A.Gray; Amer. J. Sci. Arts, Ser. 2, 34: 337 (1862)

= Castilleja rhexiifolia var. pubens A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.; Bot. Gaz. 55: 380 (1913)

= Castilleja trinervis Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 26 (1901)

= Castilleja tweedyi Rydb.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 358 (1900)

= Castilleja variabilis Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 37 (1907)

= Castilleja vreelandii Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 38 (1907)

= Euchroma integrifolia Nutt. ex Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 532 (1846)

variant :

var. dixonii (Fernald) A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.; Bot. Gaz. 65: 70 (1918)

Name: Giant red paintbrush

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (British Columbia); USA (Oregon, Washington State)

70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja dixonii Fernald; Erythea 122 (1899)

= Castilleja miniata subsp. dixonii (Fernald) Kartesz; Synth. N. Amer. Fl., nomencl. innov. no. 2 (1999)

variant :

var. fulva (Pennell) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 72 (2008)

Name: Elko paintbrush

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia, Alberta, Yukon)

70 CDN 71 CDN

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja fulva Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 86: 540 (1934)

variant :

var. oblongifolia (A.Gray) Munz; Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 31: 69 (1932)

Distribution: USA (California); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

76 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja oblongifolia A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 296 (1878)

species :

Castilleja minor (A.Gray) A.Gray; Bot. California [W.H.Brewer] 1: 573 (1876)

Name: Lesser paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico); Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja affinis var. minor A.Gray; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 2(1): 119 (1859)

variant :

var. exilis (A.Nelson) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 72 (2008)

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Sonora)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja exilis A.Nelson; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 17: 100 (1904)

= Castilleja stricta Rydb.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 354 (1900), nom. illeg.

variant :

var. spiralis (Jeps.) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 74 (2008)

Name: Serpentine paintbrush

Distribution: USA (C-California)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja affinis Benth.; Pl. Hartw. [Bentham] 329 (1849), nom. illeg.

= Castilleja minor subsp. spiralis (Jeps.) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Novon 2(3): 188 (1992)

= Castilleja spiralis Jeps.; Fl. W. Calif. [Jepson] 412 (1901)

= Castilleja stenantha subsp. spiralis (Jeps.) Munz; Aliso 4: 98 (1958)

variant :

var. stenantha (A.Gray) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 73 (2008)

Distribution: USA (Arizona, California); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

76 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja stenantha A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 295 (1878)

species :

Castilleja mogollonica Pennell; Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia No. 237, 1 (1951)

Name: Mogollon paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Arizona: Apache Co.)

76 USA

species :

Castilleja mollis Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 99: 185 (1947)

Name: Soft-leaved paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California Channel Isl.: Santa Rosa Isl.)

76 USA

Conservation Status: Of conservation concern

species :

Castilleja montigena Heckard; Syst. Bot. 5(1): 83 (1980)

Name: Heckard´s paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California: San Bernardino Mts.)

76 USA

species :

Castilleja moranensis Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 329 (1818)

Distribution: Mexico (Ciudad de Mexico, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Puebla, San Luis Potosi, Veracruz)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja schaffneri Hemsl.; Biol. Centr.-Amer., Bot. 2: 462 (1882)

variant :

var. cinerascens (Eastw.) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 74 (2008)

Distribution: C-Mexico

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja schaffneri var. cinerascens Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 573 (1909)

species :

Castilleja nana Eastw.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 3, 2: 289 (1902)

Name: Dwarf alpine paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California, Nevada, Utah)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja ambigua M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 12: 68 (1908), nom. illeg.

= Castilleja inconspicua A.Nelson & P.B.Kenn.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 19: 38 (1906)

= Castilleja lapidicola A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 8: 49 (1912)

species :

Castilleja nelsonii Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 579 (1909)

Name: Rincon Mountain paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico); Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Nayarit, Sonora)

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja austromontana Standl. & Blumer; Muhlenbergia 7: 44 (1911)

species :

Castilleja nervata Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 574 (1909)

Name: Trans-Pecos paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Arizona); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Durango, Jalisco, Michoacán, Nayarit, Oaxaca, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas)

76 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja angustifolia M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 12(2): 29 (1845), nom. illeg.

= Castilleja cruenta Standl.; Muhlenbergia 5: 82 (1909)

species :

Castilleja nitricola Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 572 (1909)

Distribution: Mexico (San Luis Potosi)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja nivea Pennell & Ownbey; Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia No. 227, 2 (1950)

Name: Snow paintbrush

Distribution: USA (SW-Montana, NW-Wyoming)

73 USA

species :

Castilleja nivibractea G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 78(2): 132 (1995)

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja nubigena Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 330 (1817)

Distribution: Colombia (Boyacá, Santander); Venezuela (Lara, Merida, Tachira, Trujillo); Ecuador; Bolivia (La Paz)

82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja fissifolia subsp. nubigena (Kunth) Melch.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 121 (1931)

= Castilleja fissifolia var. nubigena (Kunth) Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 119 (1860)

= Castilleja trifida Willd. ex Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 3: 394 (1844)

species :

Castilleja occidentalis Torr.; Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 2: 230 (1828)

Name: Western paintbrush

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, Utah)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 77 USA

species :

Castilleja ophiocephala Tank & J.M.Egger; Syst. Bot. 34(1): 187 (2009)

Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ophiocephalus angustifolius Wiggins; Contr. Dudley Herb. 1: 176 (1933)

species :

Castilleja oresbia Greenm.; Bot. Gaz. 48: 147 (1909)

Name: Pale Wallowa paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Oregon)

73 USA

species :

Castilleja organorum Standl.; Muhlenbergia 5: 86 (1909)

Name: Organ Mountain paintbrush

Distribution: USA (New Mexico: Organ Mts.)

77 USA

species :

Castilleja ornata Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 571 (1909)

Name: Glowing paintbrush

Distribution: USA (SW-New Mexico); Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Sinaloa, Sonora)

77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja lithospermoides var. flava S.Watson ex B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 26: 173 (1891), pro syn.

= Castilleja pediaca Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 569 (1909)

species :

Castilleja ortegae Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 174 (1936), nom. nov.

Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Sinaloa, Sonora)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja lithospermoides var. major Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 530 (1846)

species :

Castilleja pallescens (Nutt. ex A.Gray) Greenm.; Bot. Gaz. 25: 266 (1898)

Name: Pale paintbrush

Distribution: Canada (Alberta); USA (Idaho, Montana, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja fasciculata A.Nelson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 26: 133 (1899)

= Euchroma pallescens Nutt. ex A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 299 (1878)

= Orthocarpus parryi A.Gray; Amer. Naturalist 8: 214 (1874)

variant :

var. inverta (A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.) Edwin; Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 72 (1959)

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Nevada, Oregon)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja fasciculata var. inverta A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.; Bot. Gaz. 55: 381 (1913)

= Castilleja inverta (A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.) Pennell & Ownbey; Fl. Idaho 614 (1952)

= Castilleja pilosa var. inverta (A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.) Greenm.; Bot. Gaz. 61: 44 (1916)

species :

Castilleja pallida (L.) Kunth; Syn. Pl. [Kunth] 2: 100 (1823)

Distribution: E-European Russia (S-Ural); Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; China (Heilongjiang, Nei Mongol); Mongolia

14 RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 36 CHI 37 MON

Synonyms: hidden

= Bartsia acuminata Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 2: 429 (1813)

= Bartsia pallida L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 602 (1753)

= Bartsia rubricoma Pall.; Reise Russ. Reich. 3: 34 (1776)

= Bartsia sibirica Pall.; Reise Russ. Reich. 2: 123 (1773), nom. illeg.

= Castilleja acuminata (Pursh) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 775 (1825)

= Castilleja acuminata Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 24(2): 321 (1851), nom. illeg.

= Castilleja pallida (L.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 774 (1825), isonym

= Castilleja pallida f. tincta Cockerell; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 17: 36 (1890)

= Castilleja pallida var. acuminata (Pursh) MacMill.; Metasp. Minnesota Valley 470 (1892)

= Castilleja pallida var. alpina Porter; Syn. Fl. Colorado 96 (1874)

= Castilleja pallida var. communis Regel & Tiling; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 114 (1858)

= Castilleja pallida var. linifolia Regel & Tiling; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 114 (1858)

= Castilleja sibirica Lindl.; Bot. Reg. 11: t. 925 (1825)

= Rhinanthus acuminatus Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 5: 624 (1817)

= Rhinanthus pallidus (L.) Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 2: 60 (1786)

variant :

var. caudata (Pennell) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 79: [320] (1952)

Name: Pale paintbrush

Distribution: Siberia (Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan); Alaska; Canada (N. W. T., Nunavut, Yukon)

30 SIB 31 RFE 70 ASK CDN

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja annua Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 86: 533 (1934)

= Castilleja caudata (Pennell) A.W.Johnson & Packer; Bot. Not. 121: 448 (1968), isonym

= Castilleja caudata (Pennell) Rebrist.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 296 (1964)

= Castilleja caudata var. auricoma (Pennell) Hultén; Fl. Alaska & Yukon 9: 1390 (1949)

= Castilleja pallida subsp. auricoma Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 86: 525 (1934)

= Castilleja pallida subsp. caudata Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 82: 524 (1934)

= Castilleja pallida var. auricoma (Pennell) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 79: [320] (1952)

variant :

var. yukonis (Pennell) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 76 (2008)

Name: Yukon paintbrush

Distribution: Siberia (Yakutia); Russian Far East (Magadan); Alaska; Canada (Northern Territories, Yukon)

30 SIB 31 RFE 70 ASK CDN

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja muelleri Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 86: 533 (1934)

= Castilleja yukonis Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 86: 531 (1934)

species :

Castilleja palmeri Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 570 (1909)

Distribution: Mexico (Durango)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja papilionacea G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 73(5): 385 (1992)

Distribution: Mexico (Tamaulipas)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja paramensis F.González & Pabón-Mora; Caldasia 35(2): 264 (2013)

Distribution: Colombia (Boyacá, Cundinamarca, Santander)

82 CLM

species :

Castilleja parviflora Bong.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 5(2): 157 (1840)

Name: Small-flowered paintbrush

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Yukon); USA (California)

70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja coccinea Douglas; Bot. Reg. 14: t. 1136 (1828)

= Castilleja desertorum Geyer; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 5: 258 (1853)

= Castilleja henryae Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 86: 534 (1934)

variant :

var. albida (Pennell) Ownbey; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C.L. Hitchcock et al.] 4: 317 (1959)

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (Washington State)

71 CDN 73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja oreopola subsp. albida Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 99: 188 (1947)

variant :

var. olympica (G.N.Jones) Ownbey; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C.L. Hitchcock et al.] 4: 317 (1959)

Name: Olympic paintbrush

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (Washington State)

71 CDN 73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja olympica G.N.Jones; Univ. Wash. Publ. Biol. 5: 231 (1936)

variant :

var. oreopola (Greenm.) Ownbey; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C.L. Hitchcock et al.] 4: 317 (1959)

Name: Henry´s paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Oregon, Washington State)

73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja miniata var. alpina Suksd.; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 18: 155 (1900)

= Castilleja oreopola Greenm.; Bot. Gaz. 25: 264 (1898)

= Castilleja oreopola subsp. olympica Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 99: 188 (1947)

= Castilleja oreopola var. subintegra Fernald; Erythea 6: 45 (1898)

species :

Castilleja parvula Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 40 (1907)

Name: Tushar Mountains paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Utah: Tushar Mts.)

76 USA

species :

Castilleja patriotica Fernald; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 40: 56 (1904)

Name: Patriotic paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico); Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Sonora)

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja blumeri Standl.; Muhlenbergia 5: 46 (1909)

= Castilleja galeata A.Nelson; Amer. J. Bot. 18: 439 (1931)

= Castilleja patriotica var. blumeri (Standl.) Kearney & Peebles; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 29: 491 (1939)

species :

Castilleja pavlovii Rebrist.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 294 (1964)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan)

31 RFE

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja olgae A.P.Khokhr.; Biol. Rast. i Fl. Sev. Dal´n. Vostok. (ed. M.T.Mazurenko): 16 (1981)

= Castilleja pallida subsp. pavlovii (Rebrist.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128(4): 518 (1975 publ. 1976)

= Castilleja pallida subsp. saccata Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 86: 523 (1934)

= Castilleja pallida var. saccata (Pennell) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 76 (2008)

species :

Castilleja peckiana Pennell; Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia No. 74, 9 (1941)

Name: Peck´s paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Nevada, Oregon, Idaho)

73 USA 76 USA

species :

Castilleja pectinata M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 12(2): 27 (1845)

Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco, Mexico State, Puebla, Veracruz); ?Guatemala

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja orizabae Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 533 (1846)

variant :

var. purpusii (Brandegee) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 78 (2008)

Distribution: Mexico

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja purpusii Brandegee.; Zoe 5: 181 (1904)

species :

Castilleja peirsonii Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 175 (1935)

Name: Peirson´s paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California: Sierra Nevada, W-Nevada)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja carterae Beane; Contr. Dudley Herb. 4: 37 (1950)

species :

Castilleja perelegans G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 73(5): 408 (1992)

Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Sinaloa)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja peruviana T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 17(3): 426 (1992)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Castilleja pilosa (S.Watson) Rydb.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 361 (1900)

Name: Hairy paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California, Nevada, Oregon)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja jusselii Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 243 (1940)

= Castilleja ochracea Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 91 (1941)

= Castilleja pilosa subsp. jusselii (Eastw.) Munz; Aliso 4: 98 (1958)

= Castilleja pratensis A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 139 (1906)

= Castilleja psittacina (Eastw.) Pennell; Ill. Fl. Pacific States 3: 825 (1951)

= Castilleja rubida var. monoensis (Jeps.) Edwin; Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 72 (1959)

= Orthocarpus pallescens A.Gray; Botany (Fortieth Parallel) 231 (1871), nom. illeg.

= Orthocarpus pilosus S.Watson; Botany (Fortieth Parallel) 231, 459 (1871)

= Orthocarpus pilosus var. monoensis Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 940 (1925)

= Orthocarpus psittacinus Eastw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 78 (1902)

variant :

var. longispica (A.Nelson) N.H.Holmgren; Intermount. Fl. [Cronquist et al.] 4: 480 (1984)

Name: White paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Montana, Wyoming)

73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja longispica A.Nelson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 480 (1899)

variant :

var. steenensis (Pennell) N.H.Holmgren; Intermount. Fl. [Cronquist et al.] 4: 480 (1984)

Name: Steen´s Mountain paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Oregon)

73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja steenensis Pennell; Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia No. 74, 4 (1941)

species :

Castilleja plagiotoma A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 93 (1883)

Name: Mojave Desert paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California: W-Mojave Desert)

76 USA

species :

Castilleja porphyrosceptron G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 73(5): 384 (1992)

Distribution: Mexico (Tamaulipas)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja praeterita Heckard & Bacig.; Madroño 20: 209 (1970)

Name: Salmon Creek paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California: SE-Sierra Nevada)

76 USA

species :

Castilleja pringlei Fernald; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 40: 56 (1904)

Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Morelos)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja profunda T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 17(3): 427 (1992)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Castilleja pruinosa Fernald; Erythea 50 (1898)

Name: Frosted paintbrush

Distribution: USA (NW-California, SW-Oregon)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja globosa Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 240 (1940)

= Castilleja muscipula Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 242 (1940)

= Castilleja muscipula var. angustifolia Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 243 (1940)

= Castilleja muscipula var. armeniaca Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 242 (1940)

= Castilleja nevadensis Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 175 (1935)

species :

Castilleja pseudohyperborea Rebrist.; Arktichesk. Fl. S.S.S.R.8: 286 (1980)

Distribution: Siberia (Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Magadan)

30 SIB 31 RFE

species :

Castilleja pseudopallescens Edwin; Phytologia 19: 404 (1970)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Castilleja pterocaulon N.H.Holmgren; Brittonia 28(2): 206 (1976)

Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Jalisco)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja puberula Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 644 (1904)

Name: Shortflower paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Colorado, Montana)

73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja flavoviridis Kelso; Madroño 1: 241 (1929)

species :

Castilleja pulchella Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 40 (1907)

Name: Beautiful paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Montana, Utah, Wyoming)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja pulchella var. acutina E.H.Kelso; Rhodora 37: 227 (1935)

species :

Castilleja pumila (Benth.) Wedd.; Chlor. Andina, t. 61 (1860)

Name: Albahaca [Chile]

Distribution: Colombia (Boyacá); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Tarija); Argentina (Jujuy, Tucuman); Chile (Arica y Parinacota, Tarapacá)

82 CLM 83 BOL ECU PER 85 ARG CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja bracteata Edwin; Phytologia 19: 402 (1970)

= Castilleja fissifolia subvar. hispidior Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 119 (1860)

= Castilleja fissifolia subsp. pumila (Benth.) Melch.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 122 (1931)

= Castilleja fissifolia subsp. pumila (Benth.) Wedd. ex Melch.; Chlor. Andina 2: 119 (1860)

= Castilleja fissifolia var. pumila (Benth.) Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 119 (1860)

= Castilleja nubigena var. pumila Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 534 (1846)

species :

Castilleja purpurascens Greenman; Bot. Gaz. 42: 146 (1906)

Distribution: Canada (W-Alberta, British Colombia)

71 CDN

species :

Castilleja purpurea (Nutt.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 615 (1838)

Name: Downy paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Texas)

74 USA 75 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja purpurea f. corallina Waterf.; Rhodora 56: 160 (1954)

= Castilleja ×williamsii Pennell; Monogr. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1: 530 (1935), pro sp.

= Euchroma purpurea Nutt.; Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s. 5: 180 (1837)

species :

Castilleja quiexobrensis G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 78(2): 131 (1995)

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja quirosii Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 18: 1104 (1938)

Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama

80 COS PAN

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja aurantiaca Pennell; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 27: 338 (1940)

= Castilleja bicolor Pennell; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 27: 340 (1940)

= Castilleja chiriquiensis Pennell; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 27: 338 (1940)

= Castilleja seibertii Pennell; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 27: 339 (1940)

species :

Castilleja racemosa (Breedlove & Heckard) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 16(4): 660 (1991)

Distribution: Mexico (Sinaloa)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentrya racemosa Breedlove & Heckard; Brittonia 22: 21 (1970)

species :

Castilleja raupii Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 86: 528 (1934)

Name: Raup´s paintbrush

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon)

70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja raupii subsp. ursina Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 86: 530 (1934)

species :

Castilleja revealii N.H.Holmgren; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 100(2): 87 (1973)

Name: Reveal´s paintbrush, Bryce Canyon paintbrush

Distribution: USA (SC-Utah)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja parvula var. revealii (N.H.Holmgren) N.D.Atwood; Great Basin Naturalist 46(2): 260 (1986)

species :

Castilleja rhexifolia Rydb.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 356 (1900)

Name: Rosy paintbrush

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja humilis Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 37 (1907)

= Castilleja lanceifolia Rydb.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 357 (1900)

= Castilleja lauta A.Nelson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 269 (1900)

= Castilleja leonardii Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 36 (1907)

= Castilleja magna Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 36 (1907)

= Castilleja obtusiloba Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 31: 644 (1904)

= Castilleja oregonensis Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 66: 217 (1919)

= Castilleja purpurascens Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 38 (1907), nom. illeg.

= Castilleja subpurpurascens Rydb.; Fl. Rocky Mts. 791 (1917)

species :

Castilleja rhizomata N.H.Holmgren; Brittonia 28(2): 199 (1976)

Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja rigida Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 575 (1909)

Name: Rigid paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Veracruz, Zacatecas)

77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja latebracteata Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 73: 533 (1921 publ. 1922)

species :

Castilleja roei Crosswh.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 83: 630 (1970)

Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Nayarit, Sinaloa)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja rubicundula (Jeps.) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 16(4): 658 (1991)

Name: Pink cream sacs

Distribution: USA (California)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Orthocarpus rubicundulus Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 943 (1925)

variant :

var. lithospermoides (Benth.) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 78 (2008)

Name: Cream sacs

Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja rubicundula subsp. lithospermoides (Benth.) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 16(4): 658 (1991)

= Orthocarpus bicolor A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 1: 59 (1904)

= Orthocarpus lithospermoides Benth.; Scroph. Ind. 13 (1835)

= Orthocarpus lithospermoides var. bicolor (A.Heller) Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 942 (1925)

species :

Castilleja rubida Piper; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 398 (1900)

Name: Little reddish paintbrush

Distribution: USA (NE-Oregon)

73 USA

species :

Castilleja rubra (Drobow) Rebrist.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 298 (1964)

Distribution: Siberia (Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan)

30 SIB 31 RFE

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja pallida subsp. dahurica Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 86: 525 (1934)

= Castilleja pallida var. rubra Drobow; Rastit. Yakutsko-Ust´-Maiskogo Trakta 248 (1914)

= Castilleja rubra var. multicaulis Nikolin; Rast. Mir Aziatsk. Rossii 28(4): 32 (2017)

species :

Castilleja rupicola Piper ex Fernald; Erythea 45 (1898)

Name: Cliff paintbrush

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (Oregon, Washington State)

71 CDN 73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja andrewsii L.F.Hend.; Madroño 3: 31 (1935)

species :

Castilleja salaisolaveae J.M.Egger, C.G.Velazco-Macías & Huereca; Phytoneuron 2022-52: 2 (2022)

Distribution: Mexico (Nuevo León)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja salsuginosa N.H.Holmgren; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 100(2): 83 (1973)

Name: Monte Neva paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Nevada: White Pine Co.)

76 USA

species :

Castilleja saltensis Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 572 (1909)

Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Sinaloa)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja scabrida Eastw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 523 (1902)

Name: Zion paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Colorado, New Mexico, Utah)

73 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja zionis Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 91 (1941)

variant :

var. barnebyana (Eastw.) N.H.Holmgren; Intermount. Fl. [Cronquist et al.] 4: 488 (1984)

Name: Barneby´s paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Nevada, Utah)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja barnebyana Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 88 (1941)

= Castilleja calcicola Pennell; Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 45 (1959) ex Edwin

species :

Castilleja schizotricha Greenm.; Bot. Gaz. 53: 511 (1912)

Name: Splithair paintbrush

Distribution: USA (NW-California, SW-Oregon)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja arachnoidea subsp. schizotricha (Greenm.) Pennell; Ill. Fl. Pacific States 3: 824 (1951)

= Orthocarpus schizotrichus (Greenm.) Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 940 (1925)

species :

Castilleja scorzonerifolia Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 331 (1818)

Distribution: Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Caquetá, Cauca, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, Meta, Nariño, Putumayo, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Valle); Venezuela (Anzoategui, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Sucre, Tachira, Trujillo, Yaracuy); Venezuela (Anzoategui, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Tachira, Yaracuy); Ecuador; Galapagos; Peru; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija); WC-Brazil (Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Uruguay (Canelones, Cerro Largo, Maldonado, Montevideo, Rio Negro); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, San Luis)

63 haw 79 MEX 80 COS GUA NIC PAN 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU GAL PER 84 BRA 85 ARG URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja glandulosa Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 41: 247 (1905)

= Castilleja lithospermoides Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 331, t. 164 (1817)

= Castilleja pulcherrima Sessé & Moc.; Naturaleza (Mexico City), Ser. 2, 1(App.): 96 (1889)

species :

Castilleja septentrionalis Lindl.; Bot. Reg. 11: t. 925 (1825)

Name: Northern paintbrush

Distribution: Canada (Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Québec, Alberta, British Columbia); USA (Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, South Dakota, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, Vermont)

70 CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja brunnescens Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 31: 643 (1904)

= Castilleja luteovirens Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 26 (1901)

= Castilleja pallida subsp. septentrionalis (Lindl.) Scoggan; Fl. Canada 52 (1978)

= Castilleja pallida var. septentrionalis (Lindl.) A.Gray; Bot. California [W.H.Brewer] 1: 575 (1876)

= Castilleja rhexifolia var. sulphurea (Rydb.) N.D.Atwood; Great Basin Naturalist 46(2): 260 (1986)

= Castilleja septentrionalis var. micmacorum J.Rousseau; Canad. J. Res. 28, sec. C: 239 (1950)

= Castilleja sulphurea Rydb.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 359 (1900)

= Castilleja wyomingensis Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 502 (1901)

species :

Castilleja sessiliflora Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 2: 738 (1813)

Name: Downy paintedcup

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan); USA (Arizona, Colorado, Iowa, Illinois, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, Wisconsin, Wyoming); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Coahuila, Jalisco, Nuevo León, Sonora, Zacatecas)

71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Bartsia grandiflora (Nutt.) Spreng.; Ersch & Grub, Allgem. Encyc. 7: 461 (1821)

= Castilleja grandiflora (Nutt.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 755 (1825)

= Castilleja sessiliflora f. purpurina Pennell; Monogr. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1: 525 (1935)

= Castilleja sessiliflora subsp. betheli Cockerell; Torreya 18: 181 (1918)

= Euchroma grandiflora Nutt.; Gen. N. Amer. Pl. [Nuttall] 2: 55 (1818)

species :

Castilleja sphaerostigma Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 569 (1909)

Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Sinaloa, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja spiranthoides Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 174 (1936)

Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Sinaloa)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja stenophylla M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 12: 67 (1908)

Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Jalisco, Sonora)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja steyermarkii Pennell; Fieldiana, Bot. 28(3): 517 (1953)

Distribution: Venezuela (Merida, Tachira)

82 VEN

species :

Castilleja stipifolia G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 73(5): 404 (1992)

Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja subalpina Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 584 (1909)

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

79 MEX

Remarks: provisionally accepted name, status uncertain fide Egger 2023

species :

Castilleja subinclusa Greene; Pittonia 4: 2 (1899)

Name: Longleaf paintbrush

Distribution: USA (C-California)

76 USA

variant :

var. franciscana (Pennell) G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 73(4): 409 (1992)

Name: Longleaf paintbrush

Distribution: USA (NW-California, C-California)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja franciscana Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 99: 188 (1947)

= Castilleja subinclusa subsp. franciscana (Pennell) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Novon 2(3): 188 (1992)

variant :

var. jepsonii (Bacig. & Heckard) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 79 (2008)

Distribution: USA (S-California); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

76 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja jepsonii Bacig. & Heckard; Leafl. W. Bot. 10: 282 (1966)

species :

Castilleja suksdorfii A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 22: 311 (1887)

Name: Suksdorf´s paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Oregon, Washington State)

73 USA

species :

Castilleja talamancensis N.H.Holmgren; Brittonia 30(2): 187 (1978)

Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama

80 COS PAN

species :

Castilleja tapeinoclada Loes.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 3: 285 (1903)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja katakyptusa Loes.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 3: 286 (1903)

= Castilleja tapeinoclada var. hirta Loes.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 3: 285 (1903)

= Castilleja tapeinoclada var. subglabra Loes.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 3: 285 (1903)

species :

Castilleja tayloriorum N.H.Holmgren; Brittonia 30(2): 193 (1978)

Distribution: Costa Rica

80 COS

species :

Castilleja tenella Rebrist.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 303 (1964)

Distribution: Siberia (Yakutia)

30 SIB

species :

Castilleja tenuiflora Benth.; Pl. Hartw. [Bentham] 22 (1846)

Name: Santa Catalina paintbrush

Distribution: USA (SE-Arizona, New Mexico); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas)

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja anthemidifolia Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 528 (1846)

= Castilleja canescens Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 533 (1846)

= Castilleja integrifolia Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 330 (1818), nom. illeg.

= Castilleja laxa A.Gray; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 119 (1858 publ. 1859)

= Castilleja longiflora Kunze; Linnaea 16: 312 (1842) [synonymy fide Egger 2023]

= Castilleja retrorsa Standl.; Muhlenbergia 5: 81 (1909)

= Castilleja scabridula Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 586 (1909)

= Castilleja setosa Pennell; Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 43: 8 (1940)

variant :

var. tancitaroana (G.L.Nesom) J.M.Egger; Phytologia 90(1): 79 (2008)

Distribution: Mexico (Michoacán, Guerrero, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Veracruz, México Distrito Federal, México State, Puebla, Hidalgo)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja tancitaroana G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 73(5): 401 (1992)

variant :

var. xylorrhiza (Eastw.) G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 73(5): 393 (1992)

Distribution: Mexico (Nuevo León)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja xylorrhiza Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 586 (1909)

species :

Castilleja tenuifolia M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 12(2): 30 (1845)

subspecies :

subsp. tenuifolia

Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Oaxaca, Sinaloa)

79 MEX

subspecies :

subsp. aurea B.L.Rob. & Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 32: 39 (1896)

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja tenuis (A.Heller) T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 16(4): 658 (1991)

Name: Hairy paintbrush

Distribution: Alaska [I]; Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Washington State)

70 ask 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Orthocarpus falcatus Eastw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 212 (1905)

= Orthocarpus hispidus Benth.; Scroph. Ind. 13 (1835), non Castilleja hispida Benth. 1838

= Orthocarpus hispidus var. tenuis (A.Heller) J.F.Macbr. & Payson; Contr. Gray Herb. 49: 70 (1917)

= Orthocarpus rarior Suksd.; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 12: 27 (1906)

= Orthocarpus tenuis A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 1: 45 (1906)

= Triphysaria hispida (Benth.) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 484 (1913)

species :

Castilleja thompsonii Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 99: 178 (1947)

Name: Thompson´s paintbrush

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (Oregon, Washington State)

71 CDN 73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja villicaulis Pennell & Ownbey; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 99: 177 (1947)

species :

Castilleja tolucensis Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 329 (1818)

Distribution: Mexico (Mexico State, Michoacán, Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja tomentosa A.Gray; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 118 (1858 publ. 1859)

Distribution: USA (New Mexico: S-Hidalgo Co.); Mexico (Sonora)

77 USA 79 MEX

species :

Castilleja trujillensis Pennell; Fieldiana, Bot. 28(3): 518 (1953)

Distribution: Venezuela (Trujillo)

82 VEN

species :

Castilleja uliginosa Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 117 (1942)

Name: Pitkin Marsh paintbrush

Distribution: USA (California: Sonoma Co.)

76 USA

species :

Castilleja unalaschcensis (Cham. & Schltdl.) Malte; Rhodora 36: 187 (1934)

Name: Coastal paintbrush, Unalaska paintbrush

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka); Alaska; Canada (British Columbia, Yukon)

31 RFE 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja pallida var. unalaschcensis Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 2: 581 (1827)

= Castilleja unalaschcensis subsp. transnivalis Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 86: 537 (1934)

species :

Castilleja vadosa T.I.Chuang & Heckard; Syst. Bot. 17(3): 429 (1992)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Castilleja variocolorata A.P.Khokhr.; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prír., Otd. Biol. 88(5): 95 (1983)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Magadan)

31 RFE

species :

Castilleja venusta Rzed.; Bol. Soc. Bot. México 35: 43 (1975)

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja victoriae Fairbarns & J.M.Egger; Madroño 54(4): 335 (2008)

Distribution: Canada (Vancouver Isl.); USA (Washington State)

71 CDN 73 USA

Conservation Status: globally endangered

species :

Castilleja virgata (Wedd.) Edwin; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 13: 665 (1971)

Distribution: Colombia (Nariño); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)

82 CLM 83 BOL ECU PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja fissifolia subvar. virgata Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 119 (1860)

species :

Castilleja virgayoides Edwin; Phytologia 19: 405 (1970)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Castilleja viscidula A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 297 (1878)

Name: Sticky paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Nevada, Oregon)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja magnistylis Edwin; Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 47 (1959)

species :

Castilleja wightii Elmer; Bot. Gaz. 41: 322 (1906)

Distribution:

Error

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja episcopalis Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 99: 182 (1947)

= Castilleja inornata Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 90 (1941)

= Castilleja latifolia var. rubra (Pennell) J.T.Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 5: 107 (1948)

= Castilleja latifolia var. wightii (Elmer) Zeile; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 937 (1925)

= Castilleja wightii subsp. rubra Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 99: 183 (1947)

species :

Castilleja wootonii Standl.; Muhlenbergia 5: 84 (1909)

Name: Sacramento Mountain paintbrush

Distribution: USA (New Mexico, Texas)

77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Castilleja ciliata Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 92: 306 (1941)

species :

Castilleja xanthotricha Pennell; Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia No. 74, 5 (1941)

Name: Yellowhair paintbrush

Distribution: USA (NC-Oregon)

Error

species :

Castilleja zempoaltepetlensis G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 73(3): 247 (1992)

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

79 MEX

species :

Castilleja ×porterae Cockerell; Nature 70: 319 (1904)

Distribution: USA (Nevada)

76 USA

Remarks: C. miniata x C. septentrionalis

species :

Castilleja ×wallowensis Pennell; Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia No. 74, 7 (1941), pro spec.

Name: Wallowa paintbrush

Distribution: USA (Oregon: Wallowa Mts.)

73 USA

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.03 (March 6th, 2025)

Covering 356,112 accepted species,
8,776 hybrids, 48,085 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,454 synonyms,
in total 1,415,427* names

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.03 (March 6th, 2025)

Covering 356,112 accepted species, 8,776 hybrids, 48,085 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,454 synonyms, in total 1,415,427* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Covering 356,112 accepted species,
8,776 hybrids, 48,085 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,454 synonyms,
in total 1,415,427* names

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]