060.0000
Family
Pinaceae Spreng. ex F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 35 (1830), nom. cons.
10 genera, ca. 220 spp.
Species listed in database: 236; hybrids: 31
= Cedraceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 265, 280 (1818)
= Abietaceae Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 222, 223 (1822), nom. cons.
= Piceaceae Gorozh.; Lekts. Morf. Sist. Archegon. 79 (1904)
= Pseudolaricoideae L.Chu Li; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33(5): 429 (1995)
= Lariceae Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 354 (1913)
060.3001
Genus
Abies Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4: s. p. (1754)
Distribution: north-temperate. Systematics and species list taken from Farjon (2017)
Species listed in database: 46; hybrids: 3
= Peuce Rich.; Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 16: 298 (1810)
species :
Abies alba
Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 1 (1768)
Name: Weiß-Tanne (DE), European or common silver fir (EN)
Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland [I], Isle of Man [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Denmark [I]; Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Belgium [I]; Luxembourg [I]; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen [I], Hessen [I], Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [I], Niedersachsen [I], Nordrhein-Westfalen [I], Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein [I], Saarland [I], Sachsen, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; Andorra; France; Corsica; Italy; San Marino [I]; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; N-Greece; ?European Turkey; Estonia [I]; Belarus; Ukraine; Cyprus [I]; USA [I] (North Carolina [I])
10 den grb ire nor swe 11 AUT bgm CZE GER HUN LIE lux POL SLO SWI 12 ADO COR FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT ROM SLV sma SRB 14 BLR est UKR 34 cyp 78 usa
Remarks: Sect. Abies
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies alba subsp. apennina Brullo, Scelsi & Spamp.; Vegetaz. Aspromonte 41 (2001)
= Abies alba subsp. pardei (Gaussen) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 36 (2008)
= Abies alba var. brevifolia Mattf.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 1925: 22 (1925)
= Abies alba var. caerulea J.Nelson; Pinaceae [Nelson] 47 (1866)
= Abies alba var. glauca Gordon; Pinetum 3 (1855)
= Abies alba var. pardei (Gaussen) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 9 (1990)
= Abies alba var. podolica R.I.Schröd.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 1899: 121 (1899)
= Abies alba var. virescens (R.Hinterh. & J.Hinterh.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 673 (1881)
= Abies argentea Chambr.; Traité Prat. Arbr. Résin. Conif. 17 (1845)
= Abies baldensis Zuccagni ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 674 (1881)
= Abies brevifolia (Hort.) Dallim.; Conif. Cult. Rep. (R.H.S.) 9 (1932)
= Abies candicans Fisch. ex Endl.; Syn. Conif. 96 (1847)
= Abies duplex Hormuz.; 194 (1927)
= Abies excelsa Link; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1830: 182 (1830), nom. illeg.
= Abies metensis Hort.Par. ex Gordon; Pinetum, ed. 2: 211 (1875)
= Abies minor Gilib.; Exerc. Phyt. 2: 412 (1792)
= Abies nobilis A.Dietr.; 793 (1824)
= Abies pardei Gaussen; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse 57: 358 (1928 publ. 1929)
= Abies pardei subsp. pancicii Rac & Lovric; Simpoz. Proucavanje Biljnog Zivotinjskog Sveta sa Aspekta Problema Zastite i Unapredenja Zivotne Sredine Kragujevac 80 (1988)
= Abies pectinata Lam. ex DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 3: 14 (1805) (nom. illeg.)
= Abies pectinata var. variegata J.Forbes; Pinet. Woburn. 107 (1839)
= Abies picea (L.) Bluff & Fingerh.; 541 (1825), nom. illeg.
= Abies picea (L.) Lindl.; Penny Cyclop. 1: 29 (1833)
= Abies taxifolia Desf.; Tabl. École Bot., ed. 1 (Cat. Pl. Horti Paris.) 356 (1804) non Duhamel
= Abies vulgaris Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 6: 514 (1805)
= Picea cinerea Baumann ex Gordon; Pinetum 153 (1858)
= Picea kukunaria Wender.; Pflanz. Bot. Gaerten 11 (1832)
= Picea metensis Gordon; Pinetum 152 (1858)
= Picea pectinata Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2329 (1838)
= Picea pyramidalis Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 49 (1862)
= Picea rinzi Gordon; Pinetum 152 (1858)
= Picea tenuifolia Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. 433 (1891)
= Pinus abies Du Roi; Diss. Observ. Bot. 39 (1771)
= Pinus abies var. leioclada (Steven) Endl.; Syn. Conif. 96 (1847)
= Pinus abies var. pectinata (Lam.) Christ; Verh. Naturf. Ges. Basel 3: 542 (1863)
= Pinus alba var. planifolia (Mill.) Münchh.; Hausvater 5: 222 (1770)
= Pinus baldensis Zuccagni; Roem. Collect. 158 (1806)
= Pinus leioclada Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 1: 44 (1838)
= Pinus lucida Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 399 (1796)
= Pinus pectinata Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 202 (1779), nom. illeg.
= Pinus picea L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1001 (1753)
= Pinus picea var. leioclada (Steven) Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 3: 669 (1850)
species :
Abies amabilis
(Douglas ex Loudon) Douglas ex J.Forbes; Pinet. Woburn. 125. I. 44 (1839)
Name: Pacific silver fir
Distribution: SE-Alaska; Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Oregon, Washington State)
70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA
Remarks: Sect. Amabilis
Synonyms: hidden
= Picea amabilis Douglas ex Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2342 (1838)
= Pinus amabilis Douglas; Compan. Bot. Mag. 2: 93 (1836)
species :
Abies balsamea
(L.) Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 3 (1768)
Name: Balsam fir
Distribution: Slovakia [I]; Estonia [I]; Uzbekistan [c]; Canada (Alberta, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Connecticut, Iowa, Indiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
11 slo 14 est 32 uzb 70 CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Remarks: Sect. Balsamea
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies aromatica Raf.; Atlantic J. 119 (1832)
= Abies balsamea var. brachylepis Willk.; Index Sem. (Dorpat) 1868: 7 (1869)
= Abies balsamea var. fraseri (Pursh) Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] 11: 422 (1841)
= Abies balsamea var. longifolia Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2339 (1838)
= Abies balsamea var. macrocarpa A.H.Kent; Man. Conif. new ed. 492 (1900)
= Abies balsamifera Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 2: 207 (1803)
= Abies minor Duhamel ex Gordon; Pinetum 143 (1858)
= Peuce balsamea Rich.; Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 16: 298 (1810)
= Picea aromatica Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 310 (1867)
= Picea balsamea Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 6: 2339
= Picea balsamea var. fraseri (Pursh) J.Nelson; Pinaceae [Nelson] 179 (1866)
= Picea balsamea var. longifolia Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2339 (1838)
= Picea balsamea var. nana J.Nelson; Pinaceae [Nelson] 37 (1866)
= Picea fraseri Emers.; Trees Massach. 88 (1846) non (Pursh) Loudon
= Pinus balsamea L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1002 (1753)
= Pinus taxifolia Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 399 (1796)
variant :
var. phanerolepis
Fernald; Rhodora 11: 203 (1909)
Distribution: Estonia [I]; Canada (New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec); USA (Maine, New Hampshire, Virginia, Vermont, West Virginia)
14 est 72 CDN 75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies balsamea subsp. phanerolepis (Fernald) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 18 (1982)
= Abies intermedia Fulling; Castanea 1: 93 (1936)
= Abies balsamea f. phanerolepis (Fernald) Rehder; Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 2: 16 (1940)
= Abies ×phanerolepis (Fernald) T.S.Liu; Monogr. Gen. Abies 316 (1971)
species :
Abies beshanzuensis
M.H.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 14(2): 16 (1976)
Name: Baishan fir
Distribution: China (SW-Zhejiang)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Momi
Conservation Status: IUCN E. Only about 3-5 specimens known in the wild
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies fabri subsp. beshanzuensis (M.H.Wu) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 39 (2008)
= Abies faberi var. beshanzuensis (M.H.Wu) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 13 (1990)
species :
Abies bracteata
(D.Don) Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 394 (1841)
Name: Santa Lucia fir, Bristlecone fir
Distribution: USA (California: Santa Lucia Mts.)
76 USA
Remarks: Sect. Bracteata
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies bracteata (D.Don) Poit.; Rev. Hort. (Paris), Sér. 2, 4: 7 (1845)
= Abies venusta (Douglas) K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(2): 210 (1873)
= Picea bracteata (D.Don) Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2348 (1838)
= Pinus venusta Douglas; Compan. Bot. Mag. 2: 152 (1836)
species :
Abies cephalonica
J.W.Loudon; Gard. Mag. & Reg. Rural Domest. Improv. 14: 81 (1838)
Name: Griechische Tanne (DE), Grecian fir (EN)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Hungary [I]; Slovenia [I]; Serbia; Kosovo [c]; Greece (mountains in mainland, Evvoia, Kefallenia); East Aegaean Isl.; Cyprus [I]
11 ger hun 13 GRC kos slv SRB 34 cyp EAI
Remarks: Sect. Abies. Due to introgression (see Abies x borisii-regis) northern populations are not pure.
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies alba var. cephalonica (Loudon) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 5 (1890)
= Abies apollinis Link; Linnaea 15: 528 (1841)
= Abies apollinis var. panachaica (Heldr.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 702 (1884)
= Abies apollinis var. reginae-amaliae (Heldr.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 702 (1884)
= Abies cephalonica subsp. apollinis (Link) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 37 (2008)
= Abies cephalonica subsp. peloponnesiaca (Haage ex K.Koch) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 37 (2008)
= Abies cephalonica var. arcadica Henkel & W.Hochst.; Syn. Nadelhölz. 182 (1865)
= Abies cephalonica var. graeca (Fraas) T.S.Liu; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 25 (1-2): 95 (1972), without basionym ref., & T. S. Liu. Monogr. Abies 222, 354 (1971 publ. 1973), validly publ., et in Quart J. Taiwan Mus., 27 (1-2): 220 (1974)
= Abies cephalonica var. heterophylla K.Koch; Linnaea 22: 295 (1849)
= Abies cephalonica var. parnassica Henkel & W.Hochst.; Syn. Nadelhölz. 181 (1865)
= Abies cephalonica var. reginae-amaliae (Heldr.) Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. 441 (1891)
= Abies cephalonica var. submutica Bailly; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 60: 578 (1888)
= Abies luscombeana Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2325 (1838)
= Abies panachaica Heldr. ex Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 422 (1868)
= Abies peloponnesiaca Haage; Wochenschr. Gärtnerei Pflanzenk. 1: Gartennachr. 12 (1858)
= Abies peloponnesiaca Haage ex Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 422 (1868)
= Abies picea var. apollinis (Link) Lindl. & Gordon; J. Hort. Soc. London 5: 210 (1850)
= Abies reginae-amaliae Heldr.; Gartenflora 9: 313 (1860)
= Picea apollinis Rauch ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 44 (1862)
= Picea apollinis var. panachaica (Heldr.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 702 (1884)
= Picea cephalonica Loudon; Encycl. Trees Shrubs 1039, f. 1940 (1842)
= Picea cephalonica var. panachaica (Heldr.) Lindl.; Pinet. Brit. 2: 175 (1868)
= Picea panachaica Heldr. ex.Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 283 (1867)
= Pinus abies var. apollinis (Link) Endl.; Syn. Conif. 96 (1847)
= Pinus abies var. cephalonica (Loudon) Christ; Verh. Naturf. Ges. Basel 3: 544 (1864)
= Pinus abies var. panachaica (Heldr.) Christ; Verh. Naturf. Ges. Basel 3: 544 (1863)
= Pinus apollinis Antoine; Coniferen [Antoine] 6: 73 (1841)
= Pinus cephalonica Endl.; Cat. Horti Vindob. 1: 218 (1842)
= Pinus cephalonica var. reginae-amaliae (Heldr.) Voss; Landlexikon [Putlitz & Meyer] 4: 774 (1913)
= Pinus peloponnesiaca Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. 441 (1891)
= Pinus reginae-ameliae K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(2): 391 (Index) (1873)
species :
Abies chensiensis
Tiegh.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 38: 413 (1892)
subspecies :
subsp. chensiensis
Name: Shensi fir
Distribution: China (S-Gansu, SW-Henan, W-Hubei, S-Shaanxi, W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Momi
Conservation Status: IUCN V
subspecies :
subsp. salouenensis
(Bordères & Gaussen) Rushforth; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41(3): 539 (1984)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh)
36 CHI TIB 40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies chensiensis var. salouenensis (Bordères & Gaussen) Silba; Phytologia 68: 10 (1990)
= Abies ernestii var. salouenensis (Bordères & Gaussen) W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 7: 93 (1978)
= Abies recurvata var. salouenensis (Bordères & Gaussen) C.T.Kuan; Fl. Sichuan. 2: 48 (1983)
= Abies salouenensis Bordères & Gaussen; Trav. Lab. Forest. Toulouse, Tome 1, sect. 4: Art. 15, 4 (1947)
subspecies :
subsp. yulongxueshanensis
Rushforth; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41(3): 539 (1984)
Distribution: China (Yunnan: Lijiang Shan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies chensiensis var. yulongxueshanensis (Rushforth) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 10 (1990)
species :
Abies cilicica
(Antoine & Kotschy) Carrière; Traite Gen. Conif. 229 (1855)
subspecies :
subsp. cilicica
Name: Cilician fir
Distribution: E-Turkey (Antitaurus); Cyprus [I]; N-Lebanon; N-Syria
34 cyp LEB SYR TUR
Remarks: Sect. Abies
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies rinzi Hort.Par. ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 50 (1862)
= Abies selinusia Carrière; Fl. Serres Jard. Eur. 69 (1859)
= Abies tchugatskoi Laws. ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 50 (1862)
= Picea cilicica Rauch. ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 50 (1862)
= Pinus cilicica Antoine & Kotschy; Osterr. Bot. Wochenbl. 3: 409 (1853)
= Pinus tchugatskoi Fisch. ex Henkel & W.Hochst.; Syn. Nadelhölz. 157
= Pinus tschugatskoi K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(2): 221 (1873)
= Abies cilicica var. pyramidalis Boydak & Erdogrul; Istanbul Univ. Orman Fak. Dergisi, A 49(2): 21 (1999 publ. 2000)
subspecies :
subsp. isaurica
Coode & Cullen; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 26: 167 (1965)
Distribution: Turkey (Antalya, Konya)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies cilicica var. isaurica (Coode & Cullen) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 7(1): 18 (2000)
species :
Abies concolor
(Gordon) Lindl. & Gordon; J. Hort. Soc. London 5: 210 (1850)
Name: White fir, Colorado fir (EN); Colorado-Tanne (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Hungary [I]; Slovakia [I]; Serbia; Kosovo [c]; USA (Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Massachusetts, Maine, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Wyoming); Mexico (Baja California, Chihuahua, Sonora)
11 ger hun slo 13 kos SRB 73 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Remarks: Sect. Grandis. Inclusion of A. lowiana, which falls completely in the variability, see Farjon (2017)
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies concolor (Gordon) Lindl. ex Hildebr.; Verh. Naturhist. Vereines Preuss. Rheinl. Westphalens 18: 261 (1861)
= Abies concolor f. atroviolacea Cinovskis; Introd. Rast. Bot. Sad. Pribaltiki 48 (1974)
= Abies concolor subsp. baja-californica (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 37 (2008)
= Abies concolor subsp. lowiana (Gordon) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 13: 3 (1983)
= Abies concolor subsp. martinezii (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 38 (2008)
= Abies concolor subsp. viridula (Debreczy & I.Rácz) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 38 (2008)
= Abies concolor var. baja-californica Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 11 (1990)
= Abies concolor var. lasiocarpa (Hook.) Beissn.; Handb. Conif. [Dallimore & Jackson] 71 (1887)
= Abies concolor var. lowiana (Gordon) Lemmon; Cone-bear. Trees Pacif. Slope, ed. 3: 64 (1895)
= Abies concolor var. martinezii Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 12 (1990)
= Abies grandis var. concolor (Gordon & Glend.) A.Murray bis; Gard. Chron., n. s. 3: 105 (1875)
= Abies grandis var. lowiana (Gordon) Hoopes; Book Evergr. 212 (1868)
= Abies lowiana (Gordon) A.Murray bis; Syn. Var. Conif. 27 (1863)
= Abies lowiana var. viridula Debreczy & I.Rácz; Phytologia 78(4): 231 (1995)
= Abies parsonsiana Mast.; Gard. Chron., n. s. 13: 648 (1880)
= Picea concolor Gordon; Pinetum 155 (1858)
= Picea concolor var. violacea A.Murray bis; Gard. Chron., n. s. 3: 464 (1875)
= Picea grandis Newb.; Pacif. Railr. Rep. 6: 46, t. 6, partim
= Picea lowi Gordon; Pinetum, ed. 2: 218 (1875)
= Picea lowiana Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. (1862)
= Picea parsonsiana Barron ex; Handb. Nadelholzk. 473 (1891)
= Picea parsonsii Fowler; Gard. Chron. 1872: 394 (1872)
= Pinus concolor (Gordon & Glend.) Engelm. ex Gordon; Pinetum 155 (1858)
= Pinus concolor (Gordon & Glend.) Engelm. ex Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2): 426 (1868)
= Pinus lowiana W.R.McNab; Proc. Roy. Irish Acad. Ser. 2, 2: 680, t. 46, f. 5 (1876)
species :
Abies delavayi
Franch.; J. Bot. [Morot] 255 (1899)
subspecies :
subsp. delavayi
Name: Delavay fir
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh); N-Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 40 IND 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Pseudopicea
variant :
var. motuoensis
C.Y.Cheng, W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 13(4): 83 (1975)
Distribution: SE-Tibet (Motuo)
36 TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies delavayi subsp. motuoensis (C.Y.Cheng, W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 38 (2008)
variant :
var. nukiangensis
(C.Y.Cheng, W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu) Farjon & Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 13 (1990)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan: Nukiang River)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies nukiangensis C.Y.Cheng, W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 13(4): 83 (1975). 13(4): 83 (1975)
= Abies delavayi subsp. nukiangensis (C.Y.Cheng, W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 38 (2008)
subspecies :
subsp. fansipanensis
(Q.P.Xiang, L.K.Fu & Nan Li) Rushforth; Int. Dendrol. Soc. Year Book 1998: 62 (1999)
Distribution: NW-Vietnam (Mt. Fan Si Pan)
41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies fansipanensis Q.P.Xiang, L.K.Fu & Nan Li; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(4): 356 (1997)
species :
Abies densa
Griff.; Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 19 (1854)
Name: Sikkim fir
Distribution: S-Tibet; W-Nepal; Bhutan; NE-India (incl. Sikkim); Myanmar (Kachin)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies densa Griff. ex Parker; Indian Forester 53(12): 686 (1927)
= Abies fabri subsp. fordei (Rushforth) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 18(1): 13 (2011)
= Abies fordei Rushforth; Int. Dendrol. Soc. Year Book 2008: 42 (2009)
= Abies spectabilis var. densa (Griff.) Silba; Phytologia Mem. 7: 10 (1984), et J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 46
species :
Abies durangensis
Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 13: 621 (1942)
Name: Durango fir
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, N-Jalisco, Sinaloa)
79 MEX
Remarks: Sect. Grandis
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies neodurangensis Debreczy, I.Rácz & R.M.Salazar; Phytologia 78(4): 223 (1995)
= Abies durangensis subsp. neodurangensis (Debreczy, I.Rácz & R.M.Salazar) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 38 (2008)
variant :
var. coahuilensis
(I.M.Johnst.) Martínez; Pinac. Mexic., ed. 3, 139 (1963)
Name: Coahuila fir
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila)
79 MEX
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies coahuilensis I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 24: 332 (1943)
= Abies durangensis subsp. coahuilensis (I.M.Johnst.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 38 (2008)
species :
Abies fabri
(Mast.) Craib; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 11: 278 (1920)
subspecies :
subsp. fabri
Name: Faber´s fir
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Pseudopicea
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies delavayi var. fabri (Mast.) Hunt; J. Roy. Hort. Soc. 92: 263 (1967)
= Keteleeria fabri Mast.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 555 (1902)
= Pinus fabri (Mast.) Voss; Landlexikon [Putlitz & Meyer] 4: 773 (1914)
subspecies :
subsp. minensis
(Bordères & Gaussen) Rushforth; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 43(2): 273 (1986)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies fabrii var. minensis (Bordères & Gaussen) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 14 (1990)
= Abies minensis Bordères & Gaussen; Trav. Lab. Forest. Toulouse, Tome 1, sect. 4: Art. 15, 10 (1947)
species :
Abies fanjingshanensis
W.L.Huang, Y.L.Tu & S.Z.Fang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 22(2): 154 (1984)
Name: Fanjingshan fir
Distribution: China (NE-Guizhou)
36 CHI
Remarks: relationship to A. fargesii unclear, possibly only a subspecies
Conservation Status: IUCN E. Only known from a single locality
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies fargesii var. fanjingshanensis (W.L.Huang, Y.L.Tu & L.K.Fu) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 15 (1990)
species :
Abies fargesii
Franch.; J. Bot. [Morot] 256 (1899)
Name: Farges fir
Distribution: China (S-Gansu, W-Hubei, Shaanxi, NW-Sichuan, N-Chongqing, W-Henan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Pseudopicea
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies fargesii subsp. hupehensis (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 39 (2008)
= Abies fargesii var. hupehensis Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 15 (1990)
= Abies fargesii var. tieghemii Bordères & Gaussen; Trav. Lab. Forest. Toulouse 1(4, 5): 7 (1944)
= Abies kansouensis Bordères & Gaussen; Trav. Lab. Forest. Toulouse, Tome 1, sect. 4: Art. 5, 6 (1944)
variant :
var. faxoniana
(Rehder & E.H.Wilson) T.S.Liu; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 25 (1-2): 94 (1972), without basionym ref., & l. c.,25 (3-4): 260 (1972), validly publ., & T. S. Liu, Monogr. Abies 151, 360 (1971 publ. 1973)
Distribution: China (Gansu, NW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies delavayi var. faxoniana (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) A.B.Jacks.; Conif. Cult. Rep. (R.H.S.) 246 (1932)
= Abies fargesii subsp. faxoniana (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 39 (2008)
= Abies faxoniana Rehder & E.H.Wilson; Pl. Wilson. [Sargent] 2: 42 (1914)
variant :
var. sutchuensis
Franch.; J. Bot. 8: 256 (1899)
Distribution: China (S-Gansu, NW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies sutchuenensis Rehder & E.H.Wilson; Pl. Wilson. [Sargent] 2: 48 (1914) (non A. fargesii var. sutchuenensis Franch.)
= Abies sutchuensis (Franch.) Rehder & E.H.Wilson; Pl. Wilson. [Sargent] 2: 48 (1914)
= Abies fargesii subsp. sutchuenensis (Franch.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 39 (2008)
species :
Abies firma
Siebold & Zucc.; Fl. Jap. [Siebold] 2: 15, t. 107 (1842)
Name: Momi fir
Distribution: China [I]; South Korea [I]; Japan (Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku, Yakushima Isl.); Taiwan [I]
36 chi 38 JAP kor NNS tai
Remarks: Sect. Momi
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies firma var. bifida (Siebold & Zucc.) Mast.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 514 (1881)
= Abies firma var. brachyphylla (Maxim.) Bertrand; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 18: 380 (1871)
= Abies firma var. jezoensis (Siebold & Zucc.) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif. 212 (1855)
= Abies firma var. momi (Siebold) Mast.; Gard. Chron., n. s. 12: 199 (1879)
= Abies momi Siebold; Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunst. 12: 12 (1830)
= Abies momi Siebold ex K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(2): 227 (1873)
= Abies thunbergii Lindl.; Penny Cyclop. 1: 34 (1833)
= Picea firma Sieber ex Gordon; Pinetum 147 (1858)
= Picea webbiana Gordon; Pinetum 160 (1858)
= Pinus bifida Antoine; Coniferen [Antoine] 7: 79, t. 31, f. 2 (1841)
= Pinus firma Antoine; Coniferen [Antoine] 6: 70, t. 27/28 (1841)
= Pinus momi (Siebold) Voss; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 94 (1907)
species :
Abies forrestii
Coltm.-Rog.; Gard. Chron., Ser. 3, 65: 150 (1919), et ex Craib, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 11: 279 (1920)
Name: Forrest fir
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan, SW-Sichuan); E-Tibet; Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Pseudopicea
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies chengii Rushforth; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41(2): 333 (1983)
= Abies delavayi var. forrestii (Coltm.-Rog.) A.B.Jacks.; Conif. Cult. Rep. (R.H.S.) 245 (1931)
= Abies forrestii subsp. chengii (Rushforth) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 40
= Abies forrestii subsp. longibracteata (L.K.Fu & Nan Li) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 1 (2009)
= Abies forrestii var. chengii (Rushforth) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 17 (1990)
= Abies forrestii var. longibracteata L.K.Fu & Nan Li; Novon 7: 261 (1997)
variant :
var. ferreana
(Bordères & Gaussen) Farjon & Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 17 (1990)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies chayuensis C.Y.Cheng, W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 13(4): 83 (1975)
= Abies ferreana Bordères & Gaussen; Trav. Lab. Forest. Toulouse, Tome 1, sect. 4: Art. 15, 8 (1947)
= Abies forrestii subsp. chayuensis (C.Y.Cheng, W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 40 (2008)
= Abies forrestii subsp. ferreana (Bordères & Gaussen) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 40 (2008)
= Abies forrestii var. chayuensis (C.Y.Cheng, W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 16 (1990)
= Abies rolii Bordères & Gaussen; Trav. Lab. Forest. Toulouse, Tome 1, sect. 4: Art. 26, 3 (1948)
= Abies yuana Bordères & Gaussen; Trav. Lab. Forest. Toulouse, Tome 1, sect. 4: Art. 26, 6 (1948)
variant :
var. georgei
(Orr) Farjon; Pinaceae [Farjon] 59 (1990)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies delavayi var. georgei (Orr) Melville; Kew Bull. 13: 533 (1958)
= Abies georgei Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7: 8 (1929), obs.
= Abies georgei Hand.-Mazz. ex Orr; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 18: I (1933)
= Abies georgei subsp. wumongensis Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 2 (2008)
variant :
var. smithii
Viguié & Gaussen; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse 58: 355
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies delavayi var. smithii (Viguié & Gaussen) T.S.Liu; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 25 (1-2): 94 (1972), without basionym ref., & l. c.,29 (3-4): 472 (1976), validly publ.
= Abies georgei subsp. smithii (Viguié & Gaussen) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 40 (2008)
= Abies georgei var. smithii (Viguié & Gaussen) W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 13(4): 63 (1975)
species :
Abies fraseri
(Pursh) Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 5: 35 (1817)
Name: Fraser fir
Distribution: Estonia [I]; USA (W-North Carolina, E-Tennessee, SW-Virginia)
14 est 78 USA
Remarks: Sect. Balsamea
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies balsamea subsp. fraseri (Pursh) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 18 (1982)
= Abies fraseri (Pursh) Lindl.; Penny Cyclop. 1: 30 (1833)
= Abies fraseri var. hudsonia (Bosc ex Jacques) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif. 200 (1855)
= Abies fraseri var. nana Lindl. & Gordon; J. Hort. Soc. London 5: 209 (1850)
= Abies hudsonia Bosc ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 200 (1855)
= Abies humilis Bach Pyl.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 4: 437 (1826)
= Picea fraseri (Pursh) Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2340 (1838)
= Picea fraseri var. hudsonia (Bosc ex Jacques) Knight & Perry; Syn. Conif. 39 (1850)
= Picea hudsonia Gordon; Pinetum 148 (1858)
= Pinus fraseri Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 2: 639 (1813)
species :
Abies grandis
(D.Don) Lindl.; Penny Cyclop. 1: 30 (1833)
Name: Riesen-Tanne, Große Küsten-Tanne (DE); Grand fir (EN)
Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland [I], Outer Hebrides [I], Isle of Man [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Denmark [I]; Norway [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Italy [I]; Serbia; Kosovo [c]; New Zealand [c]; Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington State)
10 den grb ire nor 11 ger swi 13 ita kos SRB 51 nzl 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA
Remarks: Sect. Grandis
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies excelsior Franco; Bol. Soc. Brot., Sér. 2, 23: 162 (1949)
= Abies gordoniana Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 298 (1867)
= Abies gordoniana var. pumila Anon.; Garden (London, 1871-1927) 6: 73 (1874)
= Abies grandis f. johnsonii O.V.Matthews; J. Forest. (Washington) 40: 580 (-581
= Abies grandis subsp. idahoensis (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 40 (2008)
= Abies grandis var. densifolia Engelm.; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 3: 599 (1877)
= Abies grandis var. idahoensis Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 19 (1990)
= Abies grandis var. lasiocarpa (Hook.) Lavallée; Énum. Arbres 259 (1877)
= Abies lasiocarpa Lindl. & Gordon; J. Hort. Soc. London 5: 210 (1850)
= Abies occidentalis Cinovskis; Introd. Rast. Bot. Sad. Pribaltiki 46 (1974) (nom. nov., without replaced synonym ref.)
= Abies oregona Hort.; Vilm. Blumengärtn., ed. 3 [Sieber & Voss] 1: 1138 (1895), syn.
= Picea grandis Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2341, f. 2245-2246 (1838)
= Picea lasiocarpa Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 53 (1862)
= Picea lasiocarpa Lavallée; Icon. Sel. Arb. 259 (1877)
= Picea parsonsii Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 52 (1862)
= Pinus grandis Douglas; Compan. Bot. Mag. 2: 147 (1836)
species :
Abies guatemalensis
Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 20: 285 (1939)
Name: Guatemalan fir
Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras
79 MEX 80 ELS GUA HON
Remarks: Sect. Grandis
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies guatemalensis subsp. ixtepejiensis (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 41 (2008)
= Abies guatemalensis subsp. longibracteata (Debreczy & I.Rácz) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 41 (2008)
= Abies guatemalensis subsp. rushforthii (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 41 (2008)
= Abies guatemalensis subsp. tamaulipasensis (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 41 (2008)
= Abies guatemalensis subsp. zapotekensis (Debreczy, I.Rácz & G.Ramirez) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 41 (2008)
= Abies guatemalensis var. ixtepejiensis Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 7(1): 19 (2000)
= Abies guatemalensis var. longibracteata Debreczy & I.Rácz; Phytologia 78(4): 227 (1995)
= Abies guatemalensis var. rushforthii Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 7(1): 19 (2000)
= Abies guatemalensis var. tacanensis (Lundell) Martínez; Pinac. Mexic., ed. 3: 129 (1963)
= Abies guatemalensis var. tamaulipasensis Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 5: 45 (1998 publ. 1997)
= Abies tacanensis Lundell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 23: 175 (1940)
= Abies zapotekensis Debreczy, I.Rácz & G.Ramirez; Phytologia 78(4): 225 (1995)
variant :
var. jaliscana
Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México (1948)
Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco, Michoacan)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies flinckii Rushforth; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 46(1): 101 (1989)
= Abies guatemalensis subsp. jaliscana (Martínez) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 41 (2008)
= Abies jaliscana (Martínez) Mantilla, Shalisko & A.Vázquez; Phytotaxa 183(1): 28 (2014)
species :
Abies hickelii
Flous & Gaussen; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse 64: 24 (1932)
Name: Hickel fir
Distribution: S-Mexico (Veracruz, Guererro, Oaxaca, Chiapas, Puebla)
79 MEX
Remarks: Sect. Oiamel
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies religiosa subsp. hickelii (Flous & Gaussen) Strandby, K.I.Chr. & M.Sørensen; Pl. Syst. Evol. 280(1-2): 72 (2009)
= Abies hickelii var. macrocarpa Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 13: 621 (1942)
variant :
var. oaxacana
(Martínez) Farjon & Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 20 (1990)
Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Oaxaca)
79 MEX
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies oaxacana Mart.; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 19: 39 (1949)
= Abies hickelii subsp. oaxacana (Martínez) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 42 (2008)
species :
Abies hidalgensis
Debreczy, I.Rácz & Guízar; Phytologia 78(4): 220 (1995)
Name: Hidalgo fir
Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, ?Veracruz)
79 MEX
Conservation Status: IUCN R
species :
Abies holophylla
Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg 10: 487 (1866)
Name: Manchurian fir
Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning); North Korea; South Korea (incl. Cheju Isl.)
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 KOR NKO
Remarks: Sect. Momi
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies holophylla var. aspericorticea Y.Y.Sun; Bull. Bot. Lab. N. E. Forest. Inst., Harbin 25(3): 264
= Picea holophylla (Maxim.) Gordon; Pinetum, ed. 2, 2: 206 (1875)
= Pinus holophylla (Maxim.) Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16: 424 (1868)
species :
Abies homolepis
Siebold & Zucc.; Fl. Jap. [Siebold] 2: 17 (1842)
Name: Nikko fir (EN); Nikko-Tanne (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Japan (C-Honshu, Shikoku); USA [I] (New York [I])
11 ger 38 JAP 75 usa
Remarks: Sect. Momi
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies brachyphylla Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg 10: 488 (1866)
= Abies finhonnoskiana R.Neum. ex Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 431 (1868)
= Abies harryana McNab; Proc. Roy. Irish Acad. 689 (1876)
= Abies homolepis f. fujisanensis Hayashi; Bull. Gov. Forest Exp. Sta. 125: 71 (1960)
= Abies homolepis var. scottae McFarland; Hortic. 456 (1932)
= Abies homolepis var. tokunaiae Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif. 216 (1855)
= Abies homolepis var. tomomi Bobbink & Atk. ex Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 53 (1920)
= Abies tschonoskiana Regel; Index Sem. (St. Petersburg [Petropolitanus]), Suppl. 9: 32 (1865)
= Picea brachyphylla Gordon; Pinetum, ed. 2: 201 (1875)
= Picea brachyphylla Mast.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 518 (1881)
= Picea firma Mast.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 518 (1881)
= Picea homolepis (Siebold & Zucc.) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 290 (1867)
= Picea pinnosa Mast.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 515 (1881)
= Picea tschonofskiana Mast.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 518 (1881)
= Picea tschonoskii Mayr; Fremdländ. Wald- Parkbäume 339 (1906)
= Picea veitchii Mast.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 515, 518 (1881)
= Pinus brachyphylla Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 424 (1868)
= Pinus finhonnoskiana Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 431 (1868)
= Pinus firma W.J.de Wilde; Proc. Roy. Irish Acad. 28 686 (1876)
= Pinus harryana W.J.de Wilde; Proc. Roy. Irish Acad. Ser. 2, 2: 689 (1876)
= Pinus homolepis (Siebold & Zucc.) Antoine; Coniferen [Antoine] 6: 78, t. 31, f. 1 (1841)
= Pinus tschonoskiana Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 431 (1868)
variant :
var. umbellata
(Mayr) E.H.Wilson; Conif. Taxads Japan 58 (1916)
Distribution: Japan (C-Honshu)
38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies brachyphylla var. umbellata (Mayr) Dallim. & A.B.Jacks.; Handb. Conif. [Dallimore & Jackson] 88 (1923)
= Abies homolepis subsp. umbellata (Mayr) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 42 (2008)
= Abies umbellata Mayr; Monogr. Abietin. Japan. Reich. 34 (-35
species :
Abies kawakamii
(Hayata) Ito; Encycl. Jap. 2: 167, Hayata, Ic. Pl. Formos. 9: 108 (1920)
Name: Kawakami fir, Taiwan fir
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: Sect. Balsamea
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies mariesii var. kawakamii Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 25(19): 223 (1908)
species :
Abies koreana
E.H.Wilson; J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 188 (1920)
Name: Korean fir
Distribution: North Korea (Mt. Daesong); South Korea (incl. Cheju Isl.)
38 KOR NKO
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies koreana f. nigrocarpa Hatus.; Exp. Forest. Kyushu Imp. Univ. 5: 20 (1934)
species :
Abies lasiocarpa
(Hook.) Nutt.; N. Amer. Sylv. [Nuttall] 3: 138 (1849)
Name: Subalpine fir
Distribution: Iceland [I]; Sweden [I]; Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Northern Territories, Yukon); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)
10 ice swe 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 77 USA
Remarks: Sect. Balsamea
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies balsamea subsp. lasiocarpa (Hook.) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 86(10): 223 (1959)
= Abies balsamea var. fallax (Engelm.) B.Boivin
= Abies lasciocarpa (Hook.) Sarg.; Gard. & Forest 2: 496 (1889)
= Abies lasiocarpa var. conica Hornibr.; Dwarf Conifers 21 (1923)
= Abies lasiocarpa var. pendula Carrière; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 62: 117 (1890)
= Abies subalpina Engelm. ex Ward; Amer. Naturalist 10: 555 (1876)
= Abies subalpina var. fallax Engelm.; Gard. Chron., n. s. 15: 236 (1881)
= Picea amabilis Gordon; Pinetum 154 (1858)
= Pinus amabilis Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16: 426 (1868)
= Pinus beissneri Voss; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 94 (1907)
= Pinus lasiocarpa Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 2: 163 (1838)
variant :
var. arizonica
(Merriam) Lemmon; Sierra Club Bull. 2: 167 (1898)
Name: Corkbark fir, Rocky Mountain alpine fir
Distribution: USA (Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico)
73 USA 76 USA 77 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies arizonica Merriam; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 10: 116 (1896)
= Abies balsamea var. arizonica (Merriam) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 86(10): 223 (1959)
= Abies bifolia A.Murray bis; Syn. Var. Conif. 29 (1863)
= Abies bifolia var. arizonica (Merriam) O´Kane & K.D.Heil; Harvard Pap. Bot. 7(2): 324 (2003)
= Abies lasiocarpa subsp. arizonica (Merriam) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 18 (1982)
= Abies lasiocarpa subsp. bifolia (A.Murray bis) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 42 (2008)
= Abies lasiocarpa var. bifolia (A.Murray bis) Eckenw.; Conifers World 647 (2009)
= Picea bifolia (A.Murray bis) A.Murray bis; Gard. Chron., n. s. 3: t. 97 (1875)
species :
Abies magnifica
A.Murray bis; Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. London 3: 318 (1863)
Name: California red fir
Distribution: USA (California, W-Nevada, SW-Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Remarks: Sect. Nobilis
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies amabilis var. magnifica (A.Murray bis) Lavallée; Énum. Arbres 258 (1877)
= Abies campylocarpa A.Murray bis; Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh 6: 370 (1860)
= Abies magnifica var. argentea Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk., ed. 2: 167 (1909)
= Abies magnifica var. glauca Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk., ed. 2: 167 (1909)
= Abies magnifica var. xanthocarpa Lemmon; Third Bienn. Rep. Calif. State Board Forest 145 (1890)
= Picea magnifica Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 269 (1867)
= Picea magnifica var. macrocarpa F.Sanders; Gard. Chron., n. s. 2: 702 (1874)
= Pinus magnifica W.J.de Wilde; Proc. Roy. Irish Acad. Ser. 2, 2: 700 (1876)
= Pseudotsuga magnifica W.R.McNab; Proc. Roy. Irish Acad. Ser. 2, 2: sub t. 49 (1877)
variant :
var. shastensis
Lemmon; Third Bienn. Rep. Calif. State Board Forest 145 (1890)
Name: Shasta red fir
Distribution: USA (California, SW-Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies magnifica subsp. shastensis (Lemmon) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 43 (2008)
= Abies magnifica var. critchfieldii Lanner; Madroño 57(2): 143 (2010)
= Abies ×shastensis (Lemmon) Lemmon; Gard. & Forest 184 (1897) emend. T. S. Liu
= Pinus campylocarpa var. shastensis (Lemmon) Voss; Landlexikon [Putlitz & Meyer] 4: 774 (1913)
species :
Abies mariesii
Mast.; Gard. Chron., n. s. 12: 789 (1879)
Name: Maries´ fir
Distribution: C-Japan (Honshu)
38 JAP
Remarks: Sect. Amabilis
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies mariesii f. hayachinensis Hayashi; Bull. Gov. Forest Exp. Sta. 77: 25, f. 11 (1955)
= Pinus mariesii (Mast.) Voss; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 94 (1907)
species :
Abies nebrodensis
(Lojac.) Mattei; Boll. Reale Orto Bot. Palermo 7: 64 (1908)
Name: Sicilian fir, Sizilianische Tanne
Distribution: Sicily (Madonie)
13 SIC
Remarks: Sect. Abies
Conservation Status: IUCN E. Extremely threatened, only about 30 plants remaining in the wild
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies alba subsp. nebrodensis (Lojac.) Nitz.; Lustgården 49: 178 (1968)
= Abies alba var. nebrodensis (Lojac.) Svoboda; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 13: 60 (1964)
= Abies pectinata Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Syn. 2: 614 (1844) non Gilib.
= Abies pectinata var. nebrodensis Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 2(2): 409 (1904)
species :
Abies nephrolepis
(Trautv.) Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg 10: 486 (1866)
Name: Eastern Siberian fir, Khinghan fir
Distribution: Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye); China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi); North Korea; South Korea
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 KOR NKO
Remarks: Sect. Balsamea
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies nephrolepis f. chlorocarpa E.H.Wilson; J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 189 (1920)
= Abies nephrolepis var. kamchatkensis Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 5: 61 (1998 publ. 1997), not effectively publ., et in Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 7(1): 20 (2000)
= Abies sibirica var. nephrolepis Trautv. ex Maxim.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 260 (1859)
= Abies veitchii var. nephrolepis (Trautv. ex Maxim.) Mast.; Gard. Chron., n. s. 13: 589 (1880)
= Abies veitchii var. nephrolepis (Trautv.) Mast.; Gard. Chron., n. s. 12: 589 (1879)
= Pinus nephrolepis (Trautv. ex Maxim.) Voss; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 94 (1907)
species :
Abies nordmanniana
(Steven) Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] Phan. 11: 418 (1842)
subspecies :
subsp. nordmanniana
Name: Caucasian fir, Nordmann fir (EN), Pikhta kavkazkaya (RUS), Nordmann-Tanne (DE)
Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Denmark [I]; Sweden [I]; Germany [I]; Austria [I]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; Italy [I]; Slovenia [I]; Serbia; Kosovo [c]; Romania [I]; European Turkey [I]; Uzbekistan [c]; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; NE-Turkey (Anatolia); New Zealand [I]
10 den grb ire swe 11 aut ger hun slo 13 ita kos rom slv SRB tue 32 uzb 33 ARM GEO NCS 34 TUR 51 nzl
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies leioclada (Steven) Gordon; Pinetum 152 (1858)
= Abies nordmanniana var. leioclada (Steven) Czeczott; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 107(2): 257 (1939)
= Abies nordmanniana var. speciosa Bailly; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 62: 239 (1890)
= Abies pectinata var. leioclada (Steven ex Endl.) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 276 (1867)
= Abies pectinata var. nordmanniana (Steven) Jess.; Deut. Excurs.-Fl. 471 (1879)
= Abies picea var. leioclada (Steven) Lindl. & Gordon; J. Hort. Soc. London 5: 210 (1850)
= Picea nordmanniana (Steven) Loudon; Encycl. Trees Shrubs 1042, f. 1950 (1842)
= Pinus abies var. nordmanniana (Steven) F.Muell.; Ann. Rep. Victorian Acclim. Soc. 1870-1871: 36 (1871)
= Pinus nordmanniana Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 11: 45 (1838)
subspecies :
subsp. equi-trojani
(Boiss.) Coode & Cullen; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 26: 167 (1965)
Distribution: Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Kaz Dagh, Ulu Dagh)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies alba subsp. equi-trojani (Asch. & Sint. ex Boiss.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 1: 192 (1897)
= Abies bornmuelleriana Mattf.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9: 239 (1925)
= Abies cephalonica var. graeca (Fraas) Liu; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 25(1-2): 95 (1972), without basionym ref., et Monogr. Abies 222, 354 (1971), et in Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 27(1-2): 220 (1974)
= Abies equi-trojani (Boiss.) Mattf.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 25: 29 (1925)
= Abies nordmanniana subsp. bornmuelleriana (Mattf.) Coode & Cullen; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 26: 167 (1965)
= Abies nordmanniana var. bornmuelleriana (Mattf.) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 21 (1990)
= Abies nordmanniana var. equi-trojani (Asch. & Sint. ex Boiss.) Guinier & Maire; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 55: 187 (1908)
= Abies pectinata var. equi-trojani Asch. & Sint. ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 701 (1884)
= Abies pectinata var. graeca Fraas; Syn. Pl. Fl. Class. 262 (1845)
species :
Abies numidica
De Lannoy ex Carrière; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 27: 106 (1866)
Name: Algerian fir
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo [c]; N-Algeria
13 kos SRB 20 ALG
Remarks: Sect. Piceaster
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies baborensis Coss. ex Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 423 (1868)
= Abies pinsapo subsp. numidica (De Lannoy ex Carrière) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 27 (1982)
= Picea numidica R.Sm. ex Gordon; Pinetum, ed. 2: 220 (1875)
= Pinus babarensis W.J.de Wilde; Proc. Roy. Irish Acad. Ser. 2, 2: 697 (1876)
species :
Abies pindrow
Royle; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle] 350, t. 86, f. a-c (1836)
Name: West Himalayan fir
Distribution: Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan); Pakistan (Karakorum); W-Nepal; NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, etc.)
34 AFG 40 IND NEP PAK
Remarks: Sect. Momi
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies pindrow Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] 11: 423 (1841)
= Abies pindrow var. intermedia A.Henry; Trees Great Britain [Elwes & Henry] 756 (1909)
= Abies webbiana var. pindrow (Royle ex D.Don) Brandis; Forest Fl. N.W. India [Brandis] 528 (1874)
= Picea pindrow (Royle ex D.Don) Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2346, t. 2254, 2255 (1838)
= Pinus naphta Antoine; Coniferen [Antoine] 7: 80 (1841)
= Pinus pindrow Royle ex D.Don; Descr. Pinus [Lamberg], ed. 2, 3: 47-48, t. 99 (1837)
= Pinus spectabilis var. pindrow (Royle ex D.Don) Voss; Landlexikon [Putlitz & Meyer] 4: 776 (1913)
= Taxus lambertiana Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 6056 (1832)
variant :
var. brevifolia
Dallim. & A.B.Jacks.; Handb. Conif. [Dallimore & Jackson] 126 (1923)
Distribution: Portugal [I]; N-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Garhwal)
12 por 40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies pindrow subsp. gamblei (Hickel) Rushforth; Int. Dendrol. Soc. Year Book 1998: 63 (1999)
= Abies gamblei Hickel; Bull. Soc. Dendrol. France 38, adnot. (1929)
= Abies pindrow subsp. brevifolia (Dallim. & A.B.Jacks.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 44
= Abies pseudochensiensis Debreczy & I.Rácz; Acta Bot. Hung. 52(3-4): 309 (2010)
species :
Abies pinsapo
Boiss.; Not. Abies Pinsapo 8 (1838) (Bibl. Univ. Genève (1838)
Name: Spanish silver spruce, Spanish fir, Spanische Tanne
Distribution: Austria [I]; Spain (S-Spain: Málaga, Cádiz); Slovenia [I]; Serbia; Kosovo [c]; Uzbekistan [c]; Bolivia [c]
11 aut 12 SPA 13 kos slv SRB 32 uzb 83 bol
Remarks: Sect. Piceaster
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies hispanica Chambr.; Trait. Prat. Arb. Resin. 339 (1845)
= Abies pinsapo subsp. hispanica (Chambr.) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 1: 131 (1952) (comb inval.)
= Abies pinsapo var. baborensis Coss.; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 38: 114 (1866)
= Abies pinsapo var. glauca Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 304 (1867)
= Abies pinsapo var. hispanica (Chambray) Christ; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 23: 215 (1865)
= Pinus pinsapo (Boiss.) Antoine; Coniferen 65 (1840)
variant :
var. marocana
(Trab.) Ceballos & Martín Bol.; Bol. Inst. Nac. Invest. Agron. 1(2): 18 (1929)
Name: Moroccan fir
Distribution: N-Morocco (Rif Mts.)
20 MOR
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies marocana Trab.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53: 154 (1906)
= Abies pinsapo subsp. marocana (Trab.) Ceballos & Bolaño; (1968)
= Abies pinsapo subsp. marocana (Trab.) Emb. & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 19: 245 (1938)
= Abies pinsapo subsp. marocana (Trab.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 44 (2008), isonym
= Abies pinsapo subsp. tazaotana (S.Côzar ex Villar) Govaerts; World Checkl. Seed Pl. 1(1): 6 (1995)
= Abies pinsapo var. tazaotana (S.Cózar ex Villar) Pourtet; Ann. École Natl. Eaux 9(1): 100 (1954)
= Abies tazaotana S.Côzar ex Villar; Types Sol Afr. Nord 1: 79 (1947)
species :
Abies procera
Rehder; Rhodora 42: 522 (1940)
Name: Noble fir (EN); Edel-Tanne, Pazifische Edel-Tanne, Silber-Tanne (DE)
Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland [I], Outer Hebrides [I], Orkney Isl. [I], Shetland Isl. [I], Isle of Man [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Ireland [I]; Denmark [I]; Germany [I]; Channel Isl. [I] (Sark [I]); USA (NW-California, W-Oregon, W-Washington State)
10 den grb ire 11 ger 12 cis 73 USA 76 USA
Remarks: Sect. Nobilis
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies nobilis (Douglas) Lindl.; Penny Cyclop. 1: 30 (1833), not A. Dietr. (1824)
= Abies nobilis var. argentea Freudenberg; Bekannt. Cult. Nadelh. 5 (1886)
= Abies nobilis var. compacta Chitt.; Conif. Cult. Rep. (R.H.S.) 71 (1932)
= Abies nobilis var. glaucophylla Sudw.; Bull. Div. Forest. U.S.D.A. 14: 58 (1879)
= Abies nobilis var. magnifica (A.Murray bis) Kellogg; Forest Trees Calif. 29 (1882)
= Abies nobilis var. prostrata Hornibr. ex Chitt.; Conif. Cult. Rep. (R.H.S.) 71 (1932)
= Abies nobilis var. robusta Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk., ed. 3: 170 (1930)
= Abies procera f. glauca (Ravenscr.) Rehder; 523 (1940)
= Abies procera f. prostrata (Hornibr.) Rehder; 524 (1940)
= Picea amabilis Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 269 (1867)
= Picea nobilis Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2342 (1838)
= Picea nobilis var. coerulea Paul ex J.Dix; Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. London 2: 691 (1862)
= Picea nobilis var. magnifica (A.Murray bis) J.Nelson; Pinaceae [Nelson] 40, 200 (1866)
= Pseudotsuga nobilis W.R.McNab; Proc. Roy. Irish Acad. Ser. 2, 2: sub t. 49 (1877)
species :
Abies recurvata
Mast.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 37: 423 (1906)
Name: Min fir
Distribution: China (S-Gansu, N-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Momi
Conservation Status: IUCN V
variant :
var. ernestii
(Rehder) C.T.Kuan; Fl. Sichuan. 2: 46 (1983)
Name: Ernest´s fir
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan, SW-Gansu, W-Sichuan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Conservation Status: IUCN I
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies beissneriana Rehder & E.H.Wilson; Pl. Wilson. [Sargent] 2: 46 (1914)
= Abies ernestii Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 20: 85 (1939)
= Abies recurvata subsp. ernestii (Rehder) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 44 (2008)
= Abies chensiensis var. ernestii (Rehder) T.S.Liu; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 25 (1-2): 94, 133 (1972), without basionym ref., etl. c., 25 (3-4): 236 (1972), validly publ., & T. S. Liu, Monogr. Abies 135, 355 (1971 publ. 1973)
= Abies recurvata var. ernestii (Rehder) Rushforth; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41(3): 536 (1984)
species :
Abies religiosa
(Kunth) Schltdl. & Cham.; Linnaea 5: 77 (1830)
Name: Sacred fir, oyamel, pinabete
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
Remarks: Sect. Oiamel
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies colimensis Rushforth & Narave; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 46(1): 105 (1989)
= Abies glauca Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum 149 (1858)
= Abies glaucescens Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 5 (1858 publ. 1859)
= Abies hirtella (Kunth) Lindl.; Penny Cyclop. 1: 31 (1833)
= Abies hirtella (Kunth) Mirb.; Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 13: 70 (1825)
= Abies lindleyana Roezl ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 275 (1867)
= Abies religiosa (Kunth) Lindl.; Penny Cyclop. 1: 31 (1833), isonym
= Abies religiosa subsp. colimensis (Rushforth & Narave) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 44 (2008)
= Abies religiosa subsp. glaucescens (Roezl) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 45 (2008)
= Abies religiosa subsp. perotensis (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 45 (2008)
= Abies religiosa var. colimensis (Rushforth & Narave) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 7(1): 20 (2000)
= Abies religiosa var. glaucescens (Gordon) Carrière
= Abies religiosa var. hirtella (Kunth) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2, 1: 275 (1867)
= Abies religiosa var. perotensis Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 7(1): 21 (2000)
= Abies tlapalcatuda Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 5 (1858 publ. 1859)
= Picea glaucescens Gordon; Pinetum 149 (1858)
= Picea hirtella (Kunth) Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2349 (1838)
= Picea religiosa (Kunth) Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2349 (1838)
= Pinus hirtella Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 5 (1817)
= Pinus religiosa Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 5 (1817)
= Pseudotsuga glaucescens Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 274 (1867)
species :
Abies sachalinensis
(Schmidt) Mast.; Gard. Chron., n. s. 12: 588 (1879)
Name: Sakhalin fir (EN)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Kuril Isl., Sakhalin, S-Kamchatka); Japan (Hokkaido)
31 RFE 38 JAP
Remarks: Sect. Balsamea
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies akatodo Miyabe ex Sarg.; Gard. & Forest 6: 525 (1893)
= Abies nephrolepis subsp. sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Vorosch.; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prír., Otd. Biol. 96(1): 133 (1991)
= Abies sachalinensis var. alpina (Poljakov ex Kom.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 7(1): 21 (2000)
= Abies sachalinensis var. corticosa Tatew.; Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 45: 70 (1935)
= Abies sibirica f. alpina Poljakov ex Kom.
= Abies veitchii var. sachalinensis F.Schmidt; Reis. Amur-Land., Bot. 175 (1868)
variant :
var. gracilis
(Kom.) Farjon; Pinaceae [Farjon] 83 (1990)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka)
31 RFE
Remarks: status uncertain, possibly introduced
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies sachalinensis subsp. gracilis (Kom.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 45 (2008)
= Abies gracilis Kom.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 20: 203 (1901)
variant :
var. mayriana
Miyabe & Kudô; Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. (1919)
Distribution: Russian Far East (S-Sakhalin); Japan (Hokkaido)
31 RFE 38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies sachalinensis subsp. mayriana (Miyabe & Kudô) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 45
= Abies mayriana (Miyabe & Kudô) Miyabe & Kudô; Icon. Forest Trees Hokkaido 1: 9, t. 3, 4 (1920)
variant :
var. nemorensis
Mayr; Monogr. Abietin. Japan. Reich. 42 (1890)
Distribution: Russian Far East (S-Sakhalin); Japan (Hokkaido)
31 RFE 38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies nemorensis (Mayr) Miyabe & Kudô; Miyabe & Miyake, Fl. Saghalin, 745 (1915)
= Abies sachalinensis subsp. nemorensis (Mayr) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 45
= Abies sachalinensis var. wilsonii (Miyabe & Kudô) Viguié & Gaussen; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse 58: 430 (1929)
= Abies wilsonii Miyabe & Kudô; Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 7: 132 (1919)
= Pinus sachalinensis var. nemorensis (Mayr) Voss; Landlexikon [Putlitz & Meyer] 4: 777 (1913)
species :
Abies sibirica
Ledeb.; Fl. Altaic. [Ledebour] 4: 202 (1833)
subspecies :
subsp. sibirica
Name: Siberian fir, Sibirische Tanne
Distribution: Iceland [I]; Denmark [I]; Finland [I]; Estonia [I]; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk); Kazakhstan; China (NE-Xinjiang); Mongolia
10 den fin ice 14 est 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 36 CHI 37 MON
Remarks: Sect. Balsamea
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies heterophylla K.Koch; Linnaea 22: 295 (1849)
= Abies pichta Fisch. ex Jacques; Ann. Fl. Pomone 4: 324 (1836)
= Abies pichta J.Forbes; Pinet. Woburn. 113, t. 39 (1839)
= Picea pichta (J.Forbes) Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2338 (1838)
= Picea sibirica Gordon; Pinetum 156 (1858)
= Pinus picea Pall.; Fl. Ross. 1: I. 7 (non L.)
= Pinus pichta Fisch. ex Lodd.; Cat. Pl. [Loddiges] 50 (1836)
= Pinus sibirica (Ledeb.) Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 1: 101 (1838) non Du Tour
subspecies :
subsp. semenovii
(B.Fedtsch.) Farjon; Pinaceae [Farjon] 81 (1990)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan (Talasskij Alatau)
32 KAZ KGZ
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies semenovii B.Fedtsch.; Bot. Centralbl. 73: 210
= Abies sibirica var. semenovii (B.Fedtsch.) T.S.Liu; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 25 (1-2): 94 (1972), without basionym ref., & l. c.,26 (3-4): 414 (1973), validly publ., & T. S. Liu. Monogr. Abies 188 (1971 publ. 1973)
species :
Abies spectabilis
(D.Don) Mirb.; Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 13: 70 (1825)
Name: Webb fir, Himalayan fir
Distribution: Afghanistan (Hindukush); Tibet; Pakistan; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, etc.); Myanmar (Kachin)
34 AFG 36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Pseudopicea
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies chilrowensis Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 425 (1868)
= Abies spectabilis var. brevifolia (A.Henry) Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 54 (1919)
= Abies spectabilis subsp. langtangensis (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 46
= Abies spectabilis var. langtangensis Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 22 (1990)
= Abies webbiana (Wall. ex D.Don) Lindl.; Penny Cyclop. 1: 30 (1833) (nom. illegit.)
= Abies webbiana var. brevifolia A.Henry; Trees Great Britain [Elwes & Henry] 4: 751 (1909)
= Picea herbertiana Madden; J. Agric. & Hort. Soc. Ind. 7: 99, obs. (1850)
= Picea herbertiana Madden ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 222 (1855)
= Picea naphta Knight; Encycl. Trees Shrubs 1053 (1842)
= Picea pindrow Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2346 (1838)
= Picea webbiana (Wall. ex D.Don) Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2344 (1838)
= Pinus pindrow Royle; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle] 354. I. 86 (1839)
= Pinus spectabilis D.Don; Descr. Pinus [Lambert], ed. 1, 2: 3, t. 2 (1824)
= Pinus striata Buch.-Ham. ex Gordon; Pinetum 160 (1858)
= Pinus tinctoria Wall. ex D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 3 (1824) (pro syn.)
= Pinus webbiana Wall. ex D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 55 (1825) (pro syn.)
species :
Abies squamata
Mast.; Gard. Chron., Ser. 3, 39: 299 (1906)
Name: Flaky fir
Distribution: China (S-Gansu, S-Qinghai, W-Sichuan, N-Sichuan); SE-Tibet (Markam Xian)
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Pseudopicea
Conservation Status: IUCN V
species :
Abies veitchii
Lindl.; Gard. Chron. 1861: 23 (1861)
Name: Veitch´s fir
Distribution: Japan (Honshu)
38 JAP
Remarks: Sect. Balsamea
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies eichleri Lauche; Gartenflora 1: 63 (1882)
= Abies nordmanniana var. eichleri (Lauche) Beissn.; Einheitl. Conif.-Ben. 42 (1891)
= Abies veitchii f. olivacea (Shiras.) Cinovskis; Introd. Rast. Bot. Sad. Pribaltiki 33 (1974)
= Abies veitchii var. komagatakensis Hayashi; Bull. Gov. Forest Exp. Sta. 57: 151 (1952)
= Abies veitchii var. nikkoensis Mayr; Monogr. Abietin. Japan. Reich. 39 (1890)
= Abies veitchii var. olivacea Shiras.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 27: 132 (1913)
= Abies veitchii var. reflexa Koidz.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 30: 327 (1916)
= Picea veitchii Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 56 (1862)
= Pinus nephrolepis var. veitchii (Lindl.) Voss; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 16: 94 (1907)
= Pinus selenolepis Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 427 (1868)
= Pinus veitchii W.J.de Wilde; Proc. Roy. Irish Acad. 686 (1876)
variant :
var. sikokiana
(Nakai) Kusaka; Conif. Jap. Ill., ed. 2: 212 (1954)
Distribution: Japan (Shikoku)
38 JAP
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies veitchii subsp. sikokiana (Nakai) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 46
= Abies sikokiana Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 42: 452 (1928) (shikokiana)
species :
Abies vejarii
Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 13: 629 (1942)
Name: Vejar´s fir (EN), hayarin (ES)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas)
79 MEX
Remarks: Sect. Oiamel
variant :
var. macrocarpa
Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México (1949)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies vejarii subsp. macrocarpa (Martínez) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 46
variant :
var. mexicana
(Mart.) T.S.Liu; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 25 (1-2): 95 (1972), without basionym ref., & T. S. Liu, Monogr. Abies 261, 377 (1971 publ. 1973), validly publ.
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas)
79 MEX
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies vejarii subsp. mexicana (Martínez) Farjon; Pinaceae [Farjon] 103 (1990)
= Abies religiosa subsp. mexicana (Martínez) Strandby, K.I.Chr. & M.Sørensen; Pl. Syst. Evol. 280(1-2): 72 (2009)
= Abies mexicana Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 13: 626 (1942)
species :
Abies yuanbaoshanensis
Y.J.Lu & L.K.Fu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(2): 206 (1980)
Name: Yuanbaoshan fir
Distribution: China (N-Guangxi)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Pseudopicea. Possibly a variety or subspecies of A. forrestii
Conservation Status: IUCN E
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies koreana var. yuanbaoshanensis (Y.J.Lu & L.K.Fu) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 5: 53 (1998 publ. 1997)
= Abies fabri subsp. yuanbaoshanensis (Y.J.Lu & L.K.Fu) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 39 (2008)
species :
Abies ziyuanensis
L.K.Fu & S.L.Mo; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(2): 208 (1980)
Name: Ziyuan fir
Distribution: China (NE-Guangxi, SW-Hunan, W-Jiangxi)
36 CHI
Conservation Status: IUCN E
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies beshanzuensis var. ziyuanensis (L.K.Fu & S.L.Mo) L.K.Fu & Nan Li; Novon 7: 261 (1997)
= Abies dayuanensis Q.X.Liu; Bull. Bot. Lab. N. E. Forest. Inst., Harbin 8(3): 85 (1988)
= Abies fabri subsp. dayuanensis (Q.X.Liu) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 39 (2008)
= Abies fabri subsp. ziyuanensis (L.K.Fu & S.L.Mo) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 39 (2008)
= Abies fabrii var. ziyuanensis (L.K.Fu & S.L.Mo) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 14 (1990)
species :
Abies ×borisii-regis
Mattf.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9: 235 (1925)
Name: Bulgarian fir, Macedonian fir, King Boris fir
Distribution: North Macedonia; Albania; S-Bulgaria; Greece (mountains in mainland, Athos, Thasos)
13 ALB BUL GRC NMA
Remarks: stabilized hybrid derived from Abies alba x A. cephalonica
Synonyms: hidden
= Abies alba subsp. acutifolia (Turrill) Fukarek; Univ Istanbul Fac. Forestry Publ. 209: 92 (1974)
= Abies alba subsp. borisii-regis (Mattf.) Kozuharov & N.Andreev; Opred. Vissh. Rast. Bulg. 785
= Abies alba var. acutifolia Turrill; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1925: 34 (1925)
= Abies borisii-regis var. pungentipilosa Viguié & Gaussen; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse 58: 279 (1929)
= Abies cilicica subsp. borisii-regis (Mattf.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 37 (2008)
= Abies cilicica var. borisii-regis (Mattf.) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 11 (1990)
species :
Abies ×masjoannis
D.Soto, J.I.García Viñas & E.P.Bujarrabal; Acta Bot. Malac. 42(2): 218 (2017)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
species :
Abies ×sibirico-nephrolepis
Takenouchi & J.J.Chien; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 6: 153 (1957)
Distribution: China (Heilongjiang)
36 CHI
Remarks: Abies nephrolepis x A. sibirica
