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Ver. 24.8
August 27th, 2024

450.0000 Family Asteraceae Dumort.; Comment. Bot. 55 (1822)
1620 genera, ca. 29.000 spp. (35.000 spp. incl. microspecies). Systematics taken mostly from Funk et al. (2009, 2020) and other recent publications. Barnadesioideae might be its own family, related to Calyceraceae.
Species listed in database: 35189; hybrids: 684
= Acarnaceae Link; (1829)
= Ambrosiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820), nom. cons.
= Anthemidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Aposeridaceae Raf.; New Fl. N. Amer. 4: 106 (1838)
= Arctotaceae Bessey; Nebraska Univ. Stud. 14: 107 (1914)
= Arctotidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Artemisiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 48 (1820)
= Athanasiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 56 (1820)
= Calendulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Carduaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Carlinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Centaureaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Cichoriaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 168 (1789), nom. cons.
= Cnicaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 273, 297 (1818)
= Compositae Giseke; Prael. Ord. Nat. Pl.: 538 (1792), nom. cons.
= Coreopsidaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 768 (1829)
= Cynaraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot.: 926, 931, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Echinopaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Eupatoriaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 253 (1820)
= Gnaphaliaceae Link ex F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg.: 46 (1830)
= Grindeliaceae Rchb. ex A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 330 (1907)
= Heleniaceae Raf.; Cincinnati Lit. Gaz. 2: 28 (1824)
= Helianthaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Helichrysaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 712 (1829)
= Inulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Ivaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 1: 31 (1837)
= Lactucaceae Drude; J. A. Schenk, Handb. Bot. 3(2): 369 (1886)
= Lapsanaceae Martinov; (1820)
= Madiaceae A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 332 (1907)
= Matricariaceae Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt.: 400 (1845)
= Mutisiaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot.: 934, 935, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Nassauviaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch.: 290 (1836)
= Partheniaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 816 (1829)
= Perdiciaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 728 (1829)
= Picridaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 482 (1820)
= Santolinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 560 (1820)
= Senecionaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Serratulaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 577 (1820)
= Tanacetaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 273, 298 (1818)
= Tussilagaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Vernoniaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch.: 296 (1836)
= Xanthiaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 273, 298 (1818)
= Xeranthemaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl.: 498 (1843)
450.9444 Genus Clibadium F.Allam. ex L.; Mant. 2: 161 (1771)
Distribution: Tropical America, West Indies
Species listed in database: 39
= Baillieria Aubl.; Hist. Pl. Guiane 2: 804 (1775)
= Orsinia Bertol. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 5: 104 (1836)
= Oswalda Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 59: 322 (1829)
= Trichapium Gilli; Feddes Repert. 94: 312 (1983)
species :
Clibadium acuminatum Benth.; Bot. Voy. Sulph. 114 (1844)
Distribution: Isla del Coco; Colombia (Antioquia, Nariño); Venezuela (Aragua, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Merida, Miranda, Tachira)
80 COC 82 CLM VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Clibadium parviceps S.F.Blake; Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 22: 598 (1924)
= Clibadium pediculatum Aristeg.; Fl. Venez. 10: 393 (1964)
= Clibadium sneidernii Cuatrec.; Rev. Acad. Colomb. 9: 240 (1954)
species :
Clibadium anceps Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. 39: 97 (1903)
Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama
80 COS PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Clibadium pilonicum Stuessy; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard., 62(4): 1073 (1975 publ. 1976)
species :
Clibadium arboreum Donn.Sm.; Coult. Bot. Gaz. 14: 26 (1889)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México State, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua
79 MEX 80 BLZ ELS GUA HON NIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Clibadium donnell-smithii J.M.Coult.; Bot. Gaz. 16: (1891) 98. 16: 98 (1891)
= Clibadium oligandrum S.F.Blake; Brittonia 2: 342 (1937)
= Clibadium pueblanum S.F.Blake; Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 22: 601 (1924)
species :
Clibadium armanii (Balb.) Sch.Bip. ex O.E.Schulz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 46(5): 616 (1912)
Distribution: Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Amazonas, Tocantins, Acre); NE-Brazil (Piauí, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brazília Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Amambay, Caaguazu, Canindeyu, San Pedro)
82 FRG GUY SUR 83 BOL 84 BRA 85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alomia armanii (Balb.) Baker; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(2): 191 (1876)
= Clibadium rotundifolium DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 5: 505 (1836)
= Eupatorium armanii Balb.; Pl. Rar. Hort. Taur. (1810) 27. t. 6
= Orsinia eupatoria DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 5: 104 (1836)
= Piqueria eupatorium (DC.) Gardner; Hook. Lond. J. Bot. 6: 430 (1847)
species :
Clibadium arriagadae Pruski; Sida 21(4): 2029 (2005)
Distribution: Ecuador
83 ECU
species :
Clibadium congestum Cuatrec.; Rev. Acad. Colomb. 9: 237 (1954)
Distribution: Colombia
82 CLM
species :
Clibadium cordatum Cuatrec.; Rev. Acad. Colomb. 9: 237 (1954)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Chocó, Valle)
82 CLM
species :
Clibadium divaricatum S.F.Blake; Contrib. Gray Herb. n. s. 111. 7 (1917)
Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz)
83 BOL PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Clibadium rimachii H.Rob.; Phytologia 65(1): 50 (1988)
species :
Clibadium eggersii Hieron.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 598 (1901)
Distribution: Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Amazonas, Antioquia, Boyacá, Cauca, Chocó, Meta, Nariño, Putumayo, Risaralda, Valle); Ecuador; Peru
80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN 82 CLM 83 ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Clibadium chocoense Cuatrec.; Rev. Acad. Colomb. 9: 236 (1954)
= Clibadium pittieri f. phrixium Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 40: 38 (1904)
= Clibadium pittieri Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 39: 98 (1903)
= Clibadium polygynum S.F.Blake; Contrib. Gray Herb. n. s. 52: 6 (1917)
= Clibadium propinquum S.F.Blake; Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 22: 597 (1924)
= Clibadium terebinthinaceum var. pittieri (Greenm.) O.E.Schulz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 46: 626 (1912)
= Wulffia sodiroi Hieron. ex Sodiro; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 34 (1900)
species :
Clibadium erosum (Sw.) DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 5: 506 (1836)
Name: Carruzo, Turma de toro
Distribution: Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Thomas); St. Martin/St. Maarten; Saba; Nevis; St. Kitts; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; St. Vincent
81 DOM GDL MAR MTS PUE SAB STK STL STM STV VIR
Synonyms: hidden
= Baillieria erosa (Sw.) Poir.; Encyc. Suppl. 1: 563 (1811)
= Clibadium fragiferum Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 368 (1861)
= Trixis erosa Sw.; Prod. 5eg. Ind. Occ. 115 (1788)
species :
Clibadium frontinoense S.Díaz & Arriagada; Rev. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Exact. Fis. Nat. 70: 301 (1992)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Cundinamarca)
82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Clibadium funkiae H.Rob.; Phytologia 73(2): 149 (1992)
species :
Clibadium glabrescens S.F.Blake; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 27: 381 (1937)
Distribution: Colombia (Nariño, Putumayo); Venezuela (Merida); Ecuador
82 CLM VEN 83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Clibadium napoense H.Rob.; Phytologia 73(2): 152 (1992)
species :
Clibadium glomeratum Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. 39: 98 (1903)
Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama
80 COS PAN
species :
Clibadium grandifolium S.F.Blake; Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 22: 599 (1924)
Distribution: Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Caldas, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Nariño, Risaralda, Tolima, Valle); ?E-Ecuador
80 COS NIC PAN 82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Clibadium grande S.F.Blake; Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 22: 601 (1924)
= Clibadium pacificum Cuatrec.; Rev. Acad. Colomb. 9: 238 (1954)
= Clibadium terebinthinaceum subsp. colombiense Cuatrec.; Revista Acad. Colomb. Ci. Exact. 9: 240 (1954)
species :
Clibadium harlingii H.Rob.; Phytologia 44(4): 282 (1979)
Distribution: Ecuador
83 ECU
species :
Clibadium laxum S.F.Blake; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 16: 418 (1926)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Chocó, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Putumayo, Valle); Ecuador
82 CLM 83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Clibadium alatum H.Rob.; Phytologia 73(2): 151 (1992)
= Clibadium lehmannianum O.E.Schulz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 46: 620 (1912)
= Clibadium terebinthinaceum var. ecuadorense O.E.Schulz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 46(5): 626 (1912)
species :
Clibadium leiocarpum Steetz; Seem. Bot. Voy. Herald, 152 (1854)
Distribution: Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama
80 COS NIC PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Clibadium leiocarpum var. strigosum S.F.Blake; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 27: 382 (1937)
= Clibadium schulzii S.F.Blake; Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 22: 602 (1924)
species :
Clibadium leptophyllum Cuatrec.; Rev. Acad. Colomb. 9: 237 (1954)
Distribution: Colombia (Chocó)
82 CLM
species :
Clibadium manabiense H.Rob.; Phytologia 44(4): 280 (1979)
Distribution: Colombia (Nariño); Ecuador
82 CLM 83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichapium strigosum Gilli; Feddes Repert. 94(5): 313 (1983)
species :
Clibadium micranthum O.E.Schulz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 46: 625 (1912)
Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (La Paz)
83 BOL PER
species :
Clibadium microcephalum S.F.Blake; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 16: 419 (1926)
Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas, Boyacá, Caldas, Cauca, Valle); Ecuador
82 CLM 83 ECU
species :
Clibadium pastazense Domke; Biblioth. Bot. 29: Heft 116, 163 (1937)
Distribution: Ecuador
83 ECU
species :
Clibadium pentaneuron S.F.Blake; Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 22: 598 (1924)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Caquetá, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Meta, Nariño, Putumayo, Tolima, Valle); Ecuador
82 CLM 83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Clibadium sarmentosum Cuatrec.; Rev. Acad. Colomb. 9: 239 (1954)
= Clibadium zakii H.Rob.; Phytologia 73(2): 153 (1992), contrary to Art. 37.5 ICBN (1988)
species :
Clibadium peruvianum Poepp. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 5: 505 (1836)
Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Pando); Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Tucuman)
83 BOL PER 85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Clibadium psilogynum S.F.Blake; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 21: 329 (1931)
species :
Clibadium pileorubrum Cuatrec.; Rev. Acad. Colomb. 9: 238 (1954)
Distribution: Colombia
82 CLM
species :
Clibadium ramirezii Al.Rodr.; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 17(2): 432 (2023)
Distribution: Costa Rica
80 COS
species :
Clibadium remotiflorum O.E.Schulz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 46: 621 (1912)
Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz, Santa Cruz)
83 BOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Clibadium heterotrichum S.F.Blake; Contrib. Gray Herb. n. s. 111. 3 (1917)
species :
Clibadium rhytidophyllum Diels; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 14: 341 (1939)
Distribution: Ecuador
83 ECU
species :
Clibadium scandens Cuatrec.; Rev. Acad. Colomb. 9: 239 (1954)
Distribution: Colombia
82 CLM
species :
Clibadium sessile S.F.Blake; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 28: 475 (1941)
Distribution: Panama
80 PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Clibadium subauriculatum Stuessy; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard., 62(4): 1074 (1975 publ. 1976)
species :
Clibadium sodiroi Hieron. ex Sodiro; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 32 (1900)
Distribution: Colombia (Cauca, Valle); Ecuador
82 CLM 83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Clibadium mexiae S.F.Blake; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 28: 489 (1938)
species :
Clibadium sprucei S.F.Blake; Contrib. Gray Herb. n. s. 52: 5 (1917)
Distribution: Ecuador
83 ECU
species :
Clibadium subsessilifolium Hieron.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 32 (1900)
Distribution: Ecuador
83 ECU
species :
Clibadium surinamense L.; Mant. 2: 294 (1771)
Name: Barbasco; Jackass breadnut (Jamaica)
Distribution: Mauritius [I]; Taiwan [I]; Thailand [I]; Sumatra [I]; Borneo [I]; Java [I]; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Martinique; St. Vincent; Grenada; Tobago; Trinidad; Colombia (Amazonas, Antioquia, Arauca, Bolívar, Boyacá, Caldas, Caquetá, Casanare, Cauca, Chocó, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, Guainía, Guaviare, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Putumayo, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima, Valle, Vaupés); Isla Margarita; Venezuela (Amazonas, Aragua, Bolívar, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Nueva Esparta, Sucre, Tachira, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Amapa, Pará, Amazonas, Acre)
29 mau 38 tai 41 tha 42 bor jaw sum 80 COS HON NIC PAN 81 GRE HIS JAM MAR STV TRT VEN 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Baillieria aspera Aubl.; Pl. Gui. 2: 804. t. 317 (1775)
= Clibadium asperum (Aubl.) DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 5: 506 (1836)
= Clibadium asperum Baill. ex Laness.; Pl. util. col. franc. 406 (1886)
= Clibadium caracasanum DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 5: 506 (1836)
= Clibadium foetidum Alemand ex L.; Mant. Pl. Altera 294 (1771)
= Clibadium lanceolatum Rusby; Descr. New Sp. S. Am. Pl. 150 (1920)
= Clibadium pallidum Diels; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 14: 340 (1939)
= Clibadium surinamense var. asperum (Aubl.) Baker; Fl. Bras. (Mart. ) 6(3): 152 (1884)
= Clibadium surinamense var. macrophyllum Steyerm.; Fieldiana, Bot. 28: 629 (1953)
= Clibadium trinitatis DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 5: 505 (1836)
= Clibadium vargasianum H.Rob.; Wrightia 6: 46 (1979)
= Clibadium villosum Benth.; Pl. Hartw. 205 (1845)
= Oswalda baillierioides Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 59: 322 (1829)
= Trixis aspera (Aubl.) Sw.; Prod. 5eg. Ind. Occ. 7, 115 (1788), Fl. Ind. Occ. 3: 1374. t. 115 (1806)
= Trixis scabra Sw.; Fl. Ind. Occ. 3: 1378 (1806)
species :
Clibadium sylvestre (Aubl.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. 8: 307 (1882)
Name: Enivre, Nivoue (Lesser Antilles)
Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama; Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique; St. Vincent; Grenada; Tobago; Trinidad; Colombia (Amazonas, Antioquia, Bolívar, Caquetá, Casanare, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Guaviare, Magdalena, Nariño, Putumayo, Valle, Vaupés); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Aragua, Barinas, Bolívar, Carabobo, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Portuguesa, Tachira, Yaracuy, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Tarija); N-Brazil (Roraima, Amapa, Amazonas, Acre); NE-Brazil (Maranhao); WC-Brazil (Goiás)
80 COS PAN 81 DOM GDL GRE MAR STV TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Baillieria barbasco Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H. B. K.], ed. fol. 4: 289 (1818)
= Baillieria sylvestris Aubl.; Pl. Gui. 2: 807 (1775)
= Clibadium appressipilum S.F.Blake; Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 22: 600 (1924)
= Clibadium badieri (DC.) Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 367 (1861)
= Clibadium barbasco (Kunth) DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 5: 507 (1836)
= Clibadium caudatum S.F.Blake; Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 22: 600 (1924)
= Clibadium havanense DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 5: 506 (1836)
= Clibadium latifolium Rusby; Descr. New Sp. S. Am. Pl. 150 (1920)
= Clibadium schomburgkii Sch.Bip.; R. H. Schomb. Fauna & Fl. Guian. 940 (1848), nomen
= Clibadium strigillosum S.F.Blake; Contrib. Gray Herb. n. s. 52: 4 (1917)
= Clibadium terebinthinaceum var. badieri DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 5: 506 (1836)
= Clibadium vargasii DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 5: 506 (1836)
= Trixis barbasco (Kunth) F.Dietr.; Neu. Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 9: 95 (1838)
species :
Clibadium terebinthinaceum (Sw.) DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 5: 506 (1836)
Name: Enivre, Nivoue (Lesser Antilles)
Distribution: Cuba; Jamaica; Colombia (Antioquia, Chocó, Magdalena, Nariño, Putumayo, Valle)
81 CUB JAM 82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Baillieria terebinthacea (Sw.) Poir.; Encycl. [J. Lam. et al.] Suppl. 1. 563 (1811)
= Clibadium alexandri Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. 368 (1861)
= Trixis terebinthinacea Sw.; Prod. Veg. Ind. Occ. 115 (1788)
species :
Clibadium trianae (Hieron.) S.F.Blake; Contrib. Gray Herb. n. s. 52: 6 (1917)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Cauca, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Nariño, Putumayo, Quindío, Risaralda, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Tachira); Ecuador
82 CLM VEN 83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Clibadium sychnocephalum S.F.Blake; Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 22: 603 (1924)
= Desmanthodium trianae Hieron.; Bot. Jahrb. 19: 52 (1894)
species :
Clibadium websteri H.Rob.; Phytologia 82(1): 58-62 (1997)
Distribution: Ecuador; Peru
83 ECU PER
species :
Clibadium zarucchii H.Rob.; Phytologia 65(1): 51 (1988)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia)
82 CLM
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 24.8 (August 27th, 2024)

Covering 355,300 accepted species,
8,699 hybrids, 47,761 accepted infraspecific taxa and 999,196 synonyms,
in total 1,410,956* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life