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006.0000 Family Ophioglossaceae Martynov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 438 (1820) (Ophioglosseae)
Phylogeny: Zhang et al. 2020, Kuo et al. 2024
Species listed in database: 129; hybrids: 9
= Helminthostachyaceae Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 10: 235 (1941)
= Ophioglosseae R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 163 (1810)
= Botrychiaceae Horan.; Char. Ess. Fam. 15 (1847)
006.1005 Genus Sceptridium Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40: 457 (1905)
Distribution: Temperate worldwide.
Species listed in database: 23; hybrids: 5
= Holubiella Skoda; Preslia 68(4): 345 (1996 publ. 1997)
species :
Sceptridium atrovirens Sahashi; J. Jap. Bot. 54(8): 241 (1979)
Distribution: Japan (mainland Japan, Izu Isl.)
38 JAP
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium atrovirens (Sahashi) M.Kato; Fl. Jap. [Iwatsuki et al., eds.] 1: 26 (1995)
= Sceptridium japonicum var. atrovirens (Sahashi) Seriz.; J. Phytogeogr. Taxon. 30(1): 44 (1982)
species :
Sceptridium australe Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40: 457 (1905)
Name: Parsley fern, Patotara
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Australia (NE-Queensland, Australian Capital Territory, Victoria, Tasmania, New South Wales); Lord Howe Isl.; New Zealand (North Isl., South Isl.); Chatham Isl.; Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Cordoba, San Luis, Tucuman, Neuquen, Rio Negro)
42 NWG 50 AUS LHI 51 CTM NZL 84 BRA 85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium australe R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 164 (1810)
= Botrychium australe subsp. negeri (Christ) R.T.Clausen; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 19(2): 40 (1938)
= Botrychium australe var. erosum (Milde) Prantl; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 3: 340 (1884)
= Botrychium australe var. millefolium (Hochst. ex Milde) Prantl; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 3: 341 (1883)
= Botrychium erosum Milde; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 102 (1864)
= Botrychium millefolium Hochst. ex Milde; Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 19: 158 (1869)
= Botrychium negeri Christ; Ark. Bot. 6(3): 2, f. 1 (1906)
= Botrychium ternatum var. australe (R.Br.) Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 20(85): 224 (1928)
= Botrychium ternatum var. erosum (Milde) Milde; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 18: 509 (1868)
= Sceptridium negeri (Christ) Holub; Preslia 45: 277 (1973)
species :
Sceptridium biforme (Colenso) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40: 457 (1905)
Name: Fine-leaved parsley fern
Distribution: New Zealand (North Isl., South Isl., Stewart Isl.); Chatham Isl.
51 CTM NZL
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium australe var. millefolium (Milde) Prantl; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 3: 341 (1883)
= Botrychium biforme Colenso; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 18: 223 (1886)
= Botrychium cicutarium var. dissectum Hook.f.; Handb. N. Zeal. Fl. 1: 387 (1864)
species :
Sceptridium biternatum (Savigny) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40(6): 457 (1905)
Name: Sparse-lobed Grape Fern
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia)
74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium biternatum (Savigny) Underw.; Bot. Gaz. 22: 407, t. 21 (1896)
= Botrychium dissectum var. tenuifolium (Underw.) Farw.; Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 3: 89 (1924)
= Botrychium fumariae Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(1): 23 (1827)
= Botrychium fumarianum Sm.; Cycl. [A.Rees] (London ed.) 39: no. 4 (1819)
= Botrychium fumarioides Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 5(1): 63 (1810)
= Botrychium obliquum var. tenuifolium (Underw.) Gilbert; Fern Bull. 11: 99 (1903)
= Botrychium tenuifolium Underw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 30: 52 (1903)
= Botrychium ternatum f. tenuifolium (Underw.) Clute; Fern Bull. 13: 118 (1905)
= Osmunda biternata Savigny; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 4: 6 (1797)
= Sceptridium tenuifolium (Underw.) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40(6): 458 (1905)
= Sceptridium ternatum var. tenuifolium (Underw.) Clute; Fern Bull. 14: 48 (1906)
species :
Sceptridium daucifolium (Wall. ex Hook. & Grev.) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40: 457 (1905)
Distribution: China (Chongqing, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, ?Yunnan, Zhejiang); Japan; Ryukyu Isl.; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Odisha, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Myanmar; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Gunung Jasah, Cameron Highlands, Pahang); Sumatra; Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah); Sulawesi; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Flores); Moluccas (Seram); New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Fiji (Viti Levu); [Western] Samoa (Savai´i, ´Upolu)
36 CHI 38 JAP NNS 40 BHU IND NEP SRL 41 MYA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI SUL SUM 60 FIJ SAM
Remarks: Subgen. Sceptridium
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium daucifolium Wall. ex Hook. & Grev.; Icon. Filic. 2: t. 161 (1830)
= Botrychium officinale Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 2: 330 (1959)
= Botrychium parvifolium var. parvum Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 2, 1: 3 (1911)
= Botrychium subcarnosum Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 49 (1829), nomen
= Botrychium subcarnosum Wall. ex Grev. & Hook.; Bot. Misc. 3: 222 (1833)
= Sceptridium daucifolium (Wall. ex Hook. & Grev.) Y.X.Lin; Higher Pl. China 2: 78 (2008), isonym
= Sceptridium daucifolium var. intermedium Sahashi; J. Jap. Bot. 56(11): 342 (1981)
= Sceptridium daucifolium var. kanaii Sahashi; J. Jap. Bot. 56(11): 343 (1981)
= Sceptridium daucifolium var. parvum Nishida; J. Jap. Bot. 41: 319 (1966)
= Sceptridium officinale (Ching) Ching & H.S.Kung; Fl. Sichuan. 6: 101 (1988)
species :
Sceptridium decompositum (M.Martens & Galeotti) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40: 457 (1905)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); Guatemala; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama
79 MEX 80 COS GUA NIC PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium decompositum M.Martens & Galeotti; Nouv. Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 15 (Mém. Lycopod.): 15, t. 1 (1842)
= Botrychium dissectum subsp. decompositum (M.Martens & Galeotti) R.T.Clausen; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 19(2): 58 (1938)
species :
Sceptridium dissectum (Spreng.) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40(6): 457 (1905)
Name: Cut-Leaf Grape Fern, lacy leaf grape fern.
Distribution: Canada (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia); Jamaica
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA 81 JAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium cuneatum Desv.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 6(2): 195 (1827)
= Botrychium dissectum f. confusum (Wherry) E.A.Barthol.; Castanea 16(4): 136 (1951)
= Botrychium dissectum f. elongatum (Gilbert & Haberer) Weath.; Rhodora 23: 209 (1922)
= Botrychium dissectum f. obliquum (Muhl.) Fernald; Rhodora 23(270): 151 (1921)
= Botrychium dissectum f. oblongifolium (E.W.Graves) M.Broun; Index No. Amer. Ferns: 34 (1938)
= Botrychium dissectum f. occidentale Clute; Fern Bull. 10: 76 (1902)
= Botrychium dissectum Spreng.; Anleit. Kenntn. Gew. 3: 172 (1804)
= Botrychium dissectum var. elongatum (Gilbert & Haberer) Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 18: 86 (1916)
= Botrychium dissectum var. obliquum (Muhl.) Clute; Fern Bull. 10: 76 (1902)
= Botrychium fumarioides var. dissectum (Spreng.) Oakes; Cat. Vermont Pl. [Oakes] 207 (1842)
= Botrychium lunarioides var. dissectum (Spreng.) A.Gray; Manual (Gray), ed. 1: 635 (1848)
= Botrychium lunarioides var. obliquum (Muhl.) A.Gray; Manual (Gray), ed. 1: 635 (1848)
= Botrychium obliquum f. confusum Wherry; Bartonia 21: 12 (1924)
= Botrychium obliquum f. dissectum (Spreng.) Clute; Fern Bull. 10: 87 (1902)
= Botrychium obliquum f. elongatum Gilbert & Haberer; Fern Bull. 11: 99 (1903)
= Botrychium obliquum f. oblongifolium (E.W.Graves) Clute; Our Ferns 89, 384 (1901)
= Botrychium obliquum f. occidentale Clute; Fern Bull. 10: 77 (1902)
= Botrychium obliquum f. pennsylvanicum (E.W.Graves) Gruber; Amer. Fern J. 30: 44 (1940)
= Botrychium obliquum Muhl. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 5(1): 63 (1810)
= Botrychium obliquum var. dissectum (Spreng.) Prantl; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 3: 342 (1884)
= Botrychium obliquum var. elongatum Gilbert & Haberer; Fern Bull. 11: 89 (1903)
= Botrychium obliquum var. oblongifolium Clute; Amer. Fern J. 22: 50, pl. 4 (1932)
= Botrychium obliquum var. pennsylvanicum E.W.Graves; Amer. Fern J. 25: 118 (1935)
= Botrychium ternatum f. dissectum (Spreng.) Clute; Fern Bull. 11: 116 (1903)
= Botrychium ternatum f. obliquum (Muhl.) Milde; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 19: 163 (1869)
= Botrychium ternatum var. dissectum (Spreng.) D.C.Eaton; Ferns N. Amer. 1(6-7): 150 (1878)
= Botrychium ternatum var. dissectum (Spreng.) Milde; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 19: 164 (1869)
= Botrychium ternatum var. obliquum (Muhl. ex Willd.) D.C.Eaton; Ferns N. Amer. 1: 149 (1878)
= Osmunda dissecta (Spreng.) Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] Suppl. 4: 233 (1816)
= Osmunda obliqua (Muhl.) Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] Suppl. 4: 233 (1816)
= Sceptridium dissectum var. obliquum (Muhl. ex Willd.) Mohlenbr.; Vasc. Fl. Illinois 79 (2014)
= Sceptridium obliquum (Muhl. ex Willd.) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40: 458 (1905)
= Sceptridium obliquum var. elongatum (Gilbert & Haberer) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40: 458 (1905)
= Sceptridium ternatum var. dissectum (Spreng.) Clute; Fern Bull. 14: 48 (1906)
species :
Sceptridium formosanum (Tagawa) Holub; Preslia 45: 277 (1973)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Jiangxi, Yunnan); Japan; Taiwan; Myanmar (Kachin)
36 CHI 38 JAP TAI 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium formosanum Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 9: 87 (1940)
species :
Sceptridium japonicum (Prantl) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40: 457 (1905)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang); South Korea (incl. Cheju Isl.); Japan
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR
Remarks: not in Taiwan
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium daucifolium var. japonicum Prantl; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 3: 340 (1884)
= Botrychium japonicum (Prantl) Underw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 26: 538 (1898)
= Sceptridium daucifolium var. japonicum (Prantl) S.H.Wu; Fl. Guangdong 7: 28 (2006), nom. inval.
= Sceptridium japonicum (Prantl) Y.X.Lin; Higher Pl. China 2: 79 (2008), isonym
species :
Sceptridium javanicum Sahashi; J. Jap. Bot. 56(2): 346 (1981)
Distribution: Borneo; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Timor, Alor); [Western] Samoa; Society Isl.
42 BOR JAW LSI 60 SAM 61 SCI
species :
Sceptridium jenmanii (Underw.) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40(6): 457 (1905)
Name: Dixie grapefern
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia); Costa Rica; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic); Puerto Rico
78 USA 80 COS 81 CUB HIS JAM PUE
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium alabamense Maxon; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 19: 23 (1906)
= Botrychium jenmanii Underw.; Fern Bull. 8: 59 (1900)
= Botrychium ternatum var. alabamense (Maxon) Clute; Fern Bull. 17: 21 (1909)
= Sceptridium alabamense (Maxon) Holub; Preslia 45: 277 (1973)
= Sceptridium ternatum var. jenmanii (Underw.) Clute; Fern Bull. 14: 48 (1906)
species :
Sceptridium lunarioides (Michx.) Holub; Preslia 70(2): 111 (1998)
Name: Winter Grape Fern (EN)
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Texas)
74 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium lunarioides (Michx.) Sw.; Syn. Fil. (Kiliae) [O.Swartz] 172 (1806)
= Botrypus lunarioides Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 2: 274 (1803)
= Holubiella lunarioides (Michx.) Skoda; Preslia 68(4): 345 (1996 publ. 1997)
species :
Sceptridium microphyllum Sahashi; J. Jap. Bot. 56(5): 129 (1981)
Distribution: Japan (Hokkaido)
38 JAP
Conservation Status: IUCN R. CR in Japan
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium microphyllum (Sahashi) M.Kato; Fl. Jap. [Iwatsuki et al., eds.] 1: 27 (1995)
species :
Sceptridium multifidum (S.G.Gmel.) M.Nishida ex Tagawa; J. Jap. Bot. 33: 200 (1958)
Name: Vielteilige Mondraute (Rautenfarn) (DE), Leathery Grape Fern (EN)
Distribution: Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, +Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, +Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, +Niedersachsen, +Schleswig-Holstein, +Sachsen, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Italy; Slovenia; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; European Russia (N-European Russia, C-European Russia); Ukraine; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Khabarovsk); Kazakhstan; Georgia [Caucasus] (Adzharia); Japan; Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming)
10 DEN FIN NOR SWE 11 AUT CZE GER HUN POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA KOS ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 33 GEO 38 JAP 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium baeckeanum Brockmüller; Arch. Vereins Freunde Naturgesch. Mecklenburg 19: 170 (1863)
= Botrychium breynii Fr.; Summa Veg. Scand. [Fries] 1: 252 (1845)
= Botrychium californicum Underw.; Torreya 5(6): 107 (1905)
= Botrychium coulteri Underw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25: 537 (1898)
= Botrychium lunaria var. rutaceum (Lilj.) Lilj.; Utkast Sv. Fl., ed. 3: 516 (1816)
= Botrychium lunaria var. rutaceum (Lilj.) Wallr.; Fl. Crypt. Germ. 1: 30 (1831), isonym
= Botrychium lunaria var. rutaceum (Sw.) Hampe; Prodr. Fl. Hercyn. (1836), nom. illeg.
= Botrychium matricariae (Schrank) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(1): 23 (1827)
= Botrychium matricarianum Sm.; Cycl. [A.Rees] (London ed.) 39: no. 3 (1819), sphalm.
= Botrychium matricariifolium subsp. rutaefolium (A.Braun) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 381 (1894)
= Botrychium matricarioides Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 5(1): 62 (1810)
= Botrychium multifidum (S.G.Gmel.) Rupr.; Beitr. Pflanzenk. Russ. Reiches 11: 40 (1859)
= Botrychium multifidum (S.G.Gmel.) Trevis.; Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. 17: 241 (1875) (nom. illeg., non (S. G. Gmel.) Rupr. (1859))
= Botrychium multifidum subsp. californicum (Underw.) R.T.Clausen; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 19(2): 37 (1938)
= Botrychium multifidum subsp. coulteri (Underw.) R.T.Clausen; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 19(2): 36 (1938)
= Botrychium multifidum subsp. silaifolium (C.Presl) R.T.Clausen; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 64: 271 (1937)
= Botrychium multifidum var. australe Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 18: 86 (1916)
= Botrychium multifidum var. californicum (Underw.) M.Broun; Index No. Amer. Ferns: 40 (1938)
= Botrychium multifidum var. coulteri (Underw.) M.Broun; Index No. Amer. Ferns: 40 (1938)
= Botrychium multifidum var. dichotomum Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 18: 87 (1916)
= Botrychium multifidum var. habereri (Gilbert) Farw.; Amer. Fern J. 27: 16 (1937)
= Botrychium multifidum var. intermedium (D.C.Eaton) Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 18: 87 (1916)
= Botrychium multifidum var. silaifolium (C.Presl) M.Broun; Index No. Amer. Ferns: 41 (1938)
= Botrychium multifidum var. simplicius Farw.; Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 3: 90 (1924)
= Botrychium obliquum var. habereri Gilbert; Fern Bull. 11: 88 (1903)
= Botrychium obliquum var. intermedium Underw.; Native Ferns, ed. 6: 72 (1900)
= Botrychium obliquum var. matricarioides (Willd.) Gilbert; Fern Bull. 11: 99 (1903)
= Botrychium obliquum var. multifidum (S.G.Gmel.) Clute; Our Ferns 88, 368 (1901)
= Botrychium obliquum var. rutaceum (Sw.) Waters; Ferns [Waters] 335 (1903)
= Botrychium occidentale Underw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25: 538 (1898)
= Botrychium rutaceum (Lilj.) Sw.; J. Bot. [Schrader] 1800(2): 110 (1801)
= Botrychium rutifolium A.Br.; Rhein. Fl. 24 (1843)
= Botrychium silaifolium C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 76 (1825)
= Botrychium silaifolium var. californicum (Underw.) Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 26 (1925)
= Botrychium silaifolium var. coulteri (Underw.) Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 26 (1925)
= Botrychium silesiacum Kirschleger; Fl. Alsace 2: 401 (1857)
= Botrychium ternatum subvar. intermedium D.C.Eaton; Ferns N. Amer. 1: 149, 155 (1879)
= Botrychium ternatum f. coulteri (Underw.) Clute; Fern Bull. 11: 116 (1903)
= Botrychium ternatum f. intermedium (D.C.Eaton) Clute; Fern Bull. 11: 116 (1903)
= Botrychium ternatum f. matricariae Clute; Fern Bull. 13: 118 (1905) (tentative synonym)
= Botrychium ternatum f. occidentale Clute; Fern Bull. 11: 117 (1903)
= Botrychium ternatum f. silaifolium (C.Presl) Clute; Fern Bull. 13: 118 (1905)
= Botrychium ternatum Hook. & Baker; Syn. Fil. [W.J.Hooker & Baker] 448 (1868)
= Botrychium ternatum var. americanum Milde; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 19: 162 (1869) (tentative synonym)
= Botrychium ternatum var. coulteri (Underw.) M.E.Jones; Bull. Montana State Univ., Biol. Ser. 15: 7 (1910)
= Botrychium ternatum var. intermedium D.C.Eaton; Manual (Gray), ed. 6: 694 (1890)
= Botrychium ternatum var. occidentale Gilbert; Working List N. Amer. Pterid. 12 (1901)
= Botrychium ternatum var. silaefolium (C.Presl) M.E.Jones; Bull. Montana State Univ., Biol. Ser. 15: 8 (1910)
= Botrychium ternatum var. silaifolium (C.Presl) Clute; Fern Bull. 11: 117 (1903)
= Osmunda bavarica Schmid; Bot. Taschenb. Anfänger Wiss. Apothekerkunst 1803: 7 (1803)
= Osmunda lunaria var. beckeana L.; Amoen. Acad., Linnaeus ed. 8: 105 (1771)
= Osmunda matricariae Schrank; Baier. Fl. 2: 419 (1789)
= Osmunda matricarioides (Willd.) Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] Suppl. 4: 233 (1816)
= Osmunda multifida S.G.Gmel.; Novi Comment. Acad. Sci. Imp. Petrop. 12: 517 (1768), nom. cons.
= Osmunda rutacea Lilj.; Utkast Sv. Fl. 303 (1792)
= Sceptridium californicum (Underw.) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40(6): 457 (1905)
= Sceptridium coulteri (Underw.) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40(6): 457 (1905)
= Sceptridium matricariae (Schrank) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40: 458 (1905)
= Sceptridium obliquum var. habereri (Gilbert) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40: 458 (1905)
= Sceptridium obliquum var. intermedium (D.C.Eaton) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40: 458 (1905)
= Sceptridium silaifolium (C.Presl) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40(6): 458 (1905)
= Sceptridium ternatum var. californicum (Underw.) Clute; Fern Bull. 14: 48 (1906)
= Sceptridium ternatum var. coulteri (Underw.) Clute; Fern Bull. 14: 48 (1906)
species :
Sceptridium nipponicum (Makino) Holub; Preslia 45: 277 (1973)
Distribution: China (Guangxi); Japan
36 CHI 38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium nipponicum Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 1: 5 (1916)
variant :
var. minus (H.Hara) Sahashi; J. Jap. Bot. 56(5): 135 (1981)
Distribution: Japan (Honshu)
38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium japonicum var. minus H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 9: 127, f. 3 (1933)
= Botrychium minus (H.Hara) Nakaike; Checkl. Lycophytes Ferns Japan 3 (2013)
= Botrychium nipponicum var. minus (H.Hara) M.Kato; Fl. Jap. [Iwatsuki et al., eds.] 1: 26 (1995)
= Sceptridium minus (H.Hara) M.Nishida ex Tagawa; J. Jap. Bot. 33: 201 (1958)
species :
Sceptridium oneidense (Gilbert) Holub; Preslia 70(2): 111 (1998)
Name: Blunt-lobed Grape Fern
Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario, Québec); USA (Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium dissectum f. oneidense (Gilbert) Clute; Fern Bull. 10: 76 (1902)
= Botrychium dissectum var. oneidense (Gilbert) Clute; Fern Bull. 10: 76 (1902)
= Botrychium multifidum var. oneidense (Gilbert) Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 18: 86 (1916)
= Botrychium obliquum f. oneidense (Gilbert) Clute; Fern Bull. 10: 77 (1902)
= Botrychium obliquum var. oneidense (Gilbert) Waters; Ferns [Waters] 334 (1903)
= Botrychium oneidense (Gilbert) House; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 7: 126 (1921)
= Botrychium ternatum f. oneidense (Gilbert) Clute; Fern Bull. 13: 118 (1905)
= Botrychium ternatum var. oneidense Gilbert; Fern Bull. 9: 27 (1901)
= Sceptridium obliquum var. oneidense (Gilbert) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40(6): 458 (1905)
species :
Sceptridium robustum (Rupr.) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40(6): 458 (1905)
Name: Leathery grapefern
Distribution: Siberia (Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Chongqing, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Sichuan, Yunnan); North Korea; South Korea (incl. Ulleung Isl.); Japan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Manipur)
30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO 40 BHU IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium longipedunculatum Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 2: 330 (1959)
= Botrychium multifidum subsp. robustum (Rupr. ex Milde) R.T.Clausen; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 64: 272 (1937)
= Botrychium multifidum var. robustum (Rupr. ex Milde) C.Chr.; Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl., Ser. 3, 5(1): 48 (1927)
= Botrychium robustum (Rupr. ex Milde) Underw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 30: 51 (1903)
= Botrychium rutifolium var. robustum Rupr. ex Milde; Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 26: 763 (1858 publ. 1859)
= Botrychium sutchuanense Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 2: 330 (1959)
= Botrychium ternatum f. robustum (Rupr.) Clute; Fern Bull. 13: 118 (1905)
= Botrychium ternatum subsp. robustum (Rupr.) Kom.; Fl. Kamtchatka 1: 77 (1927)
= Sceptridium multifidum subsp. robustum (Rupr.) R.T.Clausen; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 64(5): 272 (1937)
= Sceptridium multifidum var. robustum (Rupr. ex Milde) M.Nishida; J. Jap. Bot. 33: 201 (1958)
= Sceptridium robustum (Rupr. ex Milde) Y.X.Lin; Higher Pl. China 2: 77 (2008), isonym
species :
Sceptridium rugulosum (W.H.Wagner) Skoda & Holub; Preslia 68(4): 345 (1996 publ. 1997)
Name: Ternate Grape Fern, St. Lawrence Grape Fern
Distribution: Canada (New Brunswick, Ontario, Québec); USA (Connecticut, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Vermont, Wisconsin)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium multifidum f. dentatum R.M.Tryon; Amer. Fern J. 29: 6, pl. 1, fig. 2 (1939)
= Botrychium rugulosum Wagner; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 15: 315 (1982)
species :
Sceptridium schaffneri (Underw.) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40(6): 458 (1905)
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Colombia (Boyacá, Magdalena, Meta, Santander); Venezuela (Merida, Trujillo); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz); Argentina (Catamarca, Jujuy, Salta, Tucuman)
79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium pusillum Underw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 30: 50 (1903)
= Botrychium schaffneri Underw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 30: 51 (1903)
= Botrychium schaffneri var. pusillum (Underw.) R.T.Clausen; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 19(2): 42 (1938)
= Sceptridium pusillum (Underw.) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40(6): 458 (1905)
species :
Sceptridium subbifoliatum (Brack.) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40: 458 (1905)
Distribution: +Hawaii (+Kauai, +Oahu, +Molokai, +Lanai, +Maui, +Hawaii Isl.)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium subbifoliatum Brack.; U.S. Expl. Exped., Filic. 16: 317, t. 44, f. 2 (1854)
species :
Sceptridium ternatum (Thunb.) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40: 458 (1905)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Sakhalin); China (Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Zhejiang); North Korea; South Korea (incl. Cheju Isl.); Japan; Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, West Bengal); Vietnam
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO TAI 40 BHU IND NEP 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium ternatum (Thunb.) Sw.; J. Bot. [Schrader] 1800(2): 111 (1801)
= Osmunda ternata Thunb.; Syst. Veg., ed. 14 [J.A.Murray] 927 (1784)
= Sceptridium ternatum (Thunb.) Y.X.Lin; Higher Pl. China 2: 76 (2008), isonym
variant :
var. pseudoternatum Sahashi; J. Jap. Bot. 58: 241 (1983)
Distribution: Japan (Izu Isl.: Oshima)
38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium ternatum var. pseudoternatum (Sahashi) M.Kato; Fl. Jap. [Iwatsuki et al., eds.] 1: 27 (1995)
= Botrychium ×pseudoternatum (Sahashi) Nakaike; Checkl. Lycophytes Ferns Japan 3 (2013)
species :
Sceptridium triangularifolium Sahashi; J. Jap. Bot. 58(8): 240 (1983)
Distribution: Japan (Izu Isl.: Oshima)
38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium triangularifolium (Sahashi) M.Kato; Fl. Jap. [Iwatsuki et al., eds.] 1: 27 (1995)
species :
Sceptridium underwoodianum (Maxon) Lyon; Bot. Gaz. 40(6): 458 (1905)
Distribution: Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Costa Rica; Panama; Jamaica; Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic); Colombia (Magdalena, Santander); Venezuela (Aragua, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Tachira, Trujillo); Ecuador; Galapagos
80 COS ELS GUA HON PAN 81 HIS JAM 82 CLM VEN 83 ECU GAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium lunarioides var. daedaleum (Christ) Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 5(3): 248 (1905)
= Botrychium ternatum var. daedaleum Christ; Prim. Fl. Costaric. 3(1): 46 (1901)
= Botrychium underwoodianum Maxon; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 220, t. 6 (1905)
= Sceptridium ternatum var. underwoodianum (Maxon) Clute; Fern Bull. 14: 48 (1906)
species :
Sceptridium ×argutum Sahashi; J. Jap. Bot. 58(8): 244 (1983)
Distribution: Japan (Izu Isl.: Oshima)
38 JAP
Remarks: Sceptridium japonicum var. japonicum x triangularifolium
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium ×argutum (Sahashi) Nakaike; Checkl. Lycophytes Ferns Japan 2 (2013)
species :
Sceptridium ×elegans Sahashi; J. Jap. Bot. 58(8): 244 (1983)
Distribution: Japan (Izu Isl.: Oshima)
38 JAP
Remarks: Sceptridium japonicum var. japonicum x nipponicum var. nipponicum
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium ×elegans (Sahashi) Nakaike; Checkl. Lycophytes Ferns Japan 2 (2013)
species :
Sceptridium ×longistipitatum Sahashi; J. Jap. Bot. 54(8): 244 (1979)
Distribution: Japan (Izu Isl.: Oshima)
38 JAP
Remarks: Sceptridium atrovirens x ternatum
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium ×longistipitatum (Sahashi) Nakaike; Checkl. Lycophytes Ferns Japan 3 (2013)
species :
Sceptridium ×pulchrum Sahashi; J. Jap. Bot. 58(8): 246 (1983)
Distribution: Japan (Izu Isl.: Oshima)
38 JAP
Remarks: Sceptridium atrovirens x nipponicum var. nipponicum
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium ×pulchrum (Sahashi) Nakaike; Checkl. Lycophytes Ferns Japan 3 (2013)
species :
Sceptridium ×silvicola (Sahashi) comb.ined.
Distribution: Japan (Izu Isl.: Oshima)
38 JAP
Remarks: S. japonicum x atrovirens
Synonyms: hidden
= Botrychium japonicum var. silvicola (Sahashi) M.Kato; Fl. Jap. [Iwatsuki et al., eds.] 1: 26 (1995)
= Botrychium ×silvicola (Sahashi) Ebihara; Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B 41(1): 15 (2015)
= Sceptridium japonicum var. silvicola Sahashi; J. Jap. Bot. 58: 241 (1983)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life