509.0000 Family Acanthaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 102 (1789) (´Acanthi´), nom. cons.

ca. 192 genera, ca. 5500 spp. Phylogeny: Manzitto-Tripp et al. 2022

Species listed in database: 5485

509.4734 Genus Ruellia Plum. ex L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 634 (1753)

Distribution: tropics, mostly neotropics (56 in Mexico), 31 trop. Africa, some trop. Asia and Australia, few in temperate North America

Species listed in database: 389

= Alvarezia Pav. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 465 (1847)

= Aphragmia Nees; Lindl. Nat. Syst. ed. II. 444 (1836)

= Aporuellia C.B.Clarke ex King & Gamble; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 74(2): 649 (1908)

= Arrhostoxylum Mart. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 209 (1847) (Arrhostoxylon)

= Aubletia Neck.; Elem. 1: 356 (1790)

= Benoicanthus Heine & A.Raynal; Adansonia, sér. 2, 8: 190 (1968)

= Blechum P.Browne; Hist. Jamaica. 261 (1756)

= Copioglossa Miers; Proc. Roy. Hort Soc. 3: 294 (1863)

= Cryphiacanthus Nees; Del. Sem. Hort. Vrat. (1841)

= Cyrtacanthus Mart. ex Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 51 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus Nees; Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 3: 75 (1832)

= Dizygandra Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen.: 284 (1840)

= Endosiphon T.Anderson ex Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. 2: 1085 (1876)

= Eurychanes Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 52. t. 3 (1847)

= Eusiphon Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 144 (1939)

= Fabria E.Mey.; Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum. 185, nomen (1843)

= Gymnacanthus Nees; Lindl. Introd. Nat. Syst. ed. II. 444 (1836)

= Holtzendorffia Klotzsch & H.Karst. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 727 (1847)

= Larysacanthus Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 123 (1854)

= Lychniothyrsus Lindau; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 6: 192 (1914)

= Micraea Miers; Trav. Chili 2: 529 (1826)

= Neowedia Schrad.; Neuwied, Reise Bras. 2: 343 (1821)

= Nothoruellia Bremek. & Nann.-Bremek.; Verh. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch., Amst., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. Il. 45: No. 1, 23(1948)

= Ophthalmacanthus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 219 (1847)

= Pattersonia J.F.Gmel.; Syst. 925 (1791)

= Pentstemonacanthus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 159 (1847)

= Polylychnis Bremek.; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht, No. 47, 160 (1938)

= Pseudoruellia Benoist; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 109: 131 (1962)

= Salpingacanthus S.Moore; J. Bot. 42: 107 (1904)

= Sclerocalyx Nees; Benth. Bot. Voy. Sulph. 145 (1844)

= Scorodoxylum Nees; Benth. Pl. Hartw. [Bentham] 236. (1846)

= Siphonacanthus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 45. t. 1 (1847)

= Solaenacanthus Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 122 (1854)

= Spirostigma Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 83 (1847)

= Stachyacanthus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 65 (1847)

= Stemonacanthus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 53. tt. 4, 205 (1847)

= Stenoschista Bremek.; Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 73: 147 (1943)

= Stephanophysum Pohl; Pl. Bras. Ic. 2: 83. tt. 155, 156 (1831)

= Tacoanthus Baill.; Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris 2: 832 (1890)

= Tremacanthus S.Moore; J. Bot. 42: 33 (1904)

= Ulleria Bremek.; Proc. K. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch., Amst., Ser. C, 72: 423 (1969)

species :

Ruellia acutangula Nees ex Mart.; Flora 21(2): Beibl. 61 (1838)

Distribution: Jamaica [I]; NE-Brazil; SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro)

81 jam 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum acutangulum (Nees) Mart. ex Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 58 (1847)

= Arrhostoxylum acutangulum var. glabrescens Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 58 (1847)

= Arrhostoxylum acutangulum var. hirsutum Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 58 (1847)

species :

Ruellia adenocalyx Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 25: Beibl. 60: 46 (1898)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia adenostachya Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 25: Beibl. 60: 45 (1898)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia affinis (Schrad.) T.Anderson; J. Agri-Hort. Soc. Ind. N. S. 1: 269 (1868)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum affine (Schrad.) Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 59 (1847)

= Arrhostoxylum affine var. anomalum Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 59 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus affinis (Schrad.) Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 30 (1847)

= Neowedia affinis Schrad.; Goett. Gel. Anz. 1: 706 (1821)

= Ruellia affinis (Schrad.) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895), isonym

= Ruellia grandiflora Blanch. ex Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 30 (1847), nom. inval.

= Ruellia speciosa B.D.Jacks.; Index Kew. 1: 775 (1893), nom. superfl.

species :

Ruellia albopurpurea Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 139 (1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

variant :

var. sulfureoviolacea Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 139 (1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

variant :

var. tulearensis Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 139 (1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia alboviolacea Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier Ser. II. 4: 318 (1904)

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacan)

79 MEX

species :

Ruellia altoparadisiensis U.G.Fern., Kameyama & E.A.Tripp; Syst. Bot. 49(1): 2 (2024)

Distribution: Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia amabilis S.Moore; J. Bot. 18: 7 (1880)

Distribution: Ethiopia; Kenya; Tanzania

24 ETH 25 KEN TAN

species :

Ruellia amapensis Wassh.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 115(3): 697 (2002)

Distribution: French Guiana; N-Brazil (Amapa)

82 FRG 84 BRA

species :

Ruellia amarilla E.A.Tripp & Luján; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 119: 9 (2018)

Distribution: Venezuela

82 VEN

species :

Ruellia amoena Sessé & Moc.; Naturaleza (Mexico City), ser. 2, 1(App.): 100 (1889)

Distribution: SW-Mexico

79 MEX

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Ruellia amplexicaulis (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum amplexicaule Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 59 (1847)

species :

Ruellia anamariae A.S.Reis, A.Gil & Kameyama; Phytotaxa 327(3): 277 (2017)

Distribution: Brazil (Pará)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia anaticollis Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 138 (1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia angolensis I.Darbysh. & E.A.Tripp; Rheedea 33(4): 259, f. 3, 5a-k & 6 (2024)

Distribution: Angola

26 ANG

species :

Ruellia angustiflora (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso); SE-Brazil (Sao Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Amambay, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Canindeyu, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Misiones, Paraguari, San Pedro); Uruguay (Artigas, Rivera); Argentina (Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Misiones)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Stephanophysum angustiflorum Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 51 (1847)

species :

Ruellia angustifolia Sw.; Prodr. [O. P. Swartz] 93 (1788)

Distribution: Jamaica

81 JAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Blechum angustifolium (Sw.) R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 478 (1810)

species :

Ruellia angustior (Nees) Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 25(3, Beibl. 60): 46 (1898)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Stemonacanthus angustior Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 53 (1847)

= Stemonacanthus angustior var. microphyllus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 54 (1847)

species :

Ruellia ansericollis Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 138 (1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia anthracina Leonard; Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 56: 53 (1943)

Distribution: Panama

80 PAN

Conservation Status: IUCN V

species :

Ruellia antiquorum Wassh. & J.R.I.Wood; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 116(2): 269 (2003)

Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz)

83 BOL

species :

Ruellia aquatica Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 103 (1951)

Distribution: Colombia (Santander)

82 CLM

species :

Ruellia asperula (Mart. ex Ness) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: (1895) 311, non Benth. & Hook.f.

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas); WC-Brazil (Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Stephanophysum asperulum Mart. & Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 52 (1847)

= Stephanophysum asperulum var. hirsutulum Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 205 (1847)

= Stephanophysum asperulum var. majus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 205 (1847)

= Stephanophysum hirsutulum Mart. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 205 (1847)

species :

Ruellia aurantiaca Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 687 (1958)

Distribution: Colombia (Cundinamarca)

82 CLM

Conservation Status: Known only from type

species :

Ruellia bahiensis (Nees) Morong; Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 7: 192 (1893)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Ceara, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus bahiensis Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 39 (1847)

= Ruellia trivialis Blanch. ex Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 39 (1847)

species :

Ruellia baikiei (Hook.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Salomon; Handb. Höheren Pflanzencultur: 218 (1880)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Siphonacanthus repens Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 47 (1847)

= Siphonacanthus repens var. major Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 201 (1847)

= Stephanophysum baikiei Hook.; Bot. Mag. 85: t. 5111 (1859)

= Stephanophysum repens (Nees) T.Anderson; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 7: 25 (1863)

species :

Ruellia barbillana Cufod.; Archiv. Bot., Forli 10: 47 (1934)

Distribution: Costa Rica

80 COS

Conservation Status: IUCN I

species :

Ruellia baurii C.B.Clarke; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5: 13 (1901)

Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)

27 SAF

species :

Ruellia beckii Wassh. & J.R.I.Wood; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 116(2): 271 (2003)

Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz)

83 BOL

Conservation Status: Known only from type

species :

Ruellia beddomei C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 413 (1884)

Distribution: Nepal; India (Bihar, Central region, Odisha, Upper Gangetic Plains)

40 IND NEP

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus beddomei (C.B.Clarke) Santapau; Indian Forester 79: 322 (1953)

= Ruellia cernua T.Anderson; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 9: 260 (1867), nom. illeg.

species :

Ruellia bella Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1918: 366 (1918)

Distribution: Myanmar (Sagaing); +Thailand

41 MYA THA

Remarks: recently rediscovered in Myanmar (Naive & Hein 2020)

species :

Ruellia benedictina Chiov.; Atti Soc. Nat. Modena 61: 203 (1930)

Distribution: Ethiopia

24 ETH

species :

Ruellia beniana J.R.I.Wood; Kew Bull. 67(2): [3] (2012)

Distribution: Bolivia (Beni)

83 BOL

Conservation Status: Known only from type

species :

Ruellia beyrichiana (Nees) S.Moore; J. Bot. 34 (1904)

Distribution: N-Brazil (Amapa, Pará); NE-Brazil (Ceara)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus beyrichianus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 33 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus beyrichianus var. angustior Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 34 (1847)

species :

Ruellia bignoniiflora S.Moore; J. Bot. 18: 198 (1880)

Distribution: South Sudan; S-Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia

24 ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 NAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus bignoniiflorus (S.Moore) Bremek.; Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 73: 149 (1943)

= Dischistocalyx bignoniiflorus (S.Moore) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 307 (1895)

= Ruellia cygniflora Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 186 (1902) ex Engl., Sitz. Preuss. Akad. Wiss., 730 (1906)

= Ruellia megachlamys S.Moore; J. Bot. 32: 134 (1894)

species :

Ruellia biolleyi Lindau; Anal. Inst. Fis. Geog. Costa Rica 8: 301 (1900)

Distribution: Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Chocó)

80 COS NIC PAN 82 CLM

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia cooperi Leonard; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 18: 1251 (1938)

= Ruellia longissima D.N.Gibson; Fieldiana, Bot. 34(6): 79 (1972)

= Ruellia longissima var. glabra D.N.Gibson; Fieldiana, Bot. 34(6): 80 (1972)

species :

Ruellia blanchetiana (Moric.) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus blanchetianus Moric.; Pl. Nouv. Am. 163 (1847)

species :

Ruellia blechioides Sw.; Prodr. [O. P. Swartz] 93 (1788)

Distribution: Cuba; Jamaica

81 CUB JAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Blechum blechioides (Sw.) Hitchc.; Missouri Bot. Gard. Rep. 4: 115 (1893)

= Blechum erectum Sm.; Cycl. 39 (1819), nom. illeg.

= Blechum killipii Leonard; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 32: 184 (1942)

= Blechum laxiflorum Juss.; Ann. Mus. Par. 9: 270 (1807)

= Dipteracanthus jamaicensis Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 140 (1847)

species :

Ruellia blechum L.; Syst. ed. X. 1120 (1759)

Name: Campeche mallow (Haiti), Genou casse, Herbesavane, Rock balsam (Lesser Antilles), Yerba de papagayo (Puerto Rico), Penguin Balsam (Virgin Isl.)

Distribution: Taiwan [I]; Philippines [I]; Lesser Sunda Isl. [I]; New Guinea [I]; Solomon Isl. [I]; Rotuma Isl. [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Fiji [I]; [Western] Samoa [I] (´Upolu [I], Savai´i [I]); American Samoa [I] (Tutuila [I], Ta´u [I]); N-Line Isl. [I] (Palmyra Atoll [I]); Palau [I] (Koror [I], Angaur [I]); Northern Marianas [I] (Asuncion [I], Agrihan [I], Alamagan [I], Guguan [I], Sarigan [I], Anatahan [I], Saipan [I], Tinian [I], Rota [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Yap [I], Ulithi [I], Fais [I], Faraulep [I], Satawal [I], Namonuito [I], Murilo [I], Nomwin [I], Truk [I], Moen [I], Dublon [I], Piis [I], Nama [I], Lukunor [I], Satawan [I], Kapingamarangi [I], Pohnpei [I], Kosrae [I]); Marshall Isl. [I] (Jaluit [I]); Hawaii [I] (Oahu [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); USA [I] (Florida [I], Louisiana [I]); Mexico (Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Bahamas; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (Guana, St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola, Virgin Gorda); Anguilla; St. Martin/St. Maarten; St. Barthélémy; Saba; St. Eustatius; St. Kitts; Antigua; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; St. Vincent; Grenada; Barbados; Tobago; Trinidad; Colombia (Antioquia, Atlántico, Bolívar, Cauca, Chocó, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, Huila, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Valle); Venezuela (Amazonas, Apure, Aragua, Barinas, Bolívar, Carabobo, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Guarico, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Portuguesa, Tachira, Trujillo, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Galapagos; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz)

38 tai 42 lsi nwg phi 43 sol 60 asa fij rot sam van 61 lin 62 gum mic mrn mrs plu 63 haw 78 usa 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 ABA AGU BAH BBD CUB DOM GDL GRE HIS JAM MAR MTS PUE SAB SBA STE STK STL STM STV TRT VIR 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU GAL PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Alvarezia parviflora Pav. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 466 (1847)

= Barleria pyramidalis Lam. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 243 (1847), nom. inval.

= Barleria pyramidata Lam.; Encycl. 1: 380 (1785)

= Blechum blechum (L.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 100 (1900), nom. inval.

= Blechum brownei f. albiflora Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 483 (1891)

= Blechum brownei f. coeruleum Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 483 (1891)

= Blechum brownei f. puberulum Leonard; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 32: 184 (1942)

= Blechum brownei Juss.; Ann. Mus. Par. 9: 270 (1807), nom. illeg.

= Blechum brownei Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H. B. K.] 2: 238 (1818), nom. illeg.

= Blechum brownei var. laxum Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 466 (1847)

= Blechum brownei var. subcordatum Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 483 (1891)

= Blechum haenkei Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 467 (1847)

= Blechum linnaei Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 465 (1847)

= Blechum linnaei var. laxum Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 466 (1847)

= Blechum linnaei var. nanum Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 466 (1847)

= Blechum linnaei var. parviflorum Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 466 (1847)

= Blechum luzonium Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 466 (1847)

= Blechum pyramidatum (Lam.) Urb.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 15: 323 (1918)

= Blechum trinitense Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 466 (1847)

= Dianthera eustachiana Hook. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 466 (1847), nom. inval.

= Justicia carthagenensis Willd. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 466 (1847), nom. inval.

= Justicia carthaginensis Nees & Mart.; Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 11: 56 (1823), nom. illeg.

= Justicia lupulina Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1(1.1): 40 (1791) ex Steud., Nomencl. Bot. [Steud.] 111 (1821), in syn.

= Justicia martinicensis Sieber ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 466 (1847)

= Ruellia bracteata Vahl ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 466 (1847), nom. inval.

= Ruellia gairae Rohr ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 466 (1847), nom. inval.

= Ruellia parviflora Sessé & Moc.; Fl. Mexic., ed. 2: 147 (1894), nom. illeg.

= Ruellia rohrii Vahl ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 466 (1847), nom. inval.

= Ruellia uliginosa Blanco; Fl. Filip.: 494 (1837), nom. illeg.

species :

Ruellia blumei Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 480 (1841)

Distribution: Java

42 JAW

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia tetragona Blume; Catalogus: 85 (1823), nom. illeg.

species :

Ruellia bolivarensis Wassh.; Novon 2(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Venezuela (Bolívar)

82 VEN

species :

Ruellia boliviana Govaerts; Skvortsovia 4(3): 82 (2018), nom. nov.

Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz)

83 BOL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia pearcei Rusby; Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 4: 429 (1907), nom. illeg.

species :

Ruellia boranica Ensermu; Kew Bull. 54(2): 453 (1999)

Distribution: Ethiopia

24 ETH

species :

Ruellia borneensis (S.Moore) E.A.Tripp & I.Darbysh.; Syst. Bot. 42(3): 479 (2017)

Distribution: Borneo

42 BOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Aporuellia borneensis S.Moore; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 42: 119 (1914)

species :

Ruellia bourgaei Hemsl.; Diagn. Pl. Nov. 35 (1879)

Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Cryphiacanthus dipteracanthus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 199 (1847)

= Ruellia dipteracanthus (Nees) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr. Am. Bot. 2: 504 (1882)

species :

Ruellia brachysiphon (Nees) Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. Pl. [Benth. & Hook.f.] 2(2): 1078 (1876)

Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Caaguazu, Canindeyu); Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones)

83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus brachysiphon Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 34 (1847)

species :

Ruellia bracteata R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 479 (1810)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Australia (Northern Territory)

42 NWG 50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus bracteata (R.Br.) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 143 (1847)

species :

Ruellia brandbergensis Kers; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 64: 170 (1970)

Distribution: Namibia

27 NAM

species :

Ruellia breedlovei T.F.Daniel; Contrib. Univ. Mich. Herb. 17: 145 (1990)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas)

79 MEX

species :

Ruellia brevicaulis (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 310 (1895)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Sao Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Amambay, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Canindeyu, Cordillera, Misiones); Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus brevicaulis Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 35 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus dissitifolius var. humilior Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 33 (1847)

species :

Ruellia brevifolia (Pohl) C.Ezcurra; Darwiniana 29(1-4): 278 (1989)

Distribution: São Tomé [I]; Zambia [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Pakistan [I]; peninsular Malaysia [I] (Penang Isl. [I]); Java [I]; Australia [I] (Queensland [I]); Fiji [I]; Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Molokai [I], E-Maui [I], Lanai [I]); Guadeloupe [I]; Ecuador; Bolivia (Beni, Chuquisaca, La Paz, Pando, Santa Cruz, Tarija); N-Brazil (Amazonas, Acre, Rondônia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Caazapa, Canindeyu, San Pedro); Argentina (Entre Rios, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Santa Fe, Tucuman)

23 sao 26 zam zim 29 mau reu 40 pak 42 jaw mly 50 aus 60 fij 63 haw 81 gdl 83 BOL ECU 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Cyrtacanthus corymbosus Mart. ex Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 51 (1847), nom. inval.

= Echinacanthus dichotomus Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 489 (1891)

= Ruellia amoena Nees ex Backer; Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg 2(Suppl. 3): 412 (1909), nom. illeg.

= Ruellia graecizans Backer; Brittonia 3: 85 (1938)

= Ruellia longifolia (Pohl) Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 260 (1879), nom. illeg.

= Ruellia serratitheca Rusby; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 7: 362 (1927)

= Ruellia ventricosa Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H. B. K.] 2: 241 (1818), nom. illeg.

= Stephanophysum brevifolium Pohl; Pl. Bras. Ic. 2: 84. t. 155 (1831)

= Stephanophysum longifolium Pohl; Pl. Bras. Ic. 2: 85. t. 156 (1831)

= Stephanophysum longifolium var. microphyllum Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 51 (1847)

= Stephanophysum macrandrum Bremek.; Proc. K. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch., Amst., Ser. C, 72: 425 (1969)

= Stephanophysum ventricosum (Kunth) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 203 (1847)

species :

Ruellia bulbifera Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

Distribution: Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Santa Cruz); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Misiones, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes, San Pedro); Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones)

83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus tuberosus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 42 (1847)

= Ruellia humilis Pohl ex Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 40, non Nutt. (1847)

= Ruellia loefgrenii Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 5: 654 (1897)

species :

Ruellia burttii Vollesen; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Acanth. (Part 1) 209 (2008)

Distribution: Tanzania

25 TAN

species :

Ruellia californica (Rose) I.M.Johnst.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. ser. 4, 12: 1171 (1924)

subspecies :

subsp. californica

Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Sonora)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Calophanes californica Rose; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 1: 85 (1890)

subspecies :

subsp. peninsularis (Rose) T.F.Daniel; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 49(10): 384 (1997)

Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Calophanes peninsularis Vasey & Rose; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 1: 75 (1890)

= Ruellia peninsularis (Vasey & Rose) I.M.Johnst.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, 12: 1172 (1924)

species :

Ruellia calimensis Wassh.; Rev. Acad. Colombia,. Cienc. Exact. Fis. Nat. 65: 249 (1989)

Distribution: Colombia (Valle)

82 CLM

Conservation Status: Known only from type

species :

Ruellia capotyra Braz & I.H.F.Azevedo; Syst. Bot. 45(2): 335 (2020)

Distribution: Brazil (Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia capuronii Benoist; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 109: 129 (1962), nom. nov.

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia prostrata var. rivularis Benoist; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 12: 5 (1945)

= Ruellia rivularis (Benoist) Boivin ex Benoist; Fl. Madagasc. 182: 71 (1967), nom. illeg.

species :

Ruellia caracasana (Klotzsch & H.Karst. ex Nees) V.M.Badillo; Pittier & al., Cat. Fl. Venez. 2: (3rd Conf. Interamer. Agric. Caracas) 414 (1947)

Distribution: Venezuela

82 VEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Holtzendorffia caracasana Klotzsch & H.Karst. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 728 (1847)

species :

Ruellia carmenaemiliae Llamozas; Acta Bot. Venez. 24(2): 75 (2001)

Distribution: Venezuela (Carabobo, Yaracuy)

82 VEN

species :

Ruellia carnea Balf.f.; Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 12: 85 (1884)

Distribution: Ethiopia; Somalia; Soqotra; Yemen (SE-Yemen: coastal Hadhramaut)

24 ETH SOC SOM 35 YEM

Conservation Status: IUCN I

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia carnea var. cinerea Chiov.; Fl. Somala 1: 248 (1929)

species :

Ruellia caroliniensis (J.F.Gmel.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 481 (1840)

subspecies :

subsp. caroliniensis

Name: Carolina wild petunia

Distribution: USA (Alabama, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia)

74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus ciliosus var. hybridus (Pursh) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 123 (1847)

= Hygrophila oblongifolia Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 66 (1836)

= Hygrophila oblongifolia var. laxior Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 22 (1847)

= Pattersonia caroliniensis J.F.Gmel.; Syst. 925 (1791)

= Ruellia caroliniensis f. breviberbis Fernald; Rhodora 47: 78 (1945)

= Ruellia caroliniensis f. candida Fernald; Rhodora 47: 182 (1945)

= Ruellia caroliniensis f. detonsa Fernald; Rhodora 47: 74 (1945)

= Ruellia caroliniensis f. eciliata Fernald; Rhodora 47: 79 (1945)

= Ruellia caroliniensis f. hypopsila Fernald; Rhodora 47: 78 (1945)

= Ruellia caroliniensis f. laevior Fernald; Rhodora 47: 79 (1945)

= Ruellia caroliniensis var. cheloniformis Fernald; Rhodora 47: 80, tab. 871, 872 (1945)

= Ruellia caroliniensis var. membranacea Fernald; Rhodora 47: 75, tab. 865, 866 (1945)

= Ruellia caroliniensis var. nanella Fernald; Rhodora 47: 79, tab. 869, 870, fig 1 (1945)

= Ruellia caroliniensis var. salicina Fernald; Rhodora 47: 81, tab. 873 (1945)

= Ruellia caroliniensis var. semicalva Fernald; Rhodora 47: 73, tab. 864 (1945)

= Ruellia caroliniensis var. serrulata Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 84 (1949)

= Ruellia ciliosa var. hybrida (Pursh) A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 326 (1878)

= Ruellia hirsuta Elliott; Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 2: 109 (1822)

= Ruellia hybrida Pursh; Fl. Am. Sept. 2: 420 (1813)

variant :

var. succulenta (Small) R.W.Long; J. Arnold Arbor. 51: 288 (1970)

Distribution: USA (Florida)

78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia succulenta Small; Bull. N. York Bot. Gard. 3: 437 (1905)

subspecies :

subsp. ciliosa (Pursh) R.W.Long; J. Arnold Arbor. 51: 288 (1970)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas)

77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus ciliosus (Pursh) Nees; Linnaea 16: 294 (1842)

= Dipteracanthus ciliosus f. dentatus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 123 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus drummondii Torr. & A.Gray; Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 258 (1845)

= Dipteracanthus mitchillianus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 123 (1847)

= Ruellia ciliosa Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 420 (1813)

= Ruellia ciliosa var. ambigua A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 326 (1878)

= Ruellia oblongifolia Raf. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 123 (1847), nom. inval.

= Ruellia tomentosa F.Dietr.; Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 7: 308 (1821), nom. superfl.

variant :

var. cinerascens (Fernald) Kartesz & Gandhi; Phytologia 71(2): 88 (1991)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas)

77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia ciliosa var. cinerascens Fernald; Rhodora 47: 48 (1945)

variant :

var. heteromorpha (Fernald) R.W.Long; J. Arnold Arbor. 51: 288 (1970)

Distribution: USA (Florida)

78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia heteromorpha Fernald; Rhodora 47: 32 (1945)

species :

Ruellia cataractae U.G.Fern., Kameyama & E.A.Tripp; Syst. Bot. 49(1): 5 (2024)

Distribution: Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia caucensis Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 84 (1951)

Distribution: Colombia (Cauca)

82 CLM

species :

Ruellia cearensis Lindau; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 6: 195 (1914)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia ceciliae U.G.Fern. & Kameyama; Syst. Bot. 49(1): 6 (2024)

Distribution: Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia cedilloi Ramamoorthy; Pl. Syst. Evol., 180(3-4): 222 (1992)

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca, Puebla)

79 MEX

species :

Ruellia chamaedrys (Nees) Angely; Fl. Analit. Fitogeogr. Sao Paulo 5: 922 (1970 publ. 1971)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus chamaedrys Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 31 (1847)

species :

Ruellia chapadensis U.G.Fern., Kameyama & E.A.Tripp; Syst. Bot. 49(1): 10 (2024)

Distribution: Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia chariessa Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 74 (1951)

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Chocó)

82 CLM

species :

Ruellia chartacea (T.Anderson) Wassh.; Op. Bot. 92: 265 (1987)

Distribution: Puerto Rico [I]; Colombia (Amazonas, Cauca, Putumayo); Ecuador; Peru

81 pue 82 CLM 83 ECU PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Aphelandra chartacea T.Anderson; J. Bot. 2: 289 (1864)

= Ruellia colorata Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 2: 853 (1890), nom. illeg.

species :

Ruellia chichesterensis (Trudgen & P.-L.de Kock) comb.ined.

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus chichesterensis Trudgen & P.-L.de Kock; Nuytsia 25: 165 (2015)

species :

Ruellia ciconiicollis Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 137 (1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia ciliata Hornem.; Enum. Pl. Hort. Hafn. 53 (1807)

Distribution: India (Uttarakhand); Myanmar (Bago)

40 IND 41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus ciliatus (Hornem.) Nees; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 7151 (1832)

= Larysacanthus ciliatus Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 123 (1854)

species :

Ruellia ciliatiflora Hook.; Bot. Mag. t. 3718 (1839)

Name: Violet wild petunia; Triquitraque (Cuba), Fleur petard (Haiti)

Distribution: USA (Arizona, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; ?Panama; Cuba; Dominican Republic; Haiti; Curacao; Colombia (Bolívar, Cundinamarca, Magdalena, Tolima, Valle, Chocó); Venezuela (Venezuela Distrito Federal); Peru; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Santa Cruz, Tarija); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Amambay, Canindeyu, Concepcion, Pres. Hayes); Argentina (Catamarca, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Formosa, Jujuy, La Rioja, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Tucuman)

76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC 81 CUB CUR HIS 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Remarks: Inclusion of R. nudiflora fide Daniel (2013)

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum ciliatiflorum (Hook.) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 216 (1847)

= Cryphiacanthus tubiflorus Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 129 (1854) non Ruellia tubiflora Kunth 1817

= Cryphiacanthus viscosus Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 128 (1854) non Ruellia viscosa Kunth 1817

= Dipteracanthus nudiflorus Engelm. & A.Gray; Bost. J. Nat. Hist. 5: 229 (1845)

= Ruellia congesta (Leonard) Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 8 (1949)

= Ruellia glabrata (Leonard) Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 13 (1949), nom. illeg.

= Ruellia glabrata var. shrevei Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 17 (1949)

= Ruellia gooddingiana A.Nelson; Am. J. Bot. 18: 437 (1931)

= Ruellia insularis (Leonard) Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 4 (1949), in adnot.

= Ruellia lorentziana Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 259 (1879)

= Ruellia nudiflora (Engelm. & A.Gray) Urb.; Symb. Antill. 7: 382 (1912)

= Ruellia nudiflora var. congesta Leonard; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17: 518 (1927)

= Ruellia nudiflora var. glabrata Leonard; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17: 518 (1927)

= Ruellia nudiflora var. grandiflora Leonard; J. Washington Acad. Sci. 17: 516 (1927)

= Ruellia nudiflora var. hispidula Shinners; Field & Lab. 21: 165 (1953)

= Ruellia nudiflora var. insularis Leonard; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17: 519 (1927)

= Ruellia nudiflora var. mirandae Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 49 (1949)

= Ruellia nudiflora var. occidentalis (A.Gray) Leonard; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17: 516 (1927)

= Ruellia nudiflora var. runyonii (Tharp & F.A.Barkley) B.L.Turner; Phytologia 71: 291 (1991)

= Ruellia nudiflora var. yucatana Leonard; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17: 518 (1927)

= Ruellia occidentalis (A.Gray) Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 25 (1949)

= Ruellia occidentalis var. ferrisae Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 31 (1949)

= Ruellia occidentalis var. lundelliorum Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 29 (1949)

= Ruellia occidentalis var. wrightii Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 31 (1949)

= Ruellia runyonii Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 52 (1949)

= Ruellia runyonii var. berlandieri Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 56, fig. 24 (1949)

= Ruellia strictopaniculata Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 33 (1949)

= Ruellia tuberosa var. occidentalis A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 325 (1878)

= Ruellia yucatana (Leonard) Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 56 (1949)

species :

Ruellia coccinea (L.) Vahl; Symb. Bot. 3: 83 (1794)

Name: Yerba maravilla (Puerto Rico)

Distribution: Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola, Virgin Gorda); Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique

81 DOM GDL HIS MAR PUE VIR

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum coccineum (L.) Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 63 (1847)

= Barleria coccinea L.; Sp. Pl. 637 (1753)

= Erythracanthus coccineus (L.) C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 3: 97 (1845)

= Stemonacanthus coccineus (L.) Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 452 (1862)

species :

Ruellia colombiana Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 102 (1951)

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Chocó, Córdoba, Valle)

82 CLM

species :

Ruellia colonensis Wassh.; Phytologia 33(1): 59 (1976)

Distribution: Panama

80 PAN

Conservation Status: IUCN E

species :

Ruellia comonduensis T.F.Daniel; Brittonia 51(2): 124 (1999), nom. nov.

Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia cordata Brandegee; Zoe 5: 173 (1903)

species :

Ruellia congoensis Benoist; Lecomte, Not. Syst. 3: 218 (1916)

Distribution: Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic

23 CAF CON

species :

Ruellia conzattii Standl.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 37: 47 (1924)

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

79 MEX

species :

Ruellia cordata Thunb.; Prod. Pl. Cap. 104 (1800)

Distribution: Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]

26 MOZ ZIM 27 SAF SWZ

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus cordifolius Nees; Linnaea 15: 354 (1841)

= Ruellia ciliaris Pers.; Syn. 2: 176 (1806)

= Ruellia ovata Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap. 2: 104 (1800), nom. illeg.

= Ruellia thunbergii F.Dietr.; Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 7: 308 (1821), nom. superfl.

species :

Ruellia corynotheca F.Muell. ex Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 4: 546 (1868)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Queensland)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus australasicus subsp. corynothecus (Benth.) R.Barker; J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 9: 89 (1986)

= Dipteracanthus corynothecus (F.Muell. ex Benth.) Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 11: 195 (1962)

= Dipteracanthus corynothecus var. grandiflorus Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 11: 197 (1962)

species :

Ruellia corzoi Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 49 (1949)

Name: Corzo´s wild petunia

Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas)

77 USA 79 MEX

species :

Ruellia costaricensis (Oerst.) E.A.Tripp & McDade; Brittonia 59(3): 209 (2007)

Distribution: Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama

80 COS NIC PAN

Synonyms: hidden

= Blechum costaricense Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 168 (1854)

species :

Ruellia costata (Nees) Hiern; Kioeb. Vidensk. Meddel. 1877 76 (1878)

Distribution: Java [I]; Jamaica [I]; WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal)

42 jaw 81 jam 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum costatum Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 61 (1847)

= Arrhostoxylum costatum var. latifolium Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 61 (1847)

= Arrhostoxylum costatum var. salicifolium (Pohl) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 214 (1847)

= Ruellia acuminata Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 452 (1862)

= Ruellia costata (Nees) Lindau; Urb. Symb. Antill. 2: 195 (1900), isonym

= Zahlbrucknera salicifolia Pohl ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 214 (1847)

species :

Ruellia cuatrecasasii Wassh.; Rev. Acad. Colombia,. Cienc. Exact. Fis. Nat. 65: 251 (1989)

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia)

82 CLM

species :

Ruellia currorii T.Anderson; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 7: 24 (1864)

Distribution: Angola; Namibia

26 ANG 27 NAM

species :

Ruellia curupira E.C.O.Chagas & Costa-Lima; Neodiversity 13(1): 40 (2020)

Distribution: Brazil (Alagoas, Bahia)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia curviflora Nees & Mart.; Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 11: 50 (1823)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum curviflorum Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 62 (1847)

= Arrhostoxylum curviflorum var. grandifolium Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 216 (1847)

species :

Ruellia cuyabensis Wassh.; Fl. Ecuador 89: 248 (2013)

Distribution: Ecuador

83 ECU

species :

Ruellia cyanea Bojer ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 121 (1847)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus cyaneus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 121 (1847)

species :

Ruellia davisiorum Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 35 (1949)

Name: Rio Grande wild petunia

Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas)

77 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: possibly to be included in R. ciliatiflora

species :

Ruellia decaryi Benoist; Notul. Syst., ed. Humbert 10: 248 (1942)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia decipiens Nees; Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 3: 83 (1832)

Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)

42 PHI

Remarks: provisionally accepted name, insufficiently known

Synonyms: hidden

= Hemigraphis decipiens (Nees) Fern.-Vill.; Blanco, Fl. Filip. ed. 3. 4(13A): 153 (1880)

species :

Ruellia delascioi Wassh.; Novon 2(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas)

82 VEN

species :

Ruellia densa (Nees) Hiern; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1877 74 (1878)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Siphonacanthus densus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 45. t. 47 (1847)

species :

Ruellia densiflora Hemsl.; Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 2: 504 (1882)

Distribution: Panama

80 PAN

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus tubiflorus Seem.; Bot. Voy. Herald: 178 (1854), nom. illeg.

species :

Ruellia dequairei Benoist; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 109: 129 (1962)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia detonsa Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 138 (1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia devosiana Jacob-Makoy ex É.Morren; Belg. Hortic. 27: 344. t. 19 (1877)

Distribution: Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I]); Brazil (Pernambuco)

63 haw 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus devosianus (Jacob-Makoy ex É.Morren) Boom; Succulenta (Netherlands) 46: 108 (1967)

species :

Ruellia dielsii Mildbr.; Biblioth. Bot. 29: Heft 116, 147 (1937)

Distribution: Ecuador

83 ECU

species :

Ruellia dioscoridis Napper; Hook. Icon. Pl. 7(4): t. 3690, p. 1 (1971)

Distribution: Samha Isl.; Soqotra

24 SOC

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia patula var. minor Balf.f.; Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 12: 407 (1884)

species :

Ruellia discifolia Oliv.; Hook., Ic. Pl. 16: t. 1511 (1886)

Distribution: Ethiopia; Somalia; ?Kenya; Saudi Arabia; Oman (Dhofar); Yemen

24 ETH SOM 35 OMA SAU YEM

Synonyms: hidden

= Barleria tischeriana Chiov.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 36: 367 (1929)

= Ruellia chiovendae Fiori; Res. Sci. Somalia Ital. 1: 136 (1916)

species :

Ruellia discolor Lecchi ex Colla; Hortus Ripul., App. 2: 356 (1826)

Distribution: Mexico (México State, Guerrero)

79 MEX

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

Synonyms: hidden

= Hemigraphis discolor Boerl.; Handl. Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 658 (1899)

species :

Ruellia dissidens Benoist; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 85: 680 (1938 publ. 1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

variant :

var. lanceolata Benoist; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 85: 680 (1938 publ. 1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

variant :

var. subglabra Benoist; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 85: 680 (1938 publ. 1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

variant :

var. angustifolia Benoist; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 85: 681 (1938 publ. 1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

variant :

var. sarmentosa Benoist; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 85: 681 (1938 publ. 1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia dissimilis J.B.Imlay; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1939: 112 (1939)

Distribution: Thailand

41 THA

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Ruellia dissitifolia (Nees) Hiern; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1877 73 (1878)

Distribution: N-Brazil (Tocantins); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Sao Paulo)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus dissitifolius Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 33 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus dissitifolius var. nanus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 33 (1847)

species :

Ruellia dissoluta Lindau; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 552 (1915)

Distribution: Sulawesi

42 SUL

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Ruellia dolichosiphon Wassh. & J.R.I.Wood; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 116(2): 273 (2003)

Distribution: Bolivia (Pando)

83 BOL

Conservation Status: Known only from type

species :

Ruellia domatiata I.Darbysh. & E.A.Tripp; Kew Bull. 72(13): 1-6 (2017)

Distribution: N-Madagascar (Antsiranana)

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia domingensis Spreng. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 136 (1847)

Name: Todo el ano (Dominican Republic)

Distribution: Cuba; Dominican Republic; Haiti

81 CUB HIS

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus domingensis Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 135 (1847)

species :

Ruellia donnell-smithii Leonard; J. Eash. Acad. Sci. 31: 97 (1941)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacan, Oaxaca, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi); Guatemala; El Salvador

79 MEX 80 ELS GUA

species :

Ruellia drummondiana (Nees) A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Am. 2: I. 326 (1878)

Name: Drummond´s wild petunia

Distribution: USA (Texas)

77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus drummondianus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 123 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus lindheimerianus Scheele; Linnaea 21: 764 (1848)

species :

Ruellia drushelii Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 41 (1949)

Name: Drushel´s wild petunia

Distribution: USA (Texas)

77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Cryphiacanthus barbadensis var. humilis Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 198 (1847)

= Ruellia nudiflora var. humilis (Nees) Leonard; J. Washington Acad. Sci. 17: 517 (1927)

variant :

var. macrocarpa Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 42, fig. 19 (1949)

Distribution: USA (Texas)

77 USA

species :

Ruellia edwardsae Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 12 (1949)

Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Coahuila)

77 USA 79 MEX

species :

Ruellia elegans Poir.; Encyc. Suppl. 4: 727 (1816)

Distribution: Zimbabwe [I]; Jamaica [I]; Martinique [I]; Barbados [I]; SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná)

26 zim 81 bbd jam mar 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum elegans (Poir.) Bremek. & Nann.-Bremek.; Verh. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch., Amst., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 45: No. 1, 12 (1948)

= Arrhostoxylum formosum (Andrews) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 215 (1847)

= Arrhostoxylum roseum Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 61 (1847)

= Arrhostoxylum silvaccola var. montanum Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 60 (1847)

= Asystasia formosa T.Anderson; J. Agric. Soc. India, n. s. 1: 270 (1868)

= Ruellia formosa Andrews; Bot. Repos. 10: t. 610 (1810), nom. illeg.

= Ruellia rosea W.Bull; Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 143: 8 (1878), nom. illeg.

= Ruellia speciosa Mart. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 215 (1847), nom. inval.

= Ruellia superba D.Dietr.; Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 17: 307 (1821)

= Stemonacanthus formosus (Andrews) T.Anderson; J. Agri-Hort. Soc. Ind. N. S. 1: 270 (1868)

species :

Ruellia epallocaulos Leonard ex C.Ezcurra & Wassh.; Brittonia 44(1): 69 (1992)

Distribution: S-Brazil (Paraná); Paraguay (Alto Paraná); Argentina (Misiones)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

species :

Ruellia eriocalyx Glaz. ex T.F.Daniel, E.A.Tripp & C.Ezcurra; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 67(17): 396 (2023)

Distribution: Brazil (Brasília Distrito Federal, Goiás)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia erythropus (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca, Queretaro, Veracruz, Yucatan); Venezuela (Lara); Bolivia (Beni, Chuquisaca, Santa Cruz, Tarija); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Canindeyu, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Itapua, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes, San Pedro); Argentina (Catamarca, Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Santa Fe, Tucuman)

79 MEX 82 VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Blechum mexicanum Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 169 (1854)

= Blechum tweediei Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 466 (1847)

= Pentstemonacanthus modestus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 159 (1847)

= Ruellia mattogrossensis Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 362 (1895)

= Ruellia modesta Mart. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 465 (1847), pro syn.

= Ruellia pubiflora Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 259 (1879)

= Ruellia tweediei (Nees) T.Anderson ex Morong & Britton; Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 7: 192 (1893)

= Ruellia velascana Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 363 (1895)

= Siphonacanthus erythropus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 45. t. 47 (1847)

species :

Ruellia eumorphantha Lindau; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 38 (1898)

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Oaxaca)

79 MEX

species :

Ruellia eurycodon Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 25: Beibl. 60: 47 (1898)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Stephanophysum flavum Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 51 (1847)

species :

Ruellia exilis McDade & E.A.Tripp; Brittonia 59(3): 202 (2007)

Distribution: Costa Rica

80 COS

species :

Ruellia exostemma Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 5: 654 (1897)

Distribution: Venezuela (Aragua, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Yaracuy)

82 VEN

species :

Ruellia exserta Wassh. & J.R.I.Wood; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 116(2): 271 (2003)

Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará, Rondônia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia fiherenensis Benoist; Notul. Syst., ed. Humbert 10: 250 (1942)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia filicalyx Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 362 (1895)

Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay); Argentina (Formosa, Jujuy, Salta)

83 BOL 85 ARG PAR

species :

Ruellia fiorii Chiov.; Ann. Bot., Roma 10: 400 (1912)

Distribution: Ethiopia; Eritrea

24 ERI ETH

species :

Ruellia floribunda Hook.; Bot. Misc. 2: 236 (1831)

Distribution: Ecuador; Galapagos; Peru

83 ECU GAL PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Aphragmia floribunda (Hook.) Bremek. & Nann.-Bremek.; Verh. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch., Amst., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 45: No. 1, 10 (1948), in adnot.

= Aphragmia rotundifolia Nees ex Benth.; Bot. Voy. Sulph. 146 (1844)

= Dipteracanthus floribundus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 141 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus viscidus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 141 (1847)

species :

Ruellia foetida Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.; Enum. Pl. [Willd.] 2: 656 (1809)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus foetidus (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Nees; Benth., Bot. Voy. Sulphur: 146 (1846)

= Dipteracanthus rubicaulis Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 116 (1847)

= Ruellia albiflora Fernald; Proc. Amer. Acad. 33: 92 (1897)

= Ruellia pulchella Schott ex Steud.; Nom. ed. II 2: 482 (1841)

= Ruellia rubicaulis Cav.; Ic. 5: 10 (1799)

species :

Ruellia foliosepala T.F.Daniel; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. ser. 4, 59(2): 109 (2008)

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Michoacan)

79 MEX

species :

Ruellia forsskolii Thulin; Symb. Bot. Upsal. 38: 142 (2016), nom. nov.

Distribution: Saudi Arabia (Asir); Yemen (Tihama, W-Yemen)

35 SAU YEM

Synonyms: hidden

= Camellia grandiflora Forssk.; Fl. Aeg.-Arab. 126 (1775)

= Dipteracanthus longiflorus (Vahl) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 117 (1847)

= Ruellia grandiflora (Forssk.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. 2: 175 (1806), nom. illeg.

= Ruellia longiflora Vahl; Symb. Bot. 1: 45 (1790), nom. superfl.

= Solaenacanthus longiflorus (Vahl) Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 122 (1854)

species :

Ruellia fruticosa Sessé & Moc. ex DC.; Calques Fl. Mexique 2: 1070 (1874)

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Mexico State, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia cupheoides Fernald; Proc. Amer. Acad. 36: 502 (1901)

species :

Ruellia fulgens (Bremek.) E.A.Tripp; Syst. Bot. 32(3): 644 (2007)

Distribution: Surinam; French Guiana

82 FRG SUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polylychnis fulgens Bremek.; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht, No. 47, 160 (1938)

species :

Ruellia fulgida Andrews; Bot. Rep. t. 527 (1808)

Distribution: Honduras; Panama; Hispaniola [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Tobago; Trinidad; Colombia (Antioquia, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Norte de Santander, Santander, Valle); Venezuela (Aragua, Barinas, Carabobo, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Guarico, Merida, Miranda, Sucre, Tachira, Yaracuy)

80 HON PAN 81 gdl his mar stv TRT 82 CLM VEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum fulgidum (Andrews) Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 59 (1847)

= Geissomeria fulgida (Andrews) Sweet; Hort. Brit., ed. 2: 420 (1830)

= Ruellia glabra B.Heyne ex Roth; Nov. Pl. Sp.: 312 (1821)

= Ruellia macrophylla Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H. B. K.] 2: 241 (1818), nom. illeg.

= Ruellia molinae D.N.Gibson; Phytologia 25(3): 113 (1973)

= Stemonacanthus fulgidus (Andrews) Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I.: 452 (1862)

variant :

var. angustissima (Hochr.) Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 68 (1951)

Distribution: Panama; Tobago; Colombia; Venezuela (Miranda)

80 PAN 81 TRT 82 CLM VEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum fulgidum var. angustissimum Hochr.; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 6(21): 287 (1910)

species :

Ruellia fulozinha E.C.O.Chagas & Costa-Lima; Neodiversity 13(1): 44 (2020)

Distribution: Brazil (Alagoas, Pernambuco)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia furcata (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 310 (1895)

Distribution: Brazil (Espirito Santo)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus furcatus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 35 (1847)

species :

Ruellia galactophylla Chiov.; Fl. Somala, 247 (1929)

Distribution: Somalia

24 SOM

species :

Ruellia geayi (Benoist) E.A.Tripp; Syst. Bot. 32(3): 644 (2007)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Eusiphon geayi Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 144 (1939)

= Eusiphon geayi var. longistamineum (Benoist) Benoist; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 15: 6 (1954)

= Eusiphon geayi var. tomentosus Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 144 (1939)

= Eusiphon longistamineum Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 144 (1939)

species :

Ruellia geminiflora Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 2: 240 (1817 publ. 1818)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Trinidad; Colombia (Antioquia, Casanare, Cundinamarca, Guaviare, Huila, Meta, Tolima, Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Apure, Barinas, Bolívar, Carabobo, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Sucre, Tachira); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija); N-Brazil (Amapa, Pará); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Ceara, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Amambay, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Canindeyu, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Misiones, Neembucu, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes, San Pedro); Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Formosa, Misiones, Santa Fe)

79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 CUB HIS JAM TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Copioglossa pilosa Miers; Proc. Roy. Hort Soc. 3: 294 (1863)

= Dipteracanthus angustifolius (Nees) Bremek.; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht, No. 47, 157 (1938)

= Dipteracanthus canescens Nees; Hook. Lond. J. Bot. 4: 635 (1845)

= Dipteracanthus geminiflorus (Kunth) Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 40 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus geminiflorus var. angustifolius Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9(7): 40 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus geminiflorus var. erectus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 40 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus geminiflorus var. hirsutior Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 40 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus geminiflorus var. procumbens Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 40 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus geminiflorus var. subacaulis Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 40 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus hirsutus Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 6: t. 96 (1829)

= Dipteracanthus humilis Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 39 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus humilis var. diffusus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 40 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus humilis var. minor Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 39 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus nanus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 137 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus porrigens Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 41 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus porrigens var. triflorus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 41 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus vindex Mart. ex Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 42 (1847)

= Gymnacanthus campestris Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 126 (1854)

= Gymnacanthus geminiflorus (Kunth) Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 127 (1854)

= Gymnacanthus humilis Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 127 (1854)

= Ruellia bicolor Ruiz ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 136 (1847)

= Ruellia campestris (Oerst.) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr. Am. Bot. 2: 504 (1882)

= Ruellia canescens (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

= Ruellia elliptica Rusby; Bull. Torr. Bot. Glub, 74 (1900)

= Ruellia geminiflora f. albiflora Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 249 (1898)

= Ruellia geminiflora var. angustifolia (Nees) Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. 451 (1862)

= Ruellia geminiflora var. canescens (Nees) Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I.: 451 (1862)

= Ruellia geminiflora var. hirsutior (Nees) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 136 (1847)

= Ruellia geminiflora var. humilis (Nees) Griseb.; Pl. Lorentz.: 176 (1874)

= Ruellia geminiflora var. nudipes S.Moore; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 4: 425 (1895)

= Ruellia hirsuta Vell.; Fl. Flumin.: 266 (1829), nom. illeg.

= Ruellia hispida Vahl ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 137 (1847), pro syn.

= Ruellia humilis (Nees) Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 3: 629 (1903), nom. illeg.

= Ruellia hypericifolia Rusby; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 7: 363 (1927)

= Ruellia lindmaniana Fritsch; Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 24(3

= Ruellia moritziana Klotzsch ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 137 (1847)

= Ruellia porrigens (Nees) Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 363 (1895)

= Ruellia porrigens Mart. ex Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 41 (1847), nom. inval.

= Ruellia subacaulis K.Koch & C.D.Bouché; Index Seminum hort. Berol. 1854(App.): 12 (1855)

= Ruellia vindex (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

= Ulleria angustifolia (Nees) Bremek.; Proc. K. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch., Amst., Ser. C, 72: 424 (1969)

= Ulleria geminiflora (Kunth) Bremek.; Proc. K. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch., Amst., Ser. C, 72: 423, 424 (1969)

species :

Ruellia gilva Wassh.; Fl. Ecuador 89: 252 (2013)

Distribution: Ecuador

83 ECU

species :

Ruellia glandulifolia U.G.Fern., Kameyama & E.A.Tripp; Syst. Bot. 49(1): 11 (2024)

Distribution: Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia glischrocalyx Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier, ser. II, 4: 321 (1904), nom. nov.

Distribution: Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Pando); N-Brazil (Acre)

83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Stephanophysum quadrifarium Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 202 (1847)

= Ruellia quadrifaria (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895), non Wall.

species :

Ruellia golfodulcensis Durkee; Fieldiana, Bot., n. s. 18: 75 (1986)

Distribution: Costa Rica

80 COS

species :

Ruellia gorgonensis Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 694 (1958)

Distribution: Colombia (Cauca)

82 CLM

species :

Ruellia gracilis Rusby; Mem. Torr. Bot. Club 6: 102 (1896)

Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz)

83 BOL

species :

Ruellia grantii Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 690 (1958)

Distribution: Colombia (Meta)

82 CLM

Conservation Status: Known only from type

species :

Ruellia grisea Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 81 (1951)

Distribution: Colombia (Huila)

82 CLM

Conservation Status: Known only from type

species :

Ruellia gruicollis Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 137 (1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Benoicanthus gruicollis (Benoist) Heine & A.Raynal; Adansonia, sér. 2, 8: 195 (1968)

= Benoicanthus gruicollis var. angustifolia (Benoist) Heine & A.Raynal; Adansonia, sér. 2, 8: 195 (1968)

= Ruellia gruicollis var. angustifolia Benoist; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 12: 4 (1945)

species :

Ruellia guerrerensis T.F.Daniel; Contrib. Univ. Mich. Herb. 19: 278 (1993)

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Michoacan)

79 MEX

species :

Ruellia haematantha Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 4: 322 (1904)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Ruellia haenkeana (Nees) Wassh.; Beitr. Biol. Pflanzen 63: 423 (1988)

Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, Cochabamba, La Paz)

83 BOL

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum haenkeanum Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 311 (1847)

= Ruellia euantha Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 366 (1895)

= Ruellia haenkeana f. lutea Wassh. & J.R.I.Wood; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 116: 264 (2003)

= Ruellia haenkeana f. purpurea Wassh. & J.R.I.Wood; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 116: 266 (2003)

= Ruellia haenkeana var. pilosa Wassh. & J.R.I.Wood; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 116: 263 (2003)

= Ruellia macrophylla Willd. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 207 (1847)

= Ruellia pearcei (Hook.f.) N.E.Br.; Suppl. Johnson´s Gard. Dict.: 999 (1882)

= Ruellia willdenoviana (Nees) Lindau; Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 4: 429 (1907)

= Stemonacanthus euanthus (Lindau) Bremek.; Proc. K. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch., Amst., Ser. C, 72: 424 (1969)

= Stemonacanthus pearcei Hook.f.; Bot. Mag. 93: t. 5648 (1867)

= Stemonacanthus willdenovianus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 207 (1847)

species :

Ruellia hapalotricha Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 25: Beibl. 60: 44 (1898)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia harveyana Stapf; Bot. Mag. t. 8485 (1913)

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca, Veracruz, Chiapas); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras

79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA HON

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia longipila Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 8: 44 (1930)

= Ruellia obtusata S.F.Blake; Contrib. Gray Herb. n. s. 52: 105 (1917)

species :

Ruellia hatschbachii U.G.Fern. & Kameyama; Syst. Bot. 49(1): 15 (2024)

Distribution: Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia haughtii (Leonard) E.A.Tripp; Taxon 58(3): 902 (2009)

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia)

82 CLM

Synonyms: hidden

= Blechum haughtii Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 62 (1951)

species :

Ruellia helianthema (Nees) Profice; Rodriguésia 61(Sup.): S87 (2010)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus helianthemum Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 36 (1847)

species :

Ruellia herbstii (Hook.) Hiern; Kioeb. Vidensk. Meddel. 1877 75 (1878)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus herbstii Hook.; Bot. Mag. 85: t. 5156 (1859)

= Stephanophysum herbstii T.Anderson; J. Agri-Hort. Soc. Ind. N. S. 1: 269 (1868)

species :

Ruellia heterosepala Benoist; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 109: 130 (1962)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia heterotricha Deflers; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 220 (1896)

Distribution: Yemen (Aden Desert, SE-Yemen: coastal Hadhramaut)

35 YEM

species :

Ruellia hirsutissima (Nees) E.A.Tripp; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 174(1): 122 (2013)

Distribution: Brazil (Sao Paulo)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Spirostigma hirsutissima Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 84 (1847)

species :

Ruellia hirsutoglandulosa (Oerst.) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr. Am. Bot. 2: 505 (1882)

Distribution: Mexico (Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Veracruz)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus hirsutoglandulosus Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1854: 123. (1855)

= Ophthalmacanthus roseus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 220 (1847)

= Ruellia rosea (Nees) Hemsl.; Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 2: 507 (1882), nom. illeg.

species :

Ruellia holm-nielsenii Wassh.; Fl. Ecuador 89: 250 (2013)

Distribution: Ecuador

83 ECU

species :

Ruellia hookeriana (Nees) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr. Am. Bot. 2: 505 (1882)

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Colima, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua

79 MEX 80 BLZ ELS GUA HON NIC

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus hookerianus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 130 (1847)

= Ruellia megacantha M.E.Jones; Contrib. West. Bot. No. 18, 66 (1933-5)

= Ruellia pilosa (Nees) Pav. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 127 (1847), non L.f. (1847)

= Ruellia williamsii Leonard; Ceiba 1: 105 (1950)

species :

Ruellia humboldtiana (Nees) Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 366 (1895)

Distribution: Colombia (Casanare, Cundinamarca, Guaviare, Meta, Norte de Santander, Vaupés, Vichada); Venezuela (Apure, Aragua, Barinas, Bolívar, Carabobo, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Falcon, Guarico, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Sucre, Tachira, Trujillo, Yaracuy, Zulia); ?Ecuador

82 CLM VEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia thyrsacanthoides (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

= Stemonacanthus humboldtianus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 206 (1847)

= Stemonacanthus thyrsacanthoides Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 207 (1847)

species :

Ruellia humilis Nutt.; Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. N. S. 5: 182 (1837)

Name: Fringeleaf wild petunia

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia)

74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus ciliosus var. parviflorus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 123 (1847)

= Gymnacanthus humilis (Nutt.) Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1854: 127 (1855)

= Ruellia caroliniensis f. alba Steyerm.; Rhodora 41: 585 (1939)

= Ruellia caroliniensis var. parviflora (Nees) S.F.Blake; Rhodora 17: 134 (1915)

= Ruellia ciliosa var. humilis (Nutt.) Britton; Trans. New York Acad. Sci. 9: 185 (1890)

= Ruellia ciliosa var. longiflora A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2, pt. 1: 326 (1878)

= Ruellia ciliosa var. parviflora (Nees) Britton; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 300 (1894)

= Ruellia humilis f. alba (Steyerm.) Fernald; Rhodora 47: 54 (1945)

= Ruellia humilis f. grisea Fernald; Rhodora 47: 54 (1945)

= Ruellia humilis var. calvescens Fernald; Rhodora 47: 60, tab. 860 (1945)

= Ruellia humilis var. depauperata Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 73, fig. 26 (1949)

= Ruellia humilis var. expansa Fernald; Rhodora 47: 58, tab. 859 (1945)

= Ruellia humilis var. frondosa Fernald; Rhodora 47: 54, tab. 857 (1945)

= Ruellia humilis var. longiflora (A.Gray) Fernald; Rhodora 47: 56 (1945)

= Ruellia parviflora (Nees) Britton; Man. Fl. N. States: 854 (1901), nom. illeg.

species :

Ruellia hygrophila Mart.; Flora 24(2): Beibl. 65 (1841)

Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz, Tarija); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Amambay, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes, San Pedro); Uruguay (Artigas); Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Formosa, Misiones, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe)

83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Cryphiacanthus udus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 49 (1847)

= Lychniothyrsus hygrophilus (Mart.) Bremek.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 75: 669 (1948)

= Ruellia chiquitensis Baill.; Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris 2: 853 (1890)

species :

Ruellia hygrophiloides (Nees) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr. Am. Bot. 2: 505 (1882)

Distribution: SW-Mexico

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus hygrophiloides Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 121 (1847)

species :

Ruellia hypericoides (Nees) Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 19: Beibl. no. 48 16 (1894), et Bull. Herb. Boissier Ser. II. 3: 629 (1903)

Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Misiones); Uruguay (Artigas); Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus hypericoides Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 39 (1847)

species :

Ruellia incompta (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

Distribution: N-Brazil (Rondônia); NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus incomptus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 44 (1847)

species :

Ruellia indecora Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 142 (1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia inflata Rich.; Act. Soc. Hist. Nat. Par. 1: 110 (1792)

Distribution: Surinam; French Guiana; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Pando); N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas, Acre, Rondônia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)

82 FRG SUR 83 BOL 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum inflatum (Rich.) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 215 (1847)

= Cyrtacanthus cordifolius Mart. ex Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 51 (1847), pro syn.

= Ruellia pipericaulis Rizzini; Bol. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, n. s. Bot., No. 8, 22 (1947)

= Stephanophysum cordifolium Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 51 (1847)

species :

Ruellia insignis Balf.f.; Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 12: 85 (1884)

Distribution: Soqotra

24 SOC

species :

Ruellia insurrecta E.C.O.Chagas & Costa-Lima; Neodiversity 13(1): 46 (2020)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Alagoas)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia intermedia Leonard; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17: 512, fig. 2 (1927)

Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

species :

Ruellia inundata Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 2: 239 (1818)

Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Curacao; Colombia (Atlántico, Bolívar, Magdalena); Venezuela (Guarico)

79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 CUR 82 CLM VEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Aphragmia haenkei Nees; Lindl. Nat. Syst. ed. II. 444 (1836)

= Aphragmia inundata (Kunth) Bremek. & Nann.-Bremek.; Verh. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch., Amst., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 45: No. 1, 10 (1948), in adnot.

= Dipteracanthus haenkei (Nees) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 724 (1847)

= Ruellia albicans Bertero ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 724 (1847)

= Ruellia albicaulis Bertero ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16, 2: 822 (1825)

= Ruellia galeottii Leonard; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1938: 59 (1938)

= Ruellia paniculata Vahl ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 141 (1847)

= Ruellia rhamnifolia Willd. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 142 (1847)

species :

Ruellia ischnopoda Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 82 (1951)

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Huila, Nariño, Tolima, Valle); Ecuador

82 CLM 83 ECU

Remarks: probably a synonym of R. ruiziana

species :

Ruellia jaliscana Standl.; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 23: 1334 (1926)

Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco)

79 MEX

species :

Ruellia japurensis Mart. ex Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 29 (1847)

Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia jeddahica Hemaid; Bangladesh J. Pl. Taxon. 8(2): 84 (2001)

Distribution: Saudi Arabia

35 SAU

species :

Ruellia jiboia E.C.O.Chagas & Costa-Lima; Neodiversity 13(1): 48 (2020)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Alagoas, Bahia)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia jimulcensis Villarreal; Sida 18(1): 223 (1998)

Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Durango)

79 MEX

species :

Ruellia jussieuoides Schltdl. & Cham.; Linnaea 6: 370 (1831)

Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Puebla, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Pará, Rondônia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo)

79 MEX 80 COS GUA NIC 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum achimeniflorum Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 131 (1854)

= Arrhostoxylum jussieuoides (Schltdl.) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 212 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus puri Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 35 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus puri subvar. ampliflorus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 132 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus puri subvar. angustiflorus (Nees) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 132 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus puri var. angustifolius Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 35 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus puri var. gymnocladus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 35 (1847)

= Ruellia achimeniflorum (Oerst.) Hemsl.; Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 2: 503 (1882)

= Ruellia bangii Rusby; Mem. Torr. Bot. Club 6: 102 (1896)

= Ruellia lechleri Britton ex Rusby; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 75 (1900)

= Ruellia lechleri var. grandifolia Britton ex Rusby; Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 27: 75 (1900)

= Ruellia puri (Nees) B.D.Jacks.; Index Kew. 1: 775 (1893)

= Ruellia puri var. longipetiolata S.Moore; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 4: 425 (1895)

= Tacoanthus pearcei Baill.; Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris 2: 833 (1890)

species :

Ruellia kalungae G.V.R.Mendonca & M.J.Silva; Phytotaxa 635(1): 99 (2024)

Distribution: Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia kerrii Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1913: 202 (1913)

Distribution: Thailand

41 THA

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus subulatus (J.B.Imlay) Bremek.; Dansk Bot. Arkiv 23: 201 (1965)

= Ruellia subulata J.B.Imlay; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1939: 112 (1939)

species :

Ruellia kleinii C.Ezcurra & Wassh.; Brittonia 44(1): 72 (1992)

Distribution: S-Brazil (Santa Catarina)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia kuriensis Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 56: 261 (1906)

Distribution: Abd-al-Kuri Isl.

24 SOC

species :

Ruellia lactea Cav.; Ic. 3: 28. t. 255 (1795)

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala

79 MEX 80 GUA

Synonyms: hidden

= Cryphiacanthus lacteus (Cav.) Nees; Del. Sem. Hort. Vrat. 1841: [3] (1841)

= Cryphiacanthus lacteus var. acaulis Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 198 (1847)

= Cryphiacanthus macrosiphon Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 198 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus lacteus (Cav.) C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 3: 98 (1845)

= Ruellia abbreviata D.N.Gibson; Fieldiana, Bot. 34(6): 78 (1972), nom. nov. for C. lacteus var. acaulis Nees

= Ruellia divaricata Hoffmanns.; Verz. Pfl. 193 (1824)

= Ruellia hispida DC. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 198 (1847), nom. inval.

= Ruellia hoffmannseggii Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 481 (1840)

= Ruellia lactea var. acaulis (Nees) Hemsl.; Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 2: 506 (1882)

= Ruellia lactea Willd. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 197 (1847)

= Ruellia longituba D.N.Gibson; Fieldiana, Bot. 34(6): 80 (1972), nom. nov.

= Ruellia macrosiphon Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 309 (1895), nom. illeg.

= Ruellia ovata Willd. ex Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 49 (1847), nom. inval.

= Ruellia prostrata Pav. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 198 (1847), non Poir. 1804

= Ruellia sessilis Balb. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 198 (1847), nom. inval.

= Ruellia verticillata Pav. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 198 (1847), nom. inval.

species :

Ruellia lanatoglandulosa (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 310 (1895)

Distribution: Mexico (San Luis Potosi, Guanajuato, Queretaro, Hidalgo, Puebla)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus lanatoglandulosus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 130 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus lanatoviscosus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 130 (1847)

= Ruellia lanatoviscosa (Nees) Hemsl.; Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 2: 506 (1882)

species :

Ruellia lasiostachys Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 105 (1951)

Distribution: Colombia (Caquetá, Meta); Ecuador

82 CLM 83 ECU

species :

Ruellia laslobasensis E.A.Tripp; Syst. Bot. 35(3): 649 (2010)

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

79 MEX

species :

Ruellia latibracteata D.N.Gibson; Fieldiana, Bot. 34(6): 79 (1972)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca); Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua

79 MEX 80 GUA HON NIC

Synonyms: hidden

= Blechum grandiflorum Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 168 (1854)

= Ruellia mirandana Ramamoorthy & Y.H.Uribe; Pl. Syst. Evol. 159: 161 (1988), nom. nov.

species :

Ruellia latisepala Benoist; Notul. Syst., ed. Humbert 10: 250 (1942)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia laxa (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum laxum Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 57 (1847)

species :

Ruellia leonardiana Hammel; Aliso 36(1): 38 (2019), nom. nov.

Distribution: Colombia

82 CLM

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia tubiflora var. hirsuta Leonard; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 31: 93 (1951)

species :

Ruellia lepidota Urb.; Symb. Antill. 8: 652 (1921)

Distribution: Dominican Republic; Haiti

81 HIS

species :

Ruellia leptosepala Benoist; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 109: 130 (1962)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia leucantha Brandegee; Zoe 5: 109 (1901)

subspecies :

subsp. leucantha

Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)

79 MEX

subspecies :

subsp. postinsularis (Gentry) T.F.Daniel; Polibotanica 2: 7 (1996)

Distribution: Mexico (Sinaloa, Sonora)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Dyschoriste candida Brandegee; Zoe 5: 242 (1908)

= Ruellia candida (Brandegee) Kobuski; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 15: 60 (1928)

= Ruellia leucantha var. postinsularis Gentry; Brittonia 6: 323 (1948)

species :

Ruellia leucobracteatus Durkee; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 65(1): 261 (1978)

Distribution: Panama

80 PAN

species :

Ruellia liesneri Wassh.; Novon 2(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas)

82 VEN

species :

Ruellia lindaviana Taub.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 21: 452 (1896)

Distribution: Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia linearibracteolata Lindau; Ann. Ist. Bot. Roma 6: 70 (1897)

Distribution: Ethiopia; Djibouti; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Yemen; Pakistan (Baluchistan); Marshall Isl. [I] (Kwajalein [I])

24 DJI ETH SOM 25 KEN UGA 35 YEM 40 PAK 62 mrs

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus longifolius Stocks; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 4: 177 (1852)

= Ruellia leucoderma Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 24: 318 (1897)

= Ruellia longifolia (Nees) T.Anderson; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 9: 460 (1867)

= Ruellia neolongifolius Bennet & Raizada; Indian Forester, 109(4): 219 (1983), nom. nov. superfl.

= Ruellia sindica Ghafoor & H.Heine; Willdenowia 16(1): 122 (1986), nom. nov.

species :

Ruellia linifolia Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 141 (1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia lithophila Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 187 (1902)

Distribution: Ethiopia

24 ETH

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Ruellia longepetiolata (Oerst.) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr. Am. Bot. 2: 506 (1882)

Distribution: New Caledonia [I]; Mexico (San Luis Potosi, Queretaro, Hidalgo, Veracruz, Puebla)

60 nwc 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus humifusus Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 125 (1854)

= Dipteracanthus longepetiolatus Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 124 (1854)

= Dipteracanthus squarrosus Fenzl; Ind. Sem. Hort. Vindob. 10 (1868)

= Ruellia humifusa (Oerst.) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr. Am. Bot. 2: 505 (1882) non Pers. 1806

= Ruellia squarrosa (Fenzl) Cufod.; Baileya 17: 40 (1970), isonym

= Ruellia squarrosa (Fenzl) Schaffnit; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 19(1): 455 (1906)

species :

Ruellia longifilamentosa Lindau; Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 16: 72 (1901)

Distribution: Colombia (Cauca, Cundinamarca)

82 CLM

species :

Ruellia longifolia Rich.; Act. Soc. Hist. Nat. Par. 1: 110 (1792)

Distribution: Surinam; French Guiana

82 FRG SUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum longifolium Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 214 (1847)

= Arrhostoxylum rubrum var. longifolium (Rich.) Bremek.; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 45: 159 (1938)

species :

Ruellia longipedunculata Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 365 (1895)

Distribution: Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Santa Cruz, Tarija); Argentina (Jujuy, Salta)

83 BOL 85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Stephanophysum brookeae Bremek.; Proc. K. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch., Amst., Ser. C, 72: 424 (1969)

species :

Ruellia lucindae U.G.Fern., Kameyama & E.A.Tripp; Syst. Bot. 49(1): 17 (2024)

Distribution: Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia lutea (Leonard) E.A.Tripp & Luján; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 119: 38 (2018)

Distribution: Venezuela (Aragua, Carabobo, Cojedes)

82 VEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia macrophylla var. lutea Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 81 (1951)

species :

Ruellia luzona Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 151 (1847)

Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)

42 PHI

Remarks: provisionally accepted name, only known from description

Synonyms: hidden

= Hemigraphis luzona (Nees) Fern.-Vill.; Blanco, Fl. Philipp. ed. III. Nov. App. 153 (1880)

species :

Ruellia luzoniensis Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 30: 426 (1926)

Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)

42 PHI

species :

Ruellia macarenensis Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 692 (1958)

Distribution: Colombia (Meta)

82 CLM

Conservation Status: Known only from type

species :

Ruellia macrantha (Nees) Hiern; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjöbenhavn 72 (1878)

Distribution: N-Brazil (Rondônia); WC-Brazil (Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus macranthus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 37 (1847)

= Ruellia macrantha (Nees) Van Houtte; Nursery Cat. (Louis van Houtte) 177: 98 (1878), isonym

= Dipteracanthus speciosus C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 3: 98 (1845)

= Ruellia magnifica Mart. ex Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 37 (1847), nom. inval.

= Ruellia speciosa (C.Presl) Schott ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 118 (1847), nom. inval.

species :

Ruellia macrophylla Vahl; Symb. Bot. 2: 72. t. 39 (1791)

Distribution: Mexico (Quintana Roo, Yucatan); Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Trinidad & Tobago [I]; Colombia (Antioquia, Bolívar, Chocó, La Guajira, Magdalena); Venezuela (Aragua, Barinas, Bolívar, Carabobo, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Guarico, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Portuguesa, Sucre, Tachira, Yaracuy, Zulia)

79 MEX 80 PAN 81 CUB JAM trt 82 CLM VEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum willdenowianum Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 209 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus macrophyllus (Vahl) Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 125 (1854)

= Ruellia macrophylla var. puberula Leonard; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 31: 80 (1951)

= Ruellia maravilla M.Gómez; Noc. Bot. Sist. 79 (1893)

= Ruellia rubra Willd. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 209 (1847), pro syn.

= Stemonacanthus macrophyllus (Vahl) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 205 (1847)

species :

Ruellia macrosiphon Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 42(2): 92 (1873)

Distribution: Myanmar (Bago, Mon); Vietnam

41 MYA VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia macrosiphon var. nudum Benoist; Lecomte (ed. ), Fl. Indo-Chine (1935)

= Ruellia macrosiphon var. pierrei Benoist; Lecomte (ed. ), Fl. Indo-Chine (1935)

species :

Ruellia macrosolen Lillo ex C.Ezcurra; Syst. Bot. 14(3): 297 (1989)

Distribution: Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Santa Cruz, Tarija); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Amambay, Pres. Hayes); Argentina (Chaco, Formosa, Jujuy, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Tucuman)

83 BOL 85 ARG PAR

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia macrosolen Lillo; Lilloa 1: 37 (1937), nomen

species :

Ruellia magniflora C.Ezcurra; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 80(4): 835 (1993)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul); Paraguay (Amambay, Canindeyu, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Misiones); Argentina (Corrientes)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

species :

Ruellia makoyana Closon; Rev. Hort. Belge Étrangère 21: 109 (1895)

Distribution: Zimbabwe [I]; New Caledonia [I]; SE-Brazil

26 zim 60 nwc 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus makoyanus (Closon) Boom; Succulenta 46: 108 (1967)

= Dipteracanthus portellae (Hook.f.) Boom; Succulenta (Netherlands) 46: 108 (1967)

= Ruellia portellae Hook.f.; Bot. Mag. 139: t. 8498 (1913)

species :

Ruellia malaca Leonard; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 10: No. 4, 57 (1961)

Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar)

82 VEN

species :

Ruellia malacosperma Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. 34: 572 (1899)

Name: Softseed wild petunia (EN)

Distribution: USA (Florida, Louisiana, Texas); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Coahuila, Guerrero, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); Honduras [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Panama; Colombia [I] (Bolívar [I], Boyacá [I], Cauca [I]); Ecuador [I]

77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 cos hon PAN 82 clm 83 ecu

Remarks: sometimes included in R. simplex s. l.

species :

Ruellia malasica (C.B.Clarke) J.B.Imlay; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1939: 112 (1939)

Distribution: peninsular Malaysia

42 MLY

Synonyms: hidden

= Acanthopale malasica C.B.Clarke; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 74: 659 (1908)

species :

Ruellia matagalpae Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 361 (1895)

Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua

79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA HON NIC

species :

Ruellia matudae Leonard; Contrib. Univ. Mich. Herb., No. 6 63 (1941)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas)

79 MEX

species :

Ruellia maya T.F.Daniel; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 48(13): 273 (1995)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz); Guatemala

79 MEX 80 GUA

species :

Ruellia mcvaughii T.F.Daniel; Contrib. Univ. Mich. Herb. 17: 159 (1990)

Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit)

79 MEX

species :

Ruellia megasphaera Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 364 (1895)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Veracruz); Guatemala; El Salvador

79 MEX 80 ELS GUA

species :

Ruellia mellosilvae U.G.Fern., Kameyama & E.A.Tripp; Syst. Bot. 49(1): 22 (2024)

Distribution: Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia menthoides (Nees) Hiern; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1877: 72 (1878)

Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas, Miranda); Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas, Acre, Rondônia); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Pernambuco); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

82 VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus menthoides Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 44 (1847)

= Ruellia asema Leonard; Bol. Soc. Venez. Cienc. Nat. 21: 13 (1959)

species :

Ruellia metallica Leonard; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 18: 1253 (1938)

Distribution: Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama

80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN

Remarks: sometimes included in R. terminalis

species :

Ruellia metziae Tharp; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 19 (1949)

Name: Metz´s wild petunia

Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Coahuila, San Luis Potosi)

77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia metziae var. marshii Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 21, fig. 7 (1949)

species :

Ruellia microcalyx (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 310 (1895)

Distribution: Guyana; Surinam

82 GUY SUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus microcalyx Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 116 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus surinamensis Miq.; Linnaea 22: 471 (1849)

= Ulleria surinamensis (Miq.) Bremek.; Proc. K. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch., Amst., Ser. C, 72: 424 (1969)

species :

Ruellia mira McDade & E.A.Tripp; Brittonia 59(3): 204 (2007)

Distribution: Costa Rica

80 COS

species :

Ruellia misera Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 143 (1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia mollis (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Ceara)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Stephanophysum molle Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 203 (1847)

species :

Ruellia monanthos (Nees) Bojer ex T.Anderson; J. Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond., Bot. 7: 24 (1863)

Distribution: Madagascar; Aldabra (Aldabra Isl.)

29 ALD MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus monanthus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 125 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus monanthus var. nummulariifolius Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 125 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus obovatus Boivin ex Benoist; Cat. Pl. Madagascar, Acanthac. 14 (1939)

= Ruellia monanthos var. nummulariifolia (Nees) Benoist; H. Perrier, Cat. Pl. Madagasc. 182: 14 (1939)

= Ruellia uniflora Bojer ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 125 (1847), pro syn.

species :

Ruellia morongii Britton; Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 7: 192 (1893)

Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Central, Concepcion, Paraguari, San Pedro); Uruguay (Artigas, Paysandu, Salto, Tacuarembo); Argentina (Corrientes, Entre Rios, Misiones, Santa Fe)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Cryphiacanthus acaulis Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 49 (1847)

= Ruellia acaulis (Nees) V.M.Badillo; H. F. Pittier et al. , Cat. Fl. Venez. 2: 415 (1947), nom. illeg.

species :

Ruellia muelleri Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 21 (1949)

Distribution: S-USA (Texas); NE-Mexico (Coahuila)

77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia muelleri var. grandiflora (Leonard) Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 23 (1949)

species :

Ruellia multifolia (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: (1895) 310, et Bull. Herb. Boissier Ser. II. 3: 630

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás); SE-Brazil (Sao Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Amambay, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Canindeyu, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Paraguari, San Pedro); Argentina (Misiones)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus multifolius Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 33 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus multifolius var. multiflorus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 33 (1847)

= Ruellia subdentata Klotzsch ex Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 33 (1847)

variant :

var. viscosissima (Nees) C.Ezcurra; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 80(4): 828 (1993)

Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Concepcion, Cordillera); Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus glandulosopunctatus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 34 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus viscosissimus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 34 (1847)

= Ruellia glandulosopunctata (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 310 (1895)

= Ruellia variabilis Zipp.; Bijdr. Natuurk. Wetensch. 5: 180 (1830)

= Ruellia viscosissima (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

species :

Ruellia napoensis Wassh.; Fl. Ecuador 89: 274 (2013)

Distribution: Ecuador

83 ECU

species :

Ruellia neesiana (Mart. ex Ness) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 310 (1895)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

Synonyms: hidden

= Neowedia neesiana Mart. ex Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 37 (1847)

= Ruellia pilosa Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 268

species :

Ruellia neoneesiana Wassh.; L. Brako & Zarucchi, Cat. Flow. Pl. Gymn. Peru (Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard., 45): 1253 (1993), nom. nov.

Distribution: ?Colombia (?Amazonas); Peru

83 PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus grandiflorus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 134 (1847)

= Ruellia candida Ruiz & Pav. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 134 (1847), pro syn.

= Ruellia grandiflora (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 310 (1895), nom. illeg.

species :

Ruellia neowedia (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 310 (1895)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus neowedia (Schrad.) Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 30 (1847)

= Neowedia speciosa Schrad.; Gött. Gel. Anz. 1821: 706 (1821)

species :

Ruellia nitens (Nees) Wassh.; Kew Bull. 48(1): 17 (1993)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus nitens Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 41 (1847)

= Ruellia goyazensis Lindau; Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 60: 45 (1898)

species :

Ruellia nitida (Nees) Wassh. & J.R.I.Wood; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 116(2): 269 (2003)

Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, Pando, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Amazonas, Acre, Rondônia)

83 BOL 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum nitidum Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 59 (1847)

species :

Ruellia nobilis (Moore) Lindau; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 67 (1909)

Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Concepcion)

83 BOL 84 BRA 85 PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia herzogii Lindau; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 67 (1909)

= Salpingacanthus nobilis S.Moore; J. Bot. 42: 107 (1904)

species :

Ruellia noctiflora (Nees) A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Am. 2: I. 326 (1878)

Name: Nightflowering wild petunia

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi)

78 USA

Conservation Status: IUCN V

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus noctiflorus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 123 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus noctiflorus var. humilis Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 123 (1847)

= Dizygandra noctiflora Shuttlew. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 123 (1847)

= Ruellia tubiflora Leconte; Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 1: 142 (1824), nom. illeg.

species :

Ruellia nocturna Hedrén; Nordic J. Bot. 13(5): 511 (1993)

Distribution: Somalia

24 SOM

species :

Ruellia norvegigratiosa McDade & E.A.Tripp; Brittonia 59(3): 206 (2007)

Distribution: Costa Rica

80 COS

species :

Ruellia novogaliciana T.F.Daniel; Contrib. Univ. Mich. Herb. 17: 157 (1990)

Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Michoacan)

79 MEX

species :

Ruellia nummularia Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 140 (1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia oaxacana Leonard; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1938: 60 (1938)

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Jalisco, Nayarit, Oaxaca)

79 MEX

species :

Ruellia obliqua Pers.; Syn. Pl. 2: 177 (1806)

Distribution: Java

42 JAW

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia scabra Juss. ex Pers.; Syn. Pl. 2: 178 (1806), nom. inval.

species :

Ruellia obtusa Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 152 (1847)

Distribution: Colombia (Atlántico, Bolívar, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, La Guajira, Magdalena, Santander, Tolima)

82 CLM

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia obtusa f. albiflora Leonard; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 31: 689 (1958)

species :

Ruellia ochroleuca Mart. ex Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 56 (1847)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Lychniothyrsus mollis Lindau; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 6: 193 (1914)

= Lychniothyrsus ochroleucus (Mart. ex Nees) Bremek.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 75: 669 (1948)

= Ruellia flava Salzm. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 152 (1847), nom. inval.

species :

Ruellia odorata E.A.Tripp & McDade; Brittonia 59(3): 200 (2007)

Distribution: Costa Rica

80 COS

species :

Ruellia orthocaula (Bremek.) comb.ined.

Distribution: Thailand

41 THA

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus orthocaulus Bremek.; Dansk Bot. Arkiv 33: 200 (1965)

species :

Ruellia ovalifolia (Oerst.) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr. Am. Bot. 2: 506 (1882)

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Cryphiacanthus ovalifolius Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 129 (1854)

species :

Ruellia oxysepala C.B.Clarke; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 78: 73 (1905)

Distribution: Mozambique

26 MOZ

species :

Ruellia palustris Durkee; Fieldiana, Bot., n. s. 18: 77 (1986)

Distribution: Costa Rica

80 COS

species :

Ruellia panamensis (Lindau) E.A.Tripp; Taxon 58(3): 902 (2009)

Distribution: Panama; ?Colombia (?Chocó)

80 PAN

Synonyms: hidden

= Blechum panamense Lindau; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 424 (1913)

= Blechum dariense Lindau; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 423 (1913)

species :

Ruellia paniculata L.; Sp. Pl. 635 (1753)

Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Jalisco, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Cuba; Jamaica; Colombia (Atlántico, Bolívar, La Guajira, Magdalena); Venezuela (Anzoategui, Apure, Falcon, Guarico, Lara, Miranda, Portuguesa, Sucre, Yaracuy, Zulia); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco, Bahia)

79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC 81 CUB JAM 82 CLM VEN 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Antheilema paniculata (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 66 (1836)

= Dipteracanthus paniculatus (L.) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 142 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus turbacensis Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 143 (1847)

= Justicia furcata Lam.; Encycl. [Lam. & al.] 1(2): 631 (1785)

= Justicia variabilis Zuccagni; Roem., Collecteana: 116 (1806)

= Ruellia dichotoma Bertero ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 142 (1847), pro syn.

= Ruellia turbacensis (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 309 (1895)

= Ruellia viscosa Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H. B. K.] 2: 239 (1818)

species :

Ruellia panucana Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 363 (1895)

Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz)

79 MEX

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Ruellia parryi A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Am. 2: I. 326 (1878)

Name: Parry´s wild petunia

Distribution: USA (New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas)

77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus suffruticosus Torr.; Bot. Mex. Bound. 122 (1858 publ. 1859)

species :

Ruellia parva (Nees) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr. Am. Bot. 2: 506 (1882)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Veracruz)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ophthalmacanthus parvus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 220 (1847)

species :

Ruellia parvifolia Urb.; Symb. Antill. 9: 128 (1923)

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

species :

Ruellia patula Jacq.; Misc. II: 258 (1781)

Distribution: Egypt (SE-Egypt); Mauritania; Mali; Burkina Faso; Niger; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; N-Chad (Tibesti, Ennedi); Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Soqotra; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir, Nejd Desert); Oman (Dhofar); Yemen (Aden Desert, Inner Hadhramaut, SW-Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen); Pakistan (Karachi, Baluchistan, N. W. Frontier Prov., Peshawar, Pakistani Punjab); India (Haryana, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (P. Song Song, Kedah); Christmas Isl. [Austr.]; Society Isl. [I] (Raiatea [I]); Surinam [I]

20 EGY 22 BKN MLI MTN NGR 23 BUR CAF RWA ZAI 24 CHA DJI ERI ETH SOC SOM SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT SAF SWZ 35 OMA SAU YEM 40 BAN IND PAK SRL 41 MYA VIE 42 MLY XMS 61 sci 82 sur

Synonyms: hidden

= Barleria sudanica (Schweinf.) Lindau; Engl., Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C: 368 (1895)

= Dipteracanthus erectus Nees; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 3: 82 (1832)

= Dipteracanthus matutinus C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 3: 94 (1845)

= Dipteracanthus ocymoides C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 3: 98 (1845)

= Dipteracanthus pallidus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 126 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus patulus (Jacq.) Nees; Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 3: 82 (1781)

= Dipteracanthus patulus var. alba (Saxton) Bhandari; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 6: 327 (1964)

= Dipteracanthus patulus var. obtusior Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 126 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus sudanicus Schweinf.; Verh. K.-K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 18: 679 (1868)

= Petalidium patulum (Jacq.) Dalzell & A.Gibson; Bomb. Fl. 185 (1861)

= Ruellia aromatica Roxb. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 127 (1847), pro syn.

= Ruellia axillaris Wall. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 127 (1847), pro syn.

= Ruellia bracteophylla Chiov.; Fl. Somala, 246 (1929)

= Ruellia concavifolia Ortega; Nov. Rar. Pl. Descr. Dec. 94 (1798)

= Ruellia erecta B.Heyne ex Roth; Nov. Pl. Sp.: 308 (1821), nom. illeg.

= Ruellia erecta var. elongata Roth; Nov. Pl. Sp.: 309 (1821)

= Ruellia gongodes Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 187 (1902)

= Ruellia huttonii T.Anderson; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 7: 25 (1863)

= Ruellia ibbensis Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 20: 15 (1891)

= Ruellia malabarica Kostel.; Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 3: 925 (1834)

= Ruellia matutina Hochst. & Steud. ex C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 3: 94 (1845)

= Ruellia ocymoides Cav.; Icon. 5: 9 (1799)

= Ruellia ovata Gouan ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 127 (1847), pro syn.

= Ruellia pallida Vahl; Symb. Bot. 2: 72 (1791)

= Ruellia patula var. alba Saxton; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 6: 288 (1918)

= Ruellia patula var. dumicola Chiov.; Fl. Somala 2: 348 (1932)

= Ruellia patula var. erythraea A.Terracc.; Ann. R. Inst. Bot. Roma 5: 102 (1893)

= Ruellia patula var. pubescens Balf.f.; Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 12: 407 (1884)

= Ruellia socotrana Vierh.; Denkschr. Akad. Wien, Math.-Nat. 71: 456 (1907), as ´sokotrana´

= Ruellia sudanica (Schweinf.) Lindau; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1894: 28 (1894)

species :

Ruellia pauciovulata Benoist; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 109: 130 (1962)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia paulayana Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 56: 262 (1906)

Distribution: Soqotra

24 SOC

species :

Ruellia pedunculata Torr. ex A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Am. 2: I. 325 (1878)

subspecies :

subsp. pedunculata

Name: Stalked wild petunia

Distribution: USA (Arkansas, Illinois, Louisiana, Missouri, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Texas); Mexico (Tamaulipas, Veracruz)

74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia pedunculata f. baueri Steyerm.; Rhodora 51: 118 (1949)

subspecies :

subsp. pinetorum (Fernald) R.W.Long; J. Arnold Arbor. 51: 288 (1970)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, Texas)

77 USA 78 USA

Conservation Status: IUCN V

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia pinetorum Fernald; Rhodora 47: 24 (1945)

species :

Ruellia pedunculosa (Nees) Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 363 (1895)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum pedunculosum Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 211 (1847)

= Justicia filiformis Ruiz ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 433, 211 (1847)

= Justicia longistaminea Poepp. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 211 (1847), nom. illeg.

= Justicia longistaminea Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. 1: 8 (1798)

species :

Ruellia pereducta Standl. ex Lundell; Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. No. 436 (Prelim. Sketch Phytogeogr. Yucatan Penins.) 303 (1934), nomen subnudum; Standl. in Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. No. 461 (Bot. Maya Area) 89 (1935), descr.

Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Jalisco, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; Nicaragua

79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA NIC

species :

Ruellia perrieri Benoist; Notul. Syst., ed. Humbert 12: 4 (1945)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Pseudoruellia perrieri (Benoist) Benoist; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 109: 131 (1962)

= Ruellia perrieri var. triangularis Benoist; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 12: 137 (1946)

species :

Ruellia petiolaris (Nees) T.F.Daniel; Contrib. Univ. Mich. Herb. 17: 139 (1990)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Michoacan, Oaxaca)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Gymnacanthus petiolaris Nees; Lindl. Introd. Nat. Syst. ed. II. 444 (1836)

= Ruellia montezumae Lindau; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 424 (1913)

= Ruellia palmeri Greenm.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 343 (1912)

= Ruellia petiolata Bojer ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 726 (1847), nom. inval.

= Sclerocalyx mexicanum Nees; Benth. Bot. Voy. Sulph. 145 (1844)

species :

Ruellia philippinensis Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 5: 1690 (1913)

Distribution: Palawan; Philippines (Basilan)

42 PHI PLW

Conservation Status: IUCN I

species :

Ruellia phyllocalyx Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier Ser. II. 4: 320 (1904)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Ruellia pilosa L.f.; Suppl. 290 (1782)

Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)

27 SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus pilosus (L.f.) Nees; Linnaea 15: 353 (1841)

= Dipteracanthus zeyheri Sond.; Linnaea 23: 90 (1850)

= Erythracanthus pilosus (Nees) C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 3: 97 (1845)

= Fabria pilosa Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 114 (1847)

= Fabria rigida E.Mey.; Drège, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Dokum.: 185 (1844), nom. inval.

= Ruellia pilosa (Nees) Pav. ex Hemsl.; Biol. Centr.-Amer., Bot. 2: 506 (1882)

= Ruellia pubescens Pers.; Syn. 2: 176 (1806)

= Ruellia zeyheri (Sond.) T.Anderson; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 7: 25 (1864)

species :

Ruellia pinguicula U.G.Fern., Kameyama & E.A.Tripp; Syst. Bot. 49(1): 25 (2024)

Distribution: Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia pittieri Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 5: 655 (1897)

Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama

80 COS PAN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia tonduzii Lindau; Annal. Inst. Fis.-Geog. Costa Rica 8: 302 (1900)

species :

Ruellia placoidea Rendle; J. Bot. 34: 414 (1896)

Distribution: Somalia (Somaliland)

24 SOM

species :

Ruellia pohlii (Nees) E.A.Tripp & T.F.Daniel; Taxon 72(5): 1045 (2023)

Distribution: Brazil

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus pohlii Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 43 (1847)

species :

Ruellia poissonii Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 142 (1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia potamophila Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 71 (1951)

Distribution: Colombia (Chocó, Risaralda, Valle)

82 CLM

species :

Ruellia praeclara Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 4: 263 (1929)

Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama

80 COS PAN

Conservation Status: IUCN E

species :

Ruellia praetermissa Schweinf. ex Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 20: 15 (1894)

Distribution: Senegal; Sierra Leone; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Cameroon; Gabon; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; S-Chad; South Sudan; Uganda; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Mozambique; Yemen (Tihama, W-Yemen)

22 BEN BKN GHA IVO MLI SEN SIE TOG 23 BUR CAF CMN GAB RWA ZAI 24 CHA SSU 25 TAN UGA 26 MLW MOZ ZAM 35 YEM

species :

Ruellia primulacea F.Muell. ex Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 4: 546 (1868)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Aporuellia australis (Hassk.) Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 602 (1929)

= Aporuellia australis var. scabra (Benth.) Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 602 (1929)

= Cryphiacanthus australis (Hassk.) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 198 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus australasicus F.Muell.; New South Wales Parlament. Legislative Assembly. Votes & Proc. 2: 8 (1859)

= Dipteracanthus australasicus subsp. dalyensis R.M.Barker; J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 9: 92 (1986)

= Dipteracanthus australasicus subsp. glabratus R.M.Barker; J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 9: 91 (1986)

= Dipteracanthus australis Hassk.; Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Physiol. 10: 129 (1843)

= Dipteracanthus primulaceus (F.Muell. ex Benth.) Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 11: 196 (1962)

= Dipteracanthus sessiliflorus Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 11: 196 (1962)

= Ruellia australis R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 479 (1810), nom. illeg.

= Ruellia australis var. scabra Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 4: 547 (1868)

species :

Ruellia primuloides (T.Anderson ex Benth.) Heine; Fl. Gabon, No. 13, 14 (1966)

Distribution: Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Equatorial Guinea; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]

22 GHA GUI IVO LBR NGA SIE 23 BIO CMN CON EQG GAB

Synonyms: hidden

= Endosiphon obliquus C.B.Clarke; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Africa 5: 50 (1900)

= Endosiphon primuloides T.Anderson ex Benth.; Benth. & Hook.f. Gen. Pl. 2: 1085 (1876)

= Endosiphon primuloides var. hirsuta Benoist ex A.Chev.; Explor. Bot. Afrique Occ. Franç. 1: 496 (1920)

species :

Ruellia pringlei Fernald; Proc. Amer. Acad. 43: 67 (1907)

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Michoacan, Oaxaca)

79 MEX

species :

Ruellia prostrata Poir.; Encyc. 6: 349 (1804)

Distribution: Central African Republic; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; N-Namibia (incl. Caprivi Strip); Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Oman; Yemen; Pakistan (Sind, Rawalpindi); Nepal; India (Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Wesf Bengal); Sri Lanka; Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives]; Bangladesh; peninsular Malaysia; Java; Moluccas; Christmas Isl. [Austr.]; New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Solomon Isl.; New Caledonia; Vanuatu; [Western] Samoa [I] (´Upolu [I], Savai´i [I]); American Samoa [I] (Tutuila [I], Ta´u [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I], Mangaia [I], Aitutaki [I], Atiu [I], Mauke [I], Mitiaro [I], Rakahanga [I]); Hawaii [I] (Oahu [I], Molokai [I], W-Maui [I]); Guyana [I]

23 CAF 24 ETH SOM SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 35 OMA YEM 40 BAN IND LDV NEP PAK SRL 42 JAW MLY MOL NWG XMS 43 SOL 60 asa NWC sam VAN 61 coo 63 haw 82 guy

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus dejectus Nees; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 3: 82 (1832)

= Dipteracanthus genduanus Schweinf.; Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 18: 680 (1868)

= Dipteracanthus prostratus (Poir.) Nees; Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 3: 81 (1832)

= Ruellia deccanensis J.Graham; Cat. Pl. Bombay: 162 (1839)

= Ruellia genduana (Schweinf.) C.B.Clarke; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Africa 5: 47 (1900)

= Ruellia methia Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 2384 (1830), nomen

= Ruellia nubica Delile; Cailliaud, Voy. Méroé 4(prepr.): 74 (1826)

= Ruellia otaviensis P.G.Mey.; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 2: 171 (1956)

= Ruellia pallida Willd. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 126 (1847)

= Ruellia patula var. prostrata (Poir.) Chiov.; Atti Ist. Bot. Pavia ser. 4, 7: 146 (1936)

= Ruellia prostrata var. dejecta (Nees) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 412 (1884)

= Ruellia repens Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 2384 (1830), nom. inval.

= Ruellia ringens Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 46 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 3: 44 (1832)

= Ruellia wightiana Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 2397 (1830), nom. inval.

species :

Ruellia proxima Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 365 (1895)

Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Cochabamba, La Paz, Pando); N-Brazil (Amazonas, Acre, Rondônia)

83 BOL PER 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia thyrsostachya Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier Ser. II. 4: 320 (1904)

species :

Ruellia pseudopatula Ensermu; Kew Bull. 57(3): 747 (2002)

Distribution: Ethiopia; Djibouti; Saudi Arabia; S-Yemen; India (Haryana, Punjab)

24 DJI ETH 35 SAU YEM 40 IND

species :

Ruellia pterocaulon Leonard; Fieldiana, Bot. 28(3): 564 (1953)

Distribution: Venezuela (Anzoategui, Sucre)

82 VEN

species :

Ruellia puberula (Leonard) Tharp & F.A.Barkley; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 42: 17 (1949)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras

79 MEX 80 ELS GUA HON

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia nudiflora var. puberula Leonard; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17: 517 (1927)

species :

Ruellia pulcherrima T.Anderson ex Hemsl.; Biol. Centr. Am. Bot. 2: 507 (1882), nom. nov.

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Campeche, Ciudad de Mexico, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Veracruz)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ophthalmacanthus speciosus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 220 (1847)

= Ruellia diphylla Sessé & Moc.; Fl. Mexic., ed. 2: 148 (1894)

= Ruellia speciosa (Nees) Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 364 (1895), nom. illeg.

species :

Ruellia pulverulenta Leonard; Bol. Soc. Venez. Cienc. Nat. 21: 14 (1959)

Distribution: Venezuela (Carabobo, Yaracuy)

82 VEN

species :

Ruellia pumila (Nees) Pav. ex B.D.Jacks.; Index Kew. 1: 775 (1893)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

Synonyms: hidden

= Cryphiacanthus pumilus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 199 (1847)

species :

Ruellia purshiana Fernald; Rhodora 47: 27 (1945)

Name: Pursh´s wild petunia

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia)

75 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia purshiana f. claustroflora Fernald; Rhodora 47: 29 (1945)

species :

Ruellia putumayensis Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 106 (1951)

Distribution: Colombia (Putumayo); Ecuador

82 CLM 83 ECU

species :

Ruellia pygmaea Donn.Sm.; Coult. Bot. Gaz. 48: 298 (1909)

Distribution: Guatemala; Belize

80 BLZ GUA

species :

Ruellia quadrisepala Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 143 (1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia quartziticola Callm., E.A.Tripp & Phillipson; Candollea 69(1): 82 (2014), nom. nov.

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Eusiphon longissimum Benoist; Not. Syst. 15: 6 (1955)

= Ruellia longissima (Benoist) E.A.Tripp; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 174(1): 122 (2013), nom. illeg.

species :

Ruellia quipungoensis I.Darbysh. & E.A.Tripp; Rheedea 33(4): 262 (-264; f. 3 & 5l) (2024)

Distribution: Angola

26 ANG

species :

Ruellia radicans (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

Distribution: Guyana; French Guiana

82 FRG GUY

Synonyms: hidden

= Polylychnis essequibensis Bremek.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 75: 667 (1948)

= Polylychnis radicans (Nees) Wassh.; Fl. Guianas, ser. A, Phanerogams 23(156): 105 (2006)

= Stemonacanthus radicans Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 207 (1847)

species :

Ruellia rasa Hiern; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1877: 73 (1878)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia rauhii Wassh.; Beitr. Biol. Pflanzen 63(3): 421 (1988)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Ruellia reitzii Wassh. & L.B.Sm.; Fl. Ilustr. Catar., Pt. 1, Acantac., 60 (1969)

Distribution: S-Brazil (Santa Catarina)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia repens L.; Mant. 1: 89 (1767)

Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hongkong, Yunnan); Taiwan; India (central to east, southern parts of the country, Upper Gangetic Plains); Myanmar (Mandalay, Mon, Taninthayi); Thailand; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (common and widespread); Singapore [I]; Philippines (throughout); New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Pohnpei [I])

36 CHI 38 TAI 40 IND 41 CBD MYA THA VIE 42 MLY NWG PHI sng 62 mic

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus cernuus (Roxb.) Santapau; Indian Forester 79: 322 (1953)

= Dipteracanthus lanceolatus Nees; Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 3: 82 (1832)

= Dipteracanthus repens (L.) Hassk.; Hoev. & de Vriese, Tijdschr. 10: 129 (1843)

= Ruellia cernua Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 46 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 3: 45 (1832)

= Ruellia hirtella J.B.Imlay; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1939: 113 (1939)

species :

Ruellia resupinata E.A.Tripp & T.F.Daniel; Taxon 72(5): 1043 (2023)

Distribution: Brazil

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus neesianus Mart. ex Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 37 (1847)

species :

Ruellia rheophytica J.R.I.Wood & Hoyos-Gómez; Kew Bull. 79(2): 177 (2024)

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia)

82 CLM

species :

Ruellia richardsiae Vollesen; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Acanth. (Part 1) 212 (2008)

Distribution: Tanzania

25 TAN

species :

Ruellia riedeliana Profice; Rodriguésia 61(Sup.): S88 (2010), nom. nov.

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum album Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 60 (1847)

= Lychniothyrsus albus (Nees) Bremek.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 75: 669 (1948)

= Ruellia alba Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 55 (1847)

species :

Ruellia robertii (S.Moore) Wassh.; ined.

Distribution: Brazil (Mato Grosso)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Tremacanthus robertii S.Moore; J. Bot. 33 (1904)

species :

Ruellia rosmarinus (Nees) U.G.Fern. & Kameyama; Syst. Bot. 49(1): 1-36 (2024)

Distribution: Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus rosmarinus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 139 (1847)

species :

Ruellia rubiginosa (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Siphonacanthus rubiginosus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 45. t. 46 (1847)

species :

Ruellia rubra Aubl.; Hist. Pl. Guiane: 666 (1775)

Distribution: Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas); NE-Brazil (Maranhao)

82 FRG GUY SUR 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum rubrum (Aubl.) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 209 (1847)

= Arrhostoxylum rubrum var. attenuatum Bremek.; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 45: 159 (1938)

= Arrhostoxylum rubrum var. glomeruliflorum Bremek.; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 45: 159 (1938)

= Arrhostoxylum rubrum var. multiflorum Bremek.; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 45: 158 (1938)

= Arrhostoxylum rubrum var. parviflorum Bremek.; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 45: 158 (1938)

= Arrhostoxylum rubrum var. pygmaeum Bremek.; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 45: 159 (1938)

= Erythracanthus ruber (Aubl.) C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 3: 97 (1845)

species :

Ruellia rufipila Rizzini; Dusenia 7: 301 (1956)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia ruiziana (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz)

83 BOL PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia macrocalyx Ruiz ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 218 (1847), nom. inval.

= Stephanophysum ruizianum Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 203 (1847)

species :

Ruellia rusbyi Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 86 (1951)

Distribution: Colombia (Cauca, Huila, Tolima)

82 CLM

species :

Ruellia saccata Schmidt-Leb. & E.A.Tripp; Novon 19(4): 516 (2009)

Distribution: Bolivia (Beni)

83 BOL

Conservation Status: Known only from type

species :

Ruellia saccifera Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 139 (1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia saeri Llamozas; Acta Bot. Venez. 24(2): 78 (2001)

Distribution: Venezuela (Lara)

82 VEN

species :

Ruellia salmeronensis Llamozas; Acta Bot. Venez. 24(2): 80 (2001)

Distribution: Venezuela (Venezuela Distrito Federal, Miranda)

82 VEN

species :

Ruellia salviifolia (Nees) Profice; Rodriguésia 61(Sup.): S88 (2010)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Stemonacanthus salviifolius Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 54 (1847)

species :

Ruellia sanguinea Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 260 (1879)

Distribution: Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, Santa Cruz, Tarija); Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Santa Fe)

83 BOL 85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum kuntzei (Lindau) Bremek.; Proc. K. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch., Amst., Ser. C, 72: 424 (1969)

= Ruellia kuntzei Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 365 (1895)

species :

Ruellia sarukhaniana Ramamoorthy; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75(4): 1664 (1988 publ. 1989)

Distribution: Mexico (Michoacan)

79 MEX

species :

Ruellia saulensis Wassh.; Brittonia 47(4): 422 (1995)

Distribution: French Guiana

82 FRG

species :

Ruellia scabrifolia Valeton; Bull. Dep. Agric. Indes Neerl. 10: 59 (1907)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)

42 NWG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hemigraphis napiformis Hallier f. ex Valeton; Bull. Dep. Agric. Indes Neerl. 10: 60 (1907)

= Nothoruellia scabrifolia (Valeton) Bremek. & Nann.-Bremek.; Verh. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch., Amst., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 45: No. 1, 24 (1948)

species :

Ruellia scarlatina M.J.Silva; Phytotaxa 547(1): 57 (2022), nom. nov.

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia capitata Rizzini; Dusenia 7: 301 (1956), nom. illeg.

species :

Ruellia sceptrum-marianum (Vell.) Stearn; J. Arnold Arbor. 52(4): 646 (1971)

Distribution: SE-Brazil

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Pedicularis sceptrum-marianum Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 269 (1829)

species :

Ruellia schlechtendaliana (Nees) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr. Am. Bot. 2: 507 (1882)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus schlechtendalianus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 133 (1847)

= Gymnacanthus schlechtendalianus (Nees) Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 126 (1854)

species :

Ruellia schnellii Wassh.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 115(3): 699 (2002)

Distribution: French Guiana

82 FRG

species :

Ruellia serrana Profice; Rodriguésia 61(Sup.): S88 (2010), nom. nov.

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum glabrum Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 58 (1847)

= Ruellia longiflora Salzm. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 210 (1847), nom. illeg.

= Zahlbrucknera lutea Pohl ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 210 (1847)

species :

Ruellia sessilifolia (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 310 (1895)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus sessilifolius Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 28 (1847)

species :

Ruellia shaferiana Urb.; Symb. Antill. 9: 128 (1923)

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

species :

Ruellia siamensis J.B.Imlay; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1939: 114 (1939)

Distribution: Thailand

41 THA

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Ruellia sibua (Nees) I.M.Turner; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 58(4-6): 208 (2021)

Distribution: India

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus sibua Nees; Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 3: 81 (1832)

= Ruellia sibua Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 2384 F (1830), nomen

species :

Ruellia silvaecola (Mart. ex Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia silvaecola Mart. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 213 (1847), nom. inval.

= Ruellia sylvaecola Mart. ex Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 60 (1847)

= Arrhostoxylum silvaecola Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 60 (1847)

species :

Ruellia simplex C.Wright; Anales Acad. Ci. Méd. Habana 6: 321 (1870)

Name: Britton´s wild petunia, A-Ias-doce-me-voy; Guauci (Dominican Republic)

Distribution: Nepal [I]; Bangladesh [I]; South China Sea Isl. [I]; Lesser Sunda Isl. [I] (Bali [I]); New Guinea [I]; Solomon Isl. [I]; Australia [I] (Queensland [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I], Mangaia [I]); Hawaii [I] (Midway Isl. [I], Kauai [I], Oahu [I], W-Maui [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Louisiana [I], Mississippi [I], South Carolina [I], Texas [I]); Bermuda [I]; Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Hidalgo, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); Belize [I]; Honduras; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. John, Tortola); Montserrat; St. Lucia; Colombia [I] (Antioquia [I], Quindío [I]); Venezuela (Cojedes, Venezuela Distrito Federal); Bolivia (Beni, Chuquisaca, Santa Cruz); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso); SE-Brazil (Sao Paulo); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Amambay, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Misiones, Neembucu, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes, San Pedro); Uruguay (Artigas, Canelones, Florida Prov., Montevideo, Rivera, Tacuarembo, Treinta y Tres); Argentina (Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, Tucuman)

40 ban nep 42 lsi nwg scs 43 sol 50 aus 61 coo 63 haw 77 usa 78 usa 79 MEX 80 blz HON 81 ber CAY CUB HIS JAM MTS PUE STL VIR 82 clm VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum microphyllum Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 61 (1847)

= Cryphiacanthus angustifolius Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 199 (1847)

= Ruellia angustifolia (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895), nom. illeg.

= Ruellia brittoniana Leonard; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 31: 96 (1941)

= Ruellia coerulea Morong; Ann. N. Y. Acad. sci. 7: 193 (1893)

= Ruellia ignorantiae Herter; Rev. Sudamer. Bot. 4: 193 (1937)

= Ruellia longipes Urb.; Symb. Antill. 9: 129 (1923)

= Ruellia microphylla (Nees) Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 19: Beibl. no. 48: 16 (1894), et Bull. Herb. Boissier Ser. II. 3: 630

= Ruellia spectabilis Britton; Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 7: 192 (1893), nom. illeg.

= Ruellia tweedyana Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 259 (1879)

species :

Ruellia singularis Benoist; Notul. Syst., ed. Humbert 12: 4 (1945)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia siraensis Wassh.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 108: 178 (2007)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Ruellia sivarajanii Sreedevi, Remadevi & Binojk.; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 27(Suppl.): 1186 (2003)

Distribution: S-India (Kerala)

40 IND

species :

Ruellia solitaria Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 266; 6: t. 95 (1829)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus calvescens Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 32 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus confinis (Nees) Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 31 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus confinis var. minor Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 31 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus schauerianus Nees; Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1838: [3] (1839), et Linnaea 16: 290 (1842)

= Dipteracanthus schauerianus var. decipiens Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 30 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus schauerianus var. humilis Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 29 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus schauerianus var. nanus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 30 (1847)

= Ruellia calvescens (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 310 (1895)

= Ruellia confinis (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 309 (1895)

= Ruellia glabrata Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 29 (1847)

= Ruellia glabrata var. longipetiolatum Hoehne; Exped. Rosevelt-Rondon, Bot. 2: 73 (1914)

= Ruellia lilacina Hook.; Bot. Mag. 71: t. 4147 (1845)

= Ruellia liturata Bosse; Vollst. Handb. Bl.-Gärtn. 2: 943 (1829)

= Ruellia longiflora Lindl.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 32: t. 13 (1846), nom. illeg.

= Ruellia maderensis Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 159 (1847)

= Ruellia schaueriana (Nees) G.Nicholson; Ill. Dict. Gard. 3: 334 (1886)

= Ruellia schaueriana (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 310 (1895)

species :

Ruellia sororia Standl.; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 23: 1333 (1926)

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Oaxaca)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia chilpancingana T.F.Daniel; Brittonia 51(2): 124 (1999)

species :

Ruellia spatulifolia Benoist; Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 141 (1939)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia spectabilis (Hook.) G.Nicholson; Ill. Dict. Gard. 3: 334 (1886)

Distribution: Ecuador; Peru

83 ECU PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus spectabilis Hook.; Bot. Mag. 76: t. 4494 (1850)

= Ruellia pacifica Svenson; Amer. J. Bot. 33: 486 (1946)

species :

Ruellia spissa Leonard; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1938: 61 (1938)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Nayarit); Guatemala

79 MEX 80 GUA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia pratensis D.N.Gibson; Fieldiana, Bot. 34(6): 82 (1972)

species :

Ruellia splendidula (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

Distribution: Brazil

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum splendidulum Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 60 (1847)

species :

Ruellia sprucei Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 5: 653 (1897)

Distribution: ?Colombia (?Guainía); Venezuela (Amazonas); N-Brazil (Amazonas)

82 VEN 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia scandens Lindau; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 6: 193 (1914)

species :

Ruellia standleyi Leonard; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 31: 98 (1941)

Distribution: Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica

80 COS GUA HON NIC

species :

Ruellia stelligera Benoist; Bot. Syst., ed. Humbert 10: 249 (1942)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia stemonacanthoides (Oerst.) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr. Am. Bot. 2: 507 (1882)

Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Nicaragua; Costa Rica

79 MEX 80 COS GUA NIC

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum stemonacanthoides Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 130 (1854)

= Ruellia guatemalensis Donn.Sm.; Coult. Bot. Gaz. 48: 298 (1909)

species :

Ruellia stenophylla C.B.Clarke; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5: 14 (1901)

Distribution: South Africa (Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]

27 SAF SWZ

species :

Ruellia steyermarkii Wassh.; Novon 2(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Venezuela (Bolívar)

82 VEN

species :

Ruellia strepens L.; Sp. Pl. 634 (1753)

Name: Limestone wild petunia

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Jersey, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia)

74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus micranthus Engelm. & A.Gray; Bost. J. Nat. Hist. 5: 257 (1845)

= Dipteracanthus oblongatus Nees; Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1840: [3] (1840)

= Dipteracanthus strepens (L.) C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 3: 97 (1845)

= Dipteracanthus strepens f. pedunculatus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 122 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus strepens var. calycinus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 121 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus strepens var. clandestinus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 122 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus strepens var. dillenii Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 122 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus strepens var. strictus (Nees) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 122 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus strictus Nees; Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1838: [3] (1839)

= Hygrophila illinoiensis Alph.Wood ex A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 327 (1878), nom. inval.

= Ruellia biflora Balb. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 122 (1847), nom. inval.

= Ruellia foliosa Schwein. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 122 (1847), nom. inval.

= Ruellia oblongifolia L. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 122 (1847), nom. inval.

= Ruellia ovata Delarbre ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 122 (1847)

= Ruellia strepens f. alba Steyerm.; Rhodora 54: 258 (1952)

= Ruellia strepens f. cleistantha (A.Gray) S.McCoy; Amer. Bot. (Binghamton) 43: 24 (1937)

= Ruellia strepens var. cleistantha A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2, pt. 1: 327 (1878)

= Ruellia strepens var. micrantha (Engelm. & A.Gray) Britton; Mem. Torr. Bot. Club 5: 300 (1894)

= Ruellia vinciflora DC. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 122 (1847), nom. inval.

species :

Ruellia subringens (Nees) Lindau; Urb. Symb. Antill. 2: 191 (1900)

Distribution: Guadeloupe [I]; NE-Brazil (Bahia)

81 gdl 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus subringens Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 31 (1847)

= Ruellia grandiflora Salzm. ex Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 31, non (Forssk.) Pers. (1847)

species :

Ruellia subsessilis (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum subsessile Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 58 (1847)

species :

Ruellia suffruticosa Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 95 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 3: 53 (1832)

Distribution: India (Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, West Bengal); Andaman Isl.; Bangladesh

40 BAN IND 41 AND

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus suffruticosus (Roxb.) Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calc. 483 (1845)

species :

Ruellia taboleirana E.C.O.Chagas & Costa-Lima; Neodiversity 13(1): 51 (2020)

Distribution: Brazil (Alagoas, Rio Grande do Norte, Maranhao)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia tachiadena (Heine & A.Raynal) E.A.Tripp; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 174(1): 122 (2013)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Benoicanthus tachiadenus Heine & A.Raynal; Adansonia, sér. 2, 8: 192 (1968)

species :

Ruellia tarapotana Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier Ser. II. 4: 318 (1904)

Distribution: Peru; N-Brazil (Acre)

83 PER 84 BRA

Conservation Status: IUCN E

species :

Ruellia terminalis (Nees) Wassh.; Cat. Vasc. Pl. Ecuador (Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard., 75): 953 (1999)

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Caldas, Caquetá, Cauca, Chocó, Córdoba, Magdalena, Nariño, Santander, Valle); Ecuador; Peru; N-Brazil (Amazonas)

82 CLM 83 ECU PER 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum terminale (Nees ex Benth.) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 214 (1847)

= Ruellia consocialis Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier Ser. II. 4: 319 (1904)

= Ruellia pennellii Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 100 (1951)

= Ruellia riopalenquensis Wassh.; Selbyana 2(1): 14 (1977)

= Scorodoxylum terminale Nees ex Benth.; Bot. Voy. Sulph. 145 (1844)

variant :

var. grandiflora Wassh.; Fl. Ecuador 89: 259 (2013)

Distribution: Ecuador

83 ECU

variant :

var. pogonicaulis Wassh.; Fl. Ecuador 89: 260 (2013)

Distribution: Ecuador

83 ECU

species :

Ruellia tessmannii Mildbr.; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 9: 267 (1925)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Ruellia tetragona Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 133 (1822)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Lychniothyrsus tetragonus (Link) Bremek.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 75: 669 (1948)

= Dipteracanthus subcapitatus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 723 (1847)

species :

Ruellia tetrastichantha Lindau; Annal. Inst. Fis.-Geog. Costa Rica 8: 300 (1900)

Distribution: Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia; Venezuela (Portuguesa, Trujillo); Ecuador

80 COS NIC PAN 82 CLM VEN 83 ECU

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia tubiflora var. tetrastichantha (Lindau) Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 91 (1951)

= Ruellia tubiflora f. tetrastichantha (Lindau) Wassh.; Fl. Ecuador 89: 270 (2013)

species :

Ruellia togoensis (Lindau) Heine; Kew Bull. 16: 181 (1962)

Distribution: Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin

22 BEN GHA IVO TOG

Synonyms: hidden

= Dischistocalyx togoensis Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 188 (1902)

= Ruellia ardeicollis Benoist; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 61: Mem. 8, 278 (1914 publ. 1917)

= Stenoschista togoensis (Lindau) Bremek.; Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 73: 148 (1943)

species :

Ruellia tolimensis Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 70 (1951)

Distribution: Colombia (Cundinamarca, Tolima)

82 CLM

species :

Ruellia trachyphylla Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 25: Beibl. 60: 46 (1898)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia transitoria Benoist; Notul. Syst., ed. Humbert 12: 3 (1945)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia treubiana Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 310 (1895)

Distribution: Java

42 JAW

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus ventricosus Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 126 (1847)

= Ruellia treubiana var. minor Hochr.; Candollea 5: 229 (1934)

species :

Ruellia tuberosa L.; Sp. Pl. 635 (1753)

Name: Dinamita, Fulminante, Salta perico, Siquitraque (Cuba), Batatilla, Guauci, Lia, Lia huevos, Pensamiento haitiano, Periquito, Tiqui-taque (Dominican Republic), Fleur (s) petard (s), Petit petards, Racine petards, Tiquitaque (Haiti), Duppy gun, Menow weed (Jamaica), Bluebell, Daniel´s great gun, Minnie root, Patate-chandelier, Patate-macaque, Sheep potato, Snapdragon root (Lesser Antilles)

Distribution: Sudan [I]; South Sudan [I]; Kenya [I]; Tanzania [I]; Seychelles [I]; Pakistan [I]; Nepal [I]; India [I] (Andhra Pradesh [I], Haryana [I], Kerala [I], Madhya Pradesh [I], Pondicherry [I], Tamil Nadu [I], Uttar Pradesh [I], Uttarakhand [I]); Sri Lanka [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar [I]; Laos [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; peninsular Malaysia [I]; Sulawesi [I]; Philippines [I]; Lesser Sunda Isl. [I] (Bali [I]); New Guinea [I]; Australia [I] (Northern Territory [I], Queensland [I]); New Caledonia [I]; [Western] Samoa [I] (´Upolu [I], Savai´i [I]); American Samoa [I] (Tutuila [I], Ta´u [I]); Mexico (Campeche, Chihuahua, Quintana Roo, Sonora, San Luis Potosi, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala [I]; Honduras [I]; Panama [I]; Bahamas; Turks & Caicos Isl.; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (Guana, St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola, Virgin Gorda); Anguilla; St. Martin/St. Maarten; St. Barthélémy; Saba; St. Eustatius; St. Kitts; Antigua; Barbuda; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; Grenadines; St. Vincent; Grenada; Barbados; Trinidad & Tobago [I]; Aruba; Bonaire; Curacao; Colombia (Antioquia, Bolívar, Boyacá, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Norte de Santander, San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina, Santander, Sucre, Tolima); Isla Margarita; Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Apure, Aragua, Bolívar, Carabobo, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Guarico, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Nueva Esparta, Portuguesa, Sucre, Tachira, Trujillo, Zulia); Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; French Guiana [I]; Peru

24 ssu sud 25 ken tan 29 sey 40 ban ind nep pak srl 41 cbd lao mya vie 42 lsi mly nwg phi sul 50 aus 60 asa nwc sam 79 MEX 80 gua hon pan 81 ABA AGU ARU BAH BBD BON CAY CUB CUR DOM GDL GRE HIS JAM MAR MTS PUE SAB SBA STE STK STL STM STV TCI trt VEN VIR 82 CLM frg guy sur SWC VEN 83 PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Cryphiacanthus barbadensis Nees; Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1841: [3] (1841), nom. superfl.

= Cryphiacanthus clandestinus (L.) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 156 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus clandestinus (L.) C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 3: 528 (1845)

= Ruellia clandestina L.; Sp. Pl. 634 (1753)

= Ruellia lysimachia Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 198 (1847), nom. inval.

= Ruellia paniculata Scop. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 197 (1847), nom. inval.

= Ruellia picta G.Lodd.; Bot. Cab. 15: t. 1448 (1829), nomen

= Ruellia tuberosa var. humilis M.Gómez; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 23: 281 (1894)

species :

Ruellia tubiflora Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 2: 241 (1817)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Yucatan); Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Amazonas, Antioquia, Bolívar, Casanare, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Huila, Meta, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Santander, Tolima, Valle, Vaupés); Ecuador; Peru

79 MEX 80 COS PAN 82 CLM 83 ECU PER

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Arrhostoxylum hartwegianum Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 209 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus purdieanus (Hook.) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 724 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus tubiflorus (Kunth) Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 128 (1847)

= Ruellia purdieana Hook.; Bot. Mag. 73: t. 4298 (1847)

= Ruellia stuebelii Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 21: 377 (1896)

= Ruellia tubiflora f. alba Leonard; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 31: 93 (1951)

= Ruellia tubiflora f. bicolor Leonard; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 31: 92 (1951)

= Ruellia tubiflora f. caesiolineata Leonard; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 31: 686 (1958)

= Ruellia tubiflora f. flava Leonard; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 31: 92 (1951)

= Ruellia tubiflora var. parviflora Leonard; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 31: 93 (1951)

= Scorodoxylum hartwegianum Nees; Benth., Pl. Hartw. [Bentham] 236 (1846)

species :

Ruellia tubulata (Nees) Pav. ex B.D.Jacks.; Index Kew. 2: 992 (1895)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

Synonyms: hidden

= Stephanophysum tubulatum Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 202 (1847)

species :

Ruellia turbinis Benoist; Notul. Syst., ed. Humbert 10: 249 (1942)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Ruellia tuxtlensis Ramamoorthy & Hornelas; Pl. Syst. Evol., 159(3-4): 162 (1988)

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca, Veracruz)

79 MEX

species :

Ruellia umbrosa M.J.Silva; Phytotaxa 544(1): 82 (2022)

Distribution: Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia uribei Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 108 (1951)

Distribution: Colombia (Caquetá)

82 CLM

species :

Ruellia ventricosa Poir.; Lam., Encycl. 6: 339 (1804)

Distribution: French Guiana

82 FRG

Synonyms: hidden

= Ruellia cayenennsis Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16. 2: 823 (1825)

= Ruellia longifolia Raeusch.; Nomencl. Bot. Pl. Illustr., ed. 3: 180 (1797), nom. illeg.

species :

Ruellia verbasciformis (Nees) C.Ezcurra & D.Zappi; Kew Bull. 51(4): 819 (1996)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Eurychanes verbasciformis Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 52. t. 53 (1847)

species :

Ruellia villanovensis Colla; Herb. Pedem. 4: 507 (1835)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)

84 BRA

species :

Ruellia villosa (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dicliptera villosa Mart. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 200 (1847), pro syn.

= Dipteracanthus vinciformis Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 36 (1847)

= Justicia villosa Mart. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 200 (1847), pro syn.

= Ruellia diffusa (Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 310 (1895), nom. illeg., non Griseb.

= Ruellia villosa Pohl ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 200 (1847)

= Siphonacanthus diffusus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 45. t. 46 (1847)

= Siphonacanthus villosus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 45. t. 46 (1847)

species :

Ruellia vincta Benoist; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 33: 106 (1927)

Distribution: Laos

41 LAO

species :

Ruellia violacea Aubl.; Pl. Gui. 2: 668 (1775)

Distribution: French Guiana

82 FRG

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus violaceus (Nees ex DC.) Lemée; Fl. Guyane Franç. 3: 484 (1953)

= Arrhostoxylum violaceum Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 216 (1847)

species :

Ruellia viridiflora Leonard; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 31: 98 (1951)

Distribution: Colombia (Boyacá)

82 CLM

Conservation Status: Known only from type

species :

Ruellia viscidula (Mart. ex Nees) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 311 (1895)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Ceara, Bahia, Alagoas); WC-Brazil (Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dipteracanthus viscidulus (Mart. ex Schrank) Nees; Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1838: [3] (1839)

= Dipteracanthus viscidulus var. abortivus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 45 (1847)

= Dipteracanthus viscidulus var. glomeratus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 45 (1847)

= Ruellia maranhonis Pohl ex Nees; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 11: 142 (1847)

species :

Ruellia wasshauseniana E.A.Tripp; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 174(1): 122 (2013), nom. nov.

Distribution: Surinam

82 SUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polylychnis ovata Wassh.; Fl. Guianas, ser. A, Phanerogams 23(156): 103 (2006)

species :

Ruellia whitneyana E.A.Tripp; Syst. Bot. 47(4): 1109 (2022)

Distribution: Bolivia

83 BOL

species :

Ruellia woodii C.B.Clarke; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5: 13 (1901)

Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal: Eastern Drakensberg)

27 SAF

species :

Ruellia woolstonii C.Ezcurra; Brittonia 50(3): 339 (1998)

Distribution: Paraguay (Canindeyu, Concepcion, San Pedro)

85 PAR

species :

Ruellia wurdackii Wassh.; Novon 2(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar)

82 VEN

species :

Ruellia yurimaguensis Lindau; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5: 317 (1901)

Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Cochabamba, La Paz, Pando); N-Brazil (Acre, Rondônia)

83 BOL PER 84 BRA

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 24.11 (November 5th, 2024)

Covering 355,576 accepted species,
8,715 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,581 synonyms,
in total 1,412,785* names

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Contact

How to Cite:

Search

+ Family

Filter

Order

Family (26)

Genus (197)

Display options

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 24.11 (November 5th, 2024)

Covering 355,576 accepted species, 8,715 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,581 synonyms, in total 1,412,785* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Covering 355,576 accepted species,
8,715 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,581 synonyms,
in total 1,412,785* names

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]