489.0000
Family
Rubiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. 196 (1789), nom. cons.
589 genera, ca. 14.200 spp. mostly tropics, comparably few temperate. Phylogeny: Razafimandimbison & Rydin (2024)
Species listed in database: 14248; hybrids: 48
= Aparinaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 3, 38 (1813-1829)
= Asperulaceae Cham. ex Spenn.; Handb. Angew. Bot. 2: 493 (1835)
= Catesbaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 111 (1820)
= Cephalanthaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 86 (1820)
= Cinchonaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 234 (1802)
= Coffeaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 233 (1802)
= Coutareaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 168 (1820)
= Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni; Lilloa 17: 253 (1948), nom. cons.
= Galiaceae Lindl.; Nat. Syst. Bot. ed. 2: 249 (1836)
= Gardeniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 29, 32 (1829)
= Guettardaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 235 (1802)
= Hameliaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. 31 (1835)
= Hedyotidaceae Dumort.; Comment. Bot. 57 (1822)
= Henriqueziaceae Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 6 (Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 141): 371 (1957)
= Houstoniaceae Raf.; Good Book 21 (1840)
= Hydrophylacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 318 (1820)
= Lippayaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen.: Tab. Diagn. 156, Comm. 112 (1838)
= Lygodisodeaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl. 123, 207 (1830)
= Naucleaceae Wernham; New Phytol. 11: 225 (1912)
= Nonateliaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 420 (1820)
= Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl. 207 (1818)
= Pagamaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Psychotriaceae F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 49 (1830)
= Randiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 534 (1820)
= Sabiceaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 555 (1820)
= Spermacoceaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 256 (1820)
= Theligonaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 15, 17 (1829), nom. cons.
489.4021
Genus
Rubia L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 109 (1753)
Distribution: West, Central, and Southeast Europe, Mediterranean, trop. and S-Africa, temp. Asia, Himalayas, trop. America
Species listed in database: 86
species :
Rubia aitchisonii
Deb & Malick; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 63: 781 (1967)
Distribution: Afghanistan
34 AFG
Remarks: status uncertain, not recognized in Fl. Iranica
species :
Rubia alaica
Pachom.; Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii 9: 368 (1987)
Distribution: Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan
32 KGZ TZK
species :
Rubia alata
Wall.; Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 1: 384 (1820)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Nepal; India (Sikkim)
36 CHI 40 IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia cordifolia var. longifolia Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7: 1037 (1936)
= Rubia lanceolata Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 25(19): 117 (1908)
species :
Rubia albicaulis
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 53 (1843) et Fl. 3: 18 (1875)
Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran, S-Iran)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia albicaulis var. stenophylla Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 19 (1875)
= Rubia brevicaulis Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 13: 100 (1854)
= Rubia kotschyi Boiss. ex Hohen.; Exsicc. (Pl. Pers. Bor.) 1842: no. 543 (1845)
= Rubia trachyantha Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 6: 70 (1846)
species :
Rubia angustisissima
Wall. ex G.Don; Gen. Syst. 3: 643 (1834), descr.
Distribution: Myanmar (Chin, Sagaing); Laos
41 LAO MYA
species :
Rubia argyi
(H.Lév. & Vaniot) H.Hara ex Lauener; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 32(1): 114 (1972)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Taiwan
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium argyi H.Lév. & Vaniot; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 55: 58 (1908)
= Rubia akane Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 13: 783, in clavi. (1937)
= Rubia akane var. erecta Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 29: 63 (1939)
= Rubia argyi var. pubescens (Nakai) M.Kim; Korean Endemic Pl. 316 (2017)
= Rubia chekiangensis Deb; Bull. Bot. Soc. Beng. 24(1-2): 166 (1970 publ. 1971)
= Rubia cordifolia var. pubescens Nakai; T. Mori, Enum. Pl. Corea 326 (1922)
= Rubia nankotaizana Masam.; Hokuriku J. Bot. 2: 40 (1953)
= Rubia pubescens (Nakai) Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 13: 783 (1937)
species :
Rubia atropurpurea
Decne.; Recherch. Anat. & Physiol. Garance (Mém. Acad. Brux. xii) 61 (1837)
Distribution: India (Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab)
40 IND
species :
Rubia austrozhejiangensis
Z.P.Lei, Y.Y.Zhou & R.W.Wang; Nordic J. Bot. 31(3): 305 (2013)
Distribution: China (Zhejiang)
36 CHI
species :
Rubia balearica
(Willk.) Porta; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 19: 307 (1887)
subspecies :
subsp. balearica
Distribution: Baleares (Mallorca, Ibiza, Cabrera)
12 BAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia peregrina var. balearica Willk.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 25: 110 (1875)
= Rubia balearica (Willk.) G.López; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 53(1): 135 (1995)
subspecies :
subsp. caespitosa
(Font Quer & Marcos) Rosselló, L.Sáez & Mus; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 55(2): 479 (1997)
Distribution: Baleares (Cabrera)
12 BAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia angustifolia subsp. caespitosa (Font Quer & Marcos) Romo; Fl. Silvestres Baleares 284 (1994)
= Rubia angustifolia subsp. caespitosa (Font Quer & Marcos) Rosselló, Mus, N.Torres & Gradaille; Candollea 48(2): 599 (1993)
= Rubia angustifolia var. caespitosa Font Quer & Marcos; Cavanillesia 8: 46 (1936)
= Rubia caespitosa (Font Quer & Marcos) Rosselló; Flora Montiber. 34: 6 (2006)
species :
Rubia caramanica
Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 58B: 290 (1938)
Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Rubia charifolia
Wall. ex G.Don; Gen. Syst. 3: 643 (1834)
Distribution: W-Nepal; India (Bihar, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal)
40 IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia charifolia Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] 211, no. 6210 (1831 publ. 1832), nomen
species :
Rubia chinensis
Regel & Maack; Regel, Tent. Fl.-Ussur. 76 (1861)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye); China (E- & N-China); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia chinensis f. mitis (Miq.) Kitag.; Neolin. Fl. Manshur. 585 (1979)
= Rubia mitis Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 112 (1867)
variant :
var. glabrescens
(Nakai) Kitag.; Lin. Fl. Manshur. 405 (1939)
Distribution: China (NE-China); North Korea; South Korea; Japan
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia chinensis var. pedicellata (Nakai) H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 2: 29 (1950)
= Rubia mitis f. glabrescens Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 14(2): 115 (1938)
= Rubia pedicellata Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 14: 116 (1938)
species :
Rubia chitralensis
Ehrend.; Nyt Mag. Naturvidensk. 3: 228 (1954)
Distribution: Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Wakhan); China (Xinjiang); Pakistan (Chitral)
32 TZK UZB 34 AFG 36 CHI 40 PAK
species :
Rubia clematidifolia
Blume ex Decne.; Nouv. Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 12: 60 (1837)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
species :
Rubia cordifolia
L.; Syst. ed. XII. 229 (1768)
subspecies :
subsp. cordifolia
Distribution: Siberia (Buryatia, Chita); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye); Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Nangarhar, Parwan); China (Anhui, Gansu, Hebei, Hunan, Qinghai, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Kyushu); Pakistan (Swat, Baluchistan, Hazara, Waziristan, Murree, Kurram, N. W. Frontier Prov., Peshawar, Dir, Chitral, Gilgit); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Manipur, Nagaland, Odisha, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Chin, Magway, Mandalay, Shan); Laos; Sumatra; Philippines (Luzon, Mindanao); Java
30 SIB 31 RFE 34 AFG 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO 40 BAN BHU IND NEP PAK SRL 41 LAO MYA 42 JAW PHI SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Dioscorea verticillata Lam.; Encycl. 3: 231 (1789)
= Galium cordifolium (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 119 (1898)
= Rubia clematifolia Reinw. ex Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 338 (1857)
= Rubia cordata Thunb.; Fl. Jap. 60 (1784)
= Rubia cordifolia f. lancifolia Regel; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 4(4): 76 (1861)
= Rubia cordifolia f. pratensis (Maxim.) Kitag.; Neolin. Fl. Manshur. 586 (1979), isonym
= Rubia cordifolia f. pratensis (Maxim.) Regel; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 4(4): 76 (1861)
= Rubia cordifolia f. strigosa Deb & Malick; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 63: 782 (1966)
= Rubia cordifolia subsp. pratensis (Maxim.) Kitag.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 17: 7 (1957)
= Rubia cordifolia var. affinis Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 46: 162 (1877)
= Rubia cordifolia var. alaschanica G.H.Liu; Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Intramongol. 21(4): 570 (1990)
= Rubia cordifolia var. coriacea Z.Y.Zhang; Fl. Tsinling. 1(5): 420, 15 (1985)
= Rubia cordifolia var. javana (DC.) Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 338 (1857)
= Rubia cordifolia var. membranacea Franch. ex Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 279 (1912)
= Rubia cordifolia var. pratensis Maxim.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 139 (1859)
= Rubia hispidicaulis D.G.Long; Edinburgh J. Bot. 53(1): 109 (1996)
= Rubia javana DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 588 (1830)
= Rubia pratensis (Maxim.) Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 13: 783, in clavi (1937)
= Rubia purpurea Decne.; V. Jacquem., Voy. Inde 4: 84 (1844)
= Rubia scandens Zoll. & Moritzi; A. Koord.-Schumach., Syst. Verz. 66 (1911)
= Rubia secunda Moon; Cat. Pl. Ceylon. 10 (1824)
subspecies :
subsp. conotricha
(Gand.) Verdc.; Kew Bull. 30(2): 323 (1975)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; South Sudan; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]
23 BUR RWA ZAI 24 SOM SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 LES SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia conotricha Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 35 (1918)
= Rubia longipetiolata Bullock; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1932: 497 (1932)
species :
Rubia crassipes
Coll. & Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 28: 68 (1890)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); Myanmar; N-Thailand
36 CHI 41 MYA THA
species :
Rubia cretacea
Pojark.; Fl. URSS 23: 721 (1958)
Distribution: Kazakhstan
32 KAZ
species :
Rubia danaensis
Danin; Willdenowia 27(1-2): 163 (1997)
Distribution: Jordania
34 JOR
species :
Rubia davisiana
Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 324, t. 1 (1958)
Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Rubia deserticola
Pojark.; Fl. URSS 23: 722 (1958)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; China (Xinjiang)
32 KAZ KGZ 36 CHI
species :
Rubia discolor
Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 18: 310 (1845)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia braunii Hochst.; Flora (Regensburg) 24(1 Intell. 1): 27 (1841), nomen
= Rubia cordifolia var. discolor (Turcz.) K.Schum.; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C 395 (1895)
species :
Rubia dolichophylla
Schrenk; Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Petersb. 2: 115 (1844)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan (Pribalkhash, Pamir-Alai); Afghanistan (Ghorat); China (Xinjiang); Pakistan (Chitral)
32 KAZ KGZ TZK 34 AFG 36 CHI 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia dolichophylla var. kalshirica Serg.; Fl. Zapadnoi Sibiri 10: 2575 (1939)
species :
Rubia edgeworthii
Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 3: 203 (1881)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); NW-India (Uttarakhand)
36 CHI 40 IND
species :
Rubia falciformis
H.S.Lo; Trop. Subtrop. Bot. 7(1): 23 (1999)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Rubia filiformis
F.C.How ex G.S.Lo; J. Trop. Subtrop. Bot. 7(1): 24 (1999)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Rubia florida
Boiss. ex Hohen.; Exsicc. (Pl. Pers. Bor.) 1842: no. 245 (1845)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, W-Iran)
32 TKM 34 IRN
species :
Rubia fruticosa
Aiton; Hort. Kew. ed. I. 1: 147 (1789)
subspecies :
subsp. fruticosa
Name: Strauchiger Krapp (DE); Tasaigo (ES)
Distribution: Madeira (Madeira Isl., Ilhas Desertas); Islas Selvagens; Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.)
21 CNY MDR SEL
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia canariensis Poir.; Encycl. [J. Lamarck et al.] Suppl. 2: 706 (1812)
= Rubia fruticosa var. angustifolia Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 296 (1891)
= Rubia fruticosa var. pendula Pit.; Iles Canaries [Pitard & Proust] 210 (1909)
= Rubia galioides Poir.; Encycl. [J. Lamarck et al.] Suppl. 2: 705 (1812)
= Rubia gratiosa Menezes; J. Sci. Mat. Fis. Nat. Lisboa, 24 (Ser. 3, vol. 5): 186 (1927)
= Rubia scabra Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 59 (1796), nom. superfl.
subspecies :
subsp. melanocarpa
(Bornm.) Bramwell; Cuad. Bot. Canaria 11: 20 (1970)
Name: Schwarzfrüchtiger Krapp (DE); Tasaigo negro (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (La Gomera, Tenerife, Gran Canaria)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia fruticosa var. melanocarpa Bornm.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 390 (1903)
= Rubia melanocarpa (Bornm.) Svent.; Index Sem. (ORT) 1970: 41 (1971)
subspecies :
subsp. periclymenum
(Schenck) Sunding; Monogr. Biol. Canar. 3: 70 (1972)
Name: Geißblattartiger Krapp (DE); Tasaigo trepador (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (La Palma, La Gomera, Tenerife, Gran Canaria)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia fruticosa var. periclymenum Schenck; Wiss. Ergebn. Deutsch. Valdivia 362 (1907)
species :
Rubia garrettii
Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1933: 29 (1933)
Distribution: N-Myanmar; N-Thailand
41 MYA THA
species :
Rubia gedrosiaca
Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 59B: 297 (1939)
Distribution: Iran (S-Iran); Afghanistan (Wakhan, Balkh, Bamyan, Faryab, Ghazni, Ghorat, Herat, Kabul, Wardak, Parwan); Pakistan (Chitral, Baluchistan)
34 AFG IRN 40 PAK
species :
Rubia haematantha
Airy Shaw; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 450 (1931)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Rubia hangii
L.E Yang & Z.L.Nie; Phytotaxa 291(1): 48 (2017)
Distribution: China (Guangxi)
36 CHI
species :
Rubia hexaphylla
(Makino) Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 4: 9 (1927)
Distribution: North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)
38 JAP KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia cordifolia var. hexaphylla Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 18: 144 (1904)
= Rubia cordifolia subsp. hexaphylla (Makino) Kitag.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 17: 7 (1957)
species :
Rubia himalayensis
Klotzsch; Bot. Ergebn. Reise Waldemar [Klotzsch & Garcke] 86 (1862)
Distribution: Pakistan (Quetta, Baluchistan); N-India (Jammu & Kashmir)
40 IND PAK
species :
Rubia horrida
(Thunb.) Puff; Kew Bull. 32(2): 432 (1978)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 ZIM 27 BOT LES NAM SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium horridum Thunb.; G. F. Hoffmann, Phytogr. Blume1: 16 (1803)
= Rubia petiolaris var. heterophylla Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 3: 37 (1865)
species :
Rubia infundibularis
Hemsl. & Lace; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 28: 324 (1891)
Distribution: E-Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Paktia / Khost); Oman; Pakistan (Swat, Quetta, Baluchistan, Waziristan, Kurram, N. W. Frontier Prov., Hazara, Murree, Salt Range); NW-India (Punjab, Poonch)
34 AFG 35 OMA 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia albicaulis f. infundibularis (Hemsl. & Lace) Deb & Malick; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 63: 783 (1966)
= Rubia kurramensis Nazim.; Fl. Pakistan, 190: 44 (1989)
species :
Rubia jesoensis
(Miq.) Miyabe & Kudô; Fl. Hokkaido 291 (1915)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); North Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)
31 RFE 38 JAP NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium jesoense Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 112 (1867)
= Rubia tatarica var. grandis F.Schmidt; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 12(2): 144 (1868)
= Rubia grandis (F.Schmidt) Kom.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 25: 487 (1907)
species :
Rubia komarovii
Pojark.; Fl. URSS 23: 724 (1958)
Distribution: Tajikistan
32 TZK
species :
Rubia krascheninnikovii
Pojark.; Fl. URSS 23: 724 (1958)
Distribution: Siberia (W-Siberia); Kazakhstan
30 SIB 32 KAZ
species :
Rubia laevissima
Tschern.; Fl. Uzbekist. 5: 558, 643 (1961)
Distribution: Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan
32 KGZ UZB
species :
Rubia latipetala
H.S.Lo; J. Trop. Subtrop. Bot. 7(1): 23 (1999)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Rubia laurae
(Holmboe) Airy Shaw; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 343 (1937)
Distribution: Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus, SW-Cyprus, N-Cyprus)
34 CYP
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium laurae Holmboe; Bergens Mus. Skr. n. s. 1: 171 (1914)
species :
Rubia laxiflora
Gontsch.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 11: 163 (1949)
Distribution: Tajikistan (Pamir-Alai); Afghanistan (Takhar)
32 TZK 34 AFG
species :
Rubia linii
J.M.Chao; Biol. Bull. Natl. Taiwan Norm. Univ. 1: 48 (1966)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Rubia magna
P.K.Hsiao; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23: 390 (1985)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Rubia mandersii
Coll. & Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 28: 68 (1890)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan); Myanmar; N-Thailand
36 CHI 41 MYA THA
species :
Rubia manjith
Roxb. ex Fleming; As. Research. 11: 177 (1810)
Distribution: China (Yunnan, Sichuan, Qinghai); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia cordifolia f. rubra Kitam.; F. & Fl. Nep. Him. 232 (1955), nom. non rite publ.
= Rubia cordifolia f. tetramera Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 21: 162 (1907)
= Rubia cordifolia var. khasiana G.Watt; Calc. Exhib. Cat. Pt. 2: 54 (1889)
= Rubia cordifolia var. munjista (Roxb.) Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 111 (1867)
= Rubia mungith Roxb. ex Desv.; J. Bot. [Desvaux] 1814(2): 207 (1814)
= Rubia munjista Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 10 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 1: 383 (1820), Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 1: 374 (1832)
= Rubia munjith Roxb. ex Playfair; Taleef Shareef 150 (1833)
species :
Rubia maymanensis
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Fl. Iranica 176: 55 (2005)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Faryab)
34 AFG
species :
Rubia membranacea
Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 279 (1912)
Distribution: China (Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia membranacea var. caudata Z.Y.Zhang; Fl. Tsinling. 1(5): 421, 17 (1985)
= Rubia membranacea var. incurvata Z.Y.Zhang; Fl. Tsinling. 1(5): 421, 17 (1985)
species :
Rubia occidens
Capelo, M.Seq. & H.Schaef.; Silva Lusitana 21(2): 236 (2014), nom. nov.
Name: Westlicher Krapp (DE); Azaigo de risco (ES)
Distribution: S-Spain; Morocco; Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.)
12 SPA 20 MOR 21 AZO CNY MDR
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia agostinhoi Dans. & P.Silva; Agron. Lusit. 16(1): 62 (1974)
= Rubia peregrina subsp. agostinhoi (Dans. & P.Silva) Valdés Berm. & G.López; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 34(1): 168 (1977)
= Rubia peregrina var. azorica Tutin & E.F.Warb.; J. Bot. 70: 10 (1932)
species :
Rubia oncotricha
Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7: 1031 (1936)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Rubia oppositifolia
Griff.; Itin. Notes (Posthum. Pap. 2): 356 (1848), emend. Ehrend. 1959
Distribution: Afghanistan (Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Paktia / Khost)
34 AFG
species :
Rubia ovatifolia
Z.Y.Zhang ex Q.Lin; J. Wuhan Bot. Res. 24(3): 212 (2006)
Distribution: China (Shanxi, Gansu, Zhejiang, Hunan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia ovatifolia Z.Y.Zhang; Fl. Tsinling. 1(5): 420, 15 (1985)
= Rubia ovatifolia var. oligantha H.S.Lo; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 71(2): 338 (1999)
species :
Rubia pallida
Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 277 (1912)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Rubia pauciflora
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 54 (1843)
Distribution: Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran, S-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Rubia pavlovii
Bajtenov & Myrz.; Fl. Rast. Res. Kaz. 179 (1975)
Distribution: Kazakhstan
32 KAZ
species :
Rubia peregrina
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 109 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. peregrina
Name: Kletten-Krapp (DE)
Distribution: England; Ireland; Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Albania; European Turkey; Greece (lowlands of C- & S-Greece, incl. many islands); Crete; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Kos, Karpathos, Rhodos); Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, WN-Anatolia)
10 GRB IRE 11 ger 12 ADO BAL CIS COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB CRO GRC ITA KRI PEL PTL SIC SLV SMA TUE 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium peregrinum (L.) Franch.; Fl. Loir-et-Cher 260 (1885)
= Rubia anglica Huds.; Fl. Angl. 54 (1762)
= Rubia angustifolia L.; Mant. Pl. 39 (1767)
= Rubia angustifolia subsp. requienii (Duby) Cardona & Sierra; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 37(2): 572 (1980 publ. 1981)
= Rubia aucheri K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 463 (1851), nom. illeg.
= Rubia barcinonensis Sennen; Bol. Soc. Iber. Ci. Nat. 27: 148 (1928)
= Rubia bocconii Petagna; Inst. Bot. 2: 255 (1787)
= Rubia clementii Sennen; Bol. Soc. Iber. Ci. Nat. 27: 146 (1928)
= Rubia dalmatica Scheele; Linnaea 17: 342 (1843)
= Rubia erratica Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 2: 327 (1899)
= Rubia fontqueri Sennen; Bol. Soc. Iber. Ci. Nat. 27: 147 (1928)
= Rubia grandifolia Sennen; Bol. Soc. Iber. Ci. Nat. 27: 145 (1928)
= Rubia linearifolia Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 5: 32 (1921)
= Rubia lucida L.; Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 2: 732 (1767)
= Rubia lucida var. pubescens Lange; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1861: 110 (1862)
= Rubia peregrina subsp. angustifolia (L.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 31: 41 (1884)
= Rubia peregrina subsp. requienii (Duby) Cardona & Sierra; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 37: 572 (1980 publ. 1981)
= Rubia peregrina var. angustifolia (L.) Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 12 (1850)
= Rubia peregrina var. bocconei (Petagna) Rouy & E.G.Camus; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 2 (1903)
= Rubia peregrina var. dalmatica (Scheele) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 323 (1879)
= Rubia peregrina var. intermedia Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 13 (1850)
= Rubia peregrina var. latifolia Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 13 (1850), nom. superfl.
= Rubia peregrina var. lucida (L.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 323 (1879), isonym
= Rubia peregrina var. lucida (L.) Webb & Berthel.; Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries (Phytogr.) 3(2
= Rubia peregrina var. requienii (Duby) Cardona; Lagascalia 4: 218 (1974)
= Rubia peregrina var. rotundifolia Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 7: 199 (1924)
= Rubia peregrina var. splendens (Hoffmanns. & Link) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 323 (1879)
= Rubia reiseri Halácsy ex Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30(2): 476 (1930)
= Rubia requienii Duby; Bot. Gall., ed. 2, 1: 247 (1830)
= Rubia splendens Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 67 (1824)
subspecies :
subsp. longifolia
(Poir.) O.Bolòs; Simpos. Fl. Eur. 5: 84 (1969)
Distribution: Spain; Baleares; France; Canary Isl. (Fuerteventura)
12 BAL FRA SPA 21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia peregrina var. longifolia (Poir.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 3 (1903)
= Rubia peregrina subsp. longifolia (Poir.) Valdés Berm. & G.López; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 34(1): 168 (1977), isonym
= Rubia longifolia Poir.; Encycl. [J. Lamarck et al.] Suppl. 2: 705 (1812)
species :
Rubia petiolaris
DC.; Prod. 4: 588 (1830)
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]
27 LES SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia petiolaris var. isophylla Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 3: 35 (1865)
species :
Rubia philippinensis
Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 9: 3214 (1934)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
species :
Rubia pianmaensis
R.Li & H.Li; Phytotaxa 140(1): 51 (2013)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Rubia podantha
Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 277 (1912)
Distribution: China (W-Guangxi, W-Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia nephrophylla Deb; Bull. Bot. Soc. Beng., 24(1-2): 163 (1970 publ. 1971)
species :
Rubia polyphlebia
H.S.Lo; J. Trop. Subtrop. Bot. 7(1): 22 (1999)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Rubia pseudogalium
Ehrend.; Novon 20(3): 268 (-270, fig. 1) (2010)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Rubia pterygocaulis
H.S.Lo; J. Trop. Subtrop. Bot. 7(1): 22 (1999)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Rubia rechingeri
Ehrend.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 213 (1948)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Iran (NE-Iran: Mts.)
32 TKM 34 IRN
species :
Rubia regelii
Pojark.; Fl. URSS 23: 723 (1958)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan
32 KAZ KGZ UZB
species :
Rubia rezniczenkoana
Litv.; Trav. Mus. Bot. Acad. Petersb. 7: 75 (1910)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; China (Xinjiang)
32 KAZ 36 CHI
species :
Rubia rigidifolia
Pojark.; Fl. URSS 23: 726 (1958)
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Iran (N-Iran, W-Iran)
33 ARM AZE 34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia albocostata Ehrend.; K. Danske Vid. Selsk., Biol. Skrift. 10: No. 3 (Symb. Afghan. IV.) 138 (1959)
species :
Rubia rotundifolia
Banks & Sol.; Russell, Nat. Hist. Aleppo ed. 2, 2: 267 (1794)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains)
34 LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia aucheri Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 54 (1843)
species :
Rubia salicifolia
H.S.Lo; J. Trop. Subtrop. Bot. 7(1): 24 (1999)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Guangdong, ?Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Rubia schugnanica
B.Fedtsch. ex Pojark.; Fl. URSS 23: 725 (1958)
Distribution: Tajikistan (Pamir); China (Xinjiang)
32 TZK 36 CHI
species :
Rubia schumanniana
E.Pritz.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 583 (1901)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia chinensis var. esquirolii (H.Lév.) H.Lév.; Cat. Pl. Yun-Nan 248 (1917)
= Rubia cordifolia var. leiocaulis Franch. ex Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 277 (1912)
= Rubia cordifolia var. maillardii (H.Lév. & Vaniot) H.Lév.; Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 371 (1915)
= Rubia esquirolii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 439 (1912)
= Rubia leiocaulis Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 277 (1912)
= Rubia maillardii H.Lév. & Vaniot; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: p. cxlv. (1907)
= Rubia schumanniana var. maillardii (H.Lév. & Vaniot) Hand.-Mazz.; Sinensia 5: 22 (1934)
species :
Rubia siamensis
Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1911: 397 (1911)
Distribution: China (SW-Yunnan); Myanmar; N-& E-Thailand
36 CHI 41 MYA
species :
Rubia sikkimensis
Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 43(2): 188 (1874)
Distribution: Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal, Assam, Manipur, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal); Myanmar
40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA
species :
Rubia sylvatica
(Maxim.) Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 13: 783 (1937)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Amur); China (NE-China, N-China, NW-China, Sichuan)
31 RFE 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia cordifolia f. sylvatica (Maxim.) Regel; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 4(4): 76 (1861)
= Rubia cordifolia var. sylvatica Maxim.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 140 (1859)
species :
Rubia tatarica
(Trevis.) F.Schmidt; Mém. Acad. Sci. Pétersb. Ser. 7, 12(2): 143 (1868)
Distribution: S-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus
14 KRY RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ 33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium tataricum Trevir.; Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 7: 146 (1815)
species :
Rubia tenuifolia
d´Urv.; Enum. 17 (1822)
subspecies :
subsp. tenuifolia
Name: Zartblättriger Krapp (DE); Thin-leaved Madder (EN)
Distribution: European Turkey; Greece (scattered C- & S-Greece, Kiklades, Thasos, Samothraki, Mt. Athos, Ionian Isl.); Crete; Libya; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey
13 GRC KRI TUE 20 LBY 34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia olivieri subvar. tenuifolia (d´Urv.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 323 (1879)
= Rubia cretica Scheele; Linnaea 17: 342 (1843)
= Rubia olivieri A.Rich. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 590 (Sept. 1830)
= Rubia olivieri var. cretica (Scheele) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 323 (1879)
subspecies :
subsp. brachypoda
(Boiss.) Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 133: 111 (1979)
Distribution: Greece (Aegaean Isl.); Crete; East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey; Cyprus; Lebanon; Syria; Palestine
13 GRC KRI 34 CYP EAI LEB PAL SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia brachypoda Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 10: 57 (1849)
= Rubia olivieri subsp. brachypoda (Boiss.) Holmboe; Stud. Veg. Cyprus 172 (1914)
= Rubia olivieri var. elliptica Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 18 (1875)
= Rubia tenuifolia var. brachypoda (Boiss.) J.Thiébaut; Mém. Inst. Égypt. 40: 186 (1940)
= Rubia tenuifolia var. elliptica (Boiss.) Ehrend.; Ark. Bot. 5: 404 (1959), no full basionym ref.
= Rubia velutina Nábelek; Spisy Prír. Fak. Masarykovy Univ. 35: 132 (1923)
subspecies :
subsp. doniettii
(Griseb.) Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 133(1-2): 112 (1979)
Name: Donietti-Krapp (DE); Donietti´s Madder (EN)
Distribution: Somalia; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)
24 SOM 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia brachypoda var. stenophylla Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 10: 57 (1849)
= Rubia doniettii Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 156 (1844)
= Rubia olivieri subsp. doniettii (Griseb.) Holmboe; Bergens Mus. Skr., n. s. 1: 173 (1914)
= Rubia olivieri var. eburnea Nábelek; Spisy Prír. Fak. Masarykovy Univ. 35: 134 (1923)
= Rubia olivieri var. stenophylla (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 18 (1875)
= Rubia tenuifolia subsp. stenophylla (Boiss.) Ehrend.; Rech.f., Fl. Lowland Iraq 569 (1964)
= Rubia tenuifolia var. stenophylla (Boiss.) J.Thiébaut; Mém. Inst. Égypt. 40: 186 (1940)
species :
Rubia tenuis
H.S.Lo; J. Trop. Subtrop. Bot. 7(1): 24 (1999), nom. illeg.
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Rubia thunbergii
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 590 (1830)
Distribution: South Africa (Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium thunbergii (DC.) Druce; Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 4: 624 (1917), non G. thunbergianum
= Rubia laevis Thunb.; Fl. Cap. [Thunberg], ed. 2: 151 (1823), nom. illeg.
species :
Rubia tibetica
Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 3: 204 (1881)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Baghlan, Bamyan, Ghazni, Ghorat, Kunar / Nuristan, Wardak, Paktia / Khost. Parwan); China (Xinjiang); W-Tibet; Pakistan (Chitral, Karakorum); India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Zanskar)
32 KAZ KGZ TZK 34 AFG 36 CHI TIB 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia transalaica O.Fedtsch. & B.Fedtsch.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 28: 22 (1908)
species :
Rubia tinctorum
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 109 (1753)
Name: Echter Krapp (DE); Madder (EN)
Distribution: Netherlands [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Austria [I]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; Portugal [I]; Spain [I]; Baleares [I]; France [I]; Sardinia [I]; Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; ?Albania; Bulgaria [I]; European Turkey; Greece (rare mainland, Aegaean Isl.); Crete; S-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco [I]; Algeria [I]; Tunisia [I]; Libya [I]; Kazakhstan [I]; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Samos, Kos, Karpathos, Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (EC-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Balkh, Faryab, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria); Israel (Rift Valley); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); China (Xinjiang); Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan, Chitral, Baltistan); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir); USA [I] (California [I], Massachusetts [I], Nevada [I], New York [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Utah [I]); Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Metropolitana de Santiago [I])
11 aut ger hun net slo swi 12 bal fra por sar spa 13 bul CRO GRC ITA KRI SIC SLV TUE 14 KRY RUS UKR 20 alg lby mor tun 32 kaz KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 36 CHI 40 IND PAK 73 usa 75 usa 76 usa 85 arg cle
Remarks: native area quite uncertain; most records from SC- and SE-Europe to Greece are probably escaped
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium rubia E.H.L.Krause; Sturm, Fl. Deutschland, ed. 2, 12: 216 (1904), nom. illeg.
= Rubia acaliculata Cav.; Icon. 2: 75 (1793)
= Rubia iberica (Fisch. ex DC.) K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 463 (1851)
= Rubia peregrina subsp. tinctorum (L.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 138 (1894)
= Rubia sativa Guadagno; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital., 31 (1914)
= Rubia sylvestris Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. 8: 2 (1768)
= Rubia tinctoria Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 59 (1796), nom. superfl.
= Rubia tinctorum f. petiolaris Sommier & Levier; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 203 (1900)
= Rubia tinctorum var. culta Alef.; Landw. Fl. 167 (1866)
= Rubia tinctorum var. grandifolia K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 463 (1851)
= Rubia tinctorum var. iberica Fisch. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 589 (1830)
= Rubia tinctorum var. latifolia Texidor; Revista Progr. Ci. Exact. 18: 617 (1868)
= Rubia tinctorum var. pubescens Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 2: 405 (1844)
= Rubia tinctorum var. sativa Pollini; Fl. Veron. 1: 165 (1822)
species :
Rubia transcaucasica
Grossh.; Trans. Geo-Bot. Invest. Pasturelands, Aserbaijan, Ser. A. Pt. 3, 70 (1929)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan
33 AZE GEO
species :
Rubia trichocarpa
H.S.Lo; J. Trop. Subtrop. Bot. 7(1): 23 (1999)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Rubia truppeliana
Loes.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 37(2): 183 (1919)
Distribution: China (Shandong)
36 CHI
species :
Rubia urceolata
X.F.Wang & C.H.Wang; Phytotaxa 357(3): 221 (2018)
Distribution: China (Hubei)
36 CHI
species :
Rubia wallichiana
Decne.; Recher. Garance 61 (1837)
Distribution: China (Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Hongkong, Hainan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)
36 CHI 40 BHU IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia asperrima Decne.; Recherch. Anat. & Physiol. Garance (Mém. Acad. Brux. xii) 61 (1837)
species :
Rubia yunnanensis
Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 278 (1912)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia sikkimensis var. yunnanensis Franch. ex Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 278 (1912)
= Rubia ustulata Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 278 (1912)
