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495.0000 Family Apocynaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 143 (1789), nom. cons.
372 genera, ca. 6500 spp. According to modern authors and PCR Asclepiadaceae is only a subfamily of Apocynaceae.
Species listed in database: 6680; hybrids: 9
= Asclepiadaceae Borkh.; Bot. Wörterb. 1: 31 (1797), nom. cons.
= Carissaceae Bertol; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 23: 212 (1891)
= Cerberaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 119 (1820)
= Cynanchaceae G.Mey.; Chloris Han. 245, 251 (1836)
= Ophioxylaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 24 (1835)
= Pacouriaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Periplocaceae Schltr.; Nachtr. Fl. Schutzgeb. Südsee [Schumann & Lauterbach] 351 (1905), nom. cons.
= Plumeriaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 70 (1834)
= Stapeliaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 70 (1834)
= Vincaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 299 (1818)
= Willughbeaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 256 (1858)
495.2023 Genus Plumeria Tourn. ex L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 209 (1753)
Distribution: Tropical and subtrop. America, Caribbean
Species listed in database: 19; hybrids: 1
species :
Plumeria alba L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 210 (1753)
Name: Alheli, Alheli blanco, Alheli cimarrón, Tabaiba, Tabeiba, Tapaiba, Nosegay tree, White paucipan, White Frangipani
Distribution: Burkina Faso [I]; Cameroon [I]; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo] [I]; Mozambique [I]; Madagascar [I]; India [c]; Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives] [I]; Maldives [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; New Caledonia [I]; Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I]); Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (Anegada, Guana, Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola, Virgin Gorda); Anguilla; St. Martin/St. Maarten; St. Barthélémy; Saba; St. Eustatius; Antigua; Barbuda; Guadeloupe; Marie-Galante; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; Grenadines; St. Vincent; Grenada; Barbados; Trinidad & Tobago [I]
22 bkn 23 bio cmn 26 moz 29 mdg 40 ban ind ldv mdv 41 cbd mya vie 42 jaw phi 60 nwc 61 sci 81 ABA AGU BBD DOM GDL GRE MAR PUE SAB SBA STE STL STM STV trt VIR
Synonyms: hidden
= Plumeria alba var. jacquiniana A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 392 (1844)
= Plumeria hypoleuca var. angustifolia Gasp.; Ann. Civili Regno Due Sicilie 1: 122 (1833)
= Plumeria revolutifolia Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 1: 501 (1812)
species :
Plumeria clusioides Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 171 (1866)
Name: Lirio de sabana (Cuba)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
species :
Plumeria ekmanii Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 9: 239 (1924)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Plumeria clusioides var. parviflora M.Gómez; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 23: 273 (1894)
species :
Plumeria emarginata Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 171 (1866)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
species :
Plumeria filifolia Griseb.; Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 8: 519 (1863)
Name: Lirio de costa (Cuba)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Plumeria stenophylla Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 9: 237 (1924)
species :
Plumeria inodora Jacq.; Enum. Syst. Pl. 13 (1760)
Distribution: Panama; Colombia (Vichada); Isla Margarita; Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar, Merida, Nueva Esparta); Guyana
80 PAN 81 VEN 82 CLM GUY VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Plumeria alba var. fragrans Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 3: 230 (1819)
= Plumeria alba var. fragrantissima G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 94 (1838)
= Plumeria alba var. inodora (Jacq.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 94 (1838)
species :
Plumeria krugii Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 1: 387 (1899)
Distribution: Puerto Rico
81 PUE
species :
Plumeria lanata Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 42: 504 (1915)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Plumeria pilosula Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 9: 238 (1924)
species :
Plumeria magna Zanoni & M.M.Mejía; Moscosoa 5: 89 (1989)
Name: Aleli, Palo de gusano (Dominican Republic)
Distribution: Dominican Republic
81 HIS
species :
Plumeria mariaelenae J.F.Gut. & J.Linares; Int. Cact. Advent. 69: 4 (2006)
Distribution: Honduras
80 HON
species :
Plumeria montana Britton & P.Wilson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 50: 46 (1923)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
species :
Plumeria obtusa L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 210 (1753)
Name: Alheli cimarrón, Alheli montuno, Alheli de Mona, Singapore graveyard flower
Distribution: China [I] (Guangdong [I], Guangxi [I], Hainan [I], S-Yunnan [I]); Pakistan [I]; India [I] (widespread); Maldives [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; Borneo [I]; Brunei [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; N-Line Isl. [I] (Teraina [I], Tabueran [I], Kiritimati [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (widespread, incl. Rarotonga [I]); Tuamotu Arch. [I] (Takapoto Atoll [I]); Palau [I] (Koror [I]); Northern Marianas [I] (Rota [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Pohnpei [I]); Marshall Isl. [I] (Kwajalein [I]); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Michoacán, Nayarit, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Bahamas; Turks & Caicos Isl.; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico
36 chi 40 ban ind mdv pak 41 cbd mya tha vie 42 bor brn jaw phi 61 coo lin tua 62 gum mic mrn mrs plu 79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA HON 81 BAH CAY CUB HIS JAM PUE TCI
Synonyms: hidden
= Plumeria apiculata Urb.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 16: 36 (1919)
= Plumeria bahamensis Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 1: 387 (1899)
= Plumeria barahonensis Urb.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14: 341 (1916)
= Plumeria beatensis Urb.; Dansk Bot. Ark. 4: No. 7, 9 (1924)
= Plumeria bicolor Seem.; Bot. Voy. Herald [Seemann] 168 (1854)
= Plumeria cayensis Urb.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 21: 218 (1925)
= Plumeria confusa Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 42: 505 (1915)
= Plumeria cubensis Urb.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 21: 219 (1925)
= Plumeria cuneifolia Helwig; Ark. Bot. 22A(10): 44 (1929)
= Plumeria estrellensis Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 9: 240 (1924)
= Plumeria inaguensis Britton; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 3: 4481 (1905)
= Plumeria jamaicensis Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 37: 356 (1910), nom. illeg.
= Plumeria marchii Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 3: 334 (1902)
= Plumeria nipensis Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 42: 505 (1915)
= Plumeria nivea Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: 4 (1768)
= Plumeria obtusa var. laevis Griseb.; Pl. Wright. [Grisebach] 2: 519 (1862)
= Plumeria obtusa var. parviflora Griseb.; Pl. Wright. [Grisebach] 2: 519 (1862)
= Plumeria ostenfeldii Urb.; Dansk Bot. Ark. 4: No. 7, 8 (1924)
= Plumeria parvifolia Donn.Sm.; Hort. Cantabrig., ed. 6: 64 (1811)
= Plumeria portoricensis Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 1: 387 (1899)
= Plumeria tenorei Gazparr.; Ann. Civili Regno Due Sicilie 1: 123 (1833)
= Plumeria versicolor Dehnh.; Cat. Horti Camald., ed. 2: 23 (1832)
species :
Plumeria pudica Jacq.; Enum. Syst. Pl. 13 (1760)
Distribution: Panama; Cayman Isl. [I]; Trinidad & Tobago [I]; Bonaire / Curacao [I]; Colombia (Atlántico, La Guajira, Magdalena); Isla Margarita [I]; Venezuela (Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Merida, Nueva Esparta, Sucre)
80 PAN 81 bon cay trt ven 82 CLM VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Plumeria caracasana J.R.Johnst.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12: 108 (1908)
= Plumeria cochleata S.F.Blake; Contr. Gray Herb. 53: 47 (1918)
species :
Plumeria rubra L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 209 (1753)
Name: Alheli, Alheli roje, Red paucipan, Templetree
Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. [I]; Guinea [I]; Burkina Faso [I]; Benin [I]; Cameroon [I]; São Tomé [I]; Chad [I]; Mozambique [I]; St. Helena [I]; Madagascar [I]; Mozambique Channel Isl. [Îles Éparses] [c] (Juan de Nova Isl. [c]); China [I] (Fujian [I], Guangdong [I], Guangxi [I], Hainan [I], Yunnan [I]); Taiwan [I]; Bhutan [I]; India [I] (widespread); Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives] [I]; Maldives [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Andaman Isl. [I]; Nicobar Isl. [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Laos [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; Philippines [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Lesser Sunda Isl. [I] (Bali [I]); New Caledonia [I]; Rotuma Isl. [I]; Tonga [I]; Tonga [I]; Niue [I]; Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; Tuvalu [I] (Nui Atoll [I]); Tokelau [I] (Swains Isl. [I]); Gilbert Isl. (Tarawa [I], Nonouti [I]); Nauru [I]; N-Line Isl. [I] (Teraina [I], Tabueran [I], Kiritimati [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (widespread, incl. Rarotonga [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I], Raiatea [I], Huahine [I], Tetiaroa Atoll [I]); Tuamotu Arch. (Makatea Isl. [I]); Tuamotu Arch. [I] (Rangiroa Atoll [I], Takapoto Atoll [I]); Palau (Koror [I], Sonsorol [I], Tobi [I]); Northern Marianas (Anatahan [I], Rota [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia (Ulithi [I], Fais [I], Eauripik [I], Woleai [I], Faraulep [I], Ifalik [I], Lamotrek [I], Satawal [I], Puluwat [I], Namonuito [I], Nomwin [I], Truk [I], Moen [I], Dublon [I], Uman [I], Piis [I], Nama [I], Namoluk [I], Etal [I], Satawan [I], Nukuoro [I], Kapingamarangi [I], Pohnpei [I], Mokil [I], Pingelap [I], Kosrae [I]); Marshall Isl. [I] (Utirik [I], Ujae [I], Lae [I], Kwajalein [I], Ailuk [I], Jemo [I], Likiep [I], Arno [I], Ailinglapalap [I], Majuro [I], Arno [I], Jaluit [I]); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Bahamas [c]; Cuba [c]; Cayman Isl. [c]; Jamaica [c]; Hispaniola [c]; Puerto Rico [c]; Virgin Isl. [c] (St. Croix [c], St. John [c], St. Thomas [c], Tortola [c], Virgin Gorda [c]); St. Martin/St. Maarten [c]; St. Barthélémy [c]; Saba [c]; St. Eustatius [c]; St. Kitts [c]; Guadeloupe [c]; Dominica [c]; Martinique [c]; St. Lucia [c]; Grenadines [c]; St. Vincent [c]; Grenada [c]; Trinidad [c]; Colombia [I]; Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; French Guiana [I]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]; Brazil [I]; Argentina [I]
21 cvi 22 ben bkn gui 23 cmn sao 24 cha 26 moz 28 sth 29 mdg 36 chi 38 tai 40 ban bhu ind ldv mdv 41 and cbd lao mya ncb tha vie 42 jaw lsi phi 60 fij GIL nru nue nwc rot tok ton tuv 61 coo lin sci TUA 62 gum MIC MRN mrs PLU 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 bah cay cub dom gdl gre his jam mar pue sab sba ste stk stl stm stv trt vir 82 clm frg guy sur 83 bol ecu per 84 bra 85 arg
Synonyms: hidden
= Plumeria acuminata W.T.Aiton; Hort. Kew., ed. 2 [W.T.Aiton] 2: 70 (1811)
= Plumeria acutifolia Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 2: 667 (1812)
= Plumeria acutifolia var. gasparrinii A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 393 (1844)
= Plumeria angustifolia A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 394 (1844)
= Plumeria arborea Noronha; Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunst. 5, Art. 4: 23 (1790)
= Plumeria arborescens G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 93 (1837)
= Plumeria aurantia Endl.; Parad. Vindob. [Hartinger] t. 50 (1846)
= Plumeria aurantia Lodd. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 94 (1837)
= Plumeria aurantiaca Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 357 (1841)
= Plumeria bicolor Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 2: 21 (1799)
= Plumeria blandfordiana Lodd. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 94 (1837)
= Plumeria carinata Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 2: 21 (1799)
= Plumeria conspicua G.Don; Hort. Brit. [Loudon] 68 (1830)
= Plumeria gouanii D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 94 (1837)
= Plumeria incarnata Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: 2 (1768)
= Plumeria incarnata var. milleri (G.Don) A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 390 (1844)
= Plumeria jamesonii Hook.; Bot. Mag. 79: t. 4751 (1853)
= Plumeria kerrii G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 93 (1837)
= Plumeria kunthiana Kostel.; Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 3: 1067 (1834)
= Plumeria lambertiana Lindl.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 16: t. 1378 (1830)
= Plumeria loranthifolia Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(1): 42 (1860)
= Plumeria lutea Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 2: 21 (1799)
= Plumeria macrophylla Lodd. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 94 (1837)
= Plumeria megaphylla A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 391 (1844)
= Plumeria mexicana Lodd.; Bot. Cab. 11: t. 1024 (1825)
= Plumeria milleri G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 93 (1837)
= Plumeria mollis Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 3: 230 (1819)
= Plumeria northiana Lodd. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 94 (1837)
= Plumeria purpurea Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 2: 20 (1799)
= Plumeria rubra f. acuminata (W.T.Aiton) Woodson; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 25: 211 (1938)
= Plumeria rubra f. acutifolia (Poir.) Woodson; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 25: 211 (1938)
= Plumeria rubra f. lutea (Ruiz & Pav.) Woodson; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 25: 211 (1938)
= Plumeria rubra f. tricolor (Ruiz & Pav.) Woodson; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 25: 211 (1938)
= Plumeria rubra var. acuminata (W.T.Aiton) R.S.Rao & Balamani; J. Indian Bot. Soc. 63: 227 (1984)
= Plumeria tricolor Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 2: 20 (1799)
species :
Plumeria sericifolia C.Wright ex Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 171 (1866)
Name: Lirio de costa (Cuba)
Distribution: USA (Florida); Mexico (Campeche, Quintana Roo, Veracruz, Yucatan); Belize; Cuba
78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ 81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Plumeria hypoleuca Gasp.; Ann. Civili Regno Due Sicilie 1: 122 (1833)
= Plumeria multiflora Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 8: 33 (1930)
= Plumeria obtusa var. sericifolia (C.Wright ex Griseb.) Woodson; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 25: 214 (1938)
= Plumeria tuberculata subsp. sericifolia (C.Wright ex Griseb.) Borhidi; Bot. Közlem. 62: 26 (1975)
species :
Plumeria subsessilis A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 393 (1844)
Name: Aleli, Frangipane (Dominican Republic), Frangipagne blanche, Frangipanier, Frangipanier marron (Haiti)
Distribution: Dominican Republic; Haiti
81 HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Plumeria berteroi A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 393 (1844)
= Plumeria jaegeri Müll.Arg.; Linnaea 30: 397 (1860)
species :
Plumeria trinitensis Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 42: 506 (1915)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Plumeria casildensis Urb.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 21: 218 (1925)
species :
Plumeria tuberculata Lodd.; Bot. Cab. 7: t. 681 (1823)
Name: Aleli, Frangipane, Atabaiba (Dominican Republic), Frangipanier epineux (Haiti)
Distribution: Bahamas; Hispaniola
81 BAH HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Plumeria domingensis Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 3: 338 (1902)
= Plumeria emarginata var. sericifolia M.Gómez; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 23: 273 (1894)
= Plumeria gibbosa Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 3: 338 (1902)
species :
Plumeria venosa Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 42: 506 (1915)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Plumeria dictyophylla Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 9: 239 (1924)
= Plumeria leuconeura Urb.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 8 (1927)
species :
Plumeria ×stenopetala Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 3: 335 (1902)
Distribution: Haiti
81 HIS
Remarks: P. obtusa x P. subsessilis
Synonyms: hidden
= Plumeria ×biglandulosa Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 3: 337 (1902)
= Plumeria ×pauliniae Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 3: 336 (1902)
= Plumeria ×trouinenais Urb. & Ekman; Ark. Bot. 20A(5): 37 (1925)
= Plumeria ×discolor Urb. & Ekman; Ark. Bot. 20A(5): 36 (1926)
= Plumeria ×longiflora Urb. & Ekman; Ark. Bot. 20A(5): 38 (1926)
variant :
var. angustissima Urb.; Ark. Bot. 17(7): 50 (1921) [nothovar.]
Distribution: Haiti
81 HIS
Remarks: P. obtusa var. sericifolia x P. subsessilis
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life