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008.0000 Family Osmundaceae Martynov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 445 (1820)
4-6 genera, 23 species
Species listed in database: 23; hybrids: 5
= Osmundeae Hook. & Lindl. ex Duby; Bot. Gall. 1: 536 (1828)
= Osmundineae Bessey; Bot. High Schools: 377 (1880)
= Osmundoideae Sweet; Hort. Brit. [Sweet] 460 (1826)
008.0006 Genus Osmunda L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1063 (1753)
Distribution: Northern hemisphere and subtropics, 1 neotropical
Species listed in database: 9; hybrids: 1
= Aphyllocalpa Lag., Garcia & Clemente; Anales Ci. Nat. 5: 164 (1802)
= Struthiopteris Bernh.; J. Bot. [Schrader] 1800(2): 126 (1801)
species :
Osmunda abyssinica (Kuhn) A.E.Bobrov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 52: 1602 (1967)
Distribution: Ethiopia; etc.
24 ETH
Remarks: bona sp. according to Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2015)
Synonyms: hidden
= Osmunda regalis f. abyssinica Kuhn; Reisen Ost-Afr. [Decken] 3: 59 (1879)
= Osmunda regalis var. abyssinica (Kuhn) Pic.Serm.; Webbia 9(2): 644, fig. 3 (1954)
species :
Osmunda acuta (Burm.f.) Fraser-Jenk.; Indian Fern J. 36(1-2): 28 (2019), et Indian J. Forest. 43(1): 65 (2021)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Cape Verde Isl. (Sto Antão); Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Mali; Burkina Faso; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (North West, Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Mauritius; La Réunion; India (Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu)
20 ALG MOR TUN 21 CVI 22 BEN BKN GUI LBR MLI NGA SIE TOG 23 BIO BUR CAF CMN CON RWA ZAI 24 ETH SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 LES SAF SWZ 29 MAU MDG REU 40 IND
Remarks: bona sp. according to Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2015), but not recognized by Roux (2009). Some of the distribution will probably belong to O. abyssinica and/or O. regalis.
Synonyms: hidden
= Osmunda capensis C.Presl; Suppl. Tent. Pterid. 63 (1845) (nom. illeg., non L.)
= Osmunda hilsenbergii Grev. & Hook.; Bot. Misc. 3: 230 (1833)
= Osmunda huegeliana C.Presl; Suppl. Tent. Pterid. 64 (1845)
= Osmunda obtusifolia Willd.; Enum. Filic. [Kaulfuss] 43 (1824)
= Osmunda regalis var. brevifolia Desv.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 6(2): 198 (1827)
= Osmunda regalis var. capensis (C.Presl) Milde; Fil. Eur. 179 (1867)
= Osmunda regalis var. huegelii Milde; Monogr. Osmund. 67 (1868)
= Osmunda regalis var. obtusifolia (Willd.) C.Chr.; Dansk Bot. Ark. 7: 178 (1932)
= Osmunda regalis var. panigrahiana R.D.Dixit; Indian J. Forest. 13(1): 71 (1990) (fide Fraser-Jenkins (1997)
= Osmunda schelpei A.E.Bobrov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 1968: 6 (1968)
= Osmunda transvaalensis A.E.Bobrov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 1968: 7 (1968)
= Polypodium acutum Burm.f.; Fl. Ind. [N.L.Burman] 232 (1768)
species :
Osmunda herbacea Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 40: 291 (1929)
Distribution: Philippines (Mindanao)
42 PHI
species :
Osmunda hybrida Tsutsumi, S.Matsumoto, Y.Yatabe, Y.Hiray. & M.Kato; Syst. Bot. 36(4): 838 (2012)
Distribution: Myanmar; Laos
41 LAO MYA
species :
Osmunda japonica Thunb.; Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal., Ser. 2: 209 (1780), et Fl. Jap. [Thunberg] 330 (1784), et Syst. Veg., ed. 14 [J.A.Murray] 928 (1784)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Kuril Isl., Sakhalin); China (Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; North Korea; South Korea (incl. Cheju Isl.); Japan; Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Pakistan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, ?Assam State, Himachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Jammu & Kashmir); Myanmar; Thailand; Vietnam
31 RFE 36 CHI TIB 38 JAP KOR NKO NNS TAI 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Osmunda biformis (Benth.) Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 4(1): 4 (1927)
= Osmunda biformis var. divisa (Makino) Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 4: 4 (1927)
= Osmunda japonica f. divisa (Makino) Tagawa; Col. Ill. Jap. Pterid. 34, 237 (1959)
= Osmunda japonica var. divisa (Makino) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 41(492): 681 (1927)
= Osmunda japonica var. sublancea (Christ) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 41(492): 681 (1927)
= Osmunda regalis f. divisa Makino; Fl. Japan. [Makino & Nemoto] 1566 (1925)
= Osmunda regalis subsp. japonica (Thunb.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 26(2-3): 324 (1977)
= Osmunda regalis var. biformis Benth.; Fl. Hongk. 440 (1861)
= Osmunda regalis var. japonica (Thunb.) Milde; Fil. Eur. 179-180 (1867)
= Osmunda regalis var. sublancea Christ
= Osmunda speciosa Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 50 (1829), nomen
= Osmunda speciosa Wall. ex Hook. & Grev.; Bot. Misc. 3: 230 (1833)
= Osmundastrum japonicum (Thunb.) C.Presl; Gefässbündel Farrnkräuter 18 (1847), et Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 5: 326 (1848)
species :
Osmunda lancea Thunb.; Syst. Veg., ed. 14 [J.A.Murray] 928 (1784)
Distribution: Japan
38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Osmunda japonica Houtt.; Nat. Hist. [Houttuyn] 14: 57, t. 97, f. 1 (1783), et Pfl. Syst. 13(1): 62, t. 95, f. 1 (1786) (nom. illeg., non Thunb. (1780))
= Osmundastrum lanceum (Thunb.) C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 5: 326 (1848)
species :
Osmunda piresii Brade; Sellowia 17: 51, f. 1 (1965)
Distribution: Brazil (Goiás, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Remarks: bona sp. fide Sylvestre et al. 2022
species :
Osmunda regalis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1065 (1753)
Name: Königsfarn (DE), Royal Fern (EN)
Distribution: England (England, Wales, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Shetland Isl., Isle of Man); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, +Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Portugal; Spain; France; Channel Isl. (Alderney, Guernsey, Jersey); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Croatia; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (Chalkidiki, Athos); Crete; Estonia [I]; Belarus; ?C-European Russia; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl.); Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia, Samegrelo, Guria, Adzharia); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Ikaria); Turkey (Anatolia); Lebanon; New Zealand [I] (North Isl. [I])
10 DEN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 BGM CZE GER LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC ITA KRI NMA SIC TUE 14 BLR est 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 AZO CVI MDR 33 GEO 34 EAI LEB TUR 51 nzl
Remarks: records in India etc. belong to O. japonica and O. hilsenbergii fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2017)
Synonyms: hidden
= Aphyllocalpa regalis (L.) Cav.; Anales Ci. Nat. 6: 164 (1802)
= Osmunda brayeri Watelet; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 5: 16 (1858)
= Osmunda leschenaultii Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 51 (1829), nomen
= Osmunda longifolia (C.Presl) A.E.Bobrov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 52: 1602 (1967)
= Osmunda plumieri Tausch; Flora 19: 426 (1836)
= Osmunda regalis proles plumieri (Tausch) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 456 (1913)
= Osmunda regalis var. acuminata Milde; Fil. Eur. 177 (1867)
= Osmunda regalis var. albescens Ivery ex J.Dix; Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. London 2: 378 (1862)
= Osmunda regalis var. crispa Wallr.; Fl. Crypt. Germ. 1: 29 (1831)
= Osmunda regalis var. cristata H.Osborn ex J.Dix; Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. London 2: 452 (1862)
= Osmunda regalis var. incisa Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 3 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Osmunda regalis var. longifolia C.Presl; Suppl. Tent. Pterid. 62 (1845)
= Osmunda regalis var. monstrosa Wallr.; Fl. Crypt. Germ. 1: 29 (1831)
= Osmunda regalis var. obtusiuscula Milde; Fil. Eur. 176 (1867)
= Osmunda regalis var. plumieri (Tausch) P.E.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 3 (1934)
= Osmunda spicata Link; Phys. Beschr. Canar. Ins. [Buch] 189 (1825)
= Struthiopteris regalis (L.) Bernh.; J. Bot. [Schrader] 1800(2): 126 (1801)
species :
Osmunda spectabilis Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 5(1): 98 (1810)
Name: Royal fern
Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia); Bermuda; Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Tabasco, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Bahamas; Cuba; Jamaica; Colombia (Antioquia, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Huila, Santander); Venezuela (Aragua, Bolívar, Lara, Merida, Monagas, Sucre, Trujillo, Zulia); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Santa Cruz); Brazil (Bahia, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Caaguazu, Canindeyu, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, San Pedro); Uruguay (Canelones, Durazno, Lavalleja, Montevideo, Rocha); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Misiones, Salta)
71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC 81 BAH BER CUB JAM 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Remarks: frequently included as subspecies in O. regalis, but many authors including Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2015) argue for separation.
Synonyms: hidden
= Osmunda glaucescens Link; Fil. Spec. 20 (1841)
= Osmunda gracilis Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 145 (1833)
= Osmunda mexicana Fée; Mém. Foug. 9 (Cat. Foug. Mex.): 43 (1857)
= Osmunda palmeri A.E.Bobrov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 1968: 8 (1968)
= Osmunda palustris Schrad.; Gött. Gel. Anz. 866 (1824)
= Osmunda regalis subvar. anomala Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 307 (1931)
= Osmunda regalis f. anomala S.K.Harris; Rhodora 35: 352 (1933)
= Osmunda regalis f. intercallata Dole; Fl. Vermont, ed. 3: 4 (1937)
= Osmunda regalis f. linearis Clute; Fern Bull. 17: 10 (1909)
= Osmunda regalis f. nana Fernald; Rhodora 51: 103 (1949)
= Osmunda regalis f. orbiculata Clute; Fern Bull. 14: 115 (1906)
= Osmunda regalis subsp. palustris (Schrad.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 26(2-3): 324 (1977)
= Osmunda regalis subsp. spectabilis (Willd.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 26(2-3): 324 (1977)
= Osmunda regalis var. brasiliensis (Grev. & Hook.) Pic.Serm.; Webbia 31: 247 (1977)
= Osmunda regalis var. palustris (Schrad.) C.Chr. ex Angely; Fl. Parana 23: 10 (1963)
= Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis (Willd.) A.Gray; Manual (Gray), ed. 2: 600 (1856)
= Osmunda spectabilis var. brasiliensis Grev. & Hook.; Bot. Misc. 3: 230 (1833)
species :
Osmunda ×intermedia (Honda) Sugim.; Shokubutsu Kensakushi 1: 9 (1951)
Distribution: Japan
38 JAP
Remarks: Osmunda japonica x O. lancea
Synonyms: hidden
= Osmunda intermedia f. intermedia (Honda) Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 15: 96 (1953)
= Osmunda japonica var. intermedia Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 44: 409 (1930)
= Osmunda lancea var. latipinnula Tagawa; J. Jap. Bot. 22: 160 (1948)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

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Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

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