274.0000
Family
Malvaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. 271 (1789), nom. cons.
249 genera, ca. 5400 spp.
Species listed in database: 5494; hybrids: 40
= Berryaceae Doweld; Tent. Syst. Pl. Vasc.: xxxvii (2001), Family
= Bombacaceae Kunth; Malvac., Büttner., Tiliac.: 5 (1822), nom. cons.
= Brownlowiaceae Cheek; Kew Bull. 61: 443 (2006)
= Byttneriaceae R.Br.; M. Flinders, Voy. Terra Austral. 2: 540 (1814), nom. cons.
= Chiranthodendraceae A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 22: 303 (1887)
= Dombeyaceae Desf.; Tabl. Ecole Bot., ed. 3: 252 (1829), nom. cons.
= Durionaceae Cheek; Kew Bull. 61: 443 (2006)
= Grewiaceae Doweld & Reveal; Reveal, Bot. Rev (Lancaster) 71: 100 (2005)
= Helicteraceae J.Agardh; Theoria toSyst. Pl.: 264 (1858), Family
= Hermanniaceae Marquis; Esq. Règne Vég.: 52 (1820)
= Hibiscaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 275 (1858)
= Lasiopetalaceae Rchb.; Mag. Aesth. Bot. 1(2): ad t. 37 (1823)
= Mansoniaceae A.Chev.; Bot. Jahresber. [Just] 38(1): 852 (1913)
= Melochiaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 271 (1858)
= Pentapetaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 222 (1820)
= Philippodendraceae A.Juss.; V. V. D. d´Orbigny, Dict. Univ. Hist. Nat. 9: 735 (1847)
= Plagianthaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 272 (1858)
= Sidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 222 (1820)
= Sparrmanniaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 260 (1858)
= Sterculiaceae Vent.; Parad. Lond. 2: ad t. 69 (1807), nom. cons.
= Theobromataceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 264 (1858)
= Tiliaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. 289 (1789), nom. cons.
274.8103
Genus
Hibiscus L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 693 (1753)
Distribution: warm-temp., subtrop., and tropical regions. Several genera might be spun off.
Species listed in database: 419; hybrids: 4
= Alyogyne Alef.; Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 13: 12 (1863)
= Bamia (L.) R.Br. ex Wall.; Pl. Asiat. Rar. 1: 39 (1830)
= Bombix Medik.; Malv. 44 (1787)
= Bombycella Lindl.; Veg. Kingd. 370 (1847)
= Bombycidendron Zoll. & Moritzi; Nat. en Geneesk. Arch. Neerl. Indie 2: 14 (1845)
= Bombyx Moench; Methodus: 616 (1794)
= Brockmania W.Fitzg.; J. Roy. Soc. W. Austral 3: 174 (1918)
= Bupariti Duhamel; Sem. Pl. Arbres, Addit., 5 (1760)
= Canhamo Perini; Prosp. Expl. Notice Cult. Canh. Braz.: 1 (1905)
= Cotyloplecta Alef.; Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 13: 14 (1863)
= Erebennus Alef.; Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 13: 14 (1863)
= Fioria Mattei; Bol. Ort. Bot. Palermo, n. s. 2: 71 (1917)
= Furcaria (DC.) Kostel.; Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 5: 1856 (1836)
= Gourmania A.Chev.; Mém. Soc. Bot. France 8: 263 (1917)
= Humbertianthus Hochr.; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., sér. 2, 20: 474 (1948)
= Ketmia Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abridg. Ed. 4 (1754)
= Laguna Cav.; Diss. 2: App. 2 (1786) 3: 175, 1. 71, fig. 1 (1787)
= Macrostelia Hochr.; Not. Syst. 14: 230 (1953)
= Marconia Mattei; Revista Umbria Medica 2(14): 214 (1921)
= Montezuma Moc. & Sessé ex DC.; Prod. 1: 477 (1824)
= Muenchhusia Heist. ex Fabr.; Enum. Meth. Pl., ed. 2, 278 (1763)
= Pariti Adans.; Fam. 2: 401 (1763)
= Petitia Neck.; Elem. Bot. 2: 407 (1790), opus utique oppr.
= Polychlaena Garcke; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 56 (1867)
= Sabdariffa Kostel.; Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 5: 1857 (1836)
= Solandra Murray; Comm. Gotting. 6: 1783-84 (1785), 20. t. 1
= Symphyochlamys Gürke; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 379 (1903)
= Triguera Cav.; Diss. 1: 41 (1785), nom. rej.
= Trionaea Medik.; Malv. 45 (1787)
= Trionum L.; Sp. Pl. 241 (1758)
= Triplochiton Alef.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 12: 13 (1863), nom. rej.
= Wilhelminia Hochr.; Nova Guinea 14: 160 (1924)
species :
Hibiscus acapulcensis
Fryxell; U. S. Dep. Agric. Techn. Bull., 1624: 35 (1980)
Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero)
79 MEX
species :
Hibiscus acetosella
Welw. ex Ficalho; Bol. Soc. Geogr. Lisb. Ser. 2, 608 (1896)
Name: African rosemallow (EN)
Distribution: Benin [I]; Cameroon; Principe Isl.; São Tomé; South Sudan [I]; Angola; W-Zambia; Zimbabwe; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Taiwan [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Thailand [I]; Borneo [I]; Brunei [I]; Java [I]; USA [I] (Florida [I]); Mexico [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Bahamas [I]; Jamaica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [c]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [c]; Paraguay [I]
22 ben 23 CMN PRI SAO 24 ssu 26 ANG ZAM ZIM 29 mau reu 38 tai 40 ban 41 tha 42 bor brn jaw 78 usa 79 mex 80 cos nic 81 bah his jam pue 82 clm ven 83 bol ecu per 85 par
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus acetosella Welw. ex Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. (Hiern) 1(pt. 1): 73 (1896)
= Hibiscus eetveldeanus De Wild. & T.Durand; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 38(1, Comp. Rend.): 24 (1899)
= Hibiscus surattensis var. eetveldeanus (de Wild. & T.Durand) Hochr.
species :
Hibiscus acicularis
Standl.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 23: 782 (1923)
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)
79 MEX
species :
Hibiscus aculeatus
Walter; Fl. Carol. 177 (1788)
Name: Comfortroot, Pineland hibiscus (ESN)
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas)
77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus scaber Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. (Michx.) 2: 45 (1803)
species :
Hibiscus adscensionis
Fryxell & Krapov.; Novon 14(1): 58 (2004)
Name: Algodón de la pampa
Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz, Santa Cruz)
83 BOL
species :
Hibiscus aethiopicus
L.; Mant. 2: 258 (1771)
Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; S-Mozambique; Namibia; South Africa (North-West Prov., KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]
23 RWA ZAI 24 ERI ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MOZ 27 LES NAM SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus aethiopicus var. helvolus Harv.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 174 (1860)
= Hibiscus ambelacensis Schweinf. & Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 160 (1922)
= Hibiscus ellipticus E.Mey.; Drège, Zwei Pfl. Docum. 192 (1843)
= Hibiscus luteiflorus De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 1: 505 (1922)
= Hibiscus propinquus E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 174 (1860)
variant :
var. angustifolius
(Eckl. & Zeyh.) Exell
Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus aethiopicus var. diversifolius Harv.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 174 (1860), nom. superfl.
= Hibiscus ovatus var. angustifolius Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. 38 (1835)
= Hibiscus zeyheri Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 97 (1900)
variant :
var. ovatus
(Cav.) Harv.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 174 (1860)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 ZIM 27 LES SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus aethiopicus var. asperifolius (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 99 (1900)
= Hibiscus asperifolius Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. 38 (1834 publ. 1835)
= Hibiscus helvolus E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 174 (1860)
= Hibiscus leiospermus Harv.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 173 (1860)
= Hibiscus ovatus Cav.; Diss. 3, Tertia Diss. Bot. 143 (t. 50, f. 3) (1787)
= Pavonia ovata (Cav.) Spreng.; Syst. 3: 99 (1826)
species :
Hibiscus ahlensis
Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 365 (1920)
Distribution: NE-Somalia
24 SOM
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus micranthus var. sanguineus (Franch.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 83 (1900)
= Hibiscus ouarsanguelicus Cufod.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 29: Suppl., 565 (1959), nom. inval.
= Hibiscus sanguineus Franch.; Sert. Somal.: 15 (1882), nom. illeg. non Griffith 1854
species :
Hibiscus allenii
Sprague & Hutch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1907: 45 (1907)
Distribution: SE-Tanzania; Zambia; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana
25 TAN 26 MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM
species :
Hibiscus altissimus
Hornby; Proc. & Trans. Rhodesia Sci. Assoc. 41: 55 (1946)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal)
26 MOZ ZIM 27 SAF
species :
Hibiscus amambayensis
Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 79 (2004)
Distribution: Paraguay (Amambay)
85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus cucurbitaceus var. acuminatus Hassl.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 378 (1909)
species :
Hibiscus amazonicus
Fryxell; Acta Amazonica 14(1-2 Suppl.): 101 (1984 publ. 1986)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Amazonas)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus ambanitazensis
M.H.Hanes & G.E.Schatz; Candollea 75(2): 197 (2020)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus ambovombensis
Hochr.; Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord, Hors-ser. 2: (Trav. Bot. dedies a Rene-Maire) 158 (1949)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus analalavensis
M.H.Hanes & G.E.Schatz; Candollea 75(2): 198 (2020)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus andersonii
Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 90 (2004)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus andongensis
Hiern; Cat. Welw. Afr. Pl. 1: 70 (1900)
Distribution: NW-Angola
26 ANG
Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1857
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus physaloides var. andongensis (Hiern) Hochr.
species :
Hibiscus aneuthe
Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 188 (2003)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus angolensis
Exell; J. Bot. 65: Suppl. 1, 35 (1927)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
Remarks: only known from the type
species :
Hibiscus anisostegius
Hochr.; Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord, Hors-ser. 2: (Trav. Bot. dedies a Rene-Maire) 160 (1949)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus ankaramyensis
Hochr.; Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord, Hors-ser. 2: (Trav. Bot. dedies a Rene-Maire) 162 (1949)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus ankeranensis
M.H.Hanes & G.E.Schatz; Candollea 75(2): 200 (2020)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus antanossarum
Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Par. 1: 517 (1885)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus aphelus
Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 188 (2003)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus aponeurus
Sprague & Hutch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1908: 54 (1908)
Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; ?Burundi; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; N-Mozambique
23 RWA ZAI 24 ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MOZ
species :
Hibiscus arenicola
A.S.Mitch.; Nuytsia 2(6): 336 (1979)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus argutus
Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895: 212 (1895)
Distribution: NW-Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Hibiscus aridicola
J.Anthony; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 15(74): 241 (1927)
Distribution: China (Yunnan, Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus aridicola var. glabratus K.M.Feng; Fl. Yunnanica 2: 225 (1979)
species :
Hibiscus aridus
R.A.Dyer; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1933: 460 (1933)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Hibiscus arnhemensis
F.D.Wilson; Austral. J. Bot. 22(1): 175 (1974)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus arnottianus
A.Gray; Bot. U. St. Expl. Exped. 1: 176 (1854)
subspecies :
subsp. arnottianus
Distribution: Hawaii (Oahu)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus arnottianus f. parviflorus Skottsb.
= Hibiscus waimeae var. hookeri Hochr.
= Hibiscus boryanus Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy.: 79 (1832), nom. illeg.
subspecies :
subsp. immaculatus
(M.J.Roe) D.M.Bates; Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 29: 104 (1989)
Distribution: Hawaii (Molokai)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Endangered, USA Status: Endangered
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus immaculatus M.J.Roe; Pacific Sci. 15: 22 (1961)
subspecies :
subsp. punaluuensis
(Skottsb.) D.M.Bates; Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 29: 104 (1989)
Distribution: Hawaii (Oahu)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus arnottianus var. punaluuensis (Skottsb.) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Hibiscus punaluuensis (Skottsb.) O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Deg., Fl. Hawaiiensis, Fam. 221 (1957)
species :
Hibiscus articulatus
Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 60 (1847)
Distribution: Burkina Faso; ?Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Central African Republic; E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; SW-Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; ?Eritrea; Zanzibar; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana
22 BEN BKN GHA NGA TOG 23 CAF CMN ZAI 24 CHA ETH SSU SUD 25 TAN 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus articulatus var. glabrescens Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Geneve 4: 159 (1900)
= Hibiscus articulatus var. stenolobus Hochst. ex Mast.; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 201 (1868)
= Hibiscus bukamensis De Wild.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 5: 38 (1915)
= Hibiscus eburneopetalus Baker f. [J.Bot.75: 100 (1937)]
= Hibiscus oenotheroides Webb; Fragm. Fl. Aethiop.-aegypt. 47 (1854)
= Hibiscus rhodesicus Baker f. [J.Bot.37: 424 (1899)]
species :
Hibiscus asperifolioides
Bân; Checkl. Pl. Sp. Vietnam 2: 560 (2003), nom. nov.
Distribution: C-Vietnam
41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus asperifolius Gagnep.; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 11: 159 (1944), nom. illeg.
species :
Hibiscus australensis
Fosberg; Micronesica 2: 156 (1967)
Distribution: Austral Isl. (Tubuai)
61 AUI
species :
Hibiscus austroyunnanensis
C.Y.Wu & K.M.Feng; Fl. Yunnan. 2: 223, f. 59 (1979)
Distribution: China
36 CHI
species :
Hibiscus bacalusius
Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 192 (2003)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus barbosae
Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., sér. 2, 33: 174 (1959)
Distribution: S-Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 MOZ 27 SAF SWZ
species :
Hibiscus benedicti
Callm.; Candollea 75(2): 324 (2020), nom. nov.
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus involucratus (Hochr.) M.H.Hanes, G.E.Schatz & Callm.; Candollea 75(2): 196 (2020), nom. illeg.
= Macrostelia involucrata Hochr.; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 230 (1953)
species :
Hibiscus benensis
Fryxell & Krapov.; Novon 14(1): 59 (2004)
Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, La Paz)
83 BOL
species :
Hibiscus benguellensis
Exell & Mendonça; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 134 (1936)
Distribution: SW-Angola
26 ANG
Remarks: only known from the type
species :
Hibiscus bennettii
L.A.J.Thomson & Braglia; Pacific Sci. 73(1): 92 (2019)
Distribution: Fiji
60 FIJ
species :
Hibiscus bequaertii
De Wild.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 5: 35 (1915)
Distribution: SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus submonospermus Hochr. ex T.Durand & De Wild.; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 40: 8
= Pavonia bequaertii (De Wild.) De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 1: 497 (1922)
species :
Hibiscus berberidifolius
A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 56 (1847)
Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania
23 BUR RWA ZAI 24 ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus diversifolius var. witteanus Hochr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 18: 276 (1947)
= Hibiscus parvilobus F.D.Wilson; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 29: 67 (1999)
species :
Hibiscus bernieri
Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 510 (1885)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus subtrichospermoides Hochr.; Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord, Hors-ser. 2: (Trav. Bot. dedies a Rene-Maire) 161 (1949)
= Hibiscus boivinii Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 510 (1885)
variant :
var. trichospermoides
(Hochr.) Hochr.; Fl. Madagasc. 129: 65 (1955)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus trichospermoides Hochr.; Ann. Conserv & Jard. Bot. Geneve 20: 82 (1917)
species :
Hibiscus bicalyculatus
Merr.; Philipp. Gov. Lab. Bur. Bull. 35: 39 (1905)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
species :
Hibiscus bifurcatus
Cav.; Diss. 3: 146. t. 51, f. 1 (1787)
Name: Fork-bracted rosemallow (EN); Hibisco de laguna, Hibisco del pinar, Hibisco de sabana, Hibiscus del pinar, Majaguilla de pinar, Majaguilla del pinar (Cuba), Gombo de nuit, Gombo riviere (Lesser Antilles), Buenas tardes, Buenos dias (Puerto Rico)
Distribution: Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Guadeloupe; Martinique; St. Vincent; Trinidad; Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar, Delta Amacuro, Trujillo, Yaracuy); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Pando, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Amapa, Pará, Acre); NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná); Argentina (Chaco)
80 BLZ HON NIC PAN 81 CUB GDL HIS JAM MAR PUE STV TRT 82 FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus bicornis G.Mey.; Prim. Fl. Esseq. 231 (1818)
= Hibiscus bifurcatus f. glaber Gürke; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12(3): 561 (1892)
= Hibiscus bifurcatus f. pilosus Gürke; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12(3): 561 (1892)
= Hibiscus bifurcatus var. bicornis Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 109 (1900)
= Hibiscus fluminensis Vell.; Fl. Flum. 282 7: t. 34 (1829)
species :
Hibiscus biseptus
S.Watson; Proc. Am. Acad. 21: 418 (1886)
Name: Arizona rosemallow
Distribution: USA (Arizona); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Durango, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Sonora, Zacatecas)
76 USA 79 MEX
species :
Hibiscus bojerianus
Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 511 (1885)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus exochandrus Hochr.; Candollea 2: 125 (1925)
= Hibiscus ferrugineus Bojer ex Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 511 (1885), nom. inval.
= Hibiscus myriaster Scott Elliot; J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 29: 7 (1891)
= Hibiscus oblatus Baker; J. L. Soc 22: 448 (1887)
species :
Hibiscus boranensis
Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 33 (1948)
Distribution: S-Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Hibiscus borealis
Hochr.; Candollea 14: 81 (1953)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus boryanus
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 446 (1824)
Distribution: Mauritius; La Réunion; Hispaniola [I]; Guadeloupe [I]
29 MAU REU 81 gdl his
species :
Hibiscus brachychlaenus
F.Muell.; Fragm. 3: 5 (1862)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus microchlaenus F.Muell.; Fragm. 2: 116 (1860)
species :
Hibiscus brachysiphonius
F.Muell.; Fragm. 1: 67 (1858)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus brackenridgei
A.Gray; Bot. U. St. Expl. Exped. 1: 175 (1854)
subspecies :
subsp. brackenridgei
Distribution: Hawaii (Lanai, Maui, Hawaii Isl.)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Endangered, USA Status: Endangered
subspecies :
subsp. mokuleianus
(M.J.Roe) D.M.Bates; Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 29: 105 (1989)
Distribution: Hawaii (+Kauai, Oahu)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Endangered, USA Status: Endangered
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus brackenridgei var. mokuleianus M.J.Roe; Pacific Sci. 15: 12 (1961)
subspecies :
subsp. molokaianus
(Rock ex Caum) F.D.Wilson; Brittonia 45(4): 278 (1993)
Distribution: +Hawaii (+Molokai)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Extinct
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus brackenridgei var. molokaianus Rock ex Caum; Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 9(5): 4 (1920)
species :
Hibiscus bragliae
L.A.J.Thomson; Pacific Sci. 73(1): 98 (2019)
Distribution: Fiji
60 FIJ
species :
Hibiscus brennanii
Craven & Fryxell; Beagle 10(1): 1 (1993)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus bricchettii
Gürke ex Ulbr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 377 (1912)
Distribution: ?Ethiopia; Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Hibiscus burtonii
F.M.Bailey; Dept. Agric. Brisbane Bot. Bull. 2: 7 (1891)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus burtt-davyi
Dunkley; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1935: 256 (1935)
Distribution: E-Zimbabwe; Mozambique
26 MOZ ZIM
species :
Hibiscus byrnesii
F.D.Wilson; Austral. J. Bot. 22(1): 177 (1974)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus cabralensis
Krapov.; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 15(1-2): 47 (2006)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus caerulescens
Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Par. 1: 516 (1885)
Distribution: Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.); La Réunion [I]
29 COM MDG reu
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus xiphocuspis Baker; J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 22: 447 (1887)
variant :
var. atalofosy
Hochr.; Candollea 12: 178 (1949)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
variant :
var. bevilanyensis
Hochr.; Candollea 5: 11 (1932)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
variant :
var. humbertiellus
Hochr.; Candollea 12: 176 (1949)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus calcareus
McLay & Albr.; Austral. Syst. Bot. 36(6): 473 (2023)
Distribution: Australia (South Australia, Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus calodendron
Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 14: 367 (1939)
Distribution: New Guinea
42 NWG
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Hibiscus calyculatus
(Hochr.) M.H.Hanes, G.E.Schatz & Callm.; Candollea 75(2): 194 (2020)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Macrostelia calyculata Hochr.; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 232 (1953)
species :
Hibiscus calyphyllus
Cav.; Diss. 283 (1788)
Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; ?Burundi; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; N-Somalia; ?Kenya; ?Tanzania; Angola; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]; India (Karnataka, Tamil Nadu)
23 RWA ZAI 24 ERI ETH SOM SSU SUD 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 40 IND
Remarks: sometimes included in H. purpureus Forssk.
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus borbonicus Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 216 (1822)
= Hibiscus calycinus Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 3: 817 (1800), nom. superfl.
= Hibiscus calyphyllus var. grandiflorus De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 402 (1932)
= Hibiscus canescens B.Heyne ex Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 2698 (1831)
= Hibiscus wildii Suess.; Trans. Rhodes. Sci. Assoc. 43: 29 (1951)
species :
Hibiscus cameronii
Knowles & Westc.; Fl. Cab. 2: 149 (1838)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus macrosolandra Hochr.; Candollea 2: 136 (1925)
= Hibiscus rossii Knowles & Westc.; Flor. Cab. 2: t. 82 (1838)
species :
Hibiscus campanulatus
A.J.Perkins; Nuytsia 28: 135 (2017)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus campylosiphon
Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 31: I. 193 (1858)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Bombycidendron campylosiphon (Turcz.) Warb.; Perkins, Fragm. Fl. Philip. 110 (1904)
= Bombycidendron parvifolium Warb.; Fragm. Fl. Philipp. 1: 110 (1904)
= Hibiscus grewiifolius Fern.-Vill.; Blanco, Fl. Filip. ed. 3. 4(13A): 24 (1880), nom. illeg.
= Thespesia campylosiphon (Turcz.) Rolfe; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 308 (1884)
variant :
var. glabrescens
(Warb. ex Perkins) Borss.Waalk.; Blumea 14: 56 (1966)
Distribution: Palawan; Philippines (Luzon, Mindoro, Coron)
42 PHI PLW
Synonyms: hidden
= Bombycidendron glabrescens Warb.; in Perkins Fragm. Fl. Philip. 110 (1904)
= Bombycidendron vidalianum (Náves) Merr. & Rolfe; Philipp. J. Sci. 3: 112 (1908)
= Bupariti vidaliana (Náves) Rothm.; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 53: 7 (1944)
= Hibiscus glabrescens (Warb. ex Perkins) Gruezo; Vasc. Fl. Mt Makiling & Vicinity 2: 389 (2006)
= Hibiscus vidalianus Náves; Blanco, Fl. Philipp. ed. III. t. 333, Nov. App. 24 (1877)
species :
Hibiscus cannabinus
L.; Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1149 (1759)
Name: Brown Indianhemp; Rosella, Mananita, Malva loca, Kenaf, Flor de San Juan (Cuba), Cadillo (Dominican Republic), Deccan hemp (Jamaica), Gombo chanvre, Groseille, Pavona encenida (Lesser Antilles), Pavona encendida, Mananera (Puerto Rico)
Distribution: Hungary [I]; European Russia [I]; Cape Verde Isl. (Ilha de Maio, Ilha de Sao Tiago); Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Mali; Burkina Faso; ?Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan [I]; Turkmenistan [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; Iraq [I] (NW-Iraq [I], SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia [I]); Iran [I] (N-Iran [I]); Afghanistan [I]; Sinai peninsula [I] (C-Sinai [I]); Yemen [I] (Tihama [I], W-Yemen [I]); China [I] (Guangdong [I], Hebei [I], Heilongjiang [I], Jiangsu [I], Liaoning [I], Yunnan [I], Zhejiang [I]); Taiwan [I]; Pakistan [I]; Nepal [c]; India [I] (throughout); Sri Lanka [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Laos [I]; Vietnam [I]; Sulawesi [I]; Java [I]; Australia [I] (Queensland [I]); New Caledonia [I]; Niue [I]; Honduras [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Hispaniola [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; St. Barthélémy [I]; St. Kitts [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Martinique [I]; Tobago [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Peru [I]
11 hun 14 rus 21 CVI 22 BEN BKN GAM GHA GNB GUI MLI NGA NGR SEN SIE TOG 23 BUR CAF CMN CON RWA ZAI 24 CHA ERI ETH SOM SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 29 MDG 31 rfe 32 kaz tkm uzb 34 afg irn irq sin 35 yem 36 chi 38 tai 40 ban ind nep pak srl 41 lao mya tha vie 42 jaw sul 50 aus 60 nue nwc 80 cos hon 81 cub gdl his jam mar pue sba stk trt 82 clm ven 83 per
Synonyms: hidden
= Abelmoschus congener (Schumach. & Thonn.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 2: 308 (1843)
= Abelmoschus verrucosus (Guill. & Perr.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 308 (1842)
= Furcaria cannabina (L.) Ulbr.; Engl. Pflanzenw. Afr. 3(2): 400 (1921), et in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 8: 166 (1922)
= Furcaria cavanillesii Kostel.; All. Pharm. Fl. 5: 1856 (1836)
= Hibiscus asper Hook.f.; Niger Fl. [W. J. Hook.]. 228 (1849)
= Hibiscus cannabinus var. chevalieri Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 5: 125 (1901)
= Hibiscus cannabinus var. punctatus (A.Rich.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 20: 82 (1916)
= Hibiscus cannabinus var. simplex A.Howard & G.Howard; Mem. Dept. Agric. India, Bot. Ser. 4: 16 (1911)
= Hibiscus cannabinus var. tripartitus (Forssk.) Chiov.; (1923)
= Hibiscus cannabinus var. viridis A.Howard & G.Howard; Mem. Dept. Agric. India, Bot. Ser. 4: 16 (1911)
= Hibiscus congener Schumach. & Thonn.; Schumach., Beskr. Guin. Pl.: 319 (1827)
= Hibiscus cordofanus Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31(1): 193 (1858)
= Hibiscus henriquesii Pires de Lima; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 19: 138 (1921)
= Hibiscus malangensis Baker f. [J.Bot.77: 22 (1939)]
= Hibiscus obtusatus Schumach.; Schumach. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 321 (1827)
= Hibiscus sabdariffa subsp. cannabinus (L.) Panigrahi & Murti; Fl. Bilaspur District 1: 127 (1989)
= Hibiscus tripartitus Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab.: 126 (1775)
= Hibiscus vanderystii De Wild.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 5: 35 (1915)
= Hibiscus verrucosus Guill. & Perr.; Fl. Seneg. Tent. 1: 57 (1830)
= Hibiscus verrucosus var. punctatus A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 59 (1847)
= Hibiscus vitifolius Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. VIII. n. 8 (1768)
= Hibiscus wightianus Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 2695 A (1831), nom. inval.
= Ketmia glandulosa Moench; Suppl. Meth. 202 (1802)
species :
Hibiscus capitalensis
Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 96 (2004)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus carrii
Borss.Waalk.; Reinwardtia 4: 57 (1956)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Hibiscus castroi
Baker f. & Exell; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 135 (1936)
Distribution: SW-Angola; Namibia
26 ANG 27 NAM
species :
Hibiscus ceratophorus
Thulin; Nordic J. Bot. 19(3): 337 (1999)
Distribution: S-Somalia
24 SOM
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus furcatus var. microcarpus Mattei; Boll. Reale Orto Bot. Palermo 7: 103 (1908)
species :
Hibiscus cerradoensis
M.Y.Menzel, Fryxell & F.D.Wilson; Brittonia 35(3): 218 (1983)
Distribution: Brazil
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus chancoae
Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 58 (2004)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Hibiscus chapadensis
Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 83 (2004)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus chrysinocolla
McLay & S.J.Dillon; Nuytsia 31: 41 (2020)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus chrysochaetus
Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 369 (1920)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1904
species :
Hibiscus citrinus
Fryxell; U. S. Dep. Agric. Techn. Bull., 1624: 14(1980)
Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Sonora)
79 MEX
species :
Hibiscus clayi
O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Deg., Fl. Hawaiiensis, Fam. 221 (1959)
Distribution: Hawaii (east Kauai)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Endangered, USA Status: Endangered
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus newhousei M.J.Roe; Pacific Sci. 15: 22 (1961)
species :
Hibiscus coatesii
F.Muell.; Fragm. 3: 5 (1862)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus coccineus
(Medik.) Walter; Fl. Carol. 1: 177 (1788)
Name: Scarlet rosemallow
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia); Uzbekistan [I]
32 uzb 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus semilobatus Chapm.; Fl. South. U. S., ed. 3. 52 (1897)
= Malvaviscus coccineus Medik.; Malvenfam. 49 (1787)
species :
Hibiscus cochleariferus
Borss.Waalk.; Blumea 14: 69 (1966)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
species :
Hibiscus coddii
Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot. Ser. 2, 33: 177 (1959)
subspecies :
subsp. coddii
Distribution: S-Zimbabwe; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga)
26 ZIM 27 SAF
subspecies :
subsp. barnardii
(Exell) Leistner & P.J.D.Winter; Fl. Pl. Africa 59: 95 (2005)
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus barnardii Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., sér. 2, 33: 180 (1959)
species :
Hibiscus colimensis
Fryxell; U. S. Dep. Agric. Techn. Bull., 1624: 35 (1980)
Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco, Colima)
79 MEX
species :
Hibiscus columnaris
Cav.; Diss. 3: 166. t. 59, f. 2 (1787)
Distribution: Mauritius; La Réunion
29 MAU REU
species :
Hibiscus commixtus
Fryxell & Krapov.; Novon 14(1): 61 (2004)
Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz)
83 BOL
species :
Hibiscus comoensis
A.Chev. ex Hutch. & Dalziel; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 298 (1928)
Distribution: Ivory Coast; Ghana
22 GHA IVO
species :
Hibiscus comorensis
Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Par. 1: 515 (1885)
Distribution: Comores (Mayotte, etc.)
29 COM
species :
Hibiscus conceptionis
Fryxell & Krapov.; Novon 14(1): 61 (2004)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz)
83 BOL
species :
Hibiscus congestifloroides
Bân; Checkl. Pl. Sp. Vietnam 2: 560 (2003), nom. nov.
Distribution: C-Vietnam
41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus congestiflorus Gagnep.1906 Notul.Syst.(Paris) 11: 160 (1944), nom.illeg.
species :
Hibiscus congestiflorus
Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 10: 21 (1906)
Distribution: Burkina Faso; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Central African Republic; SW-Chad
22 BEN BKN GHA NGA TOG 23 CAF CMN 24 CHA
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus baumannii Ulbr.; Engl. Pflanzenw. Afr. 3(2): 402 (1921), in obs.
species :
Hibiscus conradsii
Ulbr.; Engl. Pflanzenw. Afr. 3(2): 398 (1921), et in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 8: 164 (1922), descr. ampl.
Distribution: W-Kenya
25 KEN
Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1903
species :
Hibiscus contortus
Phuph. & S.Gardner; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 45(1): 6 (2017)
Distribution: peninsular Thailand
41 THA
species :
Hibiscus convolvulaceus
Hassk.; Abh. Naturf. Ges. Halle 9: 216 (1866)
Distribution: Moluccas (Ambon)
42 MOL
species :
Hibiscus cooperi
J.J.Veitch; Cat. New Beautiful Pl. 1863: 10 (1863)
Distribution: Vanuatu (Aneityum, Erromango)
60 VAN
species :
Hibiscus cordifolius
Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8 (1768)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
species :
Hibiscus corditectus
Hochr.; Candollea 14: 82 (1953)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus corymbosus
Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 57 (1847)
Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Uganda; ?Kenya; ?Tanzania; Saudi Arabia
23 ZAI 24 ERI ETH SSU 25 UGA 35 SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Cotyloplecta corymbosa (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Alef.; Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 13: 15 (1863)
= Hibiscus corymbosus var. integrifolius Chiov.; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 9: 52 (1911)
= Hibiscus corymbosus var. palmatilobatus Chiov.; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 9: 52 (1911)
species :
Hibiscus costatus
A.Rich.; Ess. Fl. Cub. 138 (1841)
Name: Baba de perro, Hibisco del pinar, Hibisco de sabana, Hibiscus de sabana, Majaguilla, Majaguilla del pinar, Malva rosa silvestre (Cuba)
Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Puebla, Sinaloa, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; ?Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON PAN 81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus australis Rose; Donn. Sm., Enum. Pl. Guatemala 6: 4 (1903), nomen, Standl. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 23: 778
= Hibiscus costatus var. glabellus R.E.Fr.; Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., ser. 3, 24(2): 30 (1947)
species :
Hibiscus coulteri
Harv. ex A.Gray; Pl. Wright. 1: 23 (1852)
Name: Desert rosemallow (EN)
Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Nuevo Leon, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Veracruz, Zacatecas)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus coulteri var. brevipedunculata M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 12: 4 (1908)
species :
Hibiscus crassinervius
Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 61 (1847)
Distribution: Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya
24 ERI ETH SOM SSU SUD 25 KEN UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus brevipes Garcke; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 7: 853 (1849)
= Hibiscus chiovendae Cufod.; Miss. Biol. Borana, Racc. Bot., Angiosp.-Gymnosp. 129 (1939)
= Hibiscus crassinervius var. flammeus (Schweinf. ex Sprenger) N.E.Br.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894(App.): 41 (1894)
= Hibiscus crassinervius var. minor Sprague; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1908: 54 (1908)
= Hibiscus erianthus R.Br.; Voy. Abyss. [Salt] Append. p. 45 (1814)
= Hibiscus gallaensis Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 368 (1920)
= Hibiscus wellbyi Sprague; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1908: 55 (1908)
species :
Hibiscus cravenii
(Fryxell) B.E.Pfeil & Craven; Novon 14(3): 323 (2004)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Alyogyne cravenii Fryxell; Syst. Bot. 12(2): 277 (1987)
species :
Hibiscus cuanzensis
Exell & Mendonça; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 136 (1936)
Distribution: NW-Angola
26 ANG
species :
Hibiscus cucurbitaceus
A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Mer. 1: 244 (1827)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Abelmoschus cucurbitaceus (A.St.-Hil.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 310 (1842)
= Hibiscus cupularis var. strigosus Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 408 (1928)
species :
Hibiscus cummingii
Wannan; Austrobaileya 14: 28 (2024)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
Remarks: sect. Furcaria
species :
Hibiscus cuneiformis
DC.; Prod. 1: 454 (1824)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Alyogyne cuneiformis (DC.) Lewton; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 5: 309 (1915)
= Cienfuegosia cuneiformis (DC.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 55 (1902)
= Fugosia cuneiformis (DC.) Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 219 (1863)
= Lagunaria cuneiformis (DC.) G.Don; Gen. Syst. 1: 485 (1831)
species :
Hibiscus dasycalyx
S.F.Blake & Shiller; J. Washington Acad. Sci. 48: 277 (1958)
Name: Neches River rosemallow
Distribution: USA (E-Texas)
77 USA
species :
Hibiscus debeerstii
De Wild. & T.Durand; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique, Compt. Rend. 38: 21 (1899)
Distribution: SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; N-Zambia; Mozambique
23 ZAI 26 MOZ ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus nyikensis Sprague; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1908: 56 (1908)
species :
Hibiscus decaspermus
Koord. & Valeton; Boomsoort. van Java 2: 115 (1895)
Distribution: Myanmar (Taninthayi); peninsular Thailand; Sulawesi; Philippines (Mindoro, Babuyan); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Timor, Sumbawa)
41 MYA THA 42 JAW LSI PHI SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus flavotrichus C.E.C.Fisch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1926: 464 (1926)
species :
Hibiscus deflersii
Schweinf. ex Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 36 (1948)
Distribution: N-Ethiopia; Eritrea; Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir); Yemen (Aden Desert, N-Inner Yemen, W-Yemen)
24 ERI ETH 35 SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus hansalii Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 42 (1948)
species :
Hibiscus denudatus
Benth.; Bot. Voy. Sulph. 7. t. 3 (1844)
Name: Paleface
Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, New Mexico, Nevada, Texas); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Hidalgo, Nuevo Leon, Queretaro, Sonora, Veracruz)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus denudatus var. involucellatus A.Gray; Smithsonian Contr. Knowles 3, Art. 5: 22 (1852)
= Hibiscus digitatus Poir.; Lam., Encycl., Suppl. 3: 220 (1813), nom. illeg.
= Hibiscus involucellatus (A.Gray) Wooton & Standl.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 19: 417 (1915)
species :
Hibiscus dimidiatus
Schrank; Denkschr. Bot. Gez. Regensb. 2: 61 (1822)
Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas); Guyana; N-Brazil (Pará); NE-Brazil (Maranhao)
82 GUY VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Pavonia ulbrichiana Kearney; Madrono 12: 116 (1953)
species :
Hibiscus dinteri
Hochr. ex Schinz; Mem. Herb. Boiss. no. 20, 20, et in Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve80 (1900)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
species :
Hibiscus dioscorides
A.G.Mill.; Ethnoflora of Soqotra: 725 (2004)
Distribution: Soqotra
24 SOC
species :
Hibiscus diriffan
A.G.Mill.; Ethnoflora of Soqotra: 725 (2004)
Distribution: Soqotra
24 SOC
species :
Hibiscus discolorifolius
Hochr.; Candollea 2: 129 (1925)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus discolorifolius var. subconcolorifolius Hochr.; Candollea 12: 168 (1949)
species :
Hibiscus discophorus
Hochr.; Vierteljahrsschr. Nat. Ges. Zürich 55: 239 (1910)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus pseudosida Ulbr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 376 (1912)
species :
Hibiscus divaricatus
Graham; Edinb. N. Phil. J. 367 (1830)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Abelmoschus divaricatus (Graham) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 309 (1842)
= Hibiscus magnificus F.Muell.; Fragm. 2: 118 (1860)
species :
Hibiscus diversifolius
Jacq.; Ic. Pl. Rar. t. 551, Coll. 2: 307 (1789)
subspecies :
subsp. diversifolius
Distribution: Senegal; Burkina Faso; N-Benin; Niger; Cameroon; Congo [Brazzaville]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; SW-Chad; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); St. Helena [I]; Madagascar; Mauritius [I]; Myanmar [I]; Philippines [I]; New Guinea [I]; Australia (Western Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); Lord Howe Isl.; Norfolk Isl.; New Zealand (coastal North Cape to Ahipara Bay); New Caledonia [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Fiji; Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I]); Mexico [I]; Revillagigedos Isl. [I] (Isla Socorro [I]); Belize [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Galapagos [I]; S-Brazil [I]
22 BEN BKN NGR SEN 23 BUR CMN CON RWA ZAI 24 CHA ERI ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 SAF 28 sth 29 mau MDG 41 mya 42 nwg phi 50 AUS LHI NFK 51 NZL 60 FIJ nwc van 61 coo 79 mex rgi 80 blz cos 83 gal 84 bra
Synonyms: hidden
= Abelmoschus persicifolius (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 308 (1842)
= Althaea spicata (Cav.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16. 3: 108 (1826)
= Furcaria diversifolia (Jacq.) Ulbr.; Engl. Pflanzenw. Afr. 3(2): 402 (1921), et in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 8: 168 (1922)
= Hibiscus beckleri F.Muell.; Fragm. 2: 117 (1861)
= Hibiscus biflorus A.Spreng.; Tent. Suppl.: 19 (1828)
= Hibiscus decaisneanus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 119 (1900)
= Hibiscus diversifolius var. angustilobus Hauman; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 31: 86 (1961)
= Hibiscus diversifolius var. witteanus Cufod.; non Hochr.
= Hibiscus ficulneus Cav.; Diss. 3, Tertia Diss. Bot. 148 (t. 51, f. 2) (1787) non L.
= Hibiscus macularis E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 171 (1860), nom. inval.
= Hibiscus paludosus Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 3: 151 (1908)
= Hibiscus persicifolius Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. 38 (1834 publ. 1835)
= Hibiscus scaber Lam.; Encyc. 3: 350 (1792)
= Hibiscus spicatus Cav.; Diss. 3: 163 (1787)
subspecies :
subsp. rivularis
(Bremek. & Oberm.) Exell; Fl. Zambes. 1(2): 444 (1961)
Distribution: Zambia; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana
26 MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus rivularis Bremek. & Oberm.; Ann. Transvaal Mus. 16: 424 (1935)
species :
Hibiscus dongolensis
Caill. ex Delile; Caill., Voy. Méroé 4(prepr.): 59 (1826)
Distribution: Niger; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Uganda; ?Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Zimbabwe; W-Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Yemen (Tihama, Aden Desert, W-Yemen)
22 NGR 24 ERI ETH SOM SSU SUD 25 TAN UGA 26 ANG MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 35 YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Cotyloplecta dongolensis (Delile ex Caill.) Alef.; Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 13: 15 (1863)
= Hibiscus campanulifolius Ulbr.; Engl. Pflanzenw. Afr. 3(2): 401 (1921), in obs.
= Hibiscus fallacinus Chiov.; Atti Ist. Bot. Univ. Pavia, Ser. IV. 7: (Fl. Somala, 111) 125 (1936)
= Hibiscus lunariifolius var. dongolensis (Caill. ex Delile) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 161 (1900)
= Hibiscus neumannii Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 162 (1922)
species :
Hibiscus donianus
D.Dietr.; Syn. Pl. 4: 834 (1847), nom. nov.
Distribution: São Tomé; NW-Angola
23 SAO 26 ANG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus guineensis G.Don 1858 Gen.Hist.2: 481 (1832) non DC.1824
species :
Hibiscus drummondii
Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 31: I. 192 (1858)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus elliottii F.Muell.; Fragm. 1: 220 (1858)
= Hibiscus pinonianus var. drummondii (Turcz.) J.M.Black; Fl. S. Austral. 3: 381 (1986)
species :
Hibiscus elegans
Standl.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 23: 782 (1923)
Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
species :
Hibiscus elliottiae
Harv.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 2: 587 (1862)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus ebracteatus Mast.; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 206 (1868)
= Hibiscus ebracteatus var. pechuelii Kuntze
= Hibiscus elliottiae var. ebracteatus (Mast.) Hochr.
= Hibiscus elliottiae var. pechuelii (Kuntze) Hochr.
= Hibiscus elliottiae var. subciliatus Hochr.
species :
Hibiscus ellisii
Baker; J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 20: 100 (1883)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus elongatifolius
Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 117 (1900)
Distribution: W-Cameroon
23 CMN
Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1897
species :
Hibiscus engleri
K.Schum.; Revis. Gen. Pl. 69 (1891)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 MOZ ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus cordatus Harv.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 172 (1860) (non D. Dietr. 1847)
= Hibiscus irritans R.A.Dyer; Fl. Pl. Afr. 27: t. 1050 (1948)
= Hibiscus microcalycinus Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 165 (1922)
= Hibiscus subphysaloides Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 20: 163 (1917)
species :
Hibiscus eriospermus
Hochst. ex Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 38 (1948)
Distribution: Cameroon; Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea
23 CMN 24 ERI ETH SUD
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus brevitubus Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 34 (1948)
= Hibiscus rupestris Hochst. ex Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 55 (1948)
species :
Hibiscus erodiifolius
Hochr. & Humbert; Candollea 12: 179 (1949)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus escobariae
Fryxell; U. S. Dep. Agric. Techn. Bull., 1624: 42 (1980)
Distribution: Ecuador
83 ECU
species :
Hibiscus exellii
Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 77: 18 (1939)
Distribution: SW-Angola
26 ANG
Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1937
species :
Hibiscus fabiana
Cheek; Blumea 65(1): 70 (2020)
Distribution: Guinea
22 GUI
species :
Hibiscus fallax
Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 192 (2003)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus fanambanensis
M.Pignal & Phillipson; Phytotaxa 14: 44 (43-47, fig. 1-2) (2010)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus faulknerae
Vollesen; Kew Bull. 35(2): 374 (1980)
Distribution: SE-Kenya; NE-Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
species :
Hibiscus ferreirae
Fryxell & Krapov.; Novon 14(1): 65 (2004)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Rondônia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)
83 BOL 84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus ferrugineus
Cav.; Diss. 3, Tertia Diss. Bot. 162 (t. 60, f. 1) (1787)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus ferruginosus Oliv.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliv. et al.] 1(Index): 471 (1868)
= Hibiscus shirensis var. perrierellus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 20: 80 (1917)
species :
Hibiscus ficalhoanus
Exell & Mendonça; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 137 (1936)
Distribution: SW-Angola
26 ANG
Remarks: only known from the type
species :
Hibiscus fijiensis
F.D.Wilson; Brittonia 45(4): 282 (1993)
Distribution: Fiji
60 FIJ
species :
Hibiscus fischeri
Ulbr.; Engl. Pflanzenw. Afr. 3(2): 403 (1921), et in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 8: 170 (1922), descr. ampl.
Distribution: NE-Tanzania
25 TAN
Remarks: only known from the types collected in 1885 and 1892
species :
Hibiscus flagelliformis
A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Mer. 1: 243 (1827)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus flagellaris Walp.; Rep. 1: 305 (1842)
species :
Hibiscus flavifolius
Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 367 (1920)
Distribution: Ethiopia; S-Somalia; Uganda; N-Tanzania
24 ETH SOM 25 TAN UGA
species :
Hibiscus flavoroseus
Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 77: 20 (1939)
Distribution: NE-Angola
26 ANG
Remarks: only known from the type
species :
Hibiscus fleckii
Gürke ex Schinz; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 3: 404 (1895)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
species :
Hibiscus floccosus
Mast.; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 1: 343 (1874)
Distribution: Myanmar (widespread); peninsular Thailand; peninsular Malaysia (Melaka northward); Borneo
41 MYA THA 42 BOR MLY
species :
Hibiscus forsteri
F.D.Wilson; Austrobaileya 4(3): 439 (1995)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus fragilis
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 446 (1824)
Distribution: Mauritius
29 MAU
species :
Hibiscus fritzscheae
Exell & Mendonça; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 135 (1936)
Distribution: SW-Angola
26 ANG
species :
Hibiscus fryxellii
Mabb.; Taxon 34(3): 451 (1985), nom. nov.
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus spinulosus (W.Fitzg.) F.D.Wilson 1974 Austral.J.Bot.22(1): 178 (1974)
= Hibiscus zonatus var. spinulosus W.Fitzg.; J. Proc. Roy. Soc. Western Australia 3: 173 (1918)
variant :
var. mollis
Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 194 (2003)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus fugosioides
Hiern; Cat. Welw. Afr. Pl. 1: 76 (1900)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Hibiscus furcellatus
Desr.; Lam., Encyc. 3: 358 (1792)
Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai, Oahu, Maui, Hawaii Isl.); Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Nayarit, Puebla, Queretaro, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Haiti; Puerto Rico; Dominica; Trinidad; Colombia (Amazonas, Antioquia, Bolívar, Casanare, Chocó, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, Guainía, Meta, Putumayo, Santander, Valle, Vaupés, Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Apure, Barinas, Bolívar, Carabobo, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Guarico, Monagas, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Amapa, Pará, Amazonas, Tocantins, Rondônia); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Piauí, Paraíba, Bahia, Alagoas); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Amambay, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Pres. Hayes, San Pedro); Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Formosa, Misiones)
63 HAW 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 CUB DOM HIS PUE TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus corylifolius C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 2: 133 (1835)
= Hibiscus diodon DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 449 (1824)
= Hibiscus dominicus Hochr.; Bull. Herb. Boiss. Ser. 2, 5: 300 (1905)
= Hibiscus fraternus Sessé & Moc.; (1894) (non L.)
= Hibiscus furcellatus var. afurca Uittien; Pulle, Fl. Suriname 3: 21 (1932)
= Hibiscus furcellatus var. azuensis Urb. & Helwig; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 236 (1928)
= Hibiscus furcellatus var. diodon Uittien; Pulle, Fl. Suriname 3: 21 (1932)
= Hibiscus furcellatus var. dominicus (Hochr.) Hassl.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 379 (1909)
= Hibiscus furcellatus var. glandulosus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 107 (1900)
= Hibiscus furcellatus var. multiformis Gürke; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12(3): 563 (1892)
= Hibiscus furcellatus var. scabricaulis Helwig; Ark. Bot. 22A(17): 28 (1929)
= Hibiscus furcellatus var. subpalmatus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 107 (1900)
= Hibiscus tomentosus A.Stahl; Estud. Fl. Puerto-Rico 2: 92 (1884), nom. illeg.
= Hibiscus trilobatus Vell.; Fl. Flum. 281 7: t. 29 (1825)
variant :
var. youngianus
(Gaudich. ex Hook. & Arn.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 107 (1900)
Name: Lindenleaf rosemallow
Distribution: USA (Florida)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus youngianus Gaudich.; Freyc. Voy. Bot. 91 ex Hook. & Arn. (1832)
species :
Hibiscus fuscus
Garcke; Bot. Zeit. 7: 854 (1849)
subspecies :
subsp. fuscus
Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; S-Ethiopia; Uganda; S-Kenya; Tanzania; Malawi; E-Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.)
23 BUR RWA ZAI 24 ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW MOZ ZIM 27 SAF
subspecies :
subsp. naivashensis
Mwachala; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Malv. 50 (2009)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
species :
Hibiscus gagnepainii
Borss.Waalk.; Blumea 14: 53 (1966) nom. nov.
Distribution: C-Vietnam
41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus squamosus Gagnep.; Notul. Syst., ed. Humbert 11: 161 (1944)
species :
Hibiscus garambensis
Hauman; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 31: 85 (1961)
Distribution: NE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
species :
Hibiscus genevii
Bojer; Hort. Maurit. 28 (1837), et ex Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3144 (1832)
Distribution: Mauritius
29 MAU
Conservation Status: Very rare
species :
Hibiscus geranioides
A.Cunn. ex Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 215 (1863)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus gilletii
De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo, Ser. V. 1: 166 (1904)
subspecies :
subsp. gilletii
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Angola
23 ZAI 26 ANG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus poggei Gürke ex Engl.; Engl. Pfilanzenw. Afr. 3(2): (Engl. & Drude, Veg. der Erde, 9) 400(1921)
subspecies :
subsp. hiernianus
(Exell & Mendonça) F.D.Wilson; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 29(1): 71 (1999)
Distribution: Angola; Zambia
26 ANG ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus hiernianus Exell & Mendonça; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 136 (1936)
subspecies :
subsp. lundaensis
(Baker f.) F.D.Wilson; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 29(1): 71 (1999)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus lundaensis Baker f. [J.Bot., Lond.77: 21 (1939)]
species :
Hibiscus glandulifer
Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1910: 275 (1910)
Distribution: Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
41 CBD LAO THA VIE
species :
Hibiscus goldsworthii
F.Muell.; Fragm. 11: 30 (1878)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus goossensii
(Hauman) F.D.Wilson; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 29(1): 56 (1999)
Distribution: W-D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1920
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus rostellatus var. goosensii Hauman; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 31: 88 (1961)
species :
Hibiscus gossweileri
Sprague; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1908: 56 (1908)
Distribution: W-Angola
26 ANG
species :
Hibiscus gourmania
Hutch. & Dalziel; Fl. W. Trop. Afr. 1: 267 (1928), Hutch. & Dalziel in Kew Bull. 298 (1928)
Distribution: Burkina Faso; W-Nigeria
22 BKN NGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Gourmania grewioides A.Chev.; Explor. Bot. Afrique Occ. Franc. 1: 86 (1920), nomen
species :
Hibiscus grandidieri
Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Par. 1: 515 (1885)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
variant :
var. greveanus
(Baill.) Hochr.; Candollea 12: 172 (1949)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus greveanus Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Par. 1: 515 (1885)
variant :
var. manambolensis
(Hochr.) Hochr.; Candollea 12: 173 (1949)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus manamboloensis Hochr.; Candollea 2: 134 (1925)
variant :
var. phanerandrus
(Baker) Hochr.; Fl. Madagasc. 129: 60 (1955)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus phanerandrus Baker; J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 25: 297 (1889)
= Hibiscus phanerandrus var. lobulatifolius Hochr.; Candollea 12: 171 (1949)
species :
Hibiscus grandiflorus
Michx.; Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 46 (1803)
Name: Swamp rosemallow (EN)
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas); Cuba
77 USA 78 USA 81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus urbanii Helwig; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 236 (1928)
species :
Hibiscus grandistipulatus
(Hochr.) Hochr.; Fl. Madag., Fam. 129, 69 (1955)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus ankaramyensis var. grandistipulatus Hochr.; Candollea 14: 83 (1953)
species :
Hibiscus graniticus
Wannan; Austrobaileya 12: 20 (2022)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus greenwayi
Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 75: 99 (1937)
Distribution: Uganda; Kenya; NE-Tanzania
25 KEN TAN UGA
species :
Hibiscus gregoryi
Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 94 (2004)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus grewiifolius
Hassk.; Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor. 197 (1844)
Distribution: China (Hainan); Myanmar (Taninthayi); Thailand; Laos; Vietnam; Java
36 CHI 41 LAO MYA THA VIE 42 JAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Bombycidendron grewiifolium (Hassk.) Zoll. & Moritzi; Natuur- Geneesk. Arch. Ned.-Indië 2: 14 (1845)
= Hibiscus bantamensis Miq.; Pl. Jungh. 282 (1854)
= Hibiscus cinnamomifolius Chun & Tsiang; Sunyatsenia 4(1-2): 18-19, t. 7 (1939)
= Hibiscus gravifolius Kuntze; Bot. Centralbl. 45: 198 (1891)
= Hibiscus praeclarus Gagnep.; Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 427, t. 20b (1910)
species :
Hibiscus grewioides
Baker f.; Rendle et al., Cat. Pl. Oban: 9 (1913)
Distribution: SE-Nigeria
22 NGA
Remarks: only known from the type
species :
Hibiscus guerkeanus
Hochr.; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 40: 9 (1901)
Distribution: SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
species :
Hibiscus gwandensis
Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., sér. 2, 33: 174 (1959)
Distribution: S-Zimbabwe
26 ZIM
Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1958
species :
Hibiscus hakeifolius
Giord.; Mem. Nov-Ibis: 6 (1833)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, South Australia)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Alyogyne hakeifolia (Giord.) Alef.; Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 13: 12 (1863)
= Alyogyne lilacina (Lindl.) Lewton; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 5: 309 (1915)
= Alyogyne multifida (Paxton) Lewton; J. Washington Acad. Sci. 5: 309 (1915)
= Cienfuegosia hakeifolia (Giord.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 56 (1902)
= Cienfuegosia hakeifolia var. lilacina (Lindl.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 6: 56 (1902)
= Fugosia hakeifolia (Giord.) Hook.; Bot. Mag. t. 4261 (1846)
= Fugosia hakeifolia var. coronopifolia (Miq.) Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 220 (1863)
= Fugosia lilacinus G.Don ex Loudon; Encycl. Pl., new ed.: 1426 (1855)
= Hibiscus caronopifolius Miq.; Lehm. Pl. Preiss. 1: 239 (1845)
= Hibiscus lilacinus Lindl.; Bot. Reg. t. 2009 (1837)
= Hibiscus multifidus Paxton; Flow. Gard. 7: 103 (1840)
= Lagunaria lilacina (Lindl.) G.Don; Hort. Brit. [Sweet], ed. 3. 77 (1839)
species :
Hibiscus hasirikus
Berhaut; Fl. illustr. Senegal 6: 187 (1979)
Distribution: Senegal
22 SEN
Remarks: Status uncertain
species :
Hibiscus hasslerianus
Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 51 (1902)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul); Paraguay (Amambay, Canindeyu)
84 BRA 85 PAR
species :
Hibiscus haynaldii
F.Muell.; Wing, South Sci. Record 3: (1883)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus henningsianus
Gürke; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12(3): 559 (1892)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará, Tocantins); NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus heterophyllus
Vent.; Jard. Malm. 103. t. 103 (1805)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus aculeatus F.Dietr.; Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 3: 678 (1817) non Walter 1788
= Hibiscus divaricatus var. luteus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 121 (1900)
= Hibiscus fitzgeraldii F.Muell.; Fragm. 8: 242 (1874)
= Hibiscus flabellatus Desf.; Tabl. École Bot. 147 (1804)
= Hibiscus grandiflorus Salisb.; Parad. Lond. t. 22 (1805)
= Hibiscus heterophyllus subsp. luteus (Hochr.) F.D.Wilson; Austral. J. Bot. 22: 170 (1974)
= Hibiscus heterophyllus var. discolor Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 405 (1928)
= Hibiscus heterophyllus var. flaviflorus F.Muell.; Fragm. 6: 170 (1868)
= Hibiscus heterophyllus var. hispidifolia F.Muell.; Fragm. 6: 170 (1868)
= Hibiscus heterophyllus var. leefei Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 122 (1900)
= Hibiscus heterophyllus var. margeriae Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 405 (1928)
= Hibiscus margeriae A.Cunn. ex Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 213 (1863)
species :
Hibiscus hilarianus
Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 82 (2004), nom. nov.
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus cucurbitaceus var. cuneifolius A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 244 (1828)
species :
Hibiscus hildebrandtii
Sprague & Hutch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1907: 46 (1907)
Distribution: E-Ethiopia; Djibouti; Somalia; E-Kenya; E-Tanzania
24 DJI ETH SOM 25 KEN TAN
species :
Hibiscus hirtus
L.; Sp. Pl. 694 (1753)
Distribution: Pakistan (Peshawar); India (widespread, incl. Jammu & Kashmir); Thailand [I]; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Sumbawa); Fiji [I]
40 IND PAK 41 tha 42 JAW LSI 60 fij
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus anemoniflorus Zipp. ex Span.; Linnaea 15: 169 (1841)
= Hibiscus hirtus var. inarticulatus S.Dutta, H.Rodrigues & Chakral; Rheedea 28: 40 (2018)
= Hibiscus phoeniceus Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 3: 813 (1800), nom. illeg.
= Hibiscus rosa-malabarica Ker Gawl.; Bot. Reg. 4: t. 337 (1819)
= Hibiscus sumbawanus Warb. & Ulbr. ex Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 365 (1920)
= Hibiscus virgatus Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 71 (1825)
species :
Hibiscus hispidissimus
Griff.; Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 521 (1854)
Distribution: South Sudan [I]; Pakistan (Sind); Nepal; India (Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Yangon); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
24 ssu 40 BAN IND NEP PAK SRL 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Furcaria furcellata Ulbr.; Engl. Pflanzenw. Afr. 3(2): 400 (1921), et in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin,viii. 166 (1922)
= Furcaria roxburghii Kostel.; Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 5: 1856 (1836)
= Hibiscus aculeatus Roxb.; Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 3: 206 (1832)
= Hibiscus furcatus Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 51 (1814), ex Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 448 (1824), nomen
= Hibiscus furcatus var. microspermus Mattei
= Hibiscus hamatus E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 177 (1860)
= Hibiscus surattensis var. furcatus (Willd.) Hochr.; Ann. Cons. Jard. B. Genève 4: 112 (1900)
species :
Hibiscus hochreutineri
Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 88 (2004)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus hochstetteri
Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 44 (1948)
Distribution: N-Ethiopia; Eritrea
24 ERI ETH
species :
Hibiscus holstii
Mwachala; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Malv. 40 (2009)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
species :
Hibiscus homblei
De Wild.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 5: 37 (1915)
Distribution: SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
species :
Hibiscus hoshiarpurensis
T.K.Paul & M.P.Nayar; Bull. Bot. Surv. India, 25(1-4): 188 (1983 publ. 1985)
Distribution: India (Punjab)
40 IND
species :
Hibiscus huegelii
Endl.; Enum. Pl. Hueg. 10 (1837)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, South Australia)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Alyogyne huegelii (Endl.) Fryxell; Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales 92: 265 (1968)
= Alyogyne leptochlamys (Benth.) P.J.Lang; Swainsona 37(4): 99 (2023)
= Hibiscus geranifolius Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 31: I. 195 (1858)
= Hibiscus grossulariifolius Miq.; Lehm. Pl. Preiss. 1: 240 (1845)
= Hibiscus huegelii var. angulatus Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 217 (1863)
= Hibiscus huegelii var. glabrescens Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 217 (1863)
= Hibiscus huegelii var. grossulariifolius (Miq.) Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 217 (1863)
= Hibiscus huegelii var. leptochlamys Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 217 (1863)
= Hibiscus huegelii var. quinquevulnera Hook.; Bot. Mag. 89: t. 5406 (1863)
= Hibiscus huegelii var. wrayae (Lindl.) Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 217 (1863)
= Hibiscus meisneri Miq.; Lehm. Pl. Preiss. 1: 240 (1845)
= Hibiscus pinonianus Miq.; Lehm. Pl. Preiss. 1: 240 (1845)
= Hibiscus wrayae Lindl.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 26(Misc.): 69 (1840)
= Pariti wrayae (Lindl.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 311 (1842)
species :
Hibiscus huillensis
Hiern; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 26 (1948)
Distribution: SW-Angola
26 ANG
species :
Hibiscus hundtii
Exell & Mendonça; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 138 (1936)
Distribution: SW-Angola
26 ANG
Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1948
species :
Hibiscus indicus
(Burm.f.) Hochr.; Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 2: 163 (1949)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Hainan); Taiwan; Vietnam [I]; Java [I]; Cuba [I]
36 CHI 38 TAI 41 vie 42 jaw 81 cub
Synonyms: hidden
= Abelmoschus venustus (Weinm.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 309 (1842)
= Alcea indica Burm.f.; Fl. Indica 149 (1768)
= Althaea indica (Burm.f.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 66 (1840)
= Hibiscus javanicus Weinm.; Syll. Pl. Nov. 2: 172 (1828)
= Hibiscus platystegius Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31(1): 194 (1858)
= Hibiscus venustus Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 71 (1825)
variant :
var. integrilobus
(S.Y.Hu) K.M.Feng; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 49(2): 73 (1984)
Distribution: China
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus venustus var. integrilobus S.Y.Hu; Fl. China Family 153: 50 (1955)
species :
Hibiscus inimicus
Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 197 (2003)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus insularis
Endl.; Prodr. Fl. Norfolk. 132 (1833)
Distribution: Norfolk Isl. (Philip Isl.)
50 NFK
Conservation Status: critically endangered
species :
Hibiscus isalensis
Hochr. & Humbert; Candollea 12: 180 (1949)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus itirapinensis
Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 104 (2004)
Distribution: Brazil (São Paulo)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus jacksonianus
Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., sér. 2, 33: 180 (1959)
Distribution: Malawi; Mozambique
26 MLW MOZ
species :
Hibiscus jaliscensis
Fryxell; U. S. Dep. Agric. Techn. Bull., 1624: 10 (1980)
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
species :
Hibiscus kabuyeanus
Mwachala; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Malv. 60 (2009)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
species :
Hibiscus kaute
L.A.J.Thomson & Butaud; Pacific Sci. 76(2): 179 (2022)
Distribution: Marquesas Isl.; American Samoa; Cook Isl.; Fiji; Society Isl.; New Caledonia
60 ASA FIJ NWC 61 COO MRQ SCI
species :
Hibiscus keilii
Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 681 (1924)
Distribution: Rwanda; ?Burundi; Kenya; NE-Tanzania
23 RWA 25 KEN TAN
species :
Hibiscus kenneallyi
Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 200 (2003)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus kirkii
Mast.; Oliv., Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 199 (1868)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana
26 MOZ ZIM 27 BOT NAM
species :
Hibiscus kirstyae
Craven; Muelleria 35: 4 (2016)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus kitaibelifolius
A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Mer. 1: 248 (1827)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus kochii
Fryxell; U. S. Dep. Agric. Techn. Bull., 1624: 38 (1980)
Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Michoacan, Oaxaca)
79 MEX
species :
Hibiscus kokio
Hillebr. ex Wawra; Flora 56: 174 (1873)
subspecies :
subsp. kokio
Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Maui, Hawaii Isl.?)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Rare
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus arnottianus var. kokio (Hillebr.) Hochr.
= Hibiscus kahilii C.N.Forbes; Occas. Papers Bishop Mus., Honolulu 5: 4 (1912)
= Hibiscus kokio var. pekeloi O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Phytologia 35(6): 465 (1977)
= Hibiscus kokio var. pukoonis Caum
= Hibiscus oahuensis O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Phytologia 35(6): 468 (1977)
= Hibiscus ula O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Phytologia 35(6): 467 (1977)
subspecies :
subsp. saintjohnianus
(M.J.Roe) D.M.Bates; Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 29: 105 (1989)
Distribution: Hawaii (northwest Kauai)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Rare
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus roeatae H.St.John; Pac. Sci. 26(3): 286 (1972)
= Hibiscus saintjohnianus M.J.Roe; Pacific Sci. 15: 18 (1961)
species :
Hibiscus krichauffianus
F.Muell.; Rep. Babb. Exped. 7 (1859)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus krichauffianus var. chippendalei Fryxell; Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 92: 263 (1968)
species :
Hibiscus labordei
H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12(317-321): 184-185 (1913)
Distribution: China (Guizhou)
36 CHI
species :
Hibiscus laevis
All.; Auct. Syn. Meth. Stirp. Hort. Regii Taur. 31 (1773)
Name: Halberdleaf rosemallow, Sweatingweed (EN)
Distribution: +Canada (+Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia); Uzbekistan [I]
32 uzb 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus coccineus var. virginicus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 139 (1900)
= Hibiscus hastatus Michx. ex DC.; Prod. 1: 451 (1824)
= Hibiscus laevis Scop.; Delic. Fl. Faun. Insubr. 3: 35 (1788), nom. illeg.
= Hibiscus militaris Cav.; Diss. 6, Sexta Diss. Bot. 352 (t. 198, f. 2) (1788)
= Hibiscus riparius Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Pers.] 2(1): 254 (1806)
= Sphaeroma ambiguum (Ten.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 74 (1891)
species :
Hibiscus lamalama
Callm., Buerki & Koopman; Candollea 64(2): 194 (2009)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus lasiococcus
Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Par. 1: 511 (1885)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus domatiocarpus Hochr.; Candollea 2: 123 (1925)
species :
Hibiscus lavaterioides
Moric.; Nouv. Am. 23. t. 16 ex Ser. (1830)
Distribution: Java [I]; Mexico (Chiapas, Hidalgo, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica; Guadeloupe; Martinique
42 jaw 79 MEX 80 BLZ ELS GUA HON 81 CAY GDL JAM MAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus longipes Standl.; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 14: 238 (1924)
= Abutilon marmoratum Lem.; Illustr. Hortic. 3: t. 82 (1856)
species :
Hibiscus laxiflorus
A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Mer. 1: 245 (1827)
Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz); WC-Brazil (Goiás)
83 BOL 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Abelmoschus laxiflorus (A.St.-Hil.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 310 (1842)
species :
Hibiscus ledermannii
Ulbr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 374 (1912)
Distribution: N-Cameroon
23 CMN
species :
Hibiscus leptocladus
Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 214 (1863)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus microchlaenus var. leptocladus (Benth.) Fryxell; Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 92: 262 (1968)
species :
Hibiscus leviseminus
M.G.Gilbert, Y.Tang & Dorr; Fl. China 12: 292 (2007)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Shaanxi)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus leiospermus K.T.Fu & C.C.Fu; Fl. Tsinling. 1(3): 290, 454, t. 250 (1981), homonym
species :
Hibiscus liliastrum
Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard Bot. Geneve 20: 91 (1917)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus liliazanza
Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard Bot. Geneve 20: 93 (1917)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus liliiflorus
Cav.; Diss. 3: 154. t. 57, f. 1 (1787)
Distribution: +La Réunion; Rodrigues; Seychelles [I]
29 REU ROD sey
Synonyms: hidden
= Malvaviscus fragilis Bory ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 446 (1824), nom. inval.
= Malvaviscus puniceus Bory ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 446 (1824), nom. inval.
species :
Hibiscus loandensis
Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. 1: 69 (1896)
Distribution: Cabinda; ?W-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; W-Angola
23 CAB 26 ANG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus physaloides var. loandensis (Hiern) Hochr.
species :
Hibiscus lobatus
(Murray) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 19 (1898)
Distribution: +Senegal; Burkina Faso; ?Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Central African Republic; SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Sudan; +N-Ethiopia; ?Eritrea; Soqotra; Uganda; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; Madagascar; La Réunion [I]; China (Hainan); Pakistan (Sind, Kurram, Pakistani Punjab, Rawalpindi, Kotli, Mirpur); Nepal; Bhutan; India (almost throughout); Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives]; Maldives; Sri Lanka; Myanmar; Thailand; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl.; Trinidad & Tobago [I]
22 BKN NGA SEN 23 CAF CMN ZAI 24 ETH SOC SUD 25 UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM 29 MDG reu 36 CHI 40 BHU IND LDV MDV NEP PAK SRL 41 MYA THA 42 JAW LSI 81 trt
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus abyssinicus Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 758 (1840), nomen
= Hibiscus albus Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 1876E (1829), nom. inval.
= Hibiscus lobata (Murray) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 19 (1898)
= Hibiscus lobatus var. sinuatus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 129 (1900)
= Hibiscus ochroleucus Baker; J. Bot. 20: 46 (1882)
= Hibiscus parkeri Baker; J. Bot. 20: 46 (1882)
= Hibiscus parviflorus R.Br.; Salt, Voy. Abyss., App.: Ixv (1814), nom. inval.
= Hibiscus pumilus Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. (97) (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 3: 203 (1832)
= Hibiscus solandra L´Hér.; Stirp. Nov. 1: 103, t. 49 (1789)
= Hibiscus torulosus Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 383 (1796)
= Laguna abyssinica Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 71 (1847)
= Laguna lobata (Murray) Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 3: 733 (1800)
= Laguna sileniflora Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 1882 (1829), nom. inval.
= Lagunaria lobata (Murray) Schreb. ex Spreng.; Bot. Gart. Halle: 52 (1800)
= Sida diversifolia Spreng.; Syst. 3: 116 (1826)
= Sida heterophylla Klein ex Spreng.; Syst. 3: 116 (1826)
= Solandra lobata Murray; Comment. Soc. Regiae Sci. Gött. 6: 20, t. 1 (1785)
= Triguera acerifolia Cav.; Diss. 1: 41 (1785)
species :
Hibiscus lonchosepalus
Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard Bot. Geneve 20: 169 (1917)
Distribution: Benin; Nigeria
22 BEN NGA
species :
Hibiscus longifilus
Fryxell; Brittonia 25(2): 78 (1973)
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca, Puebla)
79 MEX
species :
Hibiscus longisepalus
Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard Bot. Geneve 20: 167 (1917)
Distribution: Mauritania; Senegal; Mali; Burkina Faso; SW-Niger
22 BKN MLI MTN NGR SEN
species :
Hibiscus ludwigii
Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. 39 (1834 publ. 1835)
Distribution: Cameroon; E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; S-Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.)
23 BUR CMN RWA ZAI 24 ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW ZAM ZIM 27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus calycularis E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 171 (1860)
species :
Hibiscus lunariifolius
Willd.; Sp. Pl. 3: 811 (1800)
Distribution: Togo; Zimbabwe; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga); India (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka; Myanmar; Java; Jamaica [I]
22 TOG 26 ZIM 27 BOT SAF 40 IND SRL 41 MYA 42 JAW 81 jam
Synonyms: hidden
= Cotyloplecta dongolensis Alef.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 13: 15 (1863)
= Cotyloplecta macrantha Alef.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 13: 15 (1863)
= Hibiscus pruriens Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 51 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 3: 196 (1832) ex Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 448 (1824), descr.
= Hibiscus racemosus Lindl.; Bot. Reg. 11: t. 917 (1825)
species :
Hibiscus mabberleyi
L.A.J.Thomson; Pacific Sci. 77(1): 57 (2023)
Distribution: France [c]; Hawaii
12 fra 63 HAW
species :
Hibiscus macilwraithensis
(Fryxell) Craven & B.E.Pfeil; Adansonia, sér. 3, 26(2): 237 (2004)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Macrostelia grandifolia subsp. macilwraithensis Fryxell; Austral. J. Bot. 22(1): 191 (1974)
species :
Hibiscus macranthus
Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 55 (1847)
Distribution: W-Cameroon; E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; ?Burundi; South Sudan; E-Ethiopia; Eritrea; Uganda; ?Kenya; ?Tanzania
23 CMN RWA ZAI 24 ERI ETH SSU 25 UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cienfuegosia althaeoides Chiov.; Racc. Bot.: 11 (1935)
= Hibiscus ellenbeckii Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 163 (1922)
= Hibiscus macranthus Hochst.; Flora. 24: I. Intell. 29 (1841)
= Hibiscus rutshuruensis De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 1: 507 (1922)
= Hibiscus teramnensis Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 636 (1907)
species :
Hibiscus macrogonus
Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Par. i 510 (1885)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus rectiramosus Hochr.; Candollea 12: 163 (1949)
species :
Hibiscus macropodus
Wagner & Vierh.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr., 61 (1904)
Distribution: Soqotra
24 SOC
species :
Hibiscus maculatus
Lam.; Encyc. 3: 349 (1792)
subspecies :
subsp. maculatus
Distribution: Cuba; Dominican Republic; Haiti; Colombia (Antioquia, Cauca, Chocó, Valle)
81 CUB HIS 82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus diversifolius var. granatensis Triana & Planch.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4, 17: 165 (1862)
subspecies :
subsp. nipensis
(Carabia) F.Areces; Revista Jard. Bot. Nac. Univ. Habana 25-26: 32 (2006)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus nipensis Carabia; Mem. Soc. Cubana Hist. Nat. 17: 16 (1943)
species :
Hibiscus macverryi
L.A.J.Thomson & Braglia; Pacific Sci. 73(1): 104 (2019)
Distribution: Fiji
60 FIJ
species :
Hibiscus makinoi
Jôtani & H.Ohba; J. Jap. Bot. 59: 219 (1984)
Distribution: Japan (Kyushu, Yakushima Isl., Tanegashima Isl.); Ryukyu Isl.
38 JAP NNS
species :
Hibiscus malacophyllus
Balf.f.; Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinb. 11: 503 (1882)
Distribution: Soqotra
24 SOC
species :
Hibiscus malacospermus
(Turcz.) E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 174 (1860)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; Namibia; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho
26 ZIM 27 LES NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus microcarpus Garcke; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 7: 836 (1849)
= Hibiscus tridentatus E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 174 (1860)
= Kosteletzkya malacosperma Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31(I): 192 (1858)
species :
Hibiscus mandrarensis
Humbert ex Hochr.; Candollea 12: 175 (1949)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus mangindranensis
Hochr.; Candollea 14: 80 (1953)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus manuripiensis
Krapov.; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 17(1): 37 (2008)
Distribution: Bolivia (Pando)
83 BOL
Conservation Status: Known only from type
species :
Hibiscus marenitensis
Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 203 (2003)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus mariae
Krapov.; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 15(1-2): 49 (2006)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus marioniae
Dorr; PhytoKeys 214: 2, fig. 1 (2022)
Distribution: Guyana
82 GUY
species :
Hibiscus marlothianus
K.Schum.; Bot. Jahrb. 10: 411 (1889)
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Free State, N-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Hibiscus martianus
Zucc.; Linnaea 24: 193 (1851)
Name: Heartleaf rosemallow
Distribution: USA (S-Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Nuevo Leon, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus cardiophyllus A.Gray; Pl. Wright. 1: 22 (1852) (non Baill. 1885)
species :
Hibiscus masasianus
Mwachala; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Malv. 68 (2009)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Hibiscus mastersianus
Hiern; Cat. Welw. Afr. Pl. 1: 71 (1900)
Distribution: Tanzania; NW-Angola; Zambia; Zimbabwe; W-Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; India (C-India, S-India, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand)
25 TAN 26 ANG MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM 40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus beddomei Rakshit & Kundu; Sci. & Cult. 27: (New Spec. & Var. Hibisc. 1) 193 (1961)
= Hibiscus pachmarhicus Haines; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1914: 24 (1914)
= Hibiscus surattensis var. mastersianus (Hiern) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 112 (1900)
species :
Hibiscus matogrossensis
Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 86 (2004), nom. nov.
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus furcellatus var. scaber R.E.Fr.; Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., n.f., 42(12): 41 (1908)
species :
Hibiscus mechowii
Garcke; Linnaea 43: 121 (1880 publ. 1882)
Distribution: Burkina Faso; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; W-Zimbabwe; Namibia; Botswana; Venezuela [I]
22 BKN 23 BUR CAF RWA ZAI 25 TAN 26 ANG ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM 82 ven
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus lancibracteatus De Wild. & T.Durand; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 38(1, Comp. Rend.): 25 (1899)
species :
Hibiscus megistanthus
Hochr.; Candollea 12: 165 (1949)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus menzeliae
F.D.Wilson & Byrnes; Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. 95: 194 (1970)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus meraukensis
Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 11: & 12: 8 (1907)
Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isl.; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)
42 LSI NWG 50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Brockmania membranacea W.Fitzg.; J. Roy. Soc. W. Austral 3: 174 (1918)
species :
Hibiscus merxmuelleri
Roessler; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 107(1-4): 11 (1985)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
species :
Hibiscus mesnyi
Pierre ex Laness.; Pl. util. Colon. Franc. 291 (1886)
Distribution: S-Vietnam; New Caledonia [I]
41 VIE 60 nwc
species :
Hibiscus meyeri
Harv.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 173 (1860)
subspecies :
subsp. meyeri
Distribution: S-Zimbabwe; S-Mozambique; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 MOZ ZIM 27 BOT SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus mendoncae Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., sér. 2, 33: 171 (1959)
= Hibiscus micranthus var. grandifolius Fiori; Agric. Colon. 5(App.): 258 (1912)
= Hibiscus microphyllus E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 173 (1860)
subspecies :
subsp. transvaalensis
(Exell) Exell; Fl. Zambes. 1(2): 454 (1961)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga)
26 ZIM 27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus mendoncae subsp. transvaalensis Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., sér. 2, 33: 172 (1959)
species :
Hibiscus meyeri-johannis
Ulbr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 51: 229 (1914)
Distribution: Rwanda; ?Burundi
23 RWA
species :
Hibiscus micranthus
L.f.; Suppl. Pl.: 308 (1782)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria (incl. Hoggar); Egypt (SE-Egypt); Mauritania; Senegal; Mali; Burkina Faso; Togo; Niger; N-Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Soqotra; ?Kenya; ?Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Iran (S-Iran); Israel (Rift Valley, Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, Dahana, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Midyan, Asir); Oman (Dhofar, Mascat & Oman); Yemen (Aden Desert, N-Inner Yemen, SW-Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen); Pakistan (Karachi, Sind, Baluchistan, Waziristan, Pakistani Punjab, Jhelum); India (almost throughout); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Mandalay)
20 ALG EGY MOR 22 BKN MLI MTN NGR SEN TOG 24 CHA DJI ERI ETH SOC SOM SSU SUD 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 29 MDG 34 IRN ISR SIN 35 OMA SAU YEM 40 BAN IND PAK SRL 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Bombyx micranthus (L.f.) I.Riedl; Fl. Iranica 120: 34 (1976)
= Hibiscus capillipes Mattei; Chiov. Result. Sci. Miss. Stefan. Paoli Somol. It. 1: 31 (1916)
= Hibiscus clandestinus Cav.; Icon. 1: 1, t. 2 (1791)
= Hibiscus intermedius Hochst. ex T.Anderson; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5(Suppl. 1): 8 (1860), nom. illeg.
= Hibiscus micranthus var. alii Abedin; Pakistan J. Bot. 12: 53 (1980)
= Hibiscus micranthus var. asper Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 48 (1948)
= Hibiscus micranthus var. clandestinus (Cav.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 32: 205 (1941)
= Hibiscus micranthus var. hermanniifolius (Hochst. ex Hochr.) Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 50 (1948)
= Hibiscus micranthus var. lepineyi Sauvage; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 25-27: 383 (1949)
= Hibiscus micranthus var. parvifolius (Hochst. ex T.Anderson) Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 49 (1948)
= Hibiscus micranthus var. rigidus (L.f.) Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 49 (1948)
= Hibiscus micranthus var. subclandestinus Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 32: 205 (1941)
= Hibiscus parvifolius Hochst. ex T.Anderson; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5(Suppl. 1): 8 (1860)
= Hibiscus pavoniformis Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 515 (1885)
= Hibiscus rigidus L.f.; Suppl. 310 (1781)
= Hibiscus suborbiculatus Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 1906 (1829), nomen
species :
Hibiscus minkebeensis
Burg; Fl. Gabon 45: 59 (2013)
Distribution: Gabon
23 GAB
species :
Hibiscus minutibracteolus
F.D.Wilson; Austral. J. Bot. 22(1): 178 (1974)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus mongallaensis
Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 75: 100 (1937)
Distribution: South Sudan
24 SSU
species :
Hibiscus moscheutos
L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 693 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. moscheutos
Name: Crimsoneyed rosemallow, Common rosemallow (EN); Sumpf-Roseneibisch (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal [I]; Spain [I]; France [I]; Monaco [c]; Italy [I]; Algeria [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; China [I] (Beijing [I], Jiangsu [I], Shanghai [I], Yunnan [I], Zhejiang [I], Shandong [I]); South Korea [I]; Taiwan [I]; Canada (Ontario); USA (Alabama, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
11 ger 12 fra mco por spa 13 ita 20 alg 32 uzb 36 chi 38 kor tai 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Abelmoschus aquaticus (DC.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 311 (1842)
= Abelmoschus palustris (L.) Walp.; Rep. 1: 311 (1842)
= Abelmoschus roseus (Loisel.) Walp.; Rep. 1: 311 (1842)
= Althaea grandiflora Scop.; Delic. Fl. Faun. Insubr. 2: 33 (1787)
= Hibiscus aquaticus DC.; Fl. Franc. (DC. & Lam.), ed. 3. 6: 627 (1815)
= Hibiscus incanus H.L.Wendl.; Bot. Beob. [Wendland] 54 (1798)
= Hibiscus laevigatus Targ.Tozz. ex Colla; Hortus Ripul., App. 2: 349 (1826)
= Hibiscus moscheutos f. peckii House; Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist. 243-244: 54 (1923)
= Hibiscus moscheutos subsp. incanus (J.C.Wendl.) H.E.Ahles; J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 80: 173 (1964)
= Hibiscus moscheutos subsp. palustris (L.) R.T.Clausen; Cornell Univ. Agric. Exp. Sta. Mem. 291: 8 (1949)
= Hibiscus moscheutos subsp. roseus (Thore ex Loisel.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 610 (1936)
= Hibiscus moscheutos var. flavescens Alph.Wood; Class-book Bot., ed. 2b: 270 (1861)
= Hibiscus oculiroseus Britton ex L.H.Bailey; Standard Cycl. Hort. 3: 1486 (1915)
= Hibiscus opulifolius Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. Crit. 2: 65 (1910)
= Hibiscus palustris f. oculiroseus (Britton ex L.H.Bailey) Fernald; Rhodora 41: 112 (1939)
= Hibiscus palustris f. peckii (House) House; Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist. 254: 490 (1924)
= Hibiscus palustris L.; Sp. Pl. 693 (1753)
= Hibiscus palustris proles roseus (Thore ex Loisel.) Rouy & E.G.Camus; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 7: 411 (1901)
= Hibiscus petioliflorus Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. iii. 543 (1812)
= Hibiscus pinetorum Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. Crit. 2: 66 (1910)
= Hibiscus roseus Thore ex Loisel.; Fl. Gall.: 434 (1807)
subspecies :
subsp. lasiocarpos
(Cav.) O.J.Blanch.; Novon 18(1): 4 (2008)
Name: Woolly rosemallow (EN)
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, California, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua)
74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus californicus Kellogg; Proc. Calif. Acad. 4: 292 (1873)
= Hibiscus langloisii Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 67 (1910)
= Hibiscus lasiocarpos Cav.; Diss. 3: 159. t. 70, f. 1 (1787)
= Hibiscus lasiocarpos var. californicus (Kellogg) L.H.Bailey; Stand. Cycl. Hort. 3: 1486 (1915)
= Hibiscus lasiocarpos var. occidentalis A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 22: 303 (1887)
= Hibiscus leucophyllus Shiller; Southwest. Nat. 5: 170 (1960)
= Hibiscus moscheutos var. lasiocarpos (Cav.) B.L.Turner; Phytologia 90(3): 379 (2008)
= Hibiscus moscheutos var. occidentalis Torr.; U.S. Expl. Exped., Phan. 17(2): 256 (1874)
= Hibiscus platanoides Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. Crit. 2: 66 (1910)
species :
Hibiscus moxicoensis
Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 77: 21 (1939)
Distribution: E-Angola
26 ANG
Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1937
species :
Hibiscus muhamedis
Webb; Fragm. Fl. Aethiop.-Aegypt.: 46 (1854)
Distribution: Sudan
24 SUD
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Hibiscus multiformis
A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Mer. 1: 246 (1827)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus mutabilis
L.; Sp. Pl. 694 (1753)
Name: Dixie rosemallow, Confederate rose (EN); Malva rosa (Cuba), Maravilla (Dominican Republic), Malvilla (Hispaniola), Changeable rose, Maravilla, Caractere des hommes, Caractere des femmes, Caractere des dames, Cotton rose, Confederate rose (Lesser Antilles), Maravilla (Puerto Rico)
Distribution: Gambia [I]; Cameroon [I]; Principe Isl. [I]; São Tomé [I]; Central African Republic [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; Mozambique [I]; South Africa [I] (Gauteng [I]); Madagascar [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hebei, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shandong, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Shaanxi, Guizhou); South Korea [I]; Japan [I]; Ryukyu Isl. [I]; Taiwan; Pakistan [I]; India [c]; Bangladesh [I]; Andaman Isl. [I]; Nicobar Isl. [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Lord Howe Isl. [I]; New Caledonia [I]; Rotuma Isl. [I]; Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I], Penrhyn [I], etc.); Society Isl. [I] (Raiatea [I]); Palau [I] (Koror [I], Sonsorol [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Faraulep [I], Truk [I], Kapingamarangi [I], Pohnpei [I], Kosrae [I]); Marshall Isl. [I] (Kwajalein [I], Arno [I], Jaluit [I]); Hawaii [I] (Oahu [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Louisiana [I]); Mexico [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Martinique [I]; Barbados [I]; Tobago [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Surinam [I]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]
22 gam 23 caf cmn pri sao 26 moz zim 27 saf 29 mau mdg reu 36 CHI 38 jap kor nns TAI 40 ban ind pak 41 and cbd mya ncb tha vie 42 jaw phi 50 lhi 60 fij nue nwc rot 61 coo sci 62 gum mic mrs plu 63 haw 78 usa 79 mex 80 cos els hon nic 81 bbd cub gdl his jam mar trt 82 clm sur ven 83 bol ecu per
Synonyms: hidden
= Abelmoschus mutabilis (L.) Wall. ex Hassk.; Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor. 198 (1844)
= Hibiscus aestuans Rottler ex Mast.; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 1: 845 (1874), nom. inval.
= Hibiscus immutabilis Dehnh. ex Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 307 (1842)
= Hibiscus malvarosa Noronha; Verh. Batav. Gen. 5: ed. I. Art. 4: 17 (1790), nomen
= Hibiscus mutabilis f. plenus (Andrews) S.Y.Hu; Fl. China Family 153: 51 (1955)
= Hibiscus mutabilis var. flore-pleno Andrews; Bot. Repos. 4: t. 228 (1802)
= Hibiscus mutabilis var. roseoplenus Makino; Ill. Fl. Japan 1: 235 (1985)
= Hibiscus sinensis Mill.; Gard. Dict. (ed. 8) 2 (1768)
= Ketmia mutabilis (L.) Moench; Methodus 617 (1794)
species :
Hibiscus mutatus
N.E.Br.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1906: 99 (1906)
Distribution: S-Malawi; Zimbabwe; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov.)
26 MLW ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF
species :
Hibiscus naegelei
Ulbr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 374 (1912)
Distribution: Uganda
25 UGA
Remarks: only known from the type
species :
Hibiscus nanuzae
Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 92 (2004)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus nelsonii
Rose & Standl.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 23: 778 (1923)
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)
79 MEX
species :
Hibiscus ngokbanakii
Burg; Fl. Gabon 45: 62 (2013)
Distribution: Gabon
23 GAB
species :
Hibiscus nigricaulis
Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 77: 19 (1939)
Distribution: SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; ?Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]
23 ZAI 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus meeusei Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., sér. 2, 33: 165 (1959)
species :
Hibiscus noldeae
Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 77: 20 (1939)
Distribution: Sierra Leone; Ivory Coast; SE-Nigeria; Cameroon; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; ?Burundi; S-Chad; Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; ?Tanzania; Angola; NE-Zambia
22 IVO NGA SIE 23 CAF CMN CON GAB RWA ZAI 24 CHA ETH SUD 25 UGA 26 ANG ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus eetveldeanus var. asperatus De Wild.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 3: 279 (1911)
= Hibiscus furcatus Mullend.; (1954) (non Roxb. 1814)
species :
Hibiscus noli-tangere
A.G.Mill.; Ethnoflora of Soqotra: 725 (2004)
Distribution: Soqotra
24 SOC
species :
Hibiscus normanii
F.Muell.; Fragm. 3: 4 (1862)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus obtusilobus
Garcke; Bot. Zeit. 7: 837 (1849)
Distribution: Mauritania; Niger; Sudan; SE-Ethiopia; NE-Kenya; Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan, Pakistani Punjab); India (Gujarat, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan)
22 MTN NGR 24 ETH SUD 25 KEN 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus amblyocarpus Hochst.; Webb, Fragm. Fl. Aethiop. 45 (1854), nom. superfl.
= Hibiscus laguneoides Edgew.; J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 6: 199 (1862)
= Hibiscus punctatus Dalzell; Dalzell & A. Gibson Bomb. Fl. 20 (1861)
species :
Hibiscus okavangensis
Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., sér. 2, 33: 170 (1959)
Distribution: Namibia; Botswana
27 BOT NAM
Remarks: sometimes included in H. praeteritus
species :
Hibiscus orbicularis
Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Par. 1: 516 (1885)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus ottoi
Exell; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 138 (1936)
Distribution: SW-Angola
26 ANG
species :
Hibiscus ovalifolius
(Forssk.) Vahl; Symb. Bot. 1: 50 (1790)
Distribution: ?D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; ?Kenya; Zambia; Zimbabwe; Mauritius; La Réunion; Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I])
24 ERI ETH SSU SUD 26 ZAM ZIM 29 MAU REU 63 haw
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus baidoensis Chiov.; Fl. Somala, 100 (1929)
= Hibiscus baidoensis var. parvifolius Chiov.; Fl. Somala 1: 101 (1929)
= Hibiscus brackenridgei var. kauaiana Caum
= Hibiscus calycosus A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 62 (1847)
= Hibiscus ficarius E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 170 (1860)
= Hibiscus grandifolius Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 61 (1847)
= Hibiscus lanzae Cufod.; Miss. Biol. Borana, Racc. Bot., Angiosp.-Gymnosp. 131 (1939)
= Hibiscus rockii O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Deg., Fl. Hawaiiensis, Fam. 221 (1962)
= Hibiscus subtrilobatus Hochst. ex Mast.; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 203 (1868)
= Hibiscus triumfettifolius Thonn.; Schumach. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 312 (1827)
= Urena ovalifolia Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt. Arab. 124 (1775)
species :
Hibiscus owariensis
P.Beauv.; Fl. Owar. 2: 88(1): 117 (1816)
Distribution: Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Central African Republic
22 BEN BKN GHA IVO NGA TOG 23 CAF CMN
species :
Hibiscus oxaliflorus
Bojer ex Baker; J. Linn. Soc. 20: 99 (1883)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus cytisifolius Baker; J. Linn. Soc. 22: 447 (1887)
= Hibiscus humblotii Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 517 (1885)
species :
Hibiscus pachycarpus
Exell & Mendonça; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 139 (1936)
Distribution: N-Angola
26 ANG
Remarks: only known from the incomplete type
species :
Hibiscus pacificus
Nakai ex Y.Jôtani & H.Ohba; J. Jap. Bot. 61(4): 99 (1986)
Distribution: Volcano Isl. (Minami-Iwojima, Kita-Iwojima)
38 KZN
species :
Hibiscus palmatifidus
Baker; J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 21: 324 (1884)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
variant :
var. sakalava
Humbert; Fl. Madagasc. 129: 31 (1955)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus palmatus
Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt. Arab. 126 (1775)
Distribution: Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Soqotra; ?Kenya; ?Tanzania; Angola; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Iran (S-Iran); Yemen (Tihama, W-Yemen); Pakistan (Karachi, Sind); India (Gujarat, Rajasthan)
24 ERI ETH SOC SSU SUD 26 ANG MOZ ZIM 27 NAM SAF SWZ 34 IRN 35 YEM 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus aristaevalvis Garcke; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 7: 849 (1849)
= Hibiscus djabinianus Parsa; Kew Bull. 2: 18 (1947)
= Hibiscus intermedius A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 58 (1847) (non Bél. (1846) nec Hochst. ex T. Anderson (1860))
= Hibiscus intermedius var. aristaevalvis (Garcke) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 94 (1900)
= Hibiscus richardii I.Riedl; Fl. Iran., 120: 31 (1976) (nom. nov. superfl.)
= Hibiscus scandens Dalzell & A.Gibson; Bombay Fl.: 20 (1861), nom. illeg.
species :
Hibiscus paludicola
Fryxell & Krapov.; Novon 14(1): 67 (2004)
Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)
83 BOL 84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus paolii
Mattei; Chiov. Result. Sci. Miss. Stefan. Paoli Somal. It. 1: 32 (1916)
Distribution: S-Somalia
24 SOM
Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1913
species :
Hibiscus paramutabilis
L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herb. 1: 109, f. 50 (1922)
Distribution: China (Jiangxi)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus saltuarius Hand.-Mazz.; Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl., Denkschr. 62: 251 (1925)
variant :
var. longipedicellatus
K.M.Feng; Fl. Yunnan. 4(1): 29 (1982)
Distribution: China
36 CHI
species :
Hibiscus parkinsonii
C.E.C.Fisch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1926: 463 (1926)
Distribution: Myanmar (Taninthayi)
41 MYA
species :
Hibiscus partitus
(Hochr.) F.D.Wilson; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 29(1): 63 (1999)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus diversifolius var. partitus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 120 (1900)
species :
Hibiscus paulae
Krapov.; Bonplandia 22(2): 137 (2013)
Distribution: Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus pedunculatus
L.f.; Suppl. Pl. 309 (1782)
Distribution: S-Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Norfolk Isl. [I]
26 MOZ 27 SAF SWZ 50 nfk
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus kraussianus Buch. ex Hochst.; Flora 27: 293 (1844)
species :
Hibiscus peralbus
Fryxell; Syst. Bot. 12(2): 277 (1987)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus peripteroides
Fryxell; U. S. Dep. Agric. Techn. Bull., 1624: 32 (1980)
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas)
79 MEX
species :
Hibiscus perrieri
Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Geneve 20: 89 (1917)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
variant :
var. rosa-madagascariensis
Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 20: 89 (1917)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus peruvianus
R.E.Fr.; Svensk. Vet.-Akad. Handl., Ser. 3, 24: No. 2, 31 (1947)
Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas); Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Pando); N-Brazil (Roraima, Amazonas, Acre, Rondônia)
82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus peterianus
Gürke; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12(3): 547 (1892)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus petherickii
Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 204 (2003)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus phoeniceus
Jacq.; Hort. Vindob. 3: 11, t. 14 (1776)
Name: Brazilian rosemallow; Borrachita, Palo peregrino, Peregrina (Cuba), Cadillo de tres pies, Cadillo (Dominican Republic), Lalou (Haiti), Petit hibiscus (Lesser Antilles), Rosita (Aruba, Bonaire, Curacao)
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Bahamas; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Croix, St. Thomas); Guadeloupe; Martinique; Aruba; Bonaire; Curacao; Colombia (Antioquia, Atlántico, Bolívar, Boyacá, Córdoba, La Guajira, Magdalena, Nariño); Venezuela (Anzoategui, Aragua, Carabobo, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Miranda, Nueva Esparta); Guyana; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Brazil
79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 ARU BAH BON CUB CUR GDL HIS JAM MAR PUE VIR 82 CLM FRG GUY VEN 83 ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Bombix phoenicea (Jacq.) Medik.; Malvenfam.: 44 (1787)
= Bombycella betulina (DC.) Bello; Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 10: 241 (1881)
= Bombycella phoenicea (Jacq.) Bello; Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 10: 241 (1881)
= Bombyx phoenicea (Jacq.) Moench; Meth. 616 (1794)
= Hibiscus betulifolius Kunth; Nov. Gen. & Sp. 5: 292 (1822)
= Hibiscus betulinus DC.; Prod. 1: 452 (1824)
= Hibiscus brasiliensis L.; Sp. Pl., ed. 2. 2: 977 (1763), nom. rej.
= Hibiscus brasiliensis var. luteus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 88 (1900)
= Hibiscus brasiliensis var. sylvaticus (Benth.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 88 (1900)
= Hibiscus cavanillesianus Kunth; Nov. Gen. & Sp. 5: 289 (1822)
= Hibiscus columbinus (Moc. & Sessé) ex DC.; Prod. 1: 452 (1824)
= Hibiscus iochromus Brandegee; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 3: 385 (1909)
= Hibiscus neglectus C.Wright; Anales Acad. Ci. Méd. Habana 5: 240 (1868)
= Hibiscus phoeniceus var. albiflorus Gürke; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12(3): 567 (1892)
= Hibiscus phoeniceus var. rubriflorus Gürke; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12(3): 566 (1892)
= Hibiscus sylvaticus Benth.; Pl. Hartw. [Bentham] 114 (1843)
= Hibiscus unilateralis Cav.; Diss. 3, Tertia Diss. Bot. 158 (t. 67) (1787)
= Hibiscus violaceus Brandegee; Zoe 5: 211 (1905), nom. illeg.
= Kosteletzkya bracteosa M.E.Jones; Contrib. West. Bot. No. 15, 147 (1929)
= Pavonia brasiliensis (L.) Spreng.; Syst. 3: 100 (1826)
species :
Hibiscus phyllochlaenus
F.Muell.; Fragm. 9: 128 (1875)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Hibiscus physaloides
Guill. & Perr.; Fl. Seneg. Tent. 1: 52 (1830)
Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Fogo Isl.); Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; ?Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Togo; Benin; SW-Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon; São Tomé; Annobon Isl.; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; SW-Chad; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Kenya; ?Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.); Mozambique Channel Isl. [Iles Éparses] [I] (Juan de Nova Isl. [I]); Iles Glorieuses; Seychelles [I]
21 CVI 22 BEN BKN GAM GNB IVO LBR MLI NGA NGR SEN SIE TOG 23 ANN CAF CMN CON GAB SAO ZAI 24 CHA ERI ETH SSU 25 KEN 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 SAF SWZ 29 COM IGL mci MDG sey
Synonyms: hidden
= Abelmoschus ascendens Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 310 (1842)
= Hibiscus atroviolaceus Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 518 (1885)
= Hibiscus hornei Baker; Fl. Maurit. 23 (1877)
= Hibiscus ribesifolia Guill. & Perr.; Fl. Seneg. Tent. 1: 53 (1830)
= Hibiscus variabilis Garcke; Bot. Zeit. 7: 841 (1849)
species :
Hibiscus pinonianus
Gaudich.; Freyc. Voy. Bot. 476. t. 100 (1829)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Alyogyne pinoniana (Gaudich.) Fryxell; Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. WALes 92: 265 (1968)
= Alyogyne pinoniana var. microandra Fryxell; Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 92: 265 (1968)
species :
Hibiscus platanifolius
(Willd.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 51 (1827)
Distribution: Madagascar [I]; Comores [I]; Nepal [I]; India (West Bengal, Odisha, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala); Sri Lanka; Cuba [I]; Trinidad & Tobago [I]
29 com mdg 40 IND nep SRL 81 cub trt
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus acerifolius DC.; Prod. 1: 448 (1824) (non Salisb. 1805)
= Hibiscus aestuans Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 1908 E (1829)
= Hibiscus asperatus Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 1908 B (1829), nom. inval.
= Hibiscus collinus Roxb. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 478 (1831), nom. illeg.
= Hibiscus collinus Voigt; Syll. Pl. Nov. 2: 54 (1828)
= Hibiscus eriocarpus DC.; Prod. 1: 452 (1824)
= Hibiscus gossypinus Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 518 (1885)
= Hibiscus simplex Roxb. ex G.Don; Gen. Syst. 1: 481 (1831), descr.
= Pavonia acerifolia Link & Otto; Icon. Pl. Select.: 5 (1820)
= Pavonia platanifolia Willd.; Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berl. Mag. 4: 220 (1810)
species :
Hibiscus platycalyx
Mast.; Oliv., Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 202 (1868)
Distribution: E-Tanzania; Zambia; Mozambique; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo)
25 TAN 26 MOZ ZAM 27 BOT SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus mossambicensis Gonç.; Garcia de Orta, sér. Bot. 4(1): 9 et Tab. 19 (1979)
= Hibiscus rogersii Burtt Davy; Man. Fl. Pl. & Ferns, Pt. 1, 43 (1926)
species :
Hibiscus poeppigii
(Spreng.) Garcke; Jahresb. Nat. Ver. Halle (1850), 133
Name: Poeppig´s rosemallow (EN)
Distribution: USA (Florida); Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Cuba; Jamaica; Guadeloupe [I]
78 USA 79 MEX 80 GUA 81 CUB gdl JAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Achania floridana (Nutt.) Raf.; New Fl. Am. 1: 49 (1836)
= Achania poeppigii Spreng.; Syst. 3: 100 (1826)
= Hibiscus bancroftianus Macfad.; Fl. Jamaica. 1: 70 (1837)
= Hibiscus floridanus Shuttlew. ex A.Gray; Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 22 (1852), nom. inval.
= Hibiscus macleayanus Bancr. ex Macfad.; Fl. Jamaica 1: 71 (1837), nomen, pro syn.
= Hibiscus truncatus A.Rich.; Ess. Fl. Cub. 144 (1841), nom. illeg.
= Malache poeppigii (Spreng.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 71 (1891)
= Malvaviscus floridanus Nutt.; J. Acad. Philad. 7: 89 (1834)
= Malvaviscus poeppigii (Spreng.) G.Don; Gen. Syst. 1: 475 (1831)
= Pavonia poeppigii (Spreng.) Schltdl.; Linnaea 11: 357, in textu (1837)
species :
Hibiscus pohlii
Gürke; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12(3): 564 (1892)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus poilanei
Gagnep.; Notul. Syst., ed. Humbert 11: 160 (1944)
Distribution: C-Vietnam
41 VIE
species :
Hibiscus ponticus
Rupr.; Fl. Caucasus 251 (1869)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]
33 GEO
species :
Hibiscus praeteritus
R.A.Dyer; Fl. Pl. S. Africa 11: t. 436 (1931)
Distribution: SW-Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga)
26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus hirtus subsp. africanus Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 44 (1948)
species :
Hibiscus propulsator
Craven & B.E.Pfeil; Adansonia, sér. 3, 26(2): 238 (2004)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus prunifolius
F.Dietr.; Vollst. Lexik. Gaertn. Nachtr 3: 680 (1817)
Distribution: Surinam
82 SUR
species :
Hibiscus pruriosus
Exell & Mendonça; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 139 (1936)
Distribution: N-Angola
26 ANG
Remarks: only known from the type
species :
Hibiscus pseudohirtus
Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Geneve 20: 155 (1917)
Distribution: Gambia; Mali; Cameroon
22 GAM MLI 23 CMN
species :
Hibiscus pterocarpoides
Hochr.; Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord, Hors-ser. 2: (Trav. Bot. dedies a Rene-Maire) 163 (1949)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus pulvinulifer
Borss.Waalk.; Reinwardtia 4: 48 (1956)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
species :
Hibiscus purpureus
Forssk.; Fl. Aeg-Arab. 126 (1775)
Distribution: Somalia; Yemen (W-Yemen); SW-Saudi Arabia
24 SOM 35 SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus meidiensis Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 366 (1920)
species :
Hibiscus purpusii
Brandegee; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6: 368 (1917)
Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz, Oaxaca, Chiapas)
79 MEX
species :
Hibiscus pusillus
Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap. 1: 118 (1794)
Distribution: Angola; Zimbabwe; S-Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 ANG MOZ ZIM 27 BOT LES NAM SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus atromarginatus Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. 38 (1834 publ. 1835)
= Hibiscus gossypinus Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. 38 (1834 publ. 1835)
= Hibiscus lasiospermus E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 175 (1860)
= Hibiscus macrocalyx Garcke; Bot. Zeit. 7: 838 (1849)
= Hibiscus serratus E.Mey. ex Harv.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 175 (1860)
species :
Hibiscus pycnostemon
Hochr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 18: 274 (1947)
Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; ?Burundi; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; N-Tanzania
23 RWA ZAI 24 DJI ERI ETH SOM 25 KEN TAN UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus pospischilii Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, Ivi. 54 (1948)
species :
Hibiscus quattenensis
A.G.Mill. & Thulin; Ethnofl. Soqotra Archipelago: 725 (2004)
Distribution: Soqotra
24 SOC
species :
Hibiscus radiatus
Cav.; Diss. 3: 150, t. 54, f. 2 (1787)
Name: Monarch rosemallow (EN)
Distribution: China [I] (Fujian [I]); India (Assam, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Mandalay, Mon, Yangon); Thailand [c]; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; Borneo; Philippines (Luzon); Java; Australia (Western Australia); USA [I] (Florida [I]); Mexico [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Panama [I]; Jamaica [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Lucia [I]; Trinidad & Tobago [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; Ecuador [I]; Paraguay [I]; Argentina [I]
36 chi 40 BAN IND 41 CBD LAO MYA tha VIE 42 BOR JAW PHI 50 AUS 78 usa 79 mex 80 els hon nic pan 81 gdl jam mar stl trt 82 clm guy sur ven 83 ecu 85 arg par
Synonyms: hidden
= Canhamo braziliensis Perini; Prosp. Expl. Notice Cult. Canh. Braz.: 1 (1905)
= Hibiscus cannabinus var. unidens (Lindl.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Geneve 4: 115 (1900)
= Hibiscus heptaphyllus Dalzell & A.Gibson; Bombay Fl.: 20 (1861)
= Hibiscus lindleyi Wall.; Pl. Asiat. Rar. (Wall.) 1: 4, t. 4 (Lindlei) (1829)
= Hibiscus unidens Lindl.in Edwards; Bot. Reg. 11: t. 878 (1825)
= Pavonia perinii Perini; Prospectus & Expl. Notice Cult. Canh. Braz.: 5 (1905)
species :
Hibiscus reekmansii
F.D.Wilson; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 29(1): 64 (1999)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Tanzania
23 BUR RWA ZAI 25 TAN
species :
Hibiscus reflexus
Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 206 (2003)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus retrobracteatus
(Hochr.) M.M.Hanes & Callm.; Candollea 77(2): 162 (2022)
Distribution: N-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Kosteletzkya retrobracteata Hochr.; Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord, Hora-ser. 2: (Trav. Bot. dedies a Rene-Moire) 157 (1949)
species :
Hibiscus rhabdotospermus
Garcke; Bot. Zeit. 7: 839 (1849)
Distribution: Chad; Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; ?Kenya; SW-Angola; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana
24 CHA ERI ETH SUD 26 ANG MOZ ZIM 27 BOT NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus cordatus Hochst. ex Webb; Fragm. Fl. Aethiop. 45 (1854), non D. Dietr. nec Harv.
= Hibiscus mossamedensis (Hiern) Exell & Mendonça; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 138, in adnot. (1936)
= Hibiscus rhabdotospermus var. mossamedensis Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. 1: 70 (1896)
species :
Hibiscus rhodanthus
Gürke ex Schinz; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 3: 405 (1895)
Distribution: SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; ?Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
23 ZAI 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus carsonii Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1897, 244 (1897)
= Hibiscus corneti De Wild. & T.Durand; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 38(1, Comp. Rend.): 18 (1899)
= Hibiscus micranthus f. macranthus Baker f.; J. Bot. 37: 424 (1899)
= Hibiscus petraeus Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. (Hiern) 1: 76 (1896)
= Hibiscus welwitschii Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. (Hiern) 1: 75 (1896)
species :
Hibiscus ribifolius
A.Gray; Proc. Am. Acad. 5: 154 (1861)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte)
79 MEX
species :
Hibiscus riceae
Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 209 (2003)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus richardsiae
Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., sér. 2, 33: 176 (1959)
Distribution: W-Tanzania; NE-Zambia
25 TAN 26 ZAM
species :
Hibiscus richardsonii
Lindl.; Bot. Reg. 11: t. 875 (1825)
Distribution: New Zealand (coastal Northland, Mayor Isl., Great Barrier Isl.)
51 NZL
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus trionioides G.Don; Gen. Syst. 1: 483 (1831)
species :
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
L.; Sp. Pl. 694 (1753)
Name: Shoeblackplant (EN); Cucarda, pedro segundo (ES)
Distribution: Of uncertain, possibly American origin; S-Europe [I]; Cape Verde Isl. [I] (Santo Antao Isl. [I]); Guinea [I]; Burkina Faso [I]; Benin [I]; Cameroon [I]; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo] [I]; Principe Isl. [I]; São Tomé [I]; Annobon Isl. [I]; Central African Republic [I]; Chad [I]; Zambia [I]; Mozambique [I]; St. Helena [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Rodrigues [I]; Chagos Arch. [I] (Diego Garcia [I]); Taiwan [I]; Pakistan [I]; Nepal [c]; Bhutan [I]; India [c]; Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives] [I]; Maldives [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Andaman Isl. [I]; Nicobar Isl. [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Laos [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; Singapore [I]; Borneo [I]; Brunei [I]; Sulawesi [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Lesser Sunda Isl. [I] (Bali [I]); Moluccas [I]; Solomon Isl. [I]; Australia [I] (Queensland [I]); New Caledonia [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Rotuma Isl. [I]; Tonga [I] (Late Isl. [I], etc. [I]); Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; American Samoa [c] (Tutuila [c]); [Western] Samoa [c] (´Upolu [c], Savai´i [c]); Tokelau [I] (Swains Isl. [I]); Gilbert Isl. [I] (Tarawa [I]); N-Line Isl. [I] (Teraina [I], Tabueran [I], Kiritimati [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (widespread, incl. Rarotonga [I]); Marquesas Isl. [I] (Nuku Hiva [I], Ua Huka [I], Ua Pou [I], Hiva Oa [I], Tahuata [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I]); Tuamotu Arch. [I] (Makatea Isl. [I], etc.); Austral Isl. [I] (Tubuai [I]); Palau [I] (Koror [I], Sonsorol? [I]); Northern Marianas [I] (Tinian [I], Rota [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Fais [I], Yap [I], Namonuito [I], Tol [I], Etal [I], Lukunor [I], Pohnpei [I]); Marshall Isl. [I] (Kwajalein [I], Majuro [I], Jaluit [I]); USA [I] (Florida [I]); Mexico [I] (widespread [I]); Guatemala [I]; Belize [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Isla del Coco [I]; Panama [I]; Bahamas [I]; Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I]; Anguilla [I]; St. Martin/St. Maarten [I]; Saba [I]; St. Eustatius [I]; Antigua [I]; Barbuda [I]; Montserrat [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Dominica [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Barbados [I]; Tobago [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; French Guiana [I]; Galapagos [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [c]; Ecuador (Amazon [I]); Brazil [I]
21 cvi 22 ben bkn gui 23 ann bio caf cmn pri sao 24 cha 26 moz zam 28 sth 29 cgs mau reu rod 38 tai 40 ban bhu ind ldv mdv nep pak 41 and cbd lao mya ncb tha vie 42 bor brn jaw lsi mol phi sng sul 43 sol 50 aus 60 asa fij gil nue nwc rot sam tok ton van 61 aui coo lin mrq sci tua 62 gum mic mrn mrs plu 78 usa 79 mex 80 blz coc cos els gua hon nic pan 81 aba agu bah bbd cub dom gdl his jam mar mts pue sab ste stm stv trt vir 82 clm frg guy sur ven 83 bol ECU gal per 84 bra
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus androphoropetaloides Pancher; G. H. Cuzent, Tahiti: 228 (1860), nomen
= Hibiscus arnottii Griff. ex Mast; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 1: 844 (1874), nom. inval.
= Hibiscus carminata-perfecta W.Bull; Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 68: 14 (1872)
= Hibiscus denisonii Burb.; Fl. Mag. (London), n. s., 1876: t. 232 (1876)
= Hibiscus festivalis Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 383 (1796)
= Hibiscus fulgens W.Baxter; Loudon, Hort. Brit., Suppl. 2: 563 (1839), nom. inval.
= Hibiscus fulgidus W.Bull; Gard. Chron. 1873: 606 (1873)
= Hibiscus javanicus Mill.; Gard. Dict. (ed. 8) Hibiscus n. 7 (1768)
= Hibiscus metallicus B.S.Williams; Nursery Cat. (B.S.Williams) 1869(Spring): 27 (1869)
= Hibiscus miniatus-semiplenus W.Bull; Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 68: 14 (1872)
= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. carneoplenus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)
= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. fulgidus W.Bull; Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 199: 52 (1884)
= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. kermesinus W.Bull; Gard. Chron., n. s. 1: 532 (1874)
= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. lucien-lindenii N.E.Br.; Ill. Hort. 29: 15 (1882)
= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. luteoplenus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)
= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. magnificus Van Geert; Nursery Cat. (Auguste Van Geert) 83: 16 (1882)
= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. rubroplenus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)
= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. variegatus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)
= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. vivicans W.Bull; Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 199: 52 (1884)
= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. zebrinus Van Geert; Nursery Cat. (Auguste Van Geert) 78: 15 (1879)
= Hibiscus rosiflorus Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 3: 543 (1812)
= Hibiscus rosiflorus var. simplex Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 3: 543 (1812)
= Hibiscus storckii Seem.; Bonplandia (Hannover) 9: 254 (1861), et Fl. Vit. 17 (1865)
= Hibiscus tricolor Dehnh.; Cat. Horti Camald., ed. 2: 20 (1832)
species :
Hibiscus rostellatus
Guill. & Perr.; Fl. Seneg. Tent. 1: 55 (1830)
Distribution: Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; S-Mali; Burkina Faso; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; S-Chad; South Sudan; S-Ethiopia; NW-Angola; NE-Zambia; N-Mozambique
22 BEN BKN GAM GHA GNB GUI LBR MLI NGA SEN SIE TOG 23 CAF CMN CON GAB ZAI 24 CHA ETH SSU 26 ANG MOZ ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Abelmoschus rostellatus (Guill. & Perr.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 308 (1842)
= Hibiscus furcellatoides Hochr.; Mém. Soc. Bot. France 8: 248 (1917)
= Hibiscus surattensis var. rostellatus (Guill. & Perr.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 113 (1900)
species :
Hibiscus rubriflorus
Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 77: 19 (1939)
Distribution: SW-Angola
26 ANG
species :
Hibiscus rupicola
Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., sér. 2, 33: 177 (1959)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; W-Mozambique
26 MOZ ZIM
species :
Hibiscus rutenbergii
Garcke; Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 7: 199 (1881)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Hibiscus sabdariffa
L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 695-696 (1753)
Name: Agrio de guinea, Aleluya, Aleluya roja de Guinea, Quimbombo chino, Rosella, Roselle, Sereni (Cuba), Kenaf, Hibiscus, Maravilla, Vinagrillo (Dominican Republic), Oseille de Guinee, Roselle (Haiti), Jamaican sorrel, Red sorrel, Roselle, Sorrel (Jamaica), Agrio de Guinea, Vina (Puerto Rico), Jamaica sorrel, Red sorrel, Roselle, Sorrel (Virgin Isl.
Distribution: Of unknown origin; Egypt [I] (Desert Oases [I], Nile Valley [I]); Gambia [I]; Guinea [I]; Burkina Faso [I]; Togo [I]; Benin [I]; Cameroon [I]; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo] [I]; São Tomé [I]; Gabon [I]; Congo [Brazzaville] [I]; Central African Republic [I]; NE-Chad [I]; Sudan [I]; South Sudan [I]; Angola [I]; Zambia [I]; Mozambique [I]; Namibia [I]; South Africa [I]; Madagascar [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Iraq [I] (SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia [I]); China [I] (Fujian [I], Guangdong [I], Yunnan [I], Hainan [I]); Taiwan [I]; Pakistan [I]; Nepal [I]; India [c]; Sri Lanka [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Andaman Isl. [I]; Nicobar Isl. [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Laos [I]; Laos [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Moluccas [I]; Solomon Isl. [I]; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Northern Territory [I]); Rotuma Isl. [I]; Niue [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Fiji [I]; Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Truk [I], Moen [I], Dublon [I]); Mexico [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Panama [I]; Jamaica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I]; St. Eustatius [I]; St. Kitts [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Barbados [I]; Tobago [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; French Guiana [I]; Peru [I]
20 egy 22 ben bkn gam gui tog 23 bio caf cmn con gab sao 24 cha ssu sud 26 ang moz zam 27 nam saf 29 mau mdg reu 34 irq 36 chi 38 tai 40 ban ind nep pak srl 41 and cbd lao mya ncb tha vie 42 jaw mol phi 43 sol 50 aus 60 fij nue rot van 62 gum mic 79 mex 80 cos els hon nic pan 81 bbd gdl his jam mar pue ste stk stv trt vir 82 clm frg guy sur ven 83 per
Synonyms: hidden
= Abelmoschus cruentus Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 310 (1842), nom. superfl.
= Furcaria sabdariffa (L.) Ulbr.; Engl. Pflanzenw. Afr. 3(2): 402 (1921), et in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 8: 168 (1922)
= Hibiscus acetosus Noronha; Verh. Batav. Gen. 5: ed. I. Art. 4: 17 (1790), nomen
= Hibiscus cruentus Bertol.; Fl. Guatimal.: 28 (1840), nom. superfl.
= Hibiscus cuneatus Bertol.; Nuovi Ann. Sci. Nat. 3: 138 (1840)
= Hibiscus digitatus Cav.; Diss. 3: 151, t. 70, f. 2 (1878)
= Hibiscus digitatus var. kerrianus DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 453 (1824)
= Hibiscus fraternus L.; Pl. Surin. 12 (1775)
= Hibiscus gossypifolius Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. VIII. n. 10 (1768)
= Hibiscus masuianus De Wild. & T.Durand; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique, Compt. Rend. 38: 20 (1899)
= Hibiscus palmatilobus Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1(64): 509 (1885)
= Hibiscus sanguineus Griff.; Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 520 (1854)
= Sabdariffa digitata (Cav.) Kostel.; Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 5: 1857 (1836)
= Sabdariffa rubra Kostel.; All. Pharm. Fl. 5: 1857 (1836)
species :
Hibiscus sabiensis
Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., sér. 2, 33: 169 (1959)
Distribution: E-Zimbabwe; South Africa (Limpopo)
26 ZIM 27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus micranthus var. hispidus Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 48 (1948)
species :
Hibiscus saddii
Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 104 (2004)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus sakamaliensis
Hochr.; Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord, Hors-ser. 2: (Trav. Bot. dedies a Rene-Maire) 159 (1949)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus sankowskyorum
Craven; Muelleria 35: 6 (2016)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus saponarius
Craven; Austrobaileya 4(3): 442 (1995)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus saxatilis
J.M.Wood & Evans; J. Bot. 35: 350 (1897)
Distribution: South Africa (Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]
27 SAF SWZ
species :
Hibiscus saxicola
Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 179 (1917)
Distribution: SW-Cameroon
23 CMN
Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1911
species :
Hibiscus schinzii
Gürke ex Schinz; Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 30: 176 (1888)
Distribution: N-Angola; W-Zambia; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov.)
26 ANG MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus physaloides f. schinzii (Gürke) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 162 (1900)
= Hibiscus swynnertonii Baker f. [J.Linn.Soc.Bot.40: 28 (1911)]
= Lagunaea schinzii Gürke ex Schinz; Verh, Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 30: 180 (1888)
species :
Hibiscus schizopetalus
(Dyer) Hook.f.; Bot. Mag. 106: t. 6524 (1880)
Name: Fringed rosemallow, Chinese lantern (EN); Campanilla (EN)
Distribution: Gambia [I]; Burkina Faso [I]; Benin [I]; Cameroon [I]; SE-Kenya; E-Tanzania; Mozambique [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Rodrigues [I]; China [I] (Fujian [I], Guangdong [I], Guangxi [I], Yunnan [I], Hainan [I]); Taiwan [I]; Pakistan [I]; Nepal [I]; India [c]; Bangladesh [I]; Andaman Isl. [I]; Nicobar Isl. [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Laos [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Lesser Sunda Isl. [c] (Bali [c]); Rotuma Isl. [I]; Tonga [I]; Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; Cook Isl. [I] (widespread, incl. Rarotonga [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I], Raiatea [I], Tahaa [I]); Tuamotu Arch. [I] (Makatea Isl. [I], Takapoto Atoll [I]); Palau [I] (Koror [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Yap [I], Truk [I], Moen [I], Dublon [I], Pohnpei [I]); Marshall Isl. [I] (Kwajalein [I]); USA [I] (Florida [I]); Mexico [I]; Guatemala [I]; Belize [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Panama [I]; Jamaica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I]; St. Martin/St. Maarten [I]; Saba [I]; St. Eustatius [I]; Dominica [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia [I]; Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; French Guiana [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [c]
22 ben bkn gam 23 cmn 25 KEN TAN 26 moz 29 mau reu rod 36 chi 38 tai 40 ban ind nep pak 41 and cbd lao mya ncb tha vie 42 jaw lsi phi 60 fij nue rot ton 61 coo sci tua 62 gum mic mrs plu 78 usa 79 mex 80 blz els gua hon nic pan 81 dom his jam pue sab ste stm trt vir 82 clm frg guy sur 83 bol per
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus fauriei H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 120 (1911)
= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis f. schizopetalus Mast.; Gard. Chron., n. s. 11: 538 (1879)
= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis schizopetalus (Mast.) J.Denny; Gard. Chron., n. s. 11: 538 (1879)
= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. schizopetalus (Mast.) Dyer; Gard. Chron., n. s. 11: 568 (1879)
species :
Hibiscus schweinfurthii
Gürke; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 1: 240 (1897)
Distribution: South Sudan
24 SSU
species :
Hibiscus sciadiolepidus
(Hochr.) Borss.Waalk.; Reinwardtia 4: 43 (1956), in adnot.
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Wilhelminia sciadiolepida Hochr.; Nova Guinea 14: 162 (1924)
species :
Hibiscus scindicus
Stocks; Hook. Icon. Pl. 8: t. 802 (1852)
Distribution: Djibouti; NE-Somalia; Soqotra; Iran (S-Iran); Oman; Pakistan (Karachi, Sind, Baluchistan)
24 DJI SOC SOM 34 IRN 35 OMA 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Bombyx scindicus (Stocks) I.Riedl; Fl. Iran., 120: 33 (1976)
species :
Hibiscus scotellii
Baker f.; J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 30: 74 (1894)
Distribution: Sierra Leone; Liberia; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin
22 BEN BKN GHA IVO LBR MLI SIE TOG
species :
Hibiscus scottii
Balf.f.; Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinb. 11: 503 (1882)
Distribution: Soqotra
24 SOC
species :
Hibiscus sebastianii
Fuertes; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 50(1): 66 (1992)
Distribution: Colombia (Caquetá)
82 CLM
species :
Hibiscus seineri
Ulbr.; Engl. Pflanzenw. Afr. 3(2): 397 (1921), et in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 8: 161 (1922), descr. ampl.
Distribution: Tanzania; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
25 TAN 26 MOZ ZIM
species :
Hibiscus selesiensis
Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 77: 19 (1939)
Distribution: W-Angola
26 ANG
Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1937
species :
Hibiscus setulosus
F.Muell.; Fragm. 1: 221 (1858)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus shirensis
Sprague & Hutch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1907: 47 (1907)
Distribution: Central African Republic; SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; ?Burundi; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
23 CAF RWA ZAI 26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus heterochlamys Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 367 (1920)
= Hibiscus shirensis subsp. bocarangensis Baker f.
species :
Hibiscus sidiformis
Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 518 (1885)
Distribution: Mauritania; Senegal; Mali; Burkina Faso; Benin; Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon; NE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Chad; Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Soqotra; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Madagascar; La Réunion [I]; Oman (Dhofar)
22 BEN BKN MLI MTN NGA NGR SEN 23 CMN ZAI 24 CHA ERI ETH SOC SOM SUD 25 KEN TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF 29 MDG reu 35 OMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus ambongoensis Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 518 (1885)
= Hibiscus pamanzianus Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 517 (1885)
= Hibiscus schinzii (Gürke) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 127 (1900) non Gürke (1888)
= Hibiscus ternatus var. halophilus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 20: 86 (1917)
= Hibiscus ternifoliolus F.W.Andrews; Fl. Pl. Anglo-Egypt. Sudan 2: 31 (1952)
= Laguna schinzii Gürke; Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 30: 180 (1888)
species :
Hibiscus sineaculeatus
F.D.Wilson; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 29(1): 72 (1999)
Distribution: Nigeria
22 NGA
species :
Hibiscus sinosyriacus
L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herb. 1: 109 (1922)
Distribution: China (Jiangxi)
36 CHI
species :
Hibiscus skeneae
Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 20: 165 (1917)
Distribution: W-Kenya
25 KEN
Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1907-1908
species :
Hibiscus socotranus
G.Ll.Lucas; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 7(4): t. 3675, p. 1 (1971)
Distribution: Soqotra
24 SOC
species :
Hibiscus solanifolius
F.Muell.; Fragm. 2: 116 (1860)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus somalensis
Franch.; Revoil, Fauna et Fl. Pays Comalis 17 (1882)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Djibouti; Somalia; NE-Kenya; Saudi Arabia (Asir)
24 DJI ETH SOM 25 KEN 35 SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus cernuus N.Terracc.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1: 422 (1892), nom. illeg.
= Hibiscus minimifolius Chiov.; Fl. Somala, 98 (1929)
species :
Hibiscus sororius
L.; Pl. Surin. n. 91 (1781), Amoen. Acad. 8: 260
Name: Altea, Hibisco blanco, Hibiscus blanco, Majaguilla blanca, Majaguilla (Cuba), Gombo batard, Liane de framboisin (Lesser Antilles)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Dominican Republic; Guadeloupe; Martinique; Trinidad; Colombia (Amazonas, Antioquia, Chocó, Santander); Venezuela (Delta Amacuro, Monagas); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Pando, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Amazonas, Acre); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná); Paraguay (Central); Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones)
79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA HON NIC PAN 81 CUB GDL HIS JAM MAR TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus crenatus Splitg. ex de Vriese 1848 Ned.Kruidk.Arch.1: 336 (1848)
= Hibiscus crenatus Vell.; Fl. Flum. 282 7: t. 32 (1829)
= Hibiscus sororius f. albiflorus Standl.; Contr. Arnold Arbor. 5: 101 (1933)
species :
Hibiscus sparseaculeatus
Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 76: 22 (1936)
Distribution: SE-Ethiopia; Djibouti; Kenya; N-Tanzania
24 DJI ETH 25 KEN TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus greenwayi var. megensis J.-P.Lebrun; Adansonia, sér. 2, 15( 3): 379 (1975 publ. 1976)
species :
Hibiscus spartioides
Chiov.; Fl. Somala, 99 (1929)
Distribution: SE-Ethiopia; Djibouti; N-Somalia
24 DJI ETH SOM
species :
Hibiscus spiralis
Cav.; Ic. 2: 47. t. 162 (1793)
Distribution: Mexico (Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Veracruz, Yucatan)
79 MEX
species :
Hibiscus splendens
Fraser ex Graham; Edinb. N. Phil. J. 175 (1830)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland, New South Wales)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Abelmoschus splendens (C.Fraser ex Graham) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 309 (1842)
= Malvaviscus splendens (C.Fraser ex Graham) Regel; Gartenflora 6: 77 (1857)
species :
Hibiscus splendidus
Ulbr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 373 (1912)
Distribution: Uganda; NE-Tanzania
25 TAN UGA
species :
Hibiscus squamosus
Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 165 (1900)
Distribution: Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; S-Mali; Burkina Faso; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Central African Republic; SW-Chad
22 BEN BKN GAM GHA GNB GUI MLI NGA SEN TOG 23 CAF 24 CHA
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus lepidospermus Mast.; Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 197 (1868) (non Miq. 1859)
= Hibiscus carpotrichus Hochr.; in sched.
species :
Hibiscus squarrulosus
Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 212 (2003)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus sreenarayanianus
Anilkumar & Ravi; Rheedea 4(2): 129 (1994)
Distribution: India (Kerala)
40 IND
Remarks: provisionally accepted name, status unconfirmed
species :
Hibiscus stenanthus
Balf.f.; Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinb. 11: 503 (1882)
Distribution: Soqotra
24 SOC
species :
Hibiscus stenophyllus
Baker; J. Bot. 20: 47 (1882)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus convolvuliflorus Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 516 (1885)
= Hibiscus imerinensis Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 168 (1922)
= Hibiscus ternatus var. madagascariensis Hochr.; Candollea 5: 13 (1932)
variant :
var. solandroketmia
(Hochr.) Hochr.; Fl. Madagasc. 129: 46 (1955)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus solandroketmia Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 20: 86 (1917)
species :
Hibiscus sterculiifolius
(Guill. & Perr.) Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 1: 760 (1840)
Distribution: Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria
22 BEN BKN GAM GHA GNB GUI IVO LBR MLI NGA SEN SIE TOG
Synonyms: hidden
= Abelmoschus quinquelobus (G.Don) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 310 (1842)
= Hibiscus perrottetii Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 1: 759 (1840)
= Hibiscus quinquelobus G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 482 (1831)
= Pariti quinquelobum (G.Don) Hook.f.; Niger Fl. [W. J. Hook.]. 227 (1849)
= Pariti sterculiifolium Guill. & Perr.; Fl. Seneg. Tent.: 60 (1831)
= Pariti virgatum Guill. & Perr.; Fl. Seneg. Tent.: 59 (1831)
species :
Hibiscus stewartii
Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 212 (2003)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus striatus
Cav.; Diss. 3, Tertia Diss. Bot. 146 (t. 54, f. 1) (1787)
subspecies :
subsp. striatus
Name: Striped rosemallow
Distribution: Cuba; Jamaica; Guyana; Surinam; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz, Tarija); S-Brazil (Paraná); Paraguay (Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes, San Pedro); Uruguay (Artigas, Durazno, Paysandu, Rocha, San Jose, Tacuarembo); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Tucuman)
81 CUB JAM 82 GUY SUR 83 BOL PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Abelmoschus angustifolius (Hook. & Arn.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 308 (1842)
= Abelmoschus cisplatinus (A.St.-Hil.) Walp.; Rep. 2: 309 (1843)
= Hibiscus amoenus Link & Otto; Ic. Pl. Select. 1: 119 (1829)
= Hibiscus angustifolius Hook. & Arn.; Hook. Bot. Misc. 3: 152 (1833)
= Hibiscus argentinus Speg.; Bol. Minist. Agric. (Buenos Aires) 1: 304 (1901), nom. illeg.
= Hibiscus cisplatinus A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Mer. 1: 250 (1827)
= Hibiscus domingensis var. striatus (Cav.) Willd.; Sp. Pl. 3: 820 (1800)
= Hibiscus lambertianus var. angustifolius (Hook. & Arn.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 143 (1900)
= Hibiscus lindmanii Gürke; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 1: 180 (1896)
= Hibiscus linearis A.St.-Hil. & Naudin; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. 2, 18: 40 (1842)
= Hibiscus sagranus P.Mercier; Bull. Bot. (Geneva) 1: 169 (1830)
= Hibiscus submaritimus Larrañaga; Escritos Damaso Antonio Larrañaga 1: 81 (1922)
subspecies :
subsp. lambertianus
(Kunth) Blanch.; J. Arnold Arbor. 63(3): 267 (1982) ex Proctor
Name: Varita de San Jose de laguna (Cuba)
Distribution: USA (S-Texas); Mexico (Tabasco); Honduras; Cuba; Jamaica; Trinidad; Colombia (Antioquia, Tolima); Venezuela (Aragua, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal); Bolivia
77 USA 79 MEX 80 HON 81 CUB JAM TRT 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Abelmoschus cubensis (A.Rich.) Walp.; Rep. 1: 309 (1842)
= Hibiscus cubensis A.Rich.; R. de la Sagra, Hist. Phys. Cuba, Pl. Vasc. 140 (1841), nom. superfl.
= Hibiscus lambertianus Kunth; Nov. Gen. & Sp. 5: 291. t. 478 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Hibiscus lambertianus var. glabrus Gürke; Fl. Bras. (Mart.) 12(3): 552 (1892)
= Hibiscus lambertianus var. lobatus Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2, 5: 300 (1905)
= Hibiscus salviifolius A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Mer. 1: 249 (1827)
= Hibiscus striatus var. lambertianus (Kunth) O.J.Blanch.
species :
Hibiscus sturtii
Hook.; Mitch. J. Trop. Austral. 363 (1848)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland)
50 AUS
variant :
var. campylochlamys
Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: (1863)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus campylochlamys Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 89: 407 (1928)
= Hibiscus campylochlamys var. clementii Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 407 (1928)
variant :
var. forrestii
F.Muell.; Plants Indigenous around Sharks Bay and Its Vicinity (1883)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
variant :
var. grandiflorus
Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 216 (1863)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales)
50 AUS
variant :
var. platychlamys
Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 217 (1863)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus platychlamys (Benth.) F.Muell. ex Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 71 (1900)
variant :
var. truncatus
Fryxell; Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. (1968)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus subdiversifolius
Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 20: 83 (1917)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus diversifolius var. subdiversifolius (Hochr.) Hochr.; Fl. Madagasc. 129: 40 (1955)
species :
Hibiscus subreniformis
Burtt Davy; Man. Fl. Pl. & Ferns, Pt. 1. 43 (1926)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng)
26 ZIM 27 SAF
species :
Hibiscus sudanensis
Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 10: 18 (1906)
Distribution: Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; ?South Sudan
23 CAF ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus rostellatus var. congolanus Hauman; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 31: 86 (1961)
= Hibiscus rostellatus var. sudanensis (Hochr.) Hauman; Fl. Congo Belge 10: 119 (1963)
species :
Hibiscus sulfuranthus
Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 364 (1920)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
species :
Hibiscus superbus
C.A.Gardner; For. Dep. Bull., W. Austral. No. 32, 64 (1923)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus surattensis
L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 696 (1753)
Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. (Fogo Isl.); Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Principe Isl.; São Tomé; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; ?Burundi; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo); Madagascar; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Seychelles [I]; China (Hainan, Yunnan); Taiwan; Bhutan; India (widespread); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Ayeyarwady, Mon, Taninthayi, Yangon); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Singapore [I]; Borneo; Sulawesi; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl.; Moluccas
21 CVI 22 BEN GAM GHA GNB GUI IVO LBR NGA SEN SIE TOG 23 BIO CAF CMN CON GAB PRI RWA SAO ZAI 24 ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 SAF 29 mau MDG reu sey 36 CHI 38 TAI 40 BAN BHU IND SRL 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL PHI sng SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Abelmoschus aculeatus (G.Don) Walp.; Rep. 1: 308 (1842)
= Abelmoschus rostellatus Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 308 (1842)
= Furcaria surattensis (L.) Kostel.; Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 5: 1856 (1836)
= Hibiscus aculeatus G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 480 (1831)
= Hibiscus appendiculatus Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 3: 542 (1812)
= Hibiscus bifurcatus Blanco; Fl. Filip. ed. I. 545 (1837)
= Hibiscus hypoglossus E.Mey. ex Harv.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 177 (1860), nomen
= Hibiscus involucratus Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 384 (1796)
= Hibiscus surattensis var. villosus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 112 (1900)
= Hibiscus trinitarius Noronha; Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunsten 5(4): 17 (1790), nomen
species :
Hibiscus symonii
F.D.Wilson & Byrnes; Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. 95: 195 (1970)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus syriacus
L.; Sp. Pl. 695 (1753)
Name: Rose of Sharon (EN); Freiland-Roseneibisch (DE)
Distribution: Germany [c]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; France [I]; Monaco [c]; Corsica [I]; Sardinia [I]; Italy [I]; Sicily [I]; Croatia [I]; Greece [I]; European Russia [I]; Ukraine [I]; Cameroon [I]; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo] [I]; Mozambique [I]; South Africa [I] (Gauteng [I]); Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Turkmenistan [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; Tajikistan [I]; Georgia [Caucasus] [I]; Azerbaijan [I]; Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran); China; South Korea [I]; Japan [I]; Ryukyu Isl. [I]; Taiwan [I]; Pakistan [I]; Nepal [I]; Bhutan [I]; India [c]; Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Vietnam [I]; Philippines [I]; Java; Rotuma Isl. [I]; Tonga [I] (Late Isl. [I], etc. [I]); Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; Northern Marianas [I] (Rota [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arkansas [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Georgia [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maryland [I], Missouri [I], Mississippi [I], North Carolina [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Pennsylvania [I], South Carolina [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], West Virginia [I]); Mexico [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Cuba [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Ecuador [I]; Bolivia [c]
11 ger hun slo 12 cor fra mco sar 13 cro grc ita sic 14 rus ukr 23 bio cmn 26 moz 27 saf 29 mau reu 32 tkm tzk uzb 33 aze geo 34 IRN 36 CHI 38 jap kor nns tai 40 ban bhu ind nep pak 41 mya tha vie 42 JAW phi 60 fij nue rot ton 62 mrn 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 80 cos els hon 81 cub 82 clm ven 83 bol ecu
Synonyms: hidden
= Althaea furtex Mill.; Gard. Dict. (ed. 8) Alt. Hib. (1768)
= Hibiscus acerifolius Salisb.; Parad. Lond. 1: t. 33 (1805)
= Hibiscus arborescens Gaterau; Descr. Pl. Montaub. 122 (1789)
= Hibiscus chinensis DC.; Prod. 1: 455 (1824)
= Hibiscus floridus Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 383 (1796)
= Hibiscus rhombifolius Cav.; Diss. 3: 156, t. 69, f. 3 (1787)
= Hibiscus syriacus var. alboplenus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)
= Hibiscus syriacus var. albus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)
= Hibiscus syriacus var. amplissimus L.F.Gagnep.; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 10: 132 (1861)
= Hibiscus syriacus var. brevibracteatus S.Y.Hu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 153: 53 (1955)
= Hibiscus syriacus var. chinensis Lindl.; J. Hort. Soc. London 8: 58 (1853)
= Hibiscus syriacus var. elegantissimus L.F.Gagnep.; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 10: 132 (1861)
= Hibiscus syriacus var. grandiflorus Rehder; Man. Cult. Trees: 619 (1927)
= Hibiscus syriacus var. longibracteatus S.Y.Hu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 153: 53 (1955)
= Hibiscus syriacus var. marginatus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)
= Hibiscus syriacus var. micranthus Y.N.Lee & K.B.Yim; Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 22: 8 (1992)
= Hibiscus syriacus var. paeoniiflorus L.F.Gagnep.; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 10: 132 (1861)
= Hibiscus syriacus var. purpureoplenus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)
= Hibiscus syriacus var. purpureus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)
= Hibiscus syriacus var. ruber Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)
= Hibiscus syriacus var. sinensis Lem.; Jard. Fleur. 4: t. 370 (1854)
= Hibiscus syriacus var. totoalbus T.Moore; Gard. Chron., n. s. 10: 524 (1878)
= Hibiscus syriacus var. variegatus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)
= Hibiscus syriacus var. violaceus L.F.Gagnep.; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 10: 132 (1861)
= Ketmia arborea Moench; Methodus 617 (1794), nom. illleg.
= Ketmia syriaca (L.) Scop.; Fl. Carniol. (ed. 2) 2: 45 (1772)
= Ketmia syrorum Medik.; Malvenfam. 45 (1787)
species :
Hibiscus taiwanensis
S.Y.Hu; Fl. China Family 153: 48 (1955)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Hibiscus talbotii
(Rakshit) T.K.Paul & M.P.Nayar; Bull. Bot. Surv. India, 22(1-4): 198 (1980 publ. (1982)
Distribution: India (Maharashtra, Karnataka)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus hirtus var. talbotii Rakshit; Sci. & Cult. 27: 193 (1961)
species :
Hibiscus teijsmannii
Borss.Waalk.; Reinwardtia 4: 67 (1956)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus liliiflorus var. hybridus Hook.f.; Bot. Mag. 56: t. 2891 (1829)
species :
Hibiscus tenorii
Fryxell; Acta Bot. Mex. 8: 35 (1989)
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)
79 MEX
species :
Hibiscus thegaleus
Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 213 (2003)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus thespesianus
Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 511 (1885)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus cupulazanza Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 20: 70 (1917)
variant :
var. integrovatus
(Hochr.) Hochr.; Candollea 12: 168 (1949)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus cupulazanza var. integrovatus Hochr.; Candollea 2: 127 (1925)
species :
Hibiscus tisserantii
Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 75: 101 (1937)
Distribution: Central African Republic
23 CAF
species :
Hibiscus torrei
Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 75: 101 (1937)
Distribution: N-Mozambique
26 MOZ
Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1934
species :
Hibiscus townsvillensis
Craven; Muelleria 35: 9 (2016)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus tozerensis
Craven & B.E.Pfeil; Adansonia, sér. 3, 26(2): 238 (2004), nom. nov.
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Macrostelia grandifolia Fryxell; Austral. J. Bot. 22(1): 189 (1974)
species :
Hibiscus trichonychus
Gagnep.; Notul. Syst., ed. Humbert 11: 162 (1944)
Distribution: C-Vietnam
41 VIE
species :
Hibiscus trilineatus
A.St.-Hil. & Naudin; Ann. Soc. Nat. Ser. 2, 18: 39 (1842)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Tocantins)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus trilobus
Aubl.; Pl. Gui. 2: 708 (1775)
subspecies :
subsp. trilobus
Name: Gombo marron (Haiti)
Distribution: Belize; Jamaica; Dominican Republic; Haiti; Puerto Rico; French Guiana
80 BLZ 81 HIS JAM PUE 82 FRG
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus aquaticus Tussac; Fl. Antill. 3: 102 (1824), non DC., 1815
= Hibiscus domingensis Jacq.; Ic. Pl. Rar. 3: 550 (1786-1793)
subspecies :
subsp. hirsutus
O.J.Blanch. & Fryxell; Novon 10(3): 190 (2000)
Distribution: Guatemala; Belize
80 BLZ GUA
subspecies :
subsp. ingratus
(Miq.) O.J.Blanch. & Fryxell; Novon 10(3): 191 (2000)
Distribution: Venezuela (Bolívar); Surinam
82 SUR VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus ingratus Miq.; Linnaea 19: 143 (1847)
species :
Hibiscus trionum
L.; Sp. Pl.: 697 (1753)
Name: Stunden-Roseneibisch, Stundenblume, Stunden-Eibisch (DE); Bladder Ketmia, Flower of an hour (EN)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Austria [I]; Poland [I]; Czech Republic [I]; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal [I]; Spain [I]; France [I]; Sardinia [I]; Italy; Sicily [I]; Malta [I]; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (scattered mainland, Kerkyra, Ionian Isl.); Crete; Estonia [I]; Belarus; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Desert Oases, Great Southwestern Desert, Nile Delta, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt); Senegal; Mali; Burkina Faso; Niger; W-Chad; ?Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; ?Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; SW-Angola; S-Zambia; Zimbabwe; S-Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]; St. Helena [I]; Madagascar; Mauritius [I]; Siberia [I] (Chita [I], Irkutsk [I]); Russian Far East [I] (Amur [I], Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan [I]; Turkmenistan [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; Kyrgyzstan [I]; Tajikistan [I]; Northern Caucasus [I]; Georgia [Caucasus] [I]; Armenia [I]; Azerbaijan [I]; East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Bamyan, Kabul, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost, Qunduz, Takhar); Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Sinai peninsula (N-Sinai); Jordania (W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Asir); Oman (Dhofar); Yemen (Aden Desert, N-Inner Yemen, W-Yemen); China [I]; Mongolia [I]; South Korea [I]; Japan [I]; Taiwan [I]; Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan, Kurram, N. W. Frontier Prov., Dir, Chitral, Swat, Murree, Hazara); India (widespread, incl. Jammu & Kashmir); Bangladesh; Myanmar; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Northern Territory [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Caledonia [I]; Canada [I] (Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Quebec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (Arkansas [I], Arizona [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Iowa [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], Mississippi [I], Montana [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Nebraska [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I], West Virginia [I], Wyoming [I]); Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Chile [I] (Maule [I], Biobío [I])
11 aut cze ger HUN pol SLO 12 fra por sar spa 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI mlt MNT NMA ROM sic SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR est KRY RUS UKR 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 22 BKN MLI NGR SEN 24 CHA DJI ERI ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT LES NAM SAF SWZ 28 sth 29 mau MDG 30 sib 31 rfe 32 kaz kgz tkm tzk uzb 33 arm aze geo ncs 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 OMA SAU YEM 36 chi 37 mon 38 jap kor tai 40 BAN IND PAK 41 MYA 50 aus 60 nwc 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 81 cub jam 85 cle
Synonyms: hidden
= Abelmoschus collinsianus (Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray) Alph.Wood; Class-book Bot., ed. 2b: 271 (1861)
= Hibiscus africanus Mill.; Gard. Dict. (ed. 8) Hib. (1868)
= Hibiscus armeniacus Bouché; Allg. Gartenzeitung (Otto & Dietrich) 8: 403 (1840)
= Hibiscus collinsianus Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1: 237 (1838)
= Hibiscus cuneifolius Garcke; Bot. Zeit. 7: 852 (1849), nom. illeg.
= Hibiscus dissectus Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 2696 (1831), nom. inval.
= Hibiscus hastifolius E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 176 (1860)
= Hibiscus hispidus Mill.; Gard. Dict. (ed. 8) Hib, f. 2 (1768)
= Hibiscus humboldtii Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 6: 52 (1840)
= Hibiscus humboldtii Schrank ex Colla; Hortus Ripul., App. 2: 349 (1826)
= Hibiscus marchallianus Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 9: 76 (1843)
= Hibiscus pallidus Raf. ex S.Watson; Bibl. Index N. Amer. Bot.: 135 (1878)
= Hibiscus physodes E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 176 (1860)
= Hibiscus pusillus Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. 38 (1835), nom. illeg.
= Hibiscus ternatus (Cav.) Mast.; Oliv., Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 206 (1868)
= Hibiscus trionicus St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 127 (1880)
= Hibiscus trionum var. cordifolius DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 453 (1824)
= Hibiscus trionum var. ternatus DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 453 (1824)
= Hibiscus trionum var. vesicarius (Cav.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 145 (1900)
= Hibiscus uniflorus E.Mey. ex Harv.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 176 (1860)
= Hibiscus vesicarius Cav.; Diss. 3, Tertia Diss. Bot. 171 (t. 64, fig. 2) (1787)
= Ketmia trionum (L.) Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 2: 44 (1771)
= Laguna ternata (Cav.) Martyn; Gard. Dict., ed. 9. 2(1): [s. p.] (1798)
= Laguna ternata (Cav.) Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willd.] 3(1): 733 (1800), isonym
= Solandra ternata Cav.; Diss. 5, Quinta Diss. Bot. 279 (t. 136, f. 2) (1788)
= Trionum annuum Medik.; Malvenfam. 47 (1787)
= Trionum cordifolium Moench; Suppl. Meth. (Moench) 202 (1802)
= Trionum diffusum Moench; Methodus (Moench) 618 (1794)
= Trionum frutescens Medik.; Malv. 47 (1787)
= Trionum trionum (L.) Wooton & Standl.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 19: 417 (1915), nom. inval.
species :
Hibiscus uncinellus
[Moc. & Sessé] ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 449 (1824)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala
79 MEX 80 GUA
species :
Hibiscus upingtoniae
Gürke ex Schinz; Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 30: 178 (1888)
Distribution: Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga)
27 BOT NAM SAF
species :
Hibiscus urticifolius
A.St.-Hil. & Naudin; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. 2, 18: 39 (1842)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Amambay, San Pedro); Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones)
84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus selloi Gürke; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12(3): 554 (1892)
= Hibiscus selloi var. paraguariensis Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2, 5: 301 (1905)
species :
Hibiscus varians
Splitg. ex De Vriese; Nederl. Kruidk. Arch. 1: 338 (1848)
species :
Hibiscus verbasciformis
Klotzsch ex Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 143 (1900)
Distribution: Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Caquetá, Cundinamarca, Meta, Nariño, Valle); ?Venezuela; Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba)
80 PAN 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR 83 BOL ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus spathulatus Garcke; Bot. Zeit. 7: 840 (1849) (nom. illeg.)
= Hibiscus spathulatus var. froesianus Monteiro; Anais Soc. Bot. Brasil 5: 455 (1956)
species :
Hibiscus verdcourtii
Craven; New Zealand J. Bot. 49(1): 35 (2011)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory, Western Australia, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus verecundus
McLay & Albr.; Austral. Syst. Bot. 36(6): 471 (2023)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Hibiscus vitifolius
L.; Sp. Pl. 696 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. vitifolius
Name: Tropical rose mallow; Wild okra (Lesser Antilles), Wild cotton (Virgin Isl.)
Distribution: Egypt (SE-Egypt); Mali; ?Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; ?Benin; Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; SW-Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Soqotra; Uganda; ?Kenya; ?Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, Dahana, N-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Asir); Oman (Dhofar); Yemen (coastal Hadhramaut, N-Inner Yemen, W-Yemen, Inner Hadhramaut); Pakistan (Pakistani Punjab, Jhelum); Nepal; India (almost throughout); Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives] [I]; Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Yangon); Thailand; ?Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Sulawesi; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl.; Christmas Isl. [Austr.]; New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Australia (Western Australia, Queensland); Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (St. Thomas [I], St. Croix [I], Tortola [I]); St. Barthélémy [I]; St. Kitts [I]; Antigua [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Dominica [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Grenada [I]; Barbados [I]; Tobago [I]; Trinidad [I]
20 EGY 22 GHA MLI NGA NGR TOG 23 BUR CMN RWA ZAI 24 CHA DJI ERI ETH SOC SOM SSU SUD 25 UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 29 COM MDG 35 OMA SAU YEM 40 BAN IND ldv NEP PAK SRL 41 CBD MYA THA VIE 42 JAW LSI MLY NWG PHI SUL XMS 50 AUS 81 aba bbd cub dom gdl gre his jam mar pue sba stk stv trt vir
Synonyms: hidden
= Abelmoschus vitifolius (L.) Hassk.; Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Physiol. 10: 134 (1843)
= Fioria vitifolia (L.) Mattei; Bol. Ort. Bot. Palermo, n. s. 2: 72 (1917)
= Fioria vitifolia subsp. vulgaris (Brenan & Exell) Abedin; Pakistan J. Bot. 9: 59 (1977)
= Hibiscus cuspidatus Edgew.; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 21: 168 (1853)
= Hibiscus heterotrichus DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 450 (1824)
= Hibiscus jatrophifolius A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 58 (1847)
= Hibiscus lepidospermus Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(2): 159 (1858)
= Hibiscus modaticus Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 56 (1847)
= Hibiscus natalitius Harv.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 2: 587 (1862)
= Hibiscus obscurus A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 57 (1847)
= Hibiscus obtusifolius Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willd.] 3(1): 829 (1800)
= Hibiscus ricinifolius E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 171 (1860)
= Hibiscus ricinoides Garcke; Bot. Zeit. 7: 834 (1849)
= Hibiscus serratus Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 1900 (1829), nom. inval.
= Hibiscus strigosus Schumach. & Thonn.; Schumach., Beskr. Guin. Pl.: 314 (1827), nom. illeg.
= Hibiscus suaresensis Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 514 (1885)
= Hibiscus truncatus Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 51 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 3: 200 (1832)
= Hibiscus vitifolius f. americana Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 169 (1900)
= Hibiscus vitifolius f. zeylanicus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 169 (1900)
= Hibiscus vitifolius subsp. vulgaris Brenan & Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., sér. 2, 32: 73 (1958)
= Hibiscus vitifolius var. adhaerens Ulbr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 377 (1912)
= Hibiscus vitifolius var. heterotrichus (DC.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 170 (1900)
= Hibiscus vitifolius var. ricinifolius Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 170 (1900)
= Kosteletzkya vitifolia (L.) M.R.Almeida & N.Patil; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 93(1): 111 (1996)
subspecies :
subsp. lukei
Mwachala & Cheek; Kew Bull. 58(2): 499 (2003)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
species :
Hibiscus vohipahensis
M.H.Hanes & G.E.Schatz; Candollea 75(2): 201 (2020)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Hibiscus volkensii
Gürke; Engl. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. C 266 (1895)
Distribution: N-Tanzania
25 TAN
Remarks: only known from the type
species :
Hibiscus waimeae
A.Heller; Minnes. Bot. Studies 1: 851 (1896)
subspecies :
subsp. waimeae
Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus waimeae var. helleri Hochr.
subspecies :
subsp. hannerae
(O.Deg. & I.Deg.) D.M.Bates; Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 29: 106 (1989)
Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Endangered, USA Status: Endangered
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus waimeae var. hannerae O.Deg. & I.Deg.
species :
Hibiscus waterbergensis
Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., sér. 2, 33: 178 (1959)
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo)
27 SAF
species :
Hibiscus watsonii
W.W.Sm.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1912: 198 (1912)
Distribution: Myanmar (Mandalay, Shan)
41 MYA
species :
Hibiscus whytei
Stapf; J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 37: 87 (1905)
Distribution: Guinea; Liberia; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast
22 BKN GUI IVO LBR
species :
Hibiscus wilsonii
Fryxell; Brittonia 25(2): 80 (1973)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Brasilia Distrito Federal)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus windischii
Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 54 (2004)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Hibiscus yunnanensis
S.Y.Hu; Fl. China Family 153: 56, t. 20-5 (1955)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Fioria yunnanensis (Hu) Abedin; Pakistan J. Bot. 9(1): 60 (1977)
species :
Hibiscus zanzibaricus
Exell; J. Bot. 66: 327 (1928)
Distribution: SE-Tanzania; Zanzibar; Zambia; Malawi; Mozambique
25 TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus migeodii Exell; J. Bot. 68: 83 (1930)
species :
Hibiscus zonatus
F.Muell.; Fragm. 1: 221 (1858)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Hibiscus mustiae F.D.Wilson; Austral. J. Bot. 22: 175 (1974)
species :
Hibiscus zygomorphus
Fryxell & S.D.Koch; Aliso 11(4): 549 (1987)
Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Michoacan)
79 MEX
species :
Hibiscus ×archeri
Watson; Garden & Forest, 324 (1896), H. J. Wigman in Teysmannia 33: 393 (1922)
Distribution: Java; Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Yap [I], Ulithi [I], Woleai [I], Faraulep [I], Ifalik [I], Lamotrek [I], Satawal [I], Kapingamarangi [I]); Cuba [I]
42 JAW 62 gum mic 81 cub
species :
Hibiscus ×corrugatus
J.W.Moore; Bull. Bishop Mus., Honolulu, No. 102, 31 (1933)
Distribution: Society Isl. (Raiatea)
61 SCI
species :
Hibiscus ×hongjinma
Y.T.Chang; Guihaia 11(2): 119-120 (1991)
Distribution: China [I]
36 chi
Remarks: Hibiscus cannabinus x radiatus
species :
Hibiscus ×sabei
Weckesser; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 5(1): 41 (2011)
Distribution: USA (Texas)
77 USA
Remarks: Hibiscus coulteri x denudatus
