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406.0000 Family Cactaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 310 (1789), nom. cons.
133 genera, ca. 1700-1800 spp. There has been excessive splitting, leading to over 3000 species in some collectors view. The phylogeny is still somewhat in flux, but is getting more stabilized now. It should be good practice in the future that each ´new species´ description is confirmed by molecular genetics, not only by morphology.
Species listed in database: 1798; hybrids: 78
= Cereaceae DC. & Spreng.(transl.Jameson); Elem. Philos. Pl. 142 (1821)
= Mammillariaceae D.L.Fu; Amer. J. Agric. Forest. 12(5): 352 (2024)
= Nopaleaceae E.Schmid & Curtman; Pflanzenr. 2: 135 (1856)
= Opuntiaceae Desv.; Dict. Rais. Bot. 52, 385 (1817)
406.5841 Genus Gymnocalycium Pfeiff.; Abbild. Beschr. Cact. 2: sub tt. 1, 12 (1845), in adnot.
Distribution: S-Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia, Uruguay, Argentina The genus suffers from oversplitting and very complicated taxonomy with numerous names.
Species listed in database: 66; hybrids: 2
= Brachycalycium Backeb.; Jahrb. Deutsch. Kakteen-Ges. 1941: 76 (1942)
species :
Gymnocalycium affine Repka; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 82(6): 261 (259-265, figs. 1-6) (2011)
Distribution: Argentina (Cordoba)
85 ARG
species :
Gymnocalycium alboareolatum Rausch; Succulenta (Netherlands) 64(10): 213 (1985)
Distribution: Argentina (La Rioja)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium alboareolatum var. ramosum Rausch; Gymnocalycium 3(2): 31 (1990)
species :
Gymnocalycium alenae Kulhánek; Schütziana 8(2): 28 (2017)
Distribution: Argentina (Cordoba)
85 ARG
species :
Gymnocalycium amerhauseri H.Till; Gymnocalycium 7(3): 133 (1994)
Distribution: Argentina (Cordoba)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium amerhauseri subsp. altagraciense H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 20: 735 (2007)
= Gymnocalycium parvulum var. walteri (H.Till) Milt; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 25: 116 (2015)
= Gymnocalycium walteri H.Till; Gymnocalycium 16: 543 (2003)
species :
Gymnocalycium andreae (Boed.) Backeb. & F.M.Knuth; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 285 (1935)
Distribution: Argentina (Cordoba: Sa. de Cordoba)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus andreae Boed.; Monatsschr. Deutsch. Kakteen-Ges. 2: 210 (1930)
= Gymnocalycium andreae subsp. matznetteri Rausch; Gymnocalycium 13(4): 379 (2000)
= Gymnocalycium andreae subsp. pabloi Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 24(2): 985 (2011)
= Gymnocalycium andreae var. fechseri H.Till; Gymnocalycium 13(4): 378 (2000)
= Gymnocalycium andreae var. grandiflorum Krainz; Kakteen [H.Krainz] 4: CVIe (1957)
= Gymnocalycium andreae var. longispinum Rausch; Gymnocalycium 13(4): 378 (2000)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii subsp. matznetteri (Rausch) Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 22(1): 847 (2009)
species :
Gymnocalycium anisitsii (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 3: 159 (1922)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul); Paraguay (Concepcion)
83 BOL 84 BRA 85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus anisitsii K.Schum.; Blüh. Kakteen And. Sukk. Pflanzen 1: t. 3 (1900)
= Echinocactus damsii K.Schum.; Gesamtbeschr. Kakt., Nachtr. 1: 119 (1903)
= Echinocactus joossensianus Boed.; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 28: 40 (1918)
= Gymnocalycium anisitsii subsp. damsii (K.Schum.) G.J.Charles; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 20: 17 (2005)
= Gymnocalycium anisitsii subsp. holdii Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 16(3): 531 (2003)
= Gymnocalycium anisitsii subsp. multiproliferum (P.J.Braun) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherlands) 74(3): 131 (1995)
= Gymnocalycium anisitsii subsp. tucavocense (Backeb. ex H.Till & Amerh.) Schädlich; Schütziana 12(2): 25 (2021)
= Gymnocalycium anisitsii var. griseopallidum H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 16(3): 529 (2003)
= Gymnocalycium anisitsii var. pseudomalacocarpus Backeb. ex H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 16(3): 531 (2003)
= Gymnocalycium anisitsii var. tucavocense Backeb. ex H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 17: 559 (2004)
= Gymnocalycium damsii (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 3: 163 (1922)
= Gymnocalycium damsii subsp. evae Halda, Horácek & Milt; Gymnocalycium 17: 551 (2004)
= Gymnocalycium damsii var. boosii Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 17: 554 (2004)
= Gymnocalycium damsii var. centrispinum Backeb.; Descr. Cact. Nov. [Backeberg] 3: 6 (1963), nom. inval.
= Gymnocalycium damsii var. centrispinum Backeb. ex H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 17: 555 (2004)
= Gymnocalycium damsii var. multiproliferum P.J.Braun; Kakteen And. Sukk. 42(10): 230 (1991)
= Gymnocalycium damsii var. rotundulum Backeb.; Descr. Cact. Nov. [Backeberg] 3: 6 (1963), nom. inval.
= Gymnocalycium damsii var. rotundulum Backeb. ex H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 17: 556 (2004)
= Gymnocalycium damsii var. torulosum Backeb.; Descr. Cact. Nov. [Backeberg] 3: 6 (1963)
= Gymnocalycium damsii var. torulosum Backeb. ex H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 17: 553 (2004)
= Gymnocalycium damsii var. tucavocense Backeb.; Descr. Cact. Nov. [Backeberg] 3: 6 (1963)
= Gymnocalycium griseopallidum Backeb.; Kakteenlexikon 167 (1966)
= Gymnocalycium joossensianum (Boed.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 3: 166 (1922)
= Gymnocalycium megatae subsp. holdii (Amerh.) Schädlich; Schütziana 12(1): 14 (2021)
species :
Gymnocalycium arzbergeri Schädlich; Schütziana 13(3): 8 (2022)
Distribution: Paraguay
85 PAR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Gymnocalycium baldianum (Speg.) Speg.; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 99: 135 (1925)
Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, Salta)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus baldianus Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, Ser. 2, 11: 505 (1905)
= Echinocactus sanguiniflorus Werderm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 56 (1932)
= Gymnocalycium baldianum subsp. sanguiniflorum (Werderm.) C.A.L.Bercht; Succulenta (Netherlands) 88(2): 59 (2009)
= Gymnocalycium baldianum var. albiflorum C.A.L.Bercht; Gymnos 11(21): 6 (1994)
= Gymnocalycium baldianum var. raineri (H.Till) Milt; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 25(3): 116 (2015)
= Gymnocalycium baldianum var. schreiteri (H.Till) Milt; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 25(3): 116 (2015)
= Gymnocalycium marianae Perea, O.Ferrari, Las Peñas & R.Kiesling; Kakteen And. Sukk. 60(2): 36 (2009)
= Gymnocalycium raineri H.Till; Gymnocalycium 20(2): 722 (2007)
= Gymnocalycium rosae H.Till; Gymnocalycium 8(3): 160 (1995)
= Gymnocalycium sanguiniflorum (Werderm.) Werderm.; Kakteen And. Sukk. 79 (1937)
= Gymnocalycium schreiteri H.Till; Gymnocalycium 22(1): 854 (2009)
= Gymnocalycium venturianum Backeb.; Blätt. Kakteenf. 9: 1 (1934)
species :
Gymnocalycium basiatrum F.Berger, Amerh. & Sedlmeier; Gymnocalycium 27(3): 1134 (2014)
Distribution: Argentina (La Rioja)
85 ARG
species :
Gymnocalycium bayrianum H.Till ex H.Till; Kakteen And. Sukk. 38(8): 191 (1987)
Distribution: Argentina (Salta, Tucuman)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium bayrianum H.Till; Kakteen And. Sukk. 18: 222 (1967)
= Gymnocalycium spegazzinii subsp. bayrianum (H.Till) Halda; Cactaceae etc. 9(3): 84 (1999)
species :
Gymnocalycium berchtii Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 10(3): 219 (1997)
Distribution: Argentina (San Luis)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium berchtii var. nataliae (Neuhuber) Milt; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 25(3): 116 (2015)
= Gymnocalycium nataliae Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 18(3): 635 (2005)
= Gymnocalycium morroense Kulhánek, Repka & J.Proch.; Gymnocalycium 23(3): 948 (2010)
= Gymnocalycium poeschlii Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 12(3): 297 (1999)
species :
Gymnocalycium bodenbenderianum (Hosseus) A.Berger; Kakteen [Berger] 221, 341 (1929)
Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, Cordoba, La Rioja, San Juan)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus bodenbenderianus Hosseus ex A.Berger; Kakteen [Berger] 221, 339 (1929)
= Gymnocalycium asterium var. paucispinum Backeb.; Kakteenlexikon 164 (1966)
= Gymnocalycium intertextum f. moserianum J.G.Lamb.; Succulenta (Netherlands) 87: 6 (2008)
= Gymnocalycium kozelskyanum Schütz; Kaktusy (Brno) 2(Duben): 47 (1966)
= Gymnocalycium moserianum Schütz; Kaktusy (Brno) 2: 28 (1966), nom. inval.
= Gymnocalycium occultum (Fric ex H.Till & W.Till) H.Till; Gymnocalycium 21(Sonderausgabe): 816 (2008)
= Gymnocalycium occultum Fric ex Schütz; Friciana, Rada 1 Zprav C. 7: 4-5 (1962)
= Gymnocalycium paucispinum (Backeb. ex H.Till & W.Till) H.Till; Gymnocalycium 21(Sonderausgabe): 816 (2008)
= Gymnocalycium piltziorum Schütz; Kakteen And. Sukk. 33(7): 145 (1982)
= Gymnocalycium platygonum (H.Till & W.Till) Pilbeam; Gymnocalycium: Collector´s Guide 123 (1995)
= Gymnocalycium riojense Fric ex H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 4(2): 48 (1991)
= Gymnocalycium riojense Fric ex Pazout; Kaktusy [Pazout, Valnicek & Subík] 132 (1960) (riochense)
= Gymnocalycium riojense subsp. guasayanense (Strigl) H.Till; Gymnocalycium 21(Sonderausgabe): 816 (2008)
= Gymnocalycium riojense subsp. kozelskyanum Schütz ex H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 4(3): 52 (1991)
= Gymnocalycium riojense subsp. paucispinum Backeb. ex H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 4(4): 55 (1991)
= Gymnocalycium riojense subsp. piltziorum Schütz ex H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 4: 51 (1991)
= Gymnocalycium riojense subsp. vertongenii Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 22(2): 857 (2009)
= Gymnocalycium riojense var. guasayanense Strigl; Ernstia, n. s. 4(4): 57 (1991)
= Gymnocalycium riojense var. guthianum H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 4(2): 49 (1991)
= Gymnocalycium riojense var. mirandaense H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 4(3): 53 (1991)
= Gymnocalycium riojense var. pipanacoense H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 4(2): 50 (1991)
= Gymnocalycium riojense var. platygonum Schütz ex H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 4: 56 (1991)
= Gymnocalycium riojense var. sanjuanense H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 4(3): 54 (1991)
= Gymnocalycium stellatum subsp. occultum Fric ex H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 9(2): 176 (1996)
= Gymnocalycium stellatum var. paucispinum (Backeb.) Strong; Natl. Cact. Succ. J. 30(2): 50 (1975)
= Gymnocalycium triacanthum Backeb.; Cactaceae [Backeberg] 3: 1730 (1959), nom. inval.
species :
Gymnocalycium bruchii (Speg.) Hosseus; Revist. Cent. Estud. Farm. Cordoba 2: No. 6, reimpr. p, 22 (1926), et Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 27: 256 (1930)
Distribution: Argentina (Cordoba, San Luis)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Astrophytum bruchii (Speg.) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 12 (2005)
= Echinocactus lafaldensis (Vaupel) A.Berger; Kakteen [Berger] 227 (1929)
= Frailea bruchii Speg.; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 96: 73 (1923)
= Gymnocalycium albispinum Backeb.; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 285, 416 (1935)
= Gymnocalycium andreae f. svecianum Pazout ex W.Till; Gymnocalycium 5(2): 66 (1992)
= Gymnocalycium andreae subsp. carolinense Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 7(3): 129 (1994)
= Gymnocalycium andreae var. svecianum Pazout; Kaktusy [Pazout, Valnicek & Subík] 132 (1960), nom. inval.
= Gymnocalycium bruchii f. cristata Hosseus; Revista Centro Estud. Farm., reimpr. 2(6): 24 (1926)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii f. svecianum (Pazout ex H.Till) Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 22(1): 847 (2009)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii subsp. atroviride Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 22(3): 873 (2009)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii subsp. brigittae (Piltz) Papsch; Schütziana 4(1): 24 (2013)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii subsp. carolinense (Neuhuber) Papsch; Schütziana 4(1): 24 (2013)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii subsp. cumbresitense Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 22(1): 843 (2009)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii subsp. deminii V.Gapon & Neuhuber; Cacti Year-Round 2016(2): 6, photogrs. 1-30 (2016)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii subsp. elegans Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 22(3): 869 (2009)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii subsp. implexum Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 22(3): 870 (2009)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii subsp. lacumbrense Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 22(1): 839 (2009)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii subsp. lafaldense (Vaupel) Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 16(2): 502 (2003)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii subsp. ludwigii (Neuhuber) Papsch; Schütziana 4(1): 24 (2013)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii subsp. melojeri Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 22(1): 844 (2009)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii subsp. multicostatum Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 22(3): 871 (2009)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii subsp. pawlovskyi Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 16(2): 503 (2003)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii subsp. renatae Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 22(1): 843 (2009)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii subsp. shimadae Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 22(1): 841 (2009)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii subsp. susannae Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 16(2): 509 (2003)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii var. albispinum (Backeb.) Milt; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 25(3): 116 (2015)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii var. brigittae Piltz; Succulenta (Netherlands) 66(10): 213 (1987)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii var. glaucum Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 16(2): 506 (2003)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii var. niveum Rausch; Succulenta (Netherlands) 68(9): 180 (1989)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii var. rubroalabastrum Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 22(1): 845 (2009)
= Gymnocalycium carolinense (Neuhuber) Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 18(4): 639 (2005)
= Gymnocalycium carolinense subsp. fedjukinii V.Gapon & Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 25(4): 1054 (2012)
= Gymnocalycium carolinense subsp. ludwigii Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 25(1): 1009 (-1010
= Gymnocalycium carolinense var. eltrebolense Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 25(1): 1010 (-1011
= Gymnocalycium gertii subsp. evelyniae Neuhuber & V.Gapon; Kaktus-Klub 2017(1): 28 (2017)
= Gymnocalycium gertii V.Gapon & Schelkun.; Gymnocalycium 24: 994 (2011)
= Gymnocalycium lafaldense f. albispinum (Backeb.) Oehme; Cactaceae (Berlin) 1941(1): 30 (1941)
= Gymnocalycium lafaldense f. deviatum Oehme; Cactaceae (Berlin) 1941(1): 31 (1941)
= Gymnocalycium lafaldense f. enorme Oehme; Cactaceae (Berlin) 1941(1): 31 (1941)
= Gymnocalycium lafaldense f. evolvens Oehme; Cactaceae (Berlin) 1941(1): 31 (1941)
= Gymnocalycium lafaldense f. fraternum Oehme; Cactaceae (Berlin) 1941(1): 31 (1941)
= Gymnocalycium lafaldense f. hossei (Backeb.) Oehme; Cactaceae (Berlin) 1941(1): 29 (1941)
= Gymnocalycium lafaldense Vaupel; Z. Sukkulentenk. 1: 192 (1924)
= Gymnocalycium meregallii C.A.L.Bercht; Schütziana 3(1): 6 (2012)
species :
Gymnocalycium cabreraense Schädlich, C.A.L.Bercht & Melojer; Schütziana 9(2): 8 (2018)
Distribution: Paraguay (Alto Paraguay: Cerro Cabrera)
85 PAR
species :
Gymnocalycium calochlorum (Boed.) Y.Itô; Cactaceae [Itô] 90 (1952)
Distribution: Argentina (Cordoba)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus calochlorus Boed.; Monatsschr. Deutsch. Kakteen-Ges. 4: 260 (1932)
= Echinocactus prolifer Backeb.; Kakteen-Freund 1: 132 (1932)
= Gymnocalycium bruchii var. papschii (H.Till) Milt; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 25: 116 (2015)
= Gymnocalycium calochlorum var. proliferum (Backeb.) Backeb.; Cactaceae [Backeberg] 3: 1718 (1959)
= Gymnocalycium papschii H.Till; Gymnocalycium 14: 407 (2001)
= Gymnocalycium parvulum subsp. agnesiae F.Berger; Gymnocalycium 23: 957 (2010)
= Gymnocalycium parvulum subsp. huettneri F.Berger; Gymnocalycium 21: 763 (2008)
= Gymnocalycium proliferum (Backeb.) Backeb.; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 294 (1935)
= Gymnocalycium proliferum (Boed.) Backeb.; Blätt. Kakteenf. 1: 5 (1936)
= Gymnocalycium proliferum var. calochlorum (Boed.) Backeb.; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 295 (1936)
= Gymnocalycium quehlianum var. calochlorum (Boed.) H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 20: 729 (2007)
species :
Gymnocalycium campestre Repka; Novon 24(3): 281 (2015)
Distribution: Argentina (Cordoba)
85 ARG
species :
Gymnocalycium capillaense (Schick) Hosseus; Revist. Cent. Estud. Farm. Cordoba 2: No. 6, reimpr. pp. 16, 22 (1926)
Distribution: Argentina (Cordoba, San Luis)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus capillaensis Schick; Möller´s Deutsche Gärtn.-Zeitung 38: 201 (1923)
= Echinocactus sigelianus Schick ex A.Berger; Kakteen [Berger] 220 (1929)
= Echinocactus sutterianus Schick ex A.Berger; Kakteen [Berger] 220, 340 (1929)
= Gymnocalycium deeszianum Dölz; Kakteenkunde 54 (1943)
= Gymnocalycium fischeri Halda, Kupcák, Lukasik & Sladk.; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 9: 60 (2002)
= Gymnocalycium fischeri subsp. suyuquense F.Berger; Gymnocalycium 16: 539 (2003)
= Gymnocalycium miltii Halda, Kupcák, Lukasik & Sladk.; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 9(1): 64 (2002)
= Gymnocalycium poeschlii subsp. dolezalii Halda & Milt; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 14(4): 101 (2007)
= Gymnocalycium sigelianum (Schick ex A.Berger) Hosseus; Revista Centro Estud. Farm., reimpr. 2(6): 16 (1926)
= Gymnocalycium sutterianum Hosseus; Revist. Cent. Estud. Farm. Cordoba 2: No. 6, reimpr. pp. 16, 22 (1926)
= Gymnocalycium sutterianum subsp. arachnispinum Repka; Novon 24(3): 274 (2015)
= Gymnocalycium sutterianum subsp. dolezalii (Halda & Milt) Repka; Novon 24(3): 276 (2015)
species :
Gymnocalycium castellanosii Backeb.; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 287, 416 (1935)
subspecies :
subsp. castellanosii
Distribution: Argentina (La Rioja, San Juan Prov., Cordoba)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium bozsingianum Schütz; Kaktusy (Brno) 13(6): 124 (1977)
= Gymnocalycium castellanosii subsp. armillatum (Piltz) Papsch; Cactus & Co. 12: 200 (2008)
= Gymnocalycium castellanosii subsp. bozsingianum (Schütz) Amerh. & H.Till; Gymnocalycium 19(3): 675 (2006)
= Gymnocalycium castellanosii var. armillatum Piltz; Gymnos 9(18): 48 (1993)
= Gymnocalycium castellanosii var. bozsingianum (Schütz) Piltz; Gymnos 9(18): 43 (1993)
= Gymnocalycium castellanosii var. rigidum H.Till; Gymnocalycium 19(2): 670 (2006)
= Gymnocalycium ferox (Backeb.) Slaba; Kaktusy (Brno) 20: 80 (1984), nom. inval.
= Gymnocalycium hybopleurum var. ferox Backeb.; Kakteenlexikon 168 (1966), nom. inval.
subspecies :
subsp. ferocius (Backeb. ex H.Till & Amerh.) G.J.Charles; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 20: 18 (2005)
Distribution: Argentina (Cordoba)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium mostii subsp. ferocius Backeb. ex H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 15(1): 435 (2002)
species :
Gymnocalycium chiquitanum Cárdenas; Cactus (Paris) 78: 95 (1963)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz)
83 BOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium chiquitanum var. hammerschmidii (Backeb.) H.Till; Gymnocalycium 21(Sonderausgabe): 816 (2008)
= Gymnocalycium hammerschmidii Backeb.; Descr. Cact. Nov. [Backeberg] 3: 7 (1963)
species :
Gymnocalycium denudatum (Link & Otto) Pfeiff. ex Mittler; Taschenb. Cactusliebh. 2: 124 (1844)
Name: Spider Cactus
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Uruguay (Artigas, Cerro Largo, Rivera); Argentina (Misiones)
84 BRA 85 ARG URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Cereus denudatus (Link & Otto) Hort.Berol. ex Pfeiff.; Enum. Diagn. Cact. 73 (1828)
= Echinocactus denudatus f. delaetianus (J.N.Haage) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 189 (1907)
= Echinocactus denudatus f. octogonus (K.Schum.) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 190 (1907)
= Echinocactus denudatus Link & Otto; Icon. Pl. Rar. [Link & Otto] 17, t. 9 (1828)
= Echinocactus denudatus var. delaetianum F.Haage; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 8: 36 (1898)
= Echinocactus denudatus var. intermedius Hildm.; Gart.-Zeitung (Berlin) 4: 479 (1885)
= Echinocactus denudatus var. leheideliana F.Haage; Cact. J. (London) 1: 90 (1898)
= Echinocactus denudatus var. octogonus K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 4(2): 248 (1890)
= Echinocactus intermedius (Hildm.) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 186 (1906)
= Echinocactus megalothelon Sencke ex K.Schum.; Gesamtbeschr. Kakt. 415 (1898)
= Echinopsis denudatus (Pfeiff.) Bosse; Vollst. Handb. Bl.-gärtn., ed. 3, 2: 28 (1860)
= Gymnocalycium angelae Mereg.; Kakteen And. Sukk. 49(12): 287 (1998)
= Gymnocalycium denudatum subsp. angelae (Mereg.) Prestlé; Gymnocalycium 17(2): 577 (2004)
= Gymnocalycium denudatum subsp. necopinum Prestlé; Gymnocalycium 17(2): 575 (2004)
= Gymnocalycium megalothelon (Sencke ex K.Schum.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 3: 162 (1922)
= Gymnocalycium megalothelon subsp. prestleanum H.Till; Gymnocalycium 18(2): 625 (2005)
species :
Gymnocalycium erinaceum J.G.Lamb.; Succulenta (Netherlands) 64(3): 66 (1985)
Distribution: Argentina (Cordoba)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium capillense var. gaponii (Neuhuber) Milt; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 25: 116 (2015)
= Gymnocalycium erinaceum var. paucisquamosum Piltz; Gymnos 11(21): 14 (1994)
= Gymnocalycium gaponii Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 14: 410 (2001)
= Gymnocalycium gaponii subsp. geyeri Neuhuber & V.Gapon; Gymnocalycium 21: 752 (2008)
species :
Gymnocalycium esperanzae Repka & Kulhánek; Schütziana 2(3): 4 (2011)
Distribution: Argentina (La Rioja)
85 ARG
species :
Gymnocalycium eurypleurum F.Ritter ex Plesník; Kaktusy (Brno) 8(3): 70 (1972)
Distribution: Paraguay (Alto Paraguay)
85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium eurypleurum F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamerika 1: 268 (1979)
species :
Gymnocalycium gibbosum (Haw.) Pfeiff. ex C.F.Först.; Handb. Cacteenk. [Förster] 291 (1844)
subspecies :
subsp. gibbosum
Distribution: Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chubut, La Pampa, Mendoza, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, San Luis)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cactus gibbosus Haw.; Bot. Reg. 2: t. 137 (1816)
= Cereus gibbosus (Haw.) Pfeiff.; (1837)
= Cereus gibbosus (Haw.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. [Sweet] 171 (1826)
= Cereus reductus DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 3: 463 (1828)
= Echinocactus brachypetalus (Speg.) Werderm.; Neue Kakteen 89 (1931)
= Echinocactus gibbosus (Haw.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 3: 461 (1828)
= Echinocactus gibbosus f. fennellii (J.N.Haage) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 186 (1907)
= Echinocactus gibbosus f. ferox (Labour. ex Rümpler) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 186 (1907)
= Echinocactus gibbosus f. leonensis (Hildm. ex K.Schum.) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 186 (1907)
= Echinocactus gibbosus f. leucacanthus (Rümpler) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 186 (1907)
= Echinocactus gibbosus f. leucodictyus (Salm-Dyck) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 186 (1907)
= Echinocactus gibbosus f. schlumbergeri (Rümpler) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 186 (1907)
= Echinocactus gibbosus var. celsianus Labour. ex Rümpler; Handb. Cacteenk., ed. 2 [Rümpler] 583 (1885)
= Echinocactus gibbosus var. cerebriformis Speg.; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 48: 50 (1899)
= Echinocactus gibbosus var. chubutensis (Speg.) Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 7: 285 (1902)
= Echinocactus gibbosus var. fennellii F.Haage; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 9: 115 (1899)
= Echinocactus gibbosus var. ferox Labour. ex Rümpler; Handb. Cacteenk., ed. 2 [Rümpler] 583 (1886)
= Echinocactus gibbosus var. leonensis Hildm. ex K.Schum.; Gesamtbeschr. Kakt. 409 (1898)
= Echinocactus gibbosus var. leucacanthus Rümpler; Handb. Cacteenk., ed. 2 [Rümpler] 583 (1886)
= Echinocactus gibbosus var. leucodictyus Salm-Dyck; Cact. Hort. Dyck. [1849 ed.]: 34, 171 (1850)
= Echinocactus gibbosus var. pluricostatus C.F.Först.; Handb. Cacteenk., ed. 2 [Rümpler] 584 (1885)
= Echinocactus gibbosus var. polygonus K.Schum.; Gesamtbeschr. Kakt. 409 (1898)
= Echinocactus gibbosus var. schlumbergeri Rümpler; Handb. Cacteenk., ed. 2 [Rümpler] 584 (1886)
= Echinocactus leucodictyus Salm-Dyck; Cact. Hort. Dyck. [1849 ed.]: 34 (1850)
= Echinocactus mackieanus Hook.; Bot. Mag. 64: t. 3561 (1837)
= Echinocactus nobilis Haw.; Philos. Mag. Ann. Chem. 9: 115 (1830), nom. illeg.
= Echinocactus reductus K.Schum.; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 5: 107 (1895)
= Echinocactus spegazzinii F.A.C.Weber ex Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, Ser. 3, 2: 7 (1903)
= Echinopsis gibbosa Pfeiff. ex C.F.Först.; Handb. Cacteenk. [Förster] 291 (1846)
= Gymnocalycium brachypetalum Speg.; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 99: 135 (1925)
= Gymnocalycium chubutense (Speg.) Speg.; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 99: 137 (1925)
= Gymnocalycium chubutense var. dubniorum (Halda & Milt) H.Till; Gymnocalycium 21(Sonderausgabe): 816 (2008)
= Gymnocalycium dubniorum Halda & Milt; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 13(1): 16 (2006)
= Gymnocalycium gibbosum f. cerebriforme (Speg.) Papsch; Gymnocalycium 9(4): 201 (1996)
= Gymnocalycium gibbosum subsp. ferdinandii Halda, Malina & Milt; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 9(1): 61 (2002)
= Gymnocalycium gibbosum subsp. ferox (Labour. ex Rümpler) Papsch; Gymnocalycium 9(4): 201 (1996)
= Gymnocalycium gibbosum subsp. gastonii Halda & Milt; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 9(1): 62 (2002)
= Gymnocalycium gibbosum subsp. radekii Halda & Milt; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 9(1): 63 (2002)
= Gymnocalycium gibbosum subsp. radovanii Halda & Milt; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 13(1): 5 (2006)
= Gymnocalycium gibbosum var. brachypetalum (Speg.) Papsch; Gymnocalycium 9(4): 201 (1996)
= Gymnocalycium gibbosum var. cerebriformis Speg.; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 48: 50 (1899)
= Gymnocalycium gibbosum var. chubutense (Speg.) Papsch; Gymnocalycium 9: 201 (1996)
= Gymnocalycium gibbosum var. nigrum Backeb.; Cactaceae [Backeberg] 3: 1755 (1959)
= Gymnocalycium mackieanum (Hook.) Metzing, Mereg. & R.Kiesling; Allionia 33: 209 (1995)
= Gymnocalycium reductum var. leucodictyon (Salm-Dyck) Papsch; Gymnocalycium 10: 230 (1997)
= Gymnocalycium striglianum subsp. aeneum Mereg. & Guglielmone; Cactus & Co. 10: 74 (2006)
= Gymnocalycium striglianum subsp. otmari Halda & Milt; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 14(4): 102 (2007)
subspecies :
subsp. borthii (Koop ex H.Till) G.J.Charles; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 20: 18 (2005)
Distribution: Argentina (San Luis)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium borthii Koop; Kakteen And. Sukk. 27(2): 25 (1976)
= Gymnocalycium borthii Koop ex H.Till; Kakteen And. Sukk. 38(8): 191 (1987)
= Gymnocalycium borthii subsp. kokori Halda & Milt; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 14(4): 96 (2007)
= Gymnocalycium borthii subsp. nogolense Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 20(1): 701 (2007)
= Gymnocalycium borthii var. viridis Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 20(1): 705 (2007)
species :
Gymnocalycium glaucum F.Ritter; Sukkulentenkunde 7/8: 37 (1963)
subspecies :
subsp. glaucum
Distribution: Argentina (La Rioja, Catamarca)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium capillense var. mucidum (Oehme) H.Till; Gymnocalycium 16: 498 (2003)
= Gymnocalycium capillense var. sigelianum (Schick) H.Till; Gymnocalycium 16: 497 (2003)
= Gymnocalycium glaucum subsp. albertovojtechii Halda & Milt; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 13: 20 (2006)
= Gymnocalycium mucidum Oehme; Kakteen And. Sukk. 197 (1937)
subspecies :
subsp. ferrarii (Rausch) G.J.Charles; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 20: 18 (2005)
Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium ferrarii Rausch; Kakteen And. Sukk. 32: 7 (1981)
= Gymnocalycium hossei subsp. ferrarii (Rausch) Lodé; Cact.-Advent. Int. (Almeria) 33(1): 52 (2021)
= Gymnocalycium ferrarii subsp. evae Halda & Milt; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 14(4): 98 (2007)
species :
Gymnocalycium horstii Buining; Kakteen And. Sukk. 21: 162 (1970)
subspecies :
subsp. horstii
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium horstii subsp. megalanthum Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 21: 800 (2008)
subspecies :
subsp. buenekeri (Swales) P.J.Braun & Hofacker; Schumannia 3: 188 (2001 publ. 2002)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium buenekeri (Buining) Swales; Chileans 8(30): 150 (1975 publ. 1977), et Cact. Succ. J. Gr. Brit. 40(4): 97 (1978)
= Gymnocalycium horstii var. buenekeri (Swales) Buining
species :
Gymnocalycium hossei (F.Haage ex A.Berger) A.W.Hill; (1933)
Distribution: Uruguay (Canelones, Colonia, Florida Prov., Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rio Negro, Rocha, Salto, Soriano, Treinta y Tres); Argentina (La Rioja, Catamarca, Entre Rios)
85 ARG URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Cactus hyptiacanthus (Lem.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 246 (1841)
= Echinocactus hossei F.Haage; Preisverzeichniss Cact. Succ. 1927: 14 (1927)
= Echinocactus hyptiacanthus Lem.; Cact. Gen. Sp. Nov. 21 (1839)
= Echinocactus mazanensis Backeb.; Kakteen-Freund 1: 133 (1932)
= Echinocactus mazanensis var. breviflorus Backeb.; Kakteen-Freund 1: 134 (1932)
= Gymnocalycium gibbosum var. hyptiacanthum (Lem.) Y.Itô; Cacti [Borg] 1952: 89 (1952)
= Gymnocalycium guanchinense Schütz; Sukkulentenkunde 2: 32 (1948), anglice
= Gymnocalycium hossei var. breviflorum (Backeb.) H.Till; Gymnocalycium 21(Sonderausgabe): 816 (2008)
= Gymnocalycium hossei var. nidulans (Backeb.) H.Till; Gymnocalycium 21(Sonderausgabe): 816 (2008)
= Gymnocalycium hyptiacanthum (Lem.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 3: 156 (1922)
= Gymnocalycium mazanense (Backeb.) Backeb.; Kakteen-Freund 1: No. 12 (1933), Backeb. Blätt. Kakteenf. 2: 6 (1935)
= Gymnocalycium nidulans Backeb.; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 293 (1936)
= Gymnocalycium platense var. hyptiacanthum (Lem.) Backeb.; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 194 (1936)
= Gymnocalycium rhodantherum var. cinerascens H.Till; Gymnocalycium 17: 584 (2004)
= Gymnocalycium weissianum Backeb.; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 296 (1936)
= Gymnocalycium weissianum var. atroroseum Backeb.; Cactaceae [Backeberg] 3: 1763 (1959), nom. inval.
= Gymnocalycium weissianum var. cinerascens Backeb.
species :
Gymnocalycium kieslingii O.Ferrari; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 57(6): 244 (1985)
Distribution: Argentina (La Rioja, Santiago del Estero)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium frankianum Rausch ex H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 20(3): 730 (2007)
= Gymnocalycium kieslingii f. albiareolatum O.Ferrari; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 57(6): 246 (1985)
= Gymnocalycium kieslingii f. castaneum O.Ferrari; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 57(6): 246 (1985)
= Gymnocalycium kieslingii subsp. castaneum (O.Ferrari) Slaba; Kaktusy (Brno) 48: 55 (2012)
= Gymnocalycium kieslingii subsp. frankianum (Rausch ex H.Till & Amerh.) Slaba; Kaktusy (Brno) 48: 56 (2012)
species :
Gymnocalycium kroenleinii R.Kiesling, Rausch & O.Ferrari; Kakteen And. Sukk. 51(12): 316 (2000)
Distribution: Argentina (Santiago del Estero, La Rioja)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus leptanthus K.Schmidt; Kakteen-Freund 4: 10 (1935)
= Echinocactus platensis var. leptanthus Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, Ser. 3, 4: 504 (1905)
= Gymnocalycium kroenleinii subsp. funettae Mereg.; Schütziana 5: 8 (2014)
= Gymnocalycium leptanthum (Speg.) Speg.; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 99: 138 (1925)
= Gymnocalycium quehlianum subsp. leptanthum (Speg.) H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 20: 728 (2007)
species :
Gymnocalycium kuehhasii Neuhuber & R.Sperling; Gymnocalycium 21(1): 748 (2008)
subspecies :
subsp. kuehhasii
Distribution: Argentina (Cordoba)
85 ARG
subspecies :
subsp. corneispinum Sperling & Strub; Schütziana 10(2): 43 (2019)
Distribution: Argentina (Santiago del Estero)
85 ARG
subspecies :
subsp. incurvatispinum Sperling & Strub; Schütziana 10(2): 50 (2019)
Distribution: Argentina (Córdoba)
85 ARG
species :
Gymnocalycium kulhanekii Papsch; Schütziana 7(2): 4 (2016)
Distribution: Argentina (Córdoba)
85 ARG
species :
Gymnocalycium marekiorum Milt; Cactaceae etc. 27(4): (2017)
Distribution: Bolivia
83 BOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium marekiorum var. guaraniorum Schädlich; Schütziana 12(3): 25 (2021)
= Gymnocalycium marekiorum var. roboreanum Schädlich; Schütziana 12(3): 19 (2021)
= Gymnocalycium marekiorum subsp. sanjoseanum Schädlich; Schütziana 12(3): 29 (2021)
species :
Gymnocalycium marsoneri Fric ex Y.Itô; Explan. Diagr. Austroechinocactinae 293 (1957)
subspecies :
subsp. marsoneri
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); Argentina (Salta, Tucuman)
83 BOL 85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium delaetii subsp. marsoneri (Fric ex Y.Itô) H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 21(Sonderausgabe): 816 (2008)
= Gymnocalycium fricianum Plesník; Kakteen And. Sukk. 15: 110 (1964)
= Gymnocalycium hamatum F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamerika 2: 663 (1980)
= Gymnocalycium tudae Y.Itô; Explan. Diagr. Austroechinocactinae 292 (1957)
subspecies :
subsp. matoense (Buining & Brederoo) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherlands) 74(3): 131 (1995)
Distribution: Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Santa Cruz); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay)
83 BOL 84 BRA 85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium eytianum Cárdenas; Kakteen And. Sukk. 9: 25 (1958)
= Gymnocalycium friedrichii subsp. eytianum (Cárdenas) H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 21(Sonderausgabe): 816 (2008), nom. inval.
= Gymnocalycium itatiquense H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 22: 894 (2009)
= Gymnocalycium marsoneri subsp. megatae (Y.Itô) G.J.Charles; Gymnocalycium Habitat Culture 241 (2009)
= Gymnocalycium matoense Buining & Brederoo; Kakteen And. Sukk. 26(12): 265 (1975)
= Gymnocalycium megatae subsp. matoense (Buining & Brederoo) H.Till; Gymnocalycium 21(Sonderausgabe): 816 (2008)
= Gymnocalycium megatae subsp. matoense (Buining & Brederoo) H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 23(4): 965 (2010), isonym
= Gymnocalycium megatae subsp. zecheri Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 23(4): 965 (-966, fig. 11, map) (2010)
= Gymnocalycium megatae var. che-guevarai Milt; Cactaceae etc. 26: 116 (2016)
= Gymnocalycium megatae Y.Itô; Explan. Diagr. Austroechinocactinae 292 (1957)
= Gymnocalycium onychacanthum Y.Itô; Explan. Diagr. Austroechinocactinae 292 (1957)
= Gymnocalycium pflanzii var. eytianum (Cárdenas) Donald; Natl. Cact. Succ. J. 26: 100 (1971)
= Gymnocalycium pseudomalacocarpum Backeb.; Kakteenlexikon 172 (1966)
= Gymnocalycium tudae var. bolivianum F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamerika 2: 663 (1980)
= Gymnocalycium tudae var. pseudomalacocarpus (Backeb.) Donald; Natl. Cact. Succ. J. 26: 100 (1971)
species :
Gymnocalycium mendozaense C.A.L.Bercht & Schädlich; Gymnocalycium 28(3): 1177, figs. (2015)
Distribution: Paraguay
85 PAR
species :
Gymnocalycium mesopotamicum R.Kiesling; Cact. Succ. J. Gr. Brit. 42(2): 39 (1980)
Distribution: Argentina (Corrientes)
85 ARG
species :
Gymnocalycium mihanovichii (Fric & Gürke) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 3: 153 (1922)
Name: Chin Cactus, Plaid Cactus
Distribution: Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Pres. Hayes); Argentina (Chaco, Formosa)
85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus mihanovichii Fric & Gürke; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 142 (1905)
= Gymnocalycium mihanovichii var. filadelfiense Backeb.; Kakteenlexikon 170 (1966)
= Gymnocalycium mihanovichii f. nigrum Y.Itô; Cactaceae [Itô] 409 (1981)
= Gymnocalycium mihanovichii var. albiflorum Pazout; Friciana 3(17): 5 (1963)
species :
Gymnocalycium monvillei (Lem.) Pfeiff. ex Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 3: 161 (1922)
subspecies :
subsp. monvillei
Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, La Rioja, Cordoba, San Luis)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus brachyanthus Gürke; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 17: 123 (1907)
= Echinocactus monvillei Lem.; Cact. Aliq. Nov. 14 (1838)
= Echinocactus multiflorus f. albispinus (K.Schum.) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 186 (1907)
= Echinocactus multiflorus f. parisiensis (K.Schum.) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 186 (1907)
= Echinocactus multiflorus Hook.; Bot. Mag. 71: t. 4181 (1845)
= Echinocactus multiflorus var. albispinus K.Schum.; Gesamtbeschr. Kakt. 405 (1898)
= Echinocactus multiflorus var. hybopleurus K.Schum.; Gesamtbeschr. Kakt. 405 (1898)
= Echinocactus multiflorus var. parisiensis K.Schum.; Gesamtbeschr. Kakt. 405 (1898)
= Echinocactus ourselianus Monv.; Herb. Gén. Amat. Sér. 2, 42-43 (1843)
= Echinocactus ourselianus var. albispinus Hand.-Mazz. ex Pax & K.Hoffm.; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 5: 111 (1895)
= Gymnocactus ourselianum (Monv.) Y.Itô; Explan. Diagr. Austroechinocactinae 178 (1957)
= Gymnocalycium ambatoense Piltz; Kakteen And. Sukk. 31: 13 (1980)
= Gymnocalycium ambatoense subsp. plesnikii Halda & Milt; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 13: 19 (2006)
= Gymnocalycium brachyanthum (Gürke) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 3: 159 (1922)
= Gymnocalycium catamarcense subsp. acinacispinum H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 8: 146 (1995)
= Gymnocalycium catamarcense subsp. schmidianum H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 8(1): 145 (1995)
= Gymnocalycium curvispinum Fric; Möller´s Deutsche Gärtn.-Zeitung 44: 170 (1929)
= Gymnocalycium grandiflorum Backeb.; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 289 (1936)
= Gymnocalycium hybopleurum (K.Schum.) Backeb.; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 289 (1936)
= Gymnocalycium hybopleurum var. breviflorum Backeb.; Kakteenlexikon 168 (1966), nom. inval.
= Gymnocalycium hybopleurum var. centrispinum Backeb.; Kakteenlexikon 168 (1966), nom. inval.
= Gymnocalycium hybopleurum var. ferocior Backeb.; Kakteenlexikon 168 (1966), nom. inval.
= Gymnocalycium megalothelon var. susannae H.Till; Gymnocalycium 18: 624 (2005)
= Gymnocalycium monvillei subsp. brachyanthum (Gürke) H.Till; Gymnocalycium 6(3): 102 (1993)
= Gymnocalycium monvillei subsp. gertrudae (Neuhuber) Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 12(2): 286 (1999)
= Gymnocalycium monvillei var. coloratum Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 12(2): 285 (1999)
= Gymnocalycium monvillei var. confusa Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 12(2): 286 (1999)
= Gymnocalycium monvillei var. gertrudae Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 6(4): 110 (1993)
= Gymnocalycium monvillei var. grandiflorum (Backeb.) H.Till; Gymnocalycium 3: 38 (1990)
= Gymnocalycium monvillei var. safronovii V.Gapon; Kaktus-Klub 13(1-2): 33 (2009)
= Gymnocalycium monvillei var. steineri H.Till; Gymnocalycium 3(3): 39 (1990)
= Gymnocalycium multiflorum (Hook.) Britton & Rose; Addisonia 3: 5 (1918)
= Gymnocalycium multiflorum var. albispinum P.Fourn.; Cactées Pl. Grasses 44 (1935)
= Gymnocalycium multiflorum var. hybopleurum P.Fourn.; Cactées Pl. Grasses 44 (1935)
= Gymnocalycium multiflorum var. ourselianum H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 20(2): 719 (2007)
= Gymnocalycium multiflorum var. parisiense P.Fourn.; Cactées Pl. Grasses 44 (1935)
= Gymnocalycium ourselianum (Monv. ex Salm-Dyck) Papsch; Schütziana 9: 7 (2018)
= Gymnocalycium schmidianum (H.Till & W.Till) Mereg. & Kulhánek; Schütziana 6(1): 7 (2015)
= Gymnocalycium schmidianum subsp. asperum Mereg. & Kulhánek; Schütziana 6(1): 22, figs. 89-181 (photogrs.) (2015)
= Gymnocalycium schuetzianum H.Till & Schatzl; Kakteen And. Sukk. 32(10): 236 (1981)
subspecies :
subsp. achirasense (H.Till & Schatzl) H.Till; Gymnocalycium 6(3): 102 (1993)
Distribution: Argentina (Cordoba, San Luis Prov.)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium achirasense H.Till & Schatzl; Kakteen And. Sukk. 30(2): 25 (1979)
= Gymnocalycium achirasense H.Till & Schatzl ex H.Till; Kakteen And. Sukk. 38(8): 191 (1987)
= Gymnocalycium achirasense subsp. chacrasense (Neuhuber) Neuhuber & V.Gapon; Cact. Explor. 15: 72 (2016)
= Gymnocalycium achirasense subsp. echinatum (Neuhuber) V.Gapon; 11000 km Argentina Kaktusy 1: 89 (2010)
= Gymnocalycium achirasense subsp. kainradliae (Neuhuber) V.Gapon; 11000 km Argentina Kaktusy 1: 89 (2010)
= Gymnocalycium achirasense var. chacrasense (Neuhuber) V.Gapon; 11000 km Argentina Kaktusy 1: 89 (2010)
= Gymnocalycium achirasense var. orientale (Neuhuber) V.Gapon; 11000 km Argentina Kaktusy 1: 89 (2010)
= Gymnocalycium achirasense var. villamercedense (H.Till & Neuhuber) V.Gapon; 11000 km Argentina Kaktusy 1: 89 (2010)
= Gymnocalycium horridispinum subsp. achirasense (H.Till & Schatzl) G.J.Charles; Gymnocalycium Habitat Culture 154 (2009)
= Gymnocalycium horridispinum var. achirasense (H.Till & Schatzl) Lodé; Cact.-Avent. 27: 29 (1995)
= Gymnocalycium monvillei f. villamercedense H.Till & Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 6(3): 105 (1993)
= Gymnocalycium monvillei var. chacrasense Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 6(3): 105 (1993)
= Gymnocalycium monvillei var. echinatum Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 6(4): 108 (1993)
= Gymnocalycium monvillei var. kainradliae Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 6(4): 107 (1993)
= Gymnocalycium monvillei var. orientale Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 6(3): 103 (1993)
= Gymnocalycium orientale (Neuhuber) Neuhuber & V.Gapon; Cact. Explor. 15: 70 (2016)
= Gymnocalycium orientale subsp. kainradliae (Neuhuber) Neuhuber & V.Gapon; Cact. Explor. 15: 71 (2016)
= Gymnocalycium orientale var. vikulovii Neuhuber & V.Gapon; Cact. Explor. 15: 72 (2016)
subspecies :
subsp. horridispinum (G.Frank ex H.Till) H.Till; Gymnocalycium 6(3): 102 (1993)
Distribution: Argentina (Cordoba)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium horridispinum G.Frank; Kakteen And. Sukk. 14: 10 (1963)
= Gymnocalycium horridispinum Frank ex H.Till; Kakteen And. Sukk. 38(8): 191 (1987)
species :
Gymnocalycium mostii (Gürke) Britton & Rose; Addisonia 3: 5 (1918)
Distribution: Argentina (Cordoba)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus centeterius f. pachycentrus (Lehm. ex Pfeiff.) Schelle; Kakteen [Schelle] 235 (1926)
= Echinocactus centeterius Lehm. ex Pfeiff.; Enum. Diagn. Cact. 65 (1837)
= Echinocactus centeterius var. major Lem. & Monv.; Cact. Gen. Sp. Nov. 91 (1839)
= Echinocactus centeterius var. pachycentrus (Lehm. ex Pfeiff.) Salm-Dyck; Cact. Hort. Dyck. [1849 ed.]: 33 (1850)
= Echinocactus kurtzianus Gürke; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 16: 55 (1906)
= Echinocactus mostii Gürke; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 16: 11 (1906)
= Echinocactus pachycentrus Lehm. ex Pfeiff.; Enum. Diagn. Cact. 66 (1837)
= Gymnocalycium bicolor (Repka) V.Gapon; Kaktus-Klub, n. s. 5(1): 63 (2021), isonym
= Gymnocalycium bicolor (Repka) Schütz; Friciana, Rada 1 Zprav C. 7: z-2-3 (1962)
= Gymnocalycium bicolor subsp. simplex (Repka) V.Gapon; Kaktus-Klub, n. s. 5(1): 63 (2021)
= Gymnocalycium centeterium (Lehm. ex Pfeiff.) Hosseus; Revista Centro Estud. Farm., reimpr. 2(6): 22 (1926)
= Gymnocalycium immemoratum A.Cast. & H.V.Lelong; Lilloa 4: 195 (1939)
= Gymnocalycium kurtzianum (Gürke) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 3: 163 (1922)
= Gymnocalycium mostii f. kurtzianum (Gürke) H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 15(1): 430 (2002)
= Gymnocalycium mostii subsp. bicolor Repka; Bradleya 32: 171 (2014)
= Gymnocalycium mostii subsp. prochazkianum (Sorma) G.J.Charles; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 29: 14 (2013)
= Gymnocalycium mostii subsp. valnicekianum (Jajó) Mereg. & G.J.Charles; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 24: 25 (2008)
= Gymnocalycium mostii var. immemoratum (A.Cast. & H.V.Lelong) H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 15(1): 431 (2002)
= Gymnocalycium mostii var. kurtzianum (Gürke) Backeb.; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 292 (1936)
= Gymnocalycium mostii var. miradorense H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 15(1): 432 (2002)
= Gymnocalycium prochazkianum Sorma; Gymnofil 28(1-2): 2-6 (1999)
= Gymnocalycium prochazkianum subsp. ivoi Halda & Milt; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 13(1): 10 (2006)
= Gymnocalycium prochazkianum subsp. simile Repka; Bradleya 31: 109 (2013)
= Gymnocalycium prochazkianum subsp. simplex Repka; Bradleya 31: 106 (2013)
= Gymnocalycium tobuschianum Schick-Freib.; Cact. Succ. J. Gr. Brit. 15: 44 (1953)
= Gymnocalycium valnicekianum Jajó; Kaktusár 5: 73 (1934), Issue 156 ex et Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 296 (1935)
= Gymnocalycium valnicekianum subsp. prochazkianum (Sorma) H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 15(2): 452 (2002)
= Gymnocalycium valnicekianum var. bicolor H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 15(2): 452 (2002)
= Neoporteria centeteria (Lehm. ex Pfeiff.) G.D.Rowley; Excelsa 12: 39 (1986)
= Pyrrhocactus centeterius (Lehm. ex Pfeiff.) A.Berger; Kakteen [Berger] 345 (1929)
= Uebelmannia centeteria (Lehm. ex Pfeiff.) Schnabel; Kakteen And. Sukk. 22: 166 (1971)
species :
Gymnocalycium neuhuberi H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 5(1): 59 (1992)
Distribution: Argentina (San Luis)
85 ARG
species :
Gymnocalycium nigriareolatum Backeb.; Blätt. Kakteenf. 5: 8 (1934)
Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, La Rioja)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium nigriareolatum f. carmineum H.Till; Gymnocalycium 11(3): 255 (1998)
= Gymnocalycium nigriareolatum var. densispinum Backeb. ex H.Till; Gymnocalycium 11(3): 255 (1998)
= Gymnocalycium nigriareolatum var. simoi H.Till; Gymnocalycium 11(3): 258 (1998)
species :
Gymnocalycium ochoterenae Backeb.; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 293, 417 (1935)
Distribution: Argentina (Cordoba, San Luis)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium bodenbenderianum subsp. intertextum (Backeb. ex H.Till) H.Till; Gymnocalycium 6(1): 83 (1993)
= Gymnocalycium intertextum Backeb.; Kakteenlexikon 169 (1966)
= Gymnocalycium intertextum Backeb. ex H.Till; Kakteen And. Sukk. 38(8): 191 (1987)
= Gymnocalycium ochoterenae subsp. herbsthoferianum H.Till & Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 5(4): 75 (1992)
= Gymnocalycium ochoterenae subsp. vatteri (Buining) Papsch; Gymnocalycium 6: 79 (1993)
= Gymnocalycium ochoterenae var. altautinense Papsch; Gymnocalycium 6: 79 (1993)
= Gymnocalycium ochoterenae var. cinereum Backeb.; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 417 (1936)
= Gymnocalycium ochoterenae var. polygonum Backeb.; Kakteenlexikon 171 (1966)
= Gymnocalycium ochoterenae var. scoparium H.Till & Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 5(4): 74 (1992)
= Gymnocalycium ochoterenae var. tenuispinum Backeb.; Kakteenlexikon 171 (1966), nom. inval.
= Gymnocalycium ochoterenae var. variispinum Backeb.; Kakteenlexikon 172 (1966), nom. inval.
= Gymnocalycium vatteri Buining; Succulenta (Netherlands) 66 (1950)
= Gymnocalycium vatteri var. altautinense (Papsch) V.Gapon; Gymnorus 19: 74 (2006 publ. 2007)
species :
Gymnocalycium oenanthemum Backeb.; Kaktusár, August (1934)
Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium carminanthum Borth & Koop; Kakteen And. Sukk. 27(4): 73 (1976)
= Gymnocalycium carminanthum Borth & Koop ex Papsch; Schütziana 9(3): 11 (2018)
= Gymnocalycium carminanthum var. montanum Slaba; Kaktusy (Brno) 35(1): 8 (1999)
= Gymnocalycium oenanthemum subsp. ambatoense (Piltz) Lodé; Cact.-Advent. Int. (Almeria) 33(1): 52 (2021)
= Gymnocalycium oenanthemum subsp. carminanthum (Borth & Koop) H.Till; Gymnocalycium 21(Sonderausgabe): 816 (2008)
= Gymnocalycium oenanthemum var. montanum (Slaba) Slaba; Kaktusy (Brno) 47(2): 42 (2011)
= Gymnocalycium oenanthemum var. tillianum (Rausch) Slaba; Kaktusy (Brno) 47(2): 44 (2011)
= Gymnocalycium tillianum Rausch; Kakteen And. Sukk. 21: 66 (1970)
= Gymnocalycium tillianum subsp. montanum (Slaba) F.Berger; Gymnocalycium 22(2): 866 (2009)
species :
Gymnocalycium paediophilum Schütz; Kaktusy (Brno) 13(5): 100 (1977), as ´paediophylum´
Distribution: Paraguay (Alto Paraguay)
85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium paediophilum F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamerika 1: 269 (1979), nom. illeg.
species :
Gymnocalycium paraguayense (K.Schum.) Hosseus; Arch. Esc. Farm. Fac. Sci. Med. Cordoba 9 (Not. Cact. Argentina 1): 106 (1939)
Distribution: Paraguay (Cordillera, Paraguari)
85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus denudatus f. andersohnianus (J.N.Haage) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 189 (1907)
= Echinocactus denudatus f. bruennowianus (F.Haage) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 189 (1907)
= Echinocactus denudatus f. heuschkehlianus (J.N.Haage) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 189 (1907)
= Echinocactus denudatus f. meiklejohnianus (J.N.Haage) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 189 (1907)
= Echinocactus denudatus f. roseiflorus (Hildm. ex K.Schum.) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 190 (1907)
= Echinocactus denudatus f. scheidelianus (J.N.Haage) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 190 (1907)
= Echinocactus denudatus f. wagnerianus (J.N.Haage) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 190 (1907)
= Echinocactus denudatus f. wieditzianus (J.N.Haage) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 190 (1907)
= Echinocactus denudatus var. andersohnianus F.Haage; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 8: 36 (1898)
= Echinocactus denudatus var. anisitsii Fric; Kakteenjäger 6 (1929)
= Echinocactus denudatus var. bruennowianus F.Haage; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 8: 37 (1898)
= Echinocactus denudatus var. brumorviana F.Haage; Cact. J. (London) 1: 90 (1898)
= Echinocactus denudatus var. delaetianus F.Haage; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 8: 36 (1898)
= Echinocactus denudatus var. flavispinus Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 189 (1907)
= Echinocactus denudatus var. golzianus F.Haage; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 7: 197 (1897)
= Echinocactus denudatus var. heuschkelianus F.Haage; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 8: 36 (1898)
= Echinocactus denudatus var. meiklejohnianus F.Haage; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 8: 36 (1898)
= Echinocactus denudatus var. multiflorus Quézel, M.Barbero & R.J.Loisel; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 14: 178 (1904)
= Echinocactus denudatus var. paraguayensis (K.Schum.) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 190 (1907)
= Echinocactus denudatus var. roseiflorus Hildm. ex K.Schum.; Gesamtbeschr. Kakt. 414 (1898)
= Echinocactus denudatus var. scheidelianus F.Haage; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 8: 37 (1898)
= Echinocactus denudatus var. wagnerianus F.Haage; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 8: 37 (1898)
= Echinocactus denudatus var. wieditzianus F.Haage; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 8: 36 (1898)
= Echinocactus paraguayensis K.Schum.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 3: 252 (1903)
= Echinocactus platensis var. parvulus Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, Ser. 3, 4: 505 (1905)
= Gymnocalycium fleischerianum (Mereg., Metzing & R.Kiesling) L.Vala; Gymnocalycium 16(3): 520 (2003)
= Gymnocalycium fleischerianum Jojo ex Backeb. & F.M.Knuth; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 288 (1936), nom. inval.
= Gymnocalycium paraguayense f. fleischerianum Mereg., Metzing & R.Kiesling; Candollea 57(2): 313 (2002)
= Gymnocalycium platense var. parvulum (Speg.) Y.Itô; Cacti [Borg] 1952: 89 (1952)
species :
Gymnocalycium pflanzii (Vaupel) Werderm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Sonderbeih. C. t. 94 (1935)
subspecies :
subsp. pflanzii
Distribution: Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Tarija)
83 BOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus pflanzii Vaupel; Z. Sukkulentenk. 1: 83 (1923)
= Gymnocalycium chuquisacanum Cárdenas; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 38: 146 (1966)
= Gymnocalycium izozogsii Cárdenas; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 38: 145 (1966)
= Gymnocalycium lagunillasense Cárdenas; Kakteen And. Sukk. 9: 22 (1958)
= Gymnocalycium marquezii Cárdenas; Kakteen And. Sukk. 9: 26 (1958)
= Gymnocalycium marquezii var. argentinense Backeb.; Kakteenlexikon 169 (1955), nom. inval.
= Gymnocalycium pflanzii f. chuquisacanum (Cárdenas) Donald; Natl. Cact. Succ. J. 26(4): 100 (1971)
= Gymnocalycium pflanzii subsp. dorisiae Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 11: 267 (1998)
= Gymnocalycium pflanzii var. albipulpa F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamerika 2: 660 (1980)
= Gymnocalycium pflanzii var. izozogsii (Cárdenas) Donald; Natl. Cact. Succ. J. 26(4): 100 (1971)
= Gymnocalycium pflanzii var. lagunillasense (Cárdenas) Donald; Natl. Cact. Succ. J. 26(4): 100 (1971)
= Gymnocalycium pflanzii var. paraguayense H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 13(1): 347 (2000)
subspecies :
subsp. argentinense H.Till & W.Till; Kakteen And. Sukk. 39(12): 277 (1988)
Distribution: Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Pres. Hayes); Argentina (Salta)
85 ARG PAR
subspecies :
subsp. zegarrae (Cárdenas) G.J.Charles; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 20: 18 (2005)
Distribution: Bolivia
83 BOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus stenocarpus K.Schum.; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 10: 181 (1900)
= Gymnocalycium millaresii Cárdenas; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 38: 144 (1966)
= Gymnocalycium pflanzii var. millaresii (Cárdenas) Donald; Natl. Cact. Succ. J. 26(4): 100 (1971)
= Gymnocalycium pflanzii var. riograndense (Cárdenas) Donald; Natl. Cact. Succ. J. 26(4): 100 (1971)
= Gymnocalycium pflanzii var. zegarrae (Cárdenas) Donald; Natl. Cact. Succ. J. 26(4): 100 (1971)
= Gymnocalycium reductum var. schatzlianum (Strigl & W.Till) Papsch; Gymnocalycium 13: 371 (2000)
= Gymnocalycium riograndense Cárdenas; Kakteen And. Sukk. 9: 24 (1958)
= Gymnocalycium schatzlianum Strigl & W.Till; Kakteen And. Sukk. 36: 252 (1985)
= Gymnocalycium zegarrae Cárdenas; Kakteen And. Sukk. 9: 21 (1958)
= Gymnocalycium zegarrae subsp. millaresii (Cárdenas) H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 13(2): 355 (2000)
= Gymnocalycium zegarrae subsp. riograndense (Cárdenas) H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 13: 353 (2000)
= Gymnocalycium zegarrae var. riograndense (Cárdenas) H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 13(2): 353 (2000)
species :
Gymnocalycium pinalii Mereg. & Kulhánek; Schütziana 7(1): 4 (2016)
Distribution: NE-Argentina
85 ARG
species :
Gymnocalycium ponomarevae V.Gapon & Neuhuber; Cact. Explor. 18: 51, figs. 18-30 (2017)
Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca)
85 ARG
species :
Gymnocalycium pugionacanthum Backeb.; Kakteenlexikon 172 (1966), et ex H. Till, Kakteen And. Sukk. 38(8): 191 (1987)
Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, La Rioja)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium catamarcense f. belense H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 8(1): 144 (1995)
= Gymnocalycium catamarcense f. ensispinum H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 8(1): 143 (1995)
= Gymnocalycium catamarcense f. montanum H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 8(1): 143 (1995)
= Gymnocalycium catamarcense H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 8(1): 142 (1995)
= Gymnocalycium pugionacanthum var. stejskalii Milt; Cactaceae etc. 27(2): 69 (2017)
species :
Gymnocalycium quehlianum (F.Haage ex Quehl) Vaupel ex Hosseus; Revist. Cent. Estud. Farm. Cordoba 2: No. 6, reimpr. p. 22 (1926)
Distribution: Argentina (Cordoba, San Luis)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus platensis var. quehlianus (Haage ex Quehl) Speg.
= Echinocactus platensis var. terweemeanus Teucq ex Duursma; Succulenta (Netherlands) 12: 137 (1930)
= Echinocactus quehlianus F.Haage ex H.Quehl; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 9: 43 (1899)
= Echinocactus stellatus Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 11: 505 (1905)
= Gymnocalycium amoenum (H.Till) J.G.Lamb.; Succulenta (Netherlands) 81(5): 230 (2002)
= Gymnocalycium asterium A.Cast.; Revista Fac. Ci. Agrar. Mendoza 6: 2 (1957), nom. illeg.
= Gymnocalycium obductum Piltz; Succulenta (Netherlands) 69: 75 (1990)
= Gymnocalycium parvulum subsp. amoenum (H.Till) F.Berger; Gymnocalycium 21(2): 766 (2008)
= Gymnocalycium parvulum var. amoenum H.Till; Gymnocalycium 7: 125 (1994)
= Gymnocalycium quehlianum var. albispinum Bozsing ex Backeb.; Cactaceae [Backeberg] 3: 1722 (1959), nom. inval.
= Gymnocalycium quehlianum var. flavispinum Bozsing ex Backeb.; Cactaceae [Backeberg] 3: 1722 (1959), nom. inval.
= Gymnocalycium quehlianum var. rolfianum Schick; Sukkulentenkunde 2: 26 (1948)
= Gymnocalycium quehlianum var. stellatum (Speg.) Dölz; Sukkulentenkunde 6: 30 (1957)
= Gymnocalycium quehlianum var. terweemeanum (Teucq ex Duursma) H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 20: 730 (2007)
= Gymnocalycium quehlianum var. zantnerianum Schick; Sukkulentenkunde 2: 25 (1948)
= Gymnocalycium stellatum (Speg.) Speg.; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 99: 142 (1925)
= Gymnocalycium stellatum var. flavispinum Bozsing ex H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 9: 172 (1996)
= Gymnocalycium stellatum var. kleinianum Rausch ex H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 9(1): 171 (1996)
= Gymnocalycium stellatum var. obductum (Piltz) H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 9: 174 (1996)
= Gymnocalycium stellatum var. zantnerianum (H.Schick) H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 9(1): 169 (1996)
= Gymnocalycium terweemeanum (Teucq ex Duursma) Borgmann & Piltz; Gymnos 13(25-26): 47 (1997)
species :
Gymnocalycium ragonesei A.Cast.; Lilloa 23: 5 (1950)
Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium asterium var. minimum Pazout; Kaktusy [Pazout, Valnicek & Subík] 132 (1960)
= Gymnocalycium stellatum var. minimum (Pazout) R.Strong; Natl. Cact. Succ. J. 30: 49 (1975)
species :
Gymnocalycium reductum (Link) Pfeiff. ex Mittler; Taschenb. Cactusliebh. 2: 124 (1844)
subspecies :
subsp. reductum
Distribution: Argentina (Buenos Aires)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cactus nobilis Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 174 (1812), nom. illeg.
= Cactus reductus Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 21 (1822)
= Echinocactus gibbosus f. nobilis (K.Schum.) Schelle; Handb. Kakteenkult. 186 (1907)
= Echinocactus gibbosus var. nobilis K.Schum.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] III, 6a: 188 (1894)
= Echinocactus gibbosus var. ventanicola Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, Ser. 3, 2: 7 (1903)
= Gymnocalycium gibbosum var. nobile (K.Schum.) Y.Itô
= Gymnocalycium platense var. ventanicola (Speg.) R.Kiesling; Darwiniana 24(1-4): 441 (1982), et Succulenta, 67(11): 237 (1988)
= Gymnocalycium reductum subsp. sibalii (Halda & Milt) Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 21(1): 758 (2008)
= Gymnocalycium sibalii Halda & Milt; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 13: 7 (2006)
variant :
var. platense (Speg.) R.Kiesling; Darwiniana 45(2): 237 (2007)
Distribution: Argentina (Buenos Aires)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus gibbosus var. platensis (Speg.) Lamb.; Gymnos 8(15): 18 (1991), isonym
= Echinocactus gibbosus var. platensis (Speg.) Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, Ser. 3, 2: 8 (1903)
= Echinocactus platensis Speg.; Contr. Fl. Sierra Vent. 28 (1896)
= Gymnocalycium platense (Speg.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 3: 163 (1922)
subspecies :
subsp. leeanum (Hook.) Papsch; Gymnocalycium 13: 371 (2000)
Distribution: Uruguay; NE-Argentina
85 ARG URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus leeanus Hook.; Bot. Mag. t. 4184 (1845)
= Gymnocalycium hyptiacanthum subsp. leeanum (Hook.) Lodé; Cact.-Advent. Int. (Almeria) 33(1): 52 (2021)
= Gymnocalycium leeanum (Hook.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 3: 154 (1922)
species :
Gymnocalycium rhodantherum (Boed.) H.Till; Gymnocalycium 17(3): 580 (2004)
Distribution: Argentina (San Juan, La Rioja)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus rhodantherus Boed.; Kakteenkunde 13 (1934)
= Gymnocalycium acorrugatum J.G.Lamb.; Succulenta (Netherlands) 67(1): 4 (1988)
= Gymnocalycium castellanosii subsp. acorrugatum (J.G.Lamb.) G.J.Charles; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 20: 17 (2005), isonym
= Gymnocalycium castellanosii subsp. acorrugatum (J.G.Lamb.) R.Kiesling & Metzing; Fl. San Juan (2003)
= Gymnocalycium coloradense F.Berger; Gymnocalycium 19(4): 693 (2006)
= Gymnocalycium jochumii Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 18: 605 (2005)
= Gymnocalycium jochumii var. jugum Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 18: 606 (2005)
= Gymnocalycium mazanense var. rhodantherum (Boed.) Backeb.; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 291 (1936)
= Gymnocalycium rhodantherum subsp. recii Halda & Milt; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 14(4): 100 (2007)
species :
Gymnocalycium ritterianum Rausch; Kakteen And. Sukk. 23(7): 180 (1972)
Distribution: Argentina (La Rioja)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium ritterianum subsp. acentracanthum F.Berger; Gymnocalycium 18(1): 601 (2005)
species :
Gymnocalycium robustum R.Kiesling, O.Ferrari & Metzing; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 74(1): 4 (2002)
Distribution: Argentina (Córdoba)
85 ARG
species :
Gymnocalycium saglionis (Cels) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 3: 157 (1922)
Name: Giant Chin Cactus
Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, La Rioja, Salta, San Juan, Tucuman, Jujuy)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Brachycalycium tilcarense Backeb.; Jahrb. Deutsch. Kakteen-Ges. Pt. 2, 78 (1941 publ. 1942)
= Echinocactus hybogonus Salm-Dyck; Cact. Hort. Dyck. [1849 ed.]: 167 (1850)
= Echinocactus saglionis Cels; Portef. Hort. (1847) 180, ex Labour. Monogr. Cact. 257
= Gymnocalycium saglionis f. columnare H.Till; Gymnocalycium 25(2): 1029 (2012)
= Gymnocalycium saglionis f. splendens H.Till; Gymnocalycium 25(2): 1029 (2012)
= Gymnocalycium saglionis subsp. tilcarense (Backeb.) H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 10(2): 215 (1997)
= Gymnocalycium saglionis var. australe H.Till; Gymnocalycium 25(2): 1029 (2012)
= Gymnocalycium saglionis var. jujuyense Backeb.; Kaktusár 5: 106 (1934)
= Gymnocalycium saglionis var. minus H.Till; Gymnocalycium 25(2): 1028 (2012)
species :
Gymnocalycium sanluisense Neuhuber; Kaktus-Klub 2(2): 15 (2018)
Distribution: NW-Argentina
85 ARG
species :
Gymnocalycium schickendantzii (F.A.C.Weber) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 3: 164 (1922)
subspecies :
subsp. schickendantzii
Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, Cordoba, La Rioja, Mendoza, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, San Juan, San Luis, Tucuman)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus schickendantzii F.A.C.Weber; Dict. Hort. [Bois] 1: 470 (1896)
= Echinocactus stuckertii Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 11: 502 (1905)
= Gymnocalycium michoga Backeb. ex Y.Itô; Explan. Diagr. Austroechinocactinae 292 (1957)
= Gymnocalycium pungens Z.Fleisch.; Friciana, Rada 1 Zprav C. 7: 1, 8 (1962)
= Gymnocalycium schickendantzii subsp. bergeri Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 14(4): 420 (2001)
= Gymnocalycium schickendantzii subsp. periferalium Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 17(2): 564 (photogr.) (2004)
= Gymnocalycium schickendantzii var. pectinatum Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 17(2): 565 (photogr.) (2004)
= Gymnocalycium stuckertii (Speg.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 3: 165 (1922)
subspecies :
subsp. delaetii (K.Schum.) G.J.Charles; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 20: 18 (2005)
Distribution: Argentina (Salta)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus delaetii K.Schum.; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 11: 186 (1901)
= Gymnocalycium antherostele F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamerika 2: 475 (1980)
= Gymnocalycium delaetii (K.Schum.) Hosseus; Revista Centro Estud. Farm., reimpr. 2(6): 22 (1926)
= Gymnocalycium delaetii f. antherosacos F.Ritter ex Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 14(4): 423 (2001)
species :
Gymnocalycium schroederianum Osten; Anales Mus. Hist. Nat. Montevideo, Ser. 2, 5(1): 60 (1941)
Distribution: Uruguay (Rio Negro); Argentina (Entre Rios, Buenos Aires, Santa Fe, Corrientes)
85 ARG URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium erolesii Neuhuber & C.A.L.Bercht; Gymnocalycium 15(4): 475 (2002)
= Gymnocalycium hyptiacanthum subsp. paucicostatum (R.Kiesling) Papsch; Gymnocalycium 14(1): 390 (2001)
= Gymnocalycium hyptiacanthum subsp. schroederianum (Osten) Papsch; Gymnocalycium 14(1): 390 (2001)
= Gymnocalycium platense subsp. paucicostatum (R.Kiesling) Papsch; Schütziana 6(3): 8 (2015)
= Gymnocalycium platense subsp. schroederianum (Osten) Papsch; Schütziana 6(3): 8 (2015)
= Gymnocalycium schroederianum subsp. bayense R.Kiesling; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 59: 48 (1987)
= Gymnocalycium schroederianum subsp. boessii R.Kiesling, Marchesi & O.Ferrari; Kakteen And. Sukk. 53: 226 (2002)
= Gymnocalycium schroederianum subsp. paucicostatum R.Kiesling; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 59: 49 (1987)
species :
Gymnocalycium spegazzinii Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 3: 155 (1922)
subspecies :
subsp. spegazzinii
Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, Salta, Tucuman)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus loricatus Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 11: 502 (1905), nom. illeg.
= Gymnocalycium horizonthalonium Fric ex Kreuz.; Möller´s Deutsche Gärtn.-Zeitung 44: 254, fig. (1929)
= Gymnocalycium loricatum Speg.; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 99: 140 (1925)
= Gymnocalycium spegazzinii f. unguispinum Slaba; Kaktusy (Brno) 41(2): 41 (2005)
= Gymnocalycium spegazzinii subsp. sarkae Halda & Milt; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 13(1): 22 (2006)
= Gymnocalycium spegazzinii var. punillense H.Till & W.Till; Gymnocalycium 7(1): 119 (1994)
subspecies :
subsp. cardenasianum (F.Ritter) R.Kiesling & Metzing; Darwiniana 34(1-4): 404 (1996)
Distribution: Bolivia (Tarija)
83 BOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium armatum F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamerika 2: 662 (1980)
= Gymnocalycium cardenasianum f. armatum (F.Ritter) H.Till & Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 12: 308 (1999)
= Gymnocalycium cardenasianum F.Ritter; Taxon 13: 144 (1964)
= Gymnocalycium cardenasianum subsp. armatum (F.Ritter) V.Gapon & Vikulov; Kaktus-Klub, n. s. 5(1): 50 (2021)
= Gymnocalycium cardenasianum subsp. pseudoarmatum V.Gapon & Vikulov; Kaktus-Klub, n. s. 5(1): 50 (2021)
= Gymnocalycium cardenasianum var. pseudocrassispinum Milt; Cactaceae etc. 2019-1: 29 (2019)
= Gymnocalycium spegazzinii subsp. armatum (F.Ritter) Halda & Sorma; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 9(1): 65 (2002)
= Gymnocalycium spegazzinii var. armatum (F.Ritter) Slaba & Sorma; Kaktusy (Brno) 40(3): 69 (2004)
species :
Gymnocalycium stenopleurum F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamerika 1: 265 (1979)
Distribution: Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Santa Cruz, Tarija); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay)
83 BOL 85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium anisitsii subsp. volkeri Amerh.; Gymnocalycium 17: 559 (2004)
= Gymnocalycium friedrichii (Werderm.) Pazout; Friciana, Rada IV 23: 3-19 (1964)
= Gymnocalycium friedrichii (Werderm.) Pazout ex Schütz; Friciana 8(51): 17 (1979), nom. inval.
= Gymnocalycium friedrichii subsp. stenopleurum (F.Ritter) Schädlich; Schütziana 7(3): 25 (2016)
= Gymnocalycium friedrichii var. angustostriatum Pazout ex Milt; Cactaceae etc. 26(2): 61 (2016)
= Gymnocalycium friedrichii var. moseranum Pazout ex Moser; W Swiecie Kakt., 1970: 25 (1971)
= Gymnocalycium mihanovichii var. angustostriatum Pazout; Friciana 1(7): 3 (1962)
= Gymnocalycium mihanovichii var. friedrichii Werderm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Sonderbeih. C 29: t. 113 (1936)
= Gymnocalycium mihanovichii var. piraretaense Pazout; Kaktusár. Listy 16: 195 (1951)
species :
Gymnocalycium striglianum Jeggle; Kakteen And. Sukk. 24(12): 267 (1973)
Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza, San Luis)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium striglianum Jeggle ex H.Till; Kakteen And. Sukk. 38(8): 191 (1987)
species :
Gymnocalycium taningaense Piltz; Kakteen And. Sukk. 41(2): 26 (1990)
Distribution: Argentina (Cordoba)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium lukasikii Halda & Kupcák; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 7(2): 72 (2000)
= Gymnocalycium lukasikii subsp. emilii Halda & Milt; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 13(1): 8 (2006)
= Gymnocalycium taningaense subsp. fuschilloi Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 20(1): 705 (2007)
= Gymnocalycium taningaense var. lukasikii (Halda & Kupcák) Neuhuber; Gymnocalycium 20(1): 704 (2007)
species :
Gymnocalycium uebelmannianum Rausch; Succulenta (Netherlands) 51(4): 62 (1972)
Distribution: Argentina (La Rioja)
85 ARG
species :
Gymnocalycium uruguayense (Arechav.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 3: 162 (1922)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Uruguay (Artigas, Canelones, Cerro Largo, Colonia, Durazno, Flores Prov., Florida Prov., Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rio Negro, Rivera, Rocha, Salto, San Jose, Soriano, Tacuarembo, Treinta y Tres); Argentina (Entre Rios)
84 BRA 85 ARG URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocactus guerkeanus F.Haage; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 21: 132 (1911)
= Echinocactus melanocarpum Arechav.; Anales Mus. Nac. Montevideo 5: 220 (1905)
= Echinocactus netrelianus Monv. ex Labour.; Monogr. Cact. 248 (1853)
= Echinocactus platensis var. guerkeanus (Heese) Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, Ser. 3, 4: 504 (1905)
= Echinocactus uruguayensis Arechav.; Anales Mus. Nac. Montevideo 5: 218 (1905)
= Echinocactus uruguayensis f. depressus Osten; Anales Mus. Hist. Nat. Montevideo, Ser. 2, 5(1): 59 (1941)
= Gymnocalycium artigas Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 10: 1 (1951)
= Gymnocalycium artigas var. roseiflorum (Y.Itô) Milt; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 25(3): 116 (2015)
= Gymnocalycium guerkeanum (Heese) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 3: 154 (1922)
= Gymnocalycium hyptiacanthum subsp. netrelianum (Monv. ex Labour.) Mereg.; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 24: 22 (2008)
= Gymnocalycium hyptiacanthum subsp. uruguayense (Arechav.) Mereg.; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 24: 24 (2008)
= Gymnocalycium leeanum var. netrelianum (Monv. ex Labour.) Backeb.; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 290 (1936)
= Gymnocalycium leeanum var. roseiflorum Y.Itô; Explan. Diagr. Austroechinocactinae 293 (1957)
= Gymnocalycium melanocarpum (Arech.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 3: 161 (1922)
= Gymnocalycium netrelianum (Monv. ex Labour.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 3: 154 (1922)
= Gymnocalycium rauschii H.Till & W.Till; Succulenta (Netherlands) 69(2): 27 (1990)
= Gymnocalycium uruguayense var. roseiflorum Y.Itô; Explan. Diagr. Austroechinocactinae 293 (1957)
species :
Gymnocalycium victorii Neuhuber; Kaktus-Klub, n. s. 5(3): 5 (2021)
Distribution: Argentina (San Luis)
85 ARG
Remarks: provisionally accepted name, status not confirmed
species :
Gymnocalycium volskyi V.Gapon, Ponomareva, Protopopov, Schelkun. & Zaitseva; Kaktus-Klub, n. s. 4(2): 22, photogrs. 9-15 (2020)
subspecies :
subsp. volskyi
Distribution: Uruguay
85 URU
subspecies :
subsp. angulatum (Prestlé) V.Gapon, Chikin, Ponomareva, Protopopov & Schelkun.; Kaktus-Klub, n. s. 4(2): 28, photogrs. 30-36 (2020)
Distribution: Uruguay
85 URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnocalycium denudatum subsp. angulatum Prestlé; Gymnocalycium 17(2): 573 (2004)
species :
Gymnocalycium ×applanatum Repka & Frélich; Folia Geobot. 56(4): 263 (2022)
Distribution: Argentina (Córdoba)
85 ARG
species :
Gymnocalycium ×momo V.Gapon & Schelkun.; Kaktus-Klub 2018(1): 71 (2018)
Distribution: Argentina (Córdoba)
85 ARG
Remarks: G. monvillei x G. mostii
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

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