491.0000
Family
Gentianaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 141 (1789), nom. cons.
95 genera, ca. 1850 spp.
Species listed in database: 1858; hybrids: 23
= Chironiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 1(104-114): 1, 36 (1823)
= Coutoubeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 168 (1820)
= Obolariaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 427 (1820)
= Potaliaceae Mart.; Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. 2: 89, 91, 133 (1827)
= Saccifoliaceae Maguire & Pires; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 29: 242 (1978)
491.0511
Genus
Gentiana Tourn. ex L.; Sp. Pl. 1: 227 (1753)
Distribution: Mostly Himalaya (about 250 spp.), Indochina, temp. Asia, Europe, Africa (Morocco), few E-Australia, Central and South America. The taxonomic status (level) of many species, especially in the Himalayas in ser. Chondrophyllae, is highly disputed. We follow mostly the system of Halda (1995) using many infraspecific taxa.
Species listed in database: 345; hybrids: 11
= Aloitis Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 21 (1837)
= Asterias Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 25 (1796)
= Bilamista Raf.; New Fl. Am. 4: 92 (1836)
= Calathiana Delarbre; Fl. Auv. ed. II. 1: 28 (1800)
= Chaelothilus Neck.; Elem. Bot. 2: 14 (1790), opus utique oppr.
= Chiophila Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 23 (1837)
= Chondrophylla A.Nelson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 31: 245 (1904)
= Ciminalis Adans.; Fam. 2: 504 (1763)
= Coilantha Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 25 (1796)
= Cruciata Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 36 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Cuttera Raf.; Med. Repos. N. York 5: 352 (1808)
= Dasistepha Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 19 (1837)
= Dasystephana Adans.; Fam. 2: 502 (1763)
= Dicardiotis Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 31 (1837)
= Diploma Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 19 (1837)
= Endotriche Steud.; Nom. ed. I. 298 (1821)
= Ericala Reneaulme ex Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 335 (1821 publ. 1822), orth. var.
= Ericoila Reneaulme ex Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 23 (1796), nom. superfl.
= Erithalia Bunge ex Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 1: 671 (1840)
= Favargera Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 256 (1972)
= Gaertneria Neck.; Elem. Bot. 2: 15 (1790), opus utique oppr.
= Gentianodes Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125: 256 (1972)
= Gentianusa Pohl; Tentamen Fl. Bohemiae 1: 167, 248 (1810)
= Hippion F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boem. 2: 18 (1796), et in Roem. Arch. 1: I. 9. t. 2 ad 5 (1796)
= Holubia Á.Löve & D.Löve; An. Inst. Bot. A. J. Cavanilles 32(2): 226 (1975), non Holubia Oliv.
= Holubogentia Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 131(3): 385 (1978)(nom. nov.)
= Kudoa Masam.; J. Soc. Trop. Agric., Taiwan 2: 29 (1930)
= Kuepferella M.Laínz; Bol. Inst. Estud. Astur., Supl. Cienc., 22(Aport. Conoc. Fl. Cantabro -Astur,xi.): 32 (1976)
= Kurramiana Omer & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 24: 101 (1992)
= Lexipyretum Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 449 (1867)
= Pneumonanthe Gleditsch; Mem. Acad. Berl. 5: 130 (1749 publ. 1751)
= Psalina Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 25 (1837)
= Qaisera Omer; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 111(2): 206 (1989)
= Rassia Neck.; Elem. Bot. 2: 12 (1790), opus utique oppr.
= Ricoila Reneaulme ex Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 23 (1837)
= Sebeokia Neck.; Elem. Bot. 2: 13 (1790), opus utique oppr.
= Selatium D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 196 (1837)
= Spiragyne Neck.; Elem. Bot. 2: 14 (1790), opus utique oppr.
= Thylacitis Renealm. ex Adans.; Fam. 2: 504, 539 (1763)
= Thyrophora Neck.; Elem. Bot. 2: 13 (1790), opus utique oppr.
= Tretorhiza Adans.; Fam. 2: 503 (1763)
= Varasia Phil.; Fl. Atac. 35. t. 5 (1860)
= Xolemia Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)
Search for: Gentiana kwangsiensis
Nothing found!
species :
Gentiana acaulis
L.; Sp. Pl. 228 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. acaulis
Name: Koch-Enzian, Kiesel-Glocken-Enzian (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Niedersachsen [I]); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Spain (mountains); Andorra; France; N-Italy; Slovenia; Romania; Bulgaria; NW-Ukraine
11 AUT CZE GER LIE POL SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 BUL ITA ROM SLV 14 UKR
Remarks: Sect. Ciminalis
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis acaulis (L.) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 26 (1796)
= Ciminalis grandiflora Mayrh.; F. von P. von Schrank, Fl. Monac. 1: t. 37 (1811)
= Ciminalis longiflora Moench; Meth. 514 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Ericoila acaulis (L.) Á.Löve & D.Löve
= Gentiana acaulis f. alba Redzic; Glasn. Zem. Muz. Bosne Herceg. Prir. Nauke 27: 87 (1988)
= Gentiana acaulis subsp. excisa (Schleich.) Ces.; Car. Catt., 306 (1844)
= Gentiana acaulis subsp. kochiana (E.P.Perrier & Songeon) Vollm.; 597 (1914)
= Gentiana acaulis var. caulescens (Lam.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 252 (1809)
= Gentiana acaulis var. kochiana (E.P.Perrier & Songeon) Bolzon; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1904: 31 (1904)
= Gentiana acaulis var. latifolia Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France Corse 2: 492 (1850)
= Gentiana acaulis var. minor (Nègre) Kerguélen; Lejeunia, n. s., 120: 104 (1987)
= Gentiana acaulis var. vulgaris Neilr.; Fl. Wien, Nachtr.: 190 (1851)
= Gentiana angustifolia Rchb.; (1855) non Vill.
= Gentiana campanata (Clairv.); Man. Herb. 74 (1811), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana excisa C.Presl; Flora 11: 268 (1828)
= Gentiana excisa var. minor W.D.J.Koch; 488 (1837)
= Gentiana excisa var. straminea Schur; 88 (1852), nom. inval.
= Gentiana grandiflora f. elongata Lebert; 19 (1834)
= Gentiana grandiflora f. media Lebert; 19 (1834)
= Gentiana grandiflora Lam.; Fl. Franç. 2: 296 (1779), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana grandiflora Lebert; 19 (1834), nom. illeg., pro parte
= Gentiana kochiana E.P.Perrier & Songeon; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Savoie 1853: 180 (1854)
= Gentiana kochiana var. minor (W.D.J.Koch) Nègre; Candollea 30(2): 307 (1975)
= Gentiana latifolia (Gren. & Godr.) Jakow.; Sitzungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl., Abt. 1, 108: 309 (1899)
= Gentiana vulgaris (Neilr.) Beck; Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 2: 129 (1887)
= Gentianusa acaulis (L.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 252 (1809)
= Hippion alpinum F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 10 (1796)
= Lexipyretum acaule (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 451 (1867)
= Pneumonanthe acaulis (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)
= Pneumonanthe grandiflora Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 335 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Thylacitis grandiflora (Lam.) Delarbre; Fl. Auv. ed. II. 26 (1800)
subspecies :
subsp. dinarica
(Beck) Barina; Phytotaxa 378(1): 323 (2018)
Distribution: C-Italy; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; N-Albania
13 ALB BIH CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA SRB
Remarks: Sect. Ciminalis
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis dinarica (Beck) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 171 (1973)
= Gentiana acaulis var. dinarica Beck; Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 2(Heft 2): 128, t. 4, fig. 10 (1887)
= Gentiana dinarica (Beck) Beck; Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien 2: 128 t. 4 fig. 10 (1887), et Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 38: 790 (1888)
species :
Gentiana affinis
Griseb.; Gen. et Sp. Gent. 289 (1837)
Name: Pleated gentian
Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Northern Territories, Saskatchewan); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)
70 CDN 71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana affinis (Griseb.) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 149 (1906)
= Dasystephana bigelovii (Greene) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 149 (1906)
= Dasystephana forwoodii (A.Gray) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 149 (1906)
= Dasystephana interrupta (Greene) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 149 (1906)
= Dasystephana oregana (Engelm. ex A.Gray) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 464 (1913)
= Dasystephana oxyloba Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 153 (1911)
= Dasystephana rusbyi (Greene ex Kusn.) Wooton & Standl.; Contrib. US. Nat. Herb. 16: 159 (1913)
= Gentiana affinis subsp. rusbyi (Greene ex Kusn.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 18 (1995)
= Gentiana affinis var. bigelowii (A.Gray) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24(Bot.) 56 (1894)
= Gentiana affinis var. brachycalyx A.Gray; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14: 74 (1863)
= Gentiana affinis var. forwoodii (A.Gray) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24(Bot.) 56 (1894)
= Gentiana affinis var. major A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.; Bot. Gaz. 55: 376 (1913)
= Gentiana affinis var. ovata A.Gray; Bot. California [W. H. Brewer] 1: 483 (1876)
= Gentiana affinis var. parvidentata Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24(Bot.): 55 (1894)
= Gentiana bigelovii A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 86 (1883)
= Gentiana forwoodii A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 86 (1883)
= Gentiana interrupta Greene; Pittonia 4: 182 (1900)
= Gentiana oregana Engelm. ex A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Am. 2: I. 122 (1878)
= Gentiana rusbyi Greene ex Kusn.; Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 54 (1894)
= Pneumonanthe affinis (Griseb.) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)
= Pneumonanthe bigelovii (A.Gray) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)
= Pneumonanthe forwoodii (A.Gray) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)
= Pneumonanthe interrupta (Greene) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)
= Pneumonanthe oregana (Engelm. ex A.Gray) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)
= Pneumonanthe rusbyi (Greene ex Kusn.) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)
species :
Gentiana alba
Muhl. ex J.McNab; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 19: 61 (1835)
Name: Plain gentian
Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, Ontario); USA (Arkansas, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana flavida (A.Gray) Britton; Britton & Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S., ed. 2, 3: 12 (1913)
= Gentiana alba f. andrewsii Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 11: 265 (1929)
= Gentiana alba Muhl.; Cat. ed. II. 29 (1813), nomen
= Gentiana flavida A.Gray; Am. J. Sci., ser. II. 1: 80 (1846)
= Pneumonanthe flavida (A.Gray) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)
species :
Gentiana albescens
(Franch.) Franch. ex Kusn.; Etud. Monog. Eugentiana: 266 (1894)
Distribution: China (N-Yunnan); India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand)
36 CHI 40 IND
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae. The name is valid fide Qi Chen et al. 2024
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana albomarginata C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 175 (1937), nom. nov. superfl.
= Gentiana albomarginata subsp. scytophylla (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 35 (1995)
= Gentiana argentea subsp. albescens (Franch.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 35 (1995)
= Gentiana argentea var. albescens Franch.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 124 (1890)
= Gentiana scytophylla T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 39 (1984)
species :
Gentiana albicalyx
Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 314 (1906)
subspecies :
subsp. albicalyx
Distribution: S-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Chumbi)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis capitata var. strobiliformis (C.B.Clarke) Omer; Edinburgh J. Bot. 50(1): 73 (1993)
= Gentiana capitata var. strobiliformis C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 113 (1883)
subspecies :
subsp. globosa
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 35 (1995)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana globosa T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 40 (1984)
species :
Gentiana algida
Pall.; Fl. Ross. 1(2): 107. t. 95 (1789)
Name: Whitish gentian (EN)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Xinjiang); Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; Japan (Honshu); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim); Alaska; Canada (Yukon); USA (Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming)
30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 JAP NKO 40 BHU IND NEP 70 ASK CDN 73 USA 76 USA 77 USA
Remarks: Sect. Frigidae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis algida (Pall.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Rostl. 1: Gentian. 10 (1823)
= Dasystephana algida (Pall.) Borkh.; Roem. Archiv 1: t. 26 (1796)
= Dasystephana romanzovii (Ledeb. ex Bunge) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 148 (1906)
= Gentiana algida f. igarashii (Miyabe & Kudô ex Nishida) Toyok.; J. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ., ser. 5, Bot. 7: 228 (1963)
= Gentiana algida var. igarashii Miyabe & Kudô ex Nishida; Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 7: 164 (1920)
= Gentiana algida var. romanzovii (Bunge) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24(Bot.) 119 (1894)
= Gentiana algida var. sibirica Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24: 114 (1894)
= Gentiana crandallii Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 60 (1918)
= Gentiana frigida var. algida (Pall.) Froel.; Gen. Diss. 39 (1796)
= Gentiana frigida var. romanzovii (Bunge) Ledeb.; (1847)
= Gentiana igarashii (Miyabe & Kudô ex Nishida) Miyabe & Kudô; Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 8: 5 (1921)
= Gentiana romanzovii f. hexaloba A.Roach; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 50: 510 (1953)
= Gentiana romanzovii Ledeb. ex Bunge; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 1: 215 (1829)
= Gentianodes algida (Pall.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 256 (1972)
= Pneumonanthe algida (Pall.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)
variant :
var. purdomii
(Marquand) T.N.Ho; A Worldwide Monograph of Gentiana: 223 (2001)
Distribution: China (SW-Gansu, Qinghai, NW-Sichuan); NE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana purdomii C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 55 (1928)
species :
Gentiana alii
(Omer & Qaiser) T.N.Ho; A Worldwide Monograph of Gentiana: 393 (2001)
Distribution: Pakistan; India (Jammu & Kashmir)
40 IND PAK
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana argentea subsp. alii (Omer & Qaiser) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 36 (1995)
= Gentianodes alii Omer & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 6 (1988)
species :
Gentiana alpina
Vill.; Prosp. Pl. Dauph. 22 (1779)
Name: Alpen-Enzian
Distribution: Switzerland; Spain (Pyrenees, Sa. Nevada); Andorra; France (Pyrenees, Alps); Italy (Alps)
11 SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ITA
Remarks: Sect. Ciminalis
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis alpina (Vill.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 171 (1973)
= Ericoila alpina (Vill.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)
= Gentiana acaulis subsp. alpina (Vill.) H.Marcailhou & A.Marcailhou; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 18: 31 (1908)
= Gentiana acaulis subsp. alpina (Vill.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. 14: 90 (1983)
= Gentiana acaulis var. alpina (Vill.) Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 296 (1839)
= Gentiana acaulis var. parviflora Gren. & Godr.; (1850)
= Gentiana acaulis var. transiens (Nègre) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 90 (1983)
= Gentiana alpina var. transiens Nègre; Candollea 30(2): 303 (1975)
= Gentiana clusii subsp. alpina (Vill.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 269 (1908), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana excisa Braune; (1831) (non C. Presl 1828)
= Gentiana excisa subsp. alpina (Vill.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 498 (1881), nom. illeg.
species :
Gentiana alsinoides
Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 31: 374 (1884)
subspecies :
subsp. alsinoides
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Varasia alsinoides (Franch.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
subspecies :
subsp. scabrifilamenta
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 37 (1995)
Distribution: SE-Tibet
36 TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana scabrifilamenta T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 42 (1984)
species :
Gentiana altigena
Harry Sm.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. 63: 99 (1926)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Sikkim)
36 CHI TIB 40 IND
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
species :
Gentiana altorum
Harry Sm. ex C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 129 (1937)
subspecies :
subsp. altorum
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, S-Qinghai); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana veitchiorum var. altorum (Harry Sm.) Marquand; (1937)
subspecies :
subsp. purpurea
Halda & Jurásek; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 19(3-4): 69 (2012)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Gentiana amplicrater
Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 312 (1906)
Distribution: SE-Tibet; N-India (Sikkim)
36 TIB 40 IND
Remarks: Sect. Isomeria
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentianodes amplicrater (Burkill) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 256 (1972)
species :
Gentiana andrewsii
Griseb.; Gen. et Sp. Gent. 287 (1837)
Name: Closed bottle gentian
Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, Ontario, Québec); USA (Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Cuttera catesbei Raf.; Amer. Monthly Mag. & Crit. Rev. 1: 176 (1818)
= Dasystephana andrewsii (Griseb.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 930 (1903)
= Dasystephana andrewsii f. albiflora (Britton) Moldenke; Observed Fl. Warren, Suppl. 1 1: 15 (1944)
= Gentiana alba var. pauciflora Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 11: 265 (1929)
= Gentiana andrewsii f. albiflora Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 17: 125 (1890)
= Gentiana andrewsii f. rhodantha Rouleau & Kucyn.; Naturaliste Canad. 71: 270 (1944)
= Gentiana andrewsii var. albiflora A.Gray ex House; Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist. 243-244: 18 (1923)
= Gentiana andrewsii var. linearis Griseb.; Fl. Bor. Amer. (Hook.) 2: 56 (1837)
= Gentiana catesbaei Andrews; Bot. Repos. 6: t. 418 (1805), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana clausa f. albiflora (Britton) House; Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist. 243-244: 18 (1923)
= Pneumonanthe andrewsii (Griseb.) W.A.Weber; Phytologia 33(2): 105 (1976)
variant :
var. dakotica
A.Nelson; Bot. Gaz. 56: 68 (1913)
Name: Dakota gentian
Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, Saskatchewan); USA (Iowa, Illinois, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, South Dakota)
71 CDN 74 USA 75 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana andrewsii var. dakotica (A.Nelson) Nieuwl. & Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 508 (1916)
species :
Gentiana angustifolia
Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauph. 2: 526 (1787)
subspecies :
subsp. angustifolia
Name: Schmalblättriger Enzian
Distribution: Switzerland; N-Spain (SW-Alps, Jura, Pyrenees, Cordillera Cantabrica); SE-France; SW-France; NW-Italy
11 SWI 12 FRA SPA 13 ITA
Remarks: Sect. Ciminalis
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis angustifolia (Vill.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 171 (1973)
= Ericoila angustifolia (Vill.) Laínz; Bol. Inst. Estud. Astur., Supl. Cienc., No. 10 (Aport. Conoc. Fl. Cantabro-Astur 8: 33) 203 (1964)
= Eyrythalia angustifolia D.Don; Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. III. 471 (1839)
= Gentiana acaulis subsp. angustifolia (Vill.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 498 (1881)
= Gentiana acaulis subsp. angustifolia (Vill.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. 14: 90 (1983)
= Gentiana acaulis var. angustifolia (Vill.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 279 (1828), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana acaulis var. angustifolia (Vill.) Roth; Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 799 (1827)
= Gentiana acaulis var. caulescens (Lam.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 279 (1828)
= Gentiana acaulis var. media Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France Corse 2: 492 (1850)
= Gentiana caulescens Lam.; Encycl. 2: 638 (1788)
= Gentiana excisa subsp. angustifolia (Vill.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 259 (1908), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana sabauda Boiss. & Reut. ex Rchb.; Ic. Fl. Germ. 17: 101. t. 1200 (1855)
= Pneumonanthe angustifolia (Vill.) F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 10 (1796)
= Thylacitis angustifolia (Vill.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 17: 119 (1869)
subspecies :
subsp. corbariensis
(Braun-Blanq.) Renob.; Acta Bot. Malac. 29: 295 (2004)
Distribution: N-Spain (Pyrenees, Cordillera Cantabrica); France
12 FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis angustifolia subsp. occidentalis (Jakow.) M.Laínz; Bol. Inst. Estud. Astur., Supl. Cienc., 22 (Aport. Conoc. Fl. Cantabro -Astur,xi.): 30(1976)
= Ciminalis occidentalis (Jakow.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 171 (1973)
= Gentiana angustifolia subsp. occidentalis (Jakow.) M.Laínz; Bol. Inst. Estud. Asturianos, Supl. Ci. 3: 175 (1962)
= Gentiana clusii subsp. corbariensis Braun-Blanq.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 84(9-10): 671 (1938)
= Gentiana occidentalis Jakow.; Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien 108(1): 342 (1899)
= Gentiana occidentalis subsp. corbariensis (Braun-Blanq.) J.Magnin; Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat., et in Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat. 82(1): 31 (1992) 82(2): 187 (1992)
= Gentiana occidentalis var. aragonensis Nègre; Candollea 30(2): 306 (1975)
species :
Gentiana anisostemon
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 88 (1931)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana aperta
Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Petersb. 27: 500 (1881)
Distribution: China (NE-Qinghai, NW-Gansu); NW-India (Ladakh)
36 CHI 40 IND
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana aperta var. aureopunctata T.N.Ho & J.H.Li; Acta Biol. Plateau Sin. 3: 34 (1984)
= Gentiana maximowiczii Kanitz; Növényt. Gyujtesek Eredm. Grof Szechenyi Bela Keletazsiai Utjabol: 39 (1891)
= Varasia aperta (Maxim.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana apiata
N.E.Br.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1914: 187 (1914)
Distribution: China (S-Shaanxi)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Frigidae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana tsinlingensis H.Limpr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 12: 465 (1922)
species :
Gentiana aquatica
L.; Sp. Pl. 229 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. aquatica
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (NE-Anatolia); Iran (W-Iran); Afghanistan (Wakhan, Bamyan, Ghazni, Ghorat, Wardak, Parwan); W-Tibet; Mongolia; Japan; Pakistan (Kurram, Baltistan, Gilgit); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Leh, Ladakh)
30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN TUR 36 TIB 37 MON 38 JAP 40 IND PAK
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Chondrophylla aquatica (L.) W.A.Weber; Phytologia 58(6): 383 (1985)
= Ciminalis aquatica (L.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 70(7): 921 (1985)
= Ericala aquatica (L.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 192 (1837)
= Ericoila aquatica (L.) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 27 (1796)
= Ericoila humilis (Steven) Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Gentian.): 16 (1824)
= Gentiana humilis Steven; Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 3: 258 (1812)
= Gentiana humilis var. albescens Cockerell; W. Amer. Sci. 6: 11 (1889)
= Gentiana humilis var. caerulea Cockerell; W. Amer. Sci. 6: 11 (1889)
= Gentiana kirishima-montana Honda; J. Jap. Bot. 24: 27 (1949)
= Gentiana prostrata Boiss.; Fl. Or. 4: 72 (1875)
= Gentiana pseudohumilis Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 18: 16 (1904)
= Hippion aquaticum (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)
= Varasia aquatica (L.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz.(Prague), 148(34): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
variant :
var. baltistanica
(Omer) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov. Sect. Not. 3(1): 39 (1995)
Distribution: NE-Pakistan (Baltistan)
40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis baltistanica Omer; Edinburgh J. Bot. 50(1): 71 (1993)
variant :
var. bomiensis
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 40 (1995)
Distribution: SE-Tibet
36 TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana bomiensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 43 (1984)
variant :
var. karelinii
C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 110 (1883)
Distribution: Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, Leh, Ladakh)
40 BHU IND
variant :
var. pseudoaquatica
(Kusn.) S.Agrawal; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 5(2): 437 (1984)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Chita, W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Magadan); China (Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi); Tibet; Mongolia; South Korea; N-Pakistan (Baltistan, Kurram, Chitral, Hunza, Swat); Nepal; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Ladakh, Leh)
30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 KOR 40 IND NEP PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis pseudoaquatica (Kusn.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 70(7): 921 (1985)
= Gentiana burkillii Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. 11: 953 (1936)
= Gentiana intermedia Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 313 (1906)
= Gentiana pseudoaquatica Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 63 (1893), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 246 (1894)
= Gentiana pseudoaquatica var. albiflora Q.Zhu; Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 31(10): 2129 (2011)
= Gentiana pseudohumilis Burkill; J. Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 2: 313 (1906), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana szeewaldiana Prodan; Bul. Grad. Bot. Univ. Cluj 6: 113 (1926 publ. 1927)
= Gentianodes burkillii (Harry Sm.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 9 (1988)
= Varasia pseudoaquatica (Kusn.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
subspecies :
subsp. laeviuscula
(Ohwi) Ohwi; Fl. Jap. rev. ed. 1438 (1975)
Distribution: Japan (Honshu)
38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana aquatica var. laeviuscula (Ohwi) Ohwi; Fl. Jap., rev. ed.: 1438 (1975)
= Gentiana laeviuscula (Ohwi) Toyok.; J. Jap. Bot. 36: 241 (1961)
= Gentiana pseudohumilis var. laeviuscula Ohwi; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33: 83 (1953)
species :
Gentiana arenicola
Kerr; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1940: 181 (1940)
Distribution: NE-Thailand
41 THA
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana arethusae
Burkill; J. Proc. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 309 (1906)
Distribution: China (E-Sichuan, S-Shaanxi)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
variant :
var. delicatula
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 81 (1931)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana arethusae subsp. delicatula (C.Marquand) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 26 (1995)
= Gentiana arethusae var. rotundatolobata C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 82 (1931)
= Gentiana heptaphylla Balf.f. & Forrest; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 4: 72 (1907)
= Gentiana heptaphylla var. mixta Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 975 (1936)
= Gentiana heptaphylla var. pentaphylla Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 974 (1936)
= Gentiana subocculta C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 81 (1931)
= Gentianodes subocculta (C.Marquand) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125: 257 (1972)
species :
Gentiana argentea
(Royle ex D.Don) Royle ex D.Don; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 513 (1837)
Distribution: NW-Tibet; Pakistan (Chitral, Swat, Hazara, Murree, Nanga Parbat); Nepal; NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Poonch)
36 TIB 40 IND NEP PAK
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ericoila argentea Royle ex D.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 192 (1837)
= Gentianodes argentea (Royle ex D.Don) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 6 (1988)
= Varasia argentea (Royle ex D.Don) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana arisanensis
Hayata; Ic. Pl. Formos. 6: Suppl. (Gen. Ind. Fl. Formos.) 48 (1917)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana caespitosa Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 25: Art. 19, 165 (1908) nec M. Martens & Galeotti (1844)
species :
Gentiana aristata
Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Petersb. 26: 497 (1880)
subspecies :
subsp. aristata
Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan); Tibet; Nepal
36 CHI TIB 40 NEP
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Varasia aristata (Maxim.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
subspecies :
subsp. asparagoides
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 43 (1995)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana asparagoides T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 26 (1984)
species :
Gentiana arunii
D.Maity, S.K.Dey, J.Ghosh & Midday; Edinburgh J. Bot. 75(1): 118 (2017)
Distribution: India (Sikkim)
40 IND
species :
Gentiana asclepiadea
L.; Sp. Pl. 227 (1753)
Name: Schwalbenwurz-Enzian (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Niedersachsen [I], Nordrhein-Westfalen [I], Sachsen [I], Thüringen [I]); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Corsica; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; ?Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (mountains of N-Greece, south to Mt. Pelion, Mt. Timfristos); NW-European Russia; Ukraine; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran)
11 AUT CZE GER HUN LIE POL SLO SWI 12 COR FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS NMA ROM SLV SRB TUE 14 RUS UKR 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Coilantha asclepiadea (L.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 186 (1837)
= Dasistepha asclepiadea (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 19 (1837)
= Dasystephana asclepiadea (L.) Borkh.; Roem. Archiv 1: t. 26 (1796)
= Dasystephana schistocalyx (K.Koch) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Gentiana asclepiadea f. albiflora Murray ex Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 5: (1999 publ. 1927)
= Gentiana asclepiadea f. albiflora R.Uechtr.; 183 (1878), nom. inval.
= Gentiana asclepiadea f. angustifolia Lebert; 36 (1834)
= Gentiana asclepiadea f. cruciata Wartm. & Schlatter; Ber. St. Gall. Nat. Ges.: 266 (1882)
= Gentiana asclepiadea f. pectinata Wartm. & Schlatter; Ber. St. Gall. Nat. Ges.: 266 (1882)
= Gentiana asclepiadea f. schistocalyx (K.Koch) Bolzon; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 21: 195 (1914)
= Gentiana asclepiadea subsp. elata Schübl. & G.Martens; 139 (1834)
= Gentiana asclepiadea subsp. schistocalyx (K.Koch) Zakharova; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 95(1): 97 (1990)
= Gentiana asclepiadea var. albiflora Brügger; Naturgesch. Beitr. Umg. Chur [Fl. Curiensis] 73 (1874), nom. inval.
= Gentiana asclepiadea var. cruciata (Wartm. & Schlatter) Vollm.; 597 (1914)
= Gentiana asclepiadea var. macrocalyx Sommier & H.Lév.; (1900)
= Gentiana asclepiadea var. pectinata (Wartm. & Schlatter) Vollm.; 597 (1914)
= Gentiana asclepiadea var. plicata (F.W.Schmidt) Roth; Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 797 (1827)
= Gentiana asclepiadea var. schistocalyx (K.Koch) Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza 3: 229 (1932)
= Gentiana ramiflora E.Szabó; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 44: 474 (1894)
= Gentiana schistocalyx (K.Koch) K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 585 (1850)
= Gentianusa asclepiadea (L.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 250 (1809)
= Pneumonanthe asclepiadea (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)
= Pneumonanthe plicata F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10, 13 (1796)
species :
Gentiana asterocalyx
Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 220 (1912)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana atlantica
Litard. & Maire; Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc, No. 6: 15 (1924)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana atuntsiensis
W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8: 121 (1913)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan, SW-Sichuan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Frigidae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana trichotoma var. brevicaulis C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 82 (1931)
species :
Gentiana austromontana
J.S.Pringle & Sharp; Rhodora 66: 402 (1964)
Name: Appalachian gentian
Distribution: USA (North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia)
75 USA 78 USA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
species :
Gentiana autumnalis
L.; Cat. Edwards´ Nat. Hist. 11 (1776)
Name: Pine barren gentian
Distribution: USA (Delaware, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, New Jersey, South Carolina, Virginia); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Zacatecas)
75 USA 78 USA 79 MEX
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana porphyrio (J.F.Gmel.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 931 (1903)
= Diploma angustifolia (Michx.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 19 (1837)
= Ericala angustifolia (Michx.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 190 (1837)
= Gentiana angustifolia Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. (Michx.) 1: 177 (1803) (non Vill. 1787)
= Gentiana angustifolia var. nana J.McNab; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 19: 62 (1835)
= Gentiana autumnalis f. albescens Fernald; Rhodora 52: 70 (1950)
= Gentiana autumnalis f. albocaerulea Fernald; Rhodora 52: 69 (1950)
= Gentiana autumnalis f. porphyrio (J.F.Gmel.) Fernald; Rhodora 52: 70 (1950)
= Gentiana porphyrio f. albescens Fernald; Rhodora 44: 152 (1942)
= Gentiana porphyrio f. albocaerulea Fernald; Rhodora 44: 152 (1942)
= Gentiana porphyrio f. stoneana (Fernald) Fernald; Rhodora 44: 152 (1942)
= Gentiana porphyrio J.F.Gmel.; Syst. 462 (1792)
= Gentiana purpurea Walter; Fl. Carol. 109 (1788) (non L. 1753)
= Gentiana stoneana Fernald; Rhodora 41: 555 (1939)
= Hippion porphyrio (J.F.Gmel.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 11 (1796)
= Pneumonanthe porphyrio (J.F.Gmel.) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)
species :
Gentiana baeuerlenii
L.G.Adams; Telopea 3(2): 169 (1988)
Distribution: Australia (New South Wales: Monaro region)
50 AUS
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana bambuseti
T.Y.Hsieh, T.C.Hsu, S.M.Ku & C.I Peng; Bot. Stud. (Taipei) 48: 349 (2007)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Gentiana bavarica
L.; Sp. Pl. 229 (1753)
Name: Bayerischer Enzian (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; France; Italy; ?Slovenia
11 AUT GER LIE SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA
Remarks: Sect. Calathianae
Synonyms: hidden
= Calathiana bavarica (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 169 (1973)
= Calathiana bavarica subsp. subacaulis (Schleich. ex Gaudin) Holub; Preslia 70(2): 100 (1998)
= Ericala bavarica (L.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 336 (1821)
= Ericoila bavarica (L.) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 27 (1796)
= Ericoila imbricata (Froel.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Rostl. 1: Gentian. 15 (1823)
= Gentiana bavarica f. elongata Lebert; 24 (1834)
= Gentiana bavarica f. media Lebert; 24 (1834)
= Gentiana bavarica f. pygmaea Lebert; 24 (1834)
= Gentiana bavarica f. rotundifolia (Hausm.) Bolzon; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 21: 196 (1914)
= Gentiana bavarica subsp. subacaulis (Wahlenb.) G.K.Müller; Feddes Repert. 93: 658 (1982)
= Gentiana bavarica var. alpestris Braun-Blanq.; 34 (1922)
= Gentiana bavarica var. imbricata (Schleich. ex DC.) Schleich. ex Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 265 (1838)
= Gentiana bavarica var. imbricata Schleich. ex W.D.J.Koch; 489 (1837)
= Gentiana bavarica var. intermedia (E.Steiger) Hegi; 2022 (1927)
= Gentiana bavarica var. rotundifolia (Hoppe) W.D.J.Koch; 355 (1843)
= Gentiana bavarica var. rotundifolia Hausm.; Fl. Tyrol: 591 (1854)
= Gentiana bavarica var. rotundifolia W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv.: 563 (1838)
= Gentiana bavarica var. subacaulis (Wahlenb.) Schleich.; Cat. Pl. Helv. ed. 4: 18 (1821)
= Gentiana imbricata Froel.; Gent. Diss. 74 (1796)
= Gentiana imbricata Schleich. ex DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç., éd. 3 6: 427 (1815)
= Gentiana prostrata var. subacaulis Wahlenb.; Veg. Clim. Helv. Sept.: 48 (1813)
= Gentiana prostrata Wahlenb.; Veg. Clim. Helv. Sept.: 47 (1813), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana rotundifolia Hoppe ex Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 265 (1838), pro syn.
= Gentiana serpillifolia var. aestiva (F.W.Schmidt) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 254 (1809)
= Gentiana serpyllifolia Lam.; Encyc. 640 (1788)
= Gentianusa serpyllifolia (Lam.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 254 (1809)
= Gonipia rotundifolia (Hoppe) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 24 (1837)
= Hippion bavaricum (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boëm. 2: 21 (1793 publ. 1794)
= Ricoila bavarica (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 23 (1837)
= Xolemia rotundifolia (Hoppe ex Griseb.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)
species :
Gentiana beamanii
J.S.Pringle; Sida 8(1): 21 (1979)
Distribution: Guatemala
80 GUA
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana bella
Franch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 124 (1890)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); N-Myanmar
36 CHI 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana bella f. simplex Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz., Symb. Sin. 7: 961 (1936)
species :
Gentiana betongensis
J.Wai; Phytotaxa 633(1): 62 (2024)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Gentiana bicentenaria
A.Estrada & A.Rojas; Phytoneuron 2021-60: 1 (2021)
Distribution: Costa Rica
80 COS
species :
Gentiana bicuspidata
(G.Don) Briq.; Candollea 4: 324 (1931)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz)
79 MEX
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana adsurgens Cerv. ex Griseb.; Hook., Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 57 (1837)
= Gentiana adsurgens var. uniflora Kusn.; Trudy S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Otd. Bot. 24: 61 (1894)
= Gentiana angusta M.E.Jones; Contrib. Western Bot. 12: 52 (1908)
= Pneumonanthe bicuspidata G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 194 (1837)
species :
Gentiana boissieri
Schott & Kotschy ex Boiss.; Fl. 4: 75 (1875)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana boissieri (Schott & Kotschy) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana bokorensis
Hul; Adansonia, sér. 3, 21(2): 246 (1999)
Distribution: Cambodia
41 CBD
species :
Gentiana bolavenensis
Nagah., Tagane & Soulad.; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 47(2): 133 (2019)
Distribution: Laos
41 LAO
species :
Gentiana borneensis
Hook.f.; Ic. Pl. t. 1440 B. (1883)
subspecies :
subsp. borneensis
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
subspecies :
subsp. apoensis
(Merr.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 45 (1995)
Distribution: Philippines (Mt. Apo)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana apoensis Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 1(Suppl.): 223 (1906)
subspecies :
subsp. malayana
(Ridl.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 45 (1995)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Pahang)
42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana malayana Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 38: 316 (1908)
species :
Gentiana boryi
Boiss.; Biblioth. Univ. Genéve ser. 2, 13: 410 (1938)
Distribution: Spain (Cordillera Cantábrica, Sierra de Gredos, Sa. Nevada)
12 SPA
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ericoila boryi (Boiss.) Laínz; Bol. Inst. Estud. Astur., Supl. Cienc., No. 10 (Aport. Conoc. Fl. Cantabro-Astur 8: 33) 203 (1964)
= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. boryi (Boiss.) Webb; Iter Hispan.: 28 (1838)
= Holubia boryi (Boiss.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; An. Inst. Bot. A. J. Cavanilles 32(2): 226 (1975), genus homonym
= Holubogentia boryi (Boiss.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 131(3): 385 (1978)
= Kuepferella boryi (Boiss.) M.Laínz; Bol. Inst. Estud. Astur., Supl. Cienc., 22(Aport. Conoc. Fl. Cantabro -Astur. 11): 32 (1976)
= Varasia boryi (Boiss.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana brachyphylla
Vill.; Prosp. Pl. Dauph. 23 (1779)
Name: Kurzblättriger Enzian (DE)
Distribution: Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; France; Italy
11 AUT LIE SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA
Remarks: Sect. Calathianae
Synonyms: hidden
= Calathiana brachyphylla (Vill.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 169 (1973)
= Gentiana brachyphylla var. acaulis Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 283 (1828)
= Gentiana dimorphoclada Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, sér. 2, 22: 454 (1930 publ. 1931)
= Gentiana verna f. pygmaea Lebert; 23 (1834)
= Gentiana verna proles brachyphylla (Vill.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 265 (1908)
= Gentiana verna subsp. brachyphylla (Vill.) Arcang.; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 473 (1882)
= Gentiana verna subsp. brachyphylla (Vill.) Ces.; A. Cattaneo, Not. Nat. Civ. Lombardia 1: ? (1844)
= Gentiana verna subsp. brachyphylla (Vill.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 858 (1938)
= Gentiana verna var. brachyphylla (Vill.) Bolzon; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 21: 196 (1914)
= Gentiana verna var. brachyphylla (Vill.) Moritzi; 122 (1832)
species :
Gentiana bredboensis
L.G.Adams; Telopea 3(2): 171 (1988)
Distribution: Australia (New South Wales: Jerangle area)
50 AUS
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana baeuerlenii subsp. bredboensis (L.G.Adams) Halda; Genus Gentiana: 160 (1996 publ. 1997)
species :
Gentiana brentae
Prosser & Bertolli; Willdenowia 38(2): 424 (2008)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Gentiana bryoides
Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 316 (1906)
Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, West Bengal, Chumbi)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana stylosa Biswas; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 34: t. 3358 (1938)
species :
Gentiana burseri
Lapeyr.; Hist. Abr. Pyr. 132 (1813)
subspecies :
subsp. burseri
Distribution: NE-Spain (Pyrenees); Andorra; SW-France
12 ADO FRA SPA
Remarks: Sect. Lutea
Synonyms: hidden
= Coilantha burseri (Lapeyr.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Gentian.): 6 (1824)
= Gentiana punctata subsp. burseri (Lapeyr.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France: 214 (1894)
subspecies :
subsp. actinocalyx
Polidori; Biocosme Mesogeen 25(1): 3 (2008)
Distribution: France; Italy
12 FRA 13 ITA
subspecies :
subsp. villarsii
(Griseb.) Rouy; Fl. Fr. 10: 256 (1908)
Distribution: SE-France; NW-Italy (SW-Alps)
12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana biloba DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç., éd. 3 3: 653 (1805)
= Gentiana burseri var. biloba (DC.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 256 (1908)
= Gentiana burseri var. villarsii Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 116 (1845)
= Gentiana hybrida Vill.; Roem., Collecteana: 189 (1810), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana macrophylla Bertol.; Fl. Ital. 3: 79 (1837), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana punctata Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 2: 522 (1787), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana villarsii (Griseb.) Ronniger; Fl. France 10: 256 (1908)
species :
Gentiana cachemirica
Decne.; Jacquem. Voy. Bot. 111, t. 117 (1844)
Distribution: Pakistan (Chitral, Swat, Hazara); Nepal; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Utta~akhand)
40 IND NEP PAK
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana cachemirica (Decne.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Gentiana loderi Hook.f.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 15: t. 1440 A (1883)
= Gentianodes cachemirica (Decne.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 16 (1988)
species :
Gentiana caelestis
(C.Marquand) Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 972 (1936)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; NE-Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana ampla Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 974 (1936)
= Gentiana veitchiorum var. caelestis C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 84 (1931)
species :
Gentiana caeruleogrisea
T.N.Ho; Bull. Bot. Res. North-East. Forest. Inst. 4(1): 77 (1984)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa
species :
Gentiana caliculata
Lex.; La Llave & Lex. Nov. Veg. Desc. fasc. 1: 18 (1824)
Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos)
79 MEX
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Coilantha mocinoi D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 185 (1837)
= Gentiana salpinx Griseb.; Linnaea 22: 44 (1849)
species :
Gentiana calycosa
Griseb.; Gen. et Sp. Gent. 292 (1837)
Name: Rainier pleated gentian
Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)
71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana calycosa (Griseb.) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 464 (1913)
= Dasystephana calycosa var. xantha (A.Nelson) A.Nelson; Fl. Rocky Mts.: 663 (1917)
= Dasystephana monticola (Rydb.) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 464 (1913)
= Dasystephana obtusiloba Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 464 (1913)
= Gentiana calycosa f. alpina Herder; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 1: 460 (1872)
= Gentiana calycosa subsp. asepala Maguire; Madroño 6: 151 (1942)
= Gentiana calycosa var. asepala (Maguire) C.L.Hitchc.; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C. L. Hitchcock & al.] 4: 68 (1959)
= Gentiana calycosa var. monticola Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24: 252 (1897)
= Gentiana calycosa var. obtusiloba (Rydb.) C.L.Hitchc.; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C. L. Hitchcock & al.] 4: 68 (1959)
= Gentiana calycosa var. stricta Griseb.; Fl. Bor. Amer. (Hook.) 2: 58, tab. 146, fig. A (1837)
= Gentiana calycosa var. xantha A.Nelson; Bot. Gaz. 34: 26 (1902)
= Gentiana cusickii Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 60 (1918), in clavi
= Gentiana gormanii Howell; Fl. N. W. Amer. [Howell] 1: 446 (1901)
= Gentiana idahoensis Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 60 (1918), in clavi
= Gentiana myrsinites Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 60 (1918), in clavi
= Gentiana obtusiloba (Rydb.) Hultén; Lunds Univ. Arsskrift, n.f. Avd. 2 44: No. 1 (Fl. Alaska & Yukon, viii.) 1308 (1948)
= Gentiana saxicola English; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 47: 192 (1934) (non Griseb. 1838)
= Pneumonanthe calycosa (Griseb.) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)
species :
Gentiana capitata
Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don; Prod. Fl. Nep. 126 (1825)
subspecies :
subsp. capitata
Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; Pakistan (Chitral, Murree, Skardu, Astor); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Chumbi); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Chin, Kachin, Magway); Java
36 TIB 40 BAN BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA 42 JAW
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis capitata (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) Omer; Edinburgh J. Bot. 50(1): 72 (1993)
= Ciminalis capitata var. andersonii (C.B.Clarke) Omer; Edinburgh J. Bot. 50(1): 73 (1993)
= Ericala capitata (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 193 (1837)
= Gentiana andersonii C.B.Clarke; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 436 (1875)
= Gentiana baconi Edgew.; London J. Bot. 4: 20 (1845)
= Gentiana capitata var. andersonii (C.B.Clarke) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 113 (1883)
= Gentiana cephalodes var. andersonii (C.B.Clarke) S.Agrawal & U.C.Bhattach.; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 3(3): 998 (1982 publ. 1983)
= Gentiana cephalotes Edgew.; Hook. Lond. J. Bot. 4: 637 (1845)
= Gentiana marginata Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 4391 (1831) (nomen)
= Varasia capitata (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
subspecies :
subsp. harwanensis
(G.Singh) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 36 (1995)
Distribution: India (Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Sikkim)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis harwanensis (G.Singh) Omer; Edinburgh J. Bot. 50(1): 67 (1993)
= Gentiana harwanensis G.Singh; Forest Fl. Srinagar: 126 (1976), et ex G. Singh & P. Kachroo, Forest Fl. Srinagar: 126 (1987)
subspecies :
subsp. hemkundiana
M.Shabir & A.N.Shukla; Nelumbo 64(1): 8 (2022)
Distribution: India (Uttaranchal)
40 IND
species :
Gentiana carinata
(D.Don ex G.Don) Griseb.; Gen. et Sp. Gent. 304 (1838)
Distribution: India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand); ?etc.
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Ericoila carinata D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)
= Eyrythalia carinata (D.Don ex G.Don) D.Don; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 516 (1837)
= Qaisera carinata (D.Don ex G.Don) Omer; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 111: 208 (1989)
species :
Gentiana carinicostata
Wernham; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 9: 117 (1916)
subspecies :
subsp. carinicostata
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana papuana P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot. 17: 405 (1964)
subspecies :
subsp. sclerophylla
(P.Royen) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 46 (1995)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana sclerophylla P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot., No. 17, 378 (1964)
species :
Gentiana catesbaei
Walter; Fl. Carol. 109 (1788)
Name: Elliott´s gentian
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Virginia)
75 USA 78 USA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Cuttera catesbaei (Walter) Raf.; Am. Monthly Mag. 176 (1818)
= Dasystephana parvifolia (Chapm.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 930 (1903)
= Gentiana catesbaei var. nummulariifolia Fernald; Rhodora 49: 175, tab. 1078, fig. 3 & 4 (1947)
= Gentiana elliottii Chapm.; Fl. S. U. St. 356 (1860) (non Raf. 1832)
= Gentiana elliottii var. parvifolia Chapm.; Fl. South. U. S. 356 (1860)
= Gentiana parvifolia (Chapm.) Britton; Man. Fl. N. US. Ed. 3, 733 (1907) (non Gilg 1896)
= Pneumonanthe catesbaei (Walter) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)
= Pneumonanthe parvifolia (Chapm.) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)
= Xolemia catesbaei (Walter) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)
= Xolemia trachiloma var. major Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)
species :
Gentiana cephalantha
Franch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 125 (1890)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan); Myanmar (Kachin); Thailand; Vietnam
36 CHI 41 MYA THA VIE
Remarks: Sect. Monopodiae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana pseudocephalantha C.Marquand ex Wilkie; Gentians: 163 (1936)
= Gentiana rigescens var. violacea Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 976 (1936)
= Gentianodes cephalantha (Franch. ex Hemsl.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 256 (1972)
variant :
var. vaniotii
(H.Lév.) T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 370 (1994)
Distribution: China (C-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana cephalantha subsp. vaniotii (H.Lév.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 27 (1995)
= Gentiana vaniotii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 182 (1913)
= Gentianodes vaniotii (H.Lév.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 258 (1972)
species :
Gentiana cephalodes
Edgew.; London J. Bot. 4: 637 (1845)
Distribution: Nepal; India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand)
40 IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana chinensis
Kusn.; Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 35: 250 (1894), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 133 (1894)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Isomeria
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentianodes chinensis (Kusn.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 256 (1972)
species :
Gentiana choanantha
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 85 (1931)
subspecies :
subsp. choanantha
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana crassuloides Franch.; Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris., ser. VIII. 3: 148 (1891) non Bureau & Franch.
subspecies :
subsp. curvianthera
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 43 (1995)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana curvianthera T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 25 (1984)
species :
Gentiana chungtienensis
Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 50 (1928)
subspecies :
subsp. chungtienensis
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
subspecies :
subsp. macraucena
(C.Marquand) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 43 (1995)
Distribution: China (W-Hubei, S-Shaanxi, E-Sichuan); SE-Tibet; India (Sikkim)
36 CHI TIB 40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana incompta Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz., Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 952 (1936)
= Gentiana macrauchena C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 85 (1931)
subspecies :
subsp. subuniflora
(C.Marquand) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 43 (1995)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana subuniflora C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 87 (1931)
species :
Gentiana circa
Beck; Ann. Naturh. Mus. (Wien) 2: 128 (1887)
Distribution: C-ltaly (Abruzzesi); Croatia
13 CRO
Remarks: Sect. Ciminalis, status doubtful
species :
Gentiana clarkei
Kusn.; Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 276 (1894), et Act. Hort. Petrop. 15: 419 (1904)
subspecies :
subsp. clarkei
Distribution: Tajikistan; China (Qinghai); W-Tibet; NE-Pakistan (Gilgit, Baltistan); Nepal; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)
32 TZK 36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP PAK
Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis clarkei (Kusn.) Ikonn.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 83: 41 (1998)
= Gentiana clarkei var. lutescens T.N.Ho & J.Q.Liu; Novon 6: 188 (1996)
= Gentiana hyalina T.N.Ho; Bull. Bot. Res. North-East. Forest. Inst. 4(1): 82 (1984)
= Gentiana pygmaea C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 111 (1883) non Regel & Schmalh. (1812)
= Gentiana subpolytrichoides Grubov; J. Jap. Bot. 69(1): 18 (1994)
= Gentianodes clarkei (Kusn.) Omer; Fl. Pakistan, 197: 43 (1995)
= Varasia clarkei (Kusn.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
subspecies :
subsp. conduplicata
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 40 (1995)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana conduplicata T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plateau Sin. 3: 33 (1984)
species :
Gentiana clausa
Raf.; Med. Fl. 1: 210 (1828)
Name: Bottle gentian
Distribution: Canada (Québec); USA (Connecticut, District of Columbia, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, West Virginia)
72 CDN 75 USA 78 USA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana andrewsii var. intermedia Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24(Bot.): 44 (1894)
= Gentiana clausa f. albiflora House; Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist. 243-244: 18 (1923)
= Pneumonanthe clausa (Raf.) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)
= Xolemia clausa (Raf.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)
species :
Gentiana clusii
E.P.Perrier & Songeon; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Savoie 1853: 185 (1855)
Name: Clusius´ Enzian, Kalk-Glockenenzian (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg [I], Bayern, Thüringen [I]); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; NE-Spain (Pyrenees); France; N-Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Romania; NW-Ukraine
11 AUT GER LIE POL SLO SWI 12 FRA SPA 13 CRO ITA ROM SLV 14 UKR
Remarks: Sect. Ciminalis
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis clusii (E.P.Perrier & Songeon) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 171 (1973)
= Gentiana acaulis subsp. clusii (E.P.Perrier & Songeon) Simonk.; 397 (1887)
= Gentiana acaulis subsp. clusii (E.P.Perrier & Songeon) Kusn.; Subg. Eugent.: 287 (1894)
= Gentiana acaulis subsp. clusii (E.P.Perrier & Songeon) R.C.V.Douin; Bonnier, Fl. Ill. France 7: 116 (1924)
= Gentiana acaulis subsp. undulatifolia Sünd.; (1906)
= Gentiana acaulis var. angustifolia Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 295 (1839), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana acaulis var. firmula Neilr.; Fl. Nied.-Oesterr.: 476 (1858)
= Gentiana clusii f. caulescens (Gaudin) Hegi; 2009 (1927)
= Gentiana clusii subsp. costei Braun-Blanq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 21: 42 (1919)
= Gentiana clusii subsp. pyrenaica Vivant; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, 125(3-4): 223 (1978)
= Gentiana clusii subsp. rochelii (A.Kern.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov. Seet. Nat. 3(1): 21 (1995)
= Gentiana clusii var. rochelii A.Kern.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 23: 56 (1873)
= Gentiana coriacea St.-Lag.; Cariot, Etud. des fl., ed. 8. 586 (1895)
= Gentiana firma A.Kern.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 23: 56 (1873)
= Gentiana rochelii (A.Kern.) Borbás; Math. Term. Közlem. 1902: 14 (1902)
= Gentiana undulatifolia (Sünd.) Landolt; Fl. Indicativa 269 (2010)
= Thylacitis clusii (E.P.Perrier & Songeon) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 17: 119 (1869)
species :
Gentiana confertifolia
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 50 (1928)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Isomeria
species :
Gentiana coronata
Royle; Illustr. Bot. Himal. 278. t. 68, f. 1 (1835)
Distribution: NE-Pakistan; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)
40 IND PAK
Remarks: Sect. Fimbricorona
Synonyms: hidden
= Ericoila coronata (Royle) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 193 (1837)
= Eyrythalia coronata (Royle) D.Don; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 515 (1837)
= Qaisera coronata (Royle) Omer; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 111: 210 (1989)
= Varasia coronata (Royle) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana crassa
Kurz; J. As. Soc. Beng. 42(2): 235 (1873)
subspecies :
subsp. crassa
Distribution: Myanmar (Bago, Chin, Mon, Shan); N-Thailand
41 MYA THA
Remarks: Sect. Monopodiae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentianodes crassa (Kurz) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 256 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. rigescens
(Franch. ex Hemsl.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 27 (1995)
Distribution: China (Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan, Hunan); Myanmar; Vietnam
36 CHI 41 MYA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana rigescens (Franch.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Gentiana esquirolii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 183 (1913)
= Gentiana rigescens Franch.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 134 (1890)
= Gentiana rigescens var. stictantha C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 163 (1937)
= Gentianodes rigescens (Franch. ex Hemsl.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
species :
Gentiana crassicaulis
Duthie ex Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 311 (1906)
Distribution: China (NW-Guizhou, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan, SE-Qinghai); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
species :
Gentiana crassula
Harry Sm.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. 63: 104 (1926)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana calcicola Marquand ex Wilkie; Gentians, 150 (1936), nomen subnudum, Marquandin Kew Bull. 170 (1937)
species :
Gentiana crassuloides
Bureau & Franch.; Morot, J. de Bot. 5: 104 (1891)
subspecies :
subsp. crassuloides
Distribution: China (S-Gansu, W-Hubei, SE-Qinghai, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Ladakh, Chumbi)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Varasia crassuloides (Bureau & Franch.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
subspecies :
subsp. curviphylla
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 41 (1995)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana curviphylla T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 27 (1984)
subspecies :
subsp. mainlingensis
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov. Sect. Not. 3(1): 41 (1995)
Distribution: SE-Tibet
36 TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana mainlingensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 30 (1984)
subspecies :
subsp. nyingchiensis
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 41 (1995)
Distribution: SE-Tibet
36 TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana nyingchiensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 31 (1984)
species :
Gentiana cristata
Harry Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 26: 251 (1965)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan, SW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana cruciata
L.; Sp. Pl. 231 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. cruciata
Name: Kreuz-Enzian (DE), Star gentian (EN)
Distribution: Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, +Saarland, +Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; NE-Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; N-Greece (mountains, south to Mt. Peristeri); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; N-European Russia; Moldova; Crimea; Siberia (W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan); USA [I] (Massachusetts [I])
11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS 30 SIB 32 KAZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 75 usa
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
Synonyms: hidden
= Cruciata verticillata Gilib.; Fl. Lituan. 1: 36 (1781), opus utique oppr.
= Dasystephana cruciata (L.) Adans.; (1763)
= Dasystephana cruciata (L.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 75: 1301 (1990), isonym
= Ericala cruciata (L.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 191 (1837)
= Ericoila cruciata (L.) Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 27 (1796)
= Gentiana depressa Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 49 (1853), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana fibriscincta Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 457 (1866)
= Gentiana lasiopoda Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 457 (1866)
= Gentianella cruciata (L.) Moench; Meth. Suppl. 183 (1802)
= Gentianusa cruciata (L.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 250 (1809)
= Hippion cruciatum (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boëm. 2: 14 (1793 publ. 1794)
= Pneumonanthe cruciata (L.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 70: 921 (1985)
= Tretorhiza cruciata (L.) Delarbre; Fl. Auv. ed. II. 1: 24 (1800)
= Tretorhiza cruciata (L.) Opiz; , isonym
= Tretorrhiza cruciata (L.) Delarbre; Fl. Auvergne, ed. 2: 24 (1800)
subspecies :
subsp. phlogifolia
(Schott & Kotschy) Tutin; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 378 (1971)
Distribution: Slovakia; Romania; W-Ukraine
11 SLO 13 ROM 14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana phlogifolia Schott & Kotschy; Bot. Zeit. 9: 151 (1851)
= Tretorhiza cruciata subsp. phlogifolia (Schott & Kotschy) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 35(4): 899 (1986)
= Tretorhiza phlogifolia (Schott & Kotschy) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana cruttwellii
Harry Sm.; Kew Bull. 225 (1957)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana alpinipalustris P.Royen; Alp. Fl. New Guinea 4: 2807 (1983)
= Gentiana cinereifolia P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot., No. 17, 404 (1964)
= Gentiana nerterifolia P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot., No. 17, 381 (1964)
species :
Gentiana cuneibarba
Harry Sm.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. 63: 102 (1926)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Bhutan; N-Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Fimbricorona
species :
Gentiana dahurica
Fisch.; Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 3: 63 (1812)
Distribution: Siberia (Chita); China (Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, N-Sichuan, NW-Sichuan); Mongolia
30 SIB 36 CHI 37 MON
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana dahurica (Fisch.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 75: 1301 (1990)
= Gentiana biflora Regel ex Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 62 (1893), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 176 (1894)
= Gentiana dahurica var. gracilipes (Turrill) Ma; (1964)
= Gentiana gracilipes Turrill; Bot. Mag. 141: t. 8630 (1915)
= Gentiana kurroo var. brevidens Maxim. ex Kusn.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 4, 1: 178 (1891)
= Gentiana pseudodecumbens Harry Sm.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 130 (1937)
= Pneumonanthe dahurica (Fisch.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 70(7): 921 (1985)
= Tretorhiza biflora (Reg. & Kusn.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Tretorhiza dahurica (Fisch.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
variant :
var. campanulata
T.N.Ho; Bull. Bot. Res. North-East. Forest. Inst. 4(1): 75 (1984)
Distribution: China (NW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Gentiana davidii
Franch.; Pl. Davidian. 1: 211 (1884)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang); Taiwan
36 CHI 38 TAI
Remarks: Sect. Monopodiae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentianodes davidii (Franch.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
= Gentiana atkinsonii Burkill; J. Proc. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 309 (1906)
variant :
var. formosana
(Hayata) T.N.Ho; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 62: 103 (1988)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana atkinsonii var. formosana (Hayata) Yamam.; J. Soc. Trop. Agric. 8: 70 (1936)
= Gentiana fasciculata Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 25: Art. 19, 165 (1908)
= Gentiana formosana Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 22: 242 (1906)
variant :
var. fukienensis
(Y.Ling) T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 370 (1994)
Distribution: China (Fujian)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana fukienensis Y.Ling; Contrib. Inst. Bot. Nation. Acad. Peiping 6(4): 217 (1949)
species :
Gentiana decemfida
Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don; Prod. Fl. Nep. 127 (1825)
Distribution: Pakistan (Hazara, Pakistani Punjab); Nepal; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Poonch)
40 IND NEP PAK
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ericala decemfida Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don; Trans. Linn. Soc. 17: 514 (1837)
= Ericoila decemfida (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) D.Don; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 514 (1837)
= Ericoila royleana G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 191 (1837)
= Gentiana aprica Decne.; Jacquem. Voy. Bot. 112. t. 118 (1844)
= Gentiana decemfida var. aprica (Decne.) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 112 (1883)
= Gentiana listeri Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 314 (1906)
= Gentiana riparia Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 4392 (1830)
= Gentiana royleana Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 4393 (1830)
= Gentianodes aprica (Decne.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 15 (1988)
= Gentianodes decemfida (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 14 (1988)
= Varasia aprica (Decne.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Varasia decemfida (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana decora
Pollard; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington. 13: 131 (1900)
Name: Showy gentian
Distribution: USA (Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia)
75 USA 78 USA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana decora (Pollard) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 930 (1903)
= Pneumonanthe decora (Pollard) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)
species :
Gentiana decumbens
L.f.; Suppl. 174 (1781)
Distribution: C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Kazakhstan; China (NW-Xinjiang); Mongolia; India (Himachal Pradesh)
14 RUS 30 SIB 32 KAZ 36 CHI 37 MON 40 IND
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis decumbens (L.f.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Rostl. 1: Gentian. 10 (1823)
= Dasystephana adscendens (Pall.) Borkh.; Roem. Archiv 1: t. 26 (1796)
= Dasystephana decumbens (L.f.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 75(9): 1301 (1990)
= Dasystephana sangilenica Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 77(2): 96 (1992)
= Eyrythalia gebleri G.Don; Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. III. 471 (1839)
= Gentiana adscendens Pall.; Fl. Ross. 1(2): 106. t. 94 (1789)
= Gentiana ascendens Poir. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 672 (1840)
= Gentiana decumbens var. gebleri (Ledeb. ex Bunge) Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 280 (1839)
= Gentiana gebleri Ledeb. ex Bunge; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 1: 211 (1829)
= Gentiana sangilenica (Zuev) Czerep.; Vasc. Pl. Russia & Adj. States (former USSR): 269 (1995)
= Pneumonanthe adscendens (Pall.) F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 10 (1796)
= Tretorhiza decumbens (L.f.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 35(4): 899 (1986)
= Tretorhiza decumbens (L.f.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana delavayi
Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 31: 377 (1884)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, N-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Microsperma
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentianodes delavayi (Franch.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
species :
Gentiana deltoidea
Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. v11. 966 (1936)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana dendrologi
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 79 (1931)
Distribution: China (N-Sichuan, W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
species :
Gentiana densiflora
T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 369 (1994)
Distribution: China (Guizhou, E-Sichuan, W-Hubei)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana depressa
D.Don; Prod. Fl. Nep. 125 (1825) ex C. E. C. Fisch. & Kaul, Kew Bull. 268 (1940), descr. ampl.
Distribution: S-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, Chumbi)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Isomeria
Synonyms: hidden
= Ericala depressa D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)
= Ericoila depressa (D.Don) D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)
= Gentiana depressa var. stenophylla T.N.Ho; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23: 57 (1993)
= Gentianodes depressa (D.Don ex G.Don) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
= Pneumonanthe depressa (D.Don) G.Don; London Edinburgh Philos. Mag. & J. Sci. 1836: 76 (1836)
species :
Gentiana divaricata
T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 19 (1984)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana diversifolia
Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 1: Suppl. 224 (1906)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
species :
Gentiana douglasiana
Bong.; Mem. Acad. Petersb. 2: 156 (1833)
Name: Swamp gentian
Distribution: Alaska; Canada (British Columbia); USA (Washington State)
70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ericala douglasiana (Bong.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)
= Gentiana douglasiana f. maculata B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 94: 634 (1967)
= Gentiana douglasiana var. brevissima Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 303 (1838)
= Gentiana douglasiana var. patens Griseb.; Fl. Bor. Amer. (Hook.) 2: 60, tab. 148B (1837)
species :
Gentiana dschungarica
Regel; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada, prepr. 6: 334 (1879)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); E-Kazakhstan
30 SIB 32 KAZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana fischeri (P.A.Smirn.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Gentiana fischeri P.A.Smirn.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou, Biol., n. s. 46: 95, cum descr. (1937)
= Gentiana gebleri Fisch. ex Bunge; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 1: 218 (1829)
= Pneumonanthe fischeri (P.A.Smirn.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 70: 921 (1985)
species :
Gentiana dshimilensis
K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 583 (1850)
Distribution: SW-Bulgaria; W-Ukraine; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (NE-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)
13 BUL 14 UKR 33 ARM AZE GEO 34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis dshimilensis (K.Koch) Zuev; Turczaninowia 22(3): 146 (2019)
= Gentiana djimilensis Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 4: 72 (1875), orth. var.
= Gentiana pyrenaica f. longipedunculata Kozuharov & Petrova; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 8: 484, 404 (1982)
= Gentiana pyrenaica f. minuta Kozuharov & Petrova; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 8: 484, 404 (1982)
= Gentiana vagneriana Janka; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 35 109 (1885), nomen
= Gentiana wagneri Janka; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 35: 109 (1885)
= Varasia dshimilensis (K.Koch) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Varasia pyrenaica subsp. vagneriana (Janka) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 202 (1979 publ. 1980), nom. inval.
species :
Gentiana duclouxii
Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 46: 305 (1899)
Distribution: China (C-Yunnan, W-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Monopodiae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentianodes duclouxii (Franch.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
species :
Gentiana durangensis
Villarreal; Acta Bot. Mex. 34: 49 (1996)
Distribution: Mexico (Durango)
79 MEX
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
species :
Gentiana ecaudata
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 51 (1928)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; NE-Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana setulifolia C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 56 (1928)
species :
Gentiana elmeriana
Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 46 (1995), nom. nov.
Distribution: Philippines (Mindanao)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Amarella copelandii Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 53 (-54) (1904)
= Gentiana copelandii (Greene) Elmer; Leaflets Philipp. Bot. 7: 2671 (1915)
species :
Gentiana elwesii
C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 115 (1883)
Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tripura, West Bengal, Chumbi)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Isomeria
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana longepetiolata Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 62 (1893), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 137 (1894)
= Gentianodes elwesii (C.B.Clarke) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
= Gentianodes longipetiolata (Kusn.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
species :
Gentiana emodi
C.Marquand ex Sealy; Bot. Mag., Lond. clxx. t. 230 (1954)
Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, Chumbi)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND
Remarks: Sect. Isomeria
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana amoena C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 115 (1883) nec Wedd. (1859)
= Gentianodes emodi (Marquand ex Sealy) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
species :
Gentiana ettingshausenii
F.Muell.; Trans. Roy. Soc. Vict. N. S. I. 2: 27 (1889)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana giulianetti Hemsl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1899: 106 (1899)
= Gentiana lorentzii Koord.; Lorentz, Nova Guinea 8: 175 (1909)
= Gentiana wollastonii Wernham; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 9: 118 (1916)
species :
Gentiana exigua
Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. V11. 957 (1936)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana faucipilosa
Harry Sm.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. 63: 102 (1926)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana faucipilosa var. caudata C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 171 (1937)
species :
Gentiana fieldiana
J.S.Pringle; Sida 8(1): 24 (1979)
Distribution: Guatemala
80 GUA
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana filistyla
Balf.f. & Forrest; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 60 (1928)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Nepal; NE-Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 40 NEP 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Isomeria
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana filistyla var. parviflora C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 183 (1937)
= Gentianodes filistyla (Balf.f.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125: 257 (1972)
species :
Gentiana flavomaculata
Hayata; Ic. Pl. Formos. 6: Suppl. (Gen. Ind. Fl. Formos.) 49 (1917)
subspecies :
subsp. flavomaculata
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana flavescens Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 25: Art 19, 166(1908) non Schur (1866)
= Gentiana flavomaculata var. yuanyanghuensis Chih H.Chen & J.C.Wang; Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin., n. s. 40: 21 (1999)
subspecies :
subsp. tatakensis
(Masam.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 38 (1995)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana tatakensis Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 33: 110 (1943)
species :
Gentiana flexicaulis
Harry Sm.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 133 (1937)
Distribution: China (N-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana inconspicua Harry Sm.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 131 (1937)
variant :
var. complexa
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 40 (1995)
Distribution: China (S-Sichuan, Emei Shan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana complexa T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 34 (1984)
species :
Gentiana formosa
Harry Sm.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. 63: 104 (1926)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; NE-Myanmar (Kachin)
36 CHI TIB 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana exquisita Harry Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 26: 25 (1965)
species :
Gentiana forrestii
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 52 (1928)
subspecies :
subsp. forrestii
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana pallescens Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 962 (1936)
= Gentiana pallida Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 962 (1936), orth. var.
subspecies :
subsp. yakumontana
(Masam.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 40 (1995)
Distribution: Japan (Yakushima Isl.)
38 JAP NNS
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana yakumontana f. viridis (Sugim.) Yonek.; J. Jap. Bot. 80(6): 328 (2005)
= Gentiana yakumontana Masam.; Prelim. Rep. Veg. Yakus. 112 (1929), Masam. in Mem. Fac. Sci. & Agric. Taihoku Imp. Univ. xi., Bot. No. 4, 374 (1934)
= Gentiana zollingeri f. viridis Sugim.; Keys Herb. Pl. Jap. 1: 427, 737 (1965)
species :
Gentiana franchetiana
Kusn.; Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 243 (1894), et Act. Hort. Petrop. 15: 385 (1904)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, N-Yunnan, NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana pulla Franch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 133 (1890) nec Griseb. (1874)
species :
Gentiana fremontii
Torr.; Frem. Rep. 94 (1843)
Name: Moss gentian
Distribution: Canada (Alberta, Saskatchewan); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming)
71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 77 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chondrophylla fremontii (Torr.) A.Nelson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, 245 (1904)
= Ciminalis fremontii (Torr.) W.A.Weber; Phytologia 33(2): 105 (1976)
species :
Gentiana frigida
Haenke; Jacq., Collect, Bot. 2, 13 (1789)
Name: Steirischer Enzian, Tauern-Enzian (DE)
Distribution: Austria; Poland; Slovakia; Romania; SW-Bulgaria; NW-Ukraine
11 AUT POL SLO 13 BUL ROM 14 UKR
Remarks: Sect. Frigidae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis algida Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Gentian.): 10 (1824)
= Ciminalis frigida (Haenke) Bercht. & J.Presl; Rostl. 1: Gentian. 10 (1823)
= Dasystephana frigida (Haenke) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 75: 1301 (1990)
= Gentiana algida var. frigida (Haenke) Kusn.; Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana (1894)
= Gentianodes frigida (Haenke) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 256 (1972)
= Pneumonanthe frigida (Haenke) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)
species :
Gentiana froelichii
Jan ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 865 (1832)
subspecies :
subsp. froelichii
Name: Karawanken-Enzian
Distribution: Austria; NE-Italy; Slovenia
11 AUT 13 ITA SLV
Remarks: Sect. Frigidae
Synonyms: hidden
= Favargera froelichii (Jan) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 256 (1972)
= Gentiana carnica Welw. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 2: 865 (1832)
= Gentiana hladnikiana Host ex W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv.: 488 (1837)
subspecies :
subsp. zenariae
F.Martini & Poldini; Willdenowia 18(1): 23 (1988)
Distribution: NE-Italy (Venetian Alps)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana zenariae (F.Martini & Poldini) Landolt; Fl. Indicativa 269 (2010)
species :
Gentiana futtereri
Diels & Gilg; Futterer, Durch Asien, Bot. repr. 14 (1903)
Distribution: China (SE-Qinghai); E-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
species :
Gentiana gayi
Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 106 (1845)
Name: Mamañika [Chile]
Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, Jujuy, La Rioja, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Salta, Santa Cruz Prov., San Juan, Tucuman, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Arica y Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta, Atacama, Coquimbo, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Magallanes)
85 ARG CLE
Remarks: sect. Dolichocarpa. Sometimes included in a broadly defined G. prostrata
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana gayi subsp. magellanica (Kusn.) Pfanzelt & K.B.Hagen; Pl. Syst. Evol. 302(2): 165 (2015)
= Gentiana podocarpa (Phil.) Griseb.; Gött. Abh. 19: 210 (1874)
= Gentiana prostrata f. magellanica Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24(Bot.): 231 (1894)
= Gentiana prostrata subsp. podocarpa (Phil.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 34 (1995)
= Gentiana prostrata var. podocarpa (Phil.) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24(Bot.): 231 (1894)
= Gentiana ramosissima Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 43: 511 (1873), nom. illeg.
= Varasia podocarpa Phil.; Fl. Atac. 35. t. 36 (1860)
species :
Gentiana gelida
M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucasus 1: 196 (1808)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkmenistan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)
32 TKM 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana gelida (M.Bieb.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Gentiana algida Steven; Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 3: 249 (1812), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana alpina Adam; G. F. Hoffmann, Hort. Mosq.: 1487 (1808), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana araratica Adam ex Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 285 (1838)
= Pneumonanthe gelida (M.Bieb.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 194 (1837)
species :
Gentiana georgei
Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 221 (1912)
Distribution: China (S-Gansu, S-Qinghai, N-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
species :
Gentiana gilvostriata
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 83 (1931)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Bhutan; NE-India (Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal); NE-Myanmar (Kachin)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Isomeria
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana gilvostriata var. stricta C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 183 (1937)
species :
Gentiana glauca
Pall.; Fl. Ross. 1(2): 104. t. 93, f. 2 (1789)
Name: Pale gentian (EN)
Distribution: Siberia (Chita, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Sakhalin); Japan (Hokkaido); Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Northern Territories, Yukon); USA (Montana, Washington State)
30 SIB 31 RFE 38 JAP 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 73 USA
Remarks: Sect. Isomeria
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis glauca (Pall.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Gentian.): 11 (1824)
= Coilantha glauca (Pall.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 185 (1837)
= Dasistepha caespitosa (Graham) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 19 (1837)
= Dasystephana glauca (Pall.) Borkh.; Roem. Archiv 1: t. 26 (1796)
= Dasystephana glauca (Pall.) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 464 (1913), isonym
= Gentiana caespitosa Graham; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 1830(July-Sept.): 367 (1830)
= Gentiana glauca f. chlorantha Jordal; Rhodora 54: 38 (1952)
= Gentiana glauca var. paulensis Kellogg; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 7: 115 (1877)
= Gentianodes glauca (Pall.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
= Pneumonanthe glauca (Pall.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)
species :
Gentiana grandiflora
Laxm.; Nov. Comm. Acad. Petrop. 18: 526. t. 6, f. 1 (1774)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); SE-Kazakhstan; NW-Mongolia
30 SIB 32 KAZ 37 MON
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis grandiflora (Laxm.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 70: 920 (1985)
= Diploma altaica (Pall.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 19 (1837)
= Ericala altaica (Pall.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)
= Ericoila altaica (Pall.) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 27 (1796)
= Gentiana altaica Pall.; Fl. Ross. 2: 217 (1788)
= Gentiana longiflora Lam.; Tabl. Encyc. 1: 485 (1793)
= Hippion altaicum (Pall.) F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 10 (1796)
= Varasia grandiflora (Laxm.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Xolemia longiflora (Lam.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)
species :
Gentiana grata
Harry Sm.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien Math.-Nat. 63: 103 (1926)
subspecies :
subsp. grata
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
subspecies :
subsp. burmensis
(C.Marquand) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 34 (1995)
Distribution: N-Myanmar
41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana burmensis C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 49 (1928)
variant :
var. bryophylla
(Harry Sm.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 35 (1995)
Distribution: NE-Myanmar
41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana bryophylla Harry Sm.; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 57 (1993)
species :
Gentiana grumii
Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 63 (1893), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 246 (1894)
Distribution: China (Qinghai, Gansu)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana ivanoviczii C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 173 (1937)
= Gentiana maximowiczii Kusn.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 4, 2: 505 (1892), nom. illeg.
species :
Gentiana gyirongensis
T.N.Ho; Bull. Bot. Res. North-East. Forest. Inst. 4(1): 79 (1984)
Distribution: SW-Tibet; Nepal
36 TIB 40 NEP
Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa
species :
Gentiana handeliana
Harry Sm.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien Math.-Nat. 63: 98 (1926)
subspecies :
subsp. handeliana
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; NE-Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Frigidae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana handeliana var. brevisepala C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 84 (1931)
= Gentiana stictantha C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 57 (1928)
subspecies :
subsp. erectosepala
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 22 (1995)
Distribution: SE-Tibet
36 TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana erectosepala T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(1): 47 (1985)
species :
Gentiana haraldi-smithii
Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 46 (1995)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
species :
Gentiana harrowiana
Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 221 (1912)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; NE-Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Isomeria
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana streptopoda Balf.f. & Forrest; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 61 (1928)
species :
Gentiana haynaldii
Kanitz; Pl. exped. Szechenyi in As. centr. coll. 39 (1891)
Distribution: China (SW-Qinghai, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana rockhillii Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 30: 137 (1894)
= Gentiana scariosa Balf.f. & Forrest; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 4: 74 (1907)
species :
Gentiana heleonastes
Harry Sm.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 132 (1937)
Distribution: China (S-Qinghai, N-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana helophila
Balf.f. & Forrest; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 60 (1928)
subspecies :
subsp. helophila
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
subspecies :
subsp. dolichocalyx
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Genus Gentiana: 93 (1997)
Distribution: China (NW-Sichuan, SE-Qinghai)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana dolichocalyx T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(1): 43 (1985)
species :
Gentiana hesseliana
Hosseus; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 465 (1911)
Distribution: N-Thailand; ?Vietnam
41 THA
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana hexaphylla
Maxim. ex Kusn.; Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 35: 349 (1894), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 126 (1894)
Distribution: China (S-Gansu, SE-Qinghai, N-Sichuan, W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana hexaphylla var. caudata C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 81 (1931)
= Gentiana hexaphylla var. pentaphylla Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz., Symb. Sin. 7: 974 (1936)
= Gentiana hexaphylla var. septemloba Harry Sm. ex C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 81 (1931)
= Gentianodes hexaphylla (Maxim.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
species :
Gentiana himalayaensis
T.N.Ho; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 57 (1993), nom. nov.
Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Frigidae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana algida var. parviflora (C.B.Clarke) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 266 (1898)
= Gentiana nubigena var. parviflora C.B.Clarke; (1883) (non G. parviflora Gilg (1896))
species :
Gentiana hirsuta
Ma & E.W.Ma ex T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 38 (1984)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana hohoxiliensis
S.K.Wu & R.F.Huang; S. G. Wu & Z. J. Feng (eds.), Biol. & Human Physiol. Hoh Xil Region: 74 (1996)
Distribution: China (Qinghai)
36 CHI
species :
Gentiana hooperi
J.S.Pringle; Sida 7(2): 193 (1977)
Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Sinaloa)
79 MEX
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
species :
Gentiana hsinganica
J.H.Yu; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 32(1): 1 (2012)
Distribution: China (Nei Mongol)
36 CHI
species :
Gentiana hugelii
Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 108 (1845)
Distribution: W-Tibet; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Zanskar)
36 TIB 40 IND
Remarks: Sect. Fimbricorona
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana marginata var. hugelii (Griseb.) S.Agrawal; Indian J. Forest. 7(1): 56 (1984)
= Qaisera hugelii (Griseb.) Omer; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 111(2): 210 (1989)
= Gentiana hugelii Griseb. ex Stapf; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 337 (1906)
species :
Gentiana huxleyi
Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 64 (1893), et in Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 35: 280 (1894)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Parwan); S-Tibet; Pakistan (Chitral, Swat); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Uttarakhand, Sikkim)
34 AFG 36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana kumaonensis Biswas; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 34: t. 3359 (1938)
= Gentiana sagarmathae Miyam. & H.Ohba; J. Jap. Bot. 71(1): 45 (1996)
= Gentianodes huxleyi (Kusn.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 5 (1988)
= Varasia huxleyi (Kusn.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana intricata
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 170 (1937)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana fastigiata Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 31: 373 (1884), nom. illeg.
= Varasia fastigiata (Franch.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
variant :
var. subintricata
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 38 (1995)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana subintricata T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 41 (1984)
species :
Gentiana jamesii
Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 128 (1890)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido)
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis jamesii (Hemsl.) Zuev; Konspekt Fl. Aziatsk. Rossii 365 (2012)
= Gentiana jamesii f. albiflora (Nakai) Toyok.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 16: 116 (1956)
= Gentiana jamesii var. albiflora Nakai; Icon. Pl. Koisikav 3: 25 (1916)
= Gentiana jamesii var. kawakamii (Makino) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus., Tokyo 31: 93 (1952)
= Gentiana kawakamii (Makino) Makino; Bot. Mag. Tokyo 18: 67 (1904)
= Gentiana kurilensis Grossh.; Fl. URSS 18: 750 (1952)
= Gentiana nipponica var. karakamii Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 17: 212 (1903)
= Gentianodes jamesii (Hemsl.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
= Varasia jamesii (Hemsl.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana jarmilae
Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 28 (1995), nom. nov.
Distribution: N-Borneo
42 BOR
Remarks: Sect. Monopodiae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana clementis Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., Bot. 13: 120 (1918) (non Rydb. 1910)
species :
Gentiana jingdongensis
T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(1): 46 (1985)
Distribution: China (C-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Monopodiae
species :
Gentiana jouyana
Hul; Adansonia, sér. 3, 24(1): 37 (2002)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
species :
Gentiana kaohsiungensis
Chih H.Chen & J.C.Wang; Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. (Taipei) 40(1): 24 (1999)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana kauffmanniana
Regel & Schmalh.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 6: 331 (1879)
subspecies :
subsp. kauffmanniana
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (N-Xinjiang); Pakistan; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir)
32 KAZ KGZ TZK 36 CHI 40 IND PAK
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana kauffmanniana (Regel & Schmalh.) Revushk. & Borovik; Turczaninowia 22(3): 136 (2019)
= Gentianodes kauffmanniana (Regel & Schmalh.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20: 17 (1988)
= Tretorhiza kauffmanniana (Regel & Schmalh.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
subspecies :
subsp. affghanica
(Kusn.) Schiman-Czeika; Fl. Iranica 41: 14 (1967)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Bamyan, Wardak); Pakistan (Waziristan)
34 AFG 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana kauffmanniana var. affghanica Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 13: 62 (1893)
= Gentianodes kauffmanniana subsp. affghanica (Kusn.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20: 17 (1988)
species :
Gentiana khammouanensis
Hul; Edinburgh J. Bot. 64(2): 173 (2007)
Distribution: Laos
41 LAO
species :
Gentiana kirilowii
Turcz.; Vestn. Estestv. Nauk Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir. 2(43-44): 1354 (1861)
Distribution: SE-Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (N-Xinjiang); W-Tibet; Pakistan (Hazara, Chitral, Astor, Gilgit, Deosai, Baltistan); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Zanskar)
32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 36 CHI TIB 40 IND PAK
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana glomerata (Regel) Kusn.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 4, 2: 507 (1892)
= Gentiana olivieri var. glomerata Regel; Descr. Pl. Nov. 7: 47 (1879)
= Gentiana regelii Kusn.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 4, 2: 507 (1892)
= Gentiana tianschanica Rupr. ex Kusn.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 14(4): 61 (1869)
= Gentianodes tianschanica (Rupr. ex Kusn.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 18 (1988)
= Tretorhiza tianschanica (Rupr.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana kurroo
Royle; Illustr. Bot. Himal. 278. t. 68, f. 2 (1835)
Distribution: Pakistan (Kurram, Hazara, Murree); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Poonch); Myanmar
40 IND PAK 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentianodes kurroo (Royle) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 16 (1988)
= Pneumonanthe kurroo (Royle) G.Don; Phil. Mag. 75 (1836), Royle, Illustr. Bot. Himal. 278
= Tretorhiza kurroo (Royle) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
variant :
var. lowndesii
(Blatt.) T.N.Ho; A Worldwide Monograph of Gentiana: 172 (2001)
Distribution: Pakistan (Waziristan); Nepal; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh)
40 IND NEP PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana lowndesii Blatt.; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 35: 861 (1932)
= Gentianella lowndesii (Blatt.) Harry Sm.; J. Jap. Bot. 56(9): 276 (1981)
= Gentianodes lowndesii (Blatt.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 17 (1988)
= Tretorhiza lowndesii (Blatt.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana kurumbae
Anilkumar & Udayan; Taiwania 60(2): 82 (2015)
Distribution: India (Kerala)
40 IND
species :
Gentiana lacerulata
Harry Sm.; Kew Bull. 15: 52 (1961)
Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; NE-India (Assam, Sikkim)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Isomeria
species :
Gentiana laciniata
Kit. ex Kanitz; Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 12: 572 (1862)
Distribution: W-Ukraine
14 UKR
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae. Sometimes included in G. pyrenaica or G. dshimilensis
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis dshimilensis subsp. laciniata (Kit. ex Kanitz) Zuev; Turczaninowia 22(3): 147 (2019)
= Gentiana pyrenaica var. laciniata (Kit. ex Kanitz) Jáv.; Exsicc. (Fl. Hung.) 8: n. 786 (1927)
species :
Gentiana laevigata
M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Brux. 11: I. 369 (1844)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca)
79 MEX
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
variant :
var. hintoniorum
(B.L.Turner) T.N.Ho; A Worldwide Monograph of Gentiana: 314 (2001)
Distribution: Mexico (Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana hintoniorum B.L.Turner; Phytologia 80(2): 118 (1996)
species :
Gentiana lagodechiana
(Kusn.) Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza 3: 228 (1932)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus
33 NCS
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe. Often included in G. septemfida as variety
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana lagodechiana (Kusn.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Gentiana septemfida var. lagodechiana Kusn.; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 325 (1903)
species :
Gentiana langbianensis
A.Chev. ex Hul; Adansonia, sér. 3, 21(2): 248 (1999)
subspecies :
subsp. langbianensis
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
subspecies :
subsp. kerriana
Hul; Fl. Cambodge, Laos & Vietnam 31: 39 (2003)
Distribution: Laos
41 LAO
species :
Gentiana laotica
Soulad., Tagane & Yahara; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 46(1): 72 (2018)
Distribution: Laos
41 LAO
species :
Gentiana lateriflora
Hemsl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1896: 38 (1896)
Distribution: N-Sumatra; S-Sulawesi
42 SUL SUM
Remarks: Sect. Monopodiae
variant :
var. uncifolia
(H.J.Lam) T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38(1): 10 (2000)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana uncifolia H.J.Lam; Blumea 5: 578 (1945)
species :
Gentiana latidens
(House) J.S.Pringle & Weakley; Rhodora 111(947): 394 (2009)
Distribution: USA (North Carolina)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana saponaria var. latidens House; Muhlenbergia 6(7): 75 (1910)
species :
Gentiana lawrencei
Burkill; Gard. Chron., II. 307 (1905)
Distribution: China (SW-Gansu, W-Sichuan, Qinghai); E-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana farreri Balf.f.; Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh 27: 248 (1918)
= Gentiana lawrencei var. farreri (Balf.f.) T.N.Ho; Novon 4: 371 (1994)
= Gentianodes farreri (Balf.f.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125: 257 (1972)
species :
Gentiana laxiflora
T.N.Ho; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 56 (1993)
Distribution: SE-Tibet
36 TIB
Remarks: Sect. Frigidae
species :
Gentiana leroyana
Hul; Adansonia, sér. 3, 21(2): 246 (1999)
Distribution: Laos
41 LAO
species :
Gentiana leucomelaena
Maxim.; Mel. biol. Acad. Imp. 13: 175 (1891), et in Bull, Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 34: 505 (1892)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva); SE-Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xinjiang); Tibet; N-Mongolia; NE-Pakistan (Gilgit, Karakorum, Baltistan); Nepal; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Ladakh, Leh, Rupshu, Dras)
30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 40 IND NEP PAK
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis leucomelaena (Maxim.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 70(7): 920 (1985)
= Ciminalis variegata Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 71: 1406 (1986)
= Gentiana aquatica subsp. alba Freyn; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 40: 124 (1890)
= Gentiana berezovcaeana Prodan; Bul. Grad. Bot. Univ. Cluj 6: 112 (1926 publ. 1927)
= Gentiana humilis var. evolutior C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 111 (1883)
= Gentiana leucomelaena var. alba Kusn.; Subgen. Eugentiana: 235 (1894)
= Gentiana leucomelaena var. pusilla Krylov; Fl. Alt. 3: 852 (1904)
= Gentiana variegata (Zuev) Czerep.; Vasc. Pl. Russia & Adj. States (former USSR): 270 (1995)
= Varasia leucomelaena (Maxim.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana lhassica
Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 311 (1906)
Distribution: China (SW-Qinghai); E-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
species :
Gentiana licentii
Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. v11. 952 (1936), et in Kew Bull.132, descr. (1937)
Distribution: China (SE-Gansu, E-Sichuan, Shaanxi)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana ligustica
Vilm. & Chopinet; Rapports Comm. VIII Congr. Internat. Bot., Sect. 21-27, 166 (1956)
Distribution: SE-France; C-Italy; NW-Italy
12 FRA 13 ITA
Remarks: Sect. Ciminalis
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis ligustica (R.Vilm. & Chopinet) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 171 (1973)
species :
Gentiana linearis
Froel.; Gent. Diss. 37 (1796)
Name: Narrowleaf gentian
Distribution: Canada (Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario, Québec); USA (Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, West Virginia)
71 CDN 72 CDN 75 USA 78 USA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis linearis (Froel.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Rostl. 1: Gentian. 11 (1824)
= Dasystephana linearis (Froel.) Britton; Britton & Brown, Ill. Fl. Ed. 2, 3: 13 (1913)
= Diploma hudsonica Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 27 (1837), nom. superfl.
= Ericala linearis (Froel.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 190 (1837)
= Gentiana linearis f. blanchardii Fernald; Rhodora 19: 152 (1917)
= Gentiana michauxii G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 194 (1837), nom. superfl.
= Gentiana pneumonanthe Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 176 (1803) non L.
= Gentiana pseudopneumonanthe Schult.; Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 6: 146 (1820)
= Gentiana saponaria var. froelichii Torr. & A.Gray; A. Gray, Manual: 360 (1848)
= Gentiana saponaria var. linearis (Froel.) Griseb.; Fl. Bor. Amer. (Hook.) 2: 55 (1837)
= Gonipia linearis (Froel.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 24 (1837)
= Pneumonanthe linearis (Froel.) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)
= Pneumonanthe media Raf.; Fl. Tellur. III: 19, 28 (1836)
= Pneumonanthe pseudopneumonanthe (Schult.) G.Don; Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. III. 471 (1839)
species :
Gentiana lineolata
Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 31: 375 (1884)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Microsperma
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentianodes lineolata (Franch.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
= Gentiana lineolata var. verticillaris F.B.Forbes & Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 128 (1890)
species :
Gentiana linoides
Franch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 129 (1890)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Varasia linoides (Franch.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana loerzingii
Ridl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1939: 30 (1939)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana longicollis
G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 69(2): 115 (1990)
Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Jalisco, Nayarit)
79 MEX
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
species :
Gentiana loureiroi
(G.Don) Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 108 (1845)
subspecies :
subsp. loureiroi
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang); Taiwan; Bhutan; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Sikkim); Myanmar; N- & NE-Thailand; Laos; Vietnam
36 CHI 38 TAI 40 BHU IND 41 LAO MYA THA VIE
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ericoila loureiroi G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 192 (1837)
= Gentiana aquatica Lour.; Fl. Cochinch.: 172 (1790), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana indica Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 1: 674 (1840)
= Varasia loureiroi (Griseb.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
subspecies :
subsp. napulifera
(Franch.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 48 (1995)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, C-Yunnan, NW-Yunnan); India (Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim); Myanmar (Kachin); N-Thailand
36 CHI 40 IND 41 MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana napulifera Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 488 (1896)
= Gentiana sarcorrhiza Y.Ling & Ma ex T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plateau Sin. 3: 45 (1984)
species :
Gentiana lowryi
Hul; Adansonia, sér. 3, 24(1): 39 (2002)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
species :
Gentiana lutea
L.; Sp. Pl. 227 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. lutea
Name: Gelber Enzian (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen [I], Nordrhein-Westfalen [I], Rheinland-Pfalz [I], Sachsen [I], Thüringen [I]); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Czech Republic; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Slovenia
11 AUT CZE GER LIE SWI 12 ADO COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ITA SLV
Remarks: Sect. Lutea
Synonyms: hidden
= Asterias hybrida G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 184 (1837)
= Asterias lutea (L.) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 25 (1796)
= Coilantha biloba Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Gentian.): 6 (1824)
= Gentiana major Bubani; Fl. Pyren. 1: 527 (1897)
= Gentianusa lutea (L.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 248 (1809)
= Lexipyretum luteum (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 451 (1867)
= Swertia lutea (L.) Vest ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 429 (1838)
subspecies :
subsp. aurantiaca
M.Laínz; Mis contrib. conocim. fl. Asturias: 61 (1982)
Distribution: NW-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana aurantiaca (M.Laínz) Silva Pando, Valdés Berm. & Rodr.Gracia; Nova Acta Cient. Compostel. (Biol.) 10: 26 (2000)
= Gentiana lutea var. aurantiaca (M.Laínz) M.Laínz; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 60(2): 463 (2002)
subspecies :
subsp. montserratii
(Vivant ex Greuter) Romo; Pl. Vasc. Abella de la Conca: 35 (1989)
Distribution: NE-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana lutea subsp. montserratii (Vivant) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. 11: 48 (1979)
= Gentiana lutea var. dilatata A.Bolòs; Actas III Congreso Int. Inst. Estud. Piren. 2: 38 (1962)
= Gentiana montserratii Vivant; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, 122 (7-8): 333 (1975)
= Gentiana montserratii Vivant ex Greuter; Willdenowia 11(2): 279 (1981)
subspecies :
subsp. vardjanii
Wraber; Proteus (Ljubljana) 48: 345 (-346) (1986)
Distribution: SE-Austria; Slovenia
11 AUT 13 SLV
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana vardjanii (Wraber) Landolt; Fl. Indicativa 269 (2010)
species :
Gentiana lycopodioides
Stapf; Trans. Linn. Soc., ser. II. 4: 208 (1894)
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana macgregoryi
Hemsl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1899: 107 (1899)
subspecies :
subsp. macgregoryi
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana igitii P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot. 17: 387 (1964)
= Gentiana juniperina Harry Sm.; Kew Bull. 225 (1957)
= Gentiana pungens Harry Sm. ex P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot., No. 17, 383 (1964)
= Gentiana recurvifolia P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot. 17: 390 (1964)
subspecies :
subsp. piundensis
(P.Royen) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 47 (1995)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana piundensis P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot., No. 17, 393 (1964)
= Gentiana polytrichoides P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot., No. 17, 392 (1964)
species :
Gentiana macrophylla
Pall.; Fl. Ross. 1(2): 108. t. 96 (1789)
subspecies :
subsp. macrophylla
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye); Kazakhstan; China (N-Sichuan, Henan, Gansu, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Shanxi, Hebei, Nei Mongol, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Shandong); N-Mongolia
30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 36 CHI 37 MON
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana macrophylla (Pall.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 75: 1301 (1990)
= Ericoila macrophylla (Pall.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Gentian.): 14 (1824)
= Gentiana jakutensis Bunge ex Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 118 (1845)
= Gentiana macrophylla f. alba G.M.Zhang; Plant 9(4): 98, figs. 1-A, 3 (2021)
= Gentiana macrophylla var. minor Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 3: 70 (1847)
= Gentiana quinquenervia Turrill; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1914: 328 (1914)
= Hippion macrophyllum (Pall.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)
= Pneumonanthe macrophylla (Pall.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 70(7): 921 (1985)
= Tretorhiza macrophylla (Pall.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
subspecies :
subsp. fetissowii
(Regel & C.Winkl.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 32 (1995)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai); SE-Kazakhstan; N-China (Gansu, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Shanxi, Hebei)
30 SIB 32 KAZ 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana fetissowii (Regel & C.Winkl.) Revushk. & Borovik; Turczaninowia 22(3): 136 (2019)
= Gentiana fetisowii Regel & C.Winkl.; Gartenflora 31: 3 (1882)
= Gentiana macrophylla var. fetisowii (Regel & C.Winkl.) Ma & C.K.Hsia; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 6: 43 (1964)
= Gentiana wutaiensis C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 80 (1931)
= Pneumonanthe fetisowii (Regel & C.Winkl.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 70: 921 (1985)
= Tretorhiza fetisowii (Regel & C.Winkl.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana maeulchanensis
Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 488 (1896)
subspecies :
subsp. maeulchanensis
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim)
36 CHI 40 BHU IND
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
subspecies :
subsp. kunmingensis
(S.W.Liu) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 38 (1995)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana kunmingensis S.W.Liu ex T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 369 (1994)
species :
Gentiana magellensis
(Vacc. ex Ronniger) Tammaro; Arch. Bot. Biogeogr. Ital., 62(1-2): 54 (1986)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Sect. Calathianae. Often included in G. verna
Synonyms: hidden
= Calathiana magellensis (Ronniger) Holub; Preslia 70(2): 101 (1998)
= Gentiana verna f. magellensis Ronniger; Mitt. Naturwiss. Vereines Steiermark 52: 326 (1915 publ. 1916)
species :
Gentiana mairei
H.Lév.; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 25: 22 (1915)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NE-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana makinoi
Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 60 (1893), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 89 (1894)
Distribution: Japan (Honshu, Shikoku)
38 JAP
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana makinoi (Kusn.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Gentiana makinoi f. albiflora Nakai ex H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 21: 19 (1947)
= Gentiana makinoi f. stenophylla Toyok.; J. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ., ser. 5, Bot. 7: 238 (1963)
species :
Gentiana manshurica
Kitag.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 48: 103 (1934)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye); China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Zhejiang); Taiwan
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 TAI
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana scabra f. levis Pamp.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 17: 693 (1910)
species :
Gentiana meiantha
(C.B.Clarke) Harry Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 26: 248 (1965)
Distribution: W-Nepal; N-India (Sikkim)
40 IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana ornata var. meiantha C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 116 (1883)
species :
Gentiana melandriifolia
Franch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 129 (1890)
Distribution: China (C-Yunnan, NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Monopodiae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentianodes melandriifolia (Franch. ex Hemsl.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
species :
Gentiana membranulifera
T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38(1): 10 (2000), nom. nov.
Distribution: Pakistan (Chitral, Hazara, Karakorum, Gilgit, Baltistan); Nepal; Bhutan; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Poonch)
40 BHU IND NEP PAK
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ericoila marginata D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 192 (1837)
= Gentiana carinata var. marginata C.B.Clarke; (1883)
= Gentiana marginata (D.Don ex G.Don) Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 275 (1838), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana marginata subsp. nasirii (Omer, Ali & Qaiser) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 36 (1995)
= Gentianodes eumarginata Omer; Fl. Pakistan, 197: 56 (1995) (nom. nov.)
= Gentianodes eumarginata var. harrissii (Omer, Ali & Qaiser) Omer; Fl. Pakistan, 197: 59 (1995)
= Gentianodes eumarginata var. scabromarginata Omer; Fl. Pakistan, 197: 59 (1995)
= Gentianodes marginata (D.Don ex G.Don) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 9 (1988)
= Gentianodes marginata var. harrissii Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 10 (1988)
= Gentianodes nasirii Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20: 10 (1988)
= Varasia marginata (D.Don ex G.Don) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
variant :
var. intermedia
(C.B.Clarke) T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38(1): 11 (2000)
Distribution: N-Pakistan (Astor, Deosai, Gilgit, Swat); Nepal; N-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Poonch, Zanskar)
40 IND NEP PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana carinata var. intermedia C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 113 (1883)
= Gentiana marginata var. recurvata Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 425 (1904)
= Gentiana membranulifera var. recurvata (Kusn.) T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38(1): 11 (2000)
= Gentianodes intermedia (C.B.Clarke) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 14 (1988)
species :
Gentiana micans
C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 112 (1883)
subspecies :
subsp. micans
Distribution: SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, West Bengal, Chumbi)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana micans var. latifolia T.N.Ho; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 58 (1993)
= Gentiana sororcula Burkill; J. Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 2: 315 (1906)
= Varasia micans (C.B.Clarke) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
subspecies :
subsp. kwansiensis
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 44 (1995)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana kwansiensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 23 (1984)
species :
Gentiana micantiformis
Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 315 (1906)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, Qinghai); S- & SE-Tibet; Bhutan; N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana micrantha
Aitch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 19: 177 (1882)
Distribution: Pakistan (Kurram)
40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Kurramiana micrantha (Aitch. & Hemsl.) Omer & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 24(1): 103 (1992)
species :
Gentiana microdonta
Franch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 130 (1890)
subspecies :
subsp. microdonta
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Frigidae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentianodes microdonta (Franch. ex Hemsl.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
= Gentiana trichotoma var. albescens C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 59 (1928)
subspecies :
subsp. omeiensis
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 23 (1995)
Distribution: China (S-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana omeiensis T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23: 49 (1985)
subspecies :
subsp. phyllopoda
(H.Lév.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 23 (1995)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NE-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana phyllopoda H.Lév.; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 25: 21 (1915)
species :
Gentiana microphyta
Franch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 130 (1890)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); Nepal; NE-Myanmar
36 CHI 40 NEP 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana mirandae
Paray; Bol. Soc. Bot. Mexico, No. 21, 15 (1957)
Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Veracruz)
79 MEX
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
species :
Gentiana moniliformis
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 86 (1931)
Distribution: China (W-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana mopanshanensis
Huan C.Wang & Tao Chen bis; PhytoKeys 239: 217 (2024)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Gentiana muscicola
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 189 (1937)
subspecies :
subsp. muscicola
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; NE-Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
subspecies :
subsp. lacinulata
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 35 (1995)
Distribution: SE-Tibet
36 TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana lacinulata T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 18 (1984)
species :
Gentiana myrioclada
Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 487 (1896)
Distribution: China (E-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
variant :
var. wuxiensis
T.N.Ho & S.W.Liu; Novon 4(4): 370 (1994)
Distribution: China (E-Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Gentiana namlaensis
C.Marquand; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 48: 205 (1929)
Distribution: SE-Tibet
36 TIB
Remarks: Sect. Isomeria
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana monochroa T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(1): 49 (1985)
= Gentiana sherriffii C.Marquand; New Flora & Silva 9: 254 (1937)
species :
Gentiana nanobella
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 53 (1928)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana aphrosperma Harry Sm.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 133 (1937)
species :
Gentiana newberryi
A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 84 (1876)
subspecies :
subsp. newberryi
Name: Alpine gentian
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana newberryi (A.Gray) Arthur; Torreya 22: 30 (1922)
= Gentiana calycosa A.Gray; Pacif. Railr. Rep. Williamson & Abbot, Bot. 6(3
= Gentiana copelandii Eastw.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. ser. 4, 20(5): 150 (-151) (1931), non Elmer (1915)
= Pneumonanthe newberryi (A.Gray) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)
subspecies :
subsp. tiogana
(A.Heller) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 21 (1995)
Name: Tioga gentian
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana newberryi var. tiogana (A.Heller) J.S.Pringle; Sida 14(2): 186 (1990)
= Gentiana tiogana A.Heller; Leafl. West. Bot. 2: 221 (1940)
= Pneumonanthe newberryi var. tiogana (A.Heller) D.W.Taylor; Fl. Yosemite Sierra 373 (2010)
species :
Gentiana nipponica
Maxim.; Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 32: 507 (1888)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Kuril Isl., Sakhalin); South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)
31 RFE 38 JAP KOR
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis nipponica (Maxim.) Zuev; Konspekt Fl. Aziatsk. Rossii 365 (2012)
= Gentiana makinoi H.Lév. & Vaniot; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53: 649 (1906) (non Kusn.)
= Gentiana nipponica var. robusta H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 21: 19 (1947)
= Varasia nipponica (Maxim.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana nivalis
L.; Sp. Pl. 229 (1753)
Name: Schnee-Enzian (DE), Snow gentian (EN)
Distribution: Iceland; England; Scotland; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; N-Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; ?Albania; Romania; W-Bulgaria; N-European Russia; NW-Ukraine; Siberia (W-Siberia); Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (NE-Anatolia); Greenland; Canada (Labrador, Québec)
10 FIN GRB ICE NOR SWE 11 AUT GER LIE POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 RUS UKR 30 SIB 33 ARM AZE GEO 34 TUR 70 GNL 72 CDN
Remarks: Sect. Calathianae
Synonyms: hidden
= Calathiana nivalis (L.) Delarbre; Fl. Auv. ed. II. 1: 28 (1800)
= Chiophila nivalis (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 23 (1837)
= Ericala nivalis (L.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 336 (1821)
= Ericoila carpathica (Kit. ex Schult.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 190 (1837)
= Ericoila nivalis (L.) Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 27 (1796)
= Gentiana aquatica Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 425 (1831) (non L. 1753)
= Gentiana carpathica Kit. ex Schult.; Oestr. Fl., ed. 2, 1: 443 (1814)
= Gentiana humilis Rochel; Pl. Banat. Rar. 61, f. 47 (1828) (non Steven 1812)
= Gentiana minima Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauph. 2: 528 (1787)
= Gentiana nivalis f. flavida (Murr) Hegi; 2026 (1927)
= Gentiana nivalis f. pygmaea Lebert; 27 (1834)
= Gentiana nivalis f. reducta Bolzon; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1910: 70 (1910)
= Gentiana nivalis subf. reducta (Bolzon) Bolzon; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 21: 196 (1914)
= Gentiana nivalis var. albiflora Lange; Meddel. Grønland 3: 265 (1887)
= Gentiana nivalis var. brevifolia Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 266 (1908)
= Gentiana nivalis var. uniflora Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 287 (1828)
= Hippion nivale (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10, 18 (1796)
= Lexipyretum nivale (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 450 (1867)
species :
Gentiana nubigena
Edgew.; Trans. Linn. Soc. 20: 85 (1846)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai, W-Sichuan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Kumaon, Ladakh, Rupshu, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Chumbi); Myanmar (Chin)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Frigidae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana algida var. nubigena (Edgew.) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 266 (1898)
= Gentiana algida var. przewalskii (Maxim.) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 265 (1898)
= Gentiana przewalskii Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Petersb. 27: 502 (1881)
= Gentianodes algida var. nubigena (Edgew.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 16 (1988)
species :
Gentiana nudicaulis
Kurz; J. As. Soc. Beng. 42(2): 235 (1873)
subspecies :
subsp. nudicaulis
Distribution: NE-India (Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim); Myanmar (Chin)
40 IND 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Varasia nudicaulis (Kurz) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
subspecies :
subsp. lakshnakarae
(Kerr) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov. Seei. Nat. 3(1): 36 (1995)
Distribution: NE-Thailand
41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana hesseliana var. lakshnakarae (Kerr) Toyok.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 32(1-4): 42 (1981)
= Gentiana lakshnakarae Kerr; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1940: 182 (1940)
subspecies :
subsp. ting-nung-hoae
(Halda) T.N.Ho; A Worldwide Monograph of Gentiana: 392 (2001)
Distribution: Cambodia
41 CBD
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana ting-nung-hoae Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 36 (1995)
species :
Gentiana nyalamensis
T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(1): 46 (1985)
Distribution: S-Tibet; Bhutan
36 TIB 40 BHU
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
variant :
var. parviflora
T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(1): 46 (1985)
Distribution: S-Tibet
36 TIB
species :
Gentiana obconica
T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(1): 45 (1985)
Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; W-Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, Chumbi)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
species :
Gentiana officinalis
Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 979 (1936)
Distribution: China (S-Gansu, SE-Qinghai, ?S-Shaanxi, N-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana gannanensis Y.Wang & Z.C.Lou; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 26(6): 461 (1988)
= Gentiana macrophylla var. albolutea H.Limpr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 12: 466 (1922)
species :
Gentiana olgae
Regel ex Schmalh.; Regel, Pl. Nov. Fedsch. 55 (1882)
Distribution: Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (N-Xinjiang)
32 KGZ TZK UZB 36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana grombczewskii Kusn.; Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 35: 349 (1894), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 167 (1894)
= Gentiana renardii Regel; Trautv. Regel, Maxim. & Winkl. Decas. Pl. Nov. 7 (1882)
= Tretorhiza grombczewskii (Kusn.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ.1980)
= Tretorhiza olgae (Regel & Schmalh.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana oligophylla
Harry Sm.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 130 (1937)
Distribution: China (Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, E-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana olivieri
Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 278 (1838)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Armenia; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Badghys, Baghlan, Balkh, Bamyan, Farah, Faryab, Ghazni, Herat, Kabul, Logar, Wardak, Parwan, Samangan, Takhar); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira); China (Xinjiang); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Quetta, Chitral, Drosh)
32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM 34 AFG IRN IRQ SYR TUR 36 CHI 40 PAK
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana olivieri (Griseb.) Zuev; (1992)
= Gentiana olivieri var. aucheri Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 110 (1845)
= Gentiana regeliana Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 60 (1918)
= Gentiana weschniakowii Regel; Act. Hort. Petrop. 8: 687 (1884)
= Gentianodes olivieri (Griseb.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 18 (1988)
= Tretorhiza olivieri (Griseb.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana orbicularis
Schur; Verh. Siebenb. Ver. Naturw. 3: 88 (1852)
Name: Rundblättriger Enzian (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Slovakia; SE-France; N-Italy; Slovenia; Romania; Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
11 AUT GER LIE SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA ROM SLV 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Calathiana orbicularis (Schur) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 169 (1973)
= Gentiana brachyphylla subsp. favratii (Rittener) Tutin; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 378 (1971)
= Gentiana brachyphylla var. subacaulis Gremli; Neue Beitr. Fl. Schweiz 4: 22 (1887)
= Gentiana favratii (Rittener) Favrat; Bull. Murith. Soc. Valais. Sci. Nat. 13-15: 62 (1887)
= Gentiana verna subsp. favratii (Rittener) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 858 (1938)
= Gentiana verna var. favratii Rittener; Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat. 22: 198, t. 53 ff. 1-2 (1887)
= Gentiana verna var. hinterhuberi F.W.Schultz; A. Sauter, Fl. Herzogth. Salzburg 2: 73 (1879)
species :
Gentiana oreocharis
Halda & Jurásek; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 19(3-4): 69 (2012)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Gentiana oreodoxa
Harry Sm.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. 63: 99 (1926)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan, SW-Sichuan); SE-Tibet; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim); NE-Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana sino-ornata var. punctata C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 84 (1931)
species :
Gentiana ornata
(Wall. ex G.Don) Griseb.; Gen. & Sp. Gent. 277 (1839), descr.
Distribution: S-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim); NE-Myanmar
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana ornata Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 4386 (1831) (nomen)
= Gentianodes ornata (D.Don) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125: 257 (1972), no basionym ref.
= Pneumonanthe ornata Wall. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 194 (1837)
species :
Gentiana ovatiloba
Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 60 (1893)
subspecies :
subsp. ovatiloba
Distribution: Mexico (Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Mexico State, Michoacan, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Veracruz); Guatemala
79 MEX 80 GUA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana caespitosa M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Brux. 11: I. (1844) 370 (non Willd. ex Schult. 1819)
= Gentiana guatemalensis Standl. & Steyerm.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23: 75 (1944)
= Gentiana lewisiae Standl. & Steyerm.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23: 76 (1944)
subspecies :
subsp. chazaroi
(Iltis) T.N.Ho; A Worldwide Monograph of Gentiana: 298 (2001)
Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Sinaloa)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana chazaroi Iltis; Acta Bot. Mex. 26: 1 (1994)
subspecies :
subsp. michoacana
Villarreal; Acta Bot. Mex. 41: 27 (1997)
Distribution: Mexico (Michoacan)
79 MEX
species :
Gentiana pachyphylla
Merr.; Not. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. No. 47, 7 (1940)
Distribution: N-Sumatra
42 SUM
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana pannonica
Scop.; Fl. Carn. ed. 2, 1: 182 (1771)
Name: Braunvioletter Enzian, "Ungarn"-Enzian (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); NE-Switzerland; Austria; SW-Czech Republic; Italy; Slovenia
11 AUT CZE GER SWI 13 ITA SLV
Remarks: Sect. Lutea
Synonyms: hidden
= Coilantha pannonica (Scop.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 185 (1837)
= Gentiana pannonica var. ronnigeri Dörfl.; (1897)
= Gentiana pannonica var. semifida (Hoffmanns.) Rchb.; XLI (1833)
= Gentiana punctata Jacq.; Observ. Bot. 2: 17 (1767), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana punctata subsp. pannonica (Scop.) Bonnier; Bonnier & R. C. V. Douin, 114 (1924)
= Gentiana purpurea Schrank; Baier. Fl. 1: 509 (1789), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana purpurea var. pannonica (Scop.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 275 (1828)
= Gentiana semifida Hoffmanns. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 1: 428 (1831)
= Pneumonanthe pannonica (Scop.) F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 9 (1796)
species :
Gentiana panthaica
Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 313 (1906)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana reynieri H.Lév.; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 25: 22 (1915)
= Gentiana robustior Burkill ex Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 7: 196 (1912)
= Gentianella robustior (Burkill ex Diels) Holub; Folia Geobot. & Phytotax. Praha 2: 118 (1967)
variant :
var. epichysantha
(Hand.-Mazz.) Harry Sm.; Symb. Sin. 7: 966 (1936)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan, SW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana dentiformis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 20 (1984)
= Gentiana epichysantha Hand.-Mazz.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien 57: 173 (1920)
species :
Gentiana papillosa
Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 31: 374 (1884)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, C-Yunnan, NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana paradoxa
Albov; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 3: 230 (1894), et Prodr. Fl. Colch. 173 (1895)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]
33 GEO NCS
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana paradoxa (Albov) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Gentiana rhodocalyx Kolak.; Trans. Sukhumi Bot. Gard., Fasc. 8, 401 (1955)
= Gentiana vittae Kolak.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 15: 19 (1953)
= Kudoa paradoxa (Albov) Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 23: 205 (1933)
species :
Gentiana parryae
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 86 (1931) (non Engelm. 1863)
Distribution: India (Assam, Mizoram)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana nudicaulis var. assamensis T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38(1): 11 (2000), nom. nov.
species :
Gentiana parryi
Engelm.; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 2: 218. t. 10 (1863)
Name: Parry´s gentian
Distribution: USA (Colorado, Utah, Wyoming)
73 USA 76 USA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana parryi (Engelm.) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 149 (1906)
= Gentiana bracteosa Greene; Pittonia 4: 180 (1900)
= Gentiana parryi var. bracteosa A.Nelson; Coult. & Nels., Man. Bot. Rocky Mt., ed. 2: 382 (1909)
= Pneumonanthe bracteosa (Greene) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)
= Pneumonanthe parryi (Engelm.) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)
species :
Gentiana parvula
Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 961 (1936)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana pedata
Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 967 (1936)
subspecies :
subsp. pedata
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NE-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
subspecies :
subsp. xingrenensis
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 36 (1995)
Distribution: China (Guizhou)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana xingrenensis T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 370 (1994)
species :
Gentiana pedicellata
(Wall. ex D.Don) Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent. 273 (1838)
subspecies :
subsp. pedicellata
Distribution: China (W-Yunnan, Guizhou); SW-Tibet; Pakistan (Chitral, Swat, Hazara); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); N-Myanmar (Kachin); N-Thailand; Laos
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 LAO MYA THA
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ericoila pedicellata D.Don; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 514 (1837)
= Ericoila procumbens D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 192 (1837)
= Gentiana orbiculata B.Heyne ex Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 4395 (1831), nom. inval.
= Gentiana pedicellata var. orbiculata C.B.Clarke; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 435 (1875)
= Gentiana pedicellata var. wallichii Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 402 (1898)
= Gentiana pedicellata Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 4394 (1830), nomen
= Gentiana pumila Griff.; Ic. Pl. Asiat.: t. 384 (1854), nom. illeg., non Gouan
= Gentiana quadrifaria var. pilosula C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 112 (1883)
= Gentianodes pedicellata (Wall. ex D.Don) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 14 (1988)
subspecies :
subsp. glabriuscula
(Harry Sm. ex T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 38 (1995)
Distribution: S-Tibet; Bhutan
36 TIB 40 BHU
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana glabriuscula Harry Sm. ex T.N.Ho; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 58 (1993)
subspecies :
subsp. zeylanica
(Griseb.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 38 (1995)
Distribution: S-India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka
40 IND SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana quadrifaria var. zeylanica (Griseb.) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S. Peterburgsk Bot. Sada 15: 403 (1904)
= Gentiana zeylanica Griseb.; Gen. et Sp. Gent. 274 (1839)
species :
Gentiana penetii
(Litard. & Maire) Romo; Lagascalia, 15(Extra): 288 (1988)
Distribution: Morocco (High Atlas)
20 MOR
Remarks: Sect. Calathianae. Often included in G. sierrae
Synonyms: hidden
= Calathiana penetii (Litard. & Maire) Holub; Preslia 70(2): 101 (1998)
= Gentiana verna subsp. penetii Litard. & Maire; Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 4: 14 (1924)
species :
Gentiana pennelliana
Fernald; Rhodora 42: 198 (1940)
Name: Wiregrass gentian
Distribution: USA (Florida)
78 USA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe. Often included as subspecies in G. autumnalis
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana tenuifolia (Raf.) Pennell; Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 46: 183 (1919)
= Diploma tenuifolia Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 27 (1837)
= Gentiana angustifolia var. australis Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 114 (1845)
= Gentiana angustifolia var. floridana Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent. 291 (1839)
= Gentiana autumnalis subsp. pennelliana (Fernald) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov. Sect. Not. 3(1): 18 (1995)
= Gentiana frigida var. drummondii Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 111 (1845)
= Gentiana tenuifolia (Raf.) Fernald; Rhodora 41: 557 (1939), nom. illeg.
species :
Gentiana perpusilla
Brandegee; Zoe 5: 181 (1904)
Distribution: Mexico (Mexico State, Veracruz)
79 MEX
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana phyllocalyx
C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 116 (1883)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim); N-Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Phyllocalyx
species :
Gentiana piasezkii
Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Petersb. 26: 498 (1880)
Distribution: China (SE-Gansu, N-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Varasia piasezkii (Maxim.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Gentiana piasezkii subsp. pubicaulis (Harry Sm.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 41 (1995)
= Gentiana pubicaulis Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 960 (1936)
species :
Gentiana picta
Franch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 131 (1890)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Microsperma
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentianodes picta (Franch. ex Hemsl.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
species :
Gentiana platypetala
Griseb.; Hook., Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 58 (1837)
Name: Broadpetal gentian
Distribution: Alaska (incl. Sitka Isl.); Canada (British Columbia)
70 ASK 71 CDN
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana covillei A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.; Bot. Gaz. 65: 65 (1918)
= Pneumonanthe platypetala (Griseb.) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)
species :
Gentiana plurisetosa
C.T.Mason; Madroño 37(4): 289 (1990 publ. 1991)
Name: Bristly gentian
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
species :
Gentiana pneumonanthe
L.; Sp. Pl. 228 (1753)
Name: Lungen-Enzian (DE)
Distribution: England; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Netherlands; Belgium; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; ?Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); N-Kazakhstan; Georgia [Caucasus]; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia
10 DEN GRB NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE NET POL SLO SWI 12 FRA POR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ 33 ARM GEO
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis pneumonanthe (L.) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 26 (1796)
= Ciminalis pseudopneumonanthe Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Gentian.): 11 (1824)
= Ciminalis vulgaris Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Gentian.): 10 (1824)
= Dasystephana pneumonanthe (L.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Dasystephana pneumonanthe (L.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 75(9): 1300 (1990), isonym
= Gentiana adrianii Sennen & Elías; Bol. Soc. Ibér. Ci. Nat. 29: 38 (1930)
= Gentiana conae Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 18 (1995) (nom. nov. superfl. for subsp. depressa)
= Gentiana depressa Bourg. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 3: 499 (1881)
= Gentiana linearifolia Lam.; Fl. Fr. 2: 298 (1778)
= Gentiana linifolia Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 137 (1796)
= Gentiana macrocarpophora St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 126 (1880)
= Gentiana manginii Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 73: 658 (1926 publ. 1927)
= Gentiana nopcsae Jáv.; Bot. Közlem. 19: 28 (1921)
= Gentiana palustris St.-Lag.; A. Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8 2: 584 (1889), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana pneumonanthe f. albiflora (Murr) Hegi; 2001 (1927)
= Gentiana pneumonanthe f. diffusa (Griseb.) Bolzon; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 20: 313 (1913)
= Gentiana pneumonanthe f. roseiflora (Zinserl.) Hegi; 2001 (1927)
= Gentiana pneumonanthe subsp. depressa (Boiss.) Malag.; Las Subesp. y Variac. Geogr.: 13 (1973), without basionym date
= Gentiana pneumonanthe subsp. depressa (Boiss.) Rivas Mart.et al.; Rivasgodaya 6: 35 (1991)
= Gentiana pneumonanthe subsp. nopscae (Jáv.) Wraber; Biol. Vestn. 38(3): 42 (1990)
= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. aloyana Merino; Fl. Galicia 2: 13 (1906)
= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. ascendens F.W.Schmidt ex Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 251 (1809)
= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. boryana Webb; Iter Hispan.: 28 (1838)
= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. depressa Boiss.; Elench. Pl. Nov.: 64 (1838)
= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. diffusa Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 282 (1839)
= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. elliptica Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig: 258 (1830)
= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. humilior Roth; Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 796 (1827)
= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. latifolia Lecoq & Lamotte; Cat. Pl. Plateau Central: 271 (1847)
= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. minor Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 276 (1804)
= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. nutans Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig: 258 (1830)
= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. queipoi Merino; Fl. Galicia 3: 569 (1909)
= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. reyesii Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 8: 130 (1909)
= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. roseiflora Zinserl.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R. S. F. S. R. 4(23-24): 192 (1923)
= Gentiana pneumonanthoides Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 457 (1866)
= Gentiana pneumonanthoides Wender.; Schrift. Ges. Bef. Gesammt. Naturw. Marb. 2: 249 (1831) ex Steud., Nom. ed. II. 1: 675 (1840)
= Gentiana reyesii Sennen & Elías; Bol. Soc. Ibér. Ci. Nat. 29: 38 (1930)
= Gentianusa pneumonanthe (L.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 251 (1809)
= Lexipyretum pneumonanthe (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 451 (1867)
= Pneumonanthe angustifolia Gilib.; Fl. Lithuan. 1: 84 (1781), opus utique oppr.
= Pneumonanthe ascendens F.W.Schmidt ex Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 251 (1809), nom. inval.
= Pneumonanthe minor Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 28 (1837)
= Pneumonanthe vulgaris (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)
= Tretorrhiza pneumonanthe (L.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; (1986)
species :
Gentiana praeclara
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 54 (1928)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Microsperma
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentianodes praeclara (C.Marquand) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125: 257 (1972)
species :
Gentiana praticola
Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 489 (1896)
subspecies :
subsp. praticola
Distribution: China (Guizhou, Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana congestiflora Marquand ex Wilkie; Gentians, 151 (1936), nomen subnud.
subspecies :
subsp. greenwayae
(Merr.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 48 (1995)
Distribution: Thailand; Vietnam
41 THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana greenwayae Merr.; J. Arnold Arbor. 21: 382 (1940)
species :
Gentiana prattii
Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 63 (1893), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 245 (1894)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Varasia prattii (Kusn.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana pringlei
M.Shabir, P.Agnihotri, J.K.Tiwari & T.Husain; Taiwania 63(4): 356 (2018)
Distribution: NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)
40 IND
species :
Gentiana producta
T.N.Ho; Bull. Bot. Res. North-East. Forest. Inst. 4(1): 80 (1984)
Distribution: China (S-Qinghai, N-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa
species :
Gentiana prolata
Balf.f.; Trans. Bot. Soc. Edin. 27: 266 (1918)
Distribution: SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, Chumbi, Assam)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
species :
Gentiana prostrata
Haenke; Jacq., Collect. Bot. 2: 66 (1789)
subspecies :
subsp. prostrata
Name: Niederliegender Enzian (DE), Pygmy gentian (EN)
Distribution: Switzerland; Austria; NE-Italy; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Magadan); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Azerbaijan; Iran (SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Baghlan, Bamyan, Parwan, Takhar); China (Xinjiang); Mongolia; NE-Pakistan (Karakorum); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand); Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Northern Territories, Yukon); USA (California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Wyoming)
11 AUT SWI 13 ITA 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK 33 AZE 34 AFG IRN 36 CHI 37 MON 40 IND PAK 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA
Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa
Synonyms: hidden
= Chondrophylla americana (Engelm.) A.Nelson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 31: 245 (1904)
= Chondrophylla prostrata (Haenke) J.P.Anderson; Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci. 25: 445 (1918)
= Ciminalis prostrata (Haenke) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128(4): 517 (1975 publ. 1976)
= Ericala prostrata (Haenke) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 190 (1837)
= Ericoila prostrata (Haenke) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 27 (1796)
= Gentiana prostrata subsp. americana (Engelm.) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 20 (1982)
= Gentiana prostrata var. affghanica Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 370 (1904)
= Gentiana prostrata var. americana Engelm.; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 2: 217, tab. 9, fig. 10-15 (1863)
= Gentianusa flava Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 254 (1809)
= Hippion imbricatum F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boem. 1: 18 (1793)
= Hippion prostratum (Haenke) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 11 (1796)
= Hippion pumilum F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10, 17 (1796)
= Varasia prostrata (Haenke) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
variant :
var. crenulatotruncata
C.Marquand; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 48: 205 (1929)
Distribution: SE-Tibet
36 TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana crenulatotruncata (C.Marquand) T.N.Ho; Fl. Xizangica 3: 962 (1986)
= Gentiana crenulatotruncata var. flava S.K.Wu & R.F.Huang; S. G. Wu (S. K. Wu) & Z. J. Feng (eds.), Biol. & Human Physiol. Hoh Xil Region: 74 (1996)
= Gentiana prostrata var. bilobata C.Marquand; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 48: 205 (1929)
variant :
var. karelinii
(Griseb.) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 368 (1904)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai); Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (N-Xinjiang); Mongolia; NE-Pakistan (Karakorum); Nepal; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim)
30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 36 CHI 37 MON 40 IND NEP PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis karelinii (Griseb.) Omer; Edinburgh J. Bot. 50(1): 67 (1993), isonym
= Ciminalis karelinii (Griseb.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 75: 1302 (1990)
= Gentiana aquatica var. karelinii (Griseb.) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 110 (1883)
= Gentiana karelinii Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 106 (1845)
= Gentiana longipes Turcz.; Vestn. Estestv. Nauk Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir. 1860: 1246 (1860)
= Gentiana variabilis Rupr.; Osten & Rupr., Sert. Tiansch.: 60 (1869)
= Varasia karelinii (Griseb.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
variant :
var. ludlowii
(C.Marquand) T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 371 (1994)
Distribution: China (W-Qinghai); S-Tibet; Nepal
36 CHI TIB 40 NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana ludlowii C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 189 (1937)
variant :
var. pudica
(Maxim.) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 370 (1898)
Distribution: China (N-Sichuan, Qinghai, Gansu, Shanxi)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana pudica Maxim.; Mel. Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Petersbourg 10: 677 (1880)
subspecies :
subsp. nutans
(Bunge) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 33 (1995)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai); Kazakhstan; Mongolia
30 SIB 32 KAZ 37 MON
Synonyms: hidden
= Chondrophylla nutans (Bunge) W.A.Weber; Phytologia 58(6): 383 (1985)
= Ericoila nutans (Bunge) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 192 (1837)
= Gentiana nutans Bunge; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 1: 232 (1829)
= Varasia nutans (Bunge) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana pseudosquarrosa
Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 963 (1936)
subspecies :
subsp. pseudosquarrosa
Distribution: China (SW-Qinghai, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
subspecies :
subsp. ludingensis
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 41 (1995)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana ludingensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 29 (1984)
species :
Gentiana puberulenta
J.S.Pringle; Rhodora 68: 213 (1966)
Name: Downy gentian
Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, Ontario, Saskatchewan); USA (Arkansas, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Tennessee, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana linearis Alph.Wood; Amer. Bot. Fl.: 268 (1870), nom. illeg.
species :
Gentiana pubigera
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 59 (1928)
subspecies :
subsp. pubigera
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana puberula Franch.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 132 (1890), nom. illeg. nec Michx. (1803)
variant :
var. glabrescens
Harry Sm.; Symb. Sin. 7: 961 (1936)
Distribution: China (S-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana ninglangensis var. glabrescens (Harry Sm.) T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 371 (1994)
subspecies :
subsp. ninglangensis
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 40, 44 (1995)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana ninglangensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 37 (1984)
subspecies :
subsp. pubiflora
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 40, 44 (1995)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana pubiflora T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 36 (1984)
species :
Gentiana pulvinarum
W.W.Sm.; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 7: 77 (1911)
subspecies :
subsp. pulvinarum
Distribution: Nepal; N-India (Sikkim)
40 IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana pentasticta Marquand; J. Roy. Hort. Soc. 57: 211 (1932)
subspecies :
subsp. subtilis
(Harry Sm.) T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 371 (1994)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana subtilis Harry Sm.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. 63: 103 (1926)
species :
Gentiana pumila
Jacq.; Enum. Stirp. Vindob. 41, 215 (1762)
subspecies :
subsp. pumila
Distribution: Austria; NE-Italy; Slovenia
11 AUT 13 ITA SLV
Remarks: Sect. Calathianae
Synonyms: hidden
= Calathiana pumila (Jacq.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 169 (1973)
= Ericala pumila (Jacq.) G.Don; Gen. Syst. 4: 189 (1796)
= Ericoila pumila (Jacq.) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 27 (1796)
= Erythraea pumila (Jacq.) Grande; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 31: 133 (1924), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana imbricata Willk.; Exsicc. (Pl. Hisp.) 1850: no. 290 (1850), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana verna subsp. pumila (Jacq.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 473 (1882)
= Gentiana verna subsp. pumila (Jacq.) Malag.; Las Subesp. y Variac. Geogr.: 13 (1973), without basionym date
= Gonipia pumila (Jacq.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 24 (1837)
= Ricoila pumila (Jacq.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 23 (1837)
subspecies :
subsp. delphinensis
(Beauverd) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. Fr. 857 (1938)
Distribution: France; ?Italy (SW-Alps, E-Pyrenees)
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Calathiana delphinensis (Beauverd) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 9(3): 272 (1974)
= Calathiana verna subsp. delphinensis (Beauverd) Holub; Preslia 70(2): 101 (1998)
= Gentiana delphinensis Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, sér. 2, 25: 314 (1932-1933 publ. 1934)
= Gentiana pumila Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauph. 2: 527 (1787), non Jacq.
= Gentiana verna subsp. delphinensis (Beauverd) Kunz; Exsicc. Genav. Conserv. Bot. Distrib. Fasc. 2: 23 (1971)
= Gentiana verna var. villarsiana Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 264 (1908)
species :
Gentiana pumilio
Standl. & Steyerm.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23: 76 (1944)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas); Guatemala
79 MEX 80 GUA
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana punctata
L.; Sp. Pl. 227 (1753)
Name: Tüpfel-Enzian, Punktierter Enzian (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; France; Italy; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; NW-Greece (very rare Mt. Grammos, Mt. Varnounda, Mt. Voras); W-Ukraine
11 AUT CZE GER LIE POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS NMA ROM SRB 14 UKR
Remarks: Sect. Lutea
Synonyms: hidden
= Coilantha campanulata (Jacq.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 185 (1837)
= Coilantha punctata (L.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 185 (1837)
= Dasystephana punctata (L.) Borkh.; Roem. Archiv 1: t. 26 (1796)
= Gentiana campanulata Jacq.; Fl. Austriac. [Jacquin] 5: 43 (1778)
= Gentiana immaculata Pers. ex Steud.; Syn. 1: 284 (1841)
= Gentiana punctata f. angustifolia Lebert; 42 (1834)
= Gentiana punctata f. concolor (W.D.J.Koch) Hegi; (1994 publ. 1927)
= Gentiana punctata f. latifolia Lebert; 42 (1834)
= Gentiana punctata f. purpurascens Vacc. & Melly; Melly, 54 (1906)
= Gentiana punctata var. campanulata (Jacq.) Rchb.; XLI (1833)
= Gentiana punctata var. concolor W.D.J.Koch; 487 (1837)
= Gentiana punctata var. purpurascens (Vacc. & Melly) Hegi; (1994 publ. 1927)
= Gentiana purpurea Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 2: 523 (1787), nom. illeg.
= Gentianusa punctata (L.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 249 (1809)
= Lexipyretum punctatum (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 451 (1867)
= Pneumonanthe campanulata (Jacq.) F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 9 (1796)
= Pneumonanthe campestris F.W.Schmidt ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 357 (1841), nom. inval.
= Pneumonanthe punctata (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 9 (1796)
species :
Gentiana purpurea
L.; Sp. Pl. 227 (1753)
Name: Purpur-Enzian (DE)
Distribution: S-Norway; Germany (Baden-Württemberg [I], Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; France; Italy
10 NOR 11 AUT GER LIE SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA
Remarks: Sect. Lutea
Synonyms: hidden
= Coilantha purpurea (L.) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 25 (1796)
= Gentiana purpurea f. basifolia Lebert; 41 (1834)
= Gentiana purpurea f. caulifolia Lebert; 41 (1834)
= Gentiana purpurea f. flavida (Gremli) Braun-Blanq.; 1096 (1934)
= Gentiana purpurea var. lutea Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 275 (1828)
= Gentiana purpurea var. nana Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 297 (1839)
= Gentianusa purpurea (L.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 249 (1809)
= Pneumonanthe purpurea (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 9 (1796)
species :
Gentiana pyrenaica
L.; Mantissa 55 (1767)
Distribution: NE-Spain (E-Pyrenees); Andorra; SW-France
12 ADO FRA SPA
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis pyrenaica (L.) Zuev; Turczaninowia 22(3): 146 (2019)
= Diploma pyrenaica (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 19 (1837)
= Ericala pyrenaica (L.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)
= Ericoila pyrenaica (L.) Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 27 (1796)
= Hippion pyrenaicum (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10, 14 (1796)
= Holubia pyrenaica (L.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; An. Inst. Bot. A. J. Cavanilles 32(2): 226 (1975), genus homonym
= Holubogentia pyrenaica (L.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 131(3): 385 (1978)
= Lexipyretum pyrenaicum (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 451 (1867)
= Varasia pyrenaica (L.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz.(Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana qiujiangensis
T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 17 (1984)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana quadrifaria
Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 847 (1826)
Distribution: Taiwan; India (Assam, Jammu & Kashmir, Kerala, Meghalaya, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Myanmar (Kachin, Mandalay); Laos; Philippines (Luzon, Negros, Mindanao); Java
38 TAI 40 IND 41 LAO MYA 42 JAW PHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ericoila orbiculata G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 193 (1837)
= Ericoila procumbens G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 192 (1837)
= Ericoila quadrifaria (Blume) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 190 (1837)
= Gentiana abscondita Zenker; Pl. Ind.: 11 (1835)
= Gentiana laxicaulis Zoll. & Moritzi; Nat. en Geneesk. Arch. Neerl. Indie 2: 568 (1845)
= Gentiana luzoniensis var. tarokensis (Chih H.Chen & J.C.Wang) T.N.Ho; A Worldwide Monograph of Gentiana: 344 (2001)
= Gentiana pedicellata var. wightii Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 401 (1904)
= Gentiana quadrifaria f. intermedia Hochr.; Candollea 2: 513 (1925)
= Gentiana quadrifaria var. wightii (Kusn.) T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38(1): 11 (2000)
= Gentiana tarokensis Chih H.Chen & J.C.Wang; Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. (Taipei) 40(1): 29 (1999)
= Varasia quadrifaria (Blume) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana querceticola
Halda & Jurásek; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 19(3-4): 61 (2012)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Gentiana radiata
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 87 (1931)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana radicans
Harry Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 26: 250 (1965)
Distribution: E-Nepal
40 NEP
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
species :
Gentiana ranae
M.Shabir & M.D.Dwivedi; Rheedea 32(1): 4 (2022)
Distribution: N-India (Himachal Pradesh)
40 IND
species :
Gentiana recurvata
C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 110 (1883)
subspecies :
subsp. recurvata
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; W-Nepal; N-India (Sikkim, Chumbi); NE-Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Varasia recurvata (C.B.Clarke) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
subspecies :
subsp. prainii
(Burkill) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 40 (1995)
Distribution: S-Tibet; Bhutan; India (Sikkim)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana gracilenta T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 32 (1984)
= Gentiana prainii Burkill; J. Bot. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 317 (1906)
species :
Gentiana rickii
Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 6(3): 234 (1999)
Distribution: USA (Washington State)
73 USA
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Gentiana riparia
Kar. & Kir.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou (1841) 706 [bis]
subspecies :
subsp. riparia
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); SE-Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Iran (SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Bamyan, Ghazni, Kunar / Nuristan, Logar, Paktia / Khost, Parwan); China (Gansu, Xinjiang); Tibet; Mongolia; Pakistan; NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim)
30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 40 IND PAK
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis riparia (Kar. & Kir.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 70(7): 921 (1985)
= Gentiana aquatica Froel.; Gentiana: 77 (1796), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana ledebourii Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 1: 425 (1831)
= Varasia riparia (Kar. & Kir.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
subspecies :
subsp. daochengensis
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 39 (1995)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana daochengensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 44 (1984)
species :
Gentiana robusta
King ex Hook.f.; Ic. Pl. 15: 31, t. 1439 (1883)
Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; Nepal; N-India (Sikkim, Chumbi)
36 TIB 40 IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana lhaguensis F.K.Ward; Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 95: 263 (1934)
= Gentiana lhakangensis C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 184 (1937)
= Gentiana pharica Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 310 (1906)
= Gentiana tibetica var. robusta (King ex Hook.f.) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 323 (1904)
species :
Gentiana rostanii
Reut. ex Verlot; Cat. Pl. Dauph. 242 (1872)
Distribution: SE-France; NW-Italy
12 FRA 13 ITA
Remarks: Sect. Calathianae
Synonyms: hidden
= Calathiana rostanii (Reut. ex Verlot) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8: 170 (1973)
= Gentiana bavarica subsp. rostanii (Reut. ex Verlot) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 8: 858 (1938)
= Gentiana bavarica subsp. rostanii (Verl.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 263 (1908)
species :
Gentiana rubicunda
Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 31: 373 (1884), et Nouv. Archiv. Mus. Paris, ser. II, 10: 62 (1888)
subspecies :
subsp. rubicunda
Distribution: China (SE-Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Jiangxi)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Varasia rubicunda (Franch.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Gentiana bodinieri H.Lév.; Bull. Geogr. Bot. 25: 22 (1915)
variant :
var. purpurata
(Maxim. ex Kusn.) T.N.Ho; Fl. Reipubl. Pop. Sin. 62: 178 (1988)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana purpurata Maxim. ex Kusn.; Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 34: 506 (1892), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 251 (1894)
= Gentiana rubicunda subsp. purpurata (Maxim. ex Kusn.) Harry Sm.; (1936)
= Varasia purpurata (Maxim. ex Kusn.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
subspecies :
subsp. biloba
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 42 (1995)
Distribution: China (E-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana bellidifolia Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 486 (1896), nom. illeg., non Hook.f.
= Gentiana rubicunda var. bellidifolia C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 172 (1937)
= Gentiana rubicunda var. biloba T.N.Ho; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 62: 178 (1988)
subspecies :
subsp. delicata
(Hance) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 42 (1995)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana delicata Hance; J. Bot. 21: 324 (1883)
= Gentiana rubicunda var. delicata (Hance) C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 172 (1937)
subspecies :
subsp. filisepala
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 42 (1995)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana filisepala T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 21 (1984)
subspecies :
subsp. samolifolia
(Franch.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 42 (1995)
Distribution: China (W-Hubei, E-Sichuan, Hunan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana rubicunda var. samolifolia (Franch.) C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 172 (1937)
= Gentiana samolifolia Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 485 (1896)
species :
Gentiana rubricaulis
Schwein.; Long, Exped. Winnep. 2: 384 (1824)
Name: Closed gentian
Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario); USA (Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin)
71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana grayi (Kusn.) Britton; Britton & Brown, Ill. Fl. Ed. 2, 3: 13 (1913)
= Gentiana grayi Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 59 (1893)
= Gentiana linearis f. rubricaulis (Schwein.) Louis-Marie; Rev. Oka Agron. Inst. Agric. 34: 11 (1960)
= Gentiana linearis subsp. rubricaulis (Schwein.) J.M.Gillett; Gentians Canada, Alaska Greenland 22 (1964)
= Gentiana linearis var. lanceolata A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 123 (1878)
= Gentiana linearis var. latifolia A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 22: 309 (1887)
= Gentiana linearis var. rubricaulis (Schwein.) MacMill.; Metasp. Minnesota Valley 419 (1892)
= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. rubricaulis (Schwein.) Alph.Wood; Class-book Bot., ed. 2a: 453 (1847)
species :
Gentiana saginoides
Burkill; J. Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 2: 318 (1906)
Distribution: NW-India (Uttarakhand)
40 IND
species :
Gentiana saltuum
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 55 (1928)
Distribution: N-Myanmar
41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana saponaria
L.; Sp. Pl. 228 (1753)
Name: Harvestbells
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia)
74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis saponaria (L.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Rostl. 1: Gentian. 11 (1823)
= Cuttera saponaria (L.) Raf.; Med. Repos. N. York 5: 352 (1808)
= Dasystephana cherokeensis W.P.Lemmon; Bartonia, No. 17, 4 (1935 publ. 1936)
= Dasystephana latifolia (Chapm.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 930 (1903)
= Dasystephana puberula (Michx.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 930 (1903) as to type, non sensu Small
= Dasystephana saponaria (L.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 930 (1903)
= Gentiana axillaris Raf.; Med. Fl. 1: 213 (1828), nom. illeg., non Poir. ex Lam.
= Gentiana cherokeensis (W.P.Lemmon) Fernald; Rhodora 41: 487 (1939)
= Gentiana collinsiana Raf.; Med. Fl. 1: 213 (1828)
= Gentiana elliottea Raf.; Med. Fl. 1: 212 (1828)
= Gentiana elliottii var. latifolia Chapm.; Fl. South. U.S.: 356 (1860)
= Gentiana fimbriata Vahl; Symb. Bot. 3: 46 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana gracilis Raf.; Med. Fl. 1: 213 (1828) non Nees
= Gentiana latifolia (Chapm.) Britton; Man. Fl. N. States, ed. 3: 1085 (1907), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana latifolia Britton; Man. Fl. N. States, ed. 3: 1085 (1907), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana ochroleuca Muhl.; Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept.: 29 (1813), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana puberula Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 176 (1803) as to type, non sensu Small
= Gentiana rigida Raf.; Med. Fl. 1: 212 (1828)
= Gentiana saponaria var. alba Regel; Gartenflora 29: 195 (1880)
= Gentiana saponaria var. allegheniensis Jenn.; Castanea 12: 57 (1947)
= Gentiana saponarifolia Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 2: 51 (1812)
= Gentiana scaberrima Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 13: 59 (1893)
= Gentiana shortiana Raf.; Med. Fl. 1: 211 (1828)
= Gentiana shortiana var. biflora Raf.; Med. Fl. 1: 211 (1828)
= Gentiana torreyana Raf.; Med. Fl. 1: 212 (1828)
= Pneumonanthe latifolia (Small) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)
= Pneumonanthe michauxii G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 194 (1837)
= Pneumonanthe puberula (Michx.) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)
= Pneumonanthe rigida (Raf.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 28 (1837)
= Pneumonanthe saponaria (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 68 (1796)
= Pneumonanthe torreyana (Raf.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 28 (1837)
= Xolemia collinsiana (Raf.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)
= Xolemia elliotea (Raf.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)
= Xolemia shortiana (Raf.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)
= Xolemia trachiloma Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)
species :
Gentiana sasidharanii
K.M.P.Kumar & Sunil; Phytotaxa 443(3): 295 (2020)
Distribution: S-India (Kerala)
40 IND
species :
Gentiana satsunanensis
T.Yamaz.; J. Jap. Bot. 77(1): 37 (2002)
Distribution: Ryukyu Isl.
38 NNS
species :
Gentiana scabra
Bunge; Verz. Alt. 21 (1835)
Distribution: Siberia (Chita); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye); China (Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Nei Mongol, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangxi, Guangdong); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Kyushu); Taiwan
30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO TAI
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana scabra (Bunge) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Dasystephana scabra (Bunge) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 75(9): 1300 (1990), isonym
= Gentiana fortunei Hook.; Bot. Mag. 80: t. 4776 (1854)
= Gentiana iseana Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 4: 8 (1927)
= Gentiana scabra f. alborosea N.Yonez.; J. Phytogeogr. Taxon. 33: 81 (1985)
= Gentiana scabra f. latifolia Kusn.; Trudy S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Otd. Bot. 24: 74 (1894)
= Gentiana scabra subsp. australis M.Y.Liou; Bull. Bot. Res. North-East. Forest. Inst. 1(3): 68 (1981)
= Gentiana scabra var. bungeana Kusn.; Mélanges Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 15: 220 (1898)
= Gentiana scabra var. fortunei Maxim.; Mélanges Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 12: 759 (1888)
variant :
var. buergeri
(Miq.) Maxim. ex Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 449 (1877)
Distribution: Japan (Kyushu)
38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana buergeri Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 124 (1867)
= Gentiana saxatilis (Honda) Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 43: 191 (1929)
= Gentiana scabra f. angustifolia Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24: 78 (1894)
= Gentiana scabra f. procumbens Toyok.; J. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ., ser. 5, Bot. 7: 241 (1963)
= Gentiana scabra f. saxatilis (Honda) Masam.; Sci. Rep. Kanazawa Univ., Biol. 3: 322 (1955)
= Gentiana scabra f. stenophylla (H.Hara) Ohwi; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33: 83 (1953)
= Gentiana scabra f. stenophylla (H.Hara) W.K.Paik & W.Lee; Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 25(3): 21 (1995), isonym
= Gentiana scabra subvar. angustifolia Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 10: 313 (1896), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana scabra subvar. orientalis (H.Hara) Toyok.; J. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ., ser. 5, Bot. 7: 241 (1963)
= Gentiana scabra subvar. saxatilis Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 42: 508 (1928)
= Gentiana scabra var. intermedia Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 3, Otd. Bot. 24: 77 (1894)
= Gentiana scabra var. orientalis H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 133 (1948)
= Gentiana scabra var. stenophylla H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 134 (1948)
= Gentiana sino-ornata f. saxatilis (Honda) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46: 608 (1932)
= Gentiana subpetiolata Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 47: 434 (1933)
variant :
var. kitadakensis
(N.Yonez.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 20 (1995)
Distribution: Japan (Honshu)
38 JAP
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana kitadakensis N.Yonez.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 40(1-4): 7 (1989)
= Gentiana scabra f. kitadakensis (N.Yonez.) Toyok.; Fl. Japan, 3a: 150 (1993)
= Gentiana scabra var. kitadakensis (N.Yonez.) T.Shimizu; Fl. Nagano Pref : 1509 (1997) (isonym)
species :
Gentiana scabrida
Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 25: Art. 19, 168 (1908)
subspecies :
subsp. scabrida
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana scabrida var. punctulata S.S.Ying; Alp. Pl. Taiwan in Color 2: 215 (1978)
subspecies :
subsp. horaimontana
(Masam.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 39, 42 (1995)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana horaimontana Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 26: 56 (1936)
= Gentiana scabrida var. horaimontana (Masam.) T.S.Liu & Chin C.Kuo; Bull. Exp. Forest Nation. Taiwan Univ., 114: 188 (1974)
subspecies :
subsp. itzershanensis
(T.S.Liu & Chin C.Kuo) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 39, 43 (1995)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana itzershanensis T.S.Liu & Chin C.Kuo; Bull. Exp. Forest Nation. Taiwan Univ., 114: 181 (1974)
subspecies :
subsp. luzoniensis
(Merr.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 39 (1995)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana luzoniensis Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 1(Suppl.): 224 (1906)
species :
Gentiana sceptrum
Griseb.; Hook., Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 57, t. 145 (1837)
Name: King´s scepter gentian
Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Oregon, Washington State)
71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana menziesii (Griseb.) Arthur; Torreya, 1919 19: 49
= Gentiana menziesii Griseb.; Gen. et Sp. Gent. 292 (1837)
= Gentiana orfordii Howell; Fl. N. W. Amer. [Howell] 1: 446 (1901)
= Gentiana sceptrum var. cascadensis M.Peck; Leafl. W. Bot. 7: 186 (1954)
= Gentiana sceptrum var. humilis Engelm. ex A.Gray; Bot. California [W. H. Brewer] 1: 483 (1876)
= Pneumonanthe menziesii (Griseb.) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)
= Pneumonanthe sceptrum (Griseb.) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)
species :
Gentiana sedifolia
Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 3: 173 (1819)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas); Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia; Venezuela (Merida, Trujillo); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia
79 MEX 80 COS PAN 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER
Remarks: sect. Dolichocarpa. Sometimes included in a broadly defined G. prostrata
Synonyms: hidden
= Ericoila sedifolia (Kunth) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)
= Gentiana casapaltensis (Ball) J.S.Pringle; Phytologia 48(4): 281 (1981)
= Gentiana cespitosa Willd. ex Schult.; Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 6: 185 (1820)
= Gentiana chimboracensis Willd. ex Schult.; Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 6: 185 (1820)
= Gentiana microphylla Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 105 (1845)
= Gentiana prostrata f. imbricata Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24: 230 (1894)
= Gentiana sedifolia f. acaulis Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 202 (1898)
= Gentiana sedifolia subvar. imbricata (Griseb.) Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 73 (1859)
= Gentiana sedifolia subvar. splendens Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 73 (1859)
= Gentiana sedifolia var. casapaltensis Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. (Bot.) 22: 49 (1885)
= Gentiana sedifolia var. compacta Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent. 270 (1839)
= Gentiana sedifolia var. elongata Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent. 270 (1838)
= Gentiana sedifolia var. grandiflora Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24(Bot.) 217 (1894)
= Gentiana sedifolia var. imbricata Griseb.; Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19(Suppl. 1): 47 (1843)
= Gentiana sedifolia var. lineata Phil.; Anales Mus. Nac., Santiago de Chile 1891: 52 (1891)
= Gentiana sedifolia var. micrantha Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 73 (1859)
= Gentiana sedifolia var. microphylla (Griseb.) Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 73 (1859)
= Gentiana sedifolia var. nana Kusn.; Trudy S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Otd. Bot. 24: 218 (1894)
= Varasia sedifolia (Kunth) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana septemfida
Pall.; Fl. Ross. 1 2: 101, t. 92, f. 3 (1788)
subspecies :
subsp. septemfida
Name: Crested gentian
Distribution: ?Crimea; Siberia [I] (Altai [I], W-Siberia [I]); SE-Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran); China (Xinjiang); USA [I] (Illinois [I], Wisconsin [I])
30 sib 32 KAZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 36 CHI 74 usa
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis septemfida (Pall.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Rostl. 1: Gentian. 10 (1823)
= Dasystephana calycina (Boiss. & Hausskn.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Dasystephana freyniana (Bornm. ex Freyn) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Dasystephana septemfida (Pall.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Dasystephana septemfida (Pall.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 75(9): 1300 (1990), isonym
= Eyrythalia septemfida (Pall.) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 28 (1796)
= Gentiana calycina Boiss. & Hausskn.; Boiss., Fl. Orient. 4: 75 (1875), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana cordifolia K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 585 (1850)
= Gentiana fimbriiplica K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 584 (1850)
= Gentiana foliiformis Borbás; Termesz. Fuzet. 16: 51 (1893)
= Gentiana freyniana Bornm. ex Freyn; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 42: 345 (1892)
= Gentiana rossica Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 19 (1837), nom. superfl.
= Gentiana septemfida var. cordifolia Pall.; Fl. Ross. 1(2): 92 (1788)
= Pneumonanthe septemfida (Pall.) F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 9 (1796)
subspecies :
subsp. grossheimii
(Doluch.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 20 (1995)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus
33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana grossheimii (Doluch.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Gentiana grossheimii Doluch.; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Tphilis. Fasc. 14, 51 (1948)
= Gentiana septemfida var. procumbens Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 4: 74 (1875)
subspecies :
subsp. kolakovskyi
(Doluch.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 20 (1995)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]
33 GEO
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana kolakovskyi (Doluch.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Gentiana kolakovskyi Doluch.; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Tphilis., Fasc. 14, 54 (1948)
= Gentiana kolakovskyi var. bzybica Doluch.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 14: 54 (1948)
= Gentiana kolakovskyi var. tetychensis Vorosch.; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada (Moscow) 83: 36 (1972)
= Gentiana paradoxa var. latifolia Albov; Prodr. Fl. Colchic.: 175 (1895)
= Gentiana septemfida var. diversifolia Albov; Prodr. Fl. Colchic.: 163 (1895)
subspecies :
subsp. overinii
(Grossh.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 20 (1995)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus
33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana overinii (Kusn.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980), as ´owerinii´
= Gentiana cruciata var. overinii Kusn.; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 332 (1903)
= Gentiana overinii (Kusn.) Grossh.; Opred. Rast. Kavk.: 275 (1949)
species :
Gentiana setigera
A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 84 (1876)
Name: Mendocino gentian
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana bisetaea Howell; Fl. N. W. Amer. 1: 445 (1901)
= Pneumonanthe setigera (A.Gray) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)
species :
Gentiana shaanxiensis
T.N.Ho; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 59 (1993)
Distribution: China (Shaanxi)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana sierrae
Briq.; Candollea 4: 323 (1931)
Distribution: S-Spain (Sa. Nevada, Sa. de Baza)
12 SPA
Remarks: Sect. Calathianae
Synonyms: hidden
= Calathiana nevadensis (Soltok.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 169 (1973)
= Calathiana sierrae (Briq.) Holub; Preslia 70(2): 101 (1998)
= Gentiana nevadensis Soltok.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 51: 170 (1901), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana verna subsp. nevadensis (Soltok.) Soltok. ex Litard. & Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 4: 15 (1924), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana verna subsp. sierrae (Briq.) Rivas Mart., A.Asensi, Molero Mesa & F.Valle; Rivasgodaya 6: 35 (1991)
species :
Gentiana sikkimensis
C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 114 (1883)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); S- & SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim); NE-Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Isomeria
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana pseudosikkimensis C.Marquand ex Wilkie; Gentians, 163 (1936), nomen subnudum, Marquand in Kew Bull. 162 (1937)
= Gentianodes sikkimensis (C.B.Clarke) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
species :
Gentiana sikokiana
Maxim.; Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 32: 508 (1888)
Distribution: Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)
38 JAP
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana sikokiana (Maxim.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Gentiana sikokiana f. albiflora Akasawa & E.Hirose; Bull. Kochi Women´s Univ., ser. Nat. Sci. 25: 5 (1977)
= Gentiana sikokiana f. albiflora Toyok.; J. Jap. Bot. 58: 315 (1983)
species :
Gentiana simulatrix
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 190 (1937)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, SW-Qinghai); SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU NEP
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana sino-ornata
Balf.f.; Trans. Bot. Soc. Edin. 27: 253 (1918)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); E-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana ornata var. alba Forrest; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 4: 72 (1907)
= Gentiana ornata var. veitchii Iving; Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 58: 288 (1915)
= Gentiana sino-ornata f. alba (Forrest) C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 160 (1937)
= Gentianodes sino-ornata (Balf.f.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
variant :
var. gloriosa
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 57 (1928)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Myanmar (Kachin)
36 CHI TIB 41 MYA
species :
Gentiana siphonantha
Maxim. ex Kusn.; Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 34: 506 (1892), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 171 (1894)
Distribution: China (Gansu, ?Ningxia, Qinghai, NW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana siphonantha var. latifolia C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 44 (1937)
= Tretorhiza siphonantha (Maxim. ex Kusn.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana sirensis
J.S.Pringle; Arnaldoa 19(2): 149 (2013)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Gentiana spathacea
Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 3: 173 (1819)
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Coilantha mocinii D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 185 (1837)
= Coilantha sessei D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 185 (1837)
= Dasystephana spathacea (Kunth) Arthur; Torreya, xix 49 (1919)
= Ericoila spathacea (Kunth) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 191 (1837)
= Gentiana coerulea Moc. & Sessé; Naturaleza (Mexico City), ser. 2, 1(App.): 44 (1888), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana coerulea Moc. & Sessé ex Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 112 (1845), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana ovalis M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 11(1): 369 (1844)
= Gentiana plicata Willd. ex Schult.; Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 6: 184 (1820)
= Gentiana sessei (G.Don) Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 112 (1845)
= Gentiana spathacea var. benthamii Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 113 (1845)
= Gentiana spathacea var. integra Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24(Bot.) 53 (1894)
= Pneumonanthe spathacea (Kunth) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)
species :
Gentiana spathulifolia
Kusn.; Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 35: 351 (1894), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 171 (1894)
Distribution: China (S-Gansu, W-Gansu, SE-Qinghai, Shaanxi, N-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Varasia spathulifolia (Kusn.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
variant :
var. abaensis
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 40 (1995)
Distribution: China (S-Gansu, N-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana abaensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plateau Sin. 3: 35 (1984)
variant :
var. ciliata
Kusn.; Mel. Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Petersbourg 13: 339 (1894)
Distribution: China (W-Gansu, N-Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Gentiana spathulisepala
T.N.Ho & S.W.Liu; Novon 20(2): 166 (2010)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Gentiana springateana
D.Maity; Edinburgh J. Bot. 71(3): 289 (2014)
Distribution: N-India (Sikkim)
40 IND
species :
Gentiana squarrosa
Ledeb.; Mem. Acad. Petersb. 5: 527 (1812)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Primorye); SE-Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi); Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; N-Pakistan (Gilgit, Baltistan, Skardu); Nepal; NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim)
30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO NNS TAI 40 IND NEP PAK
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis squarrosa (Ledeb.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 70: 921 (1985)
= Ericoila squarrosa (Ledeb.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 191 (1837)
= Gentiana aquatica Steven; Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 3: 258 (1812)
= Gentiana squarrosa f. albiflorida D.Z.Lu; J. Beijing Forest. Univ. 17(1): 96 (1995)
= Gentiana squarrosa var. liukiuensis Hatus.; Fl. Ryukyus: 487 (1971), without latin descr.
= Gentiana squarrosa var. microphylla Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 330 (1914)
= Gentiana takahashii T.Mori; J. Chosen Nat. Hist. Soc. 4: 24 (1927)
= Gentiana wootchuliana W.K.Paik; Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 25(1): 2 (1995)
= Varasia squarrosa (Ledeb.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1980)
species :
Gentiana stellata
Turrill; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1922: 153 (1922)
Distribution: SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana clarkei var. acuminata (C.B.Clarke) Kusn.
= Gentiana prostrata var. acuminata (C.B.Clarke) S.Agrawal; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 5(2): 434 (1984)
= Gentiana pygmaea var. acuminata C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 111 (1883)
= Gentiana stellata var. acuminata (C.B.Clarke) T.N.Ho; A Worldwide Monograph of Gentiana: 323 (2001)
= Gentianodes acuminata (C.B.Clarke) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 5 (1988)
species :
Gentiana stellulata
Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz., Symb. Sin. 7: 968 (1936)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); N-Myanmar
36 CHI 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
variant :
var. dichotoma
Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz., Symb. Sin. 7: 968 (1936)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); N-Myanmar
36 CHI 41 MYA
species :
Gentiana stipitata
Edgew.; Trans. Linn. Soc. 20: 84 (1846)
subspecies :
subsp. stipitata
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Qinghai); E-Tibet; Nepal; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand)
36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentianodes stipitata (Edgew.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. elegantissima
Halda & Jurásek; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 19(3-4): 56 (2012)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
subspecies :
subsp. tizuensis
(Franch.) T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 371 (1994)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai, W-Sichuan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana tizuensis Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 494 (1897)
= Gentianodes tizuensis (Franch.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
species :
Gentiana stragulata
Balf.f. & Forrest; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 61 (1928)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Isomeria
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentianodes stragulata (Balf.f. & Forrest) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125: 257 (1972)
species :
Gentiana straminea
Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Petersb. 27: 502 (1881)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, Gansu, Hubei, Ningxia, Qinghai); Tibet; Nepal; India (Sikkim)
36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
Synonyms: hidden
= Tretorhiza straminea (Maxim.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana suborbisepala
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 58 (1928)
Distribution: China (Guizhou, SW-Sichuan, W-Sichuan, NE-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Microsperma
species :
Gentiana subuliformis
S.W.Liu; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 59 (1993)
Distribution: SE-Tibet
36 TIB
Remarks: Sect. Frigidae
species :
Gentiana sumatrana
Ridl.; J. Fed. Malay States Mus. 8: IV. 58 (1917)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana singgalangensis Backer; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg ser. III 2: 326 (1920)
= Gentiana humifusa S.Moore; J. Bot. 63: Suppl. 70 (1925)
= Gentiana sumatrana var. humifusa (S.Moore) T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38: 12 (2000)
species :
Gentiana susamyrensis
Pachom.; Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii 8: 170 (1986)
Distribution: Kyrgyzstan
32 KGZ
species :
Gentiana susanneae
Adr.Favre; Syst. Bot. 47(2): 510 (2022)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Gentiana sutchuenensis
Franch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 136 (1890)
Distribution: China (Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, S-Gansu, S-Shaanxi)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana decipiens Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 956 (1936)
= Gentiana rigidifolia Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. 7: 955 (1936)
species :
Gentiana symphyandra
Murb.; Lunds Univ. Arsskr. 27: 89 (1892)
Distribution: Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; ?Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (very local mountains of NW- & C-Greece); NW-Ukraine; Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia)
13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC KOS NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 UKR 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana lutea subsp. symphyandra (Murb.) Hayek; Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balcan. 2: 417 (1930)
species :
Gentiana szechenyii
Kanitz; Pl. exped. Szechenyi in As. centr. coll. 40 (1891)
subspecies :
subsp. szechenyii
Distribution: China (SW-Gansu, Qinghai, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana callistantha Diels & Gilg; Futterer, Durch Asien, Bot. repr. 14 (1903)
= Gentiana rosularis Franch.; Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, ser. VIII. 3: 148 (1891)
= Gentianodes szechenyii (Kanitz) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. stolonifera
Halda & Jurásek; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 19(3-4): 60 (2012)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Gentiana taiwanialbiflora
S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 4: 298 (2022)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Gentiana taiwanica
T.N.Ho; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 59 (1993), nom. nov.
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana angusta (Masam.) T.S.Liu & C.C.Kuo; Bull. Exp. Forest Natl. Taiwan Univ. 114: 176 (1974), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana scabrida var. angusta Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 29: 64 (1939)
species :
Gentiana takushii
T.Yamaz.; J. Jap. Bot. 75(5): 280 (2000)
Distribution: Ryukyu Isl.
38 NNS
species :
Gentiana taliensis
Balf.f. & Forrest; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 4: 75 (1907)
Distribution: China (Guizhou, SW-Sichuan, Yunnan); N-Myanmar
36 CHI 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana heterostemon Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 953 (1936)
= Gentiana heterostemon subsp. bietii Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 953 (1936)
= Gentiana heterostemon subsp. cavaleriei Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 953 (1936)
= Gentiana heterostemon subsp. glabricaulis Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 953 (1936)
= Gentiana monbeigii Marquand ex Wilkie; Gentians, 160 (1936), nomen subnudum, Marquand in Kew Bull. 176 (1937)
= Gentiana pedicellata var. chinensis Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 402 (1898)
= Gentiana ramosa C.Marquand ex Wilkie; Gentians: 164 (1936), nomen subnudum, C. Marquand in Kew Bull. 176 (1937)
species :
Gentiana tarokoensis
Chih H.Chen & J.C.Wang; Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin., n. s. 40: 29 (1999)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana luzoniensis var. tarokoensis (Chih H.Chen & J.C.Wang) T.N.Ho; Worldwide Monogr. Gentiana: 344 (2001)
species :
Gentiana tatsienensis
Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 489 (1896)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan); E-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana terglouensis
Hacq.; Pl. Carn. 9 (1782)
subspecies :
subsp. terglouensis
Distribution: Austria; NE-Italy; Slovenia
11 AUT 13 ITA SLV
Remarks: Sect. Calathianae
Synonyms: hidden
= Calathiana terglouensis (Hacq.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)
= Gentiana bavarica subsp. terglouensis P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 858 (1938)
= Hippion pusillum F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)
subspecies :
subsp. schleicheri
(Vacc.) Tutin; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 378 (1971)
Distribution: W-Switzerland; SE-France; Andorra; NW-Italy
11 SWI 12 ADO FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Calathiana schleicheri (Vacc.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)
= Calathiana terglouensis subsp. schleicheri (Vacc.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 35(4): 898 (1986)
= Gentiana schleicheri (Vacc.) Kunz; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 49: 160 (1939)
= Gentiana verna f. schleicheri Vacc.; Bull. Murith. Soc. Valais. Sci. Nat. 36: 242 (1911)
= Gentiana verna subsp. schleicheri (Vacc.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Fl. Països Catalans 3: 127 (1995 publ. 1996)
= Gentiana verna var. imbricata f.schleicheri Vacc.; (1911)
species :
Gentiana ternifolia
Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 31: 377 (1884)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
species :
Gentiana tetramera
Miyam.; Fl. Mustang [Nepal] 221 (2008)
Distribution: C-Nepal
40 NEP
species :
Gentiana tetraphylla
Kusn.; Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 35: 350 (1894), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 125 (1894)
Distribution: China (N-Sichuan, W-Sichuan, S-Gansu)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana ×quaterna Harry Sm. ex C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 125 (1937)
= Gentiana ×quaterna subsp. longiflora Harry Sm. ex C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 127 (1937)
= Gentiana ×quaterna subsp. sankarensis Harry Sm. ex C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 127 (1937)
= Gentiana ×quaterna var. octoloba Harry Sm. ex C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 126 (1937)
= Gentianodes tetraphylla (Kusn.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)
species :
Gentiana tetrasepala
Biswas; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 34: t. 3359 (1938)
Distribution: +India (+Uttarakhand)
40 IND
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae. Status uncertain, only collected once in 1884
species :
Gentiana tetrasticha
C.Marquand; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 34: t. 3330 (1937)
Distribution: S-Tibet
36 TIB
Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa
species :
Gentiana thunbergii
(G.Don) Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 108 (1845)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi, Jilin, Shanxi); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Ericoila thunbergii G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 192 (1837)
= Gentiana aquatica Thunb.; Fl. Jap. 115 (1784) non L. 1753
= Gentiana chosenica Okuyama; J. Jap. Bot. 19: 132 (1943)
= Gentiana japonica Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 3, 20: 433 (1875), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana lactea Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 330 (1914) (non Phil.)
= Gentiana thunbergii f. albiflora Akasawa; Bull. Kochi Women´s Coll. 2: 108 (1954)
= Gentiana thunbergii f. grandis Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 23: 99 (1949)
= Varasia thunbergii (Griseb.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
variant :
var. minor
Maxim.; Mélanges Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 12: 758 (1888)
Distribution: China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning); South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku)
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana minor (Maxim.) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 27: 36 (1949)
= Gentiana minor f. ochroleuca Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46: 419 (1932)
= Gentiana minor var. minima Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 65: 168 (1952)
= Gentiana thunbergii f. minor (Maxim.) Toyok.; J. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ., ser. 5, Bot. 4: 213 (1963)
species :
Gentiana tibetica
King ex Hook.f.; Ic. Pl. t. 1441 (1883)
Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Chumbi)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana brevidens Regel; Act. Hort. Petrop. 10: 376 (1887)
= Tretorhiza tibetica (King) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Gentiana timida
Kerr; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1940: 182 (1940)
Distribution: N-Thailand
41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana loerzingii var. timida (Kerr) T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38(1): 10 (2000)
species :
Gentiana tongolensis
Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 490 (1896)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); E-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Microsperma
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentianodes tongolensis (Franch.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 258 (1972)
species :
Gentiana tonkinensis
Hul; Adansonia, sér. 3, 21(2): 251 (1999)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
species :
Gentiana tornezyana
Litard. & Maire; Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc, No. 6: 17 (1924)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
species :
Gentiana trichotoma
Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 61 (1893), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 137 (1894)
Distribution: China (Qinghai, NW-Sichuan, Gansu)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Frigidae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana phob Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 493 (1896)
= Gentiana hopei Hort.; ex Gard. Chron., ser. III. 73: 304, anglice, Wilkie, Gentians, 135 (1936), pro syn. (1923)
= Gentianodes trichotoma (Kusn.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 258 (1972)
variant :
var. chingii
(C.Marquand) T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 372 (1994)
Distribution: China (Qinghai, Gansu)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana chingii C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 83 (1931)
= Gentiana heterostemon var. chingii (C.Marquand) Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 953 (1936)
= Gentiana pedicellata var. chingii C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 85 (1931)
= Gentiana trichotoma subsp. chingii (C.Marquand) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 23 (1995)
species :
Gentiana tricolor
Diels & Gilg; Futterer, Durch. Asien, Bot. repr. 15 (1903)
subspecies :
subsp. tricolor
Distribution: China (Qinghai, Gansu)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
subspecies :
subsp. syringea
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 44 (1995)
Distribution: China (S-Gansu, S-Qinghai, W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana syringea T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 24 (1984)
species :
Gentiana triflora
Pall.; Fl. Ross. 1(2): 105 (1789)
subspecies :
subsp. triflora
Distribution: Siberia (Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol); Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea
30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 37 MON 38 KOR NKO
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana triflora (Pall.) Borkh.; Roem. Archiv 1: I. 26 (1796)
= Gentiana axillariflora var. coreana (Nakai) Kudô; Medic. Pl. Hokkaido 1: 69 (1922)
= Gentiana jesoana var. coreana Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 13: 106 (1906)
= Gentiana triflora f. alboviolacea W.K.Paik & W.Lee; Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 25(3): 19 (1995)
= Gentiana uchiyamae Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 23: 107 (1909)
= Pneumonanthe triflora (Pall.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)
subspecies :
subsp. japonica
(Kusn.) Vorosch.; A. K. Skvortsov (ed.), Florist. issl. v razn. raionakh SSSR: 187 (1985)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Kuril Isl., Sakhalin); China (Jilin); South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana axillariflora (H.Lév. & Vaniot) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 200 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Gentiana axillariflora H.Lév. & Vaniot; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53: 648 (1906)
= Gentiana axillariflora var. horomuiensis (Kudô) H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 21: 19 (1947)
= Gentiana axillariflora var. montana H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 21: 19 (1947)
= Gentiana horomuiensis Kudô; Kudô & Susaki, Hokk.-Yak.-Shokub.-Zui, t. 70 (1922)
= Gentiana jesoana Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 23: 106 (1909)
= Gentiana naitoana H.Lév. & Faurie; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, liil. 649 (1906)
= Gentiana rigescens var. japonica Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 13: 60 (1893)
= Gentiana triflora f. albiflora T.Shimizu; Fl. Nagano Pref.: 1509 (1997)
= Gentiana triflora f. horomuiensis (Kudô) Toyok.; J. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ., ser. 5, Bot. 7: 236 (1963)
= Gentiana triflora f. japonica (Kusn.) W.Lee & W.Paik; Lin. Fl. Koreae: 876 (1996)
= Gentiana triflora f. montana (H.Hara) Toyok. & Tanaka; Hokuriko J. Bot. 4: 38 (1955)
= Gentiana triflora f. semiglobularis Toyok.; J. Fac. Liberal Arts Shinsu Univ., Nat. Sci. 13: 130 (1979)
= Gentiana triflora subvar. horomuiensis (Kudô) Toyok.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 16: 114 (1956)
= Gentiana triflora subvar. montana (H.Hara) Toyok.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 16: 115 (1957)
= Gentiana triflora var. horomuiensis (Kudô) H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 136 (1949)
= Gentiana triflora var. japonica (Kusn.) H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 136 (1948)
= Gentiana triflora var. montana (H.Hara) H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 135 (1949)
species :
Gentiana tubiflora
(Wall. ex G.Don) Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent. (1838)
Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Chumbi, Kumaon)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Isomeria
Synonyms: hidden
= Ericoila tubiflora G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)
= Gentiana longistyla T.N.Ho; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 62: 132 (1988)(nom. nov.)
= Gentiana tubiflora var. longiflora Turrill; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1922: 154 (1922)
= Gentiana tubiflora var. namlaensis Turrill; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 48: 206 (1929)
= Gentiana tubiflora Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 4388 (1831) (nomen)
= Gentianodes tubiflora (G.Don) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125: 258 (1972), no basionym ref.
species :
Gentiana ulmeri
Merr.; Not. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. No. 47, 8 (1940)
Distribution: N-Sumatra
42 SUM
Remarks: Sect. Monopodiae
species :
Gentiana uniflora
Georgi; Reise 1: 203 (1775)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Khabarovsk); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Mongolia
30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ 37 MON
Remarks: Sect. Calathianae
Synonyms: hidden
= Calathiana uniflora (Georgi) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 9(3): 272 (1974)
= Gentiana krylovii Grossh.; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Azerbaidzhansk. S. S. R. 3: 32 (1947)
species :
Gentiana urnula
Harry Sm.; Kew Bull. 15: 51 (1961)
Distribution: China (SW-Qinghai); E-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Chumbi)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Isomeria
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana amoena f. pallida C.Marquand; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 48: 204 (1929)
= Gentiana amoena var. major Burkill; J. Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 2: 312 (1906)
= Gentianodes urnula (Harry Sm.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 258 (1972)
species :
Gentiana utriculosa
L.; Sp. Pl. 229 (1753)
Name: Schlauch-Enzian (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Rheinland-Pfalz); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; W-Bulgaria; NW-Ukraine
11 AUT GER LIE SWI 12 FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 UKR
Remarks: Sect. Calathianae
Synonyms: hidden
= Calathiana utriculosa (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)
= Ericoila utriculosa (L.) Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 27 (1796)
= Gentiana bucovinensis Herbich; Select. Pl. Rar. Galic. Bucov. 10 (1836)
= Gentiana utriculosa f. montenegrina Beck & Szyszyl.; Pl. Cern. Alb.: 129 (1888)
= Gentiana utriculosa f. ramosa L.Gross; 80 (1906)
= Gentiana utriculosa f. simplex L.Gross; 80 (1906)
= Gentiana utriculosa var. montenegrina (Beck & Szyszyl.) Kozuharov & Petrova; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 8: 408 (1982)
= Gentiana utriculosa var. ramosa (L.Gross) Hegi; 2024 (1927)
= Gentianusa utriculosa (L.) Pohl; Tentamen Fl. Bohemiae 1: 253 (1810)
= Hippion utriculosum (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boem. 2: 22 (1793)
= Psalina utriculosa (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 25 (1837)
species :
Gentiana vandellioides
Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 137 (1890)
subspecies :
subsp. vandellioides
Distribution: China (W-Hubei, S-Shaanxi, E-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana vandellioides var. biloba Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 496 (1896)
subspecies :
subsp. baoxingensis
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 43 (1995)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana baoxingensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 21 (1984)
subspecies :
subsp. yiliangensis
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 43 (1995)
Distribution: China (NE-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana yiliangensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 22 (1984)
species :
Gentiana vandewateri
Wernham; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 9: 117 (1916)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana dimorphophylla P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot., No. 17, 398 (1964)
= Gentiana montiswilhelmi P.Royen; Alp. Fl. New Guinea 4: 2816 (1983)
= Gentiana protensa P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot., No. 17, 400 (1964)
= Gentiana saginifolia var. montiswilhelmi (P.Royen) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 47 (1995)
= Gentiana saginifolia Wernham; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 9: 117 (1916)
species :
Gentiana veitchiorum
Hemsl.; Gard. Chron. 46: 178 (1909)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); S- & SE-Tibet; Bhutan; N-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand); Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana ornata var. acutifolia Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 494 (1896)
= Gentiana ornata var. obtusifolia Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 493 (1896)
= Gentianodes veitchiorum (Hemsl.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 258 (1972)
species :
Gentiana venusta
(G.Don) Wall. ex Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 276 (1838)
Distribution: S-Tibet; NE-Pakistan (Gilgit); Nepal; Bhutan; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Kumaon, Chumbi)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK
Remarks: Sect. Isomeria
Synonyms: hidden
= Ericoila venusta Wall. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)
= Gentiana venusta Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 4389 (1831) nomen
= Gentianodes venusta (Wall. ex G.Don) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20: 15 (1988)
= Gentianodes venusta (Wall.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 258 (1972), basionym not validly publ.
species :
Gentiana verna
L.; Sp. Pl. 228 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. verna
Name: Frühlings-Enzian (DE)
Distribution: England; Ireland; Germany (Brandenburg, +Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, +Hessen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Belarus; N-European Russia; NW-Ukraine
10 GRB IRE 11 AUT CZE GER LIE POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA ROM SLV 14 BLR RUS UKR
Remarks: Sect. Calathianae
Synonyms: hidden
= Calathiana verna (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)
= Ericoila verna (L.) Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 27 (1796)
= Gentiana acutiflora Schult.; Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 6: 156 (1820)
= Gentiana arctica Grossh.; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Azerbaidzhansk. S. S. R. 3: 32 (1947)
= Gentiana bavarica subsp. elongata (Haenke) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 499 (1881)
= Gentiana elongata Haenke; Jacq., Collectanea 2: 88 (1789)
= Gentiana sexfida Schult.; Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 6: 156 (1820)
= Gentiana verna subsp. arctica (Grossh.) V.G.Sergienko; Fl. poluostrova Kanin: 85 (1986)
= Gentiana verna subsp. elongata (Haenke) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg: 140 (1834)
= Gentiana verna subsp. imbricata (Froel.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 473 (1882)
= Gentiana verna subsp. willkommiana (P.Monts. & Villar) Rivas Mart., Báscones, T.E.Díaz, Fern.Gonz. & Loidi; Itinera Geobot. 5: 70 (1991)
= Gentiana verna var. acutiflora DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç., éd. 3 6: 427 (1815)
= Gentiana verna var. alata Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 263 (1839)
= Gentiana verna var. brachyphylloides Pau; Actas Mem. Prim. Congr. Nat. Esp. Zaragoza: 248 (1909)
= Gentiana verna var. cantabrica Romo; Lagascalia 15(Extra): 287 (1988)
= Gentiana verna var. elongata (Haenke) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 281 (1828), isonym
= Gentiana verna var. elongata (Haenke) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 253 (1809)
= Gentiana verna var. elongata (Haenke) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 264 (1908), isonym
= Gentiana verna var. major Custer; 109 (1821)
= Gentiana verna var. pluricaulis Glaab; 95 (1893)
= Gentiana verna var. pseudoaestiva Rhiner; 226 (1894)
= Gentiana verna var. willkommiana P.Monts. & L.Villar; Doc. Phytosoc. 914: 214 (1975)
= Gentianusa verna (L.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 253 (1809)
= Hippion elongatum (Haenke) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 11, 19 (1796)
= Hippion vernum (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boem. 2: 19 (1796)
= Lexipyretum vernum (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 451 (1867)
= Ricoila verna (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 23 (1837)
subspecies :
subsp. oschtenica
(Kusn.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 33 (1995)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]
33 GEO NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Calathiana oschtenica (Kusn.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(4): 429 (1977)
= Gentiana oschtenica (Kusn.) Kusn.; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 351 (1903)
= Gentiana verna var. oschtenica Kusn.; Prodr. Eugent.: 327 (1894)
subspecies :
subsp. pontica
(Soltok.) Hayek; Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balcan. 2: 419 (1930)
Distribution: S-Poland; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; N-Greece (mountains, south to Mt. Olimbos); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran); China (Xinjiang); NW-Mongolia; India (Sikkim)
11 POL 13 ALB BUL GRC KOS MNT NMA ROM SRB 32 KAZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ TUR 36 CHI 37 MON 40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Calathiana angulosa (M.Bieb.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 169 (1973)
= Calathiana pontica (Soltok.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 169 (1973)
= Calathiana verna subsp. aestiva (Roem. & Schult.) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rer. Nat. Bohem. Occid., Bot. 21: 10 (1984)
= Calathiana verna subsp. pontica (Soltok.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 35(4): 898 (1986)
= Ericoila aestiva (F.W.Schmidt) Bercht. & J.Presl; Rostl. 1: Gentian. 15 (1823)
= Ericoila aestiva (F.W.Schmidt) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 190 (1837), isonym
= Ericoila angulosa (M.Bieb.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Gentian.): 15 (1824)
= Ericoila angulosa G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 191 (1837)
= Ericoila jirasekii (F.W.Schmidt) Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 27 (1796)
= Gentiana aestiva (F.W.Schmidt) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. 6: 156 (1820)
= Gentiana angulosa M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur. Caucasus 1: 197 (1808)
= Gentiana angulosa var. pontica (Soltok.) Gagnidze; Fl. Gruzii, Zam. Sist Geogr. Rast. 10: 138 (1985), et Zam. Sist. Geogr. Rast. 41: 52 (1986)
= Gentiana bavarica Pall.; Fl. Ross. 2: 110 (1815), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana discolor Hoffmanns. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 865 (1832)
= Gentiana jirasekii F.W.Schmidt; Samml. Phys. Aufsätze Böhm. Naturgesch. 1: 195 (1791)
= Gentiana pontica Soltok.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 169 (1901)
= Gentiana sexfida (F.W.Schmidt) Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roem. & Schult.] 6: 156 (1820), in obs.
= Gentiana verna proles aestiva (F.W.Schmidt) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 264 (1908)
= Gentiana verna subsp. aestiva (F.W.Schmidt) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 473 (1882)
= Gentiana verna subsp. angulosa (M.Bieb.) V.E.Avet.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 14: 223 (1977)
= Gentiana verna subsp. balcanica N.M.Pritch.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 35: 213 (1977)
= Gentiana verna var. aestiva (F.W.Schmidt) Jovan.-Dunj.; Fl. SR Srbije 5: 423 (1973)
= Gentiana verna var. obtusifolia Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 4: 73 (1875)
= Hippion aestivum F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boem. 2: 20 (1796)
= Hippion sexfidum F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 10 (1796)
subspecies :
subsp. tergestina
(Beck) Hayek; Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balcan. 2: 420 (1930)
Distribution: Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; SW-Bulgaria
13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT SLV SRB
Synonyms: hidden
= Calathiana tergestina (Beck) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)
= Calathiana verna subsp. tergestina (Beck) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 35(4): 898 (1986)
= Gentiana angulosa f. chalybaea Beck; Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 1: 130 (1886)
= Gentiana chalybaea (Beck) Beck; Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 2: 130 (1887)
= Gentiana tergestina Beck; Annal. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien 2: 130 (1887), et Fl. Nied.-Österr. 2: II 239 (1893)
= Gentiana tergestina var. chalybaea (Beck) Jovan.-Dunj.; Fl. SR Srbije 5: 424 (1973)
= Gentiana verna var. davidovii Kozuharov & Petrova; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 8: 484, 406 (1982)
species :
Gentiana vernayi
Marquand; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 34: t. 3330 (1937)
subspecies :
subsp. vernayi
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); S- & SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Remarks: Sect. Microsperma
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana andersonii Biswas; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 34: t. 3358 (1938) (non C. B. Clarke)
= Gentiana bhutanica Grubov; J. Jap. Bot. 69(1): 21 (1994) (nom. nov. superfl.)
= Gentiana somdavii H.B.Naithani; Flow. Pl. India, Nepal & Bhutan: 294 (1990) nom. nov. superfl.
subspecies :
subsp. atropurpurea
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 28 (1995)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana atropurpurea T.N.Ho; Bull. Bot. Res. North-East. Forest. Inst. 4(1): 76 (1984)
subspecies :
subsp. favrei
S.K.Dey & D.Maity; Nordic J. Bot. 36(1-2)-e01417: 5 (2017)
Distribution: India (Sikkim)
40 IND
species :
Gentiana viatrix
Harry Sm. ex C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 127 (1937)
Distribution: China (N-Sichuan, W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
species :
Gentiana villosa
L.; Sp. Pl. 228 (1753)
Name: Striped gentian
Distribution: USA (Alabama, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia)
75 USA 78 USA
Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis ochroleuca (Froel.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Rostl. 1: Gentian. 11 (1923)
= Cuttera ochroleuca (Froel.) Raf.; Med. Repos. N. York 5: 352 (1808)
= Dasystephana deloachii W.P.Lemmon; Bartonia 19: 18 (1938)
= Dasystephana villosa (L.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 931 (1903)
= Gentiana clavata Steud.; Nom. ed II. 1: 673 (1840)
= Gentiana deloachii (W.P.Lemmon) Shinners; Sida 1: 107 (1962)
= Gentiana heterophylla Raf.; Med. Fl. 211 (1828)
= Gentiana incarnata Sims; Bot. Mag. t. 1856 (1816)
= Gentiana intermedia Sims; Bot. Mag. t. 2303 (1822)
= Gentiana ochroleuca Froel.; Gent. Diss. 35 (1796)
= Gentiana ochroleuca var. heterophylla (Raf.) Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 114 (1845)
= Gentiana ochroleuca var. incarnata (Sims) Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 114 (1845)
= Gentiana ochroleuca var. intermedia (Sims) Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 114 (1845)
= Gentiana serpentaria Raf.; Ann. Nat. 13 (1820)
= Pneumonanthe incarnata (Sims) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 195 (1837)
= Pneumonanthe intermedia (Sims) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 195 (1837)
= Pneumonanthe ochroleuca (Froel.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 195 (1837)
= Pneumonanthe villosa (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)
= Xolemia heterophylla (Raf.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)
= Xolemia serpentaria (Raf.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)
species :
Gentiana vodopjanovae
(Zuev) Chepinoga; Botanica Pacifica 12(2): 123 (2023)
Distribution: Siberia (Chita)
30 SIB
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
Synonyms: hidden
= Dasystephana vodopjanovae Zuev; Fl. Sibir. (Pyrolac.-Lamiac.) 11: 66 (1997)
species :
Gentiana waltonii
Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 310 (1906)
Distribution: ?China (?W-Qinghai); S- & SE-Tibet
36 TIB
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana lhasaensis P.K.Hsiao & K.C.Hsia; Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Nei Mongol, 1964(1): 39 (1964)
= Gentiana waltonii f. lhasaensis (P.K.Hsiao & K.C.Hsia) T.N.Ho; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 62: 61 (1988)
= Gentiana waltonii f. nana P.K.Hsiao & K.C.Hsia; J. Nei Monggol Univ. 6(1): 39 (1964)
= Gentiana waltonii var. lhasaensis (P.K.Hsiao & K.C.Hsia) T.N.Ho; Fl. Xizangica 3: 917 (1986)
species :
Gentiana walujewii
Regel & Schmalh.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 6: 334 (1879)
subspecies :
subsp. walujewii
Distribution: SE-Kazakhstan; China (N-Xinjiang)
32 KAZ 36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
Synonyms: hidden
= Tretorhiza walujewii (Regel & Schmalh.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Gentiana kesselringii Regel; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 7: 548 (1880)
= Gentiana walujewii var. kesselringii Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 7: 548 (1881)
subspecies :
subsp. tenuicaulis
(Y.Ling.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 32 (1995)
Distribution: China (Hebei)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana tenuicaulis Y.Ling; Contrib. Inst. Bot. Nat. Acad. Peiping 3: 380 (1935)
species :
Gentiana wangchukii
E.Aitken & D.G.Long; Edinburgh J. Bot. 53(1): 82 (1996)
Distribution: Bhutan
40 BHU
Remarks: Sect. Fimbricorona
species :
Gentiana wardii
W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8: 122 (1913)
subspecies :
subsp. wardii
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan, W-Sichuan); SE-Tibet; NE-Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 41 MYA
Remarks: Sect. Isomeria
subspecies :
subsp. emergens
(C.Marquand) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 25 (1995)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana emergens C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 82 (1931)
= Gentiana wardii var. emergens (C.Marquand) T.N.Ho; Novon 4: 372 (1994)
subspecies :
subsp. micrantha
(C.Marquand) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 25 (1995)
Distribution: NE-Myanmar
41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana wardii var. micrantha C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 187 (1937)
species :
Gentiana wasenensis
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 80 (1931)
Distribution: China (N-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Frigidae
species :
Gentiana wilsonii
C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 59 (1928)
subspecies :
subsp. wilsonii
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Frigidae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana liangshanensis Z.Y.Zhu; Bull. Bot. Res. North-East. Forest. Inst. 11(4): 61 (1991)
subspecies :
subsp. striolata
(T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 23 (1995)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana striolata T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(1): 51 (1985)
species :
Gentiana winchuanensis
T.N.Ho; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 59 (1993)
Distribution: China (N-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana wingecarribiensis
L.G.Adams; Telopea 3(2): 172 (1988)
Distribution: Australia (New South Wales: Central Tablelands)
50 AUS
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
variant :
var. wissmannii
(J.B.Williams) Halda; Genus Gentiana: 167 (1996 publ. 1997)
Distribution: Australia (New South Wales: Ebor area)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana wissmannii J.B.Williams; Telopea 3(2): 175 (1988)
species :
Gentiana woodii
J.S.Pringle; Novon 24(4): 389 (2016)
Distribution: Bolivia
83 BOL
species :
Gentiana xanthonannos
Harry Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 26: 253 (1965)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
species :
Gentiana yakushimensis
Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 23: 252 (1909)
Distribution: Japan (Yakushima Isl.)
38 JAP NNS
Remarks: Sect. Kudoa
Synonyms: hidden
= Kudoa yakushimensis (Makino) Masam.; J. Soc. Trop. Agric., Taiwan 2: 29 (1930)
species :
Gentiana yokusai
Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 316 (1906)
Distribution: China (Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Nei Mongol, Liaoning, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian); Japan; Taiwan
36 CHI 38 JAP TAI
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana agrorum Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. 7: 964 (1936)
= Gentiana tenuissima Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 25: Art. 19, 167 (1908)
= Gentiana yokusai var. japonica Burkill; J. Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 2: 316 (1906)
variant :
var. cordifolia
T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 42 (1984)
Distribution: China (Shaanxi, Hebei, Nei Mongol, Shanxi)
36 CHI
species :
Gentiana yunnanensis
Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 31: 376 (1884)
subspecies :
subsp. yunnanensis
Distribution: China (Guizhou, SW-Sichuan, W-Sichuan, NE-Yunnan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Sect. Microsperma
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentianodes yunnanensis (Franch.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 258 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. kialensis
(C.Marquand) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 29 (1995)
Distribution: China (Guizhou, SW-Sichuan, W-Sichuan, NE-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana blinii H.Lév.; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 25: 22 (1915)
= Gentiana kialensis C.Marquand ex Wilkie; Gentians: 157 (1936), nom. inval.
= Gentiana suborbisepala var. kialensis (C.Marquand) T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 372 (1994)
= Gentiana yunnanensis var. kialensis C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 166 (1937)
species :
Gentiana zekuensis
T.N.Ho & S.W.Liu; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 56 (1993)
Distribution: China (NE-Sichuan, SE-Qinghai); ?SE-Tibet
36 CHI
Remarks: Sect. Cruciata
species :
Gentiana zhenxiongensis
L.H.Wu & Z.T.Wang; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 49(3): 197 (2012)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Gentiana zollingeri
Fawc.; J. Bot. 21: 183 (1883)
subspecies :
subsp. zollingeri
Distribution: Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Zhejiang); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO
Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ciminalis zollingeri (Fawc.) Zuev; Konspekt Fl. Aziatsk. Rossii 366 (2012)
= Gentiana aomorensis H.Lév.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53: 648 (1906)
= Gentiana taquetii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 182 (1913)
= Gentiana thunbergii Siebold & Zucc.; Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. 2: 34 (1846), nom. illeg.
= Gentiana zollingeri f. albiflora Tuyama; J. Jap. Bot. 16: 502 (1940)
= Gentiana zollingeri f. yaichiana Toyok. & Y.Toyok.; J. Asahikawa Univ. 4: 182 (1976)
= Varasia zollingeri (Fawc.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)
subspecies :
subsp. tentyoensis
(Masam.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 39 (1995)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana kaoi Shimizu; J. Fac. Text. Sci. & Techn., Shinshu Univ., No. 36, Biol., No. 12 (Stud. Limest. Fl. Jap. & Taiwan, Pt. 2) 54 (1963), et in Acta Phytotax. & Geobot.,Kyoto 21: 27 (1964)
= Gentiana tentyoensis Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 32: 1 (1942)
species :
Gentiana ×billingtonii
Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 22: 96 (1921 publ. 1923)
Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Iowa, Illinois, Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA
Remarks: Gentiana andrewsii x Gentiana puberulenta
species :
Gentiana ×curtisii
J.S.Pringle; Trans. Wisconsin Acad. Sci. 53: 277 (1964)
Distribution: USA (Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, Wisconsin)
74 USA 75 USA
Remarks: Gentiana alba x Gentiana puberulenta
species :
Gentiana ×digenea
Jakow.; Sitz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math. Nat. 108, Abth. 1. 347 (1899)
Distribution: Austria (Tirol); etc.
11 AUT
Remarks: Gentiana acaulis x G. clusii
species :
Gentiana ×doerfleri
Ronniger; Dörfl., Herb. Norm. No. 3706 (1898)
Distribution: Austria; European Russia
11 AUT 14 RUS
Remarks: Gentiana lutea L. x Gentiana punctata L.
species :
Gentiana ×gaudiniana
E.Thomas ex W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv., ed. 2: 560 (1844)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); etc.
11 GER
Remarks: Gentiana punctata x purpurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana ×gaudiniana E.Thomas ex Moritzi; 96 (1839), nom. inval.
= Gentiana ×spuria Lebert; Gentian.: 42 (1834)
= Gentiana ×spuria Lebert ex Griseb.; Gen. et Sp. Gent. 301 (1838)
species :
Gentiana ×grandilacustris
J.S.Pringle; Trans. Wisconsin Acad. Sci. 53: 279 (1964)
Distribution: USA (Minnesota, Wisconsin)
74 USA 75 USA
Remarks: Gentiana andrewsii x Gentiana rubricaulis
species :
Gentiana ×grisebachiana
Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 258 (1908)
Distribution: SE-France; etc.
12 FRA
Remarks: G. burseri ssp. villarsii x G. punctata
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana ×burseri-punctata Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 301 (1838), nom. inval.
species :
Gentiana ×hybrida
Schleich. ex DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç., éd. 3 3: 651 (1805)
Distribution: SE-France; etc.
12 FRA
Remarks: Gentiana lutea x G. purpurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana ×hybrida var. reynieri Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 253 (1908)
= Gentiana ×rubra Clairv.; Man. Herbor. Suisse: 73 (1811)
= Gentiana ×thomasiana Gaudin ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 498 (1881)
= Gentiana ×thomasii Gillaboz ex Vill.; Roem., Collecteana: 189 (1810)
species :
Gentiana ×laengstii
Hausm.; Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 8: 378 (1858) [nothossp.]
subspecies :
subsp. laengstii
Distribution: Germany (Bayern)
11 GER
Remarks: Gentiana lutea x pannonica
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana ×kummeriana G.Sendtn.; Jardin 2: 76 (1888)
subspecies :
subsp. komnensis
(E.Mayer) Starm.; Hladnikia 6: 45 (1996) [nothossp.]
Distribution: Slovenia
13 SLV
Remarks: Gentiana lutea ssp. symphyandra x G. pannonica
Synonyms: hidden
= Gentiana ×komnensis F.Mayer; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 108: 510 (1961)
species :
Gentiana ×marcailhouana
Rouy; Naturaliste 12: 263 (1890)
Distribution: SE-France; etc.
12 FRA
Remarks: Gentiana burseri x G. lutea
species :
Gentiana ×marceli-jouseaui
Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 7(2): 72 (2000)
Distribution: Kyrgyzstan
32 KGZ
Remarks: Gentiana kaufmanniana x olgae
species :
Gentiana ×pallidocyanea
J.S.Pringle; Trans. Wisconsin Acad. Sci. 53: 279 (1964)
Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Wisconsin)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA
Remarks: Gentiana andrewsii x Gentiana alba
