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458.0000 Family Caprifoliaceae Adans.; Fam. Pl. 2: 153 (1763), nom. cons.
32-37 genera, ca. 1100 spp. Phylogeny see Lee et al. 2021, Wang et al. 2025
Species listed in database: 1083; hybrids: 34
= Diervillaceae Pyck; Taxon 47: 658 (1998)
= Dipsacaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 194 (1789), nom. cons.
= Linnaeaceae Backlund; Taxon 47: 658 (1998)
= Loniceraceae D.L.Fu; Amer. J. Agric. Forest. 12(5): 352 (2024), nom. illeg.
= Loniceraceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 272, 296 (1818)
= Loniceropsida Brongn.; Enum. Pl. Mus. Paris: xvii, 47 (1843)
= Morinaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 88 (1820)
= Scabiosaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 563 (1820)
= Triplostegiaceae A.E.Bobrov ex Airy Shaw; Kew Bull. 18: 269 (1965)
= Valerianaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 227 (1802) nom. cons.
458.5004 Genus Fedia Gaertn.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 36, t. 86, f. 3 (1791), nom. cons.
Distribution: Mediterranean. The genus is sometimes included in a Valeriana sensu latissimo, which seems too much lumping. A split of Valeriana into several genera would make more sense.
Species listed in database: 3
= Mitrophora Neck.; Elem. Bot. [Necker] 1: 123 (1790)
species :
Fedia cornucopiae (L.) Gaertn.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 37 (1790)
Distribution: S-Portugal; S-Spain; N-Morocco
12 POR SPA 20 MOR
Remarks: Mathez & Xena (1990) divided F. cornucopiae in 3 species. The distribution of F. cornucopiae s. str. is restricted to S-Iberian peninsula and N-Morocco; what was formerly called cornucopiae is mostly F. graciliflora.
Synonyms: hidden
= Fedia cornucopiae var. scorpioides (Dufr.) J.López & Devesa; Acta Bot. Malac. 28: 205 (2003)
= Fedia graeca Dufr.; Hist. Nat. Valér. 56 (1811)
= Fedia incrassata Moench; Methodus [Moench] 486 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Fedia langei Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 1: 73 (1874)
= Fedia scorpioides Dufr.; Hist. Nat. Méd. Fam. Valér. 55 (1811)
= Fedia scorpioides var. atropurpurea Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 20: 24 (1929)
= Mitrophora cornucopia (L.) Raf.; Chlor. Aetn. 5 (1813)
= Mitrophora cornucopiae (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 302 (1891), isonym
= Valeriana cornucopiae L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 31 (1753)
= Valeriana ringens Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 56 (1796), nom. superfl.
= Valerianella cornucopiae (L.) Loisel.; Fl. Gall. [Loiseleur] 2: 23 (1807)
species :
Fedia graciliflora Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Index Sem. (St. Petersburg [Petropolitanus]) 6: 59 (1840)
subspecies :
subsp. graciliflora
Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Morocco; Turkey [I]; Australia [I] (South Australia [I])
11 ger 12 BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ITA PEL PTL SIC 20 MOR 34 tur 50 aus
Remarks: This has been called ´F. cornucopiae´ in most of its distribution area
Synonyms: hidden
= Fedia caput-bovis Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 72 (1874)
= Fedia cornucopiae subsp. caput-bovis (Pomel) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 100 (1983)
= Fedia cornucopiae subsp. graciliflora (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. (1879)
= Fedia cornucopiae var. graciliflora (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 490 (1878)
= Valeriana graciliflora (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Byng & Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 148 (2018)
variant :
var. insularis Mathez & Xena; Naturalia Monspel., Sér. Bot. 54: 45 (1989 publ. 1990)
Distribution: Baleares (Mallorca); Sicily; Malta
12 BAL 13 MLT SIC
subspecies :
subsp. calycina (Maire) Mathez & Xena; Naturalia Monspel., Sér. Bot. 54: 50 (1989 publ. 1990)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
Synonyms: hidden
= Fedia calycina Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 22: 6, 294 (1931)
= Fedia caput-bovis subsp. calycina (Maire) Quézel & Santa; Nouv. Fl. Algér. 2(2): 884 (1963)
= Valeriana calycina (Maire) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 147 (2018)
subspecies :
subsp. diana Mathez & Xena; Naturalia Monspel., Sér. Bot. 54: 52 (1989 publ. 1990)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
subspecies :
subsp. snassenorum Mathez & Xena; Naturalia Monspel., Sér. Bot. 54: 46 (1989 publ. 1990)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Fedia caput-bovis var. pomeliana Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 724 (1934), nomen
= Fedia cornucopiae var. heterocarpa (Pomel) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 723 (1934)
= Fedia heterocarpa Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 71 (1874)
= Valeriana heterocarpa (Pomel) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 148 (2018)
subspecies :
subsp. sulcata (Pomel) Mathez & Xena; Naturalia Monspel., Sér. Bot. 54: 47 (1989 publ. 1990)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
Synonyms: hidden
= Fedia decipiens Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 73 (1874)
= Fedia graciliflora var. longiflora Mathez & Xena; Naturalia Monspel., Sér. Bot. 54: 49 (1989 publ. 1990)
= Fedia graciliflora var. sulcata (Pomel) Mathez & Xena; Naturalia Monspel., Sér. Bot. 54: 47 (1989 publ. 1990)
= Fedia scorpioides var. decipiens (Pomel) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 20: 24 (1929)
= Fedia sulcata Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 72 (1874)
= Valeriana sulcata (Pomel) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 149 (2018)
species :
Fedia pallescens (Maire) Mathez; Mem. Soc. Brot. 27: 168 (1977)
subspecies :
subsp. pallescens
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Fedia caput-bovis var. pallescens Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 16: 34-35 (1925)
= Fedia cornucopiae var. pallida Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 16: 34 (1925)
= Valeriana pallescens (L.) Byng & Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 149 (2018)
subspecies :
subsp. hirsuta (Emb. & Maire) Mathez & Xena; Naturalia Monspel., Sér. Bot. 54: 55 (1989 publ. 1990)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Fedia cornucopiae var. hirsuta Emb. & Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 21-22: 35 (1930)
= Fedia cornucopiae var. papillosa Maire; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 13: 269 (1933)
= Valeriana hirsuta (Emb. & Maire) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 148 (2018)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life