450.0000
Family
Asteraceae Dumort.; Comment. Bot. 55 (1822)
1620 genera, ca. 29.000 spp. (35.000 spp. incl. microspecies). Systematics taken mostly from Funk et al. (2009, 2020) and other recent publications. Barnadesioideae might be its own family, related to Calyceraceae.
Species listed in database: 35163; hybrids: 686
= Acarnaceae Link; (1829)
= Ambrosiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 254 (1820), nom. cons.
= Anthemidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Aposeridaceae Raf.; New Fl. N. Amer. 4: 106 (1838)
= Arctotaceae Bessey; Nebraska Univ. Stud. 14: 107 (1914)
= Arctotidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Artemisiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 48 (1820)
= Athanasiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 56 (1820)
= Calendulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Carduaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Carlinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Centaureaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Cichoriaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. 168 (1789), nom. cons.
= Cnicaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 297 (1818)
= Compositae Giseke; Prael. Ord. Nat. Pl. 538 (1792), nom. cons.
= Coreopsidaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 768 (1829)
= Cynaraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. 926, 931, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Echinopaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Eupatoriaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 253 (1820)
= Gnaphaliaceae Link ex F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 46 (1830)
= Grindeliaceae Rchb. ex A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 330 (1907)
= Heleniaceae Raf.; Cincinnati Lit. Gaz. 2: 28 (1824)
= Helianthaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Helichrysaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 712 (1829)
= Inulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Ivaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 1: 31 (1837)
= Lactucaceae Drude; J. A. Schenk, Handb. Bot. 3(2): 369 (1886)
= Lapsanaceae Martinov; (1820)
= Madiaceae A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 332 (1907)
= Matricariaceae Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 400 (1845)
= Mutisiaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. 934, 935, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Nassauviaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 290 (1836)
= Partheniaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 816 (1829)
= Perdiciaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 728 (1829)
= Picridaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 482 (1820)
= Santolinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 560 (1820)
= Senecionaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Serratulaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 577 (1820)
= Tanacetaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Tussilagaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Vernoniaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 296 (1836)
= Xanthiaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Xeranthemaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. 498 (1843)
450.3238
Genus
Centaurea L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 909 (1753)
Distribution: mostly Europe, Mediterranean and W-Asia, few E-Asia, trop. Africa. Delimitation and status of species (or subspecies) is fairly controversial. Recently, more former subspecies are (again) recognized as species. Retention of Cyanus and Lopholoma as subgenera fide Hilbert et al. (2014)
Species listed in database: 776; hybrids: 72
= Acosta DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 5: 90 (1836), nom. illeg.
= Acrocentron Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2 [F. Cuvier] 44: 37 (1826)
= Acrolophus Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2 [F. Cuvier] 50: 253 (1827)
= Alophium Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 54: 493 (1828)
= Ammocyanus (Boiss.) Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung., 19(1 -4): 78 (1973)
= Antaurea Neck.; Elem. Bot. 1: 70 (1790), nom. inval.
= Behen Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 41 (1762)
= Benedicta Bernh.; Syst. Verz. Erf. 108 (1800)
= Calcitrapa Heist. ex Fabr.; Enum. Meth. Pl. 94 (1759)
= Calcitrapoides Fabr.; Enum. Meth. Pl. 94 (1759)
= Carbeni Adans.; Fam. Pl. 2: 116, 532 (1763), nom. superfl.
= Cardosanctus Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 2: 152 (1899), nom. superfl.
= Centaurium Haller; Hist. Stirp. Helv. 1: 69 (1768), nom. illeg.
= Cestrinus Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2 [F. Cuvier] 8: 24 (1817)
= Chartolepis Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 44: 36 (1826)
= Cheirolepis Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 106 (1849)
= Chrysopappus Takht.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 7: 275 (1938)
= Cistrum Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 36 (1762)
= Cnicus Gaertn.; Fruct. 2: 385, t. 162 (1791)
= Cnicus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 826 (1753), nom. cons.
= Colymbada Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 31 (1762)
= Crepula Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 9 (1762)
= Cyanus Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4.: s.p. (1754)
= Cynaroides (Boiss. ex Walp.) Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung., 19(1-4): 77 (1973)
= Eremopappus Takht.; Proc. Acad. Sci. Armen. SSR 2: No. 1, 25 (1945), reimpr.
= Erinacella (Rech.f.) Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 19: 77 (1973)
= Eriopha Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 47 (1762)
= Grossheimia Sosn. & Takht.; Proc. Acad. Sci. Armen. SSR 3: No. 1, 22 (1945)
= Heraclea Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 37 (1762)
= Hierapicra Siegesb. ex Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 346 (1891)
= Hippophaestum Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 443 (1821)
= Hookia Neck.; Elem. Bot. 1: 70 (1790), nom. inval.
= Hyalea (DC.) Jaub. & Spach; Illustr. 3: 19, t. 214-217, 292 (1847)
= Hymenocentron Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 44: 37 (1826)
= Jacea Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4 (1754)
= Lepteranthus Neck. ex Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 96 (1869)
= Leucacantha Nieuwl. & Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 5: 71 (1917)
= Leucantha Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 443 (1821)
= Lopholoma Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 44: 37 (1826)
= Melanoloma Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2 [F. Cuvier] 29: 472 (1823)
= Menomphalus Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 32 (1874)
= Mesocentron Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2 [F. Cuvier] 44: 38 (1826), nom. superfl.
= Microlophus Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 44: 37 (1826)
= Paraphysis (DC.) Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 19: 76 (1973)
= Pectinastrum Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 44: 38 (1826)
= Petrodavisia Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 10(2): 193 (1975)
= Phaeopappus (DC.) Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 6: 122 (1846)
= Phalolepis Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2 [F. Cuvier] 50: 248 (1827)
= Philostizus Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2 [F. Cuvier] 39: 498 (1826)
= Phrygia (Pers.) Bosc; Déterv., Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., ed. 2, 26: 17 (1818)
= Piptoceras Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2 [F. Cuvier] 50: 469 (1827)
= Platylophus Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2 [F. Cuvier] 44: 36 (1826), nom. rej.
= Plumosipappus Czerep.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 20: 457 (1960)
= Podia Neck.; Elem. Bot. 1: 72 (1790), nom. inval.
= Polyacantha Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 443 (1821)
= Psora Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 30 (1762)
= Pterolophus Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 44: 34 (1826)
= Pycnocomus Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 38 (1762), nom. superfl.
= Rhacoma Adans.; Fam. Pl. 2: 117 (1763), nom. illeg.
= Rhaponticum Ludwig; Inst. Reg. Veg., ed. 2: 123 (1757), nom. superfl.
= Sagmen Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 35 (1762)
= Seridia Juss.; Gen. 173 (1789)
= Setachna Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 518 (1867)
= Solstitiaria Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 21 (1762)
= Sphaerocephala Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 48 (1762)
= Spilacron Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 50: 238 (1827)
= Staebe Hill; Veg. Syst. 3: 145 (1761) 4: 33 (1762)
= Stenolophus Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2 [F. Cuvier] 44: 35 (1826), nom. superfl.
= Stephanochilus Coss. & Durieu ex Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. 2: 477 (1873)
= Tetramorphaea DC.; Guill. Arch. Bot. 2: 331 (1833)
= Tomanthea DC.; Prod. 5I. 564 (1837)
= Triplocentron Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 44: 38 (1826)
= Veltis Adans.; Fam. 2: 116 (1763) 2: 116 (1763)
= Verutina Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 44: 38 (1826) 58: 8 (1829)
= Wagenitzia Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung., 19(1-4): 76 (1973)
= xAcostitrapa Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 83: 655 (1973)
= xColycea Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 21 (1982)
= xColymbacosta Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 83: 656 (1973)
= xJaceacosta Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 83: 655 (1973)
= xJaceitrapa Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 83: 656 (1973)
Search for: Centaurea longipedunculata
Nothing found!
species :
Centaurea acarnanica
(Matthäs) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea subciliaris subsp. acarnanica Matthäs; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 95(4): 430 (1976)
species :
Centaurea acaulis
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 914 (1753)
Distribution: France [I]; Isole Pelagie [I] (Lampedusa [I]); Algeria; Tunisia
12 fra 13 pel 20 ALG TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Aetheopappus balansae (Boiss. & Reut.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 604 (1875)
= Amblyopogon balansae (Boiss. & Reut.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 604 (1875)
= Centaurea acaulis subsp. balansae (Boiss. & Reut.) Maire
= Centaurea balansae Boiss. & Reut.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 82 (1856)
= Centaurea chamaerhaponticum Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 526 (1878)
= Centaurea chouletteana Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 31 (1874)
= Centaurea nidulans Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 280 (1874)
= Centaurea pharaonis Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 281 (1874)
= Cestrinus carthamoides Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 8: 24 (1817)
= Colymbada acaulis (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
= Colymbada balansae (Boiss. & Reut.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
= Cynara humilis Juss.; Gen. 173 (1789) non L. 1753
= Menomphalus acaulis (L.) Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 33 (1874)
= Menomphalus choulettiana (Pomel) Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 33 (1874)
= Serratula acaulis (L.) DC.; Diss. Comp. 2: 31
species :
Centaurea achaia
Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3(3): 79 (1856)
subspecies :
subsp. achaia
Distribution: Greece (C-Greece, Attiki, Peloponnisos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Carduiformes
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea achaia var. intermedia Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 80 (1856)
= Centaurea achaia var. submutica Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 79 (1856)
= Centaurea eryngioides Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. t. 913 (1840)
= Centaurea sibthorpii Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 635 (1898)
= Colymbada achaia (Boiss. & Heldr.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
= Colymbada sibthorpii (Halácsy) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 316 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. corinthiaca
(Boiss. & Heldr.) Phitos & T.Georgiadis; Bot. Chronika 1(2): 102 (1981)
Distribution: Greece (Achaia)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea corinthiaca Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 6: 113 (1859)
species :
Centaurea achilleifolia
Homrani-Bakali & Susanna; Phytotaxa 542(1): 84 (2022)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
species :
Centaurea achtarovii
Urum.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 19: 37 (1920)
Distribution: SW-Bulgaria (Pirin Planina)
13 BUL
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea montana subsp. achtarovii (Urum.) Hayek
= Centaurea triumfettii subsp. achtarovii (Urum.) Kozuharov & N.Andreev; Opred. Vissh. Rast. Bulg. 785 (1992)
= Cyanus achtarovii (Urum.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
species :
Centaurea acicularis
Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 2: 203 (1813), et Fl. Graec. t. 911 (1840)
Name: Nadel-Flockenblume (DE); Needle Star-thistle (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Ikaria, Dodecanese, Samos, Kos, Symi, Chalki, Rhodos); Turkey (W-Anatolia)
34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea acicularis var. urvillei Boiss.
= Centaurea chrysoleuca Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 678 (1875)
= Centaurea exscapa d´Urv.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 373 (1822)
= Colymbada acicularis (Sm.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 143 (1973)
= Colymbada exscapa (d´Urv.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
species :
Centaurea acmophylla
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 68 (1856)
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan)
33 ARM AZE
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea schelkovnikovii Sosn.; Trud. Azerb. Otdyel. Zakavk. Fil. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Sect. Bot. 1: 47 (1933)
= Centaurea zangesura Grossh.; Vestn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada, 1924-25, n. s. Pt. 2, 89 (1926) ex Sosn.
= Cyanus acmophyllus (Boiss.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 131 (1972)
species :
Centaurea adami
Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 2310 (1803)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Switzerland; Slovakia; Italy; Sicily; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Bulgaria; N-Greece (mountains); E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Georgia [Caucasus]
11 ger SLO SWI 13 BUL GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA SIC SRB 14 KRY MLD RUS UKR 33 GEO
Remarks: Subgen. Solstitiaria. Often included in C. solstitialis as subspecies
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa adami (Willd.) Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 409 (1866)
= Calcitrapa solstitialis subsp. adami (Willd.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 133 (1972)
= Centaurea solstitialis subsp. adami (Willd.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 430 (1879)
= Seridia adami (Willd.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
species :
Centaurea adamovicii
Velen.; Fl. Bulg., Suppl. 1: 173 (1898)
Distribution: Bulgaria
13 BUL
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus adamovicii (Velen.) Skokanová; Pl. Syst. Evol. 305(8): 585 (2019)
species :
Centaurea adpressa
Ledeb.; Ind. Sem. Hort. Dorpat. 3 (1824)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Slovakia; Romania; S-European Russia; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Northern Caucasus; Azerbaijan; China (Nei Mongol, N-Xinjiang)
11 ger SLO 13 ROM 14 KRY MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ UZB 33 AZE NCS 36 CHI
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Lopholoma. Often included in C. scabiosa s. l. as subspecies
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea apiculata subsp. adpressa (Ledeb.) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71: 196 (1976)
= Centaurea scabiosa subsp. adpressa (Ledeb.) Gugler; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Natl. Hung. 6: 132 (1907)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. adpressa (Ledeb.) DC.
= Centaurea spinulosa subsp. adpressa (Ledeb.) Soldano; Boll. Mus. Civico Storia Nat. Verona 18: 344 (1994)
= Colymbada adpressa (Ledeb.) Holub; Preslia 46: 228 (1974)
species :
Centaurea aegyptiaca
L.; Mant. Pl. 118 (1767)
Distribution: Egypt (Eastern Desert, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, SE-Egypt); Sudan; Israel (Rift Valley, N-Negev Desert, S-Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, S-Sinai); Saudi Arabia (N-Saudi Arabia, Asir, Nejd Desert); Oman (Mascat & Oman)
20 EGY 24 SUD 34 ISR SIN 35 OMA SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa aegyptiaca (L.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (nomen) (1826)
= Centaurea cancellata Sieber ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4: 406 (1827)
= Centaurea eriophora Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 74. n. 465 (1775), nom. illeg.
species :
Centaurea aeolica
Guss. ex Lojac.; Fl. Sic. 2: 1. 136 (1902)
subspecies :
subsp. aeolica
Distribution: Sicily (Isole Lipari)
13 SIC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Willkommia
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta aeolica (Guss. ex Lojac.) Holub; Preslia 46: 226 (1974)
= Centaurea aplolepa subsp. aeolica (Guss. ex Lojac.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 202 (1976)
= Centaurea cineraria var. aeolica (Guss. ex Lojac.) Fiori; Fiori et al., Fl. Anal. Italia 3: 334 (1904)
subspecies :
subsp. pandataria
(Fiori & Bég.) Anzal.; Boll. Soc. Sarda Sci. Nat. 30: 512 (1994-95 publ. 1995)
Distribution: W-Italy (Ventotene Isl.)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea aplolepa subsp. pandataria (Fiori & Bég.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 202 (1976)
= Centaurea cineraria var. pandataria Fiori & Bég.; Fiori et al., Fl. Anal. Italia 3: 334 (1904)
= Centaurea pandataria (Fiori & Bég.) Bég.; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 3: 443 (1905)
species :
Centaurea aetaliae
(Sommier) Bég.; Arch. Bot. (Forlì) 7: 93 (1931)
Distribution: Italy (Isola Elba)
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Willkommia
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea aplolepa subsp. aetaliae (Sommier) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 203 (1976)
= Centaurea paniculata var. aetaliae Sommier; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 9: 329 (1902)
species :
Centaurea aetolica
Phitos & T.Georgiadis; Bot. Chronika 1(2): 104 (1981)
Distribution: WC-Greece
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta aetolica (Guss. ex Lojac.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
species :
Centaurea affinis
Friv.; Flora (Regensburg) 19: 435 (1836)
subspecies :
subsp. affinis
Distribution: Germany [I]; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (mountains of mainland)
11 ger 13 ALB BUL GRC KOS NMA ROM SRB TUE
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Pannophyllum
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta affinis (Friv.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 133 (1972)
= Centaurea cinerea Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 236 (1846) non Lam. 1785
= Centaurea dissecta subsp. affinis (Friv.) Maire
= Centaurea rupestris Kit. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 322 (1840)
= Centaurea sulphurea Lag.; Gen. et Sp. Nov. 32 (1816)
subspecies :
subsp. balcanica
(Urum. & H.Wagner) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 196 (1976)
Distribution: N-Bulgaria
13 BUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea balcanica Urum. & H.Wagner; Magyar Bot. Lapok 6: 166 (1907)
= Acosta balcanica (Urum. & J.Wagner) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
subspecies :
subsp. candida
(Velen.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 197 (1976)
Distribution: S-Bulgaria
13 BUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea candida Velen.; Fl. Bulg. 315 (1891)
= Acosta candida (Velen.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 303 (1977)
subspecies :
subsp. denudata
(Halácsy) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
Distribution: C-Greece
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea affinis var. denudata Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 593 (1898)
= Centaurea pallidior subsp. denudata (Halácsy) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 197 (1976)
subspecies :
subsp. laconiae
Prodan; Centaur. Roman. 137 (1930)
Distribution: Greece (Peloponnisos, C-Greece)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea affinis subsp. peloponnesiaca (Halácsy) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 196 (1976)
= Centaurea affinis var. peloponesiaca Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boissier 6: 593 (1898)
subspecies :
subsp. pallidior
(Halácsy) Hayek; Arh. Minist. Zeml. Darz. Imoti 4-5: 1186 (1925)
Distribution: Bulgaria; Greece (scattered in mountains)
13 BUL GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta pallidior (Halácsy) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
= Centaurea grisebachii subsp. paucijuga (Halácsy) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 198 (1976)
= Centaurea pallidior Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 594 (1898)
= Centaurea paucijuga Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 595 (1898)
= Centaurea paucijuga var. melanolepis Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boissier 6: 596 (1898)
species :
Centaurea aggregata
Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 585 (1838)
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)
33 ARM AZE 34 IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta aggregata (Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex DC.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 133 (1972)
= Centaurea aggregata subsp. albida (K.Koch) Bornm.
= Centaurea aggregata var. argyrea Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 60B: 210 (1939)
= Centaurea albida K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 433 (1851)
= Centaurea amani Post; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 24: 434 (1888)
= Centaurea chrysolopha Boiss. & Kotschy; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 75 (1856)
= Centaurea desmicephala Fenzl; Index Sem. (WU, Vindobonensis) 1855: ? (1855)
= Centaurea pauciflora K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 433 (1851)
= Centaurea virgata subsp. aggregata (Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex DC.) Gugler; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Natl. Hung. 6: 248 (1908)
species :
Centaurea ahverdovii
Gabrieljan; Fl. Rast. Rast. Res. Armenii (Sborn. Nauch. Trud. 13): 22 (1991)
Distribution: Armenia
33 ARM
Remarks: Subgen. Grossheimia
Synonyms: hidden
= Grossheimia ahverdovii (Gabrieljan) Gabrieljan; Fl. Armen. 9: 332 (1995)
species :
Centaurea ainetensis
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 117 (1849)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon); Syria
34 LEB SYR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea eryngioides var. ainetensis (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 659 (1875)
species :
Centaurea akamantis
T.Georgiadis & Hadjik.; Willdenowia 23(1-2): 157 (1993)
Distribution: Cyprus
34 CYP
Conservation Status: IUCN CR. Known only from two small populations
species :
Centaurea akmanii
Yild.; Ot Sist. Bot. Derg. 19(2): 7 (2012)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea akroteriensis
Gennaio & Q.G.Manni; Phytotaxa 436(3): 260 (2020)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Centaurea aksoyi
Hamzaoglu & Budak; Nordic J. Bot. 27: 16 (2009)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea aladaghensis
Wagenitz; Willdenowia 2: 481, f. 4 (1961)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea alba
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 914 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. alba
Name: Weiße Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain
11 ger 12 POR SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. macrocephala (Pau) Talavera; Lagascalia 12(2): 248 (1984)
= Centaurea alba subsp. strepens (Hoffmanns. & Link) Rocha Afonso; Bol. Soc. Brot. 54: 228 1980-(1981 publ. 1981)
= Centaurea alba var. concolor DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 569 (1838)
= Centaurea alba var. macrocephala Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 1916: 15 (1916)
= Centaurea deusta var. heterochlamyda Sennen; Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.) 1929: no. 7154 (1930), nom. nud.
= Centaurea globosa DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 569 (1838)
= Centaurea leucolepis Ten. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 420 (1879)
= Centaurea nitida Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 49 (1779)
= Centaurea segoviensis Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 513 (1905)
= Centaurea splendens Ten.; Syll. Pl. Fl. Neapol. 628 (1831), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea strepens Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 236 (1820-34)
= Centaurea strobilacea Scop.; Delic. Fl. Faun. Insubr. 1: 38 (1786)
= Phalolepis alba (L.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 50: 249 (1828)
= Pterolophus pinnatifidus Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 50: 250 (1826)
variant :
var. latronum
(Pau) E.López & Devesa; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 6: 44 (2011)
Distribution: NC-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. latronum (Pau) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 205 (1976)
= Centaurea latronum f. virens Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 6: 27 (1907)
= Centaurea latronum Pau; Not. Bot. 6: 67 (1895)
subspecies :
subsp. aristifera
(Pau ex Vicioso) E.López & Devesa; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 6: 45 (2011)
Distribution: EC-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea aristifera Pau ex Vicioso; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 5: 234 (1906)
subspecies :
subsp. tartesiana
Talavera; Lagascalia 12(2): 248 (1984)
Distribution: SW-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea tartesiana (Talavera) Rivas Mart., A.Asensi, Molero Mesa & F.Valle; Rivasgodaya 6: 24 (1991)
species :
Centaurea albanica
Halácsy ex Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 38: 11. 459 (1921)
Name: Aschgraue Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; North Macedonia; NW-Greece (mountains)
11 ger 13 GRC NMA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. albanica (Halácsy) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 205 (1976)
= Centaurea chthonocephala Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 677 (1875)
= Centaurea geocephala Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 677 (1875)
= Centaurea lasiorhiza DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 600 (1838)
= Centaurea ustulata Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 2: 134 (1902), nom. illeg., non DC.
= Psephellus ustulatus Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 576 (1838)
species :
Centaurea albertii
Rexhepi; Glasn. Prir. Muz. Beogradu, B 41: 28 (1986), without latin descr., et in Fl. Srbije 10: 351 (1986)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo
13 KOS SRB
species :
Centaurea albofimbriata
Stef. & T.Georgiev; Spis. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 44: 167 (1931)
Distribution: Bulgaria
13 BUL
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea triumfettii subsp. pirinensis (Degen, Urum. & H.Wagner) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71: 208 (1976)
= Centaurea variegata var. pirinensis Degen, Urum. & H.Wagner; Magyar Bot. Lapok 13: 188 (1914)
= Cyanus albofimbriatus (Stef. & T.Georgiev) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
species :
Centaurea albonitens
Turrill; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1930: 427 (1930)
Distribution: Armenia; Turkey (E-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)
33 ARM 34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea carthamoides Chevall.; Fl. Gen. Environs Paris 2(2): 569 (1827)
= Phaeopappus carthamoides (DC.) Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 6: 125 (1846)
= Tomanthea carthamoides (DC.) Takht.; Trud. Molod. Uchen. Armyan. Fil. Akad. Nauk USSR 243 (1939)
species :
Centaurea alejandrei
Patino, Urrutia & J.Valencia; Flora Montiber. 88: 88 (2024)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
variant :
var. leronensis
Patino, Urrutia & J.Valencia; Flora Montiber. 88: 88 (2024)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
species :
Centaurea alexandrina
Delile; Ill. Fl. Égypte 373, t. 49, f. 3 (1813)
Name: Alexandriner Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; France [I]; Italy [I]; Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); Mali; Chad
11 ger 12 fra 13 ita 20 EGY LBY 22 MLI 24 CHA
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa alexandrina (Delile) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 133 (1972)
= Centaurea pallescens Bové ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 597 (1838)
species :
Centaurea alfonsoi
Negaresh; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 51(3): 195 (2014)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea ali-beyana
Font Quer & Pau; Iter Marocc. No. 696 [1928]. (1927)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ali-beyana Font Quer; Cavanillesia 1: 79 (1928), in adnot.,nomen.
species :
Centaurea alveicola
Rech.f.; Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 72: 283 (1959)
Distribution: Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia)
34 IRQ
species :
Centaurea amadanensis
Sch.Bip.; Linnaea 19: 326 (1847)
subspecies :
subsp. amadanensis
Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Amberboa decurrens DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 560 (1838)
= Paraphysis decurrens (DC.) Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 19: 77 (1973)
= Phaeopappus decurrens (DC.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 600 (1875)
= Tomanthea decurrens (DC.) Takht.; Trudy Molod. Uchen. Armyan. Fil. Akad. Nauk USSR 1939: 243 (1939)
subspecies :
subsp. gymnoclada
(Jaub. & Spach) Negaresh; Phytotaxa 363(1): 20 (2018)
Distribution: Iraq
34 IRQ
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea amadanensis var. gymnoclada (Benth. & Hook.f.) Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 191 (1963)
= Centaurea gymnoclada Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. 2: 482 (1873)
= Phaeopappus decurrens var. anoplos Bornm.; Beitr. Fl. Sudwest-Irans 4: 30 (1945)
= Phaeopappus decurrens var. gymnocladus (Benth. & Hook.f.) Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 32(2): 413 (1914)
= Phaeopappus gymnocladus Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 3(21-23): 15 (1847)
= Tomanthea gymnoclada (Benth. & Hook.f.) Takht.; Trudy Armyansk. Fil. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. Biol. 1939: 243 (1939)
subspecies :
subsp. ranjbarii
Negaresh; Phytotaxa 363(1): 20 (2018)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea amaena
Boiss. & Balansa; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 6: 112 (1859)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis
species :
Centaurea amanicola
Hub.-Mor.; Bauhinia 3: 322, t. 28 (1967)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea amanosensis
M.Bona; Pl. Biosystems 150(5): 1083 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea ambigua
Guss.; Ind. Sem. Horto Boccad. 1826: 3 (1826)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea laciniata Guss.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 582 (1838)
= Centaurea ambigua subsp. laciniata (Guss.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. 392 (1882)
species :
Centaurea amblensis
Graells; Mem. Real Acad. Ci. Exact. Madrid 2: 462 (1859)
subspecies :
subsp. amblensis
Distribution: N-Portugal; C- & SW-Spain
12 POR SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Subsect. Lagascanae
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea amblensis f. luisieri (Samp.) M.Laínz; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 13: 490 (1956)
= Centaurea luisieri Samp.; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 14: 104 (1916)
= Colymbada amblensis (Graells) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 19 (1982)
subspecies :
subsp. tendudaica
(Rivas Goday) Rivas Mart.; Lagascalia 15(Extra): 116 (1988)
Distribution: SW-Spain (Sierra Tudia)
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea amblensis var. tentudaica (Rivas Goday) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 1: 1 (1982)
= Centaurea tentudaica (Rivas Goday) Rivas Goday & Rivas Mart.; Lazaroa 2: 328 (1980)
= Centaurea toletana subsp. tentudaica Rivas Goday; Veg. Fl. Cuenca Extr. Guadiana 666 (1964)
= Colymbada amblensis var. tentudaica (Rivas Goday) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 19 (1982)
species :
Centaurea ammocyanus
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 109 (1849)
Distribution: ?Libya; Egypt (NE-Egypt); Iraq (S-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran); Lebanon (Antilebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, Jbel Druze); Israel (C-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia)
20 EGY 34 IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR 35 SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Ammocyanus arabicus Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung., 19 (1 -4): 78 (1973) (nom. nov. superfl.)
species :
Centaurea anathoth
Al-Hali; Gazelle Palestinian Biol. Bull. 127: 10, figs. 1-4 (2015), nom. inval.
Distribution: Palestine
34 PAL
species :
Centaurea ankarica
Uysal & Hamzaoglu; Türl. Hab. 3(2): 83 (2022)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea antalyensis
H.Duman & A.Duran; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 39: 45 (2002)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis
species :
Centaurea antennata
Dufour; Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 23: 158 (1831)
subspecies :
subsp. antennata
Distribution: E-Spain (Tarragona, Valencia)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Lepteranthus
Synonyms: hidden
= Jacea antennata (Dufour) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 229 (1974)
subspecies :
subsp. caballeroi
(Pau & Font Quer) M.B.Crespo, López-Alvarado, L.Sáez & Mateo; Fl. Montiberica 52: 74 (2012)
Distribution: E-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea caballeroi Pau & Font Quer; Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 18: 82 (1918)
= Centaurea linifolia subsp. caballeroi (Font Quer & Pau ex Font Quer) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 92 (1987 publ. (1988)
= Centaurea linifolia var. caballeroi (Font Quer & Pau ex Font Quer) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17: 92 (1988)
subspecies :
subsp. meridionalis
(O.Bolòs & Vigo) Serra & M.B.Crespo; Ruizia 19: 858 (2008)
Distribution: SE-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea antennata var. meridionalis (O.Bolòs & Vigo) M.A.Navarro & M.B.Crespo; Sierra Reclot 58 (1999)
= Centaurea linifolia var. meridionalis O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 92 (1987 publ. 1988)
= Centaurea linifolia var. submollis Rouy; Excurs. Bot. Espagne 1881-1882 2: 72 (1883)
species :
Centaurea anthemifolia
Hub.-Mor.; Bauhinia 3: 319, t. 23 (1967)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
species :
Centaurea antiochia
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 115 (1849)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
variant :
var. praealta
(Boiss. & Balansa) Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33(3): 429 (1975)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea praealta Boiss. & Balansa; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 5: 112 (1856)
species :
Centaurea antitauri
Hayek; Centaurea Exsicc. Crit. II no, 57 (1914)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Phaeopappus rupestris Boiss. & Hausskn.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 598 (1875)
= Tomanthea rupestris (Boiss. & Hausskn.) Takht.; Trud. Molod. Uchen. Armyan. Fil. Akad. Nauk USSR, 242 (1939)
species :
Centaurea aphrodisea
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 4: 17 (1844)
Distribution: Turkey (W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
species :
Centaurea apiculata
Ledeb.; Ind. Sem. Horti Dorpat., Suppl. 3 (1824)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Hungary; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; S-European Russia; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan
11 ger HUN 13 ALB BUL KOS NMA ROM SRB 14 BLR KRY MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ UZB 33 AZE GEO NCS
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Lopholoma. Often included in C. scabiosa s. l. as subspecies
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea apiculata subsp. spinulosa (Rochel ex Spreng.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 196 (1976)
= Centaurea pseudocoriacea Dobrocz.; Ukrayins´k. Bot. Zhurn. 6: No. 2, 72 (1949)
= Centaurea scabiosa subsp. apiculata (Ledeb.) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 85(3): 117 (2000)
= Centaurea scabiosa subsp. spinulosa (Rochel ex Spreng.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. 390 (1882)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. angustata Ledeb.; Fl. Altaic. 4: 48 (1833)
= Centaurea spinulosa Rochel; 76, t. XXXVI (1828), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea spinulosa Rochel ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 403 (1826)
= Centaurea spinulosa subsp. apiculata (Ledeb.) Soldano; Boll. Mus. Civico Storia Nat. Verona 18: 344 (1994)
= Colymbada apiculata (Ledeb.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
= Colymbada apiculata subsp. spinulosa (Rochel) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 13 (1984)
= Colymbada spinulosa (Rochel) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 228 (1974)
species :
Centaurea aplolepa
Moretti; Gior. Fis. (Brugnat.), Ser. 2, 9: 154 (1826)
subspecies :
subsp. aplolepa
Distribution: NW-Italy (Savona to Livorno)
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Willkommia
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta aplolepa (Moretti) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 142 (1973)
= Centaurea aeolica Guss. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 584 (1838)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. aplolepa (Moretti) Briq. & Cavill.; Burnat, Fl. Alpes Marit. 7: 172 (1931)
= Centaurea paniculata var. aplolepa (Moretti) Fiori; Fiori et al., Fl. Anal. Italia 3: 339 (1904)
= Centaurea rupicola Bad. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 426 (1879)
subspecies :
subsp. bertolonii
(Arrigoni) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 245-250 (2003)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea bertolonii Hausskn.; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Vereins 6: 34 (1894), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. bertolonii Arrigoni; Parlatorea 6: 60 (2003)
subspecies :
subsp. carueliana
(Micheletti) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 202 (1976)
Distribution: W-Italy (Carrara to Grossato, inland to Firenze)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea paniculata f. carueliana Micheletti; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 23: 316 (1891)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. carueliana (Micheletti) Arrigoni; Parlatorea 6: 69 (2003)
subspecies :
subsp. cosana
(Fiori) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 203 (1976)
Distribution: C-Italy (Mte. Argentario, near Orbetello)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. cosana (Fiori) Arrigoni; Parlatorea 6: 73 (2003)
= Centaurea paniculata var. cosana Fiori; Fiori et al., Fl. Anal. Italia 3: 338 (1904)
subspecies :
subsp. gallinariae
(Briq. & Cavill.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 203 (1976)
Distribution: NW-Italy (Isola Gallinara, Savona)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. gallinariae (Briq. & Cavill.) Arrigoni; Parlatorea 6: 55 (2003)
= Centaurea paniculata var. gallinariae Briq. & Cavill.; Burnat, Fl. Alpes Marit. 7: 175 (1931)
subspecies :
subsp. levantina
(Arrigoni) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 245-250 (2003)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. levantina Arrigoni; Parlatorea 6: 62 (2003)
subspecies :
subsp. lunensis
(Fiori) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 203 (1976)
Distribution: NW-Italy (Genova to La Spezia, NW-Appennini)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. lunensis (Fiori) Arrigoni; Parlatorea 6: 64 (2003)
= Centaurea paniculata var. lunensis Fiori; Fiori et al., Fl. Anal. Italia 3: 338 (1904)
subspecies :
subsp. maremmana
(Fiori) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 202 (1976)
Distribution: W-Italy (Livorno)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea paniculata f. maremmana Fiori; Fiori et al., Fl. Anal. Italia 3: 339 (1904)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. maremmana (Fiori) Arrigoni; Parlatorea 6: 71 (2003)
subspecies :
subsp. parvula
(Ces.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. 391 (1882)
Distribution: NW-Italy (near Pieve de Teco, prov. Imperia)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta ligustica (Gremli ex Briq.) Holub; Preslia 46: 226 (1974)
= Centaurea aplolepa subsp. ligustica (Gremli ex Briq.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 202 (1976)
= Centaurea aplolepa var. ligustica Gremli ex Briq.; Monogr. Centaurées Alpes Marit. 142 (1902)
= Centaurea aplolepa var. parvula Ces.; Comp. Fl. Italiana 2: 495 (1878)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. ligustica (Gremli ex Briq.) Arrigoni; Parlatorea 6: 73 (2003)
= Centaurea paniculata var. brunnescens Briq.; Monogr. Centaurées Alpes Marit. 152 (1902)
subspecies :
subsp. subciliata
(DC.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. 391 (1882)
Distribution: W-Italy (Genova to Livorno)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea aplolepa var. subciliata DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 584 (1838)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. subciliata (DC.) Arrigoni; Parlatorea 6: 67 (2003)
species :
Centaurea appendicata
Klokov; Trav. Inst. Bot., Univ. Kharkov, ed. Med. 1: 94, 101 (1936)
Distribution: SE-Ukraine (by west bank of R. Dnepr, below Zaporoz´e)
14 UKR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea margaritacea subsp. appendicata (Klokov) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 204 (1976)
species :
Centaurea arachnoidea
Viv.; Ann. Bot. 1(2): 185 (1804)
subspecies :
subsp. arachnoidea
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada arachnoidea (Viv.) Banfi, Galasso & Soldano; Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. Mus. Civico Storia Nat. Milano 146(2): 223 (2005)
subspecies :
subsp. adonidifolia
(Rchb.) F.Conti, Moraldo & Ricceri; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 48(3): 210 (2011)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea adonidifolia Rchb.; Mössler Handb. ed. 2, 2: 1545 (1829)
subspecies :
subsp. montis-ferrati
Ricceri, Moraldo & F.Conti; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 48(3): 213 (-215; fig.14) (2011)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Centaurea ardabilica
Ranjbar & Heydari; Phytotaxa 201(1): 80 (2015)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea arenaria
M.Bieb. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 2278 (1803)
Name: Sand-Flockenblume
Distribution: Hungary; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; S-European Russia; Latvia [I]; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Azerbaijan
11 HUN 13 BUL ROM TUE 14 KRY lat MLD RUS UKR 32 KAZ 33 AZE NCS
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Arenariae
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta arenaria (M.Bieb. ex Willd.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 133 (1972)
= Spilacron crupinoides Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2 [F. Cuvier] 50: 239 (1827)
species :
Centaurea argecillensis
Gredilla; Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 5: 431 (1903), Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14: 158
Distribution: C- & NE-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Subsect. Lagascanae
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea toletana subsp. argecillensis (Gredilla) A.Segura, Mateo & J.Benito; Cat. Florist. Prov. Soria 115 (1998)
= Centaurea toletana var. argecillensis (Gredilla) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 38(2): 530 (1981 publ. 1982)
= Colymbada argecillensis (Gredilla) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 304 (1977)
= Colymbada toletana var. argecillensis (Gredilla) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 19 (1982)
species :
Centaurea argentea
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 912 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. argentea
Distribution: Greece (Kithira); Crete
13 GRC KRI
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Pannophyllum
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta argentea (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 313 (1972)
= Centaurea ragusina Sm.; Fl. Graec. 10: 2, t. 903 non L.
subspecies :
subsp. chionantha
(Turland & L.Chilton) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
Distribution: Crete
13 KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea argentea var. chionantha Turland & L.Chilton; Bot. Chronika 13: 77 (2000)
subspecies :
subsp. macrothysana
(Rech.f.) Turland & L.Chilton; Bot. Chronika 13: 76 (2000)
Distribution: Crete
13 KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea argentea var. macrothysana Rech.f.; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 105(2,1): 151 (1944)
species :
Centaurea arifolia
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 112 (1849)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia); Syria (W-Syrian Mountains)
34 SYR TUR
species :
Centaurea aristata
Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 226 (1820 publ. 1828)
Distribution: Portugal; NW-Spain
12 POR SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta aristata (Hoffmanns. & Link) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
= Acosta castellana (Boiss. & Reut.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 313 (1972)
= Amblyopogon aristata (Hoffmanns. & Link) Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 66 (1856)
= Centaurea castellana Boiss. & Reut.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 6: 129 (1846)
= Centaurea castellana var. asperrima Sennen; Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 32: 101 (1932)
= Centaurea coerulescens var. aristata (Hoffmanns. & Link) Pau ex Merino; Fl. Galicia 2: 414 (1906)
= Centaurea escobilla Coss. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 426 (1879)
= Centaurea paniculata subvar. eucastellana Arènes; Agron. Lusit. 11: 19 (1949), nom. inval.
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. aristata (Hoffmanns. & Link) Cout.; Fl. Portugal 657 (1913)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. castellana (Boiss. & Reut.) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71: 199 (1976)
= Centaurea paniculata var. castellana (Boiss. & Reut.) Cout.; Fl. Portugal 657 (1913), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea paniculata var. castellana (Boiss. & Reut.) Gugler; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Natl. Hung. 6: 158 (1907)
= Phaeopappus aristatus (Hoffmanns. & Link) Jaub. & Spach; Illustr. 3: 18, t. 213 (1847)
species :
Centaurea armena
(Jaub. & Spach) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 676 (1875)
Distribution: Armenia; Turkey (E-Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia)
33 ARM 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea armena (Jaub. & Spach) Rech.f.; K. Danske Vid. Selsk., Biol. Skrift. 8: No. 2 (Symb. Afgh. II.) 184 (1955)
= Centaurea brevi-appendiculata Gugler; Centaur. Ungar. (Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungar. vi.) 241 (1907)
= Centaurea rhizantha Tchich.; Asie Min. Bot. 2: 320 (1860)
= Centaurea vacillans Rech.f.; Symb. Bot. Upsal. 11(5): 33.(1952)
= Phaeopappus armenus Jaub. & Spach; Illustr. 3: 13, t. 210 (1847)
species :
Centaurea armoraciifolia
Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 2: 205 (1813)
Distribution: +Greece (+Peloponnisos)
13 GRC
Remarks: of uncertain status, never recollected
species :
Centaurea arrigonii
Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 245-250 (2003), nom. nov.
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea intermedia (Micheletti) Arrigoni; Parlatorea 6: 76 (2003) (non Mutel 1846)
= Centaurea maculosa f. intermedia Micheletti; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 23: 315, 322 (1891)
species :
Centaurea ascalonica
Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 373 (1928)
Distribution: Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel, N-Negev Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania)
34 ISR JOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Microlophus ascalonicus (Bornm.) Soják; Novit. Bot. Del. Sem. Horti Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag. 47 (1962)
species :
Centaurea aspera
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 916 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. aspera
Name: Raue Flockenblume (DE); Cardo aspera (ES)
Distribution: England; Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Baleares (Ibiza & Formentera, Mallorca, Menorca); France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Morocco; ?Algeria; Australia [I] (South Australia [I], New South Wales [I])
10 GRB 11 ger 12 ADO BAL CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ITA SIC 20 MOR 50 aus
Remarks: Subgen. Seridia
Synonyms: hidden
= Alophium tenuifolium Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2 [F. Cuvier] 54: 494 (1829)
= Calcitrapa aspera (L.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 8: 252 (1827)
= Calcitrapa heterophylla Moench; Methodus [Moench], Suppl. 230 (1802), nom. superfl.
= Calcitrapa parviflora Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 32 (1779)
= Calcitrapoides aspera (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)
= Calcitrapoides heterophylla (Willd.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 (1974)
= Centaurea alophium DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 601 (1838)
= Centaurea aspera subvar. subinermis (DC.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 168 (1905)
= Centaurea aspera f. parcespinulosa Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. 128 (1936)
= Centaurea aspera f. praetermissa (Martrin-Donos) C.Arnaud; Bull. Soc. Dauphin. Échange Pl. 14: 580 (1887)
= Centaurea aspera subsp. euaspera Gugler; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Natl. Hung. 6: 213 (1907), nom. inval.
= Centaurea aspera subsp. marotii Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. 70 (1936)
= Centaurea aspera var. auricularia DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 600 (1838)
= Centaurea aspera var. heterophylla Willd. ex Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 29: 113 (1882), nom. inval.
= Centaurea aspera var. microcephala Font Quer; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sèr. Bot. 5: 229 (1920)
= Centaurea aspera var. subinermis DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 600 (1838)
= Centaurea diversifolia Lag.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 354 (1845)
= Centaurea heterophylla (Moench) Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 2314 (1803)
= Centaurea isnardii L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 916 (1753)
= Centaurea praetermissa Martrin-Donos; Soc. Sci. Tarn et Gar. (1852), Pl. Crit. Tarn, 382
= Centaurea seridis Loisel.; Fl. Gall., ed. 2, 2: 212 (1828)
= Cistrum asperum (L.) Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 36 (1762)
= Cistrum isnardi (L.) Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 36 (1762)
= Polyacantha procumbens Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 443 (1821), nom. superfl.
= Seridia aspera (L.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
= Seridia isnardi (L.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
= Seridia microcephala Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 48: 499 (1827)
= Seridia praetermissa (Martrin-Donos) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 97 (1869)
subspecies :
subsp. gentilii
(Braun-Blanq. & Maire) Dobignard; Willdenowia 37(1): 140 (2007)
Distribution: Morocco; Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria)
20 MOR 21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapoides gentilii (Braun-Blanq. & Maire) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)
= Centaurea fragilis var. integrifolia Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 531 (1878)
= Centaurea gentilii Braun-Blanq. & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 13: 188 (1922)
subspecies :
subsp. pseudosphaerocephala
(R.J.Shuttlew. ex Rouy) Gugler; Centaur. Ung. Nationalmus. 214 (1907)
Distribution: S-France
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea aspera proles pseudosphaerocephala Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 172 (1905)
= Centaurea aspera f. pseudosphaerocephala R.J.Shuttlew. ex Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 172 (1905)
= Centaurea pseudosphaerocephala R.J.Shuttlew. ex Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 172 (1905)
subspecies :
subsp. scorpiurifolia
(Dufour) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 432 (1879)
Distribution: S-Spain; Morocco
12 SPA 20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea aspera var. scorpiurifolia (Dufour) Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 143 (1865)
= Centaurea scorpiurifolia Dufour; Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 23: 163 (1831)
subspecies :
subsp. stenophylla
(Dufour) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 432 (1879)
Distribution: S-Portugal (Algarve); E-Spain (S of Valencia); Baleares (Mallorca, Menorca)
12 BAL POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapoides stenophylla (Dufour) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 307 (1977)
= Centaurea aspera var. stenophylla (Dufour) Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 143 (1865)
= Centaurea stenophylla Dufour; Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 23: 162 (1831)
species :
Centaurea aspromontana
Brullo, Scelsi & Spamp.; Vegetaz. Aspromonte 49 (2001)
Distribution: S-Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
species :
Centaurea assadii
Ranjbar & Negaresh; Phytotaxa 123(1): 6 (2013), nom. nov.
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea aucheri subsp. elbursensis Wagenitz; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 139b: 360 (1980)
species :
Centaurea athoa
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 588 (1838)
subspecies :
subsp. athoa
Distribution: NE-Greece (Athos); Turkey (WN-Anatolia)
13 GRC 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea parolinii DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 592 (1838)
= Centaurea rupestris subsp. athoa (DC.) Gugler; Centaur. Ung. Nationalmus. 194 (1907)
= Centaurea trojana Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 101 (1923)
= Colymbada athoa (DC.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. chelmea
Kit Tan, Zarkos, V.Christodoulou & G.Vold; Phytol. Balcan. 21: 388 (2015)
Distribution: S-Greece (Peloponnisos: Mt. Chelmos, Mt. Taygetos)
13 GRC
subspecies :
subsp. parnonia
(Halácsy) E.Gamal-Eldin & Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 107(1-4): 101 (1985)
Distribution: S-Greece (Peloponnisos: Mt. Parnonas)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea macedonica subsp. parnonia (Halácsy) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 195 (1976)
= Centaurea parnonia Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 648 (1898)
= Centaurea rupestris subsp. parnonia (Halácsy) Routsi & T.Georgiadis; Candollea 49(2): 366 (1994)
= Centaurea rupestris var. minor Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 668 (1875)
= Colymbada parnonia (Halácsy) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 228 (1974)
species :
Centaurea atlantica
Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 283 (1875)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea nicaeensis subsp. atlantica (Pomel) Batt.
= Centaurea nicaeensis var. riaeana Rchb.f.
= Centaurea riaeana (Rchb.f.) Sennen; Campagn. Bot. 83 (1936)
species :
Centaurea atlantis
Maire & Weiller; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 31: 24 (1940)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Melanoloma atlantis (Maire & Weiller) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 1: 8 (1982)
species :
Centaurea atrata
Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3(3): 2290 (1803)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey
33 ARM AZE GEO 34 TUR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea axillaris var. atrata (Willd.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 636 (1875)
= Centaurea cana f. fulgens Bornm.; Feddes Repert. 89: 375 (1944)
= Centaurea huetii Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 69 (1856)
= Cyanus atratus (Willd.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 316 (1972)
= Cyanus huetii (Boiss.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 131 (1972)
species :
Centaurea atropurpurea
Olivier; Voy. Emp. Othoman, ed. 4: 313 (1801)
Distribution: Greece (C-Kikládhes: Naxos, Paros, Iraklia, Keros, Amorgos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Carduiformes
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea olivieriana DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 590 (1838), nom. superfl.
= Colymbada oliveriana (DC.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 316 (1972)
= Hyalea olivieri Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 3(30): 138 (1850), nom. superfl.
species :
Centaurea attica
Nyman; Syll. 33 (1854 publ. 1855)
subspecies :
subsp. attica
Distribution: C-Greece (Attiki)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Arenariae
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea boissieri Walp.; Rep. 6: 298 (1847) (non DC.)
= Acosta attica (Nyman) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 142 (1973)
subspecies :
subsp. asperula
(Halácsy) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 198 (1976)
Distribution: EC-Greece (Attiki)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea asperula Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 588 (1898)
= Acosta asperula (Halácsy) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 303 (1977)
subspecies :
subsp. megarensis
(Halácsy & Hayek) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 198 (1976)
Distribution: EC-Greece (near Megara)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta megarensis (Halácsy & Hayek) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 304 (1977)
= Centaurea megarensis Halácsy & Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 125 (1913)
subspecies :
subsp. pentelica
(Hausskn.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 198 (1976)
Distribution: EC-Greece (around Athinai)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea pentelica Hausskn.; Mitth. Thür. Bot. Ver. N. Folge 7: 45 (1895)
= Acosta pentelica (Hausskn.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 304 (1977)
species :
Centaurea aucheri
(DC.) Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 180 (1963)
subspecies :
subsp. aucheri
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)
33 ARM AZE 34 IRN IRQ TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Tomanthea
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea aucheriana DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 576 (1838)
= Centaurea cuspidata Aucher ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 577 (1838)
= Centaurea microcephala Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks.; Index Kew. 1: 474 (1893)
= Phaeopappus aucheri (DC.) Heimerl; Stapf, Bot. Polak´sch. Exped. Pers., Pt. 1 (Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien,Math.-Nat., l.) 65 (1882 publ. 1885)
= Phaeopappus depressus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. Suppl. 311 (1888)
= Phaeopappus leuzeoides Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 6: 124 (1846)
= Phaeopappus macracanthus Boiss. & Buhse; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 12: 129 (1860)
= Psephellus aucherianus (DC.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 611 (1875)
= Tomanthea aucheri DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 564 (1838)
= Tomanthea depressa (Boiss.) Czerep.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 20: 480 (1960)
subspecies :
subsp. szowitsii
(Boiss.) Wagenitz; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 139b: 359 (1980)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iran
34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Amberboa phaeopappa DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 560 (1838)
= Centaurea aucheri var. szowitsii (Boiss.) Wagenitz
= Centaurea phaeopappa (DC.) Sch.Bip.; Linnaea 19: 326 (1846)
= Centaurea scleroblephara Freyn; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 1: 271 (1901)
= Phaeopappus scleroblepharus Freyn; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 1: 271 (1901)
= Phaeopappus szowitsii Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 6: 123 (1846), nom. superfl.
= Tomanthea phaeopappa (DC.) Takht. ex Czerep.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 20: 477 (1960)
species :
Centaurea australis
Pancic ex A.Kern.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 22: 118 (1872)
Name: Südliche Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Denmark [I]; Sweden [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Austria [I]; Poland; Slovakia; Hungary; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; S-European Russia; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], New Brunswick [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arizona [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], Nebraska [I], Nevada [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I], Wyoming [I])
10 den swe 11 aut ger HUN POL SLO swi 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 KRY MLD RUS UKR 32 KAZ 33 NCS 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Maculosae, stoebe agg. Often included as subspecies in C. stoebe but clearly separate on cytological grounds. In many places an aggressive neophyte (North America, Central Europe)
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta micranthos (S.G.Gmel. ex Gugler) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 134 (1972)
= Acosta radoslavoffii (Urum.) Holub; Preslia 46 (3). 227 (1974)
= Centaurea biebersteinii subsp. australis (Pancic) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 200 (1976)
= Centaurea biebersteinii subsp. radoslavoffii (Urum.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 201 (1976)
= Centaurea biebersteinii subsp. rhodopaea (Hayek & H.Wagner) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 201 (1976)
= Centaurea epapposa Simonk.; Enum. Fl. Transsilv. 350 (1886)
= Centaurea maculosa f. cylindriceps Gugler; 168 (1908)
= Centaurea maculosa f. rhodopaea Hayek & H.Wagner; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 125 (1913)
= Centaurea maculosa f. subcanescens Gugler; 167 (1908)
= Centaurea maculosa f. subpallida Gugler; 168 (1908)
= Centaurea maculosa subsp. micranthos Gugler; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Natl. Hung. 6: 167 (1907)
= Centaurea micranthos (Griseb.) Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: 676 (1901), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. micranthos (Griseb.) Cout.; 656 (1913)
= Centaurea paniculata var. micranthos Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 239 (1846)
= Centaurea radoslavoffii Urum.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 10: 65 (1911)
= Centaurea stoebe subsp. australis (Pancic ex A.Kern.) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
= Centaurea stoebe subsp. micranthos (Griseb.) Hayek; Stoj. & Stef.,
= Centaurea stoebe subsp. micranthos (S.G.Gmel. ex Gugler) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30(2): 766 (1931)
= Centaurea stoebe var. micranthos (Griseb.) Tiehm; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 17(1): 22 (2023)
= Centaurea sublanata subsp. australis (Pancic ex A.Kern.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 426 (1879)
species :
Centaurea austroanatolica
Hub.-Mor.; Bauhinia 3: 319, t. 24 (1967)
Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
species :
Centaurea austrobalcanica
(Skokanová) Raus & Strid; Phytol. Balcan. 26(3): 505 (2020)
subspecies :
subsp. austrobalcanica
Distribution: S-Bulgaria; N-Greece (mountains of N- and NE)
13 BUL GRC
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus austrobalcanicus Skokanová; Pl. Syst. Evol. 305(8): 590 (2019)
subspecies :
subsp. prisadana
(Skokanová) Raus & Strid; Phytol. Balcan. 26(3): 505 (2020)
Distribution: North Macedonia
13 NMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus austrobalcanicus subsp. prisadanus Skokanová; Pl. Syst. Evol. 305(8): 592 (2019)
species :
Centaurea avilae
Pau; Rev. de Montes, No. 782 (1909)
Distribution: C-Spain (Sa. de Gredos, Sa. Bejar)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Willkommia
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta avilae (Pau) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 21 (1982)
species :
Centaurea aytugiana
Bancheva, Kaya & Binzet; Novon 23(2): 134 (2014)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea aziziana
Rech.f.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 97: 255 (1950)
Distribution: Armenia; Turkey; Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)
33 ARM 34 IRN TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis
Synonyms: hidden
= Jurinea sharifiana var. aziziana (Rech.f.) Parsa; Fl. Iran 10: 215 (1980)
species :
Centaurea babylonica
(L.) L.; Mant. Pl. Altera 460 (1771)
Distribution: Sardinia [I]; Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Lebanon (coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria)
12 sar 34 LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium babylonicum (L.) K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 418 (1851)
= Microlophus babylonicus (L.) Soják; Novit. Bot. Del. Sem. Horti Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag. 47 (1962)
= Piptoceras babylonicum (L.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 54: 489 (1828)
= Serratula babylonica L.; Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 1199 (1759)
species :
Centaurea bachtiarica
Hayek & Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 23: 272 (1926)
Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea baldaccii
Degen ex Bald.; Malpighia 9: 277 (1895)
Distribution: W-Crete (Lefka Ori)
13 KRI
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus baldaccii (Degen) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 228 (1974)
species :
Centaurea barrasii
Pau; Mem. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Ser. Bot. 1(1): 52 (1922)
Distribution: SE-Spain (Cabo de Gata)
12 SPA
Remarks: subgen. Seridia
species :
Centaurea baseri
Köse & Alan; Phytotaxa 117(1): 23 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis
species :
Centaurea bavegehensis
Ranjbar & Negaresh; Novon 23(3): 324 (2014)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea behen
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 914 (1753)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Northern Caucasus; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, Jazira, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (N-Israel)
32 TKM 33 ARM AZE NCS 34 IRN IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Behen album Garsault; Fig. Pl. Méd. 1: t. 6 (1764), nom. inval.
= Centaurea acuta C.A.Mey.; Verz. Pfl. Casp. Meer. 65 (1831), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea acuta Vahl ex M.Bieb.; Tabl. Prov. Mer Casp. 82 (1798)
= Centaurea alata Lam.; Encyc. 1: 665 (1783)
= Centaurea babylonica M.Bieb.; Tabl. Prov. Mer Casp. 82 (1798), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea brachyptera DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 567 (1838)
= Centaurea germaniciae Hausskn.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 682 (1875)
= Centaurium acutum K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 418 (1851)
= Centaurium alatum (Lam.) K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 418 (1851)
= Centaurium behen (L.) K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 418 (1851)
= Microlophus alatus (Lam.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 54: 491 (1826)
= Piptoceras behen (L.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 54: 487 (1828)
= Rhaponticum behen (L.) Kostel.; Allg. Med. Pharm. Fl. 2: 606 (1833)
= Rhaponticum behen (L.) Ratier; Pharm. Franç. 121 (1827)
= Serratula behen (L.) Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 3: 242 (1823)
species :
Centaurea beltrani
(Pau) Blanca; Lagascalia 10(2): 187 (1982), pro hybr.
Distribution: E-Spain (Valencia to Tarragona)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Willkommia
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta ×beltrani (Pau) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 21 (1982)
= Centaurea aguilellae Mateo & M.B.Crespo; Fl. Montiberica 40: 54 (2008)
= Centaurea boissieri subsp. beltranii (Pau) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17: 92 (1988)
= Centaurea boissieri subsp. saguntina (Mateo & M.B.Crespo) Greuter; Willdenowia 35(2): 229 (2005)
= Centaurea boissieri var. beltrani (Pau) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 92 (1987 publ. 1988)
= Centaurea boissieri var. saguntina (Mateo & M.B.Crespo) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Fl. Paisos Catalans 3: 933 (1995)
= Centaurea resupinata subsp. saguntina (Mateo & M.B.Crespo) Greuter; Willdenowia 35: 229 (2005)
= Centaurea saguntina Mateo & M.B.Crespo; Bol. Soc. Brot. 61: 262 (1988)
= Centaurea tenuifolia subsp. beltrani Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 13: 43 (1914)
species :
Centaurea benedicta
(L.) L.; Sp. Pl., ed. 2 [Linnaeus] 2: 1296 (1763)
Name: Benedikten-Flockenblume, Echtes Benediktenkraut (DE); Blessed Thistle; Holy Thistle (EN)
Distribution: England [I]; Ireland [I]; Belgium [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; France [I]; Sardinia; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania [I]; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread, Kiklades, Samothraki, Limnos); Crete; S-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco [I]; Algeria [I]; Libya [I]; South Africa [I]; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Turkey (Central Anatolia, E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Baghlan, Herat, Kabul, Takhar); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (C-Israel, coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Negev Desert, Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai); Jordania (W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Asir); China (Xinjiang); Pakistan (Dir, Chitral, Swat, Pakistani Punjab, Rawalpindi); Australia [I] (+New South Wales [I]); Canada [I] (New Brunswick [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arizona [I], Arkansas California [I], Connecticut [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Illinois [I], Maryland [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], North Carolina [I], Oregon [I], South Carolina [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], Wisconsin [I]); Guatemala [I]; Ecuador [I]; S-Brazil [I]; Uruguay [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], Maule [I])
10 grb ire 11 bgm ger HUN SLO swi 12 fra POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI NMA rom SLV SRB TUE 14 KRY RUS UKR 20 alg lby mor 27 saf 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 SAU 36 CHI 40 PAK 50 aus 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 80 gua 83 ecu 84 bra 85 arg cle uru
Synonyms: hidden
= Benedicta officinalis Bernh.; Syst. Verz. Erf. 159 (1800)
= Calcitrapa benedicta (L.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
= Calcitrapa lanuginosa Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 35 (1779), nom. superfl.
= Carbeni benedicta (L.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. 397 (1882)
= Carbenia benedicta (L.) Adans.; Fam. Pl. 2: 116 (1763)
= Carbenia benedicta (L.) Benth.; Gen. Pl. 2: 482 (1873), isonym
= Cardosanctus officinalis (Bernh.) Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 2: 152. (1900)
= Carduus benedictus (L.) Garsault; Fig. Pl. Anim. Med. t. 198 (1764)
= Carduus benedictus (L.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1: 151 (1821)
= Centaurea benedicta var. kotschyi (Sch.Bip.) Ghaz.; Fl. Iraq 6: 142 (2019), et Kew Bull. 75(2)-28: 1 (2020)
= Centaurea centriflora Friv. ex Gugler; Centaur. Ungar. (Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungar. vi.) 215 (1907), nom. inval.
= Centaurea pseudobenedicta E.H.L.Krause; Sturm, Fl Deutschland, ed. 2, 14: 24 (1906)
= Cirsium munitum M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 3: 559 (1819)
= Cnicus benedictus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 826 (1753)
= Cnicus benedictus var. kotschyi (Sch.Bip.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 706 (1875)
= Cnicus benedictus var. microcephalus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 705 (1875)
= Cnicus bulgaricus Panov; Fitologiya (Bulgaria) 48: 9 (1996)
= Cnicus kotschyi Sch.Bip.; Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. (1857) App. 24
= Cnicus microcephalus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 705 (1875)
= Cnicus pseudobenedictus Asch.; Index Sem. hort. Berol. 1861: 5 (1861)
= Epitrachys microcephala K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 402 (1851)
= Hierapicra benedicta (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 347 (1891)
species :
Centaurea besseriana
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 585 (1838)
Distribution: Romania; Bulgaria; Moldova; Ukraine
13 BUL ROM 14 MLD UKR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea, ovina agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta besseriana (DC.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 133 (1972)
= Centaurea besseana Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, Sér. 2, 10: 312 (1918 publ. 1919)
= Centaurea ovina subsp. besseriana (DC.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 197 (1976)
= Centaurea squarrosa Roth; Catal. Bot. 2: 118 (1800)
= Centaurea virgata Besser; Enum. Pl. Volh. 35 (1821), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea ×besseriana Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève Ser. 11. 10: 312 (1918 publ. 1919)
species :
Centaurea bethurica
E.López & Devesa; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 65: 337 (2008)
Distribution: S-Portugal; SW- & C-Spain
12 POR SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
species :
Centaurea bimorpha
Viv.; Fl. Libyc. Spec. 58, t. 24 (1824) (dimorpha auct.)
Distribution: Morocco; Western Sahara; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); Sinai peninsula (N-Sinai)
20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN WSA 34 SIN
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapoides bimorpha (Viv.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)
= Centaurea eriocephala Boiss. & Reut.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 86 (1856)
= Centaurea kralikii Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 84 (1856)
= Centaurea pseudophilostizus Godr.; Mém. Acad. Stanislas, Ser. III. (xvii) 1853 405 (1854)
species :
Centaurea bingoelensis
Behçet & Ilçim; Turk. J. Bot. 41(2): 181 (2017)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea biokovensis
Teyber; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 63: 27 (1913)
Distribution: Croatia (Mt. Biokovo)
13 CRO
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Pannophyllum, cuspidata agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta biokovensis (Teyber) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
species :
Centaurea blancheana
Mouterde; Saussurea 4: 19 (1973)
Distribution: Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria)
34 SYR
species :
Centaurea bofilliana
Sennen ex Devesa & E.López; Lagascalia 32: 250 (2012)
Distribution: Spain; SE-France; Argentina [I]
12 FRA SPA 85 arg
Remarks: subgen. Calcitrapa
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea pouzinii var. macrocephala Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 169 (1905)
species :
Centaurea boissieri
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 7: 303 (1838)
subspecies :
subsp. boissieri
Distribution: S- & SE-Spain; Morocco
12 SPA 20 MOR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Willkommia
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta boissieri (DC.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 313 (1972)
= Acrocentron boissieri Webb; Iter Hisp. 32 (1838)
= Centaurea aznatinensis Cuatrec.; Trab. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona 12: 468 (1929)
= Centaurea boissieri var. straminea Degen & Hervier; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 15: 104 (1905)
= Centaurea boissieri var. tomentella Degen & Hervier; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 15: 104 (1905)
= Centaurea decumbens Boiss. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 7: 303 (1838)
= Centaurea diversifolia Amo ex Campo & Amo; Revista 5: 56 (1855)
= Centaurea guilhelmi Pau & Sennen; Sennen, Pl. d´Esp. No. 8831, ex Maire in Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 26: 215 (1935), descr.
= Centaurea ochrolopha subsp. guilhelmi Pau & Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. 193 (1936)
= Centaurea paui var. murcica Sennen; Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.) 1929: no. 7164 (1930), nom. nud.
= Centaurea prostrata var. straminea (Degen & Hervier) Pau; Carta Bot. 2: 7 (1905)
= Centaurea tenuifolia subsp. boissieri (DC.) Emb. & Maire; Jahand. et al., Cat. Pl. Maroc 1157 (1941)
subspecies :
subsp. atlantica
(Font Quer) Blanca; Lagascalia 10(2): 153 (1982)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta boissieri subsp. atlantica (Font Quer) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 21 (1982)
= Centaurea atlantica (Font Quer) Figuerola, Peris & Stübing; Feddes Repert. 102(1-2): 2 (1991)
= Centaurea boissieri var. atlantica Font Quer; Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 5: 101 (1925)
subspecies :
subsp. calvescens
(Maire) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta boissieri subsp. calvescens (Maire) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 21 (1982)
= Centaurea atlantica subsp. calvescens (Maire) Figuerola, Peris & Stübing; Feddes Repert. 102(1-2): 2 (1991)
= Centaurea boissieri var. calvescens Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 192 (1932)
subspecies :
subsp. funkii
(Sch.Bip. ex Willk.) Blanca; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 36: 352 (1979 publ. 1980)
Distribution: S-Spain (around Sa. Nevada)
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta boissieri subsp. funkii (Sch.Bip. ex Willk.) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 21 (1982)
= Centaurea boissieri var. funkii (Sch.Bip. ex Willk.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 427 (1879)
= Centaurea boissieri var. nevadensis Boiss. & Reut.; Pugill. Pl. Afr. Bor. Hispan. 67 (1852)
= Centaurea bombycina subsp. funkii (Sch.Bip. ex Willk.) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 202 (1975 publ. 1976)
= Centaurea funkii Sch.Bip. ex Willk.; Linnaea 25: 37 (1852)
subspecies :
subsp. integrifolia
(Willk.) Blanca & Suár.-Sant.; Acta Bot. Malac. 36: 95 (2012)
Distribution: NE-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea boissieri subvar. integrifolia (Willk.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 93 (1987 publ. 1988)
= Centaurea pinae var. integrifolia (Willk.) Blanca; Lagascalia 10: 170 (1982)
= Centaurea tenuifolia var. integrifolia Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 152 (1865)
subspecies :
subsp. mariolensis
(Rouy) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 201 (1975 publ. 1976)
Distribution: E-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta boissieri subsp. mariolensis (Rouy) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 22 (1982)
= Centaurea boissieri var. mariolensis (Rouy) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 93 (1987 publ. 1988)
= Centaurea mariolensis Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 29: 110 (1882)
= Centaurea prostrata f. tenuisecta Pau; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 27: 435 (1898)
= Centaurea tenuifolia subsp. mariolensis (Rouy) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Mem. Real Acad. Ci. Barcelona, n. s. 38: 10 (1967)
subspecies :
subsp. pinae
(Pau) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 201 (1975 publ. 1976)
Distribution: E-Spain (Castellon, Teruel)
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta pinae (Pau) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 22 (1982)
= Centaurea boissieri subvar. pinae (Pau) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17: 93 (1988)
= Centaurea boissieri var. pinae (Pau) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 93 (1987 publ. (1988)
= Centaurea pinae Pau; Not. Bot. Fl. Españ. 1: 12 (1887), et Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 6: 61 (1907)
subspecies :
subsp. prostrata
(Coss.) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71: 201 (1976)
Distribution: SE-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta boissieri subsp. prostrata (Coss.) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 22 (1982)
= Centaurea prostrata Coss.; Notes Pl. Crit. 115 (1851)
= Centaurea resupinata subsp. prostrata (Coss.) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
= Centaurea resupinata var. prostrata (Coss.) Amo; Fl. Fan. Penins. Ibérica 4: 344 (1872)
= Centaurea spachii subsp. prostrata (Coss.) Figuerola, Peris & Stübing; Feddes Repert. 102(1-2): 3 (1991)
subspecies :
subsp. transmalvana
(Emb. & Maire) Breitw. & Podlech; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 22: 52 (1986)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea boissieri var. transmalvana Emb. & Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 21-22: 39 (1930)
subspecies :
subsp. willkommii
(Sch.Bip.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 201 (1976)
Distribution: S- & SE-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta boissieri subsp. willkommii (Sch.Bip. ex Willk.) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 22 (1982)
= Centaurea pauneroi Talavera & J.Muñoz; Lagascalia 12(2): 250 (1984)
= Centaurea tenuifolia var. willkommii (Sch.Bip. ex Willk.) Gugler; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Natl. Hung. 6: 173 (1907)
= Centaurea willkommii Sch.Bip. ex Willk.; Linnaea 25: 36 (1852)
species :
Centaurea bojnordensis
Ranjbar, Negaresh & Joharchi; Feddes Repert. 124(4): 116 (2014)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea bombycina
Boiss. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 7: 302 (1838)
subspecies :
subsp. bombycina
Distribution: S-Spain (mountains)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Willkommia
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta bombycina (Boiss.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 313 (1972)
= Centaurea aemula Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. 2(1): 147 (1903)
= Centaurea amoi Campo ex Campo & Amo; Revista 5: 56 (1855)
= Centaurea boissieri subsp. amoi (Amo) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 427 (1879)
= Centaurea krassoensis Borbás ex J.Wagner; Magyar Bot. Lapok 6: 111 (1907)
subspecies :
subsp. xeranthemoides
(Willk.) Blanca, Cueto & Quesada; Saussurea 19: 29 (1988 publ. 1989)
Distribution: S-Spain (Sa. del Manar)
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea funkii var. xeranthemoides Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 154 (1865)
species :
Centaurea borjae
Valdés Berm. & Rivas Goday; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 35: 160 (1978)
Distribution: NW-Spain (NE of La Coruna)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Subsect. Lagascanae
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada borjae (Valdés Berm. & Rivas Goday) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 20 (1982)
species :
Centaurea borysthenica
Gruner; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 41(2): 426 (1868)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; E-European Russia; Ukraine
13 KOS ROM SRB 14 RUS UKR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea, arenaria agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta borysthenica (Gruner) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 133 (1972)
= Centaurea arenaria subsp. borysthenica (Gruner) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 197 (1976)
species :
Centaurea bourgaei
Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 637 (1875)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos); Turkey (SW-Anatolia)
34 EAI TUR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus bourgaei (Boiss.) Wagenitz & Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
species :
Centaurea bovina
Velen.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl., 1889(2): 36 (1889)
Distribution: NE-Bulgaria; SC-Bulgaria; N- & NE-Greece (incl. Thasos)
13 BUL
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Cylindracea
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta bovina (Velen.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
species :
Centaurea breviceps
Iljin; Bull. Jard. Bot. Princ. U.R.S.S. 26: 33. 35 (1927)
Distribution: S-Ukraine (by the SE-bank of the lower Dnepr)
14 UKR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, Ser. Pseudophalolepis
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea margaritacea subsp. breviceps (Iljin) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 204 (1976)
species :
Centaurea bruguiereana
(DC.) Hand.-Mazz.; Ann. K.K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 27: 451 (1913)
subspecies :
subsp. bruguiereana
Name: Brugière-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Turkey (SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira); Saudi Arabia (Dahana, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia); Kuwait; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Quetta, N. W. Frontier Prov., Pakistani Punjab)
11 ger 34 IRN IRQ SYR TUR 35 KUW SAU 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea bruguieriana var. spinosissima Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 60B: 214 (1939)
= Centaurea phyllocephala Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 6: 134 (1846)
= Tetramorphaea bruguiereana DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 609 (1838)
subspecies :
subsp. belangeriana
(DC.) Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 60B: 214 (1939)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (Nachichevan); Afghanistan (Badghys, Baghlan, Farah, Faryab, Helmand, Herat, Jawzjan / Sar-e-Pol, Kabul, Kandahar, Parwan, Qunduz, Samangan, Takhar); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Quetta, Kurram, Peshawar); India (Punjab)
32 KAZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO 34 AFG 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea belangeriana (DC.) Stapf; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 50: 66 (1885)
= Centaurea phyllocephala var. belangeriana (DC.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 684 (1875)
= Centaurea phyllocephala var. persica Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 6: 134 (1845)
= Tetramorphaea belangeriana DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 609 (1838)
species :
Centaurea brulla
Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003), nom. nov.
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea apula Bianco & Brullo; Braun-Blanquetia 2: 32 (1988) (non Lam. 1785)
species :
Centaurea brunnea
(Halácsy) Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 2: 135 (1902)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; NW-Greece
13 GRC KOS SRB
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. brunnea (Halácsy) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 205 (1976)
= Centaurea deusta var. brunnea Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boissier 6: 575 (1898)
= Centaurea splendens f. brunnea (Halácsy) Gajic; Fl. Srbije 7: 256 (1975)
species :
Centaurea bugellensis
(Soldano) Soldano; Nat. Bresciana 30: 151 (1994)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea uniflora subsp. bugellensis Soldano; Atti Soc. It. Sci. Nat. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Milano, 131(15): 250 (1991)
species :
Centaurea busambarensis
Guss.; Fl. Sic. Syn. 2: 873 (1844)
Distribution: WC-Italy; C-Sicily; W-Sicily
13 ITA SIC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea, Ser. Pannophyllum
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta busambarensis (Guss.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
= Centaurea cineraria subsp. busambarensis (Guss.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 196 (1976)
= Centaurea cineraria var. busambarensis (Guss.) Sommier; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 1: 87 (1894)
species :
Centaurea cadmea
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 4: 16 (1844)
subspecies :
subsp. cadmea
Distribution: Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis
subspecies :
subsp. pontica
Wagenitz ex Köse & Ocak; Nordic J. Bot. 28(4): 476 (2010)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea calabra
G.Caruso, S.A.Giardina, Raimondo & Spadaro; Pl. Biosystems 147(3): 844 (2013)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis
species :
Centaurea calcitrapa
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 917 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. calcitrapa
Name: Stern-Flockenblume (DE); Red Star-thistle (EN); Cardo estrellado (ES)
Distribution: England [I]; Ireland [I]; Norway [I]; Netherlands [I]; Belgium [I]; Luxembourg [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Austria; Poland [I]; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares (Ibiza & Formentera, Mallorca, Menorca); France [I]; Channel Isl. [I]; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece ; Crete; Latvia [I]; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Egypt (Desert Oases, Great Southwestern Desert, Nile Delta, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro); Cape Verde Isl. (Fogo Isl., Ilha Brava); Sudan; South Africa [I] (Free State [I], Cape Prov. [I]); East Aegaean Isl. (Samos, Lesvos, Kos, Tilos, Karpathos, Rhodos); Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Iran (NE-Iran: Mts.); Cyprus (E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Sinai peninsula (N-Sinai); Saudi Arabia (Asir); Pakistan [I]; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka [I]); Australia [I] (South Australia [I], +Victoria [I], +Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; Canada [I] (Ontario [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arizona [I], California [I], District of Columbia [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Illinois [I], Iowa [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I]); Mexico [I]; Uruguay [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Araucanía [I], Los Rios [I], Los Lagos [I])
10 grb ire nor 11 AUT bgm ger HUN lux net pol SLO swi 12 BAL cis COR fra GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA PEL ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 KRY lat UKR 20 ALG EGY MOR TUN 21 CNY CVI MDR 24 SUD 27 saf 34 CYP EAI IRN LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 SAU 40 IND pak 50 aus 51 nzl 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 85 arg cle uru
Remarks: Subgen. Calcitrapa
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa calcitrapa (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. 62 (1768)
= Calcitrapa calcitrapoides Hill.; Hort. Kew. 62 (1768)
= Calcitrapa hippophaestrum G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.; Oekon. Fl. Wetterau 3: 178 (1801)
= Calcitrapa hybrida Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
= Calcitrapa hypophaestum Gaertn.; Fruct. 2: t. 163 (1791)
= Calcitrapa lanceolata Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 34 (1779)
= Calcitrapa myacantha Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2 [F. Cuvier] 8: 251 (1817)
= Calcitrapa phoenicea Sweet; Hort. Brit. 218 (1826)
= Calcitrapa stellaris Hill; Herb. Brit. 1: 76 (1769)
= Calcitrapa stellata (L.) Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 34 (1779)
= Calcitrapa vulgaris Bernh.; Syst. Verz. Erf. 158 (1800)
= Centaurea adulterina Moretti ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 596 (1838)
= Centaurea calcitrapa proles myacantha (DC.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 167 (1905)
= Centaurea calcitrapa subsp. horrida (Ten.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. 396 (1882)
= Centaurea calcitrapa var. autumnalis DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 6: 462 (1815)
= Centaurea calcitrapa var. brevispina Desv.; 128 (1818)
= Centaurea calcitrapa var. gracilis Merino; Fl. Galicia 2: 411 (1906)
= Centaurea calcitrapa var. microcephala Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 167 (1905)
= Centaurea calcitrapa var. myacantha (DC.) Coss. & Germ.; Fl. Descr. Anal. Paris 391 (1845)
= Centaurea calcitrapa var. pourretiana (Timb.-Lagr. & Thevenau) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 166 (1905)
= Centaurea calcitrapoides Gouan; Fl. Monsp. 461 (1764)
= Centaurea calcitrapoides L.; 29 (1755)
= Centaurea calcitrapoides Thuill.; Fl. Env. Paris, ed. 2: 446 (1799), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea carduifolia Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 208 (1796)
= Centaurea devauxii Boreau ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 431 (1879)
= Centaurea horrida Ten.; Ind. Sem. Hort. Neap. (1829) 15, Syll. 449
= Centaurea myacantha DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck] 4: 101 (1805)
= Centaurea penicillata Delile; Descr. Egypte, Hist. Nat. 74 (1813)
= Centaurea trichacantha Willd. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 404 (1826)
= Hippophaestum vulgare (Bernh.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 443 (1821)
= Rhaponticum calcitrapa (L.) Scop.; Fl. Carniol. ed. 2, 2: 136 (1771)
= Setachna calcitrapa (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 519 (1867)
subspecies :
subsp. angusticeps
(H.Lindb.) Meikle; Fl. Cyprus 2: 971, 1897 (1985)
Distribution: Cyprus
34 CYP
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea angusticeps H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., n. s. B. 2: No. 7, 34 (1946)
= Calcitrapa angusticeps (H.Lindb.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 143 (1973)
subspecies :
subsp. cilicica
(Boiss. & Balansa) Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33(2): 230 (1974)
Distribution: Turkey (Cilicia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa cilicica (Boiss. & Balansa) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 143 (1973)
= Centaurea cilicica Boiss. & Balansa; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 5: 113 (1856)
species :
Centaurea caliacrae
Prodan; Bul. Grad. & Muz. Bot. Univ Cluj, 1928. 8: 127 (1929)
Distribution: SE-Romania; NE-Bulgaria
13 BUL ROM
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. caliacrae (Prodan) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 205 (1976)
species :
Centaurea calocephala
Willd.; Enum. Pl. [Willdenow] 928 (1809)
Name: Schönköpfige Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria
13 ALB BIH BUL CRO KOS MNT NMA ROM SRB
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Orientales
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea atropurpurea var. flava M.Loehr; 380 (1852)
= Centaurea atropurpurea Waldst. & Kit.; Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung. 2: 121 (1802) non Oliv. 1801
= Centaurea calophylla Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1: 173 (1821)
= Centaurea glauca Desf. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 587 (1838)
= Centaurea subalpina Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 407 (1866)
= Colymbada atropurpurea (Waldst. & Kit.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(31: 315 (1972)
= Cyanus atropurpureus (Waldst. & Kit.) Baumg.; Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 3: 77 (1817)
species :
Centaurea calolepis
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 6: 129 (1846)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta calolepis (Boiss.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 11(1): 80 (1976)
species :
Centaurea camelorum
Velen.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. 11: 9 (1912)
Distribution: Saudi Arabia (N-Saudi Arabia, Dahana, NE-Saudi Arabia)
35 SAU
species :
Centaurea cankiriensis
H.Duman & A.Duran; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 39: 43 (2002)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea caprina
Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 29: (1856) II. 394
Distribution: Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Northern Caucasus
14 KRY MLD UKR 33 NCS
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea, ovina agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea koktebelica Klokov; Fl. URSS 28: 528, 617 (1963)
= Centaurea ovina subsp. caprina (Steven) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 85(3): 119 (2000)
= Centaurea ovina subsp. koktebelica (Klokov) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 198 (1975 publ. 1976)
= Centaurea vicina Lipsky; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 13: 312 (1894)
species :
Centaurea carduiformis
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 590 (1838)
subspecies :
subsp. carduiformis
Distribution: Germany [I]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, Central Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (EC-Iran); Syria (C-Syrian Desert)
11 ger 33 ARM AZE 34 IRN SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea albiflora K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 430 (1851)
= Centaurea bicolor K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 428 (1851)
= Centaurea recurvata K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 428 (1851)
= Centaurea zederbaueri Hayek; Ann. K.K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 20: 425 (1905)
= Colymbada carduiformis (DC.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. iranica
Wagenitz; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 139b: 391 (1980)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
subspecies :
subsp. orientalis
Wagenitz; Willdenowia 6(3): 496 (1972)
Distribution: Turkey; Iran
34 IRN TUR
variant :
var. thrinciifolia
(DC.) Wagenitz; Willdenowia 6(3): 496 (1972)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea thrinciifolia DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 590 (1838)
= Colymbada thrinciifolia (DC.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 316 (1972)
species :
Centaurea cariensiformis
Hub.-Mor.; Bauhinia 7: 179 (1982)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
species :
Centaurea cariensis
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 4: 19 (1844)
subspecies :
subsp. cariensis
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta cariensis (Boiss.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 142 (1973)
subspecies :
subsp. longipapposa
Wagenitz; Willdenowia 6(3): 487 (1972)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
subspecies :
subsp. maculiceps
(O.Schwarz) Wagenitz; Willdenowia 6(3): 485 (1972)
Name: Karische Flockenblume (DE); Carian Star-thistle (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Samos, Rhodos); Turkey (Lydia)
34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea maculiceps O.Schwarz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 36: 148 (1934)
subspecies :
subsp. microlepis
(Boiss.) Wagenitz; Willdenowia 6(3): 487 (1972)
Distribution: Turkey (Lycia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea microlepis Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 651 (1875)
subspecies :
subsp. niveotomentosa
(Hub.-Mor.) Wagenitz; Willdenowia 6(3): 486 (1972)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea niveotomentosa Hub.-Mor.; Bauhinia 3: 320 (1967)
species :
Centaurea carniolica
Host; Fl. Austriac. [Host] 2: 517 (1831)
Name: Wocheiner Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Austria; Hungary; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia
11 AUT ger HUN 13 CRO ITA SLV
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea dubia f. flosculosa (Rchb.) Hayek; 210 (1919)
= Centaurea dubia subsp. vochinensis (W.D.J.Koch) Hayek; 210 (1919)
= Centaurea dubia var. pseudocandollei (Gugler) Hayek; 211 (1919)
= Centaurea dubia var. tomentosa (Rchb.) Hayek; 211 (1919)
= Centaurea nigrescens subsp. vochinensis (W.D.J.Koch) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 421 (1879)
= Centaurea nigrescens var. capitata W.D.J.Koch; 410 (1837)
= Centaurea nigrescens var. vochinensis W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv., ed. 2: 469 (1844)
= Centaurea vochinensis Bernh. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 214 (1831), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea vochinensis var. flosculosa Rchb.; 214 (1832)
= Jacea carniolica (Host) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 229 (1974)
= Jacea nigrescens subsp. vochinensis (Bernh. ex Rchb.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
species :
Centaurea caroli-henrici
Gabrieljan & Dittrich; Candollea 48(1): 245 (1993)
Distribution: Armenia
33 ARM
Synonyms: hidden
= Grossheimia caroli-henrici (Gabrieljan & Dittrich) Gabrieljan; Fl. Armen. 9: 332 (1995)
species :
Centaurea carolipauana
Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 1: 2 (1982), nom. nov.
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea prolongi subsp. macrocephala (Pau & Font Quer) Fern.Casas; Mem. Soc. Bot. Genève 1: 119 (1979)
= Centaurea prolongoi var. macrocephala Pau & Font Quer; Exsicc. (Iter Marocc.) 1930: no. 702 (1931)
= Colymbada carolipauana (Fern.Casas & Susanna) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 21 (1982)
species :
Centaurea carratracensis
Lange; Vid. Meddel. Dansk Naturh. Foren. Kjobenhavn 1881: 94 (1882)
Distribution: S-Spain (Málaga)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Willkommia
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta carratracensis (Lange) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
species :
Centaurea carystea
Trigas & Constantin; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 158: 764 (2008)
Distribution: Greece (S-Evvoia)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea, Ser. Acrolophus, related to C. pelia
species :
Centaurea caspia
Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza [Grossheim], ed. 1, 4: 219 (1934)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Armenia; Azerbaijan
33 ARM AZE NCS
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
species :
Centaurea cassia
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 108 (1849)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea castellanoides
Talavera; Lagascalia 12(2): 271 (1984), nom. nov.
subspecies :
subsp. castellanoides
Distribution: S- & SE-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea castellana var. baetica (Pau) Cuatrec.; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sèr. Bot. 12: 468 (1929), nom. inval.
= Centaurea micrantha var. baetica Pau; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sèr. Bot. 12: 468 (1929), pro syn.
= Centaurea paniculata subvar. escobilla Coss. ex Arènes; Agron. Lusit. 11: 19 (1949)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. cossoniana (Arènes) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 199 (1976)
= Centaurea paniculata var. cossoniana Arènes; Mem. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, B, Bot. 1(2): 200 (1951)
subspecies :
subsp. arundana
E.López & Devesa; Acta Bot. Malac. 33: 60 (2008)
Distribution: S-Spain (Cadiz, Malaga)
12 SPA
subspecies :
subsp. talaverae
E.López & Devesa; Acta Bot. Malac. 33: 60 (2008)
Distribution: SE- & EC-Spain
12 SPA
species :
Centaurea cataonica
Boiss. & Hausskn.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 669 (1875)
subspecies :
subsp. cataonica
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Phaeopappus cataonicus Boiss. & Hausskn.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 596 (1875)
= Cheirolepis cataonica (Boiss. & Hausskn.) Czerep.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 20: 469 (1960)
subspecies :
subsp. syriaca
Negaresh; Phytotaxa 363(1): 32 (2018)
Distribution: Syria
34 SYR
species :
Centaurea celikhanensis
(Kaya, Negaresh, Ateý & Özel) comb.ined.
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus celikhanensis Kaya, Negaresh, Ateý & Özel; Fresenius Environm. Bull. 27(4) 2585, figs. 1-2 (2018)
species :
Centaurea centauroides
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 918 (1753)
Distribution: S-Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Acrocentron
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa centauroides Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
= Centaurea latifolia Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 487 (1807)
= Centaurea neglecta Besser; Enum. Pl. Volh. 35 (1822)
= Crepula centauroides Hill; Hort. Kew. 58 (1768)
= Rhaponticum centauroides G.Don ex Loudon; Encyc. Pl. Suppl. 2: 1440 (1812)
species :
Centaurea cephalariifolia
Willk.; Flora (Regensburg) 34: 762 (1851)
Distribution: N- & C-Spain; Andorra; S-France
12 ADO FRA SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Lopholoma
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea scabiosa subsp. cephalariifolia (Willk.) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. cephalariifolia (Willk.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 92 (1987 publ. (1988)
= Colymbada cephalariifolia (Willk.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
species :
Centaurea ceratophylla
Ten.; Fl. Nop. 1: 1. p. li (1811 publ. 1815)
subspecies :
subsp. ceratophylla
Distribution: Italy (N-Appennini, C-Appennini)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea rupestris subsp. ceratophylla (Ten.) Gugler; Centaur. Ung. Nationalmus. 194 (1907)
= Colymbada ceratophylla (Ten.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
= Colymbada rupestris subsp. ceratophylla (Ten.) Banfi, Galasso & Soldano; Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. Mus. Civico Storia Nat. Milano 146(2): 224 (2005)
subspecies :
subsp. danielae
F.Conti, Moraldo & Ricceri; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 48(3): 209 (2011)
Distribution: Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina
13 BIH CRO
species :
Centaurea chalcidicea
Hayek; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 64: 359 (1914)
Distribution: WC-Greece (S-Pindos etc.)
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta chalcidicea (Hayek) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
= Centaurea affinis subsp. chalcidicea (Hayek) T.Georgiadis; Contr. Phylogén. Centaurea L. (sect. Acrolophus (Cass.) DC.) en Grèce 38 (1980)
species :
Centaurea charrelii
Halácsy & Dörfl.; Jahres-Kat. Wien. Bot. Tauschver. 1894: 6 (1894)
Distribution: North Macedonia; N-Greece (near Edessa)
13 GRC NMA
Remarks: Subgen. Cynaroides
species :
Centaurea cheiranthifolia
Willd.; Phytogr. 1: 12, t. 7 (1794)
subspecies :
subsp. cheiranthifolia
Distribution: Sweden [I]; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)
10 swe 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea axillaris var. ochroleuca (Pushk. ex Willd.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 636 (1875)
= Centaurea cheiranthifolia var. purpurascens (DC.) Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33(2): 230 (1974)
= Centaurea fischeri subsp. cheiranthifolia (Willd.) Sosn.; Vestn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 2: 86 (1926)
= Centaurea fischeri Willd.; Enum. Pl. Suppl. [Willdenow] 61 (1814)
= Centaurea montana var. albida DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 579 (1838)
= Centaurea montana var. citrina DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 579 (1838)
= Centaurea montana var. purpurascens A.DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 579 (1838)
= Centaurea ochroleuca Pushk. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 2289 (1803)
= Cyanus cheiranthifolius (Willd.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 131 (1972)
= Cyanus cheiranthifolius var. purpurascens (A.DC.) Negaresh; Phytotaxa 531(1): 22 (2022)
= Cyanus fischeri (Willd.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 131 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. willdenowii
(Czerep.) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 84(9): 104 (1999)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan
33 AZE GEO NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea willdenowii Czerep.; Fl. URSS 28: 398, 608 (1963)
= Cyanus cheiranthifolius subsp. willdenowii (Czerep.) Greuter; Willdenowia 35(2): 229 (2005)
= Cyanus willdenowii (Czerep.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
species :
Centaurea cheirolepidoides
Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 221 (1974)
Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea cheirolopha
(Fenzl) Wagenitz; Willdenowia 2: 466 (1961)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (W-Syrian Mountains)
34 LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea cheiracantha Fenzl; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 693 (1875)
= Centaurea stevenii Kotschy; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 693 (1875), nom. inval.
= Chartolepis cheirolopha Fenzl; Tchich., Asie Min. Bot. 2: 324 (1860)
species :
Centaurea chrysantha
Wagenitz; Willdenowia 6: 504 (1972)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea chrysoleuca var. eriophylla Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 678 (1875)
= Centaurea eriophylla (Boiss.) Boiss. & Balansa ex Bornm.; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 23: 33 (1919)
= Centaurea eriophylla Boiss. & Balansa; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 678 (1875)
= Colymbada chrysantha (Wagenitz) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 143 (1973)
species :
Centaurea chrysocephala
Phitos & T.Georgiadis; Biol.: aEcol. Medit. 4(1): 4 (1977 publ. 1978)
Distribution: NW-Greece (mountains)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis
species :
Centaurea chrysolepis
Vis.; Mem. Ist. Veneto 9. 172 (1860)
Distribution: Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria
13 BIH BUL KOS MNT SRB
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Orientales
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea chrysolepis f. subcitrina Gajic; Glasn. Prir. Muz. Beogradu, B 27: 34 (1972)
= Centaurea orientalis var. armata Pancic; Verh. Zool.-Bot. Vereins Wien 6: 556 (1856)
= Colymbada chrysolepis (Vis.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 143 (1973)
species :
Centaurea cineraria
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 912 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. cineraria
Distribution: England; Baleares (Mallorca); France; Monaco; Corsica; Italy; Australia [I] (South Australia [I]); New Zealand [I]; Cuba [I]; Hispaniola [I]; Bolivia [I]
10 GRB 12 BAL COR FRA MCO 13 ITA 50 aus 51 nzl 81 cub his 83 bol
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea, Ser. Pannophyllum
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta cineraria (L.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
= Acosta cinerea (Lam.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 303 (1977)
= Centaurea acutifolia Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. (1866), nom. inval.
= Centaurea candidissima Lam.; Encycl. 1: 669 (1785), nom. superfl.
= Centaurea cineraria subsp. cinerea (Lam.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 196 (1976), nom. inval.
= Centaurea cinerea Lam.; Encycl. 1: 669 (1785), nom. superfl.
= Centaurea elegans Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 207 (1796), nom. superfl.
= Centaurea prostrata A.Huet ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 425 (1879) non Coss.
= Jacea cineraria (L.) Delarbre; Fl. Auv. ed. 2, 200 (1800)
= Menomphalus cineraria (L.) Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 33 (1874)
= Staebe cineraria (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. 65 (1768)
subspecies :
subsp. circae
(Sommier) Cela Renz. & Viegi; Atti Soc. Tosc. Sci. Nat., Mem., B 89: 113 (1982 publ. (1983)
Distribution: S-Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea cineraria var. circae Sommier; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 1: 87 (1894)
subspecies :
subsp. sirenum
(Lacaita) Pignatti & Iamonico ex Iamonico & Del Guacchio; Turk. J. Bot. 44(4): 448 (2020)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea cineraria var. sirenum Lacaita; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 22: 242 (1915)
species :
Centaurea cithaeronea
Phitos & Constantin.; Flora Medit. 3: 273 (1993)
Distribution: C-Greece (NW of Athens)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis
species :
Centaurea citricolor
Font Quer; Illustr. Fl. Occid. 7 (1926)
Distribution: S-Spain (Sa. Morena)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Willkommia
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta citricolor (Font Quer) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 22 (1982)
= Centaurea monticola subsp. citricolor (Font Quer) Rivas Mart., A.Asensi, Molero Mesa & F.Valle; Rivasgodaya 6: 23 (1991)
species :
Centaurea clementei
Boiss. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 7: 303 (1838)
Distribution: S-Spain; NW-Morocco
12 SPA 20 MOR
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Orientales
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ragusina Clemente; Boiss., Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 346 (1840)
= Colymbada clementei (Boiss.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
species :
Centaurea codringtonii
Rech.f.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 97: 253 (1950)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Bamyan, Ghazni, Ghorat, Jawzjan / Sar-e-Pol, Wardak, Orozgan / Daykundi, Parwan)
34 AFG
Synonyms: hidden
= Chartolepis umesaoi Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 17: 33 (1957)
species :
Centaurea codruensis
Prodan; Centaur. Román. 155 (1930)
Distribution: Romania (Galati)
13 ROM
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea. Status uncertain, near C. kanitziana
species :
Centaurea collina
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 918 (1753)
Name: Hügel-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; E-Spain; Baleares (Ibiza & Formentera); France; Corsica; Italy
11 ger 12 BAL COR FRA SPA 13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Acrocentron
Synonyms: hidden
= Acrocentron collinum (L.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2 [F. Cuvier] 44: 37 (1826)
= Calcitrapa collina (L.) Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 33 (1779)
= Centaurea cicutifolia Hornem.; Hort. Hafn. 2: 849 (1815)
= Colymbada collina (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
= Setachna collina (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 520 (1867)
species :
Centaurea conocephala
Bolle; Bonplandia (Hannover) 8: 134 (1860)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife)
21 CNY
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Centaurea consanguinea
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 585 (1838)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta consanguinea (DC.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 313 (1972)
= Centaurea argyrocephala Freyn & Sint.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 42: 240 (1892)
species :
Centaurea corcubionensis
M.Laínz; An. Inst. For. Invest. & Exper., Madrid 12: (Aport. Conoc. Fl. Gallega, 5) 40 (1967)
Distribution: NW-Spain (La Coruna)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Lepteranthus
Synonyms: hidden
= Jacea corcubionensis (M.Laínz) M.Laínz; Fontqueria 3: 39 (1983)
species :
Centaurea cordubensis
Font Quer; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 1: 310 (1947)
Distribution: S-Portugal; SW-Spain
12 POR SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea paniculata var. marianica Pau; Bol. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat., Tomo Extr. 294 (1921)
species :
Centaurea corymbosa
Pourr.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Toulouse 3: 310 (1788)
Distribution: SE-France (near Narbonne)
12 FRA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Maculosae
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta corymbosa (Pourr.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
= Centaurea hybrida All.; Fl. Pedem. 1: 161 (1785)
= Centaurea maculosa subsp. corymbosa (Pourr.) R.C.V.Douin; Bonnier, Fl. Ill. France 6: 42 (1923)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. corymbosa (Pourr.) Arènes; Mém. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Bot. 1: 212 (1951)
species :
Centaurea costae
Willk.; Linnaea 30: 115 (1859 publ. 1860)
Distribution: NE-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. costae (Willk.) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 205 (1975 publ. 1976)
= Centaurea alba var. costae (Willk.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 91 (1987 publ. 1988)
= Centaurea aragonensis Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 2: 162 (1899)
= Centaurea pinae var. aragonensis (Bubani) J.M.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 15: 329 (1984)
variant :
var. maluqueri
Font Quer; Treb. Musc. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Ser. Bot. 5: 230 (1920)
Distribution: NE-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. maluqueri (Font Quer) Molero & Vigo; Treb. Inst. Bot. Barcelona 6: 24 (1981)
= Centaurea alba var. cinerascens (Bubani) J.M.Monts.; Fl. Veg. Sierra de Guara 195 (1986)
= Centaurea alba var. maluqueri (Font Quer) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 91 (1987 publ. (1988)
= Centaurea cinerascens Bubani; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 5: 319 (1873)
variant :
var. montsicciana
Pau & Font Quer ex Font Quer; Treb. Musc. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Ser. Bot. 5: 230 (1920)
Distribution: NE-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. ciliata (Font Quer ex O.Bolòs & Vigo) Greuter; Willdenowia 35(2): 227 (2005)
= Centaurea alba subsp. montsicciana (Pau & Font Quer) Romo; Fl. Veg. Montsec 304 (1989)
= Centaurea alba var. ciliata Font Quer ex O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 92 (1987 publ. 1988)
= Centaurea alba var. montsicciana (Pau & Font Quer ex Font Quer) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 92 (1987 publ. (1988)
= Centaurea biformis var. oscilans Pau & Font Quer; Treb. Musc. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Ser. Bot. 5: 229 (1920)
= Centaurea leucophaea var. oscilans (Pau & Font Quer) Romo; Fl. Veg. Montsec 302 (1989)
species :
Centaurea coziensis
Nyár.; Bull. Stint. Acad. Republ. Popul. Romine, Sect. Biol. Sci. 7: 230 (1955),et in Rev. Biol., Roumaine 1: No. 2, 37 (1956)
Distribution: Romania
13 ROM
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Maculosae, stoebe agg.
species :
Centaurea cristata
Bartl.; Bartl. & H. Wendl., Beitr. 2: 119 (1825)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Montenegro
11 ger 13 CRO ITA MNT SLV
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, spinosociliata agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta cristata (Bartl.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 313 (1972)
= Centaurea acutiloba DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 581 (1838)
= Centaurea karschiana Auersw. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 426 (1879)
= Centaurea paniculata Pett. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 426, 427 (1879)
= Centaurea rabenhorstiana Sch.Bip. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 426 (1879)
= Centaurea scopolii Vest; Flora (Regensburg) 12: (1829) I. Erg. 31
= Centaurea spinosociliata subsp. cristata (Bartl.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 198 (1976)
species :
Centaurea crithmifolia
Vis.; Fl. Dalmat. 2: 40 (1847)
Distribution: Croatia
13 CRO
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Pannophyllum
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta crithmifolia (Vis.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 313 (1972)
species :
Centaurea crnogorica
Rohlena; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 33 (1921)
Distribution: Montenegro
13 MNT
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Orientales
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea chrysolepis subsp. crnogorica (Rohlena) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30(2): 751 (1931)
species :
Centaurea cuneifolia
Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 2: 198 (1813)
subspecies :
subsp. cuneifolia
Distribution: Bulgaria; European Turkey; NE-Greece; Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, WN-Anatolia)
13 BUL GRC TUE 34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Maculosae, stoebe agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta cuneifolia (Sm.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 313 (1972)
= Acosta nicopolitana (Bornm.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
= Acosta oviceps (Bornm.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
= Centaurea cylindrocarpa Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H. G. L. Reichenbach] 15: 34, t. 781 (1852)
= Centaurea lyrophylla Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 238 (1846)
= Centaurea maculosa Noë ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 425 (1879), nom. inval.
= Centaurea nicopolitana Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 40: 374 (1936)
= Centaurea oviceps Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 455 (1921)
subspecies :
subsp. pallida
(Friv.) Hayek; Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balcan. 2: 763 (1931)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (N- & NC-Greece)
13 ALB BUL GRC KOS NMA ROM SRB TUE
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta pallida (Friv.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
= Acosta pallida (Friv.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 134 (1972)
= Acosta sublanata (DC.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 143 (1973)
= Centaurea ciliata Friv.; Flora (Regensburg) 18: 334 (1835)
= Centaurea cuneifolia subsp. sublanata (DC.) Hayek; Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balcan. 2: 763 (1931)
= Centaurea cuneifolia var. sublanata (DC.) T.Georgiadis; Contr. Phylogén. Centaurea L. (sect. Acrolophus (Cass.) DC.) en Grèce 30 (1980)
= Centaurea karstiana Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 240 (1846)
= Centaurea pallida Friv.; Flora (Regensburg) 18: 333 (1835)
= Centaurea paniculata var. sublanata DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 584 (1838)
= Centaurea sublanata (DC.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 645 (1875)
= Centaurea sublanata var. litochorensis O.Behr, E.Behr & J.Wagner; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Vereins N. F., 51(2): 349 (1944)
species :
Centaurea cuspidata
Vis.; Flora (Regensburg) 12 (Ergänz. 1): 22 (1829)
Distribution: Croatia (S of Split)
13 CRO
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Pannophyllum, cuspidata agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta cuspidata (Vis.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
species :
Centaurea cyanoides
Berggr. & Wahlenb.; Berggren, Resor Eur. Österland 2, Bihang 65 (1826)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Cyprus (N-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania)
11 ger 34 CYP ISR JOR LEB SYR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus cyanoides (Berggr. & Wahlenb.) Wagenitz & Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
species :
Centaurea cyanomorpha
Stef. & T.Georgiev; Spis. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 44: 181 (1931)
Distribution: Bulgaria
13 BUL
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea diospolitana (Bancheva & Stoyanov) Bancheva; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 172: 244 (2011)
= Cyanus cyanomorphus (Stef. & T.Georgiev) Stoyanov; Phytotaxa 268(1): 52 (2016)
= Cyanus diospolitanus Bancheva & Stoyanov; Novon 19: 421 (2009)
species :
Centaurea cyanus
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 911 (1753)
Name: Echte Kornblume (DE); Cornflower, Bachelor´s Button (EN)
Distribution: England; Northern Ireland; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Baleares (Mallorca, Menorca); France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread on mainland, Samothraki, Limnos); Crete; S-European Russia; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia (incl. Kaliningrad region); Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco [I]; Algeria [I]; Tunisia [I]; South Africa [I]; Siberia [I] (Altai [I], Buryatia [I], Chita [I], Irkutsk [I], Krasnoyarsk [I], W-Siberia [I], Yakutia [I]); Russian Far East [I] (Amur [I], Kamchatka [I], Khabarovsk [I], Magadan [I], Primorye [I], Sakhalin [I]); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; Tajikistan [I]; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Samos, Kos, Nisyros, Symi, Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (W-Iran); Lebanon; Syria; NW-China [I]; South Korea [I]; Pakistan (Baluchistan); Nepal [I]; Bhutan [I]; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand); Bangladesh [I]; Vietnam [I]; Java [I]; New Zealand [I]; Hawaii [I] (Lanai [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); Alaska [I]; Greenland [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland. Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Québec [I], Yukon [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arizona [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], District of Columbia [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Mississippi [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], Nebraska [I], Nevada [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I], Wyoming [I]); Mexico [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Cuba [c]; Hispaniola [c]; Puerto Rico [c]; Colombia [I]; Ecuador [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Metropolitana de Santiago [I], Aisén [I]); Falkland Isl. [I]
10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 20 alg mor tun 27 saf 30 sib 31 rfe 32 KAZ tkm tzk uzb 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 EAI IRN IRQ LEB SYR TUR 36 chi 38 kor 40 ban bhu IND nep PAK 41 vie 42 jaw 51 nzl 63 haw 70 ask cdn gnl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 80 els hon 81 cub his pue 82 clm 83 ecu 85 arg cle 91 fal
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea cyaneum St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 122 (1880), nom. inval.
= Centaurea cyanocephala Velen.; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 7, 1(8): 26 (1886)
= Centaurea cyanus subsp. coa Rech.f.; Phyton (Horn) 1: 216 (1949)
= Centaurea cyanus var. denudata Suksd.; Werdenda 1: 43 (1927)
= Centaurea cyanus var. violacea J.J.Schmitz & Regel; 276 (1841)
= Centaurea hoffmanniana Asch.; Fl. Nordostdeut. Flachl. 752 (1899)
= Centaurea hortorum Pau; Not. Bot. Fl. Españ. 1: 12 (1887)
= Centaurea lanata Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 62 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 3: 444 (1832)
= Centaurea pulcherrima Wight ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 578 (1838), nom. inval.
= Centaurea pulchra DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 578 (1837)
= Centaurea rhizocephala Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 2: 476 (1873)
= Centaurea segetalis Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 207 (1796)
= Centaurea umbrosa A.Huet & Reut.; Cat. Grain. Jard. Bot. Genev. 4 (1856)
= Cyanus arvensis Moench; Methodus [Moench] 561 (1794)
= Cyanus cyanus (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. 64 (1768)
= Cyanus dentato-folius Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 191 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Cyanus segetum Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 29 (1762)
= Cyanus vulgaris Delarbre; Fl. Auv. ed. 2, 203 (1800)
= Jacea segetalis Lam. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 795 (1840)
= Jacea segetum (Hill) Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 54 (1779)
= Leucacantha cyanus (L.) Nieuwl. & Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 5: 71 (1917)
= Setachna cyanus (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 520 (1867)
species :
Centaurea cylindrocephala
Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 453 (1921)
Distribution: North Macedonia; N-Greece
13 GRC NMA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Maculosae, stoebe agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea biebersteinii subsp. cylindrocephala (Bornm.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 201 (1976)
species :
Centaurea cyprensis
(Holub) T.Georgiadis; Willdenowia 23(1-2): 161 (1993)
Distribution: Cyprus (S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus)
34 CYP
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta cyprensis Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 18(2): 204 (1983) (nom. nov.)
= Centaurea aksamica Soldano; Compositae Newslett. 32: 17 (1998), nom. nov.
= Centaurea veneris B.L.Burtt & P.H.Davis; Kew Bull. 104 (1949)
species :
Centaurea cyrenaica
Bég. & Vacc.; Sp. Nuov. & Rar. Fl. Lib. 3 (1912)
Distribution: Libya (Cyrenaica)
20 LBY
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis
species :
Centaurea dalmatica
A.Kern.; Sched. Fl. Exsicc. Austr.-Hungar. 1: 87 (1881), in adnot.
Distribution: Slovenia (Dalmatia)
13 SLV
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta dalmatica (A.Kern.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 313 (1972)
species :
Centaurea damascena
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 112 (1849)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert); Israel (Negev Desert, S-Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania)
34 ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea
species :
Centaurea daneshvarii
Negaresh & Oreizi; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 59(1): 202 (2022)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea daralagoezica
(Fomin) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan (Nachichevan)
33 ARM AZE
Remarks: Subgen. Tomanthea
Synonyms: hidden
= Phaeopappus daralagoezicus Fomin; Mitt. Kauk. Mus. Tiflis 3: 282 (1903 publ. 1907)
= Tomanthea daralagoezica (Fomin) Takht.; Trud. Molod. Uchen. Armyan. Fil. Akad. Nauk USSR, 242 (1939), et Trud. Bot. Inst. Armf. 2: 34 (1941)
species :
Centaurea davisii
Wagenitz; Willdenowia 6: 497, t. 3 (1972)
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq)
34 IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada davisii (Wagenitz) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
species :
Centaurea debdouensis
Breitw. & Podlech; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 22: 54 (1986)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Willkommia
species :
Centaurea debeauxii
Godr. & Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 243 (1850)
Distribution: N-Spain; SW-France; Uruguay [I]
12 FRA SPA 85 uru
Remarks: subgen. Jacea
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea jacea subsp. debeauxii (Godr. & Gren.) R.C.V.Douin; Bonnier, Fl. Ill. France 6: 44 (1923)
= Centaurea nigra subsp. debeauxii (Godr. & Gren.) Arènes; Centaurea Fr. sous-sect. Eu-Jacea 26 (1939), isonym
= Centaurea nigra subsp. debeauxii (Godr. & Gren.) Gugler; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Natl. Hung. 6: 79 (1907)
= Centaurea nigra subsp. debeauxii (Godr. & Gren.) Malag.; Subesp. Variac. Geogr. 15 (1973), isonym
= Centaurea pratensis proles debeauxii (Godr.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 127 (1905)
= Centaurea pratensis f. debeauxii (Godr. & Gren.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 127 (1905)
= Centaurea pratensis subsp. debeauxii (Godr. & Gren.) Sudre; Fl. Toulous. 119 (1907)
= Jacea debeauxii (Godr. & Gren.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 145 (1973)
= Jacea nemoralis subsp. debeauxii (Gren. & Godr.) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 14 (1984)
species :
Centaurea decipiens
Thuill.; Fl. Paris 4 2, 445 (1800)
subspecies :
subsp. decipiens
Name: Täuschende Wiesen-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: England; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland); Switzerland; Spain; Andorra; France; Corsica; Italy
10 DEN GRB NOR SWE 11 BGM GER LUX NET SWI 12 ADO COR FRA SPA 13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Fimbriatae. Status somewhat uncertain, frequently treated as stabilized hybrid
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea amara subsp. serotina (Boreau) Berher; Louis, Fl. Vosges, éd. 2: 140 (1887)
= Centaurea amara var. serotina (Boreau) St.-Lag.; Étude Fl., éd. 8 [A. Cariot], 2: 425 (1889)
= Centaurea crocata Gand.; Obs. Centaurea 13 (1873)
= Centaurea gradata (Rouy) Soest; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 54: 98 (1947)
= Centaurea jacea nothosubsp. decipiens (Thuill.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 421 (1879)
= Centaurea jacea proles decipiens (Thuill.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 119 (1905)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. decipiens (Thuill.) Celak.; Prodr. Fl. Böhmen 250 (1871)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. serotina (Dubois) E.H.L.Krause; 39 (1906)
= Centaurea jacea var. decipiens (Thuill.) W.D.J.Koch & Ziz; 15 (1814)
= Centaurea jacea var. lacera W.D.J.Koch; 469 (1844)
= Centaurea jacea var. serotina (Dubois) Hayek; 202 (1919)
= Centaurea nigra nothosubsp. decipiens (Thuill.) H.P.Fuchs; Feddes Repert. 90: 631 (1980)
= Centaurea nigra var. decipiens (Thuill.) Mérat; Nouv. Fl. Env. Paris 337 (1812)
= Centaurea nigrescens nothosubsp. serotina (Dubois) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 421 (1879)
= Centaurea nigrescens subsp. serotina (Boreau) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 421 (1879)
= Centaurea pratensis proles gradata Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 125 (1905)
= Centaurea pratensis proles serotina (Boreau) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 125 (1905)
= Centaurea pratensis subsp. decipiens (Thuill.) Corb.; Nouv. Fl. Normandie 352 (1894)
= Centaurea pratensis subsp. gradata (Rouy) P.Fourn.; Fl. Compl. Plaine Franç. 294 (1928)
= Centaurea pratensis subsp. serotina (Boreau) Sudre; Fl. Toulous. 119 (1907)
= Centaurea queyrasensis Arènes; Bull. Soc. Franç. Échange Pl. Vasc. 2(1): 43 (1949)
subspecies :
subsp. microptilon
(Godr.) G.H.Loos; Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins 1: 118 (2010)
Distribution: Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Rheinland-Pfalz, Baden-Württemberg, Nordrhein-Westfalen, etc.); Spain; France
11 BGM GER LUX NET 12 FRA SPA
Remarks: transitional between C. decipiens and C. jacea
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea jacea subsp. microptilon (Godr.) Bonnier; Bonnier & R. C. V. Douin, 44 (1923)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. microptilon (Godr.) E.Sauer; Gefässpfl. des Saarlandes (Natur u. Landschaft Saarland, Sonderb. 5): 149 (1993), isonym
= Centaurea jacea subsp. microptilon (Godr.) R.C.V.Douin; Bonnier, Fl. Ill. France 6: 44 (1923)
= Centaurea jacea var. microptilon (Godr.) Briq.; Monogr. Centaurées Alpes Marit. 77 (1902)
= Centaurea microptilon Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 242 (1851)
= Centaurea nigra subsp. microptilon (Godr.) Malag.; Subesp. Variac. Geogr. 15 (1973), without basionym date
= Centaurea nigra subsp. microptilon (Godr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 428 (1879)
= Centaurea nigrescens var. microptilon (Godr.) Gugler; Cent. Ung. Nationalmus. 69 (1907)
= Centaurea pratensis subsp. microptilon (Godr.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 126 (1905)
= Centaurea pratensis subsp. microptilon Sudre; Fl. Toulous. 119 (1907)
= Centaurea vulgaris Godr.; Fl. Lorraine 2: 53 (1843), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea vulgaris var. microptilon Godr.; Fl. Lorraine 2: 54 (1843)
= Jacea microptilon (Godr.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 145 (1973)
subspecies :
subsp. ruscinonensis
(Boiss.) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 206 (1975 publ. 1976)
Distribution: Spain; France
12 FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea jacea nothovar. ruscinonensis (Boiss.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 92 (1987 publ. 1988)
= Centaurea jacea proles ruscinonensis (Boiss.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 120 (1905)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. ruscinonensis (Boiss.) P.Fourn.; Fl. Compl. Plaine Franç. 293 (1928)
= Centaurea jacea var. lamyi (Lamotte) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 120 (1905)
= Centaurea ruscinonensis Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 70 (1856)
= Centaurea ×decipiens nothosubsp. ruscinonensis (Boiss.) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71: 206 (1976)
= Centaurea ×jacea nothof. ruscinonensis (Boiss.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 120 (1905), pro "forme"
= Centaurea ×jacea nothosubsp. ruscinonensis (Boiss.) P.Fourn.; Fl. Compl. Plaine Franç. 293 (1928)
species :
Centaurea degeniana
H.Wagner; Magyar Bot. Lapok 6: 114 (1907)
Distribution: Romania; Bulgaria
13 BUL ROM
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Status uncertain, probably a hybrid
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea phrygia subsp. degeniana (H.Wagner) Stoj. & Acht.
= Jacea degeniana (H.Wagner) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 145 (1973)
species :
Centaurea degenianiformis
Prodan; Anal. Acad. Rep. Pop. Románe 3(18): 678 (1950)
Distribution: Romania
13 ROM
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Status uncertain, probably a hybrid
species :
Centaurea delbesiana
Arènes; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. 14: 187 (1952)
Distribution: Iraq (W-Iraq: Desert); Syria (C-Syrian Desert)
34 IRQ SYR
species :
Centaurea delicatula
Breitw. & Podlech; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 22: 59 (1986)
Distribution: Algeria; Tunisia
20 ALG TUN
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Willkommia
species :
Centaurea delucae
C.Guarino & Rampone; Bocconea 19: 85 (2006), nom. nov.
Distribution: C-Italy (C-Appennini)
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ambigua subsp. nigra (Fiori) Pignatti; Giorn. Bot. Ital. 113: 367 (1980)
= Centaurea dissecta var. montium Gugler
= Centaurea dissecta var. nigra Fiori; Fiori et al., Fl. Anal. Italia 3: 335 (1904)
= Centaurea parlatoris subsp. nigra (Fiori) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71: 197 (1976)
species :
Centaurea demetrii
Dumbadze; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Armjanskoi SSR 5(2): 49 (1946)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus
33 NCS
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea, ovina agg.
species :
Centaurea demirizii
Wagenitz; Willdenowia 2: 456, f. 1 (1961)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Chartolepis demirizii (Wagenitz) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 143 (1973)
species :
Centaurea demirkapiensis
Micevski; Prilozi Oddel. Biol. Med. Nauki Makedonska Akad. Nauk Umet., 8(1-2): 49 (1987 publ. 1990)
Distribution: North Macedonia
13 NMA
species :
Centaurea depressa
M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 2: 346 (1808)
Name: Low cornflower (EN), Orient-Kornblume (DE)
Distribution: Belgium [I]; Germany [I]; Spain [I]; France [I]; Sicily [I]; Bulgaria [I]; European Turkey; E-Crete (very rare); Belarus; Ukraine; Crimea [I]; Tunisia [I]; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos); Turkey (Central Anatolia, E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Baghlan, Balkh, Bamyan, Farah, Faryab, Ghazni, Herat, Kabul, Logar, Kandahar, Wardak, Orozgan / Daykundi, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Takhar); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram); NW-India (Ladakh, Jammu & Kashmir); USA [I] (Maryland [I], Nevada [I])
11 bgm ger 12 fra spa 13 bul KRI sic TUE 14 BLR kry UKR 20 tun 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG EAI IRN IRQ TUR 40 IND PAK 76 usa 78 usa
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea anatolica Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 234 (1846)
= Centaurea depressa var. amasiana Bornm.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 4: 260 (1905)
= Centaurea pygmaea Hoffm.; Hort. Mosc. (1808) n. 783
= Centaurea rivasmateoi Ladero; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 27: 87 (1970)
= Cyanus depressus (M.Bieb.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 131 (1972)
species :
Centaurea derderiifolia
Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 171, t. 13 (1963)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea derventana
Vis. & Pancic; Mem. Ist. Venet. 12: 472 (1864)
Distribution: Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo
13 BIH KOS SRB
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Pannophyllum, cuspidata agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta derventana (Vis. & Pancic) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
= Centaurea incompta subsp. derventana (Vis. & Pancic) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 198 (1976)
species :
Centaurea deusta
Ten.; Prod. Fl. Napol. 51 (1811)
subspecies :
subsp. deusta
Name: Glanz-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Belgium; Germany [I]; Switzerland; Italy; Sicily; Malta; San Marino; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; Greece (NW- & NC-Greece)
11 BGM ger SWI 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA SIC SMA SRB
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba f. titani Pamp.; Boll. Mus. Republ. San Marino 4: 117 (1920)
= Centaurea alba subsp. deusta (Ten.) Ces.; Car. Catt., 302 (1844)
= Centaurea alba subsp. deusta (Ten.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 420 (1879), isonym
= Centaurea deusta var. tenuisecta Arcang.; Index Sem. (FI, Florentinii) 1877: [2] (1877)
= Centaurea splendens f. pseudodeusta (Hayek) Hegi; 941 (1928)
subspecies :
subsp. leucolepis
(DC.) Del Guacchio, Cennamo & P.Caputo; Turk. J. Bot. 44: 444 (2020)
Distribution: Sardinia; Italy
12 SAR 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea corensis Vals. & Filigh.; Webbia 45: 235 (1991)
= Centaurea leucolepis DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 568 (1838)
species :
Centaurea deustiformis
Adamovic; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 74: 145 (1904)
Distribution: North Macedonia; Albania; N-Greece (Pindos to Falakron)
13 ALB GRC NMA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
species :
Centaurea devasiana
Bergmeier & Strid; Phytol. Balcan. 25(3): 281 (2019)
Distribution: N-Greece (Mt. Devas near Macedonian border)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea, Ser. Acrolophus, triniifolia agg.
species :
Centaurea dezfulica
Ranjbar & S.Mohamadi; Phytotaxa 480(2): 126 (2021)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea dhofarica
Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895: 182 (1895)
Distribution: Oman (Dhofar, Mascat & Oman)
35 OMA
species :
Centaurea dichroa
Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 111 (1849)
Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Phaeopappus dichrous (Boiss. & Heldr.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 601 (1875)
species :
Centaurea dichroantha
A.Kern.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 24: 104 (1874)
Distribution: Germany [I]; S-Austria; NE-Italy; Slovenia; Croatia
11 AUT ger 13 CRO ITA SLV
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Acroptilon
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa sordida (Willd.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
= Centaurea alpigena Paulin; Carniola, n. s. 8: 104 (1917)
= Centaurea dichroantha subsp. alpigena Paulin; Carniola, n. s. 8: 104 (1917)
= Centaurea sordida Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 2323 (1803)
= Colymbada dichroantha (A.Kern.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
= Colymbada dichroantha subsp. alpigena (Paulin) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Preslia 46(2): 135 (1974)
species :
Centaurea diffusa
Lam.; Encycl. [J. Lamarck et al.] 1: 675 (1785)
Name: Sparrige Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: England [I]; Norway [I]; Belgium [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Austria; Poland [I]; Czech Republic [I]; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain [I]; France [I]; Italy; Slovenia; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (N- & NE-Greece, Samothraki, Thasos); S-European Russia; Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Lithuania [I]; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk [I]); Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia); China [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I], Saskatchewan [I], Yukon [I]); USA [I] (Arizona [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], Nebraska [I], Nevada [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], Oregon [I], Rhode Island [I], Tennessee [I], Utah [I], Washington [I], Wyoming [I]); Argentina [I]
10 grb nor 11 AUT bgm cze ger HUN pol SLO swi 12 fra spa 13 BUL GRC ITA KOS NMA ROM SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR est KRY lat lit MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 rfe 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR 36 chi 70 cdn 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 85 arg
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Cylindracea
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta aemulans (Klokov) Holub; Preslia 46: 226 (1974)
= Acosta diffusa (Lam.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 133 (1972)
= Acrolophus diffusus (Lam.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 44 (1961)
= Centaurea aemulans Klokov; Bobrov & Czerep., Fl. URSS 28: 617 (1963)
= Centaurea ammophila Besser ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 586 (1838)
= Centaurea comperiana Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 29(2): 393 (1856)
= Centaurea iljiniana N.B.Illar.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 18: 307 (1957)
= Centaurea microcalathina A.O.Tarassov; Pochvy Rast. Yugo-Vostoka 1970: 101 (1970)
= Centaurea ovina Pall. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 321 (1840), nom. inval.
= Centaurea parviflora Besser; Enum. Pl. Volhyn. 35 (1822)
= Centaurea parviflora Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. 10: 9 (1840), non Lam.
= Centaurea sabulosa Ledeb. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 405 (1826)
= Centaurea seresiensis Rech.f.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 69: 525 (1939)
= Centaurea spinosa Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 241 (1846) non L. 1753
= Centaurea stoebe Tausch; Flora (Regensburg) 12(1, Ergänzungsbl.): 42 (1829), nom. illeg.
species :
Centaurea diluta
Aiton; Hort. Kew. 3: 261 (1789)
subspecies :
subsp. diluta
Name: Trübe Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: England [I]; Norway [I]; Belgium [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Austria [I]; Poland [I]; SW- & E-Spain; Baleares (Mallorca, Menorca); France [I]; Channel Isl. [I]; Italy [I]; Sicily [I]; Morocco; Azores (Sao Miguel Isl., Sao Jorge); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Tenerife, La Gomera, Lanzarote, Gran Canaria [I]); USA [I] (California [I], Missouri [I], New York [I])
10 grb nor 11 aut bgm ger pol swi 12 BAL cis fra SPA 13 ita sic 20 MOR 21 AZO CNY MDR 75 usa 76 usa
Remarks: Subgen. Solstitiaria
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa diluta (Aiton) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 143 (1973)
= Calcitrapa subspinosa Moench; Methodus [Moench], Suppl. 228 (1794)
= Calcitrapoides micracantha (Dufour) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 (1974)
= Centaurea elongata Schousb.; Vextr. Marokko, 199 (1800)
= Centaurea micracantha Dufour; Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 23: 164 (1831)
= Centaurea raphanifolia Salzm. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 591 (1838)
= Centaurea subspinosa (Moench) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 322 (1840)
= Hymenocentron dilutum (Aiton) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 44: 37 (1826)
subspecies :
subsp. algeriensis
(Coss. & Durieu) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 814 (1934)
Name: Algerische Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Norway [I]; Belgium [I]; Germany [I]; France [I]; Morocco; Algeria
10 nor 11 bgm ger 12 fra 20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea algeriensis Coss. & Durieu; Notes Pl. Crit. 136 (1851)
species :
Centaurea diomedea
Gasp.; Descr. Isole Tremiti 19, 23 (1837)
Distribution: Italy (Isole Tremiti)
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. diomedea (Gasp.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 205 (1976)
species :
Centaurea djebel-amouri
Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba var. mauritanica Batt.; Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie, Dicot. 494. (1889) (non Centaurea mauritanica (Font Quer) Pau 1930)
species :
Centaurea doddsii
Post; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] Suppl. 315 (1888)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea dolopica
Zograf., Koutr., Liveri & Dimop.; Phytotaxa 584(3): 176 (2023)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
species :
Centaurea dominii
(Dostál) Dubovik; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 75(11): 1579 (1990)
Distribution: Slovakia; Bulgaria; Ukraine
11 SLO 13 BUL 14 UKR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea axillaris var. sokolensis Pawl.; Kosmos (Lvov) 55: 70 (1930)
= Centaurea triumfettii subsp. dominii Dostál; Acta Bot. Bohem. 10: 71 (1931)
= Centaurea triumfettii var. slovenica Dostál; Acta Bot. Bohem. 10: 71 (1931)
= Cyanus dominii (Dostál) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 308 (1977)
= Cyanus dominii subsp. slovenicus (Dostál) Olsavská; Preslia 83(1): 92 (2011)
= Cyanus dominii subsp. sokolensis (Pawl.) Olsavská; Preslia 83(1): 92 (2011)
= Cyanus strictus subsp. dominii (Dostál) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 131 (1972)
= Cyanus triumfettii subsp. dominii (Dostál) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 14 (1984)
species :
Centaurea donetzica
Klokov; Trav. Inst. Bot., Univ. Kharkov, ed. Med. 1: 86, 101 (1936)
Distribution: S-European Russia (Donets valley); E-Ukraine
14 RUS UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea margaritacea subsp. donetzica (Klokov) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 204 (1976)
species :
Centaurea drabifolia
Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 2: 202 (1813)
subspecies :
subsp. drabifolia
Distribution: Turkey (Central Anatolia, E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)
34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Chartolepis drabifolia (Sm.) Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 3(29): 136 (1850)
= Cheirolepis drabifolia (Sm.) Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 107 (1849)
= Phaeopappus drabifolius (Sm.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 594 (1875)
subspecies :
subsp. austrooccidentalis
Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 160 (1963)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
subspecies :
subsp. cappadocica
(DC.) Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 162 (1963)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea cappadocica DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 595 (1838)
= Chartolepis cappadocica (DC.) Fenzl; Tchich. Asie Min. Bot. 2: 328 (1860), nom. illeg.
= Cheirolepis cappadocica (DC.) Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 107 (1849)
= Phaeopappus cappadocicus (DC.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 594 (1875)
subspecies :
subsp. libanotica
(Boiss.) Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 161 (1963)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria
34 LEB SYR
Synonyms: hidden
= Cheirolepis libanotica Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 107 (1849)
= Phaeopappus libanoticus (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 594 (1875)
species :
Centaurea drabifolioides
Hub.-Mor.; Bauhinia 3: 322, t. 29 (1967)
Distribution: Turkey (N-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea dracunculifolia
Dufour; Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 23: 157 (1831)
Distribution: E-Spain; S-France
12 FRA SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Jacea
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea jacea proles dracunculifolia (Dufour) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 122 (1905)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. dracunculifolia (Dufour) A.Bolòs; Veg. Comarcas Barcelon. 533 (1950)
= Jacea dracunculifolia (Dufour) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 316 (1972)
species :
Centaurea drenovensis
Pils; Ill. Fl. Albania 9, tt. 57, 376-377 (2016)
Distribution: Albania
13 ALB
species :
Centaurea dubjanskyi
Iljin; Bul. Jard. Bot. Princ. U.R.S.S.. 26: 36 (1927)
Distribution: C-European Russia (near Borisogiebsk, Voronelskaja Obl.)
14 RUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea margaritacea subsp. dubjanskyi (Iljin) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 204 (1976)
species :
Centaurea ducellieri
Batt. & Trab.; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 9: 15 (1918)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
species :
Centaurea dumanii
(Dinç, A.Duran & Bilgili) Dinç & Dogu; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 49(1-2): 87 (2012)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia); Syria (W-Syrian Mountains)
34 SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea cassia subsp. dumanii Dinç, A.Duran & Bilgili; Biologia (Bratislava), Sect. Bot. 64(5): 898 (2009)
species :
Centaurea dumulosa
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 111 (1849)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert); Israel (Negev Desert); Jordania (W-Jordania)
34 ISR JOR LEB SYR
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta dumulosa (Boiss.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
species :
Centaurea dursunbeyensis
Uysal & Köse; Turk. J. Bot. 33: 42 (2009)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea ebenoides
Heldr. ex S.Moore; J. Bot. 16: 133 (1878)
Distribution: Greece (N-Evvoia and around Korinth)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Carduiformes
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada ebenoides (Heldr.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
species :
Centaurea edith-mariae
Radic; Acta Biokovica 1: 133 (1981)
Distribution: Croatia
13 CRO
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Centaurea eflanensis
(Kaya & Bancheva) Sirin & Ertugrul; Turk. J. Bot. 43(4): 540 (2019)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus eflanensis Kaya & Bancheva; Novon 19: 175 (2009)
species :
Centaurea elazigensis
Kaya & Vural; Novon 17: 198 (2007)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea elbrusensis
Boiss. & Buhse; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 12: 131 (1860)
Distribution: Armenia; Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)
33 ARM 34 IRN
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus elbrusensis (Boiss. & Buhse) Wagenitz & Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
= Centaurea lanigera subsp. elbrusensis (Boiss. & Buhse) Dostál; Preslia 10: 68 (1931)
species :
Centaurea elegantissima
Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 369 (1928)
Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq)
34 IRQ
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada elegantissima (Bornm.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
species :
Centaurea emigrantis
Bubani; Nuovo Gior. Bot. Ital. 5: 318 (1873), et Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 2: 165 (1899)
Distribution: NE-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Lepteranthus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea uniflora subsp. emigrantis (Bubani) Pau & Font Quer; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Ser. Bot. 5: 229 (1920)
species :
Centaurea emiliae
Huseynova & Garakhani; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 99(3): 350 (2014)
Distribution: Azerbaijan
33 AZE
species :
Centaurea emporitana
Vayr. ex Hayek; Cent. Exsicc. Crit. No. 89 (1914)
Distribution: NE-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: subgen. Jacea
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea microptilon subsp. emporitana (Vayr. ex Hayek) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 206 (1975 publ. 1976)
= Centaurea microptilon var. emporitana (Vayr. ex Hayek) C.Blanché, Molero & Rovira; But. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., 51 Bot. 5: 119 (1984)
= Centaurea microptilon var. emporitana Sennen & Pau; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot., Sér. 3, 18: 470 (1908)
= Jacea emporitana (Vayr.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12: 304 (1977)
species :
Centaurea ensiformis
P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 67, t. 1 (1956)
Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea epapposa
Velen.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl., no. 28, 6 (1903)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria; Saudi Arabia (N-Saudi Arabia, Asir)
13 BUL KOS SRB 35 SAU
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. epapposa (Velen.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 205 (1976)
= Centaurea splendens var. epapposa (Velen.) Gajic; Fl. Srbije 7: 255 (1975)
species :
Centaurea epirota
Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 581 (1898)
Distribution: Albania; NW-Greece (Epiros)
13 ALB GRC
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus. Very close to C. pindicola
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus epirotus (Halácsy) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
species :
Centaurea erinacella
Rech.f.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 97: 258 (1950)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Erinacella rechingeri Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung., 19(1-4): 77 (1973) (nom. nov.)
species :
Centaurea eriophora
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 916 (1753)
Name: Woll-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: England [I]; Germany [I]; ?Portugal; S- & E-Spain; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Canary Isl. (Fuerteventura); Israel (N-Negev Desert); Australia [I] (South Australia [I])
10 grb 11 ger 12 SPA 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 CNY 34 ISR 50 aus
Remarks: Subgen. Solstitiaria
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa eriophora (L.) Moench; Methodus [Moench] 564 (1794)
= Cyanus eriophorus (L.) Gaertn.; Fruct. 2: 382, t. 161 (1791)
= Eriopha eriopha (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. 69 (1769)
= Jacea eriophora (L.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
= Mesocentron eriophorum (L.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 44: 38 (1826)
= Rhaponticum eriophorum (L.) Scop.; Fl. Carniol. ed. 2, 2: 135 (1771)
species :
Centaurea ertugruliana
Uysal; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 45: 137 (2008)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea erycina
Raimondo & Bancheva; Bocconea 17: 299 (2004)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
species :
Centaurea eryngioides
Lam.; Encycl. 1: 675 (1785)
Distribution: Egypt (Eastern Desert, NE-Egypt); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Israel (Rift Valley, N-Negev Desert, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Midyan)
20 EGY 34 ISR JOR LEB SIN 35 SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada eryngioides (Lam.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
species :
Centaurea esfandiarii
Rech.f. & Aellen; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 97: 253 (1950)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea euboica
Rech.f.; Anz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 93: 102 (1956)
subspecies :
subsp. euboica
Distribution: Greece (Evvoia)
13 GRC
subspecies :
subsp. intermedia
Phitos & T.Georgiadis; Bot. Chronika 1(2): 111 (1981)
Distribution: Greece (Evvoia)
13 GRC
species :
Centaurea euxina
Velen.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl., 2: 50 (1889 publ. 1890)
Distribution: NE-Bulgaria
13 BUL
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. euxina (Velen.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 205 (1976)
species :
Centaurea exarata
Boiss. ex Coss.; Not. Pl. Crit. 116 (1851)
Distribution: S-Portugal; SW-Spain
12 POR SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta exarata (Boiss. ex Coss.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
species :
Centaurea fabregatii
Mateo & M.B.Crespo; Fl. Montiberica 40: 55 (2008)
Distribution: E-Spain (Castellon, Tarragona)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
species :
Centaurea farsistanica
(Wagenitz) Ranjbar & Negaresh; Phytotaxa 123(1): 14 (2013)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea aucheri subsp. farsistanica Wagenitz; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 139b: 361 (1980)
species :
Centaurea fenzlii
Reichardt; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 13: 1039 (1863)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea ferox
Desf.; Med. Eclairee Sci. Phys. 3: 163 (1792)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa ferox (Desf.) Moench; Methodus [Moench], Suppl. 229 (1794)
= Philostizus fontanesianus Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 39: 498 (1826)
= Seridia ferox (Desf.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
species :
Centaurea filiformis
Viv.; Fl. Cors., App. 1: 6 (1825)
subspecies :
subsp. filiformis
Distribution: Sardinia
12 SAR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Maculosae, stoebe agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ceratophylla Moris; Elench. 1: 55 (1827)
= Centaurea speciosa Moritzi ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 428 (1879)
subspecies :
subsp. ferulacea
(Martelli) Arrigoni; Webbia 27(1): 286 (1972)
Distribution: E-Sardinia (Baunei)
12 SAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ferulacea Martelli; Nuovo Gior. Bot. Ital. nov., Ser. 3: 370 (1896)
species :
Centaurea finazzeri
Adamovic; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 235 (1905)
subspecies :
subsp. finazzeri
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Bulgaria; N-Greece (Greek Macedonia)
13 BUL GRC KOS NMA SRB
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea rupestris subsp. finazzeri (Adamovic) Hayek; Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balcan. 2: 754 (1931)
= Colymbada finazzeri (Adamovie) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. kozanii
(Routsi & T.Georgiadis) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
Distribution: Albania; NC-Greece
13 ALB GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea rupestris subsp. kozanii Routsi & T.Georgiadis; Candollea 49(2): 366 (1994)
species :
Centaurea flosculosa
Balb. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 2285 (1803)
Distribution: Switzerland; SE-France; N-Italy
11 SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea discoidea Balb. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 573 (1838)
= Centaurea ferdinandi Gren.; Cat. Sem. Hort. Bot. Grat. (1847) Collect. 20
= Centaurea rhaetica subsp. ferdinandi (Gren.) Pignatti; Giorn. Bot. Ital. 113(5-6): 367 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Centaurea thomasiana Dalla Torre; Anleit. Beob. Alpenpfl. 141 (1882)
= Centaurea uniflora subsp. ferdinandi (Gren.) Bonnier; Fl. Compl. Fr. 6: 45 (1923)
= Cyanus flosculosus (Balb. ex Willd.) Baumg.; Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 3: 79 (1817)
= Jacea ferdinandli (Gren.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 229 (1974)
= Jacea flosculosa (Willd.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 316 (1972)
= Lepteranthus incoronatus Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2 [F. Cuvier] 26: 66 (1823)
species :
Centaurea formanekii
Halácsy ex Formánek; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 30: (1892) extr. 15, et in Oesterr. Bot. Z. 43: 55 (1893)
Distribution: C-North Macedonia (SE of Titov Veles); NW-Greece (Epiros)
13 GRC NMA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. formanekii (Halácsy) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 205 (1976)
species :
Centaurea foucauldiana
Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 20: 186 (1929)
Distribution: S-Algeria (C-Saharan Mts., Hoggar)
20 ALG
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea tougourensis subsp. foucauldiana (Maire) Quézel & Santa
species :
Centaurea foveolata
Blakelock; Kew Bull. 1949: 46 (1949)
Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq)
34 IRQ
species :
Centaurea fragilis
Durand; Duch. Rev. Bot. 2: 429 (1847)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea fragilis var. subinermis Pau; Mem. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 12: 350 (1924)
= Centaurea fragilis var. zeluana Pau; Mem. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Ser. Bot. 1(1): 52 (1922)
= Centaurea sphaerocephala Schousb. ex Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 531 (1878), nom. inval.
species :
Centaurea francoi
Figueiredo & Gideon F.Sm.; Phytotaxa 344(1): 99 (2018)
Distribution: SW-Portugal
12 POR
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Orientales
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea crocata Franco; Nova Fl. Portugal 2: 474, 572 (1984), nom. illeg.
species :
Centaurea friderici
Vis.; Fl. Dalmat. 2: 40 (1847)
subspecies :
subsp. friderici
Distribution: S-Croatia (Palagruja Isl.)
13 CRO
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta friderici (Vis.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. jabukensis
(Ginzb. & Teyber) [Dostál in J.Linn.Soc., Bot.71: 196.1976, comb.inval., ex] Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
Distribution: S-Croatia (Jabuka Isl.)
13 CRO
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea jabukensis Ginzb. & Teyber; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 70: 31 (1921)
= Acosta jabukensis (Ginzb. & Teyber) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
species :
Centaurea furfuracea
Coss. & Durieu; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 4: 363 (1857)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Great Southwestern Desert, NW-coastal Egypt)
20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa furfuracea (Coss. & Durieu) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 143 (1973)
= Centaurea contracta Viv.; Fl. Libyc. Spec. 58, t. 24, f. 1, 2 (1824)
= Centaurea delilei Godr.; Mém. Acad. Montp. (Sect. Medik.) 1: 435 (1853)
= Centaurea prolifera Delile ex Godr.; Mém. Acad. Montp. (Sect. Medik.) 1: 435 (1853)
species :
Centaurea fuscomarginata
(K.Koch) Juz.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 14: 41 (1951)
Distribution: Ukraine; Crimea; Northern Caucasus
14 KRY UKR 33 NCS
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea axillaris var. fuscomarginata K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 426 (1851)
= Cyanus fuscomarginatus (K.Koch) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
species :
Centaurea fusiformis
Blakelock; Kew Bull. 1949: 47 (1949)
Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq)
34 IRQ
species :
Centaurea gabrielae
(Bornm.) Wagenitz; Willdenowia 2: 492 (1960)
Distribution: Iran (S-Iran, SW-Iran)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Phaeopappus gabrielae Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 59: E. 303 (1939)
= Tomanthea gabrielae (Bornm.) Czerep.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 20: 481 (1960)
species :
Centaurea gabrielis-blancae
Fern.Casas; Fontqueria 10: 6 (1986), nom. nov.
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: status uncertain, near C. ornata
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ornata var. microcephala Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 147 (1865)
= Centaurea ornata var. tenuispina Pau; Cavanillesia 4: 131 (1931)
species :
Centaurea gabrieljanae
Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003), nom. nov.
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey
33 ARM AZE 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea biebersteinii (Jaub. & Spach) Walp.; Ann. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 1: 448 (1849) (non DC. (1838))
= Centaurea finitima Boraz; Trudy Bot. Sada Imp. Yur´evsk. Univ. 13: 24 (1912)
= Chartolepis biebersteinii Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 3(21-23): 11 (1847)
= Chartolepis finitima (Boraz) Iljin; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 353 (1931 publ. 1932)
species :
Centaurea gadorensis
Blanca; Lazaroa 6: 173 (1984 publ. 1985), nom. nov.
Distribution: SE-Spain (Sa. de Gador, S-Sa. Nevada)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea tenuifolia var. tenuiloba Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 346 (1840)
= Centaurea segredoi subsp. tenuiloba (Boiss.) Blanca; Lagascalia 10(2): 200 (1982)
species :
Centaurea galicicae
Micevski; Acta Bot. Croat. 44: 83 (1985)
Distribution: S-North Macedonia (Galicica Planina); SE-Albania; NW-Greece (Lake Megali Prespa)
13 ALB GRC NMA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Maculosae, triniifolia agg.
species :
Centaurea gallaecica
(M.Laínz) Arnelas & Devesa; Acta Bot. Malac. 37: 66 (2012)
Distribution: NW-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: subgen. Jacea
Synonyms: hidden
= Jacea janeri subsp. gallaecica (M.Laínz) M.Laínz; Fontqueria 3: 39 (1983)
= Centaurea janeri subsp. gallaecica M.Laínz; Anal. Inst. Forest. Invest. 12: 40 (1968)
species :
Centaurea gattefossei
Maire; Contr. Etude Fl. Afr. Nord, Fasc. 21, reimpr. p. 1 (1933), Maire in Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 13: 269 (1933 publ. 1934)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Melanoloma gattefossei (Maire) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 1: 6 (1982)
species :
Centaurea geluensis
Boiss. & Hausskn.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 674 (1875)
Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea gerberi
Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 29: (1856) II. 391
Distribution: S-European Russia; E-European Russia
14 RUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea margaritacea subsp. gerberi (Steven) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 204 (1976)
species :
Centaurea gerhardii
M.V.Agab.; Lagascalia 19(1-2): 897 (1997)
Distribution: Afghanistan
34 AFG
species :
Centaurea germanicopolitana
Bornm.; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 89: 376 (1944)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, N-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus germanicopolitanus (Bornm.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
species :
Centaurea ghahramanii
Wagenitz & Esfand.; Willdenowia 13: 139, f. 2 (1983)
Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea giardinae
Raimondo & Spadaro; Naturalista Sicil., Ser. 4, 30: 373 (2006)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
species :
Centaurea gigantea
Sch.Bip.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 672 (1875)
subspecies :
subsp. gigantea
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq)
34 IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea chaldaeorum Nábelek; Publ. Fac. Sci. Univ. Masaryk Brno 52: 4, t. VIII (1925)
subspecies :
subsp. rechingeri
Negaresh; Phytotaxa 363(1): 45 (2018)
Distribution: Iraq
34 IRQ
species :
Centaurea gjurasinii
Bosnjak; Glasn. Hrvatsk. Prir. Drustva 49-50: 26 (1937-1938 publ. 1938)
Distribution: Montenegro
13 MNT
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Centaurea glaberrima
Tausch; Flora (Regensburg) 10: 249 (1827)
subspecies :
subsp. glaberrima
Distribution: Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Albania
13 ALB BIH CRO MNT
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Maculosae
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea punctata Vis.; Flora (Regensburg) 19: 23 (1829)
= Centaurea virgata Port. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 426 (1879)
subspecies :
subsp. divergens
(Vis.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30(2): 260 (1931)
Distribution: France; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina
12 FRA 13 BIH CRO
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta divergens (Vis.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 134 (1972)
= Centaurea divergens Vis.; Fl. Slovenia (Dalmatia). 2: 37, t. 12 b. (1847)
= Centaurea petteri Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H. G. L. Reichenbach] 15: 36, t. 783 (1852)
species :
Centaurea glabroauriculata
Uysal & Demir.; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 44: 219 (2007)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea glastifolia
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 915 (1753) emend. Czerep., Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. 20: 461-462 (1960)
subspecies :
subsp. glastifolia
Distribution: France [I]; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)
12 fra 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Chartolepis
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea tournefortii (Jaub. & Spach) Walp.; Ann. 1: 448 (1849)
= Chartolepis cassiniana Jaub. & Spach; Illustr. 3: 9 (1847)
= Chartolepis glastifolia (L.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 54: 492 (1829)
= Chartolepis tournefortii Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Or. 3: 9, t. 207 (1847)
= Rhaponticum argentatum Moench; Methodus [Moench] 562 (1794)
subspecies :
subsp. intermedia
(Boiss.) L.Martins; Fl. China 20-21: 192 (2011)
Distribution: Romania; S-European Russia; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; China (Xinjiang); Mongolia
13 ROM 14 MLD RUS UKR 32 KAZ KGZ 36 CHI 37 MON
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea chartolepis Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003), nom. nov.
= Chartolepis intermedia Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 64 (1856) (non Centaurea intermedia Mutel 1846)
species :
Centaurea globurensis
Nyár.; Bul. Grad. Bot. Univ. Cluj 14: 218 (1934)
Distribution: SW-Romania (Banat)
13 ROM
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma
species :
Centaurea glomerata
Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 2: 94 (1791)
Distribution: Italy [I]; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Desert Oases, Great Southwestern Desert, NW-coastal Egypt); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai)
13 ita 20 EGY LBY TUN 34 SIN
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapoides glomerata (Vahl) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)
= Centaurea acaulis Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 52 (1775)
= Centaurea coarctata Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 407 (1826)
= Centaurea prolifera Vent.; Jard. Cels, 16 (1800)
= Centaurea straminea Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 2312 (1803)
= Seridia glomerata (Vahl) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 48: 499 (1827)
= Seridia prolifera (Vent.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
= Seridia straminea Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
species :
Centaurea gloriosa
Radic; Acta Biokovica 1: 127 (1981)
Distribution: Croatia
13 CRO
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Centaurea goerkii
Yild.; Ot Sist. Bot. Derg. 25(2): 5 (2018)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea goksivriensis
M.Bona; Phytotaxa 203(1): 63 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea golestanica
Akhani & Wagenitz; Edinburgh J. Bot. 56(1): 6 (1999)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea gracilenta
Velen.; Fl. Bulg. 321 (1891)
Distribution: E-Romania; E-Bulgaria
13 BUL ROM
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Arenariae
species :
Centaurea graeca
Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 242 (1846)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Greece (NW-, NC- & C-Greece)
13 ALB GRC KOS NMA SRB
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Carduiformes
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ceccariniana Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 81 (1856)
= Centaurea cordonis Boiss. & Orph.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 663 (1875)
= Centaurea graeca subsp. ceccariniana (Boiss. & Heldr.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 195 (1976)
= Centaurea guicciardii var. minutispina Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boissier 6: 642 (1898)
= Centaurea paniculata Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 2: 199 (1813)
= Colymbada ceccariniana (Boiss. & Heldr.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 228 (1974)
= Colymbada graeca (Griseb.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
species :
Centaurea graminifolia
(Lam.) Muñoz Rodr. & Devesa; Acta Bot. Malac. 35: 36 (38) (2012)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Morocco
12 POR SPA 20 MOR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea lingulata Lag.; Gen. et Sp. Nov. 32 (1816)
= Centaurea lingulata var. linearifolia Sennen & Pau; Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.) 1918: no. 3431 (1919), nom. nud.
= Centaurea montana subsp. lingulata (Lag.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 92 (1987 publ. 1988)
= Centaurea montana subsp. variegata (Lam.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 144 (1905)
= Centaurea montana var. lingulata (Lag.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17: 92 (1988)
= Centaurea seusana Chaix; Pl. Vapicens. 61 (1785)
= Centaurea seusana var. lingulata (Lag.) Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 160 (1865)
= Centaurea triumfettii subsp. lingulata (Lag.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 209 (1976), isonym
= Centaurea triumfettii subsp. lingulata (Lag.) Vicioso; Exsicc. (Centaur. Crit.) 2: no. 53 (1914)
= Centaurea triumfettii subsp. variegata (Lam.) Dostál; Preslia 10: 62 (1931), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea triumfettii var. seusana (Chaix) Gugler; Schinz & Keller, Fl. Schweiz, ed. 3, 2: 353 (1914)
= Centaurea variegata Lam.; Encycl. 1: 668 (1785), nom. superfl.
= Centaurea variegata var. decurrentifolia Pau; Exsicc. (Iter Marocc.) 1927: no. 700 (1928)
= Cyanus graminifolius (Lam.) Olsavská; Taxon 58(1): 183 (2009)
= Cyanus lingulatus (Lag.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
= Cyanus triumfettii subsp. lingulatus (Lag.) Á.Löve & Kjellq.; Lagascalia 4(2): 199 (1974)
= Cyanus variegatus Baumg.; Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 3: 74 (1817), nom. superfl.
= Jacea graminifolia Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 3: 638 (1779)
species :
Centaurea granatensis
Boiss. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 7: 303 (1838)
Distribution: SE-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Acrocentron
Synonyms: hidden
= Acrocentron granatense (Boiss.) Webb; Iter Hisp. 32 (1838)
= Centaurea granatensis var. acaulis Cuatrec.; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sèr. Bot. 12: 467 (1929)
= Centaurea prolongoi var. granatensis (DC.) Pau; Mem. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Ser. Bot. 1(1): 51 (1922)
= Colymbada granatensis (Boiss.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
species :
Centaurea grbavacensis
(Rohlena) Stoj. & Acht.; Stud. Centaur. Bulg. 39 (1935)
Distribution: NC-North Macedonia (near Prilep); N-Greece (Mt. Olimpos north to the border)
13 GRC NMA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Orientales
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea atropurpurea subsp. soskae (Stoj. & Acht.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 195 (1976)
= Centaurea atropurpurea var. soskae Stoj. & Acht.
= Centaurea immanuelis-loewii var. grbavacensis Rohlena
= Colymbada grbavacensis (Rohlena) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 228 (1974)
species :
Centaurea greuteri
E.Gamal-Eldin & Wagenitz; Willdenowia 13(2): 324 (1983 publ. 1984)
Distribution: NE-Greece (Chalkidiki: Sithonia peninsula)
13 GRC
species :
Centaurea grisebachii
(Nyman) Formánek; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 34. 300 (1896)
subspecies :
subsp. grisebachii
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; N-Greece
13 ALB GRC KOS NMA SRB
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Maculosae, triniifolia agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta grisebachii (Nyman) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 303 (1977)
= Centaurea graeca subsp. grisebachii Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 427 (1879)
= Centaurea paniculata var. macedonica Griseb.; non C. macedonica Boiss.
subspecies :
subsp. confusa
(Halácsy) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 198 (1976)
Distribution: N-Greece
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea confusa Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 596 (1898)
subspecies :
subsp. occidentalis
E.Gamal-Eldin & Wagenitz; Mountain Fl. Greece [Strid] 2: 500 (1991)
Distribution: NW-Greece
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea macedonica Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 595 (1898)
subspecies :
subsp. transiens
(Halácsy) T.Georgiadis; Contr. Phylogén. Centaurea L. (sect. Acrolophus (Cass.) DC.) en Grèce 47 (1980)
Distribution: N-Greece (Mt. Olimbos)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta transiens (Halácsy) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 (1974)
= Centaurea transiens Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 587 (1898)
species :
Centaurea gubanovii
Kamelin; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol., 88(6): 86 (1983)
Distribution: Afghanistan
34 AFG
species :
Centaurea gudrunensis
Boiss. & Hausskn.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 673 (1875)
Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq)
34 IRQ
species :
Centaurea gulissashvilii
Dumbadze; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Armyanskoi S.S.R. 5(2): 49 (1946)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Turkey
33 ARM GEO 34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea, ovina agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ovina subsp. gulissaschvilii (Dumbadze) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 85(3): 119 (2000)
species :
Centaurea gussonei
Raimondo & Spadaro; Bocconea 20: 10, 394 (2007), nom. nov.
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea dissecta var. tomentosa (Guss.) Fiori; Fiori et al., Fl. Anal. Italia 3: 336 (1904)
= Centaurea parlatoris var. tomentosa Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Syn. 2(1): 510 (1844)
species :
Centaurea gymnocarpa
Moris & De Not.; Fl. Insul. Caprar. 76, t. 2 (1839)
Distribution: Italy (Capraia Isl.)
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Pannophyllum
Conservation Status: IUCN CR, known only from few populations
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea cineraria var. gymnocarpa (Moris & De Not) Fiori
= Centaurea dealbata Moris ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 425 (1879), pro syn.
= Centaurea gymnocarpa var. plumosa E.Vilm.; Fl. Pleine Terre, éd. 3: 245 (1870)
species :
Centaurea hadacii
Wagenitz; Kew Bull. 40: 793, f. 1 (1985)
Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq)
34 IRQ
species :
Centaurea haenseleri
(Boiss.) Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Midi Esp. 2: 349 (1840)
Distribution: S-Spain (Sierra Bermeja)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Subsect. Lagascanae
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea acaulis Haens. ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 151 (1865)
= Centaurea acaulis var. haenseleri Boiss.; Elench. Pl. Nov. 61 (1838)
= Centaurea haenseleri (Boiss.) Boiss. & Reut.; Pugill. Pl. Nov. 67 (1852)
= Centaurea saxicola var. haenseleri (Boiss.) Pau; Mem. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Ser. Bot. 1(1): 52 (1922)
= Centaurea toletana subsp. haenseleri (Boiss.) Rivas Goday; Veg. Fl. Guadiana 666 (1964), nom. inval.
= Colymbada haenseleri (Boiss.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 304 (1977)
species :
Centaurea hakkariensis
Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 224 (1974)
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea halophila
Hub.-Mor.; Bauhinia 3: 318, t. 22 (1967)
Distribution: Turkey (Central Anatolia, Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea haluntina
Gianguzzi, Di Grist., Barone & Domina; Phytotaxa 646(2): 177 (2024)
Distribution: Sicily (Nebrodi Mts.)
13 SIC
Remarks: busambarensis agg.
species :
Centaurea handelii
Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 182, t. 4/7 (1963)
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Syria (Jazira)
34 IRQ SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Phaeopappus haussknechtii Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 599 (1875) (non C. haussknechtii Boiss. (1875))
= Tomanthea haussknechtii (Boiss.) Takht.; Trud. Molod. Uchen. Armyan. Fil. Akad. Nauk USSR, 243 (1939)
species :
Centaurea hanryi
Jord.; Obs. Pl. Crit. 5: 70 (1847)
subspecies :
subsp. hanryi
Distribution: NE-Spain; S-France
12 FRA SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Paniculatae
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta coerulescens (Willd.) Holub; Preslia 46 (3). 226 (1974)
= Acosta hanryi (Jord.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
= Acosta isernii (Willk.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
= Centaurea bubanii Timb.-Lagr.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Toul. Ser. 8(1): II. 187 (1879)
= Centaurea cadevallii Pau; Butll. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 6: 46 (1906)
= Centaurea caerulescens subsp. hanryi (Jord.) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 6: 43 (1923)
= Centaurea hanryi subsp. isernii (Willk.) Smythies; Englera 3(1): 138 (1984), et Englera 3(3): 880 (1986)
= Centaurea hanryi subsp. spinabadia (Bubani ex Timb.-Lagr.) Smythies; Englera 3(1): 139 (1984), without direct basionym ref., et 3(3): 880 (1986)
= Centaurea isernii Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 155 (1865)
= Centaurea limbata subsp. hanryi (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 428 (1879)
= Centaurea micrantha var. catalaunica Pau ex Cadevall; Mem. Real Acad. Ci. Barcelona 6: 436 (1908)
= Centaurea paniculata Lag. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 583 (1838), nom. inval.
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. caerulescens Rouy; Rev. Bot. Syst. Géogr. Bot. 2: 158 (1904)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. hanryi (Jord.) Rouy; Rev. Bot. Syst. Géogr. Bot. 2: 146 (1904)
= Centaurea rigens Lag.; Gen. Sp. Pl. 32 (1816)
= Centaurea spinabadia Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 2: 160 (1899) ex Timb.-Lagr., Mém. Acad. Sci. Toulouse, Ser. 8, 1(2): 187 (1879)
= Centaurea spinabadia subsp. hanryi (Jord.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 199 (1976)
= Centaurea spinabadia subsp. isernii (Willk.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 199 (1976)
subspecies :
subsp. shuttleworthii
(Rouy) Kerguélen; Index Synonym. Fl. France (Coll. Patrim. Nat., 8): xii (1993)
Distribution: SE-France (foothills of L´Esterel)
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. shuttleworthii Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 155 (1905)
= Centaurea shuttleworthii Rouy; Rev. Bot. Syst. Geogr. Bot. 2: 147 (1904)
= Centaurea spinabadia subsp. shuttleworthii (Rouy) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 198 (1975 publ. 1976)
species :
Centaurea haradjianii
Wagenitz; Willdenowia 2: 479, f. 3 (1961)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea haussknechtii
Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 670 (1875)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea haynaldiiformis
Prodan; Anal. Acad. Rep. Pop. Románe 3(18): 691 (1950)
Distribution: W-Romania (Arad region)
13 ROM
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis
species :
Centaurea hekimhanensis
Sirin & Yildirim; Bot. Serbica 45(1): 14 (2021)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus hekimhanensis (Sirin & Yildirim) Negaresh; Phytotaxa 531(1): 25 (2022)
species :
Centaurea heldreichii
Halácsy; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 61: 315 (1894)
Distribution: W-Greece (S-Epirus)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. heldreichii (Halácsy) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 205 (1976)
species :
Centaurea helenioides
Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 633 (1875)
Distribution: Turkey (NE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Grossheimia helenioides (Boiss. & Hausskn.) Sosn. & Takht.; Proc. Acad. Sci. Armen. SSR 3: No. 1, 24 (1945)
= Phaeopappus helenioides Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 633 (1875)
species :
Centaurea hellwigii
Ranjbar & Negaresh; Phytotaxa 123(1): 17 (2013), nom. nov.
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa araneosa (Boiss.) Holub; Preslia 45: 143 (1973)
= Centaurea araneosa Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 121 (1849)
= Centaurea spectabilis var. araneosa (Boiss.) Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 178 (1963)
= Phaeopappus araneosus (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 598 (1875) non Centaurea araneosa Boiss.
= Tomanthea araneosa (Boiss.) Takht.; Trudy Armyansk. Fil. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. Biol. 1939: 241 (1939)
species :
Centaurea heratensis
Rech.f. & Köie; K. Danske Vid. Selsk., Biol. Skrift. 8: No. 2 (Symb. Afgh. II.) 183 (1955)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Farah, Ghorat, Herat)
34 AFG
Synonyms: hidden
= Tomanthea heratensis (Rech.f. & Köie) Soják; Novit. Bot. Del. Sem. Horti Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag. 48 (1962)
species :
Centaurea hermannii
F.Herm.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Bulg. 4: 27, f. 1 (1931)
Distribution: European Turkey; Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)
13 TUE 34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Seridia
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea sisymbriifolia Arènes; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 30: 210 (1958)
species :
Centaurea heterocarpa
Boiss. & Gaill.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 680 (1875)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon)
34 LEB
species :
Centaurea heywoodiana
Raimondo, Spadaro & Di Grist.; Fl. Medit. 30: 370, fig. 1 (2020)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Centaurea hierapolitana
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 4: 15 (1844)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea hohenackeri
Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 29: (1856) II. 395
Distribution: Azerbaijan
33 AZE
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea, ovina agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ovina subsp. hohenackeri (Steven) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 85(3): 119 (2000)
= Centaurea hohenackeriana Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 8: 493 (1883)
species :
Centaurea hololeuca
Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 694 (1875)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria
34 LEB SYR
species :
Centaurea horrida
Badarò; Gior. Fis. (Brugnat.) ser.2 7: 363 (1824)
Distribution: Sardinia (Asinara Isl., Tavolara Isl.)
12 SAR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Horridae
species :
Centaurea huljakii
H.Wagner; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 38: 287 (1935)
Distribution: N-Greece (Mt. Athos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis
species :
Centaurea hyalolepis
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 6: 133 (1846)
subspecies :
subsp. hyalolepis
Name: Glasschuppige Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: England [I]; Belgium [I]; Germany [I]; Spain [I]; France [I]; Italy [I]; Sicily [I]; Malta [I]; Morocco; Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (S-Iran, W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, N-Negev Desert, Judean Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (N-Saudi Arabia, Asir); Yemen (coastal Hadhramaut, Inner Hadhramaut, N-Inner Yemen)
10 grb 11 bgm ger 12 fra spa 13 ita mlt sic 20 MOR 34 CYP IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 35 SAU YEM
Remarks: Subgen. Calcitrapa
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa hyalolepis (Boiss.) Holub; Preslia 46: 227 (1974)
= Centaurea pallescens f. hyalolepis (Boiss.) Gugler; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Natl. Hung. 6: 209 (1908)
= Centaurea pallescens subsp. hyalolepis (Boiss.) Holmboe; Bergens Mus. Skr., Ser. 2, 1: 190 (1914)
= Centaurea pallescens var. hyalolepis (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 691 (1875)
variant :
var. brevispina
Plitmann; Israel J. Bot. 22(1): 50 (1973)
Distribution: Israel; Jordania
34 ISR JOR
subspecies :
subsp. negevensis
Plitmann; Israel J. Bot. 22(1): 50 (1973)
Distribution: Israel
34 ISR
species :
Centaurea hymettia
Kit Tan, Zograf. & Bancheva; Phytol. Balcan. 20(1): 58 (2014)
Distribution: Greece (Attiki: Mt. Imittos)
13 GRC
Remarks: related to C. laureotica
species :
Centaurea hyrcanica
Bornm.; Bull. Herb. Boiss., Ser. 2, 7: 425 (1907)
Distribution: Azerbaijan (Talysh); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)
33 AZE 34 IRN
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea hyrcana Grossh.; Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Sada, Ser. 2, 1: 42 (1920)
= Centaurea trichocephala var. latifolia Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Ind. Sem. Horti Petrop. 8: 54 (1841)
= Jacea hyrcanica (Bornm.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 145 (1973)
species :
Centaurea hyssopifolia
Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 1: 75 (1790)
Distribution: C- & E-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Lepteranthus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea linifolia Lam.; Encyc. 1: 667 (1783)
= Centaurea punctata Dufour; Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 23: 159 (1831)
= Jacea hyssopifolia (Vahl) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 229 (1974)
species :
Centaurea iberica
Trevis. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 406 (1826)
subspecies :
subsp. iberica
Name: Iberische Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; France [I]; Italy [I]; Sicily [I]; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Lithuania [I]; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); East Aegaean Isl. (Kos, Rhodos); Turkey (Central Anatolia, E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Badghys, Baghlan, Balkh, Bamyan, Faryab, Ghazni, Helmand, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Wardak, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Qunduz, Takhar); Cyprus (C-Mountains); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (Jazira, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania); China (Xinjiang); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Hazara, Pakistani Punjab, Murree, Waziristan, Kurram, N. W. Frontier Prov., Peshawar, Chitral, Swat, Gilgit); NW-India (Poonch, Jammu & Kashmir); USA [I] (California [I], Kansas [I], Oregon [I], Washington [I], Wyoming [I]); Argentina [I]
11 ger 12 fra 13 BIH BUL ita KOS MNT ROM sic SRB TUE 14 BLR est KRY lat lit MLD RUS UKR 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 36 CHI 40 IND PAK 73 usa 74 usa 76 usa 85 arg
Remarks: Subgen. Calcitrapa
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa iberica (Trevis. ex Spreng.) Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 409 (1866)
= Centaurea aegyptiaca Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. t.907 (1840)
= Centaurea calcitrapa M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 3: 594 (1819)
= Centaurea calcitrapoides DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 597 (1838)
= Centaurea iberica var. brevispina Freyn & Sint.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 44: 259 (1894)
= Centaurea macracantha Heldr.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 690 (1875)
= Centaurea noeana Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 84 (1856)
= Centaurea pallescens var. iberica (Trevir. ex Spreng.) Gugler & Thell.; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Natl. Hung. 6: 209 (1908)
= Leucantha iberica (Trevis. ex Spreng.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114(1): 44 (1961)
variant :
var. mesocentroides
Plitmann; Israel J. Bot. 22(1): 49 (1973)
Distribution: Israel
34 ISR
subspecies :
subsp. hermonis
(Boiss.) Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 31(2): 233 (1914)
Distribution: Lebanon; Syria
34 LEB SYR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea hermonis Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 122 (1849)
subspecies :
subsp. holzmanniana
(Boiss.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 203 (1976)
Distribution: Greece (scattered on mainland)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea holzmanniana Heldr.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] Suppl. 316 (1888), pro syn.
= Centaurea iberica var. holzmanniana Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] Suppl. 316 (1888)
subspecies :
subsp. meryonis
(DC.) Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 31(2): 233 (1914)
Distribution: Lebanon; Syria
34 LEB SYR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea meryonis DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 598 (1838)
species :
Centaurea ibn-tattoui
Chamboul.; Phytotaxa 174(3): 157 (2014)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
species :
Centaurea idaea
Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 2(10): 119 (1849)
Distribution: Crete (widespread)
13 KRI
Remarks: Subgen. Solstitiaria
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa idaea (Boiss. & Heldr.) Soják; Cas. Nar Muz. (Prague), 140(3-4) 133 (1972)
species :
Centaurea ilvensis
(Sommier) Arrigoni; Parlatorea 6: 76 (2003)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea dissecta var. ilvensis Sommier; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 9: 329 (1902)
species :
Centaurea immanuelis-loewii
Degen; Magyar Bot. Lapok 16: 117 (1917)
Distribution: Bulgaria; NE-Greece
13 BUL GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Orientales
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada immanuelis-loewii (Degen) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 228 (1974)
species :
Centaurea imperialis
Hausskn. ex Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 20 2: 168 (1906)
Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)
34 IRN IRQ
Synonyms: hidden
= Leucacantha imperialis Nieuwl. & Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 5: 71 (1917)
species :
Centaurea incompleta
Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 583 (1898)
Distribution: NC-Greece (Mt. Olimpos)
13 GRC
species :
Centaurea incompta
Vis.; Fl. Dalmat. 2: 38 (1847)
Distribution: Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro
13 BIH CRO MNT
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Arenariae
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta incompta (Vis.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
species :
Centaurea indistincta
(Wagenitz) Ranjbar & Negaresh; Phytotaxa 123(1): 20 (2013)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea aucheri subsp. indistincta Wagenitz; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 139b: 361 (1980)
species :
Centaurea indurata
Janka; Flora (Regensburg) 41: 444 (1858)
Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; Ukraine
11 HUN SLO 13 BUL NMA ROM 14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea phrygia subsp. indurata (Janka) Stoj. & Acht.; Stud. Centaur. Bulg. 71 (1935)
= Jacea indurata (Janka) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
species :
Centaurea inermis
Velen.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 52: 154 (1902)
Distribution: Bulgaria; European Turkey; Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)
13 BUL TUE 34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
species :
Centaurea inexpectata
Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 219 (1974)
Distribution: Turkey (N-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Jacea inexpectata (Wagenitz) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 11(1): 83 (1976)
species :
Centaurea inexpugnabilis
P.P.Ferrer, Mansanet-Salvador & R.Roselló; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 35(e006): 3 (2017)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
species :
Centaurea infestans
Durand; Duch. Rev. Bot. 2: 430 (1847)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG MOR
species :
Centaurea integrans
(Fiori) Naggi ex Prain; Index Kew., Suppl. 3: 38 (1908)
Distribution: N-Italy (Liguria)
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea paniculata subvar. integrans Fiori; Fl. Italia 4(1): 188 (1907)
species :
Centaurea intricata
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 6: 130 (1846)
Distribution: Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (S-Iran, W-Iran)
34 IRN IRQ
species :
Centaurea involucrata
Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 2: 295 (1799)
Distribution: SE-Spain (Almeria); France; Morocco; Algeria
12 FRA SPA 20 ALG MOR
Remarks: Subgen. Melanoloma
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea pullata subsp. involucrata (Desf.) Talavera; Lagascalia 12(2): 273 (1984)
= Jacea involucrata Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 54 (1779)
species :
Centaurea ionica
Brullo; Fl. Aspromonte 47 (2001)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Centaurea ipecensis
Rech.f.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 38: 342 (1935)
Distribution: Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania
13 ALB KOS MNT SRB
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. ipecensis (Rech.f.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 205 (1976)
= Centaurea splendens var. ipecensis (Rech.f.) Gajic; Fl. Srbije 7: 255 (1975)
species :
Centaurea ipsaria
Stoj. & Kitan.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Bulg. 9: 102 (1943)
Distribution: NE-Greece (Thasos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea thasia Hayek; Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balcan. 2: 762 (1931), nom. nud. (lack of type, fragmentary description)
species :
Centaurea iranshahrii
Wagenitz & Esfand.; Willdenowia 13: 137, f. 1 (1983)
Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea elymaitica Mozaff.; Iran. J. Bot. 12: 109 (2006)
species :
Centaurea irritans
Wagenitz; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 139b: 390, t. 358 (1980)
Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (W-Iran)
34 IRN IRQ
variant :
var. longispinosa
Montaz.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 163(1): 100 (2010)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea isaurica
Hub.-Mor.; Bauhinia 3: 323, t. 30 (1967)
Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea isiliae
H.Duman, Uzunh. & Bahadir; Nordic J. Bot. 39(10)-e03244: 2 (2021)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea ispahanica
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 6: 133 (1846)
subspecies :
subsp. ispahanica
Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, S-Iran, SW-Iran)
34 IRN
subspecies :
subsp. macrocarpa
(Boiss.) Negaresh; Phytotaxa 174(1): 48 (2014)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea macrocarpa Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 677 (1875)
subspecies :
subsp. sirjanensis
Negaresh; Phytotaxa 174(1): 50 (2014)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea jacea
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 914 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. jacea
Name: Gewöhnliche Wiesen-Flockenblume (DE), Brown knapweed (EN)
Distribution: England; Northern Ireland; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; S-European Russia; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia (incl. Kaliningrad region); Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk [I], W-Siberia); Russian Far East [I] (Kuril Isl. [I], Primorye [I]); Tajikistan [I]; Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey (NE-Anatolia); Australia [I] (Queensland [I], South Australia [I], Victoria [I]); Greenland [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], New Brunswick [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (California [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Kentucky [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Montana [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I]); Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Araucanía [I])
10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 CIS COR FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 rfe 32 tzk 33 GEO 34 TUR 50 aus 70 gnl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa 85 arg cle
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Jacea. There are many taxa with uncertain status in the group which are variously treated as species, subspecies or synonyms. The assignment of the synonyms is quite uncertain.
Synonyms: hidden
= Behen jacea (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. 68 (1768)
= Calcitrapa jacea (L.) Peterm.; Fl. Bienitz, 48 (1841)
= Calcitrapa pratensis Peterm.; Fl. Bienitz 49 (1841)
= Centaurea amara L.; Sp. Pl., ed. 2 [Linnaeus] 1292 (1763)
= Centaurea consimilis Boreau; Fl. Centre Fr. ed. 3(2): 351 (1857)
= Centaurea croatica (Hayek) Soest; Ned. Kruidk. Arch., Versl. 54: 83 (1947)
= Centaurea decumbens Dubois; Fl. Orl. ex Pers. Syn. 485
= Centaurea flavicans Vuk.; Rad Jugos. Akad. Zagreb. 58: 149 (1881)
= Centaurea gracilior Reut. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 421 (1879)
= Centaurea gracilis Boreau ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 421 (1879)
= Centaurea hastata Gugler; Centaur. Ungar. (Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungar. vi.) 261 (1907)
= Centaurea humifusa Gueldenst. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 2: 696 (1846)
= Centaurea jacea subvar. canescens Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 5: 406 (1829)
= Centaurea jacea subvar. paludosa Hayek; 206 (1919)
= Centaurea jacea subvar. pygmaea (Asch.) Hayek; 206 (1919)
= Centaurea jacea f. alvarensis J.Erikson; Bot. Not. 1901: 202 (1901)
= Centaurea jacea f. cuculligera (Rchb.) Hayek; 205 (1919)
= Centaurea jacea f. humilis (Schrank) Vollm.; Fl. Bayern 763 (1914)
= Centaurea jacea f. jungens (Gugler) Hayek; 205 (1919)
= Centaurea jacea f. lacera (W.D.J.Koch) Hayek; 205 (1919)
= Centaurea jacea f. monocephala Glaab; 22 (1894)
= Centaurea jacea f. schrankii Glaab; 22 (1894)
= Centaurea jacea f. scopulicola Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 122 (1905)
= Centaurea jacea f. tomentosa (Asch.) Vollm.; Fl. Bayern 763 (1914)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. elata (Rchb.) Schübl. & G.Martens; 547 (1834)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. iungens Gugler; 406 (1904)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. matura E.H.L.Krause; 40 (1906), nom. inval.
= Centaurea jacea subsp. nana (Gaudin) Schübl. & G.Martens; 547 (1834)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. vulgaris Celak.; 250 (1871)
= Centaurea jacea var. amara (L.) Boenn.; Prodr. Fl. Monast. Westphal. 261 (1824)
= Centaurea jacea var. argyrocoma Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 486 (1822)
= Centaurea jacea var. cadevallii Font Quer ex O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17: 92 (1988)
= Centaurea jacea var. communis J.J.Schmitz & Regel; 274 (1841), nom. inval.
= Centaurea jacea var. crispofimbriata W.D.J.Koch; 469 (1844)
= Centaurea jacea var. croatica Hayek
= Centaurea jacea var. cuculligera Rchb.; 213 (1832)
= Centaurea jacea var. elata Klett & Richt.; 714 (1830)
= Centaurea jacea var. humilis (Schrank) T.Marsson; 264 (1869)
= Centaurea jacea var. monocephala Wirtg.; 262 (1857)
= Centaurea jacea var. nana Gaudin; 406 (1829)
= Centaurea jacea var. parvifolia Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 5: 405 (1829)
= Centaurea jacea var. phaeocoma Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 486 (1822)
= Centaurea jacea var. pygmaea Glaab; 79 (1893)
= Centaurea jacea var. subacaulis Prantl; 12 (1873)
= Centaurea jacea var. uniflora Wirtg.; 109 (1841)
= Centaurea jacea var. vulgaris W.D.J.Koch; 469 (1844)
= Centaurea lacera Simonk.; Enum. Fl. Transsilv. 345 (1886)
= Centaurea livoniana Weinm.; Bot. Gart. Dorpat 38 (1810)
= Centaurea majuscula (Rouy) Soest; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 54: 101 (1947)
= Centaurea media Gugler; Centaur. Ungar. (Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungar. vi.) 261 (1907)
= Centaurea mollis Schleich.; Cat. Pl. Helv., ed. 4: 12 (1821)
= Centaurea nana Chesn. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 320, 318 (1840)
= Centaurea nemophila Jord. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 421 (1879)
= Centaurea nigrescens Gren. & Godr.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 241 (1779)
= Centaurea pratensis (Lam.) Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 208 (1796)
= Centaurea pygmaea Chesn. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 571 (1838)
= Centaurea scopulicola (Rouy) Soest; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 54: 77 (1947)
= Centaurea simplex Murr. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 322 (1840), nom. inval.
= Centaurea syrmiensis Gugler; Centaur. Ungar. (Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungar. vi.) 261 (1907)
= Centaurea viretorum Jord. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 421 (1879)
= Centaurea vulgaris (W.D.J.Koch) Simonk.; 345 (1887)
= Centaurea vulgaris subsp. lacera (W.D.J.Koch) Simonk.; 345 (1887)
= Centaurea vulgaris var. jacea (L.) Godr.; Fl. Lorraine 2: 53 (1843)
= Cyanus jacea (L.) G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.; Oekon. Fl. Wetterau 3(1): 172 (1801)
= Jacea alba Delarbre; Fl. Auv. ed. 2, 202 (1800)
= Jacea amara (L.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 43 (1961)
= Jacea communis Delarbre; Fl. Auv. ed. 2, 201 (1800)
= Jacea decumbens Delarbre; Fl. Auv. ed. 2, 201 (1800)
= Jacea pratensis Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 54, Cass. in Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 24: 89 (1779)
= Jacea supina Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 53 (1779)
= Jacea tomentosa Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 193 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Rhaponticum jacea (L.) Moench; 562 (1794)
= Rhaponticum jacea (L.) Scop.; Fl. Carniol. ed. 2, 2: 136 (1771)
= Setachna amara (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 518 (1867)
= Setachna fimbriata Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 519 (1867)
subspecies :
subsp. banatica
Hayek; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 68: 203 (1918)
Distribution: Hungary; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria
11 HUN 13 BIH BUL CRO KOS NMA ROM SRB
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea banatica Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: 701 (1901), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea jacea var. rocheliana Heuff.
= Centaurea rocheliana (Heuff.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 205 (1976)
= Jacea banatica (Rochel ex Rchb.) Soják; Cas. Nar Muz. (Prague), 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. forojulensis
(Poldini) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea forojulensis Poldini; Giorn. Bot. Ital. 111(6): 303 (1977)
subspecies :
subsp. gaudinii
(Boiss. & Reut.) Gremli; Excursionsfl. Schweiz, Ed. 2: 248 (1874)
Distribution: Switzerland; Austria; France; Italy; Sicily; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Morocco; Algeria; ?Tunisia
11 AUT SWI 12 FRA 13 CRO ITA SIC SLV SMA 20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea amara subsp. bracteata (Scop.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. 388 (1882)
= Centaurea amara subsp. gaudinii (Boiss. & Reut.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. 388 (1882)
= Centaurea amara var. bracteata (Scop.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 570 (1838)
= Centaurea bracteata Scop.; Delic. Fl. Insubr. 2: 17 (1786)
= Centaurea gaudinii Boiss. & Reut.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 70 (1856)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. bracteata (Scop.) Hayek
= Centaurea jacea var. bracteata (Scop.) Briq. & Cavill.; Burnat, Fl. Alpes Marit. 7: 104 (1931)
= Centaurea saxatilis subsp. gaudinii (Boiss. & Reut.) Lovric; Rapp. Commiss. Int. Mer Médit. 23(6): 37 (1976)
= Jacea bracteata (Scop.) Soják; Cas. Nar Muz. (Prague), 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
= Jacea gaudinii (Boiss. & Reut.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 145 (1973)
= Jacea pratensis subsp. gaudinii (Boiss.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Preslia 46(2): 135 (1974)
subspecies :
subsp. haynaldii
(Hayek) Hayek; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 68: 204 (1918)
Distribution: Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Albania
13 ALB BIH CRO
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea haynaldii Borbás ex Vuk.; Rad Jugoslav. Akad. Znan. 58: 149 (1881)
= Centaurea haynaldii Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: 696 (1901)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. haynaldii (Borbás ex Vuk.) Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: (Cent.-Art. Österr.-Ung. 112) 696 (1901)
= Jacea haynaldii (Hayek) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 145 (1973)
= Jacea pratensis subsp. haynaldii (Borbás ex Vuk.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Preslia 46(2): 135 (1974)
subspecies :
subsp. julica
(Hayek) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
Distribution: NE-Italy; Slovenia
13 ITA SLV
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea haynaldii subsp. julica (Hayek) E.Mayer; Lazar, Ad Annum Horti Bot. Labac. Solemn. 150: 39 (1960)
= Centaurea haynaldii var. julica Hayek; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 68: 204 (1918)
= Centaurea julica (Hayek) Soest; Ned. Kruidk. Arch., Versl. 54: 81 (1947)
subspecies :
subsp. substituta
(Czerep.) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 84(9): 105 (1999)
Distribution: Germany [I]; S-European Russia; C-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]
11 ger 14 KRY MLD RUS UKR 33 GEO NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea pannonica subsp. substituta (Czerep.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 206 (1976)
= Centaurea substituta Czerep.; Fl. URSS 28: 448, 612 (1963)
= Jacea substituta (Czerep.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 133 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. vinyalsii
(Sennen) O.Bolòs, Nuet & Panareda; Patrim. Biol. Montseny 76 (1986)
Distribution: NE-Spain; Andorra; S-France
12 ADO FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea jacea var. godeti Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 120 (1905)
= Centaurea jacea var. vinyalsii (Sennen) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 92 (1987 publ. 1988)
= Centaurea vinyalsii Sennen; Brotéria (Bot.) 23: 88 (1927)
subspecies :
subsp. weldeniana
(Rchb.) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
Distribution: Italy; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Greece (N- & C-Greece)
13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT SRB
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea amara subsp. weldeniana (Rchb.) Kusan; Prir. Istr. Kral. Jugoslavije 20: 29 (1936)
= Centaurea jacea var. weldeniana (Rchb.) Briq.; Monogr. Centaurées Alpes Marit. 69 (1902)
= Centaurea weldeniana Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 213 (1831), et Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H. G. L. Reichenbach] 15: 12, t. 753 (1852)
= Centaurea weldeniana var. balcanica Hayek
= Jacea weldeniana (Rchb.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 229 (1974)
species :
Centaurea jaennensis
Degen & Debeaux; Magyar Bot. Lapok 5: 8 (1906)
Distribution: SE-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta jaennensis (Degen & Debeaux) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 22 (1982)
= Centaurea boissieri subsp. jaennensis (Degen & Debeaux) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 202 (1976)
= Centaurea gienensis Degen & Debeaux; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot., Sér. 3, 17: 50 (1907)
species :
Centaurea janeri
Graells; Mem. Real Acad. Ci. Exact. Madrid 2: 466 (1859)
subspecies :
subsp. janeri
Distribution: WC-Spain (Sierra de Avila, Sa. de Gredos)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Lepteranthus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea iserniana Graells ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 162 (1865)
= Jacea janeri (Graells) M.Laínz; Fontqueria 3: 39 (1983)
= Mantisalca duriaei var. iserniana (J.Gay & Webb ex Graells) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Fl. Països Catalans 3: 912 (1995)
= Mantisalca salmantica var. iserniana (J.Gay & Webb ex Graells) Ladero, F.Navarro & C.J.Valle; Stud. Bot. 3: 266 (1984)
= Microlonchus isernianus J.Gay & Webb ex Graells; Mém. Acad. Cienc. Madr. 2: 466 (1859)
subspecies :
subsp. babiana
M.Laínz; Bol. Inst. Estud. Astur., Suppl. Cienc., 22(Aport. Conoc. Fl. Catanbro -Astur,xi.): 36 (1976)
Distribution: N-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Jacea janeri subsp. babiana (M.Laínz) M.Laínz; Fontqueria 3: 39 (1983)
species :
Centaurea jankae
Brândzã; Anal. Acad. Romane, Ser. 2, 4: 446 (1884)
Distribution: SE-Romania; Bulgaria
13 BUL ROM
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Hyaleoloma
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada jankae (Brândzã) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
species :
Centaurea jankeana
Simonk.; Természetrajzi Füz. 1: 168 (1877)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Romania
13 KOS ROM SRB
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
species :
Centaurea japygica
(Lacaita) Brullo; Braun-Blanquetia 2: 32 (1988)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea diomedea var. japygica Lacaita; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 32: 104 (1925)
species :
Centaurea jeffreyana
Mesfin; Kew Bull. 47(4): 737 (1992)
Distribution: Eritrea
24 ERI
species :
Centaurea jiroftensis
(Ranjbar & Negaresh) Ranjbar & Heydari; Phytotaxa 277(2): 183 (2016)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea phaeopappa subsp. jiroftensis Ranjbar & Negaresh; Phytotaxa 123(1): 29 (2013)
species :
Centaurea joharchii
Ranjbar & Negaresh; Turk. J. Bot. 38(5): 977 (2014)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea johnseniana
Strid & Kit Tan; Phytol. Balcan. 9: 476 (2003)
Distribution: N-Greece (mountains near border)
13 GRC
species :
Centaurea jordaniana
Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 245 (1850)
subspecies :
subsp. jordaniana
Distribution: SE-France (SE of Villars, Alpes Maritimes)
12 FRA
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Lepteranthus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea balbisiana subsp. jordaniana (Godr.) Kerguélen; Index Synonym. Fl. France (Coll. Patrim. Nat., 8): xii (1993)
= Centaurea procumbens Jord.; Obs. 5: 57
= Centaurea procumbens subsp. jordaniana (Godr.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 131 (1905)
= Centaurea procumbens var. jordaniana (Godr.) Gugler; Cent. Ung. Nationalmus. 99 (1907)
= Jacea jordaniana (Gren. & Godr.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 145 (1973)
subspecies :
subsp. aemilii
(Briq.) Kerguélen; ERICA (France) 10: 11 (1998)
Distribution: SE-France (SE of Villars, Alpes Maritimes)
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea aemilii Briq.; Monogr. Centaur. Alp. Marit. 91 (1902)
= Centaurea balbisiana subsp. aemilii (Briq.) Kerguélen; Index Synonym. Fl. France (Coll. Patrim. Nat., 8): xii (1993)
= Centaurea procumbens proles aemilii (Briq.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 131 (1905)
= Centaurea procumbens subsp. aemilii (Briq.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 208 (1976)
= Centaurea procumbens var. aemilii (Briq.) Briq. & Cavill.; Burnat, Fl. Alpes Marit. 7: 123 (1931)
= Centaurea procumbens var. aemilii P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 1019 (1940)
subspecies :
subsp. balbisiana
(Soldano) Kerguélen; ERICA (France) 10: 11 (1998)
Distribution: SE-France (N of Nice)
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea balbisiana Soldano; Atti Soc. It. Sci. Nat. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Milano, 127(3-4): 217 (1986), nom. nov.
= Centaurea procumbens Balb.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Turin, Sci. Phys. 16: 229 (1809), nom. illeg.
= Jacea procumbens (Balb.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 145 (1973)
subspecies :
subsp. verguinii
(Briq. & Cavill.) Kerguélen; ERICA (France) 10: 12 (1998)
Distribution: SE-France (Alpes Maritimes)
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea balbisiana subsp. verguinii (Briq. & Cavill.) Kerguélen; Index Synonym. Fl. France (Coll. Patrim. Nat., 8): xii (1993)
= Centaurea procumbens subsp. verguinii (Briq. & Cavill.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 208 (1976)
= Centaurea procumbens var. verguinii Briq. & Cavill.; Burnat, Fl. Alpes Marit. 7: 123 (1931)
= Centaurea verguinii (Briq. & Cavill.) Landolt; Fl. Indicativa 268 (2010)
species :
Centaurea josiae
Humbert; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 15: 231 (1924)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
species :
Centaurea jurineifolia
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 73 (1856)
Distribution: Romania; Bulgaria
13 BUL ROM
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta jurineifolia (Boiss.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972). as jurinifolia
= Centaurea provincialis Boiss. ex Lindem.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 55: (1880) II. 181
= Centaurea rutifolia subsp. jurineifolia (Boiss.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 425 (1879)
species :
Centaurea kabirkuhensis
Mozaff., F.Ghahrem. & Fereid.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien B 114: 133 (2012)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea procera Mozaff.; Iran. J. Bot. 16(2): 204 (2010), nom. illeg., homonym
species :
Centaurea kalambakensis
Freyn & Sint.; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 5: 784 (1897)
Distribution: NC-Greece (near Kalambaka)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Arenariae
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta kalambakensis (Freyn & Sint.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
species :
Centaurea kamalnejadii
Negaresh; Phytotaxa 363(1): 65 (2018)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea kamyaranensis
Ranjbar & Negaresh; Novon 23(3): 322 (2014)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea kandavanensis
Wagenitz; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 139b: 392, t. 359 (1980)
Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea kanitziana
Janka ex Brândzã; Anal. Acad. Roman. Ser. II. 4: 43 (1884)
Distribution: Poland; Italy; Romania; Bulgaria
11 POL 13 BUL ITA ROM
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta kanitziana (Brândzã) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
= Centaurea pseudotenuifolia Prodan; Centaur. Román. 158 (1930)
species :
Centaurea karajensis
Negaresh; Phytotaxa 663(3): 158 (2024)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea karamianiae
Negaresh; Phytotaxa 158(3): 228 (2014)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea kartschiana
Scop.; Fl. Carniol. ed. 2, 2: 140 (1771)
subspecies :
subsp. kartschiana
Distribution: NE-Italy; Croatia
13 CRO ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta kartschiana (Scop.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 134 (1972)
= Centaurea kartschiana f. troglodytes Lovric; Acta Bot. Croat. 30: 136 (1971)
= Centaurea kartschiana var. coronata Lovric; Acta Bot. Croat. 30: 136 (1971)
subspecies :
subsp. curictana
(Lovric) Lovric; Acta Bot. Croat. 30: 138 (1971)
Distribution: Croatia (island of Krk)
13 CRO
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea cristata subsp. curictana Lovric; Acta Bot. Croat. 26-27: 267 (1968)
subspecies :
subsp. lubenicensis
(Trinajstic & Zi.Pavletic) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
Distribution: Croatia
13 CRO
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea dalmatica subsp. lubenicensis Trinajstic & Pavletic; Nat. Croat. 8(1): 58 (1999)
species :
Centaurea karvandarensis
Rech.f.; Anz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 101: 430 (1964)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Remarks: status uncertain
species :
Centaurea kavadarensis
Micevski; Prilozi Oddel. Biol. Med. Nauki Makedonska Akad. Nauk Umet., 8(1-2): 49 (1987 publ. 1990)
Distribution: North Macedonia
13 NMA
species :
Centaurea kaynakiae
Daskin & Yilmaz; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 46: 474 (2009)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea kemulariae
Dumbadze; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Tphilis., Fasc. 16, 104 (1951)
Distribution: S-European Russia; Northern Caucasus
14 RUS 33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea kubanica Klokov; Fl. URSS 28: 518, 615 (1963)
= Centaurea micrantha subsp. kemulariae (Dumbadze) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 85(3): 118 (2000)
species :
Centaurea kermanshahensis
(Wagenitz) Ranjbar & Negaresh; Turk. J. Bot. 38(5): 980 (2014)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea intricata subsp. kermanshahensis Wagenitz; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 139b: 339 (1980)
species :
Centaurea kerneriana
Janka; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 22: 178 (1872)
subspecies :
subsp. kerneriana
Distribution: Bulgaria (Stara Planina, Rila Planina)
13 BUL
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Lepteranthus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea derventana Janka; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 21: (1871) 287 non Vis. & Pancic
= Centaurea nervosa Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 233 (1846), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea nigra Friv.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 630 (1875)
= Jacea kerneriana (Janka) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. gheorghieffii
(Halácsy) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 208 (1976)
Distribution: Bulgaria (Rila Planina)
13 BUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea gheorghieffii Halácsy; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 41: 222 (1891)
= Centaurea kernerana subsp. gheorghieffii (Halácsy) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 208 (1975 publ. 1976)
= Jacea gheorghieffii (Halácsy) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 304 (1977)
species :
Centaurea khosraviana
Negaresh; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 56(1-3): 115 (2018)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea kilaea
Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 643 (1875)
Distribution: European Turkey; Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)
13 TUE 34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Pannophyllum
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta kilaea (Boiss.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
species :
Centaurea kirikkalensis
Özbek; Nordic J. Bot. 39(7)-e03235: 2 (2021)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea kirmacii
Uysal & Armagan; Phytotaxa 362(2): 234 (2018)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea kizildaghensis
Uzunh.et al.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 152: 61 (2007)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea kochiana
(Holub) Greuter; Willdenowia 35(2): 227 (2005)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta kochiana Holub; Preslia 45(2): 142 (1973) (nom. nov.)
= Centaurea olympica Wagenitz; Willdenowia 6(3): 480 (1972), nom. illeg. non (DC.) Koch (1851)
species :
Centaurea koeieana
Bornm.; Köie, Beitr. Fl. S. W. Iran 1: 31 (1945)
subspecies :
subsp. koeieana
Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (W-Iran)
34 IRN IRQ
subspecies :
subsp. multicaulis
Negaresh; Nordic J. Bot. 33(3): 343 (2015)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea kofinasii
Kit Tan; Phytol. Balcan. 28(2): 265 (2022)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
species :
Centaurea konkae
Klokov; Trav. Inst. Bot., Univ. Kharkov, ed. Med. 1: 93, 100 (1936)
Distribution: SE-Ukraine (by east bank of R. Dnepr, above Zaporoz´e)
14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea margaritacea subsp. konkae (Klokov) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 204 (1976)
species :
Centaurea kosaninii
Hayek; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 64: 359 (1914)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania
13 ALB KOS NMA SRB
Remarks: Sect. Acroptilon
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada kosaninii (Hayek) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
species :
Centaurea kotschyana
Heuff. ex W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. ed. 2, 473 (1844)
Distribution: Poland; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; N-Greece (Mt. Tzena); Ukraine
11 POL 13 ALB BIH BUL GRC KOS MNT NMA ROM SRB 14 UKR
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Orientales
Synonyms: hidden
= Acrocentron kotschyanum (Heuff.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 44 (1961)
= Centaurea heerffelii Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H. G. L. Reichenbach] 15: 27, t. 801 (1852)
= Colymbada kotschyana (Heuff.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
species :
Centaurea kotschyi
(Boiss.) Hayek; Centaur. Exsicc. Crit. Fasc. 3, No. 140 (1921)
subspecies :
subsp. kotschyi
Distribution: Turkey (Central Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Iran (EC-Iran, W-Iran)
34 IRN TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Cheirolepis
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea macrolopha Fenzl; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 595 (1875)
= Chartolepis cappadocica Jaub. & Spach; Illustr. 3: 137, t. 291 (1847)
= Cheirolepis kotschyi Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 107 (1849)
= Phaeopappus kotschyi (Boiss. & Heldr.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 595 (1875)
subspecies :
subsp. floccosa
(Boiss.) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
Distribution: Turkey; Iran
34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea drabifolia subsp. floccosa (Boiss.) Wagenitz & Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
= Centaurea kotschyi var. floccosa (Boiss.) Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 170 (1963)
= Cheirolepis detonsa (Bornm.) Soják; Novit. Bot. Del. Sem. Horti Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag. 47 (1962)
= Cheirolepis floccosa (Boiss.) Czerep.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 20: 469 (1960)
= Phaeopappus floccosus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 595 (1875)
= Phaeopappus floccosus subsp. detonsus Bornm.
= Phaeopappus kotschyi var. floccosus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 595 (1875)
subspecies :
subsp. persica
(Boiss.) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (W-Iran)
33 ARM AZE 34 IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea candolleana Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 6: 127 (1846)
= Centaurea gaubae (Bornm.) Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 195 (1963)
= Centaurea kotschyi var. persica (Boiss.) Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 169 (1963)
= Cheirolepis kotschyi subsp. persica (Boiss.) Takht.; Takht. & Fed. Fl. Erevana 299 (1972)
= Cheirolepis persica Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 108 (1849)
= Hyalea persica (Boiss.) Jaub. & Spach; Illustr. 3: 23, t. 217 (1847)
= Hyalea stenophylla Jaub. & Spach; Illustr. 3: 22, t. 217 (1847)
= Microlonchus persicus (Boiss.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 563 (1838)
= Phaeopappus cheirolophus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 595 (1875)
= Phaeopappus gaubae Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 49: 262 (1940)
= Psephellus persicus (DC.) Wagenitz; Willdenowia 30(1): 41 (2000)
species :
Centaurea kozjakensis
Micevski; Pril. Makedon. Akad. Nauk Umetn., Oddel. Prir.-Mat. Nauki 10(1): 54 (1978)
Distribution: North Macedonia
13 NMA
species :
Centaurea kryloviana
Serg.; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. Kuybysheva 1949(1-2): 15 (1949)
Distribution: Kazakhstan
32 KAZ
species :
Centaurea kuhdashtensis
Ranjbar & S.Mohamadi; Phytotaxa 480(2): 132 (2021)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea kunkelii
N.Garcia; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 35(3): 165 (1998)
Distribution: SE-Spain (Sa. de Gador, Lujar)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Acrocentron
species :
Centaurea kurdica
Reichardt; Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 13: 1042 (1863)
subspecies :
subsp. kurdica
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
subspecies :
subsp. ciliata
Negaresh; Phytotaxa 363(1): 73 (2018)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea kusanii
Radic; Acta Biokovica 1: 139 (1981)
Distribution: Croatia
13 CRO
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Centaurea lacaitae
Peruzzi; Inform. Bot. Ital. 40(1): 114 (2008), nom. nov.
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea dissecta var. maritima Lacaita ex Fiori; Fiori et al., Fl. Anal. Italia 3: 335 (1904)
species :
Centaurea lacerata
(Hausskn.) Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 591 (1898)
Distribution: NW-Greece (Pindos)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea affinis subsp. lacerata (Hausskn.) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71: 197 (1976)
= Centaurea affinis var. lacerata Hausskn.; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Vereins N. F. 7: 43 (1895)
species :
Centaurea laconica
Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 660 (1875)
subspecies :
subsp. laconica
Distribution: S-Greece (Peloponnisos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Carduiformes
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea subarachnoidea Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 638 (1898)
= Colymbada laconica (Boiss.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. lineariloba
(Halácsy & Dörfl.) E.Gamal-Eldin & Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 107(1-4): 120 (1985)
Distribution: Greece (W-Kiklades: Andros, Kea, Kithnos, Serifos, Sifnos, Paros, Milos, Folegandros, Sikinos)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea guicciardii var. lineariloba Halácsy & Dörfl.
= Centaurea spruneri subsp. lineariloba (Halácsy & Dörfl.) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71: 195 (1976)
species :
Centaurea lactucifolia
Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 622 (1875)
Name: Lattichblättrige Flockenblume (DE); Lettuce-leaved Star-thistle (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos)
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea chorionensis Hoffm.-Grob. & Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, Sér. 2, 24: 221 (1931-1932 publ. 1933)
variant :
var. halkensis
(Fors.-Major & Barbey) Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33(3): 429 (1975)
Name: Chalki-Flockenblume (DE); Chalki Star-thistle (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos, Chalki)
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea halkensis Fors.-Major & Barbey.; Halki 4: t. 1 (1891)
species :
Centaurea lagascana
Graells; Mem. Real Acad. Ci. Exact. Madrid 2: 465 (1859)
Distribution: N- & NW-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Subsect. Lagascanae
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea acaulis Lag. ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 151 (1865)
= Centaurea graelsii Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 429 (1879)
= Centaurea lagascana f. livida Fern.Casas & Susanna; Treb. Inst. Bot. Barcelona 10: 99 (1985 publ. 1986)
= Colymbada lagascana (Graells) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 20 (1982)
species :
Centaurea lainzii
Fern.Casas; Exsicc. me distrib. 1: 9 (1975)
Distribution: S-Spain (Sa. Bermeja)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Acrocentron
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada lainzii (Fern.Casas) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 21 (1982)
species :
Centaurea lancifolia
Sieber ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 406 (1826)
Distribution: Crete (Lefka Ori, Mt. Dikti)
13 KRI
Remarks: Subgen. Wagenitzia
Synonyms: hidden
= Amberboa lancifolia DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 661 (1838)
= Chartolepis lancifolia Fenzl; Tchich. Asie Min. Bot. 2: 327 (1860)
= Wagenitzia lancifolia (Sieber ex Spreng.) Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 19: 76 (1973)
species :
Centaurea langei
Nyman; Suppl. Syll. Fl. Eur. 6 (1865)
subspecies :
subsp. langei
Distribution: Portugal; NW-Spain
12 POR SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta hoffmannseggii (Hayek) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
= Centaurea aristata subsp. langeana (Willk.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 199 (1976)
= Centaurea bourgaei Schult. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 426 (1879)
= Centaurea castellana subsp. micrantha (Hoffmanns. & Link) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 426 (1879)
= Centaurea divergens Lange; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1861: 87 (1861), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea gallica var. micrantha (Hoffmanns. & Link) Gugler; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Natl. Hung. 6: 158 (1907)
= Centaurea hoffmannseggii Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: 588 (1901)
= Centaurea hoffmanseggiana Lázaro Ibiza; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 29: 150 (1900), nom. superfl.
= Centaurea langeana Willk.; Willk. & Lange. Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 157 (1865), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea limbata proles venusta Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 13: 24 (1915), nom. inval.
= Centaurea limbata subvar. aggregata Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 13: 22 (1915)
= Centaurea limbata var. candidans Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 13: 24 (1915)
= Centaurea limbata var. melanosticta Lange; Pugill. Pl. Hispan. 136 (1861)
= Centaurea limbata var. microblepharis Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 13: 21 (1915)
= Centaurea limbata var. stenocephala Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 13: 22 (1915)
= Centaurea melanosticta (Lange) Franco; Nova Fl. Portugal 2: 478, 573 (1984)
= Centaurea micrantha f. arguta Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 13: 29 (1915)
= Centaurea micrantha Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 220 (1820 publ. 1828) non S. G. Gmel.
= Centaurea micrantha subsp. melanosticta (Lange) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 199 (1975 publ.1976)
= Centaurea micrantha var. fastigiata Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 13: 30 (1915)
= Centaurea micrantha var. laxa Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 13: 29 (1915)
= Centaurea micrantha var. squamomutica Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 1: 50 (1902)
= Centaurea paniculata proles melanosticta (Lange) Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 13: 21 (1915), nom. inval.
= Centaurea paniculata f. atra Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 13: 26 (1915)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. hoffmannseggii (Hayek) Arènes; Agron. Lusit. 11: 25 (1949), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. langeana Arènes; Agron. Lusit. 11: 21 (1949)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. micrantha (Hoffmanns. & Link) Cout.; Fl. Portugal 656 (1913)
= Centaurea paniculata var. congesta Merino; Fl. Galicia 2: 416 (1906), non Cariot
= Centaurea paniculata var. flexicaulis Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 13: 26 (1915)
= Centaurea paniculata var. hoffmansegiana (Lázaro Ibiza) Samp.; Lista Esp. Herb. Port. 137 (1913), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea paniculata var. melanosticta (Lange) Arènes; Agron. Lusit. 11: 27 (1949), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea paniculata var. melanosticta (Lange) Cout.; Fl. Portugal 657 (1913)
= Centaurea paniculata var. planifolia Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 13: 27 (1915)
= Centaurea xerolepida Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 1: 50 (1902)
subspecies :
subsp. coutinhoi
(Franco) E.López, Devesa & Arnelas; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 48(1): 8 (2011)
Distribution: Portugal; WC-Spain (Caceres)
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea coutinhoi Franco; Nova Fl. Portugal 2: 477, 572 (1984)
subspecies :
subsp. dominguezii
E.López, Devesa & Arnelas; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 48(1): 7 (-8; fig. 3) (2011)
Distribution: WC-Spain (Arribes del Duero)
12 SPA
subspecies :
subsp. exilis
(Arènes) E.López, Devesa & Arnelas; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 48(1): 8 (2011)
Distribution: Portugal; WC-Spain
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea aristata subsp. exilis (Arènes) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 199 (1976)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. exilis Arènes; Agron. Lusit. 11: 20, fig. 1-4 (1949)
subspecies :
subsp. geresensis
(Arènes) E.López, Devesa & Arnelas; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 48(1): 9 (2011)
Distribution: N-Portugal (Serra do Gerez); NW-Spain
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea aristata subsp. geresensis (Arènes) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 199 (1976)
= Centaurea limbata subsp. geresensis (Arènes) Franco; Nova Fl. Portugal 2: 476, 572 (1984)
= Centaurea paniculata f. straminea Arènes; Agron. Lusit. 11: 27 (1949)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. geresensis Arènes; Agron. Lusit. 11: 22 (1949)
subspecies :
subsp. kheilii
(Pau) E.López, Devesa & Arnelas; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 48(1): 9 (2011)
Distribution: WC-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea caerulescens var. kheilii Pau; Actas Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 1897: 200 (1897)
= Centaurea limbata f. elata Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 1: 49 (1902)
subspecies :
subsp. rothmaleriana
(Arènes) E.López, Devesa & Arnelas; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 48(1): 10 (2011)
Distribution: C-Portugal (Serra da Estrela)
12 POR
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta rothmaleriana (Arènes) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 304 (1977)
= Centaurea gallica f. herminii (Rouy) Gugler; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Natl. Hung. 6: 159 (1907)
= Centaurea herminii Rouy; Le Naturaliste 2: Ann. 5, 372 (1883)
= Centaurea micrantha subsp. herminii (Rouy) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 199 (1975 publ. 1976)
= Centaurea micrantha var. herminii (Rouy) Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 13: 30 (1915)
= Centaurea paniculata subvar. occidentalis Arènes; Agron. Lusit. 11: 20 (1949)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. rothmaleriana Arènes; Agron. Lusit. 11: 24 (1949)
= Centaurea paniculata var. herminii (Rouy) Cout.; Fl. Portugal 657 (1913)
= Centaurea rothmaleriana (Arènes) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71: 199 (1976)
species :
Centaurea lanigera
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 579 (1838)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus lanigerus (DC.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
species :
Centaurea lanulata
Eig; Eig, Zohary & Feinbrun, The Plants of Palestine, An Analytic Key 396 (1931)
Distribution: Israel (Rift Valley, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula; Jordania
34 ISR JOR SIN
species :
Centaurea latiloba
Klokov; Fl. URSS 28: 557, 620 (1963)
Distribution: Transcaucasus
species :
Centaurea laureotica
Heldr. ex Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 590 (1898)
Distribution: C-Greece (S-Attiki, ?Peloponnisos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Albiflorae. Doubtfully distinct from C. pelia
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta laureotica (Heldr. ex Halácsy) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
species :
Centaurea lavrenkoana
Klokov; Nauk Zap. Kyjivs´k. Derzavn. Univ. Sevcenka 7(6): 81 (1948)
Distribution: S-European Russia; SE-Ukraine; Crimea
14 KRY RUS UKR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea, ovina agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ovina subsp. Iavrenkoana (Klokov) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 197 (1976)
= Centaurea pseudoovina N.B.Illar.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 18: 308 (1957)
species :
Centaurea laxa
Boiss. & Hausskn.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 640 (1875)
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Iraq (NW-Iraq); Syria (Jazira); Jordania
34 IRQ JOR SYR TUR
species :
Centaurea legionis-septimae
Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 9: 13 (1985)
Distribution: NW-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Acrocentron
species :
Centaurea leonidia
Kalpoutz. & Constantin.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 146: 376 (2004)
Distribution: S-Greece (SE-Peloponnisos)
13 GRC
species :
Centaurea leptophylla
(K.Koch) Tchich.; Asia Min. Bot. 2: 309 (1860)
Distribution: Turkey (NE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Psephellus leptophyllus (K.Koch) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 611 (1875)
= Centaurium leptophyllum K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 419 (1851)
species :
Centaurea leucadea
Lacaita; Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. s. 32: 105 (1925)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta leucadea (Lacaita) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
species :
Centaurea leucomalla
Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 38(2): 458 (1921)
Distribution: North Macedonia (Alsar, SE of Prilep)
13 NMA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. leucomalla (Bornm.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 205 (1976)
species :
Centaurea leucomelaena
Hayek; Prodr. Fl. penins. Balcan. 2: 758 (1931)
Distribution: Albania
13 ALB
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Maculosae, stoebe agg.
species :
Centaurea leucophaea
Jord.; Obs. Pl. Crit. 5: 64 (1847)
subspecies :
subsp. leucophaea
Distribution: SE-France; NW-Italy
12 FRA 13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Paniculatae. Sometimes included in C. paniculata
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta leucophaea (Jord.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
= Centaurea caerulescens subsp. leucophaea (Jord.) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 6: 43 (1923)
= Centaurea pallidula Rouy; Rev. Bot. Syst. Geogr. Bot. 2: 147 (1904)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. leucophaea (Jord.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. 392 (1882)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. pallidula (Rouy) Rouy; Rev. Bot. Syst. Geogr. Bot. 2: 147 (1904)
= Centaurea paniculata var. leucophaea (Jord.) St.-Lag.; Étude Fl., éd. 8 [A. Cariot], 2: 430 (1889)
= Centaurea paniculata Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 3(1): 53 (1788), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea praetoria Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H. G. L. Reichenbach] 15: 34, t. 886 (1852)
subspecies :
subsp. biformis
(Timb.-Lagr.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 200 (1976)
Distribution: SW-France (E-Pyrenees, W of Perpignan)
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea biformis Timb.-Lagr.; Lucante, Rev. de Bot. 10: 262 (1892)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. biformis (Timb.-Lagr.) Rouy; Rev. Bot. Syst. Géogr. Bot. 2: 159 (1904)
= Centaurea paniculata var. biformis (Timb.-Lagr.) B.Bock; Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest 43: 209 (2012)
subspecies :
subsp. brunnescens
(Briq.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 200 (1976)
Distribution: SE-France; NW-Italy
12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea paniculata subvar. brunnescens Briq.; Monogr. Centaurées Alpes Marit. 152 (1902)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. brunnescens (Briq.) Arrigoni; Parlatorea 6: 55 (2003)
subspecies :
subsp. ochrolopha
(Costa) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 200 (1976)
Distribution: NE-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ochrolopha Costa; Fl. Catal. 140 (1864)
= Acosta ochrolopha (Costa) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 304 (1977)
subspecies :
subsp. reuteri
(Rchb.f.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 200 (1976)
Distribution: SE-France; NW-Italy
12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta reuteri (Rchb.f.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 304 (1977)
= Centaurea paniculata proles reuteri (Rchb.f.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 157 (1905)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. reuteri (Rchb.f.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 426 (1879)
= Centaurea paniculata var. reuteri (Rchb.f.) B.Bock; Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest 43: 210 (2012)
= Centaurea reuteri Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H. G. L. Reichenbach] 15: 33, t. 780 (1852)
species :
Centaurea limbata
Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 221 (1820 publ. 1828)
subspecies :
subsp. limbata
Distribution: N-Portugal; NW-Spain
12 POR SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Paniculatae
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta limbata (Hoffmanns. & Link) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 11(1): 80 (1976)
= Centaurea limbata subvar. intermedia Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 13: 23 (1915)
= Centaurea limbata f. asperifoliata Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 13: 22 (1915)
= Centaurea limbata f. exigua Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 13: 21 (1915)
= Centaurea limbata f. mixta Merino; Contr. Fl. Galicia, Suppl. 1: 22 (1898)
= Centaurea limbata f. propinqua Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 13: 23 (1915)
= Centaurea limbata var. insularis Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 1: 49 (1902)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. limbata (Hoffmanns. & Link) Cout.; Fl. Portugal 657 (1913)
= Centaurea resupinata f. nana Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 13: 20 (1915)
= Centaurea resupinata var. finitiva Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 13: 20 (1915)
subspecies :
subsp. lusitana
(Arènes) E.López & Devesa; Lagascalia 28: 421 (2008)
Distribution: WC-Portugal (Sa. de Caramulo)
12 POR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea herminii subsp. lusitana (Arènes) Franco; Nova Fl. Portugal 2: 479, 573 (1984)
= Centaurea paniculata var. lusitana Arènes; Agron. Lusit. 11: 22 (1949)
species :
Centaurea linifolia
L.; Mant. Pl. 117 (1767)
Distribution: E-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Lepteranthus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea linarifolia Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 321 (1840), sphalm.
= Centaurea linearifolia Lam.; Encyc. 1: 667 (1783), sphalm.
= Jacea linifolia (L.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 229 (1974)
= Lepteranthus linifolius (L.) Webb; Iter Hisp. 32 (1838)
species :
Centaurea litardierei
Jahand. & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 16: 76 (1925)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada litardierei (Jahand. & Maire) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
species :
Centaurea litigiosa
(Fiori) Arrigoni; Parlatorea 6: 77 (2003)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea paniculata f. litigiosa Fiori; Fiori et al., Fl. Anal. Italia 3: 338 (1904)
species :
Centaurea litochorea
T.Georgiadis & Phitos; Ann. Univ. Provence, Biol. Ecol. Medit. 5(1): 31 (1978 publ. 1979)
Distribution: NC-Greece (Mt. Olimpos)
13 GRC
species :
Centaurea longepedunculata
Sch.Bip.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 668 (1875)
Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq)
34 IRQ
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada longepedunculata (Boiss.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 316 (1972)
species :
Centaurea longifimbriata
Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 223, t. 1 (1974)
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Grossheimia longifimbriata (Wagenitz) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 11(1): 83 (1976)
= Grossheimia longifimbriata (Wagenitz) Gagnidze; Feddes Repert. 113(7-8): 624 (2002), isonym
species :
Centaurea longispina
(Post) Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 170 (1963)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon)
34 LEB
Synonyms: hidden
= Cheirolepis longispina (Post) Czerep.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 20: 469 (1960)
= Phaeopappus longispinus Post; Pl. Postianae 2: 14 (1891)
species :
Centaurea lovricii
Bogdanovic, Borsic, Ljubicic, Brullo & Giusso; PhytoKeys 214: 99, figs. 1-4 (2022)
Distribution: Croatia
13 CRO
species :
Centaurea lugdunensis
Jord.; Obs. Pl. Crit. 5: 49 (1847)
Distribution: France
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea triumfettii subsp. lugdunensis (Jord.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 209 (1976)
= Cyanus lugdunensis (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 96 (1869)
species :
Centaurea luristanica
Rech.f.; Anz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 88: 265 (1951)
Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea luschaniana
Heimerl; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 50 2: 113 (1885)
Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea lusitanica
Boiss. & Reut.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 85 (1856)
Distribution: C- & S-Portugal; Madeira [I] (Madeira Isl. [I])
12 POR 21 mdr
Remarks: Subgen. Seridia
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapoides lusitanica (Boiss. & Reut.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)
= Centaurea lusitanica var. crassifolia P.Silva; Agron. Lusit. 24: 175 (1964)
= Centaurea sphaerocephala subsp. lusitanica (Boiss. & Reut.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 432 (1879)
= Centaurea sphaerocephala var. microcephala Welw. ex Mariz; Bol. Soc. Brot. 10: 210 (1892)
species :
Centaurea lycaonica
Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 5: 111 (1856)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea lycia
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 109 (1849)
Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea lycopifolia
Boiss. & Kotschy; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 693 (1875)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea aintabica Bornm.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 20 (1917)
= Centaurea lapsanifolia Freyn; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 473 (1895)
= Phaeopappus aintabicus Post; Fl. Syria 472 (1896)
= Tomanthea aintabica (Post) Czerep.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 20: 475 (1960)
species :
Centaurea lydia
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 4: 20 (1844)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea meissneri Friv. ex Gugler; Centaur. Ungar. (Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungar. vi.) 251 (1907)
species :
Centaurea macedonica
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. l(6): 130 (1846)
Distribution: C-Albania; NE-Greece (around Thessaloniki)
13 ALB GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Acroptilon
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea korthiaca Adamovic ex Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30(2): 753 (1931)
= Centaurea thessalonica Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 2: 160 (1902)
= Colymbada macedonica (Boiss.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 228 (1974)
species :
Centaurea macroacantha
Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Syn. 2: 518 (1844)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
species :
Centaurea macrocephala
Muss.Puschk. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3(3): 2298 (1803)
Name: Globe centaurea, big-head knapweed, yellow bachelor´s button or cornflower (EN), Großköpfige Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: England [I]; Germany [I]; Poland [I]; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (NE-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan); Canada [I] (Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Colorado [I], Michigan [I], Washington [I], Wisconsin [I])
10 grb 11 ger pol 33 ARM AZE GEO 34 IRN TUR 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa
Remarks: Subgen. Grossheimia
Synonyms: hidden
= Grossheimia macrocephala (Muss.Puschk. ex Willd.) Sosn. & Takht.; Proc. Acad. Sci. Armen. SSR 3: No. 1, 23 (1945)
= Grossheimia macrocephala var. minor Sosn. & Takht.; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Armyanskoi S.S.R. 3(1): 24 (1945)
= Phaeopappus macrocephalus (Muss.Puschk. ex Willd.) Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 6: 124 (1846)
= Phaeopappus macrocephalus (Muss.Puschk. ex Willd.) Freyn & Sint.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 44: 220 (1894), isonym
= Plumosipappus macrocephalus (Muss.Puschk. ex Willd.) Czerep.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 20: 458 (1960)
species :
Centaurea macroptilon
Borbás; Vasvárm. Náv. Fl. 192 (1877)
Distribution: Austria; Poland; Slovakia; Hungary; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Bulgaria
11 AUT HUN POL SLO 13 BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT ROM SLV SRB
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Fimbriatae
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea macroptilon Borbás ex Rohlena; Act. Bot. Bohem. 2: 6 (1923)
= Centaurea osmanica Conrath; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 37: 424 (1887)
= Jacea macroptilon (Borbás) Soják; Cas. Nar Muz. (Prague), 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
= Jacea osmanica (Conrath) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 132 (1972)
species :
Centaurea magistrorum
Arrigoni & Camarda; Parlatorea 6: 79 (2003)
Distribution: Sardinia
12 SAR
species :
Centaurea magocsyana
J.Wagner; Magyar Bot. Lapok 2: 281 (1903)
Distribution: Romania
13 ROM
species :
Centaurea maireana
Emb.; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 11: 185 (1931)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada maireana (Emb.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
species :
Centaurea majorovii
Dumbadze; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Armyanskoi S.S.R. 5(2): 47 (1946)
Distribution: S-European Russia; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Northern Caucasus
14 KRY RUS UKR 33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea arenaria subsp. majorovii (Dumbadze) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 197 (1976)
species :
Centaurea malacitana
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 85 (1856)
Distribution: S-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Seridia
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapoides malacitana (Boiss.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)
= Centaurea sonchifolia subsp. malacitana (Boiss.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 431 (1879)
= Centaurea sphaerocephala subsp. malacitana (Boiss.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 203 (1976)
species :
Centaurea malatyensis
Kültür & M.Bona; Phytotaxa 247(1): 86 (2016)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea malinvaldiana
Batt.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 355 (1886), et in Batt. & Trab. Atlas fl. Alger.(1886) 15 t. 11
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG MOR
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Acrocentron
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea battandieri Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 7-8: 230 (1904)
= Centaurea cossoniana Batt.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 35: (1888) 341 non Ball
= Centaurea granatensis subsp. battandieri (Hochr.) Maire
= Centaurea granatensis subsp. malinvaldiana (Batt.) Maire
= Centaurea granatensis var. purpurea Maire
= Centaurea malinvaldiana Batt. var. cossoniana Batt.
= Colymbada malinvaldiana (Batt.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
species :
Centaurea mannagettae
Podp.; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 52: 661 (1902)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria
13 BUL KOS SRB
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Acroptilon
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada mannagettae (Podp.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
species :
Centaurea mantoudii
T.Georgiadis; Contr. Phylogén. Centaurea L. (sect. Acrolophus (Cass.) DC.) en Grèce 56 (1980)
Distribution: C-Greece (N-Evvoia)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Albiflorae. Doubtfully distinct from C. pelia
species :
Centaurea maramarosiensis
(Jáv.) Czerep.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. 20: 395 (1960)
Distribution: Slovakia; Romania; Ukraine
11 SLO 13 ROM 14 UKR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea mollis f. maramarosiensis Jáv.; Magyar Fl. 1170 (1925)
= Centaurea mollis subsp. maramarosiensis (Jáv.) Soó
= Centaurea montana subsp. maramarosiensis (Jáv.) Soják
= Cyanus maramarosiensis (Jáv.) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 14 (1984)
= Cyanus montanus subsp. maramarosiensis (Jáv.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 131 (1972)
species :
Centaurea marashica
Uzunh., Teksen & E.Dogan; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 42(4): 309 (2005)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea margaritalba
Klokov; Trav. Inst. Bot., Univ. Kkarkov, ed. Med. 1: 81, 100 (1936)
Distribution: S-Ukraine (E-side of estuary of River Bug)
14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea margaritacea subsp. margaritalba (Klokov) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 204 (1976)
species :
Centaurea mariana
Nyman; Suppl. Syll. Fl. Eur. 6 (1865)
Distribution: SE-Spain (Almeria)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Subsect. Lagascanae
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea funkii Boiss. & Reut.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 83 (1856)
= Centaurea granatensis subsp. boetica (Willk.) Font Quer; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 1: 310 (1947)
= Centaurea macrorrhiza var. boetica Willk.; Linnaea 25: 38 (1852)
= Centaurea macrorrhiza Willk.; Linnaea 25: 38 (1852)
= Colymbada macrorrhiza (Willk.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 304 (1977)
= Colymbada mariana (Nyman) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 19 (1982)
species :
Centaurea marmorea
Bornm. & Soska; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 42: 127 (1937)
Distribution: North Macedonia; NE-Greece (Mt. Falakron etc.)
13 GRC NMA
variant :
var. prilepense
Micevski; Posebno Izd. Mus. Macedonici Sci. Nat. 7: 86 (1976)
Distribution: North Macedonia
13 NMA
species :
Centaurea maroccana
Ball; J. Bot. 11: 370 (1873)
Distribution: SE-Spain; Morocco; Algeria; Libya
12 SPA 20 ALG LBY MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa maroccana (Ball) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 143 (1973)
= Centaurea pterodonta Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 28 (1874)
species :
Centaurea masjedsoleymanensis
Ranjbar & Askari; Phytotaxa 361(2): 151 (2018)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea matthiolifolia
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 4: 19 (1844)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea akcadaghensis Uysal & Sirin; Medit. Bot. 41(2): 174 (2020)
= Centaurea axillaris var. matthiolifolia (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 637 (1875)
= Centaurea cana subsp. matthiolifolia (Boiss.) Sosn.; Vestn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 2: 91 (1926)
= Centaurea cana var. sultanensis Bornm.; Feddes Repert. 89: 375 (1944)
= Centaurea triumfettii var. matthiolifolia (Boiss.) Dostál; Preslia 10: 63 (1931)
= Centaurea variegata subf. matthiolifolia (Boiss.) Gugler; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Natl. Hung. 6: 111 (1908)
= Cyanus akcadaghensis (Uysal & Sirin) Raab-Straube & Greuter; Willdenowia 51(1): 145 (2021)
= Cyanus matthiolifolius (Boiss.) Wagenitz & Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
species :
Centaurea mayeri
Radic; Acta Biokovica 1: 139 (1981)
Distribution: Croatia
13 CRO
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Centaurea melanocephala
Pancic; Fl. Serbiae 443 (1874)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Albania
13 ALB KOS SRB
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea candelabrum Hayek & Kosanin; Hayek, Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balcan. 2: 746 (1931)
= Colymbada candelabrum (Hayek & Kosanin) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
species :
Centaurea melitensis
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 917 (1753)
Name: Malteser Flockenblume (DE); Hierba de cristo (ES), Maltese star-thistle (EN)
Distribution: England [I]; Northern Ireland [I]; Ireland [I]; Norway [I]; Belgium [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Poland [I]; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares (Ibiza & Formentera, Mallorca, Menorca); France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Greece (Kiklades: Milos); SE-Crete; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt; Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Ilhas Desertas, Porto Santo Isl.); Islas Selvagens; Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Ilha de Sao Tiago, Ilha Brava); Ethiopia [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; South Africa [I] (widespread); East Aegaean Isl. [I] (Karpathos [I]); Yemen [I] (W-Yemen [I]); India [c] (Tamil Nadu [c]); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); Lord Howe Isl. [I]; Norfolk Isl. [I]; New Zealand [I]; New Caledonia [I]; Easter Isl. [I]; Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Molokai [I], Lanai [I], Maui [I], Kahoolawe Isl. [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); Canada [I] (British Columbia [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arizona [I], California [I], Georgia [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Massachusetts [I], Mississippi [I], Missouri [I], Nevada [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Washington [I], Wisconsin [I]); Mexico [I] (Baja California [I]); Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]; Brazil [I]; Uruguay [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Arica y Parinacota [I], Tarapacá [I], Antofagasta [I], Atacama [I], Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Araucanía [I], Los Rios [I], Los Lagos [I], Magallanes [I]); Juan Fdz. Isl. [I]
10 grb ire nor 11 bgm ger pol swi 12 BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 BIH CRO GRC ITA KRI MLT MNT PEL SIC 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY CVI MDR SEL 24 eth 26 zim 27 saf 34 eai 35 yem 40 ind 50 aus lhi nfk 51 nzl 60 nwc 61 eas 63 haw 71 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 83 bol ecu per 84 bra 85 arg cle jnf uru
Remarks: Subgen. Solstitiaria
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa conferta Moench; Methodus [Moench] 564 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Calcitrapa melitensis (L.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 133 (1972)
= Calcitrapa patibilcensis Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] , ed. fol. 4: 18 (1818)
= Calcitrapa sessiliflora Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 35 (1779)
= Centaurea americana Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 407 (1826), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea apula Lam.; Encyc. 1: 674 (1783)
= Centaurea congesta Willd. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 593 (1838)
= Centaurea glomerata Webb & Berthel.; Phyt. Canar. 2: 360 (1846)
= Centaurea melitensis f. apula (Lam.) Cout.; Fl. Portugal 658 (1913)
= Centaurea patibilcensis (Kunth) F.Dietr.; Neu. Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 2: 436 (1826)
= Centaurea sessiliflora Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 35 (1779)
= Cyanus melitensis (L.) Gaertn.; Fruct. 2: 383 (1791)
= Seridia melitensis (L.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
= Solstitiaria melitensis (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. 62 (1768)
= Triplocentron apulum (Lam.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 55: 349 (1826)
= Triplocentron melitense (L.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 44: 38 55: 349 (1827)
species :
Centaurea mengenensis
Uysal & Åzirin; Nordic J. Bot. 2022(4)-e03389: 5 (2022)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea mersinensis
Uysal & Hamzaoglu; Pl. Biosystems 151(5): 815 (2016)
Distribution: Turkey (Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea mesopotamica
Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 20 2: 170 (1906)
Distribution: Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Syria (Jazira); Saudi Arabia (Asir); Saudi Arabia (Nejd Desert); Kuwait
34 IRQ SYR 35 KUW SAU
species :
Centaurea messenicolasiana
T.Georgiadis, Dimitrellos & Routsi; Willdenowia 25(2): 563 (1996)
Distribution: NC-Greece
13 GRC
Remarks: known from only one locality
species :
Centaurea micevskii
Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003), nom. nov.
Distribution: North Macedonia
13 NMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea wagenitzii Micevski; Prilozi Makedonska Akad. Nauk Umetn., Oddel. Biol. Med. Nauki 8(1-2): 49 (1990) (non Hub.-Mor. 1967)
species :
Centaurea microcarpa
Coss. & Durieu ex Batt. & Trab.; Fl. de l´Alger. (Dicot.) 500 (1889)
Distribution: Algeria; Tunisia
20 ALG TUN
species :
Centaurea microcnicus
Reese & Sam.; Rech.f., Ark. Bot. Ser. 2, 1: 326 (1950)
Distribution: Iraq; Lebanon (Antilebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira)
34 IRQ LEB SYR
species :
Centaurea microlonchoides
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 6: 127 (1846)
Distribution: Iran (S-Iran, SW-Iran)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Phaeopappus microlonchoides (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 602 (1875)
species :
Centaurea microlopha
(Boiss.) Ranjbar & Negaresh; Phytotaxa 123(1): 23 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea spectabilis var. microlopha (Boiss.) Wagenitz
= Phaeopappus microlophus Boiss.; Tchich. Asie Min. Bot. 2: 308 (1860)
= Tomanthea microlopha (Boiss.) Czerep.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 20: 474 (1960)
species :
Centaurea molesworthiae
E.López, Devesa & García Rojas; Nordic J. Bot. 30(4): 422 (2012)
Distribution: S-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Orientales
species :
Centaurea mollis
Waldst. & Kit.; Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung. 3: 243 (1807)
Distribution: Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Slovenia; Croatia; Romania; Ukraine
11 CZE HUN POL SLO 13 CRO ROM SLV 14 UKR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus mollis (Waldst. & Kit.) J.Presl & C.Presl; Fl. Cech. 179 (1819)
= Cyanus montanus subsp. mollis (Waldst. & Kit. ex Besser) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 131 (1972)
species :
Centaurea monodii
Arènes; Bull. Inst. Franc. Afr. Noire 15: 66 (1953)
Distribution: Mauritania
22 MTN
species :
Centaurea montaltensis
(Fiori) Peruzzi; Inform. Bot. Ital. 40(1): 114 (2008)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea dissecta f. montaltensis Fiori; Fiori et al., Fl. Anal. Italia 4: 187 (1907)
species :
Centaurea montana
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 911 (1753)
Name: Berg-Flockenblume (DE), Mountain cornflower (EN)
Distribution: England; Northern Ireland; Ireland; Norway; Sweden [I]; Finland [I]; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg [I], Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [I], Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein [I], +Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt [I], Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Lithuania [I]; NW-European Russia; Java [I]; Alaska [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I]); St. Pierre et Miquelon [I]; USA [I] (Idaho [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Montana [I], New Hampshire [I], New York [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Utah [I], Washington [I], Wisconsin [I])
10 fin GRB IRE NOR swe 11 AUT BGM CZE GER LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 BIH CRO ITA KOS SLV SRB 14 est lat lit RUS 42 jaw 70 ask 71 cdn 72 cdn spm 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa
Remarks: Subgen. Cyanus. See also C. triumfettii which is frequently confused
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea angustifolia Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8, no. 7 (1768)
= Centaurea carpathica Geners.; Elench.: no. 824 (1798)
= Centaurea caucasica M.Bieb. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 579 (1838)
= Centaurea chlorantha Adams ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 2: 699 (1846)
= Centaurea floccosa Schloss. ex Vuk.; Rad Jugos. Akad. Zagreb. 58: 149 (1881)
= Centaurea graminifolia Pourr. ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 159 (1865)
= Centaurea leucantha Adams; Beitr. Naturk. 1: 74 (1805), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea montana f. dentata Dostál; Domin, 68 (1931)
= Centaurea montana f. pettersii Opiz ex Dostál; Domin, 68 (1931)
= Centaurea montana f. undulata (Godr.) Dostál; Domin, 68 (1931)
= Centaurea montana subsp. angustifolia (Mill.) P.Fourn.; 1022 (1940)
= Centaurea montana var. angustifolia (Mill.) Lej.; Rev. Fl. Spa: 181 (1825)
= Centaurea montana var. cyanantha (Châtenier) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 142 (1905)
= Centaurea montana var. eichenfeldtii (Hayek) Murr; 333 (1924)
= Centaurea montana var. occitanica Rouy & B.-A.Martin; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 35: 442 (1888)
= Centaurea montana var. pradensis O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 92 (1987 publ. 1988)
= Centaurea montana var. pyrenaica Godr. & Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 249 (1850)
= Centaurea montana var. sinuata Lej.; Comp. Fl. Belg. 3: 130 (1836)
= Centaurea montana var. undulata Gren. & Godr.; 249 (1850)
= Centaurea serrata Kitt.; Taschenb. Fl. Deutschl., ed. 2: 563 (1844)
= Centaurea seusana Benth.; Cat. Pl. Pyrénées 68 (1826), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea seusana var. angustifolia Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 5: 400 (1829)
= Cyanus angustifolius (Mill.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 131 (1972)
= Cyanus montanus (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. 64 (1768)
= Jacea alata Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 53 (1779)
= Setachna montana (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 519 (1867)
species :
Centaurea monticola
Boiss. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 7: 302 (1838)
Distribution: SE-Spain (Sa. Nevada, Sa. Magina); Morocco
12 SPA 20 MOR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Willkommia
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta monticola (DC.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
= Centaurea boissieri var. orthocantha Pau & Font Quer
= Centaurea monticola subsp. orthoacantha (Pau & Font Quer) Ibn Tattou; Bocconea 8: 29 (1998)
= Centaurea monticola var. funkii Schultz Sch. ex Cuatrec.; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sèr. Bot. 12: 468 (1929)
= Centaurea monticola var. orthocantha Pau & Font Quer; Exsicc. (Iter Marocc.) 1930: no. 701 (1932)
species :
Centaurea montis-borlae
Soldano; Giorn. Bot. Ital. 112(5-6): 399 (1978 publ. 1979)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Centaurea mouterdei
Wagenitz; Candollea 36: 366, f. 1 (1981)
Distribution: Lebanon (C-Lebanon)
34 LEB
species :
Centaurea movlavia
Parsa; Flore de l´Iran (Publ. Univ. Teheran 1777) 10: 173 (1980)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea mozaffarianii
Negaresh; Phytotaxa 363(1): 73 (2018)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea mucurensis
Teyber; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 63: 492 (1913)
Distribution: Croatia
13 CRO
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Centaurea murbeckii
Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: 639 (1901)
Distribution: Bosnia & Hercegovina
13 BIH
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Orientales
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada murbeckii (Hayek) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 228 (1974)
species :
Centaurea musakii
T.Georgiadis; Bot. Not. 132(3): 311 (1979)
Distribution: NC-Greece
13 GRC
Remarks: near C. niederi and C. wettsteinii
species :
Centaurea musarum
Boiss. & Orph.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3(5): 112 (1856)
Distribution: C-Greece (Mt. Parnassos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis
species :
Centaurea musilii
Velen.; Sitz. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. 11: 9 (1912)
Distribution: Saudi Arabia (N-Saudi Arabia)
35 SAU
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Centaurea musimomum
Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 9: 180 (1918)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG MOR
species :
Centaurea nallihanensis
Uysal & Hamzaoglu; Phytotaxa 275(2): 150 (2016)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea nana
Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 2: 296, t. 241 (1799)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea raphanina Sieber ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 322 (1840), nom. inval.
= Colymbada nana (Desf.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
= Menomphalus nanus (Desf.) Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 33 (1874)
species :
Centaurea napifolia
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 916 (1753)
Distribution: Baleares (Menorca); France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
12 BAL COR FRA SAR 13 ITA SIC 20 ALG MOR TUN
Remarks: Subgen. Seridia
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa napifolia (L.) Moench; Methodus [Moench] 564 (1794)
= Calcitrapoides napifolia (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)
= Centaurea romana L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 916 (1753)
= Centaurea zanonii Sebast. & Maur.; Fl. Român. Prodr. 298 (1818)
= Cistrum napifolium (L.) Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 36 (1762)
= Cyanus napifolius (L.) Gaertn.; Fruct. 2: 383 (1791)
= Pectinastrum napifolium (L.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 44: 38 (1826)
= Seridia napifolia (L.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
species :
Centaurea napulifera
Rochel; Magyar Tudós Társaság Evkönyvel (Budapest) 2: 260 (1835)
Distribution: SE-Romania; Bulgaria
13 BUL ROM
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus. Possibly conspecific with C. thirkei
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea carlovensis Friv. ex Gugler; Centaur. Ungar. (Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungar. vi.) 115 (1907), orth. var.
= Centaurea karlowensis Friv. ex Hampe; Flora (Regensburg) 20: 228 (1837)
= Centaurea subdepressa Stef. & T.Georgiev; Spis. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 44: 183 (1931)
= Cyanus napulifer (Rochel) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 131 (1972)
species :
Centaurea neiceffii
Degen & H.Wagner; Period. Spis. Bulg. Kniz. Druz. 49.- 4 (1908)
Distribution: Romania; Bulgaria
13 BUL ROM
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Orientales
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea neicevii Degen & J.Wagner ex Neytcheff; Period. Spissanie (1908), orth. var.
species :
Centaurea nemecii
Nábelek; Publ. Fac. Sci. Univ. Masaryk Brno 52: 44, t. 10 (1925)
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia); Iran (W-Iran)
34 IRN TUR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus nemecii (Nábelek) Opiz
= Jacea nemecii (Opiz) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 18(2): 204 (1983)
species :
Centaurea nerimaniae
Kültür; Nordic J. Bot. 28(5): 613 (2010)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea nervosa
Willd.; Enum. Pl. [Willdenow] 925 (1809)
subspecies :
subsp. nervosa
Name: Fedrige Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Switzerland; Austria; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; N-Greece (mountains near border)
11 AUT SWI 12 FRA 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT ROM SLV SRB
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Lepteranthus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ambigua Thom. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 573 (1838)
= Centaurea austriaca Rochel; Pl. Banat. Rar. 76 (1828)
= Centaurea austriaca subsp. nervosa (Willd.) Ces.; Car. Catt., 302 (1844)
= Centaurea berini Sieber ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 319 (1840)
= Centaurea cirrata Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 1: 214 (1831)
= Centaurea flocculosa Balb. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 422 (1879)
= Centaurea nervosa f. kojicii Gajic; Glasn. Prir. Mus. Beogradu, Ser. B, Biol. Nauke 27: 34 (1972)
= Centaurea nervosa f. sessilifolia Gajic; Bull. Acad. Serbe Sci. Arts, Sci. Math. Nat., 54(14): 19 (1976)
= Centaurea nervosa subsp. ferdinandii (Gren.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 428 (1879)
= Centaurea nervosa subsp. josifovicii M.R.Gajic; Bull. Acad. Serbe Sci. Arts, Sci. Nat. 54(14): 15 (1976)
= Centaurea phrygia var. nervosa Rchb.; 214 (1832)
= Centaurea plumosa Kern.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 22: 44 (1872)
= Centaurea pseudouniflora Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 35 (1853)
= Centaurea sublanuginosa Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 899, Index (1866)
= Centaurea uniflora proles ferdinandii (Gren.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 133 (1905)
= Centaurea uniflora subsp. ferdinandii (Gren.) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 6: 45 (1923)
= Centaurea uniflora subsp. nervosa (Willd.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 180 (1894)
= Centaurea uniflora var. ambigua (Gaudin) Briq. & Cavill.; Burnat, Fl. Alpes Marit. 7: 132 (1931)
= Centaurea uniflora var. nervosa (Willd.) Burnat; Centaur. Alpes Marit. 101 (1902)
= Centaurea vochinensis var. flocculosa Bernh. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 1: 214 (1831)
= Jacea cirrata (Rchb.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 132 (1972)
= Jacea nervosa (Willd.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 44 (1961)
subspecies :
subsp. davidovii
(Urum.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30(2): 790 (1931)
Distribution: Bulgaria (Stara Planina)
13 BUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea davidovii Urum.; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 13: 58 (1907)
= Centaurea uniflora subsp. davidovii (Urum.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 208 (1976)
= Jacea davidovii (Urum.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 229 (1974)
species :
Centaurea nevadensis
Boiss. & Reut.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 71 (1856)
Distribution: EC- & SE-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea debeauxii subsp. nevadensis (Boiss. & Reut.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 206 (1975)
= Centaurea inuloides Willk.; Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 96 (1893)
= Centaurea nigra subsp. nevadensis (Boiss. & Reut.) Malag.; Subesp. Variac. Geogr. 15 (1973), without basionym date
= Jacea nevadensis (Boiss. & Reut.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 316 (1972)
species :
Centaurea nicolai
Bald.; Malpighia 5: 74 (1891)
Distribution: Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Albania
13 ALB BIH CRO MNT
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Acrocentron
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea lanceolata (Vis.) Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: (Cent.-Art. Österr.-Ung. 24) 608 (1901)
= Centaurea salonitana var. lanceolata Vis.
= Colymbada lanceolata (Vis.) Holub; Preslia 46: 228 (1974)
= Colymbada nicolai (Bald.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 304 (1977)
species :
Centaurea niederi
Heldr.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 13: 380 (1860)
Distribution: W-Greece (S-Epiros, NW-Peloponnisos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Pannophyllum
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta niederi (Heldr.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
species :
Centaurea nigerica
Hutch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1921: 383 (1921)
Distribution: Guinea; Nigeria; Cameroon
22 GUI NGA 23 CMN
species :
Centaurea nigra
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 911 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. nigra
Name: Schwarze Flockenblume (DE), Black knapweed (EN)
Distribution: England; Northern Ireland; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern [I], Hamburg [I], Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland); Austria; Poland; Czech Republic [I]; Spain; Andorra; France; Channel Isl.; Italy; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Algeria [I]; Australia [I] (South Australia [I], Victoria [I]); New Zealand [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Québec [I]); St. Pierre et Miquelon [I]; USA [I] (California [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Iowa [I], Kentucky [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I]); Chile [I] (Araucanía [I])
10 DEN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM cze GER LUX NET POL 12 ADO CIS FRA SPA 13 BIH CRO ITA 20 alg 50 aus 51 nzl 71 cdn 72 cdn spm 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa 85 cle
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Lepteranthus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea babingtonii Lacaita ex Hayek; Centaur. Exsicc. Crit., Fasc. 4, 157 (1924)
= Centaurea commutata Timb.-Lagr. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 421 (1879)
= Centaurea endresii Hochst. & Steud. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 320 (1840)
= Centaurea fulva A.Huet; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 19: 254 (1853)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. nigra (L.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 180 (1894)
= Centaurea jacea var. nigra (L.) Coss. & Germ.; Fl. Descr. Anal. Paris, éd. 2: 484 (1861)
= Centaurea jacea var. nigra (L.) Jess.; Deut. Excursions-Fl. 55 (1879), isonym
= Centaurea microptilon Godr. & Gren.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 242 (1779)
= Centaurea nemoralis subsp. montana Oberd.; 916 (1962), nom. inval.
= Centaurea nemoralis subsp. obscura (Jord.) Berher; Louis, Fl. Vosges, éd. 2: 141 (1887)
= Centaurea nigra f. pallens (W.D.J.Koch) Vollm.; Fl. Bayern 764 (1914)
= Centaurea nigra var. amara Mérat; Nouv. Fl. Env. Paris 337 (1812)
= Centaurea nigra var. decipiens Bab.; Man. Brit. Bot., ed. 7, 198 (1874), non C. decipiens Thuill.
= Centaurea nigra var. pallens W.D.J.Koch; 303 (1843)
= Centaurea nigrescens DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 571 (1838) non Willd.
= Centaurea nigricans Link ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 401 (1826)
= Centaurea obscura Jord.; F. W. Schultz, Arch. Fl. France Allem. [F.W.Schultz] 320 (1854)
= Centaurea pratensis var. microcephala Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 126 (1905)
= Centaurea rufescens Noulet ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 422 (1879)
= Centaurea sessiliflora L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 912 (1753)
= Centaurea spathulata Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1(Prodr.): LI (1812)
= Centaurea vulgaris var. nigra (L.) Godr.; Fl. Lorraine 2: 54 (1843)
= Cyanus niger (L.) Gaertn.; Fruct. 2: 382 (1791)
= Jacea nigra (L.) Garsault; Fig. Pl. Anim. Med. t. 310 (1764)
= Jacea nigra (L.) Hill; Herb. Brit. 1: 83 (1769)
= Jacea vulgaris Bernh.; Syst. Verz. Erf. 158 (1800)
= Phrygia nigra (L.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 442 (1821), nom. superfl.
= Phrygia nigra var. tomentosa Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 442 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Platylophus obscurus (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 96 (1869)
= Rhaponticum ciliatum Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 39 (1779)
= Setachna microptilon Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 519 (1867)
= Setachna nigra (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 519 (1867)
subspecies :
subsp. aterrima
(Hayek) Hayek; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 68: 213 (1918)
Distribution: Bosnia & Hercegovina
13 BIH
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea aterrima Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: 731 (1901)
= Jacea aterrima (Hayek) Holub; Preslia 45: 145 (1973)
subspecies :
subsp. carpetana
(Boiss. & Reut.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 422 (1879)
Distribution: Portugal; WC- & C-Spain
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea amara var. paularensis Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 15: 68 (1916)
= Centaurea carpetana Boiss. & Reut.; Pugill. Pl. Afr. Bor. Hispan. 65 (1852)
= Centaurea carpetana var. calcicola Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 15: 68 (1916)
= Centaurea carpetana var. maiorifolia Pau; Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 8: 50 (1908)
= Centaurea nigra subsp. carpetana (Boiss. & Reut.) Malag.; Las Subesp. y Variac. Geogr. 15 (1973), without basionym date
= Centaurea pratensis proles carpetana (Boiss. & Reut.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 126 (1905)
= Centaurea pratensis subsp. carpetana (Boiss. & Reut.) Arènes; Centaurea Fr. sous-sect. Eu-Jacea 26 (1939)
= Jacea carpetana (Boiss. & Reut.) Holub; Preslia 45: 145 (1973)
subspecies :
subsp. endressii
(Dostál) Arnelas & Devesa; Acta Bot. Malac. 36: 47 (2011)
Distribution: NE-Spain (Pyrenees); SW-France
12 FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea coronata Lamy; Compt. Rend. Congr. Archeol. Assoc. Sci., Gueret 94 (1865)
= Centaurea debeauxii subsp. endressii (Hochst. & Steud. ex Lamotte) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 206 (1976)
= Centaurea endressii Hochst. & Steud. ex Lamotte; Prodr. Fl. Plat. Centr. 2: 433 (1881)
= Centaurea endressii Hochst. & Steud. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 320 (1840)
= Centaurea nigra f. radiata (DC.) F.Seym.; Phytologia Mem. 5: 606 (1982)
= Centaurea nigra var. radiata DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3: 460 (1815)
= Centaurea nigricans DC. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 321 (1840)
subspecies :
subsp. gueryi
(Maire) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 15: 100 (1924)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea gueryi Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 15: 100 (1924)
subspecies :
subsp. nemoralis
(Jord.) Gremli; Excursionsfl. Schweiz, Ed. 2: 248 (1874)
Name: Hain-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: England; Belgium; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [I], Niedersachsen [I], Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein [I], Saarland, Sachsen [I], Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; France; Italy
10 GRB 11 BGM GER SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea capitata (W.D.J.Koch & Ziz) Wender.; 301 (1846), nom. inval.
= Centaurea debeauxii subsp. montana R.Knapp; 98 (1977), nom. inval.
= Centaurea debeauxii subsp. nemoralis (Jord.) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 207 (1975 publ. 1976)
= Centaurea debeauxii var. minima (C.E.Britton) P.D.Sell; P. D. Sell & G. Murrell, 531 (2006)
= Centaurea debeauxii var. nemoralis (Jord.) P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland (2006)
= Centaurea nemoralis Jord.; Pugill. Pl. Nov. 104 (1852)
= Centaurea nemoralis var. minima C.E.Britton; Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 6: 414 (1922)
= Centaurea nigra proles nemoralis (Jord.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 129 (1905)
= Centaurea nigra f. pallescens (Spenn.) Hayek; 214 (1919)
= Centaurea nigra var. nemoralis (Jord.) Vollm.; Fl. Bayern 764 (1914)
= Centaurea nigra var. pallescens Spenn.; 500 (1826)
= Jacea nemoralis (Jord.) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 14 (1984), isonym
= Jacea nemoralis (Jord.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
= Platylophus nemoralis (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 96 (1869)
subspecies :
subsp. rivularis
(Brot.) Cout.; Fl. Port. 655 (1913)
Distribution: England [I]; NW-Spain; N- & C-Portugal
10 grb 12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea nigra proles rivularis (Brot.) Samp.; Fl. Port., ed. 2, Pires de Lima 596 (1947), nom. inval.
= Centaurea nigra var. pallida Lange; Pug. Pl. Hispan. 134 (1861)
= Centaurea rivularis Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 367 (1804)
= Jacea rivularis (Brot.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
species :
Centaurea nigrescens
Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 2288 (1803)
subspecies :
subsp. nigrescens
Name: Schwärzliche Flockenblume (DE), Tyrol knapweed (EN)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Austria; Hungary; France; Italy; San Marino; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Bulgaria; C-Greece (rare); Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (California [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], Florida [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Massachusetts [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I], Wyoming [I]); Argentina [I]
11 AUT ger HUN 12 FRA 13 BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS ROM SMA SRB 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa 85 arg
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Nigrescentes
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea bracteata Balb. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 319 (1840), nom. inval.
= Centaurea brevipappa Boiss. & Reut.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 71 (1856)
= Centaurea denticulata Lej.; Rev. Fl. Spa, 183 (1825)
= Centaurea dubia f. hedraeantha (Beck) Hayek; 210 (1919)
= Centaurea dubia f. microchaetes (Borbás) Hayek; 210 (1919)
= Centaurea dubia f. praticola (Beck) Hayek; 210 (1919), isonym
= Centaurea dubia subsp. nigrescens (Willd.) Hayek; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 68: 210 (1918), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea jacea subsp. nigrescens (Willd.) Celak.; Prodr. Fl. Böhmen 250 (1871)
= Centaurea jacea var. nigrescens (Willd.) Vis.; 32 (1848)
= Centaurea kochii Sch.Bip. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 421 (1879)
= Centaurea nigrescens var. intermedia Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 5: 397 (1829)
= Centaurea nigrescens var. monocephala Schur; 171 (1851), nom. inval.
= Centaurea nigrescens var. nana Mérat; Nouv. Fl. Env. Paris 337 (1812)
= Centaurea nigrescens var. vulgaris Bluff & Fingerh.; 407 (1825), nom. inval.
= Centaurea pratensis subsp. nigrescens (Willd.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 1017 (1940)
= Centaurea schemnitzensis Rchb.; 213 (1832), nom. inval.
= Centaurea schemnitzensis Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 322 (1840)
= Centaurea sciaphila Vuk.; Rad Jugos. Akad. Zagreb. 58: 150 (1881)
= Centaurea subcordata Freyn & Sint.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 42: 237 (1892)
= Centaurea trapezuntina Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 630 (1875)
= Centaurea tubulosa Chab. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 421 (1879)
= Centaurea vochinensis var. major Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 1: 214 (1831)
= Cyanus nigrescens J.Presl & C.Presl; Fl. Cech. 179 (1819)
= Jacea brevipappa (Boiss. & Reut.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 145 (1973)
= Jacea nigrescens (Willd.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
= Phrygia pratensis Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 442 (1821)
= Setachna nigrescens (Willd.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 519 (1867)
subspecies :
subsp. neapolitana
(Boiss.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 206 (1976)
Distribution: C-Italy; S-Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea neapolitana Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 72 (1856)
= Jacea neapolitana (Boiss.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 145 (1973)
subspecies :
subsp. pinnatifida
(Fiori) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 206 (1976)
Distribution: Italy (NC-Appennini: E of Firenze)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea jacea f. pinnatifida Fiori; Fiori et al., Fl. Anal. Italia 3: 326 (1904)
subspecies :
subsp. ramosa
Gugler; Centaur. Ung. Nationalmus. 69 (1907)
Distribution: SE-France; NW-Italy
12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ramosa (Gugler) Hayek; Centaur. Exsicc. Crit., Fasc. 4, 155 (1924), Soest in Ned. Kruidk. Arch.,Versl. 54: 80 (1947)
subspecies :
subsp. smolinensis
(Hayek) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 206 (1976)
Distribution: Bosnia & Hercegovina
13 BIH
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea smolinensis Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: 719 (1901)
= Jacea smolinensis (Hayek) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 229 (1974)
subspecies :
subsp. transalpina
(Mérat) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 421 (1879)
Name: Südalpen-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; France; Italy
11 AUT ger LIE POL SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea dubia f. brevipappa (Boiss. & Reut.) Hayek; 209 (1919)
= Centaurea dubia f. hirta (Murr) Hegi; 951 (1928)
= Centaurea dubia Suter; Fl. Helv. 2: 202 (1802) non S. G. Gmel.
= Centaurea dubia var. candollei (W.D.J.Koch) Hayek; 209 (1919)
= Centaurea dubia var. hirta Murr; 27 (1902), nom. inval.
= Centaurea jacea subsp. dubia Burnat; Fl. Alpes Marit. 7: 108 (1931)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. transalpina (Mérat) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 6: 44 (1923)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. transalpina (Mérat) R.C.V.Douin; Bonnier, Fl. Ill. France 6: 44 (1923)
= Centaurea jacea var. transalpina (Mérat) Briq.; Centaur. Alpes Marit. 77 (1902)
= Centaurea nigrescens var. transalpina (Schleich. ex DC.) W.D.J.Koch; 469 (1844)
= Centaurea transalpina (Mérat) Schleich. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 571 (1838)
= Centaurea transalpina Schleich.; Cat. Pl. Helv., ed. 3: 11 ex Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 571 (1838)
= Centaurea vochinensis (var.) major Rchb.; (1831)
= Jacea nigrescens subsp. transalpina (Mérat) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 132 (1972)
= Jacea transalpina (Mérat) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 305 (1977)
species :
Centaurea nigrofimbria
(K.Koch) Sosn.; Vestn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada, 1924-25, n. s. Pt. 2, 77 (1926)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Turkey (NE-Anatolia)
33 ARM GEO NCS 34 TUR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea atrata subsp. nigrofimbria (K.Koch) Dostál; Preslia 10: 60 (1931)
= Centaurea montana var. nigrofimbria K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 426 (1851)
= Cyanus nigrofimbrius (K.Koch) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 131 (1972)
species :
Centaurea nissana
Petrovic; Addit. Fl. Agr. Nyss. 110 (1885)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; SW-Bulgaria
13 BUL KOS NMA SRB
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea napulifera subsp. nissana (Petrovic) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71: 209 (1976)
= Centaurea nyssana subsp. rivularis (Brot.) Malag.; Las Subesp. y Variac. Geogr. 15 (1973)
= Cyanus nissanus (Petrovic) Bancheva & Raimondo; Bocconea 16(2): 519 (2003), isonym
= Cyanus nissanus (Petrovic) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 131 (1972)
species :
Centaurea nivea
(Bornm.) Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 171, t. 13 (1963)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Phaeopappus declinatus var. niveus Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 5: 167 (1908)
species :
Centaurea nobilis
(E.Groves) Brullo; Braun-Blanquetia 2: 32 (1988)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea deusta var. nobilis E.Groves; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 535 (1885)
species :
Centaurea novakii
Dostál; Preslia 10: 61 (1931)
Distribution: Bulgaria
13 BUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea triumfettii subsp. novakii (Dostál) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71: 209 (1976)
= Cyanus novakii (Dostál) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
species :
Centaurea nydeggerei
Hub.-Mor.; Bauhinia 6: 28 5 (1978)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea obtusifolia
(Boiss. & Hausskn.) Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 184 (1963)
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Phaeopappus obtusifolius Boiss. & Hausskn.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 599 (1875)
= Tomanthea obtusifolia (Boiss. & Hausskn.) Takht.; Trud. Molod. Uchen. Armyan. Fil. Akad. Nauk USSR, 243 (1939)
species :
Centaurea obtusiloba
Batt.; Contr. Fl. Atl. 52 (1919)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
species :
Centaurea occasus
F.Fern.Casas; Fontqueria 48: 221 (1997 publ. 1998)
Distribution: S-Portugal (Algarve)
12 POR
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Orientales
species :
Centaurea ochrocephala
Wagenitz; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 139b: 389, t. 357 (1980)
Distribution: Turkey; Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)
34 IRN IRQ TUR
species :
Centaurea odessana
Prodan; Contr. Bot. Cluj 1: Fasc. 17, 10 (1930)
Distribution: Romania; Ukraine; Crimea; Northern Caucasus
13 ROM 14 KRY UKR 33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta odessana (Prodan) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 134 (1972)
= Centaurea arenaria subsp. odessana (Prodan) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 197 (1976)
species :
Centaurea odyssei
Wagenitz; Willdenowia 2.464, f. 4 (1960)
Distribution: Turkey (WN-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea parolinii DC. var. alpina Boiss.; Fl. Orient. Suppl. 315 (1888)
species :
Centaurea ognjanoffii
Urum.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 10: 66 (1911)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria
13 BUL KOS SRB
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea reflexa subsp. ognianoffii (Urum.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 195 (1976)
= Centaurea salonitana subsp. ognjanoffii (Urum.) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71: 195 (1976)
= Colymbada ognjanoffii (Urum.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 228 (1974)
species :
Centaurea oltensis
Sosn.; Not. Syst. Tiflis 21: 60 (1959)
Distribution: Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Transcaucasus; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia)
33 AZE 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea sessilis Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3(3): 2300 (1803)
species :
Centaurea olympica
(DC.) K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 432 (1851)
Distribution: Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea paniculata var. olympica DC.
species :
Centaurea omphalodes
(Benth. & Hook.f.) Coss. & Durieu; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 4: 397 (1857)
Distribution: Morocco; Western Sahara; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya
20 ALG LBY MOR TUN WSA
Synonyms: hidden
= Amberboa omphalodes (Benth. & Hook.f.) Batt.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 42: 294 (1895)
= Amberboia omphalodes (Benth. & Hook.f.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 305 (1891)
= Centaurea omphalodes (Benth. & Hook.f.) O.Hoffm.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 5: . 330 (1893), isonym
= Centaurea trifurcata Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 27 (1874)
= Menomphalus omphalothrix Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 33 (1874)
= Stephanochilus omphalodes (Benth. & Hook.f.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 26: 24 (1935)
= Volutarella omphalodes Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. Pl. 2: 477 (1873)
= Volutaria omphalodes (Benth. & Hook.f.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 25: 16 (1934)
species :
Centaurea onopordifolia
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 114 (1849)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon); Syria (S-Syria)
34 LEB SYR
species :
Centaurea oranensis
Greuter & M.V.Agab.; Willdenowia 35: 228 (2005), nom. nov.
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea acaulis subsp. boissieri Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 25: 305 (1934)
species :
Centaurea orbelica
Velen.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. 1: 51 (1890) 1: 51, et Fl. Bulg. 310 (1891)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Bulgaria
13 BUL KOS NMA SRB
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea napulifera f. orbelica (Velen.) Gajic; Fl. Srbije 7: 237 (1975)
= Centaurea napulifera subsp. orbelica (Velen.) Kozuharov & N.Andreev; Opred. Vissh. Rast. Bulg. 785 (1992)
= Centaurea nissana f. orbelica (Velen.) Ganc; Fl. Srbije 7: 237 (1975)
= Centaurea orbelica var. polycephala Voliotis; Veröff. Geobot. Inst. ETH Stiftung Rübel 56: 33 (1976)
= Cyanus orbelicus (Velen.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 131 (1972)
species :
Centaurea orientalis
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 913 (1753)
Name: Orient-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Norway [I]; Belgium [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Hungary [I]; Italy [I]; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Bulgaria; S-European Russia; C-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]
10 nor 11 bgm ger hun swi 13 BUL ita KOS ROM SRB 14 KRY MLD RUS UKR 33 GEO NCS
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Orientales
Synonyms: hidden
= Acrocentron orientale (L.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 44 (1961)
= Centaurea neglecta Schott ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 400 (1826)
= Centaurea orientalis f. rubescens (Besser ex DC.) Pinzaru; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 44: 226 (2013)
= Centaurea rigidifolia Besser ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 587 (1838)
= Centaurea rubescens Besser ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 587 (1838)
= Centaurea stolensis Pancic ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 428 (1879)
= Centaurea tatarica L.f.; Suppl. 383 (1782)
= Centaurea theiantha (Spreng.); Bot. Gart. Halle, 24 (1801)
= Colymbada orientalis (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 316 (1972)
= Cyanus orientalis (L.) Baumg.; Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 3: 78 (1817)
= Psora orientalis (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. 65 (1768)
species :
Centaurea oriolii-bolosii
Fern.Casas; Fontqueria 48: 220 (1997 publ. 1998)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
species :
Centaurea ornata
Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 2320 (1803)
Name: Bläuliche Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain (widespread); ?Morocco
11 ger 12 POR SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Acrocentron
Synonyms: hidden
= Acrocentron ornatum Webb; Iter Hisp. 32 (1838)
= Centaurea caerulescens Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 2319 (1803)
= Centaurea collina Asso; Syn. Stirp. Aragon. 127 (1779)
= Centaurea galianoi Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 20: 13 (1988)
= Centaurea incana subsp. ornata (Willd.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 22: 300 (1931)
= Centaurea interrupta Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 227 (1820-34)
= Centaurea ornata f. crocea Cuatrec.; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sèr. Bot. 12: 466 (1929), nom. nud.
= Centaurea ornata f. tenuisecta Cuatrec.; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sèr. Bot. 12: 466 (1929), nom. nud.
= Centaurea ornata subsp. interrupta (Hoffmanns. & Link) Franco; Nova Fl. Portugal 2: 473, 572 (1984)
= Centaurea ornata var. agustisquama Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 15: 69 (1916)
= Centaurea ornata var. galianoi (Fern.Casas & Susanna) Fern.Casas; Fontqueria 48: 221 (1998)
= Centaurea ornata var. interrupta (Hoffmanns. & Link) Cout.; Fl. Portugal 658 (1913)
= Centaurea ornata var. macrocephala Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 147 (1865)
= Colymbada ornata (Willd.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 316 (1972)
species :
Centaurea orphanidea
Heldr. & Sart.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3(3): 73 (1856)
Distribution: C-Greece (Attiki, N-Evvoia, NE-Peloponnisos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Cylindracea
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta orphanidea (Heldr. & Sart.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
species :
Centaurea orumiehensis
Ranjbar & Negaresh; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(4): 239 (2013)
Distribution: Azerbaijan
33 AZE
species :
Centaurea osmaniyensis
Ilcim; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 60(1): 138 (2023)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea ossaea
Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 591 (1898)
Distribution: E-Greece (Mt. Ossa)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea attica subsp. ossaea (Halácsy) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 198 (1976)
species :
Centaurea ouramanica
(Ranjbar & Negaresh) comb.ined.
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus ouramanicus Ranjbar & Negaresh; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(3): 161 (2013)
species :
Centaurea ovina
Pall. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 2292 (1803)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Poland [I]; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Iran (N-Iran)
11 ger pol 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea, ovina agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta ovina (Pall. ex Willd.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 134 (1972)
= Acrolophus ovinus (Pall. ex Willd.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 44 (1961)
= Centaurea intacta Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 2: 705 (1845)
= Centaurea kimeridzei M.Kimer.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 80(2): 76 (1995)
species :
Centaurea oxylepis
(E.Wimm. & Grab.) Hayek; Exsicc. (Herb. Norm.) 1901: no. 4155 (1901)
Distribution: Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Romania
11 CZE POL SLO 13 ROM
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea jacea subvar. oxylepis E.Wimm. & Grab.
= Centaurea macroptilon subsp. oxylepis (E.Wimm. & Grab.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18: 176 (1973)
= Jacea macroptilon subsp. oxylepis (E.Wimm. & Grab.) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 13 (1984)
= Jacea oxylepis (E.Wimm. & Grab.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
species :
Centaurea pabotii
Wagenitz; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 139b: 375, t. 345 (1980)
Distribution: Iran (S-Iran, SW-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea paczoskii
Kotov ex Klokov; Trav. Inst. Bot., Univ. Kharkov, ed. Med. 1: 92, 101 (1936)
Distribution: SC-Ukraine (by west bank of R. Dnepr, near Kherson)
14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea margaritacea subsp. paczoskii (Kotov ex Klokov) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 204 (1976)
species :
Centaurea palanganensis
Ranjbar & Askari; Phytotaxa 361(2): 160 (2018)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea pallescens
Delile; Fl. Eg. 278, t. 49, f. 1 (1813-1814)
subspecies :
subsp. pallescens
Distribution: Norway [I]; France [I]; Egypt (Eastern Desert, Great Southwestern Desert, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, Nile Valley, SE-Egypt); Lebanon (Antilebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); Israel (C-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Asir); Yemen (coastal Hadhramaut, Inner Hadhramaut, N-Inner Yemen)
10 nor 12 fra 20 EGY 34 ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR 35 SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa pallescens (Delile) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 133 (1972)
= Centaurea brevicaulis Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 120 (1849)
variant :
var. australis
Plitmann; Israel J. Bot. 22(1): 59 (1973)
Distribution: Israel
34 ISR
subspecies :
subsp. idumaea
Plitmann; Israel J. Bot. 22(1): 60 (1973)
Distribution: Jordania
34 JOR
subspecies :
subsp. calcitrapella
(Bornm. & Dinsm.) Plitmann; Israel J. Bot. 22(1): 59 (1973)
Distribution: Israel; Sinai peninsula; Jordania
34 ISR JOR SIN
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa calcitrapella (Bornm. & Dinsm.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 143 (1973)
= Centaurea calcitrapella Bornm. & Dinsm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 273 (1921)
subspecies :
subsp. kurnubensis
(Eig) Plitmann; Israel J. Bot. 22(1): 60 (1973)
Distribution: Israel
34 ISR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea calcitrapella subsp. kurnubensis Eig
species :
Centaurea pamphylica
Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 120 (1849)
Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea pangaea
Greuter & Papan.; Bot. Not. 132(4): 471 (1979)
Distribution: NE-Greece (Mt. Pangaion)
13 GRC
species :
Centaurea paniculata
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 912 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. paniculata
Name: Rispen-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Switzerland; NE-Spain (Gerona); France; +Monaco; Corsica; Italy; Australia [I] (South Australia [I], Victoria [I])
11 ger SWI 12 COR FRA MCO SPA 13 ITA 50 aus
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Paniculatae
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta paniculata (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
= Acrolophus mierghii Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 97 (1869)
= Acrolophus paniculatus (L.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 7: 253 (1827)
= Centaurea abrotanifolia Lam.; Encyc. 1: 670 (1783)
= Centaurea gallica Gugler; Centaur. Ungar. (Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungar. vi.) 154 (1907), et Ann. Mus. Nat. Hung. 6: 154 (1908)
= Centaurea hanryi var. catalaunica Sennen; Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.) 1907: no. 302, 425 (1908), nom. nud.
= Centaurea mierghii Jord.; Cat. Grain. Grenob. (1850) 15, et Pugill. 110
= Centaurea ochrolopha var. viridis Sennen & Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 4: 321 (1905)
= Centaurea paniculata subvar. catalaunica Sennen ex Arènes; Mém. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Bot. 1: 189, 195 (1951)
= Centaurea paniculata var. gallica (Gugler) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Italia 2: 730 (1927)
= Centaurea vallesiaca Jord.; Pugill. 111 (1852)
= Cyanus paniculatus (L.) Moench; Methodus [Moench] 561 (1794)
= Jacea paniculata (L.) Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 50 (1779)
= Rhaponticum paniculatum (L.) Scop.; Fl. Carniol. ed. 2, 2: 136 (1771)
= Staebe paniculata (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. 66 (1768)
subspecies :
subsp. esterellensis
(Burnat) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 199 (1976)
Distribution: SE-France (L´Esterel)
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea paniculata var. esterellensis Briq.; Monogr. Centaurées Alpes Marit. 157 (1902)
subspecies :
subsp. oscensis
Pau ex E.López & Devesa; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 67(2): 119 (2010)
Distribution: NE-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea oscensis (Pau ex E.López & Devesa) Raab-Straube & Greuter; Willdenowia 41(2): 314 (2011)
subspecies :
subsp. polycephala
(Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 426 (1879)
Distribution: SE-France
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta polycephala (Jord.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 304 (1977)
= Centaurea paniculata proles polycephala (Jord.) Rouy; Rev. Bot. Syst. Géogr. Bot. 2: 145 (1904)
= Centaurea polycephala Jord.; Obs. Pl. Crit. 5: 67 (1847)
subspecies :
subsp. rigidula
(Jord.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 199 (1976)
Distribution: SE-France
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta rigidula (Jord.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 (1974)
= Acrolophus rigidulus Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 97 (1869)
= Centaurea paniculata proles rigidula (Jord.) Rouy; Rev. Bot. Syst. Géogr. Bot. 2: 145 (1904)
= Centaurea rigidula Jord.; Obs. Pl. Crit. 5: 69 (1847)
species :
Centaurea pannonica
(Heuff.) Simonk.; Math. Term. Közlem. 24: 620 (1891)
Name: Schmalblättrige Wiesen-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Corsica; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Belarus; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea
11 AUT CZE GER HUN LIE POL SLO SWI 12 COR FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR KRY MLD UKR
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Jacea. Often treated as subspecies of C. jacea but recently quite often separated as species.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea amara f. approximata Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 1(1): 84 (1898)
= Centaurea amara subsp. duboisii (Boreau) Berher; Louis, Fl. Vosges, éd. 2: 140 (1887)
= Centaurea amara var. angustifolia (Rchb.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 570 (1838)
= Centaurea amara var. assoi Pau; Not. Bot. Fl. Españ. 6: 67 (1896)
= Centaurea amara var. glabrata DC.; 570 (1838)
= Centaurea amara var. lanuginosa Pau; Not. Bot. Fl. Españ. 6: 67 (1896)
= Centaurea amara var. pannonica Heuff.; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 8: 152 (1858)
= Centaurea amara var. virens Pau; Not. Bot. Fl. Españ. 6: 67 (1896)
= Centaurea angustifolia Schrank; 376 (1789), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea angustifolia subsp. pannonica R.Knapp; 76 (1978), nom. inval.
= Centaurea angustifolia var. compacta J.Becker; 278 (1827)
= Centaurea duboisii Boreau; Fl. Centr. Fr. ed. 3(2): 350 (1857)
= Centaurea jacea proles schrankii Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 118 (1905)
= Centaurea jacea subvar. argyrolepis (Hayek) Hayek; 202 (1919)
= Centaurea jacea f. angustifolia (Rchb.) Fuckel; 182 (1856)
= Centaurea jacea f. glabrata (DC.) Dostál; Domin, 75 (1931)
= Centaurea jacea f. lacera Woerl.; 160 (1885)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. amara (L.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 180 (1894)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. amara (L.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 121 (1905), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia (Rchb.) Gremli; Excursionsfl. Schweiz, Ed. 2: 248 (1874)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. jungens Gugler; Mitt. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 1: 406 (1904)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. lusitanica Hayek; Exsicc. (Centaur. Crit.) 2: no. 87 (1914)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. schrankii (Rouy) P.Fourn.; Fl. Compl. Plaine Franç. 293 (1928)
= Centaurea jacea var. angustifolia Rchb.; 213 (1832)
= Centaurea jacea var. bicolor Peterm.; 475 (1844)
= Centaurea jacea var. decumbens (Dubois) Bluff & Fingerh.; 407 (1825)
= Centaurea jacea var. pannonica (Heuff.) Hayek; 947 (1928)
= Centaurea jungens (Gugler) Gugler; Centaur. Ungar. (Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungar. vi.) 46 (1907)
= Centaurea pannonica (Heuff.) Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: 702 (1901)
= Centaurea platylepis Peterm.; Flora (Regensburg) 27: 475 (1844)
= Cyanus collinus G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.; Oekon. Fl. Wetterau 3: 172 (1801), nom. inval.
= Jacea jungens (Gugler) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 13 (1984)
= Jacea pannonica (Heuff.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
species :
Centaurea panormitana
Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. 2(1): 137 (1903)
subspecies :
subsp. panormitana
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
subspecies :
subsp. aegusae
(Domina, Greuter & Raimondo) Guarino & Pignatti; Fl. Ital. [Pignatti] 4: 923 (2019)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea aegusae Domina, Greuter & Raimondo; Israel J. Pl. Sci. 64(1-2): 51 (2017)
subspecies :
subsp. todaroi
(Lacaita) Greuter; Med-Checkl. (2008)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ucriae subsp. todaroi (Lacaita) Cela Renz. & Viegi; Atti Soc. Tosc. Sci. Nat., Mem., B 89: 130 (1982 publ. 1983)
= Centaurea todaroi Lacaita; Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. s. 22: 245 (1915)
subspecies :
subsp. ucriae
(Lacaita) Greuter; Med-Checkl. (2008)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ucriae Lacaita; Nuov. Giorn. Bot. It, n. s. 22: 244 (1915)
subspecies :
subsp. umbrosa
(Fiori) Greuter; Med-Checkl. (2008)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea cineraria subsp. umbrosa (Fiori) Pignatti; Giorn. Bot. Ital. 113: 366 (1980)
= Centaurea cineraria var. umbrosa Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Italia 2: 726 (1927)
= Centaurea tyrrhena C.Brullo, Brullo & Giusso; Loc. Class. Fl. Italia (Peccenini & Domina) 36 (2011), nom. nov. for C. umbrosa Lacaita
= Centaurea ucriae subsp. umbrosa (Lacaita) Cela Renz. & Viegi; Atti Soc. Tosc. Sci. Nat., Mem., B 89: 128 (1982 publ. 1983)
= Centaurea umbrosa Lacaita; Nuov. Giorn. Bot. It, n. s. 22: 246 (1915)
species :
Centaurea paphlagonica
(Bornm.) Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 206 (1963)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Phaeopappus macrocephalus Freyn & Sint.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 44: 220 (1894), nom. illeg.
= Phaeopappus paphlagonicus Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 59B: 304 (1939)
= Plumosipappus macrocephalus Czerep.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 20: 458 (1960), nom. superfl.
species :
Centaurea papposa
(Coss.) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
Distribution: Algeria; Tunisia
20 ALG TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea gymnocarpa var. papposa Coss.; Notes Pl. Crit. 136 (1851)
species :
Centaurea parilica
Stoj. & Stef.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 72: 92 (1923)
Name: Parlatore-Flockenblume
Distribution: SW-Bulgaria; NE-Greece (Mt. Falakron and surroundings)
13 BUL GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Lepteranthus
Synonyms: hidden
= Jacea parilica (Stoj. & Stef.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 229 (1974)
species :
Centaurea parlatoris
Heldr.; Ann. Accad. Aspir. Nat. (Napoli) 1: 287 (1843)
Distribution: Germany [I]; France; Sicily
11 ger 12 FRA 13 SIC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Dissectae
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea dissecta subsp. parlatoris (Heldr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 425 (1879)
species :
Centaurea parviflora
Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 2: 301 (1799)
Distribution: France [I]; Algeria; Tunisia
12 fra 20 ALG TUN
species :
Centaurea patula
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 583 (1838)
Distribution: Turkey (Central Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea calliacantha Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 1: 32 (1854)
species :
Centaurea paui
Loscos ex Willd.; Illustr. Fl. Hisp. 2: 141, t. 174a (1886); et Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 94 (1892)
Distribution: E-Spain (N of Valencia)
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta paui (Loscos ex Willk.) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 22 (1982)
= Centaurea boissieri subsp. paui (Loscos ex Willk.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 202 (1976)
= Centaurea funkii Pau; Not. Bot. Fl. Españ. 1: 34 (1887)
= Centaurea funkii var. melanolepis Willk.; Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.) 1891: no. 53 (1891), nom. nud.
species :
Centaurea pawlowskii
Phitos & Damboldt; Veröff. Geobot. Inst. ETH Stiftung Rübel 56: 185 (1976)
Distribution: North Macedonia; NW-Greece (Pindos)
13 GRC NMA
species :
Centaurea paxorum
Phitos & T.Georgiadis; Biol. Ecol. Medit. 4(1): 2 (1977 publ. 1978)
Distribution: NW-Greece (Korfu, Gaios Isl.)
13 GRC
species :
Centaurea pectinata
L.; Sp. Pl., ed. 2 [Linnaeus] 1287 (1763)
Name: Kamm-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: NE-Spain; SW- & SC-France
12 FRA SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Lepteranthus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea comata Jord.; Pug. Pl. Nov. 106 (1852)
= Centaurea fuscata Jord.; Pug. Pl. Nov. 105 (1852)
= Centaurea pectinata var. atrofusca Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 135 (1905)
= Centaurea pectinata var. fuscata Gaut.; Cat. Fl. Pyrénées-Orientales 253 (1897)
= Centaurea pectinata var. provincialis Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 135 (1905)
= Centaurea rufescens Jord.; Pug. Pl. Nov. 107 (1852)
= Jacea pectinata (L.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
= Lepteranthus comatus (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 96 (1869)
= Lepteranthus fuscatus (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 96 (1869)
= Lepteranthus pectinatus (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 96 (1869)
= Lepteranthus rufescens (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 96 (1869)
variant :
var. acutifolia
(Jord.) Briq.; Monogr. Centaurees Alpes Mar. 94 (1902)
Distribution: NE-Spain; SC-France
12 FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea acutifolia Jord.; Pugill. 105 (1852)
= Centaurea pectinata subsp. acutifolia (Jord.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 208 (1976)
= Centaurea pectinata var. acutifolia Briq.; Centaur. Alpes Marit. 94 (1902)
= Centaurea pectinata var. thuretii Briq. & Cavill.; Burnat, Fl. Alpes Marit. 7: 127 (1931), nom. illeg.
= Jacea acutifolia (Jord.) Holub; Preslia 46: 229 (1974)
= Lepteranthus acutifolius (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 96 (1869)
variant :
var. supina
(Jord.) Loret & Barrandon; Fl. Montpellier 371 (1876)
Distribution: NE-Spain; S-France
12 FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea pectinata subsp. supina (Jord.) Braun-Blanq.; Cat. Fl. Aigoual 321 (1933)
= Centaurea pectinata subsp. supina (Jord.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 208 (1976)
= Centaurea pectinata var. supiniformis Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 135 (1905)
= Centaurea supina Jord.; Pugill. 108 (1852)
= Centaurea tripontina López-Alvarado, L.Sáez, Filigh., Guardiola & Susanna; Pl. Biosystems 146(Suppl.): 273 (2012)
= Lepteranthus supinus (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 96 (1869)
species :
Centaurea pelia
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 586 (1838)
Distribution: Greece (NC- & C-Greece, Attiki)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Albiflorae
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta pelia (DC.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972), et 12(3): 304 (1977)
= Centaurea pelia var. gerania T.Georgiadis; Contr. Phylogén. Centaurea L. (sect. Acrolophus (Cass.) DC.) en Grèce 59 (1980)
= Centaurea pelia var. trigona T.Georgiadis; Contr. Phylogén. Centaurea L. (sect. Acrolophus (Cass.) DC.) en Grèce 59 (1980)
= Centaurea xanthina Boiss. & Heldr.; Boiss. Fl. Orient. 3: 650 (1875)
species :
Centaurea peltieri
Homrani-Bakali & Susanna; Phytotaxa 523(2): 193 (2021)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
species :
Centaurea pentadactyli
Brullo, Scelsi & Spamp.; Vegetaz. Aspromonte 47 (2001)
Distribution: S-Italy
13 ITA
species :
Centaurea perrottettii
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 598 (1838)
Distribution: Algeria; Mauritania; Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Mali; Benin; Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon; SW-Chad
20 ALG 22 BEN GAM GNB GUI MLI MTN NGA NGR SEN 23 CMN 24 CHA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea sparmannii DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 598 (1838)
species :
Centaurea persica
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 6: 132 (1846)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada persica (Boiss.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7: 316 (1972)
= Centaurea persica var. multijuga Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 60B: 211 (1939)
species :
Centaurea persicus
(Ranjbar & Negaresh) comb.ined.; non Boiss.
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus. Would need a new name if recognized
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus persicus Ranjbar & Negaresh; Biol. Diversity Conservation 5(3): 18 (2012)
species :
Centaurea pestalotii
De Not. ex Ces.; Bibl. It. 91: 348 (1838)
Distribution: N-Italy; Croatia
13 CRO ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta brachtii (Rchb.f.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
= Centaurea alba subsp. pestalottii (De Not.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. 387 (1882)
= Centaurea brachtii Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H. G. L. Reichenbach] 15: 35 (1852)
species :
Centaurea pestalozzae
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 118 (1849)
Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea peucedanifolia
Boiss. & Orph.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 647 (1875)
Distribution: NE-Greece (Mt. Athos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Maculosae
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta peucedanifolia (Boiss. & Orph.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
species :
Centaurea phaeolepis
Coss.; Notes Pl. Crit. 138 (1851)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
species :
Centaurea phalacrica
Brullo, Cambria, Crisafulli, Tavilla & Sciandr.; Phytotaxa 483(1): 19 (2021)
Distribution: NE-Sicily
13 SIC
Remarks: aeolica agg.
species :
Centaurea phlomoides
Boiss. & Hausskn.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 673 (1875)
Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea phrygia
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 910 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. phrygia
Name: Phrygische Flockenblume (DE), Wig knapweed (EN)
Distribution: Denmark; Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Finland; Germany (Baden-Württemberg [I], Bayern [I], Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [I], Sachsen); Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Romania; Bulgaria; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Krasnoyarsk [I], W-Siberia); USA [I] (Florida [I], Illinois [I], Missouri [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Pennsylvania [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], West Virginia [I])
10 DEN FIN nor swe 11 CZE GER POL SLO 13 BUL ROM 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 74 usa 75 usa 78 usa
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Lepteranthus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea austriaca f. brevicaulis Raclaru; An. Univ. Bucuresti, Biol. Veg. 22: 126 (1973), without latin descr. ortype.
= Centaurea austriaca var. capitata W.D.J.Koch; 302 (1843)
= Centaurea austriaca var. flosculosa Lej.; Comp. Fl. Belg. 3: 134 (1836)
= Centaurea austriaca var. fusca W.D.J.Koch; 302 (1843), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea austriaca var. melanocalathia (Borbás) Dostál; Domin, 76 (1931)
= Centaurea austriaca var. pallida W.D.J.Koch; 302 (1843)
= Centaurea austriaca Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 2283 (1803), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea bulgarica Urum. & J.Wagner; Magyar Bot. Lapok 6: 166 (1907)
= Centaurea conglomerata C.A.Mey.; Beitr. Pflanzenk. Russ. Reiches 5: 44 (1846)
= Centaurea elatior (Gaudin) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol 6(3): 653 (1912)
= Centaurea jacea var. plumosa Jess.; Deut. Excursions-Fl. 55 (1879)
= Centaurea leucocephala Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 403 (1866)
= Centaurea moritziana Hegetschw.; Fl Schweiz, 851 (1839)
= Centaurea nervosa Rchb. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 321 (1840), nom. inval.
= Centaurea phrygia subvar. humilior Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 5: 393 (1829)
= Centaurea phrygia subvar. minor Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 5: 393 (1829)
= Centaurea phrygia f. subcapitata Gajic; Glasn. Prir. Muz. Beogradu, B 30: 10 (1975)
= Centaurea phrygia subsp. austriaca (Willd.) Gugler; Cent. Ung. Nationalmus. 90 (1907)
= Centaurea phrygia subsp. brevipennis Celak.; 809 (1881), nom. inval.
= Centaurea phrygia var. ambigua Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 5: 393 (1829)
= Centaurea phrygia var. austriaca (Willd.) Döll; 502 (1843)
= Centaurea phrygia var. elatior Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 5: 392 (1829)
= Centaurea phrygia var. helvetica Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 5: 393 (1829)
= Centaurea phrygia var. ramosa (Rchb.) Hampe; 49 (1836)
= Centaurea phrygia var. uniflora Hampe; 49 (1836), nom. inval.
= Centaurea salicifolia Besser ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 422 (1879)
= Centaurea uniflora var. helvetica (Gaudin) Briq. & Cavill.; Burnat, Fl. Alpes Marit. 7: 134 (1931)
= Cyanus austriacus (Willd.) Baumg.; Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 3: 72 (1817)
= Cyanus phrygius (L.) G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.; Oekon. Fl. Wetterau 3: 173 (1801)
= Cyanus phrygius var. pumilus Baumg.; 72 (1817)
= Cyanus plumosus Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 191 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Cyanus pumilus Baumg.; Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 3: 72 (1817)
= Heraclea phrygia (L.) Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 37 (1762)
= Jacea barbata Delarbre; Fl. Auv. ed. 2, 202 (1800)
= Jacea elatior (Gaudin) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 132 (1972)
= Jacea phrygia (L.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 132 (1972)
= Jacea phrygia subsp. elatior (Gaudin) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 14 (1984)
= Jacea plumosa Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 51 (1779), nom. illeg.
= Lepteranthus hygrometicus Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 26: 65 (1827)
subspecies :
subsp. abbreviata
(K.Koch) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 207 (1976)
Distribution: Ukraine; Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey
14 KRY UKR 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea abbreviata (K.Koch) Hand.-Mazz.; Ann. K.K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 23: 198 (1909)
= Centaurea salicifolia var. abbreviata K.Koch
= Jacea abbreviata (K.Koch) Soják; Cas. Nar Muz. (Prague), 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. abnormis
(Czerep.) Greuter; Willdenowia 35(2): 229 (2005)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus
33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea abnormis Czerep.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 21: 394 (1961)
= Centaurea pseudophrygia subsp. abnormis (Czerep.) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 84(9): 106 (1999)
subspecies :
subsp. alutacea
(Dobrocz.) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
Distribution: Ukraine; Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]
14 KRY UKR 33 GEO NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alutacea Dobrocz.; Ukrayins´k. Bot. Zhurn. 6: No. 2. 74 (1949)
= Centaurea pseudophrygia subsp. alutacea (Dobrocz.) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 84(9): 106 (1999)
= Jacea alutacea (Dobrocz.) Soják; Cas. Nar Muz. (Prague), 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. bosniaca
(Murb.) Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: 748 (1901)
Distribution: Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo
13 BIH CRO KOS SRB
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea bosniaca Murb.; Acta Univ. Lund. 27: 5: 97 (1892)
= Centaurea stenolepis subsp. bosniaca (Murb.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 207 (1976)
= Jacea bosniaca (Murb.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 145 (1973)
subspecies :
subsp. carpatica
(Porcius) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 207 (1976)
Distribution: Romania; Ukraine
13 ROM 14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea carpatica (Porcius) Porcius; Magyar Növényt. Lapok 9: 128 (1885)
= Centaurea carpatica f. humilis Raciaru; Analele Univ. Bucuresti, Biol. Veg. 22: 126 (1973), without latin descr.
= Centaurea plumosa var. carpatica Porcius; Enum. Pl. Phan. Naszód. 34 (1878)
= Jacea carpatica (Porcius) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
= Jacea phrygia subsp. carpatica (Porcius) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 14 (1984)
subspecies :
subsp. melanocalathia
(Borbás) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 207 (1976)
Distribution: Czech Republic; Slovakia; Romania; Ukraine
11 CZE SLO 13 ROM 14 UKR
Remarks: possibly a hybrid C. erdneri x jacea
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea nigriceps Dobrocz.; J. Bot. Acad. Sci. Ukraine 3: No. I-2, 32 (1947)
= Centaurea phrygia subsp. nigriceps (Dobrocz.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 207 (1976)
= Centaurea ×melanocalathia Borbás; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 39: 235 (1889)
= Jacea melanocalathia (Czakó) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 145 (1973)
= Jacea phrygia subsp. melanocalathia (Borbás ex Czakó) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. moesiaca
(Urum. & H.Wagner) Hayek; Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balcan. 2: 789 (1931)
Distribution: Bulgaria
13 BUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea moesiaca Urum. & J.Wagner; Magyar Bot. Lapok 6: 165 (1907)
subspecies :
subsp. rarauensis
(Prodan) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 207 (1976)
Distribution: C-Romania; N-Romania
13 ROM
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea rarauensis Prodan
= Jacea rarauensis (Prodan) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 305 (1977)
subspecies :
subsp. ratezatensis
(Prodan) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 207 (1976)
Distribution: Romania (Mtii. Ratezatalmi)
13 ROM
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea pseudophrygia subsp. ratezatensis (Prodan) Soó; Feddes Repert. 85(7-8): 438 (1974)
= Centaurea ratezatensis Prodan; Bul. Grad. & Muz. Bot. Univ. Cluj 8: 132 (1928 publ. 1929)
= Jacea ratezatensis (Prodan) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 229 (1974)
subspecies :
subsp. salicifolia
(M.Bieb. ex Willd.) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 84(9): 105 (1999)
Distribution: France [I]; Ukraine; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)
12 fra 14 UKR 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea salicifolia M.Bieb. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3(3): 2283 (1803)
= Jacea salicifolia (M.Bieb.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
species :
Centaurea pichleri
Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 638 (1875)
subspecies :
subsp. pichleri
Distribution: Bulgaria; Greece (C-Greece, Evvoia, Attiki, Peloponnisos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
13 BUL GRC 34 TUR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea iconica Hub.-Mor.; Bauhinia 3: 317 (1967)
= Centaurea pichleri var. ancyrensis Bornm.; Feddes Repert. 89: 376 (1944)
= Cyanus pichleri (Boiss.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
subspecies :
subsp. extrarosularis
(Hayek & Siehe) Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 231 (1974)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea extrarosularis Hayek & Siehe; Ann. K.K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 28: 170 (1914)
= Cyanus pichleri subsp. extrarosularis (Hayek & Siehe) Wagenitz & Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
species :
Centaurea pinardii
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 1(4): 17 (1844)
Name: Pinard-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Germany [I]; North Macedonia; Bulgaria; Greece (N- & C-Greece, Evvoia, Attiki, Peloponnisos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
11 ger 13 BUL GRC NMA 34 TUR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea mentiens Czerep.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 20: 397 (1960)
= Cyanus mentiens (Czerep.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
= Cyanus pinardii (Boiss.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 131 (1972)
species :
Centaurea pindicola
Griseb.; Reise Rumel. 2: 164 (1841)
Distribution: North Macedonia; Albania; Greece (mountains of Greek Macedonia and NE-Greece)
13 ALB GRC NMA
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea pindicola (Griseb.) Griseb.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 637 (1875)
= Cyanus pindicola (Griseb.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-41: 131 (1972)
species :
Centaurea pineticola
Iljin; Bull. Jard. Bot. Princ. U.R.S.S. 26: 34 (1927)
Distribution: C-European Russia (SE of Voronel)
14 RUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea margaritacea subsp. pineticola (Iljin) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 204 (1976)
species :
Centaurea pinetorum
Hub.-Mor.; Bauhinia 3: 32 1, t. 26 (1967)
Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea pinnata
Pau ex Vicioso; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 5: 233 (1906)
Distribution: NE-Spain (SW-Zaragoza)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta pinnata (Pau) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 22 (1982)
= Centaurea viciosoi Pau ex Vicioso; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 5: 234 (1906)
= Centaurea viciosoi var. castaneicolor Pau ex Vicioso; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 5: 234 (1906)
species :
Centaurea pinnatifida
Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 405 (1866)
subspecies :
subsp. pinnatifida
Distribution: Romania (S- & E-Carpathians)
13 ROM
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus pinnatifidus (Schur) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 316 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. sooana
(Borhidi) Soó; Feddes Repert. 83: 149 (1972)
Distribution: Romania
13 ROM
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea achtarovii subsp. sooana Borhidi; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Natl. Hung., Ser. 2, 8: 219 (1957)
= Cyanus pinnatifidus subsp. sooanus (Borhidi) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
species :
Centaurea poculatoris
Greuter; Bauhinia 3: 252 (1967)
Distribution: SW-Crete (Aspéndos)
13 KRI
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Arenariae
species :
Centaurea podospermifolia
Loscos & Pardo; Ser. Inconf. 58 (1863)
subspecies :
subsp. podospermifolia
Distribution: NE-Spain (Teruel, Tarragona)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Subsect. Lagascanae
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea dertosensis Costa; Fl. Catal. 141 (1864) ex Nyman, Consp. 429 (1879)
= Centaurea graellsi var. podospermifolia (Loscos & J.Pardo) Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 13: 43 (1914)
= Centaurea lagascana subsp. podospermifolia (Loscos & Pardo) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 196 (1976)
= Colymbada podospermifolia (Loscos & Pardo) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 228 (1974)
subspecies :
subsp. soriana
Patino, Urrutia & J.Valencia; Flora Montiber. 88: 84 (2024)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
species :
Centaurea poeltiana
Puntillo; Flora Medit. 6: 219 (1996)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Centaurea polyacantha
Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 2312 (1803)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya
12 POR SPA 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN
Remarks: Subgen. Seridia
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapoides polyacantha (Willd.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)
= Centaurea hystrix Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 1351 (1845)
= Centaurea polyacantha f. colorata Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 426 (1938)
= Centaurea polyacantha f. pallida Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 426 (1938)
= Centaurea polyacantha var. adpressa Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 20: 27 (1929)
= Centaurea sphaerocephala subsp. polyacantha (Willd.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 203 (1976)
= Centaurea sphaerocephala var. polyacantha (Willd.) Rivas Mart.; Itinera Geobot. 15(2): 699 (2002)
= Seridia polyacantha (Willd.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
species :
Centaurea polyclada
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 584 (1838)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Chios); Turkey (W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
34 EAI TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta polyclada (DC.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 142 (1973)
= Centaurea arenaria d´Urv.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 371 (1822)
species :
Centaurea polyphylla
Ledeb. ex Nordm.; Bull. Sci. Acad. Petersb. 2: 311 (1837)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]
33 GEO NCS
Remarks: Subgen. Grossheimia
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ossica K.Koch; Linnaea 17: 40 (1843)
= Centaurea tuba Sommier & Levier; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 12: 156 (1892)
= Grossheimia helenioides var. tuba (Sommier & Levier) Sosn. & Takht.; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Armyanskoi S.S.R. 3(1): 24 (1945)
= Grossheimia ossica (K.Koch) Sosn. & Takht.; Proc. Acad. Sci. Armen. SSR 3: No. 1, 24 (1945)
= Grossheimia polyphylla (Ledeb.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 145 (1973)
= Phaeopappus ossicus (K.Koch) K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 436 (1851)
species :
Centaurea polypodiifolia
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 6: 126 (1846)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)
33 ARM AZE GEO 34 IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea euphratica Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 6: 125 (1846)
= Centaurea polypodiifolia var. pseudobehen (Boiss.) Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33(2): 229 (1974)
= Centaurea pseudobehen Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 6: 126 (1846)
= Microlophus polypodiifolius (Boiss.) Soják; Novit. Bot. Del. Sem. Horti Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag. 47 (1962)
= Microlophus pseudobehen (Boiss.) Soják; Novit. Bot. Del. Sem. Horti Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag. 47 (1962)
species :
Centaurea pomeliana
Batt.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 35: 389 (1888)
subspecies :
subsp. pomeliana
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta pomeliana (Batt.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
= Centaurea boissieri subsp. pomeliana (Batt. & Trab.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 201 (1976)
subspecies :
subsp. rouxiana
(Maire) Breitw. & Podlech; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 22: 74 (1986)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea boissieri var. rouxiana Maire
species :
Centaurea pontica
Prodan & Nyár.; Prodan, Centaur. Román. 57 (1930)
Distribution: E-Romania (near Sufina)
13 ROM
Remarks: Subgen. Calcitrapa
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa pontica (Prodan & Nyár.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 (1974)
species :
Centaurea postii
Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 688 (1875)
Distribution: Egypt (NE-Egypt); Lebanon (Antilebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (E-Jordania)
20 EGY 34 JOR LEB SIN SYR
species :
Centaurea praecox
Oliv. & Hiern; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 3: 438 (1877)
Distribution: Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Burundi; Chad; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique [I]
22 BEN BKN GHA IVO MLI NGA NGR TOG 23 BUR CAF CMN ZAI 24 CHA ERI ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW moz ZAM ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapoides praecox (Oliv. & Hiern) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)
= Calcitrapoides rhizocephala (Oliv. & Hiern) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973), as ´rhizocephalus´
= Centaurea atacorensis A.Chev.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 61: Mem. 8, 261 (1914 publ. 1917)
= Centaurea goetzeana O.Hoffm.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 441 (1901)
= Centaurea rhizocephala Oliv. & Hiern; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 3: 438 (1877)
= Centaurea tisserantii Philipson; J. Bot. 77: 87 (1939)
species :
Centaurea princeps
Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 6: 111 (1859)
Distribution: C-Greece (Mt. Timfristos, Mt. Kallidromo)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. princeps (Boiss. & Heldr.) Gugler; Centaur. Ungar. Nationalmus. 31 (1907)
species :
Centaurea procurrens
Sieber ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 407 (1826)
subspecies :
subsp. procurrens
Distribution: Turkey; Lebanon (coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria); Israel (coastal W-Israel, C-Israel); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Saudi Arabia
34 ISR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa procurrens (Sieber) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 143 (1973)
= Centaurea procurrens var. araneosa (Boiss.) Wagenitz
subspecies :
subsp. sharonensis
Plitmann; Israel J. Bot. 22(1): 53 (1973)
Distribution: Israel
34 ISR
species :
Centaurea prolongi
Boiss. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 7(1): 303 (1838), also as ´prolongoi´
Distribution: S-Spain (Granada, Malaga)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Orientales
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada prolongoi (Boiss.) Holub; Preslia 46: 228 (1974)
species :
Centaurea promota
(E.Gamal-Eldin & Wagenitz) Strid; Phytol. Balcan. 25(2): 222 (2019)
Distribution: NW-Greece (Pindos to Mt. Timfristos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Lepteranthus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea nervosa subsp. promota E.Gamal-Eldin & Wagenitz; Mountain Fl. Greece [Strid] 2: 513 (1991)
species :
Centaurea protogerberi
Klokov; Trav. Inst. Bot. Univ. Charkov, ed. Med. 1: 89, 102 (1936)
Distribution: S-European Russia; E-Ukraine (by R. Donets)
14 RUS UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea margaritacea subsp. protogerberi (Klokov) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 204 (1976)
species :
Centaurea protomargaritacea
Klokov; Trav. Inst. Bot. Univ. Charkov, ed. Med. 1: 81, 102 (1936)
Distribution: S-Ukraine (E-side of estuary of River Bug)
14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea margaritacea subsp. protomargaritacea (Klokov) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 204 (1976)
species :
Centaurea pseudoaxillaris
Stef. & Georgiev; Spic. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 44: pp. 133-93 (1931)
Distribution: S-Bulgaria
13 BUL
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus napuliferus subsp. pseudoaxillaris (Stef. & Georgiev) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 209 (1976)
= Cyanus pseudoaxillaris (Stef. & Georg.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 145 (1973)
species :
Centaurea pseudobovina
Hayek ex Stoyanov & Stef.; Fl. Bulg. (Ann. Arch. Bulg. v.), in clavi, 1173, 1185 (1925), et ex Hayek, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30(2): 758 (1931), descr. latine.
Distribution: N-Bulgaria
13 BUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta pseudobovina (Stoj. & Stef.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 304 (1977)
= Centaurea rutifolia subsp. pseudobovina (Hayek) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 196 (1976)
species :
Centaurea pseudocadmea
Wagenitz; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 75: 244 (1971 publ. 1972)
Distribution: E-Greece (NW of Athinai, SE-Peloponnisos)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea deustiformis subsp. pseudocadmea (Wagenitz) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 206 (1976)
species :
Centaurea pseudocineraria
(Fiori) Rouy; Rev. Bot. Syst. Geogr. Bot. 2: 140 (1904)
Distribution: France; Italy
12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta pseudocineraria (Fiori) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
= Centaurea leucophaea subsp. controversa (Briq. & Cavill.) Kerguélen; Lejeunia, 120: 65 (1987)
= Centaurea leucophaea subsp. pseudocoerulescens (Briq.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 200 (1976)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. controversa Briq. & Cavill.; Burnat, Fl. Alpes Marit. 7: 182 (1931)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. pseudocineraria (Fiori) Arènes; Mém. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Bot. 1: 211 (1951)
= Centaurea paniculata var. pseudocineraria Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia 3: 338 (1904)
= Centaurea paniculata var. pseudocoerulescens Briq.; Monogr. Centaurées Alpes Marit. 148 (1902)
species :
Centaurea pseudodegeniana
Prodan; Anal. Acad. Rep. Pop. Románe 3(18): 682 (1950)
Distribution: Romania
13 ROM
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea
species :
Centaurea pseudokotschyi
Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 220 (1974)
Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea pseudoleucolepis
Kleopow; Bull. Jard. Bot. Kieff 4: 20 (1926)
Distribution: SE-Ukraine (Volodarskoe, NW of Zdanov)
14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea margaritacea subsp. pseudoleucolepis (Kleopow) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 204 (1976)
species :
Centaurea pseudomaculosa
Dobrocz; Ukrayins´k. Bot. Zhurn. 6: No. 2, 73 (1949)
Distribution: S-European Russia; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Chita [I], W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Khabarovsk [I], Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus
14 BLR KRY MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta pseudomaculosa (Dobrocz.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 134 (1972)
= Centaurea rhenana subsp. pseudomaculosa (Dobrocz.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 200 (1976)
species :
Centaurea pseudomagocsyana
Prodan; Analele Acad. Republ. Populare Romane, Ser. BIol. 3: 689 (1950)
Distribution: Romania
13 ROM
species :
Centaurea pseudophrygia
C.A.Mey.; Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Petersb. 6: 134 (1845)
Name: Perücken-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Denmark; Norway; Germany (Brandenburg [I], Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Schleswig-Holstein [I], Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; N-Greece (very rare near border); S-European Russia; Estonia; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine
10 DEN NOR 11 AUT CZE GER HUN POL SLO SWI 13 BIH CRO GRC ITA KOS ROM SLV SRB 14 EST MLD RUS UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea elatior (Gaudin) Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: (Cent.-Art. Österr.-Ung. 153)737 (1901), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea jacea var. semiplumosa Jess.; Deut. Excursions-Fl. 55 (1879)
= Centaurea phrygia f. cinnamomea (Bornm.) Hegi; 960 (1928)
= Centaurea phrygia subsp. cirrhata (Rchb.) Celak.; 809 (1881)
= Centaurea phrygia subsp. pseudophrygia (C.A.Mey.) Gugler; Mitt. Bayer. 408 (1904)
= Centaurea phrygia var. capitata W.D.J.Koch; 302 (1843)
= Centaurea phrygia var. cinnamomea (Bornm.) Murr; 335 (1924)
= Centaurea phrygia var. pallida W.D.J.Koch; 302 (1843)
= Centaurea pseudophrygia var. cinnamomea Bornm.; 38 (1895)
= Centaurea uniflora subsp. pseudophrygia (C.A.Mey.) Bonnier; Bonnier & R. C. V. Douin, 45 (1923)
= Jacea pseudophrygia (C.A.Mey.) Holub; Preslia 37: 102 (1965)
species :
Centaurea pseudoreflexa
Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12(nos. 312-316): 124 (1913)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea pseudoscabiosa
Boiss. & Buhse; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 12: 131 (1860)
subspecies :
subsp. pseudoscabiosa
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iran (EC-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)
33 ARM AZE NCS 34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea scabiosa subsp. pseudoscabiosa (Boiss. & Buhse) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 85(3): 117 (2000)
= Centaurea pseudoscabiosa subsp. armata Wagenitz; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 139b: 399 (1980)
= Colymbada pseudoscabiosa (Boiss. & Buhse) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
subspecies :
subsp. araratica
(Azn.) Wagenitz; Willdenowia 6(3): 501 (1972)
Distribution: Armenia; Turkey
33 ARM 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea araratica Azn.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 17: 15 (1918 publ. 1919)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. araratica (Azn.) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 85(3): 117 (2000)
= Colymbada araratica (Azn.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 143 (1973)
subspecies :
subsp. glehnii
(Trautv.) Wagenitz; Willdenowia 6(3): 500 (1972)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey
33 ARM AZE GEO 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea glehnii Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4: 382 (1876)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. glehnii (Trautv.) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 85(3): 117 (2000)
= Colymbada glehnii (Trautv.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
subspecies :
subsp. ossetica
(Sosn.) Gabrieljan; Fl. Armen. 9: 416 (1995)
Distribution: Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan)
14 KRY 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ossethica Sosn.; Fl. URSS 28: 505, 614 (1963)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. ossethica (Sosn.) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 85(3): 117 (2000)
subspecies :
subsp. sipirokensis
(Bornm.) Ertugrul & Uysal; Bagbahce Bilim Derg. 8(3): 58 (2021)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea pseudoscabiosa var. sipirokensis Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 89: 381 (1944)
species :
Centaurea pseudosinaica
Czerep.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. 20: 392 (1960)
Distribution: Iraq; Iran (S-Iran); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, Dahana, NE-Saudi Arabia, Nejd Desert, Asir); Kuwait; United Arab Emirates; Oman (Dhofar, Mascat & Oman); Yemen (N-Inner Yemen, W-Yemen)
34 IRN IRQ 35 KUW OMA SAU UAE YEM
variant :
var. niebuhrii
Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41(3): 459 (1984)
Distribution: Oman; Yemen
35 OMA YEM
species :
Centaurea psilacantha
Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3(3): 82 (1856)
Distribution: C-Greece (mountains)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Carduiformes
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada psilacantha (Boiss. & Heldr.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
species :
Centaurea ptarmicifolia
Halácsy ex Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30(2): 781 (1931)
Distribution: NW-Greece (Pindos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea deusta var. epirotica Bald.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 6: 181 (1899)
= Centaurea deustiformis subsp. ptarmicifolia (Halácsy ex Hayek) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 205 (1976)
= Centaurea epirotica (Bald.) Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 2: 134 (1902)
= Centaurea ptarmicoides Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 2: 583 (1902), nom. inval.
species :
Centaurea pterocaula
Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 2: 552 (1873)
subspecies :
subsp. pterocaula
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)
33 ARM AZE 34 IRN TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Chartolepis
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea lyrata Aiton; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 486 (1807)
= Chartolepis lyrata Boiss. & Hausskn.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 696 (1875)
= Chartolepis pterocaula (Trautv.) Czerep.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 20: 463 (1960)
subspecies :
subsp. iranica
Wagenitz; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 139b: 354 (1980)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea ptosimopappa
Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: 590 (1901)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia); Syria (coastal W-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains)
34 SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea bracteata (Boiss.) Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. 2: 481 (1873)
= Petrodavisia bracteata (Boiss.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 10(2): 194 (1975)
= Ptosimopappus bracteatus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 613 (1875)
= Ptosimopappus bracteatus var. tomentosus Nahal & Mouterde; Saussurea 4: 24 (1973)
species :
Centaurea ptosimopappoides
Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 225 (1974)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea pubescens
Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 2322 (1803)
subspecies :
subsp. pubescens
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
20 ALG MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa pubescens Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
= Centaurea abdelkaderi Sennen; Pl. d´Esp. No. 8834, Maire, Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 26: 215 (1935)
= Centaurea incana Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 2: 301 (1799), non Lag. nec Ten.
= Centaurea incana subsp. pubescens (Willd.) Maire
= Centaurea incana var. littoralis Batt.
= Centaurea rupicola Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 31 (1874)
= Centaurea tenoreana Willk. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 420 (1879)
= Colymbada incana (Desf.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
= Menomphalus pubescens Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 33 (1874)
= Menomphalus rupicola Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 33 (1874)
subspecies :
subsp. amourensis
(Pomel) Batt.; Fl. Alger., Dicot. 497 (1889)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; ?Tunisia
20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea amourensis Pomel; Bull. Soc. Sci. Phys. Algérie 11: 30 (1874)
= Centaurea fatoui Gómiz; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 60: 224 (2003)
= Menomphalus amourensis (Pomel) Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 33 (1874)
subspecies :
subsp. omphalotricha
Batt.; Fl. Alger., Dicot. 497 (1889)
Distribution: Algeria; Tunisia
20 ALG TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea omphalotricha (Batt.) ex Batt. & Trab.; Fl. de l´Alger. [Dicot.] 497 (1889)
= Colymbada omphalotricha (Batt.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 304 (1977)
subspecies :
subsp. saharae
(Pomel) Dobignard; Index Syn. Fl. Afrique N. 2: 221 (2011)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea saharae Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 30 (1874)
= Menomphalus saharae (Pomel) Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 33 (1874)
species :
Centaurea pugioniformis
Nyár.; Borbásia Nova 19: 5 (1943)
Distribution: Romania
13 ROM
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea
Synonyms: hidden
= Jacea pugioniformis (Nyár.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
species :
Centaurea pulchella
Ledeb.; Ic. Fl. Ross. 1: 22, t 93 (1829)
Distribution: S-European Russia; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (Central Anatolia, E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Wakhan, Baghlan, Bamyan, Herat, Kabul, Wardak, Orozgan / Daykundi Paktia / Khost, Parwan); China (Xinjiang); Mongolia
14 RUS 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO 34 AFG IRN TUR 36 CHI 37 MON
Remarks: Subgen. Hyalea
Synonyms: hidden
= Catananche caerulea Georgi; Beschr. Nation. Russ. Reich 3(4): 1217 (1779), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea filiformis M.Bieb. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 566 (1838)
= Centaurea hyalina L´Hér. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 566 (1838)
= Centaurea pulchella var. viminea (Less.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 566 (1837)
= Centaurea viminea Less.; Linnaea 6: 83-84 (1831)
= Eremopappus pulchellus (Ledeb.) Takht.; Proc. Acad. Sci. Armen. SSR 2(1): 26 (1945)
= Hyalea pulchella (Ledeb.) K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 422 (1851)
species :
Centaurea pullata
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 911 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. pullata
Name: Bräunliche Flockenblume
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; France; Italy; Malta; European Turkey; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Egypt [I] (NW-coastal Egypt [I])
12 FRA GIB POR SPA 13 ITA MLT TUE 20 ALG egy MOR TUN
Remarks: Subgen. Melanoloma
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea claryi Debeaux; Soc. hist. nat. Toulouse (1889) ex Batt. & Trab. Fl. de l´Algerie (Dicot.) 496 (1889)
= Centaurea dubia Krock.; Fl. Siles., Suppl. 2: 331 (1823)
= Centaurea humilis Schrank; Baier. Fl. 2: 376 (1789)
= Centaurea pullata f. albiflora Font Quer; Exsicc. (Iter Marocc.): no. 422 (1928)
= Centaurea pullata subsp. claryi (Debeaux) Batt.; (1889)
= Centaurea pullata var. albiflora (Font Quer) Dobignard; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 28: 61 (2004)
= Centaurea pullata var. minor Ball; (1878)
= Centaurea pullata var. zatii Maubert; (1982)
= Cyanus pullatus Gaertn.; Fruct. 2: 383 (1791)
= Melanoloma excelsior Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2 [F. Cuvier] 29: 473 (1823)
= Melanoloma humilis (Schrank) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 29: 473 (1823)
= Melanoloma pullata (L.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 29: 473 (1823)
= Melanoloma pullata var. leucoloma Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 161 (1865)
= Melanoloma pullatum (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 96 (1869)
= Seridia pullata (L.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
subspecies :
subsp. baetica
Talavera; Lagascalia 12(2): 274 (1984)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Morocco
12 POR SPA 20 MOR
subspecies :
subsp. discolor
(Maire) Mathez; Nat. Monspel., Bot. 56: 167 (1992)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea involucrata var. discolor Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 21: 305 (1933)
= Centaurea pullata var. discolor (Maire) Dobignard; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 28: 61 (2004)
species :
Centaurea pulvinata
(Blanca) Blanca; Lazaroa 6: 173 (1984 publ. 1985)
Distribution: SE-Spain (Sa. de Baza, Sa. de Los Filabres, Sa. Nevada)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea boissieri var. macracantha Font Quer; Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 25: 101 (1925)
= Centaurea sagredoi subsp. pulvinata Blanca; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 36: 145 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Centaurea pungens
Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 29 (1874)
subspecies :
subsp. pungens
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Mauritania
20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 22 MTN
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa pungens (Pomel) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 143 (1973)
= Centaurea macracantha Coss. & Durieu ex Batt. &Trab.; Fl. de l´Alger. (Dicot.) 501 (1889)
= Centaurea pungens f. alobyphylla Pau; Bol. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 21: 201 (1921)
subspecies :
subsp. austromaroccana
Förther & Podlech; Sendtnera 7: 89 (2001)
Distribution: Morocco; Mauritania
20 MOR 22 MTN
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea austromaroccana (Förther & Podlech) Gómiz; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 61: 208 (2004)
species :
Centaurea radichii
Plazibat; Not. Croat., 9(Suppl. 1): 79 (2000), nom. nov.
Distribution: Croatia
13 CRO
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Pannophyllum, cuspidata agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea cuspidata subsp. elegantissima Radic; Pavletic et al., Zborn. Rob. Visianija Sibenc. 419 (1983)
species :
Centaurea ragusina
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 912 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. ragusina
Distribution: Italy; S-Croatia (mainly on the islands)
13 CRO ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Carduiformes
Synonyms: hidden
= Acrolophus ragusinus (L.) Webb ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 23 (1840)
= Centaurea tomentosa Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 207 (1796)
= Colymbada ragusina (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 316 (1972)
= Cyanus ragusinus (L.) Gaertn.; Fruct. 2: 383 (1791)
= Cyanus rotundatus Moench; Methodus [Moench] 561 (1794)
= Jacea ragusina (L.) Lam. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 795 (1840)
= Staebe ragusina (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. 66 (1768)
subspecies :
subsp. lungensis
(Ginzb.) Hayek; Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balcan. 2: 756 (1931)
Distribution: France [I]; S-Croatia (island of Dagi & adjacent islets)
12 fra 13 CRO
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea lungensis Ginzb.; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 66: 463 (1916)
species :
Centaurea rahiminejadii
Negaresh; Nordic J. Bot. 34(1): 16 (2015)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea raimondoi
Bancheva & Kaya; Fl. Medit. 25(Special Issue): 306, figs. 1-5 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus raimondoi (Bancheva & Kaya) Negaresh; Candollea 73(1): 102 (2018)
species :
Centaurea raphanina
Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 2: 205 (1813)
subspecies :
subsp. raphanina
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Siros etc.); Crete (widespread); East Aegaean Isl. (Karpathos, Kasos)
13 GRC KRI 34 EAI
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Rhizanthae
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea carduncella DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 591 (1838)
= Centaurea eriopoda Rech.f.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 13 (1934)
= Centaurea nana Sieber; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 675 (1875)
= Centaurea pumila d´Urv.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 374 (1822)
= Centaurea raphanina f. interdicta Greuter; Candollea 31(2): 229 (1976)
= Centaurea raphanina subsp. saxatilis (K.Koch) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
= Centaurea saxatilis (K.Koch) B.D.Jacks.; Index Kew. 1: 476 (1893)
= Centaurium saxatile K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 419 (1851)
= Colymbada raphanina (Sm.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 228 (1974)
= Phaeopappus saxatilis (K.Koch) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 602 (1875)
subspecies :
subsp. mixta
(DC.) Runemark; Bot. Not. 120: 175 (1967)
Distribution: Greece (Evvoia, Attiki, Peloponnisos, widespread on Kiklades and Sporades); East Aegaean Isl. (Ikaria)
13 GRC 34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea hellenica Boiss. & Spruner; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 6: 131 (1846)
= Centaurea hellenica f. intermedia Heldr.; Exsicc. (Herb. Graec. Norm.) 1889: no. 1047b (1889)
= Centaurea mixta DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 594 (1838)
= Centaurea pumila Spruner ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 430 (1879)
= Centaurea raphanina Spruner ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 430 (1879) non Sibth. & Sm. 1813
= Colymbada mixta (DC.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
species :
Centaurea ravansarensis
Ranjbar & Negaresh; Nordic J. Bot. 31(4): 432 (2013)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea rechingeri
Phitos; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 67: 165 (1964)
Distribution: Greece (Sporades, Skiros); East Aegaean Isl. (Samos)
13 GRC 34 EAI
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Carduiformes
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea scyria Runemark; Bot. Not. 120: 166 (1967)
= Colymbada rechingeri (Phitos) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 304 (1977)
= Colymbada scyria (Runemark) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
species :
Centaurea redempta
Heldr.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 37: 243 (1890)
subspecies :
subsp. redempta
Distribution: W-Crete
13 KRI
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Carduiformes
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada redempta (Heldr.) Holub; Fol. Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 316 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. cytherea
(Rech.f.) Routsi & T.Georgiadis; Nordic J. Bot. 14(4): 377 (1994)
Distribution: S-Greece (Kithira, Ion Isl.)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea cytherea Rech.f.; Boissiera 13: 149 (1967)
= Colymbada cytherea (Rech.f.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 304 (1977)
species :
Centaurea reducta
Wagenitz; Candollea 36: 3, f. 2 (1981)
Distribution: Lebanon (coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, NW-Syria)
34 LEB SYR
species :
Centaurea reflexa
Lam.; Encyc. 1: 675 (1783)
subspecies :
subsp. reflexa
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey
33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa reflexa (Lam.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
= Centaurea hispida DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 589 (1838)
= Colymbada reflexa (Lam.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 316 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. sosnowskyi
(Grossh.) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 85(3): 116 (2000)
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)
33 ARM AZE 34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea sosnowskyi Grossh.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33 2: 246 (1927)
= Colymbada sosnowskyi (Grossh.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
species :
Centaurea regia
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 6: 135 (1846)
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (W-Iran); Syria (Jazira)
34 IRN IRQ SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynaroides regia (Boiss.) Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung., 19(1 -4): 77 (1973)
= Centaurea cardunculus Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 6: 135 (1846) (non Pall. (1771))
variant :
var. longispinosa
Negaresh; Phytotaxa 363(1): 96 (2018)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
variant :
var. purpurea
Negaresh; Phytotaxa 363(1): 96 (2018)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
variant :
var. cynarocephala
(Wagenitz) Negaresh; Phytotaxa 363(1): 91 (2018)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea cynarocephala Wagenitz; Willdenowia 2: 477 (1960)
= Centaurea regia subsp. cynarocephala (Wagenitz) Wagenitz; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 139b: 365 (1980)
= Centaurea regia subsp. javanroudensis Ranjbar & Negaresh; Biol. Diversity Conservation 5(1): 6 (2012)
species :
Centaurea reichenbachii
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 583 (1838)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Bulgaria
13 BUL KOS ROM SRB
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Maculosae
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta calvescens (Pancic) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 313 (1972)
= Acosta reichenbachioides (Hayek) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
= Centaurea arenaria Rchb.; Pl. Crit. 5: 26, t. 443, f. 634 (1827) non M. Bieb. 1808
= Centaurea biebersteinii Schur; Verh. Siebenb. Ver. Naturf. 75 (1859)
= Centaurea calvescens Pancic; Fl. Princ. Serb. 442 (1874), in clavi
= Centaurea dacica Borza; Bul. Inform. Grad. Bot. Univ. Cluj 1: 23 (1921)
= Centaurea reichenbachioides Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: 667 (1901)
species :
Centaurea resupinata
Coss.; Notes Pl. Crit. 114 (1851)
subspecies :
subsp. resupinata
Distribution: SE-Spain; Morocco; Algeria
12 SPA 20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta lagascae (Nyman) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 303 (1977)
= Acosta resupinata (Coss.) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 22 (1982)
= Acosta resupinata subsp. lagascae (Nyman) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 22 (1982)
= Acosta resupinata subsp. spachii (Sch.Bip. ex Willk.) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 23 (1982)
= Acosta spachii (Willk.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 143 (1973)
= Centaurea angulosa Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 26. 26 (1874)
= Centaurea boissieri subsp. lagascae (Nyman) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 92 (1987 publ. (1988)
= Centaurea boissieri subsp. resupinata (Coss.) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 201 (1975 publ. 1976)
= Centaurea boissieri subsp. spachii (Sch.Bip. ex Willk.) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 202 (1975 publ. 1976)
= Centaurea dufourii subsp. lagascae (Nyman) Blanca; Lagascalia 10(2): 161 (1982)
= Centaurea dufourii subsp. resupinata (Coss.) Blanca; Lagascalia 10(2): 164 (1982)
= Centaurea dufourii subsp. spachii (Sch.Bip. ex Willk.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 202 (1976)
= Centaurea incana Lag.; Gen. et Sp. Nov. 32 (1816) non Ten., non Desf.
= Centaurea lagascae Nyman; Syll. 33 (1854 publ. 1855)
= Centaurea polyphylla Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 281 (1875), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea resupinata subsp. lagascae (Nyman) Breitw. & Podlech; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 22: 90 (1986), isonym:
= Centaurea resupinata subsp. lagascae (Nyman) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 1: 4 (1982)
= Centaurea resupinata subsp. spachii (Sch.Bip. ex Willk.) Breitw. & Podlech; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 22: 82 (1986), isonym
= Centaurea resupinata subsp. spachii (Sch.Bip. ex Willk.) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 1: 4 (1982)
= Centaurea setabensis Coincy; J. Bot. [Morot] 13: 332 (1899)
= Centaurea spachii Sch.Bip. ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 154 (1865)
= Centaurea spachii subsp. lagascae (Nyman) Figuerola, Peris & Stübing; Feddes Repert. 102(1-2): 3 (1991)
= Centaurea spachii subsp. resupinata (Coss.) Figuerola, Peris & Stübing; Feddes Repert. 102(1-2): 4 (1991)
= Centaurea tenuifolia subsp. spachii (Willk.) Emb. & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 31: 26 (1940)
subspecies :
subsp. dufourii
(Dostál) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
Distribution: E-Spain (S-Valencia); Morocco
12 SPA 20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea boissieri subsp. dufourii Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 201 (1975 publ. 1976)
= Centaurea boissieri var. dufourii (Dostál) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 92 (1987 publ. (1988)
= Centaurea boissieri var. humilis (Pau) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 92 (1987 publ. 1988)
= Centaurea dufourii (Dostál) Blanca; Lagascalia 10(2): 154 (1982)
= Centaurea dufourii var. humilis (Pau) Blanca; Lagascalia 10(2): 160 (1982)
= Centaurea incana Loscos & J.Pardo; Ser. Inconf. Pl. Aragon. 59 (1863), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea setabensis subsp. humilis (Pau) Mateo & M.B.Crespo; Fl. Montiberica 58: 24 (2014)
= Centaurea spachii var. humilis Pau; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 27: 435 (1898)
= Centaurea tenuifolia Dufour; Ann. Sci. Gen. Phys. 2: (1820) 303 non Salisb.
subspecies :
subsp. rifana
(Emb. & Maire) Breitw. & Podlech; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 22: 87 (1986)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta resupinata subsp. degenii (Sennen) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 22 (1982)
= Centaurea degenii Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. 194 (1936) ex Maire, Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 27: 237 (1936)
= Centaurea dufourii subsp. rifana (Emb. & Maire) Blanca; Lagascalia 10(2): 165 (1982)
= Centaurea resupinata subsp. degenii (Sennen) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 1: 4 (1982)
= Centaurea rifana Emb. & Maire ex Sennen & Mauricio; Cat. Fl. Rif Orient. 65 (1933), pro syn.
= Centaurea spachii subsp. rifana (Emb. & Maire) Figuerola, Peris & Stübing; Feddes Repert. 102(1-2): 4 (1991)
= Centaurea spachii var. rifana Maire
subspecies :
subsp. simulans
(Emb. & Maire) Breitw. & Podlech; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 22: 85 (1986)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea dissecta var. perplexans Emb. & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 27: 237 (1936)
= Centaurea monticola subsp. perplexans (Emb. & Maire) Ibn Tattou; Bocconea 8: 29 (1998)
= Centaurea spachii var. simulans Emb. & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 31: 26 (1940)
subspecies :
subsp. virens
(Pau) Ferrer, Roselló, A.Navarro, Peris, Gómez Nav., A.Guillén & E.Laguna; Fl. Montiberica 53: 76 (2012)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea incana var. virens Pau; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 27: 435 (1898)
subspecies :
subsp. vulnerariifolia
(Pomel) Breitw. & Podlech; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 22: 79 (1986)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea vulnerariifolia Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 26 (1874)
species :
Centaurea reuteriana
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 4: 18 (1844)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
34 EAI TUR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ermenekensis Sirin & Uysal; Medit. Bot. 41(2): 176 (2020)
= Centaurea lanigera subsp. reuteriana (Boiss.) Dostál; Preslia 10: 68 (1931)
= Centaurea reuteriana var. phrygia Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2. 24(2): 474 (1909)
= Cyanus ermenekensis (Sirin & Uysal) Raab-Straube & Greuter; Willdenowia 51(1): 145 (2021)
= Cyanus reuterianus (Boiss.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 145 (1973), as ´reuterianus´
= Cyanus reuterianus var. phrygius (Bornm.) Negaresh; Phytotaxa 531(1): 30 (2022)
species :
Centaurea rhaetica
Moritzi; Neue Denkschr. Schweiz. Ges. Naturw. 3: 81 (1839)
Name: Rätische Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Switzerland; N-Italy
11 ger SWI 13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Lepteranthus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea austriaca subsp. rhaetica (Moritzi) Ces.; Car. Catt., 302 (1844)
species :
Centaurea rhizantha
C.A.Mey.; Verz. Pfl. Caucasus 64 (1831)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)
32 TKM 33 ARM AZE GEO 34 IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea glaucescens Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 1: 31 (1854)
= Centaurea grossheimii Sosn.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 34: 288 (1949)
= Centaurea rhizanthoides Tzvelev; Fl. URSS 28: 568, 620 (1963)
= Centaurea sessilis var. pinnatiloba Rech.f.; Symb. Bot. Upsal. 11(5): 33 (1952)
species :
Centaurea rhizocalathium
(K.Koch) Tchich.; Asie Min. Bot. 2: 309 (1860)
Distribution: Armenia; Turkey (NE-Anatolia)
33 ARM 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium rhizocalathium K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 417 (1851)
= Centaurea taraxacifolia Boiss.; Tchich. Asie Min. Bot. 2: 321 (1860)
= Centaurea rhizocalathium (K.Koch) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 675 (1875)
species :
Centaurea rigida
Banks & Sol.; Russ., Nat. Hist. Aleppo ed. 2, 2: 263 (1794)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)
34 IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa rigida (Banks & Sol.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. 218 (1826)
= Centaurea myriocephala Sch.Bip.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 682 (1875)
= Centaurea myriocephala var. erythracantha Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 372 (1928)
= Centaurea myriocephala var. schizophylla (Nábelek) Nábelek; Spisy Prír. Fak. Masarykovy Univ. 105: 47 (1929)
= Centaurea rigida f. schizophylla (Nábelek) Blakelock; Kew Bull. 4: 4 (1949)
= Centaurea rigida var. erythracantha (Bornm.) Blakelock; Kew Bull. 4: 48 (1949)
= Centaurea rigida var. schizophylla (Nábelek) Wagenitz; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 139b: 377 (1980)
= Centaurea russeliana H.Buek; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle], Index 2: p. vi (1840)
= Centaurea schizophylla Nábelek; Publ. Fac. Sci. Univ. Masaryk, Brno. No. 52, 42 (1925), et in Publ. Fac. Sci. Univ. Masaryk, Brno. No. 105, 47 (1929)
species :
Centaurea ropalon
Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 25 (1874)
Distribution: Algeria; Tunisia
20 ALG TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Jacea ropalon (Pomel) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 145 (1973)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. ropalon (Pomel) Maire
= Centaurea amara subsp. ropalon (Pomel) Arènes
species :
Centaurea rouyi
Coincy; J. Bot. [Morot] 3(5): 165 (1899)
Distribution: E-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta rouyi (Coincy) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 23 (1982)
= Centaurea boissieri f. tenuiloba Freyn; Iter III Hispanicum 420 (1891), nom. nud.
= Centaurea boissieri subsp. rouyi (Coincy) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17: 92 (1988)
= Centaurea boissieri var. macrocephala (Blanca) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 93 (1987 publ. 1988)
= Centaurea boissieri var. rouyi (Coincy) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 92 (1987 publ. 1988)
= Centaurea prostrata var. decumbens Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 31: 43 (1884)
= Centaurea rouyi var. macrocephala Blanca; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 38(1): 75 (1981)
variant :
var. segariensis
(Figuerola, Peris & Stübing) Rivas Mart. & M.J.Costa; Itinera Geobot. 15(2): 699 (2002)
Distribution: E-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea boissieri var. segariensis (Figuerola, Peris & Stübing) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Fl. Paisos Catalans 3: 934 (1995)
= Centaurea segariensis Figuerola, Peris & Stübing; Feddes Repert. 102(1-2): 4 (1991)
variant :
var. suffrutescens
Blanca; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 38(1): 76 (1981)
Distribution: E-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea boissieri var. suffrutescens (Blanca) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 93 (1987 publ. 1988)
= Centaurea rouyi subsp. suffrutescens (Blanca) Mateo & M.B.Crespo; Fl. Montiberica 41: 31 (2009)
species :
Centaurea rufidula
Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 103 (1923)
Distribution: S-North Macedonia (NW of Dojran)
13 NMA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Cylindracea
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta rufidula (Bornm.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 (1974)
species :
Centaurea rumelica
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3(3): 78 (1856)
Distribution: North Macedonia; SE-Romania; Bulgaria
13 BUL NMA ROM
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Acrocentron
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada rumelica (Boiss.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
= Centaurea popovici-hatzegi Prodan; Magyar Bot. Lapok 11: 267 (1912)
species :
Centaurea rupestris
L.; Sp. Pl., ed. 2 [Linnaeus] 1298 (1763)
Name: Felsen-Flockenblume
Distribution: Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro
13 BIH CRO ITA MNT SLV
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Acroptilon
Synonyms: hidden
= Acrocentron tenuifolium Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2 [F. Cuvier] 50: 254 (1827)
= Calcitrapa rupestris (L.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
= Centaurea argentea Friv. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 429 (1879)
= Centaurea collina Scop. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 429 (1879)
= Centaurea saxatilis Bertol. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 429 (1879)
= Centaurea variabilis Bartl.; Bartl. & H. L. Wendl., Beitr. Bot. 2: 114 (1825) ex Steud., Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 323 (1840)
= Centaurea vranjana Adamovic ex Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30(2): 754 (1931)
= Colymbada rupestris (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 316 (1972)
species :
Centaurea rutifolia
Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 2: 205 (1813)
Distribution: Greece (Mt. Athos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Pannophyllum
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta pannosa (DC.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
= Acosta rutifolia (Sm.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
= Centaurea cineraria d´Urv.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 371 (1822) (non L.)
= Centaurea pannosa DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 582 (1838)
= Centaurea rutifolia Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 642 (1875)
species :
Centaurea saccensis
Raimondo, Bancheva & Ilardi; Bocconea 17: 293 (2004)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
species :
Centaurea sadleriana
Janka; Természetrajzi Füz. 2: 142 (1878)
Name: Sadler-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: E-Austria; Germany [I]; Switzerland; Slovakia; N-Hungary; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania
11 AUT ger HUN SLO SWI 13 KOS ROM SRB
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Lopholoma. Often included in C. scabiosa as subspecies.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea scabiosa Sadler; Fl. Pesth. ed. II. 409 (1840)
= Centaurea scabiosa subsp. sadleriana (Janka) Asch. & Graebn.; Fl. Nordostdeut. Flachl. 754 (1899)
= Colymbada sadleriana (Janka) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 13 (1984), isonym
= Colymbada sadleriana (Janka) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
species :
Centaurea sagredoi
Blanca; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 36: 144 (1979 publ. 1980)
Distribution: SE-Spain (Sa. de los Filabres)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta sagredoi (Blanca) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 23 (1982)
species :
Centaurea sakarensis
Bancheva & Raimondo; Pl. Biosystems 147(3): 802 (2013)
Distribution: Bulgaria
13 BUL
species :
Centaurea sakariyaensis
Uysal & Dural; Pl. Biosystems 151(1): 126 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea saligna
(K.Koch) Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 172 (1963)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, SE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea schizolepis (Boiss.) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 2: 553 (1873)
= Chartolepis saligna K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 421 (1851)
= Chartolepis schizolepis Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 596 (1875)
= Phaeopappus salignus (K.Koch) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 596 (1875)
species :
Centaurea salmasensis
Ranjbar & Heydari; Phytotaxa 277(2): 186 (2016)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea salonitana
Vis.; Flora (Regensburg) 12 (Ergänz. 1): 23 (1829)
Name: Kroatische Flockenblume (DE); Croatian Star-thistle (EN)
Distribution: Hungary; Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (N-, NE- & C-Greece, N-Peloponnisos, Evvoia); S-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Northern Caucasus; East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos); Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, WN-Anatolia)
11 HUN 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC KOS NMA ROM SRB TUE 14 KRY MLD RUS UKR 33 NCS 34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Acrocentron salonitanum (Vis.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 44 (1961)
= Centaurea centauroides M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 2: 359 (1808), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea collina Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. 10: t. 914 (1840), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea latisquama DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 589 (1838)
= Centaurea latisquama subsp. salonitana (Vis.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 429 (1879)
= Centaurea liliniea Velen.; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 10: 34 (1904)
= Centaurea reflexa subsp. salonitana (Vis.) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 85(3): 116 (2000)
= Centaurea rubriflora N.B.Illar.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 18: 309 (1957)
= Centaurea stribrnyi Velen.; Fl. Bulg. 325 (1891)
= Colymbada salonitana (Vis.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 316 (1972)
species :
Centaurea samothracica
Strid & Kit Tan; Phytol. Balcan. 15(2): 186 (2009)
Distribution: NE-Greece (Samothraki)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea, Ser. Acrolophus, related to C. chalcidicaea
species :
Centaurea sanandajensis
Ranjbar & Negaresh; Phytotaxa 149(1): 51 (2013)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea sarandinakiae
N.B.Illar.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 18: 303 (1957)
Distribution: Ukraine; Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]
14 KRY UKR 33 GEO NCS
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea novorossica Klokov; Fl. URSS 28: 556, 619 (1963)
species :
Centaurea sarfattiana
Brullo, Gangale & Uzunov; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 125(4): 464 (2004)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Centaurea savranica
Klokov; Nauk Zap. Kyjivs´k. Derzavn. Univ. Sevcenka 7(6): 80 (-81) (1948)
Distribution: Moldova; W-Ukraine (E of Balta)
14 MLD UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta savranica (Klokov) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 304 (1977)
= Centaurea rhenana subsp. savranica (Klokov) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 200 (1976)
species :
Centaurea saxicola
Lag.; Gen. et Sp. Nov. 32 (1816)
Distribution: SE-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Acrocentron
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea jimenezii (Molero) Sánchez-Gómez, M.A.Carrión & A.Hern.; Anales Biol., Fac. Biol., Univ. Murcia 24: 213 (2002)
= Centaurea ornata subsp. saxicola (Lag.) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 195 (1975 publ. 1976)
= Centaurea saxicola subsp. jimenezii Molero; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 47(1): 265 (1989 publ. 1990)
= Centaurea saxicola var. cervantesi Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. 69 (1936), pro syn.
= Centaurea saxicola var. littorale Esteve; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 23: 185 (1965)
= Colymbada saxicola (Lag.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 228 (1974)
species :
Centaurea saxifraga
Coincy; J. Bot. [Morot] 11: 45 (1897)
Distribution: SE-Spain (Granada: Cerro Jabalcon)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Subsect. Lagascanae
species :
Centaurea scabiosa
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 913 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. scabiosa
Name: Skabiosen-Flockenblume (DE), Greater knapweed (EN)
Distribution: Faeroe Isl. [I]; England; Northern Ireland; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Andorra; Channel Isl.; Italy; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia (incl. Kaliningrad region); Moldova; Ukraine; Siberia (Altai, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka [I], Khabarovsk [I], Primorye [I], Sakhalin [I]); Kazakhstan; New Zealand [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], New Brunswick [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Idaho [I], Iowa [I], Kentucky [I], Maine [I], Montana [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], North Dakota [I], Ohio [I], Pennsylvania [I], Utah [I], Wyoming [I])
10 DEN FIN for GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO CIS FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT ROM SLV SMA SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 51 nzl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Lopholoma. The species is in the center of a very complex ring of taxa which are intermittently treated as species or subspecies.
Synonyms: hidden
= Acrocentron scabiosa (L.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 44 (1961)
= Centaurea atropurpurea Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 237 (1846)
= Centaurea borealis Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 208 (1796)
= Centaurea calcaria Jord.; Obs. Pl. Crit. 7: 32 (1849)
= Centaurea coriacea Waldst. & Kit.; Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung. 2: 214 (1805)
= Centaurea coriacea Willd.; 2296 (1803)
= Centaurea fuliginosa Dolliner ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 424 (1879)
= Centaurea gmelinii Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 320 (1840), nom. inval.
= Centaurea integrifolia Vuk.; Rad Jugoslav. Akad. Znan. 58: 153 (1881), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea integrisquama Vuk.; Rad Jugos. Akad. Zagreb. 58: 152 (1881)
= Centaurea italia Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 320 (1840)
= Centaurea italica Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 484 (1807)
= Centaurea pseudospinulosa Borbás; Math. Term. Közlem. 13: 54 (1875)
= Centaurea scabiosa proles albertii Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 149 (1905)
= Centaurea scabiosa proles calcarea (Jord.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 147 (1905)
= Centaurea scabiosa subf. homoephylla Dostál
= Centaurea scabiosa subf. variifolia Dostál
= Centaurea scabiosa subvar. calcarea (Jord.) E.Baumann; 466 (1911)
= Centaurea scabiosa f. albiflora A.Siegel; 39 (1924), nom. inval.
= Centaurea scabiosa f. angustifrons Beck; Fl. Hernstein 437 (1884)
= Centaurea scabiosa f. calcarea (Jord.) Vollm.; Fl. Bayern 766 (1914)
= Centaurea scabiosa f. dostalii Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18: 176 (1973)
= Centaurea scabiosa f. integrifolia (Gaudin) Vollm.; Fl. Bayern 767 (1914)
= Centaurea scabiosa f. integrifolia Vuk.; Rad Jugoslav. Akad. Znan. 40 (1880)
= Centaurea scabiosa f. moravica Podp.; 33 (1922)
= Centaurea scabiosa f. subheterophylla Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung., 18(1-2): 177 (1973)
= Centaurea scabiosa f. tenuisecta Nikolic.Diklic & Gajic; Glasn. Prir Muz. Beogradu. B 28: 25 (1974)
= Centaurea scabiosa subsp. alpina (Gaudin) Briq.; Monogr. Centaurées Alpes Marit. 133 (1902)
= Centaurea scabiosa subsp. angustifrons (Beck) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 13 (1984)
= Centaurea scabiosa subsp. calcarea (Jord.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 123 (1913)
= Centaurea scabiosa subsp. tenuifolia (Gaudin) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: ? (1882)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. alpina Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 5: 404 (1829)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. angustifolia Fuckel; 184 (1856)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. calcarea (Jord.) Loret & Barrandon; Fl. Montpellier 1: 371, 424 (1876)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. coriacea (Willd.) F.W.Schultz; 257 (1845)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. dissecta Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 146 (1905)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. dumetorum (Beck) Briq.; Centaur. Alpes Marit. 130 (1902)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. elatior Rchb.; 216 (1832)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. gelmii Briq.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 5: 475 (1897)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. grandis Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 149 (1905)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. integrifolia (Gaudin) D.Delip.; Fitologiya (Bulgaria) 34: 70 (1988)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. integrifolia Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 5: 404 (1829)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. integrifolia Moritzi; 398 (1832)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. latifolia Fuckel; 184 (1856)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. macrocephala Cariot; Étude Fl., éd. 7 [A. Cariot], 2: 394 (1884)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. nana P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 4: 531 (86) (2006)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. neglecta (Willd.) Rchb.; 216 (1832)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. petrophila Reut.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Genève, éd. 2: 119 (1861)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. pseudospinulosa (Borbás) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 13 (1984)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. spinulosa F.W.Schultz; 258 (1845)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. vulgaris W.D.J.Koch; 412 (1837)
= Centaurea scabiosaeformis St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 122 (1880)
= Centaurea scabiosifolia St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 8: 203 (1881)
= Centaurea scabiosiformis St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 122 (1880)
= Centaurea stereophylla Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 237 (1846) non Besser
= Centaurea subarmata Gugler; Centaur. Ungar. (Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungar. vi.) 229 (1907)
= Centaurea sylvatica Pourr.; Hist. & Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Toulouse 3: 310 (1788)
= Centaurea tenuifolia Schleich. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 323 (1840), nom. inval.
= Centaurea variifolia Loisel.; Not. Fl. France 130 (1810)
= Colymbada calcarea (Jord.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
= Colymbada scabiosa (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 316 (1972)
= Colymbada scabiosa (L.) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 83 (9-10): 656 (1972 publ. 1973)
= Colymbada scabiosa subsp. angustifrons (Beck) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 13 (1984)
= Colymbada scabiosa var. praealpina (Beck) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 13 (1984)
= Colymbada scabiosa var. pseudospinulosa (Borbás) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 13 (1984)
= Colymbada sylvatica (Pourr.) Holub; Preslia 45: 144 (1973)
= Cyanus coriaceus (Waldst. & Kit.) Baumg.; Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 3: 76 (1817)
= Cyanus laciniatus Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 192 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Cyanus scabiosa (L.) Moench; Methodus [Moench] 561 (1794)
= Jacea scabiosa (L.) Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 51 (1779)
= Lopholoma scabiosa (L.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 44: 37 (1827)
= Menomphalus scabiosa (L.) Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 33 (1874)
= Phrygia major Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 441 (1821), nom. superfl.
= Sagmen jaceoides Hill; Herb. Brit. 1: 113 (1769)
= Sagmen scabiosa (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. 66 (1768)
= Setachna sylvatica (Pourr.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 520 (1867)
subspecies :
subsp. alpestris
(Hegetschw.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 424 (1879)
Name: Alpische Skabiosen-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; France; Italy; Crimea
11 AUT GER LIE POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA 14 KRY
Synonyms: hidden
= Acrocentron alpestre (Hegetschw.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 44 (1961)
= Centaurea alpestris f. oblongifolia Murr; 27 (1902)
= Centaurea alpestris Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz 854 (1840)
= Centaurea alpestris var. vestita Murr; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 17: 150 (1899)
= Centaurea scabiosa subsp. kotschyana Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 180 (1894)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. alpestris (Hegetschw.) Godet; Fl. Jura, Suppl. 114 (1869)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. alpestris (Hegetschw.) Jess.; Deut. Excursions-Fl. 56 (1879)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. fuliginosa Neilr.; Fl. Nied.-Oesterr. 381 (1858)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. hispida Mutel; Fl. Dauph., éd. 2: 349 (1848)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. kotschyana Michalet; Not. Pl. Dép. Jura 83 (1854)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. macrocephala Gren.; Fl. Jurass. 448 (1865)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. menteyerica (Chaix) Cariot; Étude Fl., éd. 7 [A. Cariot], 2: 394 (1884)
= Centaurea scabiosa var. praealpina Beck; Fl. Hernstein 422 (1884)
= Colymbada alpestris (Hegetschw.) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 83(9-10): 656 (1972 publ. 1973)
= Lopholoma alpestris (Hegetschw.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 97 (1869)
subspecies :
subsp. badensis
(Tratt.) Gugler; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Natl. Hung. 6: 126 (1907)
Distribution: N-Austria; Slovakia
11 AUT SLO
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea badensis Tratt.; Arch. Gewächsk. 1: 28 (1811)
= Centaurea scabiosa subsp. vertesensis (Boros) Soó
= Centaurea ×vertesensis Boros; Bot. Közlem. 37: 40 (1940)
= Colymbada badensis (Tratt.) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 13 (1984), isonym
= Colymbada badensis (Tratt.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 228 (1974)
subspecies :
subsp. fritschii
(Hayek) Soó; Feddes Repert. 85(7-8): 438 (1974)
Distribution: Austria; Slovakia; Hungary; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Bulgaria; NE-Greece (rare)
11 AUT HUN SLO 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT SLV SRB
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea fritschii Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: 623 (1901)
= Centaurea grinensis subsp. fritschii (Hayek) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 195 (1976), et Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 13 (1984), isonym
= Centaurea grinensis subsp. fritschii (Hayek) Soó; Feddes Repert. 85: 438 (1974)
= Colymbada scabiosa subsp. fritschii (Hayek) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Preslia 46(2): 135 (1974)
subspecies :
subsp. grinensis
(Reut.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 424 (1879)
Distribution: Switzerland; France; Italy
11 SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea grinensis Reut.; Cat. Sem. Jard. Bot. Genève 1857: 4 (1858)
= Colymbada grinensis (Reut.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 9(3): 272 (1974)
= Colymbada grinensis (Reut.) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 13 (1984), isonym
subspecies :
subsp. integra
Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003), nom. nov.
Distribution: E-European Russia; Siberia (W-Siberia); Kazakhstan
14 RUS 30 SIB 32 KAZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea integrifolia Tausch; Flora (Regensburg) 11: 485 (1828), non Gaudich. 1829
subspecies :
subsp. menteyerica
(Vill.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 424 (1879)
Distribution: France; Italy
12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea menteyerica Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 1: 365 3: 48 (1788)
= Colymbada menteyerica (Vill.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
subspecies :
subsp. tematinensis
(Domin) Domin; Preslia 13-15: 246 (1936)
Distribution: Hungary
11 HUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea tematinensis Domin; Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 53 (1930)
species :
Centaurea scannensis
Anzal., Soldano & F.Conti; Annot. Checkl. Italian Vasc. Fl. 17 (2005)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Centaurea schimperi
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 596 (1838)
Distribution: Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir)
35 SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Phaeopappus schimperi (DC.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 602 (1875)
species :
Centaurea schousboei
Lange; Vid. Meddel. Dansk Naturh. Foren. Kjobenhavn 1861: 85 (1861)
Distribution: SW-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Paniculatae
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta schousboei (Lange) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 C (1974)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. schousboei (Lange) Arènes; Agron. Lusit. 11: 24 (1949)
= Centaurea paniculata var. schousboei Cout.; Fl. Portugal 656 (1913)
species :
Centaurea scillae
Brullo; Veg. Aspromonte 48 (2001)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Centaurea sclerolepis
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 6: 136 (1846)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea scoparia
Sieber ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 402 (1826)
Distribution: Egypt (Eastern Desert, SE-Egypt); Israel (S-Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (N-Saudi Arabia)
20 EGY 34 ISR JOR SIN 35 SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Phaeopappus scoparius (Sieber ex Spreng.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 602 (1875)
species :
Centaurea scopulorum
Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 115 (1849)
Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada scopulorum (Boiss. & Heldr.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
variant :
var. gracilior
Wagenitz; Willdenowia 6(3): 499 (1972)
Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea scripczinskyi
Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 82(11): 86 (1997)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus
33 NCS
species :
Centaurea seguenzae
(Lacaita) Brullo, Marcenò & Siracusa; Colloq. Phytosoc. 28: 489 (2004)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea panormitana subsp. seguenzae (Lacaita) Greuter; Med-Checkl. 2: 126 (2008)
= Centaurea seguenzae (Lacaita) Domina, Greuter & Raimondo; Israel J. Pl. Sci. 64(1-2): 55 (2017), isonym
= Centaurea todaroi f. seguenzae Lacaita; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 22: 245 (1915)
= Centaurea todaroi subsp. seguenzae (Lacaita) Giardina & Raimondo; Bocconea 20: 10 (2007)
species :
Centaurea sehat-niakii
Negaresh; Taxon. Biosyst. 12(44): 16 (2021), nom. nov.
Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea deflexa Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 229 (1974), nom. nov. illeg.
= Centaurea nivea var. declinata (Boiss.) Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 172 (1963)
= Cheirolepis declinata (Boiss.) Czerep.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 20: 471 (1960)
= Phaeopappus declinatus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 595 (1875)
species :
Centaurea senegalensis
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 598 (1838)
Distribution: S-Algeria; Mauritania; Senegal; Mali; Burkina Faso; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; N-Chad (incl. Ennedi); Sudan
20 ALG 22 BEN BKN MLI MTN NGA SEN 23 CMN 24 CHA SUD
species :
Centaurea sennikoviana
Negaresh & Kaya; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 52(5-6): 321 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea sericea
Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 222 (1974)
Distribution: Turkey (W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea seridis
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 915 (1753)
Distribution: Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares (Ibiza & Formentera); France; Italy; Sicily; Albania; Greece (Ionian Isl., Korfu, W- & SE-Peloponnisos); Morocco; Algeria; ?Tunisia; Madeira [I] (Madeira Isl. [I])
12 BAL FRA GIB SPA 13 ALB GRC ITA SIC 20 ALG MOR 21 mdr
Remarks: Subgen. Seridia
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapoides seridis (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 10 (1973)
= Calcitrapa cichoracea Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 32 (1779)
= Calcitrapa sonchifolia (L.) Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 32, Moench, Meth. 564 (1779)
= Calcitrapoides sonchifolia (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)
= Centaurea auriculata Balb. ex Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 486 (1807)
= Centaurea cruenta Willd.; Enum. Pl. [Willdenow] 929 (1809)
= Centaurea homoeosceros Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 13: 42 (1914)
= Centaurea jacobi Dufour; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 7: 348 (1860)
= Centaurea neglecta Martrin-Donos ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 431 (1879)
= Centaurea polyacantha Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 406 (1826)
= Centaurea seridis subsp. cruenta (Willd.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 203 (1976)
= Centaurea seridis subsp. jacobi (Dufour) P.P.Ferrer, R.Roselló, E.Laguna, A.Guillén, Gómez Nav. & Peris; Nemus 7: 82 (2017)
= Centaurea seridis subsp. sonchifolia (L.) Briq.; Centaurées Alpes Marit. 173, 176 (1902)
= Centaurea seridis subsp. sonchifolia (L.) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
= Centaurea seridis var. auriculata (Balb. ex Pers.) Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 539 (1878)
= Centaurea seridis var. epapposa Caball.; Exc. Bot. Melilla 34 (1917)
= Centaurea seridis var. sonchifolia (L.) Briq.; Monogr. Centaurées Alpes Marit. 173, 176 (1902)
= Centaurea seridis var. subferox Pau & Font Quer; Exsicc. (Iter Marocc.) 1927: no. 707 (1928)
= Centaurea sonchifolia L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 915 (1753)
= Centaurea sonchifolia var. oscilans Pau; Mem. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Ser. Bot. 1(1): 52 (1922)
= Pycnocomus sonchifolius (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. 67 (1768)
= Seridia auriculata Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
= Seridia cruenta (Willd.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
= Seridia latifolia Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
= Seridia megacephala Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2 [F. Cuvier] 48: 499 (1827)
= Seridia sonchifolia (L.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218, Cass. in Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 48: 499 (1826)
species :
Centaurea serowensis
Negaresh; Phytotaxa 597(1): 38 (2023)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea serpentinica
A.Duran & B.Dogan; Nordic J. Bot. 27(4): 319 (2009)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea shahuensis
Ranjbar & Negaresh; Nordic J. Bot. 31(4): 430 (2013)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea shehbazii
Ranjbar & Negaresh; Edinburgh J. Bot. 71(1): 51 (2014)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea shouilea
Parsa; Flore de l´Iran (Publ. Univ. Teheran 1777) 10: 176 (1980)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Remarks: status doubtful
species :
Centaurea shumkana
Kit Tan, Shuka & Wagenitz; Phytotaxa 348(2): 85 (2018)
Distribution: SE-Albania
13 ALB
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Maculosae, triniifolia agg.
species :
Centaurea sicana
Raimondo & Spadaro; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 157: 785 (2008)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
species :
Centaurea sicula
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 918 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. sicula
Name: Sizilianische Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; SE-Spain; France; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; Greece [I] (Peloponnisos [I]); Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
11 ger 12 FRA SAR SPA 13 grc ITA MLT PEL SIC 20 ALG MOR TUN
Remarks: Subgen. Solstitiaria
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa nicaensis (All.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 143 (1973)
= Calcitrapa sicula (L.) J.St.-Hil.; Expos. Fam. Nat. 1: 385 (1805)
= Calcitrapa sicula (L.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 133 (1972)
= Centaurea aurea Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 318 (1840)
= Centaurea barbara Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 27 (1874)
= Centaurea fuscata Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 2: 302, t. 244 (1799)
= Centaurea fuscescens Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 28 (1874)
= Centaurea marginata Ten.; Prod. Fl. Napol. p. 52 (1811)
= Centaurea nicaeensis All.; Fl. Pedem. 1: 162 (1785)
= Centaurea nicaeensis subsp. walliana Maire
= Centaurea xanthina Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 407 (1826)
= Colymbada sicula (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. 65 (1768)
= Seridia sicula (L.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. 218 (1826)
subspecies :
subsp. kroumirensis
(Coss.) Dobignard; Willdenowia 37(1): 141 (2007), et Index Syn. Fl. Afrique N. (2011)
Distribution: ?Algeria; Tunisia
20 TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea kroumirensis Coss.; Compton-Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris 98: 468 (1884), et Ill. Fl. Atlant. 2: 66, t. 139 (1893) ex Batt. & Trab., Fl. del´Alger. (Dicot.) 500 (1889)
species :
Centaurea sieheana
Wagenitz; Willdenowia 2: 410, ff. 50-51 (1961)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea simonkaiana
Hayek; A. Kern. & Fritsch, Sched. Fl. Austr-Hung. 9: 79 (1902)
Distribution: Romania
13 ROM
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea trichocephala subsp. simonkaiana (Hayek) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 208 (1976)
= Jacea simonkaiana (Hayek) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 229 (1974)
species :
Centaurea simulans
Wagenitz; Candollea 36 - 371, f. 3 (1981)
Distribution: Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Syria
34 LEB SYR
species :
Centaurea sinaica
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 592 (1838)
Distribution: Egypt (NE-Egypt); Iraq (NW-Iraq, S-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Syria (C-Syrian Desert); Israel (Rift Valley, S-Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Midyan, Asir, Nejd Desert); Kuwait; United Arab Emirates; Yemen (coastal Hadhramaut, N-Inner Yemen, W-Yemen)
20 EGY 34 IRQ ISR JOR SIN SYR 35 KUW SAU UAE YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa sinaica (DC.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 143 (1973)
= Centaurea arabica Velen.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. 11: 10 (1911 publ. 1912)
= Centaurea procurrens DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 595 (1838), nom. inval.
= Centaurea pseudosinaica Mouterde; Saussurea 4: 19 (1973), nom. illeg.
species :
Centaurea sipylea
Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 229 (1974)
Distribution: Turkey (W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea goniocaula Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 647 (1875) (non C. goniocaulon (DC.) Sch. Bip. (1847))
species :
Centaurea sirdjanica
Parsa; Flore de l´Iran (Publ. Univ. Teheran 1777) 10: 165 (1980)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea sivasica
Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 218 (1974)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta sivasica (Wagenitz) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 11(1): 80 (1976)
species :
Centaurea skopjensis
Micevski; Prilozi Oddel. Biol. Med. Nauki Makedonska Akad. Nauk Umet., 8(1-2): 52 (1987 publ. 1990)
Distribution: North Macedonia
13 NMA
species :
Centaurea solitaria
Ranjbar & Negaresh; Edinburgh J. Bot. 71(1): 53 (2014)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea solstitialis
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 917 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. solstitialis
Name: Sonnwend-Flockenblume (DE); Yellow Star-thistle (EN)
Distribution: England; Northern Ireland; Ireland; Norway; Netherlands; Belgium; Germany [I]; Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; France; Channel Isl. [I]; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread, incl. Kiklades); Crete; Estonia [I]; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); Ethiopia [I]; Eritrea [I]; South Africa [I]; Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan [I]; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, S-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (Jazira, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Saudi Arabia (NE-Saudi Arabia, Asir); Kuwait; Oman (Mascat & Oman); Australia [I] (+Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], Manitoba [I], Ontario [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (Arizona [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], Florida [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], Nebraska [I], Nevada [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I], Wyoming [I]); Mexico [I]; Bolivia [I]; Uruguay [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I])
10 GRB IRE NOR 11 AUT BGM CZE ger HUN NET POL SLO SWI 12 cis COR FRA SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR est KRY MLD RUS UKR 20 EGY 24 eri eth 27 saf 31 rfe 32 KAZ kgz TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 KUW OMA SAU 50 aus 51 nzl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 83 bol 85 arg cle uru
Remarks: Subgen. Solstitiaria
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa erythracantha (Halácsy) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 (1974)
= Calcitrapa fusca Moench; Methodus [Moench] 564 (1794)
= Calcitrapa lutea Delarbre; Fl. Auv. ed. 2, 299 (1800)
= Calcitrapa solstitialis (L.) Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 34 (1779)
= Centaurea cyanifolia Poir.; Encycl. Suppl. 2: 158 (1811)
= Centaurea erythracantha Halácsy; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 56: 210 (1906)
= Centaurea lappacea Ten.; Ind. Sem. Hort. Neap. 15 (1829)
= Centaurea lutea Gueldenst.; It. 2: 43 (1791)
= Centaurea multiflora Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 486 (1807)
= Centaurea parvispina Láng ex Gugler; Centaur. Ungar. (Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungar. vi.) 204 (1907), in adnot.
= Centaurea pottii Spreng.; Bot. Gart. Halle 23 (1800)
= Centaurea pseudosolstitialis Debeaux; Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens. 12: 211 (1894)
= Centaurea scabra C.Presl; Fl. Sicul. 1: XXX (1826)
= Centaurea sicula Leyss. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 594 (1838)
= Centaurea solstitialis subsp. erythracantha (Halácsy) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 204 (1976)
= Centaurea solstitialis subsp. lappacea (Ten.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. 394 (1882)
= Centaurea solstitialis subsp. mitis (Ces.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. 395 (1882)
= Centaurea solstitialis var. intermedia Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 165 (1905)
= Centaurea solstitialis var. pycnoclada Heldr.; Exsicc. (Herb. Graec. Norm.) 15: no. 1449 (1898)
= Centaurea solstitialis var. pygmaea Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 165 (1905)
= Cyanus solstitialis (L.) J.Presl & C.Presl; Fl. Cech. 179 (1819)
= Leucantha cyanifolia (Poir.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 444 (1821), nom. illeg.
= Leucantha solstitialis (L.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 44 (1961)
= Seridia solstitialis (L.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
= Setachna solstitialis (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 520 (1867)
= Solstitiaria flava Hill; Herb. Brit. 1: 77 (1769)
= Solstitiaria solstitialis (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. 62 (1768)
= Triplocentron solstitiale (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 97 (1869)
subspecies :
subsp. carneola
(Boiss.) Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33(2): 229 (1974)
Distribution: Turkey (Cilicia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa carneola (Boiss.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 143 (1973)
= Centaurea carneola Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 83 (1856)
subspecies :
subsp. pyracantha
(Boiss.) Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33(2): 229 (1974)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa pyracantha (Boiss.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 (1974)
= Centaurea pyracantha Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 685 (1875)
= Centaurea pyracantha var. syriaca Gomb.
= Centaurea syriaca (Gomb.) Gomb.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 96: 12 (1949)
subspecies :
subsp. schouwii
(DC.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 204 (1976)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
11 ger 12 SAR 13 ITA SIC 20 ALG MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea schouwii DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 593 (1838)
= Calcitrapa schouwii (DC.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 307 (1977)
species :
Centaurea sophiae
Klokov; Fl. URSS 28: 521, 615 (1963)
Distribution: S-European Russia (lower Don valley); C-European Russia
14 RUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea arenaria subsp. sophiae (Klokov) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 197 (1976)
species :
Centaurea soskae
Hayek ex Kosanin; Glas Srpske. Krali. Akad. 119: 275 (1926)
subspecies :
subsp. soskae
Distribution: North Macedonia; Albania; NW-Greece (around lakes Prespa and Ohrid)
13 ALB GRC NMA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Maculosae, triniifolia agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta soskae (Hayek) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 (1974)
= Centaurea decora F.K.Mey.; Haussknechtia Beih. 15: 167 (2011) [fide Pils (2016)]
= Centaurea prespana Rech.f.; Ann. Mus. Goulandris 2: 55 (1974 publ. 1975)
subspecies :
subsp. aetiensis
T.Gregor, Meierott & Wagenitz; Phytotaxa 348(2): 81 (2018)
Distribution: NW-Greece (Pindos)
13 GRC
subspecies :
subsp. albida
Kit Tan, Shuka & Wagenitz; Phytotaxa 348(2): 80 (2018)
Distribution: E-Albania (Lake Prespa)
13 ALB
species :
Centaurea speciosa
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 116 (1849)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Israel (N-Israel)
34 ISR LEB
species :
Centaurea spectabilis
(Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Sch.Bip.; Linnaea 19: 326 (1847)
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)
33 ARM AZE 34 IRN TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Tomanthea
Synonyms: hidden
= Amberboa spectabilis (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 561 (1838)
= Centaurea balsamita D.Don; Sw., Brit. Fl. Gard., Ser. II. t. 355 (1831) non Lam. 1785
= Centaurea spectabilis (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Bordz.; Mem. Soc. Nat. Kiev 25: 126 (1915), isonym
= Phaeopappus armenus var. microlophus (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 598 (1875)
= Phaeopappus spectabilis (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 6: 124 (1846)
= Psephellus spectabilis Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Ind. Sem. Horti Petrop. 4: 43 (1837)
= Tomanthea spectabilis (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Takht.; Trud. Molod. Uchen. Armyan. Fil. Akad. Nauk USSR, 241 (1939)
species :
Centaurea sphaerocephala
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 916 (1753)
Name: Kugelkopf-Flockenblume
Distribution: W- & SW-Portugal; S- & E-Spain; Gibraltar; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Morocco; Algeria
12 COR GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ITA SIC 20 ALG MOR
Remarks: Subgen. Seridia
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapoides sphaerocephala (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)
= Centaurea caespitosa Cirillo; Pl. Neap. Nov. Fasc. 1: 24 (1788)
= Centaurea corsica Gand.; Dec. Pl. Nov. [Gandoger] 1: 27 (1875)
= Centaurea fontanesii (Webb) Spach ex Durand; Duch. Rev. Bot. 2: 429 (1847)
= Centaurea ixodes Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 284 (1874)
= Centaurea linnaeana Walp.; Ann. 1: 450 (1849)
= Centaurea pterocaulos Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 29 (1874)
= Centaurea sonchifolia var. oligocentra Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 19: 193 (1928)
= Centaurea sonchifolia Welw. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 432 (1879)
= Centaurea sphaerocephala (L.) J.Gay ex Durand; Duch. Rev. Bot. 2: 429 (1846 publ. 1847)
= Centaurea sphaerocephala var. oligocentra (Maire) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 26: 216 (1935)
= Melanoloma fontanesii Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 50: 252 (1823)
= Seridia sphaerocephala (L.) Webb; Iter Hisp. 33 (1838)
species :
Centaurea spicata
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 10: 113 (1849)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Syria (W-Syrian Mountains)
34 SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea spicata var. amanensis Gugler; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Natl. Hung. 6: 252 (1908)
species :
Centaurea spinosa
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 912 (1753)
Distribution: European Turkey; Greece (widespread in the Aegaean, S-Peloponnisos, Evvoia, Samothraki, Limnos); Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Samos, Ikaria, Dodecanese, Kos, Tilos, Rhodos); Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
13 GRC KRI TUE 34 EAI TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Dumulosae
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta spinosa (L.) Scop.; Intr. Hist. Nat. 124 (1777)
= Centaurea cycladum Heldr.; Exsicc. (Herb. Graec. Norm.) 1902: no. 1652 (1902)
= Centaurea spinosa f. glabrata Heldr.; Exsicc. (Herb. Graec. Norm.) 1889: no. 1045 (1889)
= Centaurea spinosa subsp. cycladum (Heldr.) Hayek; Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balcan. 2: 779 (1931)
= Centaurea spinosa subsp. tomentosa (Halácsy) Hayek
= Centaurea spinosa var. tomentosa Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boissier 6: 634 (1898)
= Centaurea spinosa var. tragacanthoides (Rech.f.) Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33(3): 429 (1975)
= Centaurea tragacanthoides Rech.f.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 43: 145 (1938)
species :
Centaurea spinosociliata
Seenus; Beschr. Reise Istr. Dalmat. 65 (1805)
Name: Kamm-Flockenblume
Distribution: Croatia
13 CRO
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, spinosociliata agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta spinoso-ciliata (Seenus) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 134 (1972)
species :
Centaurea splendens
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 914 (1753)
Distribution: S-Ukraine (W-side of estuary of River Bug)
14 UKR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. spIendens (L.) Arcang.; Comp. 1, 7. Ital. 387 (1882)
= Centaurea concolor Lacaita; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 30: 202 (1923)
= Centaurea klokovii Oppermann ex Klokov; Trudy Inst. Bot. Kharkivs´k. Derzhavn. Univ. 1: 102 (1936), pro syn.
= Centaurea margaritacea Ten.; Fl. Napol. 4, Syll. App. 3: 14 (1830)
= Centaurea splendens subsp. margaritacea (Ten.) Nyman
= Centaurea splendens var. feichtingerana (J.Wagner) Gajic; Fl. Srbije 7: 255 (1975)
= Jacea margaritacea (Ten.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
= Jacea splendens (L.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 133 (1972)
= Phalolepis splendens (L.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 50: 249 (1828)
species :
Centaurea spruneri
Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 1(6): 132 (1846)
subspecies :
subsp. spruneri
Distribution: Greece (Attiki, N-Peloponnisos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Carduiformes
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea fraasii Sch.Bip. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 429 (1879)
= Centaurea fraasii Sch.Bip. ex Tchich.; Asie Min. Bot. 2: 323 (1860)
= Centaurea minoa Heldr.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 662 (1875)
= Centaurea spruneri Boiss. & Orph.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 662 (1875)
= Centaurea spruneri subsp. minoa (Heldr.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 195 (1976)
= Centaurea spruneriana Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 640 (1898)
= Colymbada minoa (Heldr.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 228 (1974)
= Colymbada spruneri (Boiss. & Heldr.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 316 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. guicciardii
(Boiss.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30(2): 749 (1931)
Distribution: Albania; Greece (NW- & C-Greece, Ionian Isl., Korfu, Kiklades); C-Crete
13 ALB GRC KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea guicciardii Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 661 (1875)
= Colymbada guicciardii (Boiss.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 315 (1972)
species :
Centaurea stapfiana
(Hand.-Mazz.) Wagenitz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 186 (1963)
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Chrysopappus stapfianus (Hand.-Mazz.) Takht.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 7: 276 (1938)
= Phaeopappus sintenisii Stapf ex Hand.-Mazz.; Ann. K.K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 27: 447 (1913)
= Phaeopappus stapfianus Hand.-Mazz.; Ann. K.K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 27: 447 (1913)
species :
Centaurea stenolepis
A.Kern.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 22: 45 (1872)
Name: Schmalschuppige Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Austria; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; ?Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (mountains of NE-Greece to Olympos); Moldova; Ukraine; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)
11 AUT CZE ger HUN SLO 13 BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB TUE 14 MLD UKR 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea bansagensis H.Wagner
= Centaurea cetia (Beck) J.Wagner; Jáv., Magyar Fl. 1169 (1925), in clavi
= Centaurea jacea subsp. razgradensis (Velen.) Stoj. & Acht.; Stud. Centaur. Bulg. 69 (1935)
= Centaurea phrygia subsp. razgradensis (Velen.) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
= Centaurea phrygia subsp. stenolepis (A.Kern.) Gugler; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Natl. Hung. 6: 168 (1907)
= Centaurea razgradensis Velen.; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. 7(1): no. 8, 25 (1886), et Fl. Bulg. 306 (1891)
= Centaurea stenolepis subsp. bansagensis (H.Wagner) Soó; Syn. Syst. Geobot. Fl. Veg. Hung. 4: 174 (1970)
= Centaurea stenolepis subsp. joannis Kárpáti; Borbásia 5-6: 92 (1946)
= Centaurea stenolepis subsp. razgradensis (Velen.) Dostál in Tutin et al.; Fl. Eur. 4: 295 (1976), comb. inval.
= Centaurea stenolepis subsp. razgradensis (Velen.) Stoj. & Acht.; Stud. Centaur. Bulg. 69 (1935)
= Jacea razgradensis (Velen.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 229 (1974)
= Jacea stenolepis (A.Kern.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 133 (1972)
species :
Centaurea stereophylla
Besser; Enum. Pl. Volhyn. 35 (1822)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Bulgaria; Moldova; Ukraine
11 ger 13 BUL KOS ROM SRB 14 MLD UKR
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Carduiformes
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea astrachanica Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 397 (1826)
= Centaurea auriculata Spreng.; Pl. Min. Cogn. Pug. 1: 59 (1813), nom. illeg.
= Colymbada stereophylla (Besser) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
species :
Centaurea sterilis
Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 29(2): 390 (1856)
Distribution: Ukraine; Crimea
14 KRY UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 2: 353 (1808), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea alba subsp. sterilis (Steven) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 85(3): 120 (2000)
= Centaurea leucolepis Ledeb. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 420 (1879)
= Centaurea nikitensis N.B.Illar.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 18: 304 (1957)
= Centaurea semijusta Juz.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 14: 43 (1951)
= Centaurea stankovii N.B.Illar.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 18: 305 (1957)
= Centaurea sterilis subsp. semijusta (Juz.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 204 (1976)
= Centaurea sterilis var. ambigua Schmalh.
species :
Centaurea steveniana
Klokov; Fl. URSS 28: 527, 616 (1963)
Distribution: ?Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea
14 KRY UKR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Centaurea, ovina agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta steveniana (Klokov) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 (1974)
= Centaurea ovina subsp. steveniana (Klokov) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 197 (1976)
species :
Centaurea stevenii
M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 2: 356 (1808)
subspecies :
subsp. stevenii
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia)
33 ARM AZE GEO 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Phaeopappus stevenii (M.Bieb.) K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 437 (1851)
subspecies :
subsp. armeniaca
Gabrieljan; Fl. Armen. 9: 421 (1995)
Distribution: Armenia; Turkey
33 ARM 34 TUR
species :
Centaurea stoebe
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 914 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. stoebe
Name: Rispen-Flockenblume, Rheinische Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: England; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen [I], Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein [I], Saarland [I], Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; S-European Russia; Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia (incl. Kaliningrad region); Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Australia [I] (Australian Capital Territory [I]); New Zealand [I]
10 DEN GRB NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR est KRY lat LIT MLD RUS UKR 33 NCS 50 aus 51 nzl
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Maculosae, stoebe agg. Vgl. also C. australis which is frequently included here or confused.
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta biebersteinii (DC.) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 13 (1984)
= Acosta chaubardii (Rchb.f) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 226 (1974)
= Acosta maculosa (Lam.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
= Acosta maculosa (Lam.) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 83 (9-10): 655 (1972 publ. 1973)
= Acosta muretii (Jord.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 28(1): 106 (1993)
= Acosta rhenana (Jord. ex Boreau) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 134 (1972)
= Acosta stoebe (L.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 134 (1972)
= Acosta subalbida (Jord.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 (1974)
= Acrolophus biebersteinii (DC.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 44 (1961)
= Acrolophus maculosus (Lam.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier] 7: 253 (1827)
= Acrolophus rhenanus (Boreau ex Nyman) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 44 (1961)
= Acrolophus subalbidus (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 97 (1869)
= Acrolophus tenuisectus (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 97 (1869)
= Centaurea augustana Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H. G. L. Reichenbach] 15: 37, t. 785 (1852)
= Centaurea biebersteinii DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 583 (1838)
= Centaurea caerulescens subsp. muretii (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 427 (1879)
= Centaurea chaubardii Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H. G. L. Reichenbach] 15: 34, t. 781 (1852)
= Centaurea crispatula Timb.-Lagr.; Lucante, Rev. de Bot. 10: 262 (1892) in syn.
= Centaurea leptoloma Pancic ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 426 (1879)
= Centaurea maculata Andrz.; Rys Botan. 1: 12 (1823)
= Centaurea maculosa f. arenicola Gugler; 166 (1908)
= Centaurea maculosa f. canescens Gugler; 166 (1908)
= Centaurea maculosa f. megamelas (Borbás) Gugler; 166 (1908)
= Centaurea maculosa f. muretii (Jord.) Gugler; 167 (1908)
= Centaurea maculosa f. pallida Gugler; 166 (1908)
= Centaurea maculosa f. tenuisecta (Jord.) Gugler; 167 (1908)
= Centaurea maculosa Lam.; Encycl. [J. Lamarck et al.] 1: 669 (1785)
= Centaurea maculosa subsp. albida (Lecoq & Lamotte) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 200 (1976)
= Centaurea maculosa subsp. biebersteinii (DC.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 427 (1879)
= Centaurea maculosa subsp. chaubardii (Rchb.f.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 200 (1976)
= Centaurea maculosa subsp. muretii (Jord.) Janch. ex H.P.Fuchs; Feddes Repert. 90(9-10): 637 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Centaurea maculosa subsp. rhenana (Boreau) Gugler; 166 (1908)
= Centaurea maculosa subsp. subalbida (Jord.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 200 (1976)
= Centaurea maculosa var. albida Lecoq & Lamotte; Cat. Pl. Plateau Central 40 (1847)
= Centaurea maculosa var. reichenbachioides (Schur) Gugler; 166 (1908)
= Centaurea muretii Jord.; Pug. Pl. Nov. 108 (1852)
= Centaurea paniculata M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 2: 346 (1808)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. maculosa (Lam.) Briq.; Centaur. Alpes Marit.: ? (1902)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. maculosa (Lam.) Rouy; Rev. Bot. Syst. Géogr. Bot. 2: 157 (1904), isonym
= Centaurea pedemontana Jord.; Pug. Pl. Nov. 110 (1852)
= Centaurea rhenana Boreau; Fl. Centre Fr. ed. 3, 2: 355 (1857) ex Nyman, Consp. 426 (1879)
= Centaurea stoebe f. alba Sigunov; Glasn. Prir. Muz. Beogradu, B 34: 87 (1979)
= Centaurea stoebe subsp. maculosa (Lam.) Schinz & Thell.; Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 53: 569 (1909)
= Centaurea stoebe subsp. rhenana (Boreau) Schinz & Thell.; Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 53: 570 (1909)
= Centaurea subalbida Jord.; Pugill. 109 (1852)
= Centaurea tenuisecta Jord.; Pugill. 110 (1852)
= Cyanus paniculatus Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 192 (1782), opus utique oppr.
subspecies :
subsp. serbica
(Prodan) Ochsmann; Diss. Bot. 324: 72 (2000)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria
13 BUL KOS SRB
Remarks: no confirmed records for Greece fide Strid 2024
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta tartarea (Velen.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 (1974)
= Centaurea affinis subsp. serbica Prodan; Centaur. Român. 137 (1930)
= Centaurea affinis subsp. tartarea (Velen.) T.Georgiadis; Contr. Phylogén. Centaurea L. (sect. Acrolophus (Cass.) DC.) en Grèce 38 (1980)
= Centaurea rhenana subsp. tartarea (Velen.) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 200 (1975 publ. 1976)
= Centaurea tartarea Velen.; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. 25 (1886)
species :
Centaurea stricta
Waldst. & Kit.; Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung. 2: 194 (1805)
Distribution: Slovakia; Croatia; Montenegro; Romania; Bulgaria; Ukraine
11 SLO 13 BUL CRO MNT ROM 14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ternopoliensis Dobrocz.; Ukrayins´k. Bot. Zhurn. 6: No. 2, 71 (1949)
= Centaurea triumfettii subsp. stricta (Waldst. & Kit.) Dostál; Acta Bot. Bohem. 10: 72 (1931)
= Cyanus strictus (Waldst. & Kit.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 131 (1972)
= Cyanus ternopoliensis (Dobrocz.) Olsavská; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 173(2): 253 (2013)
= Cyanus triumfettii subsp. strictus (Waldst. & Kit.) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 14 (1984)
species :
Centaurea stuessyi
Arnelas, Devesa & E.López; Phytotaxa 115(2): 43 (2013), nom. nov.
Distribution: NE-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Lepteranthus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea linifolia var. aragonensis Willk.; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 5(49): 860 (1847)
species :
Centaurea subciliaris
Boiss. & Heldr.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 627 (1875)
Distribution: Bulgaria; W-Greece (Epiros, Ionian Isl.)
13 BUL GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. subciliaris (Boiss. & Heldr.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 205 (1976)
species :
Centaurea subsericans
Halácsy; Magyar Bot. Lapok 11: 164 (1912)
Distribution: Greece (Attiki, S-Peloponnisos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Arenariae
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta subsericans (Halácsy) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 (1974)
= Centaurea attica subsp. pateraea (Halácsy) T.Georgiadis; Contr. Phylogén. Centaurea L. (sect. Acrolophus (Cass.) DC.) en Grèce 49 (1980)
= Centaurea attica var. pateraea Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boissier 6: 590 (1898)
species :
Centaurea subtilis
Bertol.; Fl. Ital. 9: 451 (1853)
Distribution: SE-Italy (Mte. Gargano)
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Maculosae
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta subtilis (Bertol.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 (1974)
= Centaurea garganica Sch.Bip. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 425 (1879)
= Centaurea stoebe Ten.; Fl. Napol. 2: 264 (1820) non L.
species :
Centaurea sulphurea
Willd.; Enum. Pl. Horti Berol. 930 (1809)
Distribution: E- & S-Spain; France; Morocco; Algeria; Canary Isl. [I] (Gran Canaria [I]); USA [I] (California [I])
12 FRA SPA 20 ALG MOR 21 cny 76 usa
Remarks: Subgen. Solstitiaria
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa sulphurea (Willd.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 133 (1972)
= Seridia sulphurea (Willd.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 218 (1826)
= Triplocentron sulphureum (Willd.) Webb; Iter Hisp. 33 (1838)
species :
Centaurea susannae
Invernón & Devesa; Phytotaxa 74: 42 (2012)
Distribution: W- & SW-Portugal
12 POR
Remarks: Subgen. Seridia
variant :
var. paivae
Invernón & Devesa; Acta Bot. Malac. 38: 66 (2013)
Distribution: Portugal
12 POR
species :
Centaurea szovitsiana
Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 683 (1875)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey; Iran
33 ARM AZE GEO 34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea polypodiifolia var. szovitsiana (Boiss.) Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33(2): 229 (1974)
= Centaurea behen DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 567 (1838), nom. illeg.
species :
Centaurea tabriziana
(Ranjbar & Negaresh) comb.ined.; non Ranjbar & Heydari 2015
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus tabrizianus Ranjbar & Negaresh; Candollea 68(2): 188 (2013)
species :
Centaurea tabriziana
Ranjbar & Heydari; Phytotaxa 201(1): 82 (2015)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea tadshicorum
Tzvelev; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 19: 414 (1959)
Distribution: Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Kabul, Parwan)
32 TZK 34 AFG
Remarks: Subgen. Hyalea
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea hierapolitana var. cabulica Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 108: 63 (1938)
= Eremopappus tadshicorum (Tzvelev) Panigrahi; Fl. URSS (English translation) 28: 459 (1998)
= Hyalea tadshicorum (Tzvelev) Soják; Novit. Bot. Del. Sem. Horti Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag. 47 (1962)
species :
Centaurea takhtajanii
Gabrieljan & Tonyan; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 70(4): 515 (1985)
Distribution: Armenia
33 ARM
species :
Centaurea takredensis
Coss.; Bull. Soc. Dauph., 413, No. 3999, nomen, Maire in Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord, 1932 23: 193. descr. (1883)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Melanoloma takredense (Coss. ex Maire) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 1: 4 (1982)
species :
Centaurea tanaitica
Klokov; Nauk Zap. Kyjivs´k. Derzavn. Univ. Sevcenka 7(6): 81 (-82) (1948)
Distribution: S-European Russia; C-European Russia; Ukraine; Northern Caucasus
14 RUS UKR 33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea czerkessica Dobrocz. & Kotov; Ukrayins´k. Bot. Zhurn. 19(1): 42 (1962)
= Centaurea pseudotanaitica Galushko; nom. inval.
= Centaurea triumfettii subsp. tanaitica (Klokov) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 208 (1976)
= Cyanus tanaiticus (Klokov) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4). 132 (1972)
species :
Centaurea tardiflora
Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 228 (1974)
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea tauromenitana
Guss.; Fl. Sic. Syn. 2: 512 (1844)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Orientales
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada tauromenitana (Guss.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
species :
Centaurea tauscheri
A.Kern.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 22: 119 (1872)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Romania
13 KOS ROM SRB
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Arenariae
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta tauscheri (A.Kern.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
= Centaurea arenaria var. tauscheri (A.Kern.) Gajic; Fl. Srbije 7: 254 (1975)
= Centaurea hungarica Gugler; Centaur. Ungar. 231 (1907)
species :
Centaurea tchihatcheffii
Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 1: 31 (1854)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea purpureiradiata Hub.-Mor.; Bauhinia 3: 317 (1967)
= Cyanus tchihatcheffii (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Wagenitz & Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
= Melanoloma tchihatchewi (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 704 (1875)
species :
Centaurea tenacissima
(E.Groves) Brullo; Braun-Blanquetia 2: 32 (1988)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea deusta var. tenacissima H.Groves; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 19: 162 (1887)
species :
Centaurea tenoreana
Willk.; Linnaea 30: 117 (1859)
Distribution: Italy (C-Appennini)
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. tenoreana (Willk.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 205 (1976)
= Centaurea incana Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1(Prodr.): LI (1812), nom. illeg.
species :
Centaurea tenorei
Guss. ex Lacaita; Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. s. 29: 174 (1922 publ. 1923)
Name: Tenore-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; S-Italy
11 ger 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea dissecta Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1(Prodr.): LI (1812), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea parlatoris subsp. tenorei (Guss. ex Lacaita) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 197 (1976)
species :
Centaurea theryi
Emb. & Maire; Pl. Marocc. Nov. (Arch. Sci. Marocc.), Fasc. II. 5 (1929)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea theryi Emb. & Maire ex Emb. & Maire; Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc, Nos. 21-22: 39 (1930)
species :
Centaurea thessala
Hausskn.; Mitth. Bot. Ver. Jena 5: 86 (1889)
Distribution: NC-Greece (Thessalia)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea attica subsp. drakiensis (Freyn & Sint.) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71: 198 (1976)
= Centaurea drakiensis Freyn & Sint.; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 5: 783 (1897)
= Centaurea orphanidea subsp. thessala (Hausskn.) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 203 (1975 publ. 1976)
= Centaurea thessala subsp. drakiensis (Freyn & Sint.) T.Georgiadis; Contr. Phylogén. Centaurea L. (sect. Acrolophus (Cass.) DC.) en Grèce 68 (1980)
species :
Centaurea thirkei
Sch.Bip.; Linnaea 19: 314 (1846)
Distribution: Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Moldova; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
13 BUL ROM TUE 14 MLD 34 TUR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea napulifera subsp. thirkei (Sch.Bip.) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 210 (1975 publ. 1976)
= Cyanus banchevae Kaya; Fresenius Environm. Bull. 26(12) 7529, figs. 1-6: (2017)
= Cyanus thirkei (Sch.Bip.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 145 (1973)
species :
Centaurea thracica
(Janka) Gugler; Centaur. Ung. National Mus. 203 (1907)
Distribution: Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (NC-Greece, Evvoia, Epiros); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, WN-Anatolia)
13 BUL GRC ROM TUE 34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Macrolophus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea monacantha Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 681 (1875)
= Centaurea thracica (Janka) Hayek; Stoj. & Stef., Fl. Bálg. 1194 (1925), et Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30(2): (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balcan.) 795 (1931), isonym
= Centaurea tubiformis Halácsy ex Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30(2): 795 (1931)
= Microlophus thracicus (Janka) Soják; Novit. Bot. Del. Sem. Horti Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag. 47 (1962)
= Serratula thracica Janka; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 22: 178 (1872)
species :
Centaurea thuillieri
(Dostál) J.Duvign. & Lambinon; Nouv. Fl. Belg., Grand-Duché Luxemb., Nord France, éd. 2,: 829 (1978)
Name: Dunkelschuppige Wiesen-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: England; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland, Sachsen-Anhalt); N-Spain; France; Corsica; Italy
10 GRB 11 BGM GER LUX NET 12 COR FRA SPA 13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Jacea. Often treated as subspecies of C. jacea but recently quite often separated as species.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea debeauxii subsp. grandiflora (Gaudin) Devesa & Arnelas; Fl. Iber. [Castroviejo et al.] 16: 460 (2014)
= Centaurea debeauxii subsp. pratensis (Thuill. ex DC.) Smythies; Englera 3(1): 137 (1984)
= Centaurea debeauxii subsp. thuillieri Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71: 207 (1976)
= Centaurea debeauxii var. pumila P.D.Sell; P. D. Sell & G. Murrell, 531 (2006)
= Centaurea debeauxii var. thuillieri (Dostál) P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 4: 531 (2006)
= Centaurea jacea f. latifolia Fuckel; 183 (1856)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. berheri Berher; Louis, Fl. Vosges, éd. 2: 140 (1887)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. grandiflora (Gaudin) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg 547 (1834)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. pratensis (Thuill.) Celak.; Prodr. Fl. Böhmen 250 (1871)
= Centaurea jacea var. commutata W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv., ed. 2: 469 (1844)
= Centaurea jacea var. grandiflora Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 5: 405 (1829)
= Centaurea jacea var. pratensis Thuill. ex DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 4(1): 91 (1805)
= Centaurea nigra subsp. pratensis (Boenn.) H.P.Fuchs; 629 (1980)
= Centaurea nigrescens var. pratensis (Gray) Boenn.; Prodr. Fl. Monast. Westphal. 261 (1824)
= Centaurea pratensis Thuill.; Fl. Paris. ed. II. 444 (1799), non Salisb. 1796
= Phrygia pratensis (Thuill.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 442 (1821)
species :
Centaurea timbalii
Martrin-Donos; Pl. Crit. Tarn, 382 (1862)
Name: Timbal-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Netherlands [I]; Belgium; Germany (Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland); Portugal; Spain; France; Italy [I]
11 BGM GER net 12 FRA POR SPA 13 ita
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Jacea. Often treated as subspecies of C. jacea but recently quite often separated as species.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea amara proles approximata Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 1: 84 (1898)
= Centaurea amara subsp. timbalii (Martrin-Donos) Braun-Blanq.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 71: 881 (1924)
= Centaurea jacea proles approximata (Rouy) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 123 (1905)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. timbalii (Martrin-Donos) Braun-Blanq.; Groupem. Veg. France Medit. 138 (1952)
= Centaurea jacea var. approximata (Gren. ex Gren.) Hayek; 201 (1919)
= Centaurea pannonica subsp. approximata (Gren. ex Rouy) G.H.Loos; Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins (2010)
= Centaurea vinyalsii subsp. approximata (Gren. ex Rouy) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 206 (1976)
species :
Centaurea toletana
Boiss. & Reut.; Diagn. Pl. Nov. Hisp. 18 (1842)
Distribution: C- & E-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Subsect. Lagascanae
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea acaulis Cav. ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 150 (1865)
= Centaurea cavanillesiana Graells; Mém. Acad. Cienc. Madr. 2: 464 (1859)
= Centaurea macrorrhiza var. toletana (Boiss. & Reut.) Willk.; Linnaea 25: 38 (1852)
= Centaurea toletana var. cavanillesiana (Graells) Amo; Fl. Fan. Peníns. Ibérica 4: 336 (1872)
= Colymbada toletana (Boiss. & Reut.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 228 (1974)
species :
Centaurea tomentella
Hand.-Mazz.; Ann. K.K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 27: 450, t. 17 (1913)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea tommasinii
A.Kern.; Sched. Fl. Exsicc. Austr. Hungar. 1: 86 (1881)
Distribution: NE-Italy; Croatia
13 CRO ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, spinosociliata agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta tommasinii (A.Kern.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
= Centaurea spinosociliata subsp. tommasinii (A.Kern.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 198 (1976)
species :
Centaurea tomorosii
Micevski; Acta Bot. Croat. 44: 84 (1985)
Distribution: North Macedonia (Galicica Planina); N-Greece (near border)
13 GRC NMA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Maculosae, triniifolia agg.
species :
Centaurea torreana
Ten.; Ind. Sem. Horti Neap. 1829: 15 (1830)
Distribution: SE-Italy (Mte, Gargano)
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Calcitrapa, Status uncertain
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea calcitrapa subsp. torreana (Ten.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 431 (1879)
species :
Centaurea tossiensis
Freyn & Sint.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 44: 258 (1894)
Distribution: Turkey (N-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta tossiensis (Freyn & Sint.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 143 (1973)
species :
Centaurea tougourensis
Boiss. & Reut.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 76 (1856)
Distribution: S-Algeria (Jbel Aurès)
20 ALG
species :
Centaurea trachonitica
Post; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 24: 434 (1888)
Distribution: Syria (Jbel Druze)
34 SYR
species :
Centaurea transcaucasica
Sosn. ex Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza [Grossheim], ed. 1, 4: 212 (1934)
subspecies :
subsp. transcaucasica
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan
33 ARM AZE GEO NCS
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea shemakhensis Sosn.; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Tbiliss., Fasc. 21, 56 (1959)
= Centaurea transcaucasica Sosn.; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Thbiliss., Fasc. 21, 56 (1959)
subspecies :
subsp. alexandri
(Bordz.) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 85(3): 121 (2000)
Distribution: Armenia
33 ARM
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alexandri Bordz.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 36: 306 (1934)
subspecies :
subsp. georgica
(Klokov) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 85(3): 121 (2000)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]
33 GEO
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea georgica Klokov; Fl. URSS 28: 557, 619 (1963)
species :
Centaurea treskana
Micevski; Prilozi Oddel. Biol. Med. Nauki lhlakedonska Akad. Nauk Urnet., 8(1-2): 47 (1987 publ. 1990)
Distribution: North Macedonia
13 NMA
species :
Centaurea triamularia
Aldén; Bot. Not. 129(3): 303 (1976)
Distribution: NC-Greece (mountains, very rare)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea pterocephala DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 597 (1838)
species :
Centaurea trichocephala
M.Bieb. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 2286 (1803)
Name: Haarköpfige Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Poland [I]; France [I]; Romania; S-European Russia; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Siberia (W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Iran (NE-Iran: Mts.)
11 ger pol 12 fra 13 ROM 14 MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ 33 NCS 34 IRN
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Lepteranthus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea austriaca C.A.Mey.; Verz. Pfl. Casp. Meer. 64 (1831), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea hyssopifolia Georgi; Beschr. Nation. Russ. Reich 3(4): 1263 (1779)
= Centaurea pectinata Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 632 (1875)
= Jacea trichocephala (M.Bieb.) Soják; Cas. Nar Muz. (Prague), 140(3-4): 133 (1972)
species :
Centaurea triniifolia
Heuff.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 8: 27 (1858)
subspecies :
subsp. triniifolia
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania
13 KOS NMA ROM SRB
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Maculosae, triniifolia agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta triniifolia (Heuff.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 134 (1972)
= Centaurea myriostoma Vis. & Pancic; Mem. Reale Ist. Veneto Sci. 12: 470 (1864)
subspecies :
subsp. campylacme
(Bornm.) Wagenitz; Phytotaxa 348(2): 85 (2018)
Distribution: North Macedonia (Galicica Planina); Albania (Prespa); N-Greece (close to broder)
13 ALB GRC NMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea campylacme Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 38(2): 459 (1921)
species :
Centaurea triumfettii
All.; Auct. Syn. Stirp. Horti Taur. 16 (1773)
subspecies :
subsp. triumfettii
Name: Filz-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: Switzerland; France; Italy
11 SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea aichingeriana Welw. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 848 (1831)
= Centaurea cyanoides DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 578 (1838)
= Centaurea montana subsp. angustifolia P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 1022 (1940)
= Centaurea ochrolepis Vuk.; Rad Jugoslav. Akad. Znan. 58: 149 (1881)
= Centaurea pyrenaica Biehler; Pl. Nov. Herb. Spreng. 39 (1807)
= Cyanus triumfettii (All.) Dostál ex Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 44 (1961)
subspecies :
subsp. adscendens
(Bartl.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 209 (1976)
Distribution: Austria; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria
11 AUT 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO KOS MNT ROM SLV SRB
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea adscendens (Bartl.) Prodan; Centaur. Român. 65 (1930)
= Centaurea floccosa Schloss. & Vuk.; Rad Jugoslav. Akad. Znan. 58: 149 (1881), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea montana var. adscendens Bartl.; Beitr. Bot. 2: 121 (1825)
= Centaurea montana var. intermedia Rouy ex M.B.Martin; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 35: 443 (1888)
= Centaurea triumfettii var. adscendens (Bartl.) Hayek; Fl. Steiermark 2: 637 (1913)
= Cyanus adscendens (Bartl.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 131 (1972)
= Cyanus triumfettii subsp. adscendens (Bartl.) Wagenitz; Exkursionsfl. Istrien 16 (2014)
subspecies :
subsp. angelescui
(Grint.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 209 (1976)
Distribution: SE-Romania; Moldova
13 ROM 14 MLD
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea angelescui (Grint.) Czerep.; Fl. URSS 28: 406 (1963)
= Centaurea stricta subsp. angelescui (Grint.) Prodan
= Centaurea stricta var. angelescui (Grint.) Borza
= Cyanus angelescui (Grint.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 307 (1977)
subspecies :
subsp. axillaris
(Willd. ex Celak.) Stef. & T.Georgiev; Spis. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 44: 160 (1931)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [I]); Switzerland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; France; Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (widespread in mainland mountains, Thasos, Evvoia); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (Jbel Druze)
11 CZE GER SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB 34 IRN IRQ LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea axillaris f. humilis Woerl.; 161 (1885)
= Centaurea axillaris f. integrifolia Woerl.; 161 (1885)
= Centaurea axillaris f. laciniata Woerl.; 161 (1885)
= Centaurea axillaris Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 2290 (1803), nom. cons. prop.
= Centaurea cana Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 2: 198 (1813)
= Centaurea ledebourii Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 320 (1840)
= Centaurea montana proles axillaris (Willd.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 143 (1905)
= Centaurea montana subsp. axillaris (Willd.) Celak.; Prodr. Fl. Böhmen 2: 252 (1871)
= Centaurea montana var. axillaris (Willd.) C.F.W.Jess.; (1879)
= Centaurea ochrolepis Schloss. & Vuk.; Rad Jugos. Akad. Zagreb. 58: 149 (1881), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea serebrowskyi Sosn.; Vestn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada, n. s. 2: 92 (1924-1925 publ. 1926)
= Centaurea triumfettii subf. albiflora Rothe ex Dostál; Domin, 74 (1931)
= Centaurea triumfettii subf. gracillima (Beck) Dostál; Domin, 74 (1931)
= Centaurea triumfettii subf. intermedia (Cariot) Dostál; Domin, 74 (1931)
= Centaurea triumfettii subf. ochrolepis Schloss. & Vuk. ex Dostál; 74 (1931)
= Centaurea triumfettii f. glabrescens (Gugler) Dostál; Domin, 74 (1931)
= Centaurea triumfettii f. lobata (Briq.) Dostál; Domin, 74 (1931)
= Centaurea triumfettii subsp. aligera (Gugler) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71: 208 (1976), nom. superfl.
= Centaurea triumfettii subsp. cana (Sm.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 209 (1976)
= Centaurea triumfettii var. candicans (Briq.) Dostál; Domin, 74 (1931)
= Centaurea variegata subsp. cana (Sm.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 423 (1879)
= Centaurea variegata var. aligera Gugler; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Natl. Hung. 6: 111 (1907)
= Centaurea variegata var. axillaris (Willd.) Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: 73 (1931), nom. superfl.
= Cyanus axillaris (Willd.) J.Presl & C.Presl; Fl. Cech. 179 (1819), nom. illeg.
= Cyanus canus (Sm.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
= Cyanus triumfettii subsp. axillaris (Celak.) Stepánek; B. Slavík & Stepánková, 455 (2004)
= Cyanus triumfettii subsp. axillaris (Willd. ex Celak.) Greuter; Willdenowia 35(2): 229 (2005)
subspecies :
subsp. semidecurrens
(Jord.) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71(3): 209 (1975 publ. 1976)
Distribution: NE-Spain; France
12 FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea axillaris f. occitanica Rouy ex M.B.Martin; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 35: 442 (1888)
= Centaurea axillaris var. occitanica (Rouy ex M.B.Martin) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 143 (1905)
= Centaurea montana Costa; Introd. Fl. Cataluña 139 (1864), nom. illeg.
= Centaurea montana f. semidecurrens (Jord.) López Fern.; Pirineos 105: 30 (1972)
= Centaurea montana subsp. semidecurrens (Jord.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17(1): 92 (1987 publ. 1988)
= Centaurea montana var. axillarioides Loret; Rev. Sci. 3: 566 (1865)
= Centaurea montana var. catalaunica Pau ex Cadevall; Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 2: 122 (1902)
= Centaurea montana var. incana Neilr.; Fl. Wien 257 (1846)
= Centaurea semidecurrens Jord.; Obs. Pl. Crit. 5: 52 (1847)
= Centaurea triumfettii var. semidecurrens (Jord.) Muñoz Rodr. & Devesa; Acta Bot. Malac. 11: 36 (2012)
= Cyanus semidecurrens (Jord.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 145 (1973)
species :
Centaurea tuberosa
Vis.; Fl. Slovenia (Dalmatia). 2: 33, t. 12, f. 2 (1847)
Distribution: S-Croatia; S-Bosnia & Hercegovina
13 BIH CRO
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea napulifera subsp. tuberosa (Vis.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 209 (1976)
= Cyanus tuberosus (Vis.) Bancheva & Raimondo; Bocconea 16(2): 520 (2003)
= Cyanus tuberosus (Vis.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
species :
Centaurea tuntasia
Heldr. ex Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 646 (1898)
Distribution: C-Greece (Attiki)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Sect. Acrocentron
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada tuntasia (Heldr. ex Halácsy) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 228 (1974)
species :
Centaurea turkestanica
Franch.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 6, 16: 325 (1883)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan (Tianshan); Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Orozgan / Daykundi)
32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG
species :
Centaurea turhanii
Uysal & Hamzaoglu; Turk. J. Bot. 48(1): 59 (2024)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea tuzgoluensis
Aytaç & H.Duman; Belg. J. Bot. 139: 256 (2007)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea tymphaea
Hausskn.; Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2(1): 186 (1889), et in Mitth. Thür. Bot. Ver. N. Folge 7: 44 (1895)
Distribution: Albania; North Macedonia; Greece (N- & NC-Greece, Thasos, Athos)
13 ALB GRC NMA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Cylindracea
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta lactiflora (Halácsy) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 303 (1977)
= Acosta tymphaea (Hausskn.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
= Centaurea brevispina Hausskn.; Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2(1): 187 (1889), et in Mitth. Thür. Bot. Ver. N. Folge 7: 46 (1895) (fide Strid 2024)
= Centaurea lactiflora Halácsy; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 601 (1898) (fide Strid 2024)
= Centaurea tymphaea subsp. brevispina (Hausskn.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 203 (1976)
species :
Centaurea ugamica
Iljin; Bot. Zhurn. S.S.S.R. 27: 143 (1942)
Distribution: Uzbekistan
32 UZB
species :
Centaurea ulrichiorum
Wagenitz, F.H.Hellw. & Parolly; Willdenowia 36(1): 424 (2006)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea ultreiae
Silva Pando; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 44(2): 422 (1987)
Distribution: NW-Spain (La Coruna)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Subsect. Lagascanae
variant :
var. bazarensis
Blanco-Dios; Acta Bot. Malac. 27: 244 (2002)
Distribution: NW-Spain (La Coruna)
12 SPA
species :
Centaurea uniflora
Turra; Farset. Nov. Gen. 12 (1765)
Name: Einköpfige Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: SE-France; NW-Italy
12 FRA 13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Jacea, Sect. Lepteranthus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea uniflora var. tineana Briq.; Centaur. Alpes Marit. 100 (1902)
= Jacea uniflora (Turra) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 133 (1972)
species :
Centaurea urgellensis
Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 75: 447 (1928)
Distribution: SW-France (E-Pyrenees)
12 FRA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Paniculatae
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta urgellensis (Sennen) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 (1974)
species :
Centaurea urvillei
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 592 (1838)
subspecies :
subsp. urvillei
Name: d´Urvilles Flockenblume (DE); d´Urvilles Star-thistle (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Kos, Kalimnos, Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)
34 EAI IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea chiosicola Beauverd & Topali; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, Sér. 2, 26: 156 (1936)
= Centaurea cyrtolepis Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 2: 709 (1845)
= Centaurea doryphora Fenzl; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 665 (1875)
= Centaurea myconia Boiss. & Sart.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 6: 113 (1859)
= Centaurea raphanina d´Urv.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 372 (1822)
= Centaurea smyrneae Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 4: 20 (1844), in textu
= Centaurea subacaulis Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 2: 709 (1845)
= Colymbada cyrtolepis (Ledeb.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7: 315 (1972)
= Colymbada urvillei (DC.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
subspecies :
subsp. armata
Wagenitz; Willdenowia 6(3): 491 (1972)
Name: Bewehrte Flockenblume (DE); Armed Star-thistle (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos); Turkey (SW-Anatolia)
34 EAI TUR
subspecies :
subsp. deinacantha
(Boiss. & Hausskn.) Wagenitz; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 139B: 388 (1980)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea deinacantha Boiss. & Hausskn.; Fl. Orient. 3: 665 (1875)
= Centaurea urvillei var. longicaulis Parsa; Kew Bull. 2: 201 (1948)
subspecies :
subsp. hayekiana
Wagenitz; Willdenowia 6(3): 492 (1972)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
subspecies :
subsp. nimrodis
(Boiss. & Hausskn.) Wagenitz; Willdenowia 6(3): 494 (1972)
Distribution: Turkey; Iraq; Iran
34 IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea nimrodis Boiss. & Hausskn.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 664 (1875)
= Colymbada nimrodis (Boiss. & Hausskn.) Holub; Preslia 45(2): 144 (1973)
subspecies :
subsp. stepposa
Wagenitz; Willdenowia 6: 489 (1972)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea ustulata
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 576 (1838)
Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea uysalii
Sirin & Çeçen; Turk. J. Bot. 43(6): 810 (2019)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus uysalii (Sirin & Çeçen) Negaresh; Phytotaxa 440(3): 245 (2020)
species :
Centaurea valdemonensis
Domina, Di Grist. & Barone; Biodivers. Data J. 10(e91505): 8 (2022)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
species :
Centaurea valesiaca
(DC.) Jord.; Pug. Pl. Nov. 111 (1852)
Name: Walliser Flockenblume
Distribution: Switzerland; SE-France; NW-Italy (SW-Alps)
11 SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta vallesiaca (DC.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 (1974)
= Centaurea maculosa subsp. valesiaca (DC.) H.P.Fuchs; Feddes Repert. 90(9-10): 636 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Centaurea paniculata subsp. valesiaca (DC.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 426 (1879)
= Centaurea paniculata var. valesiaca DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 584 (1838)
species :
Centaurea vandasii
Velen.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 45: 72 (1895)
Distribution: North Macedonia; S-Bulgaria (Rodopi); NE-Greece (Mt. Beles)
13 BUL GRC NMA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, sect. Phalolepis, alba agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea alba subsp. vandasii (Velen.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 205 (1976)
species :
Centaurea vanensis
Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 223 (1974)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)
34 IRN TUR
species :
Centaurea vankovii
Klokov; Fl. URSS 28: 618 (1963)
Distribution: Ukraine; Crimea
14 KRY UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea sterilis subsp. vankovii (Klokov) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 204 (1976)
species :
Centaurea varnensis
Velen.; Fl. Bulg. 313 (1891)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Austria [I]; Poland [I]; France [I]; Romania; Bulgaria; Ukraine
11 aut ger pol 12 fra 13 BUL ROM 14 UKR
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Pannophyllum
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta varnensis (Velen.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 (1974)
species :
Centaurea vatevii
Degen, Urumov & H.Wagner; Magyar Bot. Lapok 14: 76 (1915)
Distribution: Bulgaria
13 BUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea pallidior subsp. vatevii (Degen, Urumov & H.Wagner) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 197 (1976)
species :
Centaurea vavilovii
Takht. & Gabrieljan; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 72(12): 1657 (1987)
Distribution: Armenia
33 ARM
species :
Centaurea velenovskyi
Adamovic; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 43: 172 (1893)
Distribution: Serbia (Stara Planina)
13 SRB
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea napulifera subsp. velenovskyi (Adamovic) Wagenitz & E.Gamal-Eldin; Mountain Fl. Greece [Strid] 2: 523 (1991)
= Cyanus velenovskyi (Adamovic) Wagenitz & E.Gamal-Eldin; Mountain Fl. Greece [Strid] 2: 523 (1991)
species :
Centaurea veneris
(Sommier) Bég.; Arch. Bot. (Forlì) 7: 90 (1931)
Distribution: NW-Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Pannophyllum
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta veneris (Sommier) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 304 (1977)
= Centaurea cineraria subsp. veneris (Sommier) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 196 (1976)
= Centaurea cineraria var. veneris Sommier; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 1: 88 (1894)
species :
Centaurea vermia
Rech.f.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 69: 526 (1939)
Distribution: N-Greece (Mt. Vermion)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Status uncertain, known only from two collections, doubtfully distinct from C. affinis.
species :
Centaurea vermiculigera
Hub.-Mor.; Bauhinia 3: 321, t. 27 (1967)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea verutum
L.; Cent. Pl. 1: 30 (1755)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel)
11 ger 34 ISR LEB
Synonyms: hidden
= Calcitrapa verutum (L.) Moench; Methodus [Moench] 563 (1794)
= Crocodilium verutum (L.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. 217 (1826)
= Verutina heterophylla Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2 [F. Cuvier] 58: 9 (1829), nom. superfl.
species :
Centaurea vesceritensis
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 3: 76 (1856)
Distribution: Algeria; ?Tunisia
20 ALG
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea affinis var. vesceritensis Quézel & Santa
= Centaurea olivieri Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 282 (1874)
species :
Centaurea vichrenensis
(Skokanová) Raus & Strid; Phytol. Balcan. 26(3): 505 (2020)
Distribution: Bulgaria (Pirin Mts.)
13 BUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus vichrenensis Skokanová; Pl. Syst. Evol. 305(8): 590 (2019)
species :
Centaurea virescens
(Guss.) Domina & Raimondo; Phytotaxa 527(4): 244 (2021)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Dissectae
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea parlatoris subsp. virescens (Guss.) Raimondo & Bancheva; Fl. Medit. (2009)
= Centaurea parlatoris var. virescens Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Syn. 2(1): 510 (1844)
species :
Centaurea virgata
Lam.; Encycl. 1: 670 (1785)
subspecies :
subsp. virgata
Distribution: Turkey (Central Anatolia, E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SE-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria); Saudi Arabia (Asir)
34 LEB SYR TUR 35 SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta virgata (Lam.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7(3): 314 (1972)
= Centaurea leptocephala Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 10: 110 (1849)
subspecies :
subsp. squarrosa
(Willd.) Gugler; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Hung. 6: 248 (1907)
Distribution: France [I]; North Macedonia [I]; Siberia (Krasnoyarsk [I], W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Armenia; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Baghlan, Bamyan, Farah, Faryab, Ghazni, Ghorat, Herat, Kabul, Logar, Wardak, Orozgan / Daykundi, Parwan, Takhar, Zabul); China (Xinjiang); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram); USA [I] (California [I], Colorado [I], Michigan [I], Nevada [I], Oregon [I], Utah [I], Wyoming [I])
12 fra 13 nma 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE NCS 34 AFG IRN IRQ 36 CHI 40 PAK 73 usa 75 usa 76 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta squarrosa (Willd.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140 (3-4): 134 (1972)
= Acrolophus squarrosus (Willd.) Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 4: 291 (1937)
= Centaurea parviflora Kar. & Kir.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 450 (1841)
= Centaurea pseudosquarrosa Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 85(3): 119 (2000), nom. nov.
= Centaurea squarrosa var. auriculata Dumbadze; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Armyanskoi S.S.R. 5(2): 50 (1946)
= Centaurea squarrosa var. brevispina Dumbadze; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Armyanskoi S.S.R. 5(2): 50 (1946)
= Centaurea squarrosa var. colensis K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 434 (1851)
= Centaurea squarrosa var. paleacea Dumbadze; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Armyanskoi S.S.R. 5(2): 50 (1946)
= Centaurea squarrosa var. pilosiuscula Dumbadze; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Armyanskoi S.S.R. 5(2): 50 (1946)
= Centaurea squarrosa var. rubella Sch.Bip.; Pl. Alepp. Kurd. Moss. Exsicc. [Hohenacker] 303 (1843)
= Centaurea squarrosa Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 111, 2319 (1804)
= Centaurea virgata var. squarrosa (Willd.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 651 (1875), not Roth (1800)
species :
Centaurea visianii
Radic; Acta Biokovica 1: 129 (1981)
Distribution: Croatia
13 CRO
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Pannophyllum, cuspidata agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea cuspidata subsp. visianii (Radic) Radic; Pavletic et al., Zborn. Rob. Visianija Sibenc. 416 (1983)
= Centaurea visianiana Plazibat; Nat. Croat. 9(Suppl. 1): 81 (2000), nom. nov. superfl.
species :
Centaurea vlachorum
Hartvig; Nordic J. Bot. 1(6): 705 (1981 publ. 1982)
Distribution: Albania; NW-Greece
13 ALB GRC
species :
Centaurea vorasana
(Skokanová) Raus & Strid; Phytol. Balcan. 26(3): 505 (2020)
Distribution: North Macedonia; NW-Greece (mountains)
13 GRC NMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanus vorasanus Skokanová; Pl. Syst. Evol. 305(8): 587 (2019)
species :
Centaurea wagenitzii
Hub.-Mor.; Bauhinia 3: 315, t. 17 (1967)
Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea wallichiana
Less.; Linnaea 6: 84 (1831)
Distribution: Nepal
40 NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Amberboa wallichiana (Less.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 558 (1838)
species :
Centaurea wendelboi
Wagenitz; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 139b: 370, t. 422 (1980)
Distribution: Iran (S-Iran); Oman (Mascat & Oman)
34 IRN 35 OMA
species :
Centaurea werneri
Wagenitz, F.H.Hellw. & Parolly; Willdenowia 36(1): 429 (2006)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea wettsteinii
Degen & Dörfl.; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 64: 726 (1897)
Distribution: North Macedonia; N-Greece (close to border, incl. Mt. Tzena)
13 GRC NMA
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Centaurea, Ser. Pannophyllum
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta wettsteinii (Degen & Dörfl.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 (1974)
species :
Centaurea wiedemanniana
Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Ind. Sem. Horti Petrop. 2: 32 (1835)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea wolgensis
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 581 (1838)
Distribution: S-European Russia; Kazakhstan
14 RUS 32 KAZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Phaeopappus wolgensis (DC.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 602 (1875)
species :
Centaurea woronowii
Bornm.; Sosn., Vestn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada n. s. 2: 90 (1926)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey (NE-Anatolia)
33 GEO 34 TUR
Remarks: subgen. Cyanus
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea triumfettii var. pleiocephala Bornm.; Vestn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 32: 6 (1914)
= Cyanus woronowii (Bornm. ex Sosn.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 132 (1972)
species :
Centaurea xaveri
N.Garcia Jacas & Susanna; Willdenowia 23(1-2): 97 (1993)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
species :
Centaurea xylobasis
Rech.f.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 43: 145 (1938)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Samos)
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea xylobasis Rech.f., Rech.f.; Phyton 1: 217 (1949), descr. ampl.
species :
Centaurea yaltirikii
N.Aksoy, H.Duman & Efe; Nordic J. Bot. 26(1-2): 53 (2008)
subspecies :
subsp. yaltirikii
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
subspecies :
subsp. dumanii
N.Aksoy & Efe; J. Food Agric. Environm. 8(3-4): 1213 (2010)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea yemensis
Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41: 457, f. 1 (1984)
Distribution: Yemen (W-Yemen)
35 YEM
species :
Centaurea yozgatensis
Wagenitz; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 98B(Suppl.): 176 (1996)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea zaferii
Negaresh; Candollea 72(2): 320 (2017)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea foliosa Boiss. & Kotschy; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 672 (1875)
species :
Centaurea zagrosmontana
Ranjbar & Heydari; Phytotaxa 277(2): 189 (2016)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Centaurea zangulensis
Ranjbar & Negaresh; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(4): 242 (2013)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea elegantissima var. albiflora Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 51: 289 (1942)
species :
Centaurea zarrei
Negaresh; Phytotaxa 363(1): 114 (2018)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea zeybekii
Wagenitz; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 218 (1974)
Distribution: Turkey (W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta zeybekii (Wagenitz) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 11(1): 80 (1976)
species :
Centaurea ziganensis
Yüzb., M.Bona & I.Genç; PhytoKeys 53: 29 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Centaurea zlatarskyana
Urum. & J.Wagner; Magyar Bot. Lapok 6: 166 (1907)
Distribution: Bulgaria
13 BUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Jacea zlatarskyana (Urum. & J.Wagner) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 229 (1974)
species :
Centaurea zlatiborensis
Zlatkovic, Novakovic & Janackovic; Nordic J. Bot. 36(6)-e01893: 2 (2018)
Distribution: Serbia (Zlatibor Mt.)
13 SRB
Remarks: sect. Acrocentron
species :
Centaurea zuccariniana
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 574 (1838)
Distribution: S-Albania; Greece (NW-Greece, C-Greece, N-Peloponnisos)
13 ALB GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Centaurea, Sect. Pseudoplumosae
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta zuccariniana (DC.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 227 (1974)
species :
Centaurea ×aellenii
Arènes; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 18: 179 (1946)
Distribution: Spain; France; etc.
12 FRA SPA
Remarks: C. calcitrapa x sostitialis
species :
Centaurea ×andresiana
Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 1: 1 (1982)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea argecillensis x Centaurea cephalariifolia
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×ceballosii nothosubsp. andresiana (Fern.Casas & Susanna) A.Segura, Mateo & J.Benito, Cat.Fl.Soria 111 (1998)
= Centaurea ×ceballosii nothovar. andresiana (Fern.Casas & Susanna) Fern.Casas & Susanna in Fontqueria 7: 1 (1985)
= Colymbada ×andresiana (Fern.Casas & Susanna) Fern.Casas & Susanna in Fontqueria 2: 20 (1982)
species :
Centaurea ×austriacoides
Wol.; Spraw. Komis. Fizjogr. 27: 206 (1892)
Distribution: Czech Republic; etc.
11 CZE
Remarks: Centaurea jacea x phrygia
species :
Centaurea ×basilei
Sennen; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 11: 198 (1912)
Distribution: Spain; Baleares (Ibiza & Formentera)
12 BAL SPA
Remarks: Centaurea cephalariifolia x Centaurea collina
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea collina subsp. serratulifolia (Sennen & Pau ex Hayek) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 123 (1913)
= Centaurea ×collina nothosubsp. serratulifolia Hayek; Centaureae Exsicc. Crit. Fasc. I, no. 13 (1913), in sched., pro subsp.
= Centaurea ×serratulifolia (Hayek) Sennen; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 15: 231 (1916), pro sp.
= Centaurea ×sylvatica nothof. microcephala Sennen; Pl. Espagne 1914, no. 1985 (1914-1915), in sched.
= Centaurea ×sylvatica nothovar. catalaunica Sennen; Pl. Espagne 1924, no. 5077 (1924-1925), in sched., nom. nud.
= Centaurea ×sylvatica nothovar. inermis Sennen; Pl. Espagne 1924, no. 5077 (1924-1925), in sched.
= Centaurea ×sylvatica nothovar. valdespina Sennen; Anuari Junta Ci. Nat. Barcelona 2: 649 (1917)
= Colymbada serratulifolia (Sennen & Pau) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 304 (1977)
species :
Centaurea ×beckiana
Müllner; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 38: 27 (1888)
Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern); Czech Republic; etc.
11 CZE GER
Remarks: Centaurea pannonica x stoebe
Synonyms: hidden
= xJaceacosta ×beckiana (Müllner) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 83: 655 (1973)
species :
Centaurea ×bigerrensis
Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 27: 132 (1928)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea alba ssp. alba x langei ssp. kheilii
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea paniculata var. septentrionalis Arènes
= Centaurea schousboei subsp. septentrionalis (Arènes) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 198 (1976)
= Centaurea ×paniculata nothovar. septentrionalis Arènes; Agron. Lusit. 11: 24 (1949), pro var.
= Centaurea ×petri-montserratii A.Segura; Monogr. Inst. Piren. Ecol. 4: 356 (1988)
= Centaurea ×schousboei nothosubsp. septentrionalis (Arènes) Dostál; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 71: 198 (1976), pro subsp.
species :
Centaurea ×bilbilitana
Pau; Actas Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 23: 137 (1894)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea alba ssp. aristifera x Centaurea pinnata
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×bilbilitana nothof. paredensis G.López; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 37: 98 (1980)
= Centaurea ×paredensis (G.López) Mateo & Arán; Flora Montiber. 16: 11 (2000)
species :
Centaurea ×broteroana
Font Quer; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 19: 261 (1944)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea calcitrapa x Centaurea costae (var. maluqueri)
species :
Centaurea ×castellano-manchensis
Mateo & M.B.Crespo; Fl. Montiberica 41: 29 (2009)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea castellanoides ssp. talaverae x Centaurea melitensis
species :
Centaurea ×cavarae
Guadagno ex Del Guacchio, Cennamo & P.Caputo; Turk. J. Bot. 44(4): 450 (2020)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Centaurea deusta x montaltensis
species :
Centaurea ×ceballosii
Fern.Casas; Exsicc. Quaed. Nobis Distr. IV: 17 (1981)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea cephalariifolia x Centaurea toletana
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada ×ceballosii (Fern.Casas) Fern.Casas & Susanna in Fontqueria 2: 20 (1982)
= xColycea valdesii-bermejoi (Fern.Casas & Susanna) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 21 (1982), without basionym
species :
Centaurea ×cephalariseptimae
Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 9: 16 (1985)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea cephalariifolia x Centaurea legionis-septimae
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×cephalariseptimae nothovar. cremenensis Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 10: 7 (1986)
species :
Centaurea ×dobroczaevae
Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 22: 275 (1985)
Distribution: European Russia
14 RUS
Remarks: Centaurea diffusa x pseudomaculosa
species :
Centaurea ×doumerguei
Faure & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 27: 238 (1936)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
Remarks: Centaurea involucrata x infestans
Synonyms: hidden
= Carduncellus ×doumerguei (Faure & Maire) Hanelt; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 67: 169 (1963)
species :
Centaurea ×eclipsislunae
Mateo & M.B.Crespo; Fl. Montiberica 36: 4 (2007)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea aspera ssp. aspera x Centaurea beltrani
species :
Centaurea ×eliasii
Sennen & Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 13: 43 (1914)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea alba ssp. alba (var. latronum) x Centaurea calcitrapa
species :
Centaurea ×esguevana
Fern.Alonso & Fern.Casas; Fontqueria 36: 451 (1993)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea jacea ssp. angustifolia x Centaurea langei ssp. langei
species :
Centaurea ×extranea
Beck ex Gugler; Centaur. Ungar. 217 (1907)
Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Sachsen, Thüringen)
11 GER
Remarks: Centaurea jacea x nigrescens
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea extranea subsp. lengyelii (J.Wagner) Niketic; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Belgrade 15: 28 (2022)
= Centaurea extranea subsp. orodensis (J.Wagner) Niketic; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Belgrade 15: 29 (2022)
species :
Centaurea ×forsythiana
Levier ex Filigh., Farris, Pisanu & Urbani; Phytotaxa 166(4): 297 (2014)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Centaurea ×frayana
H.Boissieu ex Gáyer; Magyar Bot. Lapok 8: 60 (1909)
Distribution: France; etc.
12 FRA
Remarks: Centaurea diffusa x maculosa
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×barbeyana Vetter; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève 5: 11 (1888 publ. 1889)
species :
Centaurea ×genesii-lopezii
Fern.Casas & Susanna; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 39: 62 (1982)
Distribution: S-Spain (Sa. Tejeda)
12 SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Lopholoma, Subsect. Lagascanae
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea haenseleri subsp. epapposa G.Lopez Gonzalez; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 36: 287 (1979 publ. 1980)
= xColymbacosta genesii-lopezii (Fern.Casas & Susanna) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 21 (1982), without basionym page
species :
Centaurea ×gerstlaueri
Erdner; Mitt. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 1: 425 (1905)
Distribution: Germany (Berlin, Bayern, Rheinland-Pfalz, Sachsen)
11 GER
Remarks: Centaurea jacea x nigra ssp. nemoralis
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×jacea nothof. dumeticola Sennen; Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.) 1925: no. 5339 (1926)
= Centaurea ×moncktonii C.E.Britton; Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 6: 172 (1921)
species :
Centaurea ×grabowskiana
J.Wagner; Ascherson 4: 161 (1889)
Distribution: Germany (Brandenburg); etc.
11 GER
Remarks: Centaurea scabiosa x stoebe
Synonyms: hidden
= xColymbacosta grabowskiana (J.Wagner) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 85: 653 (1974)
= Centaurea ×grabowskiana Asch.; (83) (1890), nom. inval.
species :
Centaurea ×grafiana
DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 587 (1838)
Distribution: Europe
Remarks: Centaurea rupestris x scabiosa
species :
Centaurea ×grosii
Font Quer; Cavanillesia 1: 40 (1928)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×gros-miquelii Font Quer; Cavanillesia 7: 82 (1935)
species :
Centaurea ×halacsyi
Dörfl.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 51: 204 (1901)
Distribution: Greece (Amorgos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Centaurea raphanina x C. atropurpurea; fide Strid (2024)
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×nigrotriangulata Rech.f.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 14 (1934)
species :
Centaurea ×hervieri
Degen; Magyar Bot. Lapok 5: 7 (1906)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea aspera s. l. x Centaurea pullata
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×hurtadoi Blanca; Lazaroa 6: 169 (1985)
species :
Centaurea ×jaceiformis
Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 138 (1905)
Distribution: France
12 FRA
Remarks: Centaurea calcitrapa x jacea
species :
Centaurea ×juvenalis
Delile ex Godr.; Fl. Juvenalis 25 (1853)
Distribution: France; etc.
12 FRA
Remarks: Centaurea diffusa x jacea
Synonyms: hidden
= xJaceacosta juvenalis (Delile ex Godr.) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 83: 655 (1973)
species :
Centaurea ×kleinii
C.T.Roché & Susanna; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 29: 20 (2010)
Distribution: USA [I] (Oregon [I])
73 usa
Remarks: Centaurea jacea x nigra x solstitialis
species :
Centaurea ×kupcsokiana
J.Wagner; Math. Term. Közlem. 30: 141 (1910)
Distribution: Czech Republic; etc.
11 CZE
Remarks: Centaurea oxylepis x stoebe
species :
Centaurea ×livonica
Weinm.; Bot. Gart. Kais. Univ. Dorpat 1810: 38 (1810)
Distribution: Europe; Siberia (W-Siberia)
30 SIB
Remarks: Centaurea jacea x phrygia
Synonyms: hidden
= Jacea ×livonica (Weinm.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 132 (1972)
species :
Centaurea ×losana
Pau; Bol. Soc. Iber. Ci. Nat. 24: 104 (1925)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea cephalariifolia x Centaurea lagascana
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea losana var. eliasii Patino, Urrutia & J.Valencia; Flora Montiber. 88: 83 (2024)
= Centaurea ×andresii López Pach.; López Pach. et al., Dos Nuevas Especies Fl. Leonesa 5 (1979), pro sp.
= Centaurea ×andresii nothovar. sanemilianensis Patino, Urrutia & J.Valencia; Flora Montiber. 88: 87 (2024)
= Centaurea ×andresii nothovar. ubinianensis Patino, Urrutia & J.Valencia; Flora Montiber. 88: 87 (2024)
= Colymbada ×losana (Pau) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 20 (1982)
species :
Centaurea ×loscosii
Willk.; Ill. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm] 1: (1885?) t. 81, et Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 92 (1893)
Distribution: NE-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea cephalariifolia x Centaurea podospermifolia
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×caulescens Pau; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 22: 117 (1926)
= Centaurea ×loscosii nothosubsp. andresiana (Fern.Casas & Susanna) Patino, Urrutia & J.Valencia; Flora Montiber. 88: 84 (2024)
= Centaurea ×loscosii var. rafelii Patino, Urrutia & J.Valencia; Flora Montiber. 88: 84 (2024)
= Centaurea ×podospermifolia nothof. caulescens Loscos & J.Pardo; Willk. (ed.), Ser. Inconf. Pl. Aragon. 59 (1863)
= Colymbada ×loscosii (Willk.) Holub; Preslia 46: 228 (1974)
species :
Centaurea ×mairei
Faure; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 14: 260 (1923)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×maialis Sennen & Mauricio; Cat. Fl. Rif Orient. 65 (1933)
species :
Centaurea ×maritima
Dufour; Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 23: 165 (1831) [nothossp.]
subspecies :
subsp. maritima
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea aspera ssp. stenophylla x seridis ssp. jacobi
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea maritima var. virescens Pau; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 1898: 198 (1898)
= Centaurea seridis subsp. maritima (Dufour) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 203 (1976)
= Centaurea seridis var. maritima (Dufour) Lange; Index Sem. (C, Hauniensi) 1855: 22 (1855)
= Centaurea sonchifolia subsp. maritima (Dufour) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 431 (1879)
= Centaurea ×albuferae M.Costa; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 37: 292 (1981)
= Centaurea ×auricularis Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 2: 68 (1903)
= Centaurea ×semidecurrens Pau; Actas II Congr. Asoc. Esp. Progr. Cienc. 4 (1910), nom. nud.
= Centaurea ×sphaerocephala nothovar. elongata Pau; in sched., nom. nud., pro var.
= Centaurea ×subdecurrens nothosubsp. albuferae (M.J.Costa) M.J.Costa, M.B.Crespo & Mateo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 18: 94 (1990)
= Centaurea ×subdecurrens Pau; Actas Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 1898: 198 (1898)
= Centaurea ×valentina nothosubsp. albuferae (M.J.Costa) Susanna; Fontqueria 18: 51 (1988)
= Centaurea ×valentina Rouy; Ill. Pl. Eur. 14: 112 (1900)
= Centaurea ×valentina subsp. albuferae (M.Costa) Susanna; Fontqueria 18: 51 (1988)
variant :
var. aemiliae
(Font Quer) P.P.Ferrer, R.Roselló, E.Laguna, A.Guillén, Gómez Nav. & Per; Nemus 7: 86 (2017) [nothovar.]
Distribution:
Remarks: Centaurea aspera var. subinermis x seridis var. seridis
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×aemiliae Font Quer; Mem. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Ser. Bot. 1(2): 13 (1924)
= Centaurea ×valentina nothovar. aemiliae (Font Quer) Susanna; Fontqueria 18: 51 (1988)
variant :
var. erectispina
R.Roselló, P.P.Ferrer, E.Laguna, A.Guillén, Gómez Nav. & Peris; Nemus 7: 89 (2017) [nothovar.]
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
variant :
var. horizontalis
R.Roselló, P.P.Ferrer, E.Laguna, A.Guillén, Gómez Nav. & Peris; Nemus 7: 90 (2017) [nothovar.]
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
variant :
var. nasturtiifolia
R.Roselló, P.P.Ferrer, E.Laguna, A.Guillén, Gómez Nav. & Per; Nemus 7: 91 (2017) [nothovar.]
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
subspecies :
subsp. borrianensis
R.Roselló, P.P.Ferrer, E.Laguna, A.Guillén, Gómez Nav. & Per; Nemus 7: 86 (2017) [nothossp.]
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea aspera ssp. aspera x seridis ssp. jacobi
subspecies :
subsp. oblanceolata
(Merle, Garmendia & Ferriol) P.P.Ferrer, R.Roselló, E.Laguna, A.Guillén, Gómez Nav. & Per; Nemus 7: 85 (2017) [nothossp.]
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea aspera ssp. stenophylla x seridis ssp. cruenta
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×subdecurrens subsp. oblanceolata Merle, Garmendia & Ferriol; Flora Montiber. 44: 67 (2010)
subspecies :
subsp. segobricensis
(Pau) P.P.Ferrer, R.Roselló, E.Laguna, A.Guillén, Gómez Nav. & Per; Nemus 7: 85 (2017) [nothossp.]
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea aspera ssp. aspera x seridis ssp. seridis
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×segobricensis Pau; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 22: 118 (1926)
= Centaurea ×subdecurrens nothosubsp. segobricensis (Pau) Mateo & M.B.Crespo; Flora Montiber. 41: 30 (2009)
= Centaurea ×subdecurrens var. segobricensis (Pau) M.B.Crespo & Mateo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 18: 94 (1990)
species :
Centaurea ×masfitensis
Benavent, P.P.Ferrer, Ferriol, Garmendia & Merle; Flora Montiber. 78: 18 (2020)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
species :
Centaurea ×matritensis
Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 15: 69 (1916)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea alba ssp. alba x Centaurea aristata
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×soriana A.Segura ex Mateo & M.B.Crespo; Fl. Montiberica 41: 30 (2009)
species :
Centaurea ×mirabilis
Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 36: 425 (1890)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea calcitrapa x Centaurea pullata
species :
Centaurea ×mutabilis
St.-Amans; Fl. Agen. 361 (1821)
Distribution: France; etc.
12 FRA
Remarks: Centaurea solstitialis x thuillieri
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×nouletiana (Rouy & Foucaud) Arènes; Bull. Soc. Franç. Échange Pl. Vasc. 3(1): 34 (1950)
species :
Centaurea ×noguerensis
Mateo; Fl. Montiberica 33: 78 (2006)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea calcitrapa x Centaurea cephalariifolia
species :
Centaurea ×nouelii
Franch. ex H.J.Coste; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 40: 285 (1894)
Distribution: France; etc.
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×duffortii (Rouy & Foucaud) Arènes; Bull. Soc. Franç. Échange Pl. Vasc. 3(1): 34 (1950)
= Centaurea ×novelii Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 27(Sess. Extraord.): xxi (1881)
species :
Centaurea ×numantina
A.Segura; Monogr. Inst. Piren. Ecol. 4: 353 (1988)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea calcitrapa x Centaurea langei ssp. langei
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×adulterina nothosubsp. numantina (A.Segura) Mateo & M.B.Crespo; Fl. Montiberica 41: 28 (2009)
species :
Centaurea ×olweri
Font Quer; Mem. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sèr. Bot. 2: 13 (1924)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea diluta x Centaurea pullata
species :
Centaurea ×paucispina
(Ferriol, Merle & Garmendia) P.P.Ferrer, Ferriol, Merle & Garmendia; Flora Montiber. 71: 36 (2018)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea gentilii x seridis var. auriculata
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×subdecurrens nothosubsp. paucispina Ferriol, Merle & Garmendia; Pl. Biol. (Stuttgart) 17(3): 755 (2015)
species :
Centaurea ×piifontiana
Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 6: 5 (1984)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea granatensis x Centaurea mariana
species :
Centaurea ×pinillosii
Mateo & M.B.Crespo; Fl. Montiberica 41: 29 (2009)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
species :
Centaurea ×polymorpha
Lag.; Gen. Sp. Nov. 32 (1816)
Distribution: NE-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea cephalariifolia x ornata
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea minor Willd. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 403 (1826)
= Centaurea ×heribaudii Elías & Sennen; in sched., nom. nud.
= Centaurea ×joviniana Sennen & Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 6: 27 (1907)
= Colymbada ×polymorpha (Lag.) Holub; Preslia 46(3): 228 (1974)
species :
Centaurea ×pouzinii
DC.; Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. 91 (1813)
Distribution: Spain; France; etc.
12 FRA SPA
Remarks: Centaurea aspera ssp. aspera x Centaurea calcitrapa
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×albarracinensis Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 169 (1905)
= Centaurea ×aspera nothovar. conica Paláu; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 14: 258 (1957)
= Centaurea ×calcitrapo-aspera Godr. & Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 260 (1850), nom. inval.
= Centaurea ×chaixiana nothovar. confusa (Coste & Sennen) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 168 (1905)
= Centaurea ×chaixiana Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 168 (1905)
= Centaurea ×confusa Coste & Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 41: 578 (1894)
= Centaurea ×confusa nothovar. valdespina Sennen; in sched., nom. nud.
= Centaurea ×dufourei Sennen; in sched., nom. nud.
= Centaurea ×hybrida Chaix; Vill., Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 1: 366 (1786), nom. illeg., non All., Fl. Pedem. 1: 161 (1785)
= Centaurea ×levantina Font Quer; Mem. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sèr. Bot. 1(2): 13 (1924)
= Centaurea ×pouzini nothovar. vulgaris Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 169 (1905), nom. inval.
species :
Centaurea ×preissmannii
Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: 714 (1901)
Name: Kammschuppige Wiesen-Flockenblume (DE)
Distribution: ?Germany; Austria; Slovakia; Hungary; Italy; Slovenia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Romania
11 AUT HUN SLO 13 BIH ITA ROM SLV
Remarks: Centaurea jacea x macroptilon
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea decipiens var. subjacea Beck; 1263 (1893)
= Centaurea jacea subvar. preissmannii (Hayek) Hayek; 207 (1919)
= Centaurea jacea subvar. stiriaca (Hayek) Hayek; 206 (1919)
= Centaurea jacea subsp. subjacea (Beck) Hyl.; 322 (1945)
= Centaurea reichenbachii Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: 714 (1901)
= Centaurea stiriaca f. strohlii (Hayek) Hegi; 948 (1928)
= Centaurea stiriaca Hayek; 711 (1901)
= Centaurea strohlii Hayek; 710 (1901)
= Centaurea subjacea (Beck) Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: 712 (1901)
= Jacea subjacea (Beck) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 140(3-4): 133 (1972)
species :
Centaurea ×psammogena
Gáyer; Magyar Bot. Lapok 8: 61 (1909)
Distribution: Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg [I], Bayern, Hessen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); etc.
11 GER
Remarks: Centaurea diffusa x stoebe
Synonyms: hidden
= Acosta ×psammogena (Gáyer) Rauschert; 655 (1973), isonym
= Acosta ×psammogena (Gáyer) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 7: 314 (1972)
= Centaurea ×zimmermanniana Zinsm.; Mitt. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 3: 282 (1916)
species :
Centaurea ×pseudolagascana
Patino, Urrutia & J.Valencia; Flora Montiber. 88: 87 (2024)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
species :
Centaurea ×rossiana
J.Wagner; Magyar Bot. Lapok 8: 333 (1909)
Distribution: France; etc.
12 FRA
Remarks: Centaurea calcitrapa x deusta
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea chlorosperma Arv.-Touv.; Essai Pl. Dauphiné 39 (1872)
= Acosta ×simonescui (J.Wagner & Prodan) Holub; Preslia 45: 142 (1973)
= Acosta ×simonescui (J.Wagner & Prodan) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 83: 655 (1972 publ. 1973)
species :
Centaurea ×sanchisiana
Gómez Nav., Mansanet-Salvador, P.P.Ferrer, R.Roselló, E.Laguna & Peris; Nemus 6: 75 (2016)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea aspera x bofilliana
variant :
var. malvarosae
R.Roselló, P.P.Ferrer, Mansanet-Salvador, Gómez Nav., E.Laguna & Peris; Nemus 6: 76 (2016)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
variant :
var. pectiniformis
R.Roselló, P.P.Ferrer, Mansanet-Salvador, Gómez Nav., E.Laguna & Peris; Nemus 6: 77 (2016)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
species :
Centaurea ×sanctae-annae
J.Wagner; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 38: 287 (1935)
Distribution: NE-Greece (Athos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Centaurea diffusa x C. huljakii fide Strid (2024)
species :
Centaurea ×sanctae-barbarae
Mateo & M.B.Crespo; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 61: 264 (1988)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea boissieri ssp. pinae x Centaurea paui
species :
Centaurea ×santamariae
Font Quer ex N.Garcia & Susanna; Fontqueria 21: 5 (1988)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea cineraria x Centaurea clementei
species :
Centaurea ×saratoi
(Briq.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 151 (1905)
Distribution: France; etc.
12 FRA
Remarks: Centaurea paniculata x pseudocineraria
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea cineraria var. saratoi Briq.; Centaur. Alpes Marit. 139 (1902)
species :
Centaurea ×segimonensis
Pajarón & Fern.Casas; Fontqueria 48: 223 (1997)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea granatensis x Centaurea ornata
species :
Centaurea ×segurae
Patino, Urrutia & J.Valencia; Flora Montiber. 88: 85 (2024)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
species :
Centaurea ×senneniana
Rouy; Rev. Bot. Syst. Géogr. Bot. 2: 162 (1904)
Distribution: France; etc.
12 FRA
Remarks: Centaurea calcitrapa x diffusa
species :
Centaurea ×sennenii
Pau ex Sennen; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 18: 476 (1908)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea calcitrapa x Centaurea emporitana
species :
Centaurea ×similata
Hausskn.; Mitt. Geogr. Ges. (Thüringen) Jena 3: 229 (1884)
Distribution: Germany; Czech Republic; etc.
11 CZE GER
Remarks: Centaurea jacea x pseudophrygia
species :
Centaurea ×spuria
A.Kern.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 22: 51 (1872)
Distribution: Austria; Czech Republic; etc.
11 AUT CZE
Remarks: Centaurea jacea x stenolepis
species :
Centaurea ×sudrei
Sennen & Elías; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 15: 261 (1916)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea calcitrapa x Centaurea jacea ssp. angustifolia
species :
Centaurea ×tatayana
Fern.Casas & Susanna; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 38: 53 (1982)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea ornata x Centaurea toletana (var. toletana)
Synonyms: hidden
= Colymbada ×tatayana (Fern.Casas & Susanna) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 20 (1982)
species :
Centaurea ×ternilli
Mateo & M.B.Crespo; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 61: 265 (1988)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea aspera ssp. stenophylla x Centaurea resupinata ssp. dufourii
species :
Centaurea ×trautmannii
J.Wagner; Magyar Bot. Lapok 19: 31 (1920 publ. 1922)
Distribution: Europe
Remarks: Centaurea scabiosa x solstitialis
species :
Centaurea ×uribe-echebarriae
Patino, Urrutia & J.Valencia; Flora Montiber. 88: 86 (2024)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
species :
Centaurea ×vernui
Sennen & Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 4: 321 (1905)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea calcitrapa x Centaurea paniculata ssp. paniculata
species :
Centaurea ×victoris
Sennen; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 11: 199 (1912)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea collina x Centaurea hanryi
species :
Centaurea ×villaris
Sennen; Butll. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 32: 101 (1932)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea aristata x Centaurea ornata
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×unamunoi Sennen; in sched., nom. nud.
species :
Centaurea ×zubiae
Pau; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 22: 117 (1926)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Centaurea lagascana x ornata
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea ×zubiae nothof. somedana Fern.Casas & Susanna; Treb. Inst. Bot. Barcelona 10: 115 (1986)
= Centaurea ×zubiae var. somedana Fern.Casas & Susanna; Treb. Inst. Bot. Barcelona 10: 115 (1986)
= Colymbada ×zubiae (Pau) Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 20 (1982)
