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249.0000 Family Cannabaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 99 (1820), nom. cons.
10 genera, ca. 105 spp. Phylogeny: Yang et al. (2013)
Species listed in database: 120
= Cannabeae Dumort.; Fl. Belg. [Dumortier] 24. Dumort., Fl. Belg. 24 (1827)
= Cannaboideae Beilschm.; Flora 16(Beibl. 7): 60, 105 (1833)
= Celtidaceae Endl.; Enchir. Bot. [Endlicher] 171 (1841), Family
= Celtideae Dumort.; Fl. Belg. [Dumortier] 25 (1827)
= Celtidinae Dumort.; Fl. Belg. [Dumortier] 25 (1827)
= Celtidoideae A.Rich. ex Darl.; Agric. Bot. 151 (1847)
= Humulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 258 (1820)
= Humuleae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 17 (1829)
= Humulineae J.Presl; Nowoceská Bibl. [Wseobecný Rostl.]: 7: 1359 [´1258´], 1363 (1846)
= Lupulaceae Schultz Sch.; Nat. Syst. Pflanzenr. 370 (1832)
= Lupuleae Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 1(2): 179 (1831)
= Treminae A.V.Lazarev; Ukrayins´k. Bot. Zhurn. 50(1): 36 (1993), without latin descr.
249.1004 Genus Cannabis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1027 (1753)
Distribution: Temperate Asia
Species listed in database: 1
species :
Cannabis sativa L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1027 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. sativa
Name: Kultur-Hanf (DE); Hemp, Marihuana (EN)
Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I], Orkney Isl. [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Czech Republic [c]; Slovakia [c]; Hungary [c]; Portugal [c]; Spain [c]; France [c]; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Guernsey [I], Jersey [I]); Corsica [c]; Italy [c]; Sicily [c]; Slovenia [I]; Croatia [I]; Bosnia & Hercegovina [c]; former Yugoslavia [c]; Montenegro [c]; Serbia; Kosovo [c]; North Macedonia [c]; Bulgaria [c]; European Turkey [c]; Greece [c]; Estonia [c]; Latvia [c]; Lithuania [c]; Belarus [c]; European Russia [c]; Crimea [c]; Morocco [c]; Algeria [c]; Gambia [c]; Benin [c]; Cameroon [c]; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo] [c]; São Tomé [c]; Central African Republic [c]; Chad [c]; South Sudan [c]; Angola [c]; Zambia [c]; Mozambique [c]; Botswana [c]; South Africa [c]; Lesotho [c]; Mauritius [c]; La Réunion [c]; Seychelles [c]; Siberia [c]; Russian Far East [c]; Kazakhstan [c]; Turkmenistan [c]; Uzbekistan [c]; Kyrgyzstan [c]; Tajikistan [c]; Northern Caucasus [c]; Georgia [Caucasus] [c]; Azerbaijan [c]; East Aegaean Isl. [c]; Turkey (Inner Anatolia); Iran (E-Iran, N-Iran, W-Iran); Yemen [c]; China [c]; Mongolia [c]; North Korea [c]; South Korea [c]; Ryukyu Isl. [c]; Taiwan [c]; Pakistan [c]; Nepal [c]; Bhutan [c]; India [c]; Bangladesh [c]; Andaman Isl. [c]; Nicobar Isl. [c]; Myanmar [c]; Thailand [c]; Cambodia [c]; Vietnam [c]; Philippines [c]; Java [c]; Lesser Sunda Isl. [c]; Australia [c] (South Australia [c], Queensland [c], New South Wales [c]); New Zealand [c]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Vanuatu [c]; Fiji [c]; Canada [c] (Manitoba [c], New Brunswick [c], Nova Scotia [c], Ontario [c], Québec [c], Saskatchewan [c]); USA [c] (Alabama [c], Arkansas [c], Arizona [c], California [c], Colorado [c], Connecticut [c], District of Columbia [c], Delaware [c], Florida [c], Georgia [c], Iowa [c], Idaho [c], Illinois [c], Indiana [c], Kansas [c], Kentucky [c], Louisiana [c], Massachusetts [c], Maryland [c], Maine [c], Michigan [c], Minnesota [c], Missouri [c], Mississippi [c], Montana [c], North Carolina [c], North Dakota [c], Nebraska [c], New Hampshire [c], New Jersey [c], New Mexico [c], New York [c], Ohio [c], Oklahoma [c], Oregon [c], Pennsylvania [c], Rhode Island [c], South Carolina [c], South Dakota [c], Tennessee [c], Texas [c], Utah [c], Virginia [c], Vermont [c], Washington State [c], Wisconsin [c], West Virginia [c], Wyoming [c]); Mexico [c]; Honduras [c]; Nicaragua [c]; Costa Rica [c]; Panama [c]; Panama [c]; Jamaica [c]; Dominican Republic [c]; Haiti [c]; Puerto Rico [c]; Tobago [c]; Trinidad [c]; Colombia [c]; Peru [c]; Bolivia [c]
10 grb ire 11 cze hun slo 12 cis cor fra por spa 13 bih bul cro grc ita kos mnt nma sic slv SRB tue 14 blr est kry lat lit rus 20 alg mor 22 ben gam 23 bio caf cmn sao 24 cha ssu 26 ang moz zam 27 bot les saf 29 mau reu sey 30 sib 31 rfe 32 kaz kgz tkm tzk uzb 33 aze geo ncs 34 eai IRN TUR 35 yem 36 chi 37 mon 38 kor nko nns tai 40 ban bhu ind nep pak 41 and cbd mya ncb tha vie 42 jaw lsi phi 50 aus 51 ctm nzl 60 fij van 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 80 cos hon nic pan 81 his jam pue trt 82 clm 83 bol per
Remarks: native area somewhat uncertain due to extensive cultivation
Synonyms: hidden
= Cannabis americana Pharm. ex Wehmer; Pfl.-Stoffe 157 (1911)
= Cannabis chinensis Delile; Index Sem. (Montpellier) (1849)
= Cannabis culta Mansf.
= Cannabis erratica Siev.; Neu. Nord. Beitr. 7: 174 (1796)
= Cannabis foetens Gilib.; Exerc. Phyt. 2: 450 (1792), opus utique oppr.
= Cannabis generalis E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, Abbild., 4: 199 (1905)
= Cannabis gigantea Crevost; Bull. Écon. Indochine, n. s. 19: 613 (1917)
= Cannabis lupulus Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 2: 263 (1772)
= Cannabis macrosperma Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 4: 539 (1812)
= Cannabis pedemontana Camp
= Cannabis sativa f. chinensis (Delile) A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(1): 31 (1869)
= Cannabis sativa f. pedemontana A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(1): 31 (1869)
= Cannabis sativa f. vulgaris (Alef.) Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn., ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 912 (1895)
= Cannabis sativa subsp. culta Serebr.; Kul´t. Fl. S.S.S.R. 5: 37 (1940), sine descr. lat.
= Cannabis sativa var. chinensis (Delile) Asch. & Graebn.
= Cannabis sativa var. gigantea (Delile ex Vilm.) Alef.; Landw. Fl. 288 (1866)
= Cannabis sativa var. macrosperma (Stokes) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 4: 599 (1911)
= Cannabis sativa var. monoica Holuby; Let. Matice Slov. 1(43): 367 (1873)
= Cannabis sativa var. praecox Serebr.; Trudy Prikl. Bot. 18(1): 410 (1928)
= Cannabis sativa var. vulgaris Alef.; Landw. Fl. 288 (1866)
variant :
var. ruderalis (Janisch.) S.Z.Liou; Fl. Liaoningica 1: 289 (1988)
Name: Wild-Hanf (DE)
Distribution: C-Europe [I]; Germany [I]; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary [I]; E-Europe; European Russia; South Africa [I]; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; USA [I] (Illinois [I], Massachusetts [I], Missouri [I], Wisconsin [I])
11 CZE ger hun SLO 14 RUS 27 saf 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM GEO NCS 74 usa 75 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Cannabis intersita Soják; Novit. Bot. Delect. Seminum Horti Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag. 20 (1960)
= Cannabis ruderalis Janisch.; Uchen. Zap. Saratovsk. Gosud. Chernyshevskogo Univ. 2(2): 14 (1924)
= Cannabis sativa subsp. intersita (Soják) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 148(2): 77 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Cannabis sativa subsp. spontanea (Czern.) Serebr. ex Serebr. & Sizova
= Cannabis sativa var. ruderalis Janisch.; Uchen. Zap. Saratovsk. Gosud. Chernyshevskogo Univ. 2(2): 14 (1924)
= Cannabis sativa var. spontanea Vavilov; Trudy Prikl. Bot. 13(Suppl. 23): 148 (1922)
subspecies :
subsp. indica (Lam.) E.Small & Cronquist; Taxon 25(4): 426 (1976)
Distribution: Morocco [c]; Guinea [I]; South Africa [I]; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Kabul, Kandahar, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost); Lebanon [c]; Pakistan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal. Pradesh, Chandigarh, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Molokai [I], Lanai [I], Maui [I], Kahoolawe Isl. [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); South America [I]
20 mor 22 gui 27 saf 34 AFG leb 40 IND PAK 63 haw
Synonyms: hidden
= Cannabis indica f. afghanica (Vavilov) Vavilov; Trudy Prikl. Bot., Priloz. 33: 381 (1929)
= Cannabis indica Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 695 (1785)
= Cannabis indica var. kafiristanica Vavilov; Trudy Prikl. Bot., Priloz. 33: 381 (1929)
= Cannabis kafiristanica (Vavilov) Chrtek; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 150(1-2): 22 (1981)
= Cannabis orientalis Lam.
= Cannabis sativa f. afghanica Vavilov; Trudy Prikl. Bot. 16(2): 227 (1926)
= Cannabis sativa subvar. indica (Lam.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 4: 598 (1911)
= Cannabis sativa var. afghanica (Vavilov) McPartl. & E.Small; PhytoKeys 144: 97 (2020)
= Cannabis sativa var. indica (Lam.) Wehmer; Pfl.-Stoffe 157 (1911)
= Cannabis sativa var. kafiristanica (Vavilov) E.Small & Cronquist; Taxon 25(4): 429 (1976)
= Cannabis sativa var. kif A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(1): 30 (1869)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

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Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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