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Ver. 24.11
November 5th, 2024

043.0000 Family Cystopteridaceae (Payer) Shmakov; Turczaninowia 4: 60 (2001)
3-4 genera, ca. 35 spp. Family status confirmed by Rothfels et al. (2012)
Species listed in database: 35; hybrids: 11
= Cystopteridinae Payer; Bot. Crypt.: 198 (1850) (Cystopterideae)
= Cystopterioideae Ching & Z.R.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35: 34 (1997)
043.0001 Genus Cystopteris Bernh.; J. Bot. (Schrader) 1(2): 26 (1806), nom. cons.
Distribution: Worldwide, mountains in tropics. There are probably many more cryptic species to be described, based on phylogenetics.
Species listed in database: 23; hybrids: 5
= Cyclopteris Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 9 (1821)
= Cyste Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrenées 33 (1867) (nom. superfl.)
= Cystea Sm.; Engl. Fl. 4: 297 (1828) (nom. superfl.)
= Cystoathyrium Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 11: 22 (1966)
= Filicula Seg.; Pl. Veron. Suppl. 55 (1754)
= Filix Adans.; Fam. Pl. 2: 20, 558 (1763) (non Ludwig, Instit. Hist. Phys. Regni Veg. ed. II: 142 (1757))
= Filix-fragilis Gilib.; Exerc. Phyt. 2: 558 (1792), opus utique oppr.
= Rhizomatopteris A.P.Khokhr.; Fl. Magadansk. Obl.: 347 (1985)
species :
Cystopteris alpina (Lam.) Desv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6(2): 264 (1827)
Name: Alpen-Blasenfarn (DE)
Distribution: +England (+Wales); Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Slovakia; Spain; Andorra; France; Corsica; Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; ?N-Greece; European Russia; Ukraine; Morocco; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia, Svaneti); Armenia; Turkey (Anatolia)
10 GRB 11 GER LIE SLO SWI 12 ADO COR FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA SIC SLV SRB 14 RUS UKR 20 MOR 33 ARM GEO NCS 34 TUR
Remarks: fragilis agg., hexaploid. The name C. regia has been misapplied here fide Fraser-Jenkins (2018) and belongs to C. fragilis
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium alpinum (Lam.) Sw.; J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 42 (1801)
= Aspidium taygetense Bory; Exp. Sci. Morée, Bot. 3(2): 288 (1832)
= Athyrium alpinum (Lam.) Spreng.; Anleit. Kenntn. Gew. 3: 143 (1804)
= Cyathea alpina (Lam.) Roth; Tent. Fl. Germ. 3: 99 (1800)
= Cyathea incisa Sm.; Engl. Bot. 3, t. 163 (1794), nom. inval.
= Cystea alpina (Lam.) Bertol.; Novi Comment. Acad. Sci. Inst. Bononiensis 1: 133 (1834), isonym
= Cystea alpina (Lam.) Sm.; Engl. Fl. 4: 291 (1828)
= Cystopteris alpina f. latiloba Milde; Fil. Eur. 153 (1867)
= Cystopteris filix-fragilis subsp. alpina (Lam.) Jahand. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc [Jahandiez & Maire] 1: 2 (1931)
= Cystopteris fragilis subsp. alpina (Lam.) Briq.; Prodr. Fl. Corse 1: 5 (1910)
= Cystopteris fragilis subsp. alpina (Lam.) Hartm.; Sv. Norsk Excurs.-Fl.: 152 (1846)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. alpina (Lam.) Döll; Rhein. Fl. 15 (1843)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. fumariiformis (W.D.J.Koch) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. I: 10 (1906)
= Cystopteris fumarioides Schott; Gen. Fil. (Vindob.) ad t. 8 (1834), non (C. Presl) Kunze 1834
= Cystopteris regia f. latiloba (Milde) Diklic & V.Nikolic; Fl. SR Srbije 10: 7 (1986)
= Cystopteris regia var. alpina (Lam.) W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv., ed. 2, 3: 980 (1845)
= Cystopteris regia var. fumariiformis W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv., ed. 2, 3: 980 (1845)
= Cystopteris taygetensis Heldr. & Sart.; Heldr., Herb. Norm. no. 35 (1883)
= Nephrodium alpinum (Lam.) Opiz; Bohem. Phan. Crypt. Gew. (1823)
= Polypodium alpinum (Lam.) Jacq.; Collectanea [Jacquin] 2: 171 (1788)
= Polypodium alpinum Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 8 1: 22 (1779)
species :
Cystopteris apiiformis Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 60: 28 (1913)
Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, San Juan, Santa Cruz); Chile (Arica y Parinacota, Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Rios, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes); Juan Fdz. Isl.; Iles Kerguélen; Falkland Isl.
85 ARG CLE JNF 91 FAL KEG
Remarks: status as valid species see Arana & Mynssen 2015
Synonyms: hidden
= Cystopteris fragilis var. apiiformis (Gand.) C.Chr.; Index Filic., Suppl. Prelim. 11 (1917)
= Cystopteris chilensis Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 300 (1852), nom. nud.
species :
Cystopteris bulbifera (L.) Bernh.; Neues J. Bot. 1(2): 10 (1806)
Name: Bulblet bladderfern
Distribution: Canada (New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, Connecticut, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium atomarium Muhl.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 6: 279 (1810)
= Aspidium bulbiferum (L.) Sw.; J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 41 (1801)
= Athyrium atomarium (Muhl.) C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 40 (1826)
= Athyrium bulbiferum (L.) Spreng.; Gartenzeitung (Halle) 2: 202 (1804)
= Cyathea bulbifera (L.) Bernh.; J. Bot. (Schrader) 1801(1): 1 (1802)
= Cystea bulbifera (L.) Watt; Canad. Naturalist & Quart. J. Sci., ser. 2, 13: 160 (1867)
= Cystopteris atomaria (Muhl.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 93 (1836)
= Cystopteris bulbifera f. crispa H.L.Foster; Amer. Fern J. 44: 116, tab. 13 (1954)
= Cystopteris bulbifera f. flagelliformis (G.Lawson) M.Broun; Index No. Amer. Ferns: 55 (1938)
= Cystopteris bulbifera var. horizontalis G.Lawson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 251 (1931)
= Filicula bulbifera (L.) Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 234-251 (1931)
= Filicula bulbifera var. horizontalis (G.Lawson) Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 251 (1931)
= Filix bulbifera (L.) Underw.; Our nat. Ferns ed. 4: 119 (1900)
= Nephrodium bulbiferum (L.) Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. (Michaux) 2: 268 (1803)
= Polypodium bulbiferum L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 1091 (1753)
species :
Cystopteris chinensis (Ching) X.C.Zhang & R.Wei; J. Syst. Evol. 52(4): 454 (2014)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Conservation Status: IUCN E. Critically endangered (no more than 40 individuals surviving)
Synonyms: hidden
= Cystoathyrium chinense Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 11: 23, t. 4 (1966)
species :
Cystopteris diaphana (Bory) Blasdell; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 21: 47 (1963)
Distribution: S-Ireland (Co. Cork); SW-England; Portugal; Spain; France; Corsica; Italy; Sicily; Morocco; Algeria; Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); Cameroon; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk); NE-Iraq; Yemen; N-Pakistan (Hunza, Ladakh); Nepal; India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Jammu & Kashmir); New Zealand [I]; ?Mexico; Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Jamaica; Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic); ?Colombia; Venezuela (Lara, Merida, Sucre, Tachira, Trujillo); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija); Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Uruguay (Cerro Largo, Rivera); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Cordoba, Formosa Prov., Jujuy, La Rioja, Salta, San Luis, Tucuman); South Georgia Isl.
10 GRB IRE 12 COR FRA POR SPA 13 ITA SIC 20 ALG MOR 21 AZO CNY MDR 23 CMN RWA ZAI 24 ETH SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 27 LES SAF 30 SIB 34 IRQ 35 YEM 40 IND NEP PAK 51 nzl 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 HIS JAM 82 VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG URU 91 SGE
Remarks: fragilis agg., hexaploid and rarely tetraploid. A polymorphic taxon frequently included as ssp. or variety into C. fragilis. All South American records of "C. fragilis" are included here.
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium viridulum Desv.; Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 5: 321 (1811)
= Asplenium diaphanum (Bory) Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. (Lojacono) 3: 402, t. 6 f. 4 (1909)
= Athyrium fumarioides C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 39, t. 61, f. 2 (1825)
= Cystopteris abyssinica Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 300 (1852)
= Cystopteris acuta Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 300 (1852)
= Cystopteris altajensis Gureeva; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. Kuybysheva 87: 5 (1985)
= Cystopteris atrovirens C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. 5(5): 426 (1851)
= Cystopteris atrovirescens C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 93 (1836), sphalm.
= Cystopteris azorica Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 300 (1852)
= Cystopteris canariensis C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 93 (1836)
= Cystopteris emarginatodenticulata Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 1(1): 19 (1911)
= Cystopteris emarginulata C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 6: 65 (1851)
= Cystopteris filix-fragilis subsp. canariensis (C.Presl) Jahand. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc [Jahandiez & Maire] 2 (1931)
= Cystopteris filix-fragilis subsp. diaphana (Bory) Maire & Weiller; Maire, Fl. Afrique N. 1: 25 (1952), isonym
= Cystopteris fragilis proles viridula (Desv.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 424 (1913)
= Cystopteris fragilis f. viridula (Desv.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 424 (1913)
= Cystopteris fragilis subsp. diaphana (Bory) Litard.; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 21: 20 (1911)
= Cystopteris fragilis subsp. emarginato-denticulata (Fomin) Fomin; Vestn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 18: 10 (1911)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. altaiensis (Gureeva) Stepanov; Sibirsk. Biol. Zhurn. 1993(1): 50 (1993)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. azorica (Fée) T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 282 (1861)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. canariensis (C.Presl ex Milde) Christ ex Jahand. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc [Jahandiez & Maire] 2 (1931)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. diaphana (Bory) Rosenst.; Contr. Fl. Bolivia 1: 9 (1910)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. emarginatodenticulata (Fomin) Fomin; Vestn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 18: 10 (1910 publ. 1911)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. nigrescens Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 1: 198 (1846)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. platychlaena T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 282 (1861)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. sempervirens (T.Moore) T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 282 (1861)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. translucens (Desv.) T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 281 (1861)
= Cystopteris fumarioides (C.Presl) Kunze; Linnaea 9(1): 97 (1834)
= Cystopteris guizhouensis X.Y.Wang & P.S.Wang; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 19(2): 141-142 (1997) (tentative synonym fide Fraser-Jenkins 2018)
= Cystopteris gureevae Stepanov; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 111: 4 (2015)
= Cystopteris nivalis (Pirotta) Pic.Serm.; Webbia 23: 173 (1968)
= Cystopteris sempervirens T.Moore; Ferns Gr. Brit. (Moore), t. 46 adnot. (1857)
= Cystopteris translucens Desv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6(2): 264 (1827)
= Cystopteris viridula (Desv.) Desv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6(2): 264 (1827)
= Polypodium diaphanum Bory; Voy. îles Afrique 1: 328 (1804)
= Woodsia nivalis Pirotta; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 7: 173 (1908)
species :
Cystopteris dickieana R.Sim; Gard. Farmers J. 2: 308 (1848)
Name: Runzelsporiger Blasenfarn, Dickie-Blasenfarn (DE)
Distribution: Svalbard; England (Scotland); Norway; Sweden; Finland; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Rheinland-Pfalz); Switzerland; ?Liechtenstein; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Portugal; Spain; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Greece (N-border, very rare); N-European Russia; Morocco; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Anatolia); Afghanistan; China (Gansu, Hebei, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan); Tibet; Pakistan (Swat, Baltistan, Gilgit); Nepal; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Ladakh)
10 FIN GRB NOR SVA SWE 11 CZE GER SLO SWI 12 COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 GRC ITA SIC 14 RUS 20 MOR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ TZK 33 ARM AZE NCS 34 AFG TUR 36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP PAK
Remarks: fragilis agg., tetraploid and hexaploid. Usually a mountain form.
Synonyms: hidden
= Cystopteris almaatensis Kotukhov; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Bot. Akad. Nauk Kazakhsk. S.S.R. 4: 27 (1966)
= Cystopteris baenitzii Dörfl.; Baenitz, Herb. Eur. n. 6510, Prospect. 4 (1891)
= Cystopteris fragilis f. dickeana (R.Sim) B.Boivin; Phytologia 15: 149 (1967)
= Cystopteris fragilis f. granulosa Bir & K.Trikha; Amer. Fern J. 66: 109 (1976) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Cystopteris fragilis subsp. dickieana (R.Sim) Fraser-Jenk.; Pakistan Syst. 5(1-2): 85-120 (1992), isonym
= Cystopteris fragilis subsp. dickieana (R.Sim) Hook.f.; Student. Fl. Brit. Isl. 464 (1870)
= Cystopteris fragilis subsp. dickieana (R.Sim) Hyl.; Uppsala Univ. Årsskr. 1945(7): 59 (1945), isonym
= Cystopteris fragilis var. baenitzii (Dörfl.) Warnst.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 1: 17 (1896)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. dickieana (R.Sim) T.Moore; Handb. Brit. Ferns 81 (1851) (error fide Fraser-Jenkins (1997))
= Cystopteris regia var. dickieana (R.Sim) Druce; List Brit. Pl. 87 (1908)
= Cystopteris sikkimensis Ching ex Bir; Nova Hedwigia 7: 504, t. 36, 37 (1964)
species :
Cystopteris douglasii Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 1: 200 (1846)
Distribution: Hawaii (Maui, Hawaii Isl.)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Filicula douglasii (Hook.) Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 234-251 (1931)
= Filix douglasii (Hook.) W.J.Rob.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 39: 587 (1912)
variant :
var. sandwicensis (Brack.) Miles K.Thomas; Amer. Fern J. 113(3): 212 (2023)
Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai, Oahu, Maui)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Cystopteris sandwicensis Brack.; U.S. Expl. Exped., Filic. 16: 234 (1854)
species :
Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh.; Neues J. Bot. 12: 26, t. 2, f. 9 (1806)
subspecies :
subsp. fragilis
Name: Zerbrechlicher Blasenfarn (DE), Brittle bladderfern (EN)
Distribution: Iceland; Jan Mayen; Svalbard; Faeroe Isl.; England (England, Wales, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl., Isle of Man [I]); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, +Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Baleares; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread on mainland, rare Kiklades, Samothraki); Crete (mountains); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Fogo Isl.); Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Equatorial Guinea (Rio Muni); Chad; Sudan; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; South Africa; Lesotho; La Réunion; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Talysh); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Ikaria, Samos, Chalki); Turkey (Anatolia); Iraq; Iran; Afghanistan; Lebanon; Saudi Arabia; N-Yemen; China (Anhui, Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, W-Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan); Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; ?South Korea; Japan; Taiwan; Pakistan (Hazara); Nepal; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Australia (Victoria, Tasmania); Chatham Isl. [I]; Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Kansas, Massachusetts, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, Wyoming); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Honduras
10 DEN FIN FOR GRB ICE IRE JMY NOR SVA SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 CVI 23 BIO CMN EQG 24 CHA SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 27 LES SAF 29 REU 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG EAI IRN IRQ LEB TUR 35 SAU YEM 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 JAP NKO TAI 40 IND NEP PAK 50 AUS 51 ctm 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 HON
Remarks: fragilis agg. Probably all South American records for "C. fragilis" belong to C. diaphana (see there)
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium dentatum (Sm.) Sw.; Syn. Fil. [Swartz] 59 (1806), based on Polypodium dentatum Dicks.
= Aspidium fragile (L.) Sw.; J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 40 (1801)
= Aspidium fragile var. cuneifolium Wallr.; Fl. Crypt. Germ. 1: 20 (1831)
= Aspidium fragile var. obtusifolium Wallr.; Fl. Crypt. Germ. 1: 20 (1831)
= Aspidium fragile var. tenuifolium Wallr.; Fl. Crypt. Germ. 1: 20 (1831)
= Aspidium fumarioides (Weis) C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 39 (1825)
= Aspidium regium (L.) Sw.; J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 41 (1801)
= Aspidium rhaeticum Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 5(1): 280 (1810) non (L.) Sw.)
= Aspidium trifidum Sw.; J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 41 (1801)
= Asplenium filix-femina var. retusum (Decne.) C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot., ser. 2, 1: 492, t. 49, f. 2 (1880) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Athyrium dentatum (Sm.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 11 (1821)
= Athyrium filix-femina var. retusum (Decne.) Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India 170 (1883)
= Athyrium fragile (L.) Spreng.; Anleit. Kenntn. Gew. 3: 136 (1804)
= Athyrium fragile var. ampliatum Strempel; Fil. Berol. Syn. 34 (1822)
= Athyrium fragile var. tenuius Strempel; Fil. Berol. Syn. 34 (1822)
= Athyrium pontederae (All.) Desv.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 6(3): 266 (1827)
= Athyrium regium (L.) Spreng.; Anleit. Kenntn. Gew. 3: 139 (1804)
= Athyrium retusum (Decne.) Panigrahi; Refresher´s Course Utkal Univ. (Bubaneshwar, Orissa) Bot.: 44 (1998), comb. inval.
= Athyrium rhaeticum Sadler; Descr. Pl. Epiph. Hung. 22 (1820)
= Cyathea anthriscifolia (Hoffm.) Roth; Tent. Fl. Germ. 3(1.1): 98 (1799)
= Cyathea cynapiifolia (Hoffm.) Roth; Tent. Fl. Germ. 3(1.1): 98 (1799)
= Cyathea dentata Sm.; Fl. Brit. 3: 1141 (1804)
= Cyathea fragilis (L.) J.Sm.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Turin 5: 417 (1793)
= Cyathea regia (L.) T.F.Forst.; Syn. Pl. Ins. Brit. 194 (1798)
= Cyathea tenuis (Hoffm.) G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.; 67 (1802), nom. illeg.
= Cyclopteris dentata (Sm.) Schrad. ex Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 27 (1821)
= Cyclopteris fragilis (L.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 9 (1821)
= Cyclopteris fragilis var. acuta Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 10 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Cyclopteris fragilis var. obtusa Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 10 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Cyclopteris fragilis var. rhaetica Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 10 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Cyclopteris regia (L.) Schrad. ex Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 27 (1821)
= Cyste fragilis (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrenées 33 (1867)
= Cystea angustata (Hoffm.) Sm.; Engl. Fl. 4: 288 (1828)
= Cystea dentata (Sm.) Sm.; Engl. Fl. 4: 287 (1828)
= Cystea fragilis (L.) Sm.; Engl. Fl. 4: 289 (1828)
= Cystea regia (L.) Sm.; Engl. Fl. 4: 289 (1828)
= Cystopteris alpina var. regia (L.) L.Rossi; Magyar Bot. Lapok 10: 23 (1911)
= Cystopteris anthriscifolia Fomin; Kuzn. et al., Fl. Caucas. Crit. 1(1): 15 (1911)
= Cystopteris crispa (Gouan) H.P.Fuchs ex Janchen; Phyton (Horn) 10: 3 (1963)
= Cystopteris dentata (Sw.) Desv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6(2): 263 (1827)
= Cystopteris emarginata Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 1: 201 (1846)
= Cystopteris filix-fragilis (L.) Borbás; Balaton Tavának Növényföldr. 314 (1900), isonym
= Cystopteris filix-fragilis (L.) Chiov.; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 1: 210 (1903), isonym
= Cystopteris filix-fragilis (W.D.J.Koch) Wirtg.; Fl. Preuss. Rheinprov. 549 (1857)
= Cystopteris filix-fragilis subsp. fragilis (L.) Jahand. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc [Jahandiez & Maire] 1: 2 (1931)
= Cystopteris filix-fragilis subsp. regia (L.) Jahand. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc [Jahandiez & Maire] 1: 2 (1931)
= Cystopteris fragilis proles dentata (Sm.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 422 (1913)
= Cystopteris fragilis proles regia Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 424 (1913)
= Cystopteris fragilis subvar. favrati Christ; Farnkr. Schweiz 156 (1900)
= Cystopteris fragilis subvar. tavelii Christ; Farnkr. Schweiz 158 (1900)
= Cystopteris fragilis subvar. woodsioides Christ; Farnkr. Schweiz 158 (1900)
= Cystopteris fragilis f. angustata (Sm.) W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv., ed. 2, 3: 980 (1845)
= Cystopteris fragilis f. anthriscifolia (Hoffm.) W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv., ed. 2, 3: 980 (1845)
= Cystopteris fragilis f. cristata (Hopkins) Weath.; Amer. Fern J. 26: 13 (1936)
= Cystopteris fragilis f. cynapiifolia (Hoffm.) W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv., ed. 2, 3: 980 (1845)
= Cystopteris fragilis f. furcata Hahne; Fern Bull. 12: 115, 1904, & 18: 82 (1910)
= Cystopteris fragilis f. himalayensis Bir & K.Trikha; Amer. Fern J. 66: 110 (1976)
= Cystopteris fragilis subsp. dentata (Sm.) Hook.f.; Student. Fl. Brit. Isles 464 (1870)
= Cystopteris fragilis subsp. regia (L.) Bernoulli; Gefässkrypt. Schweiz 44 (1857)
= Cystopteris fragilis subsp. regia (L.) Simonk.; 609 (1887), isonym
= Cystopteris fragilis var. acutidentata Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 1(1): 43 (1855)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. acutifolia Bellynck; Fl. Namur 314 (1855), nom. illeg.
= Cystopteris fragilis var. acutifolia Lej.; Lej. & Court., Comp. Fl. Belg. 3: 309 (1836)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. altajensis (Gureeva) Stepanov; Sibirsk. Biol. Zhurn. 1993(1): 50 (1993)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. angustata (Hoffm.) Link; Fil. Spec. 46 (1841)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. anthriscifolia (Hoffm.) Borbás; Math. Term. Közlem. 14: 450 (1877)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. aprica Stepanov (L.) Bernh.; Sibirsk. Biol. Zhurn. 1993(1): 49 (1993)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. contorta Khullar; (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. cristata Hopkins; Ohio Naturalist 10: 181, fig. 2 (1910)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. cynapiifolia (Hoffm.) Borbás; Math. Term. Közlem. 14: 450 (1877), isonym
= Cystopteris fragilis var. cynapiifolia (Hoffm.) Godet; Fl. Jura 856 (1852)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. deltoidea Godet; Fl. Jura 856 (1852)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. dentata (Sm.) Bab.; 387 (1843)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. dentata (Sw.) Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 1: 198 (1846), isonym
= Cystopteris fragilis var. linguiformis A.C.Schultz ex Lange; Meddel. Grønland 3: 306 (1887)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. lobatodentata Milde; Fil. Eur. 148 (1867), orth. var.
= Cystopteris fragilis var. lobulatodentata Milde; Sporenpfl. 67 (1865)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. lobulatodentata W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv., ed. 2, 3: 980 (1845)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. macrosorifera Stepanov; Sibirsk. Biol. Zhurn. 1993(1): 49 (1993)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. megaloba Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 1(1): 43 (1855)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. obtusifolia Bellynck; Fl. Namur 314 (1855)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. obtusifolia Lej.; Lej. & Court., Comp. Fl. Belg. 3: 308 (1836)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. pinnatipartita W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv., ed. 2, 3: 980 (1845)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. pseudoathyrium Stepanov; Sibirsk. Biol. Zhurn. 1993(1): 49 (1993)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. pumila Lej.; Lej. & Court., Comp. Fl. Belg. 3: 309 (1836)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. regularis A.C.Schultz ex Lange; Meddel. Grønland 3: 306 (1887)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. rupestris Neilr.; Fl. Nieder-Oesterreich 13 (1857)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. stenoloba Milde; Fil. Eur. 149 (1867)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. tenuis (Hoffm.) Borbás; Math. Term. Közlem. 14: 450 (1877)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. tripinnata Rupr.; Dist. Crypt. Vasc. Ross. 40 (1845)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. vulgaris Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 1: 197 (1846), nom. inval.
= Cystopteris fragilis var. woodsioides (Christ) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 423 (1913)
= Cystopteris laciniata Colenso; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 31: 265 (1899)
= Cystopteris mexicana Fée; Mém. Soc. Mus. Hist. Nat. Strasbourg 4(1): 299 (1850)
= Cystopteris novae-zealandiae J.B.Armstr.; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 13: 360 (1881)
= Cystopteris polymorpha Bubani; Fl. Pyren. (Bubani) 4: 431 (1901)
= Cystopteris pontederae (All.) Link; Fil. Spec. 45 (1841)
= Cystopteris regia (L.) Desv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6(2): 264 (1827) (sensu auct.)
= Cystopteris retusa Decne.; Voy. Inde [Jacquemont] 176, t. 177 (1844) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Cystopteris rhaetica Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 131 (1833)
= Cystopteris terminalis A.P.Khokhr.; Byull. Moskovsk Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 88(5): 95 (1983) (as ´terminale´)
= Davallia humilis (C.Presl) Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 1: 185 (1846)
= Filicula filix-fragilis (L.) Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 234-251 (1931)
= Filicula filix-fragilis var. angustata (Hoffm.) Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 252 (1931)
= Filicula filix-fragilis var. lobulato-dentata (Koch) Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 252 (1931)
= Filix fragilis (L.) Gilib.; Exerc. Phyt. 2: 558 (1792), opus utique oppr.
= Filix fragilis (L.) Underw.; Our nat. Ferns ed. 4: 119 (1900), isonym
= Filix fragilis f. magnasora Clute; Fern Bull. 9: 65 (1901)
= Filix fragilis var. cristata (Hopkins) J.H.Schaffn.; Ohio Naturalist 11: 246 (1910)
= Filix fragilis var. dentata (Sm.) Underw.; Native Ferns, ed. 6: 119 (1900)
= Microlepia humilis C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 125 (1836)
= Nephrodium polymorphum (Vill.) Opiz; Kratos 2(1): 11 (1820)
= Phegopteris rhaetica (Willd.) Watt; Canad. Naturalist Geol., n. s. 3(2): 159 (1867)
= Polypodium album Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 1: 21 (1779)
= Polypodium anthriscifolium Hoffm.; Bot. Mag. (Römer & Usteri) 9: 11, t. 14 (1790)
= Polypodium crispum Gouan; Ill. Observ. Bot. 81 (1773) non (L.) Desv.
= Polypodium cynapifolium Hoffm.; Deutschl. Fl., Theil 2 (Hoffm.) 2: 9 (1795)
= Polypodium dentatum Dicks.; Fasc. Pl. Crypt. Brit. 3, t. 7, f. 1 (1793), non Forssk. (1775)
= Polypodium filix-fragile L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 1091 (1753)
= Polypodium fragile L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 1091 (1753)
= Polypodium fragile var. angustatum Hoffm.; Bot. Mag. (Römer & Usteri) 9: 11, f. 14d (1790)
= Polypodium fumarioides var. laciniatum Weiss; 321 (1770)
= Polypodium fumarioides var. lobatum Weiss; 319 (1770), nom. inval.
= Polypodium fumarioides Weiss; Pl. Crypt. Fl. Gött. 319 (1770), nom. illeg.
= Polypodium polymorphum Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 1: 282, 292 (1786)
= Polypodium pontederae All.; Fl. Pedem. 2: 286 (1785)
= Polypodium regium L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 1091 (1753)
= Polypodium trifidum With.; Bot. Arrang. Veg. Great Brit., ed. 3, 3: 779 (1796)
= Tectaria fragilis (L.) Lag., Garcia & Clem.; Anales Ci. Nat. 5: 147 (1802)
= Tectaria regia (L.) Lag., Garcia & Clem.; Anales Ci. Nat. 5: 148 (1802)
subspecies :
subsp. huteri (Hausm. ex Milde) Grint.; Fl. Republ. Popul. Român. 1: 89 (1952)
Distribution: Spain; Andorra; Alps; Romania; England (Wales: Snowdon); ?Morocco; etc.
10 GRB 12 ADO SPA 13 ROM
Remarks: status uncertain, tetraploid. Possibly only an eco-variety on high-altitude limestone (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2023)
Synonyms: hidden
= Cystopteris fragilis proles huteri (Hausm. ex Milde) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 423 (1913)
= Cystopteris fragilis subsp. huteri (Hausm. ex Milde) Prada & Salvo; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 41(2): 466 (1985), isonym
= Cystopteris fragilis var. huteri Hausm. ex Milde; Fil. Eur. 149 (1867)
= Cystopteris huteri (Hausm. ex Milde) Shmakov
subspecies :
subsp. kansuana (C.Chr.) Fraser-Jenk.; Ferns and Fern-allies of Nepal 1: 24 (2015)
Distribution: China (Qinghai, Gansu, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Sikkim)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Remarks: status uncertain, high mountain form
Synonyms: hidden
= Cystopteris ×kansuana C.Chr. ex Blasdell; (1963) pro sp.
= Cystopteris kansuana C.Chr.; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17: 499 (1927)
subspecies :
subsp. oromediterraneum Pérez Carro & Fern.Areces; Flora Montiber. 87: 139 (2023)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
species :
Cystopteris laurentiana (Weath.) Blasdell; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 21(4): 51 (1963)
Name: St. Lawrence bladderfern (EN)
Distribution: Canada (New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec); USA (Iowa, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, Vermont, Wisconsin)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cystopteris fragilis var. laurentiana Weath.; Rhodora 28: 129 (1926)
= Cystopteris tennesseensis subsp. laurentiana (Weath.) Windham; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 16(1): 5, figs. 2-3 (2022)
species :
Cystopteris membranifolia Mickel; Amer. Fern J. 62: 93 (1972)
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Veracruz); Guatemala
79 MEX 80 GUA
species :
Cystopteris millefolia Mickel & Tejero; Brittonia 56(2): 115 (-117, fig. 1A-C) (2004)
Distribution: Mexico (Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos)
79 MEX
species :
Cystopteris montana (Lam.) Bernh.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6(2): 264 (1827)
Name: Berg-Blasenfarn (DE), Mountain bladderfern (EN)
Distribution: England (Scotland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Belgium; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; Spain; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Romania; C-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey (Anatolia); China (Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, ?Xinjiang, Yunnan); Japan; N-Pakistan; Nepal; Bhutan; NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand); Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Colorado, Montana)
10 DEN FIN GRB NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM GER LIE POL SLO SWI 12 FRA SPA 13 BIH CRO ITA ROM SLV 14 RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 33 GEO NCS 34 TUR 36 CHI 38 JAP 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA
Remarks: Subgen. Rhizomatopteris. Not in Taiwan
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium montanum (Lam.) Sw.; J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 42 (1801)
= Aspidium myrrhidifolium (Vill.) Chevall.; Fl. Env. Paris 2: 111 (1827)
= Athyrium montanum (Lam.) Röhl. ex Spreng.; Anleit. Kenntn. Gew. 3: 143 (1804)
= Cyathea montana (Lam.) J.Sm.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Turin 5: 417 (1793)
= Cyste montana (Lam.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrenées 33 (1867)
= Cystea montana (Lam.) Watt; Canad. Naturalist & Quart. J. Sci., ser. 2, 13: 160 (1867)
= Cystopteris allionii Newman; Phytologist (1851) app. 25, nom. nov. for Polypodium montanum Lam.
= Cystopteris modesta Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 5 (1940) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2018)
= Cystopteris montana f. glabrescens Zapal.; Conspic. Fl. Gallic. Crit. 1: 78 (1905)
= Cystopteris myrrhidifolia (Vill. ex Gilib.) Newman; Hist. Brit. Ferns, ed. III: 97 (1854)
= Filicula montana (Lam.) Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 234-251 (1931)
= Filix montana (Lam.) Underw.; Our nat. Ferns ed. 4: 119 (1900)
= Polypodium montanum Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 1: 23 (1779)
= Polypodium montium J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat., ed. 13[bis] 2(2): 1314 (1791)
= Polypodium myrrhidifolium Vill.; Fl. Delphinalis 114 (1785) ex Gilib., Syst. Pl. Eur. 1: 114 (1785)
= Rhizomatopteris montana (Lam.) A.P.Khokhr.; Fl. Magadansk. Obl.: 347 (1985)
species :
Cystopteris moupinensis Franch.; Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., sér. 2, 10: 111 (1887) (moupperensis)
Distribution: China (Gansu, NW-Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Japan; Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Sikkim)
36 CHI TIB 38 JAP TAI 40 BHU IND NEP
Remarks: Flora of China keeps C. tibetica and C. deqinensis separate
Synonyms: hidden
= Cystopteris deqinensis Z.R.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 32: 84 (1994)
= Cystopteris mairei Brause; Hedwigia 64: 200, t. 4 A (1914)
= Cystopteris sphaerocarpa Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 4: 144, f. 84 (1914)
= Cystopteris sudetica var. moupinensis (Franch.) Blasdell; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 21(4): 45 (1963), nom. superfl.
= Cystopteris sudetica var. moupinensis C.Chr.; Acta Horti Gothob. 1: 52 (1924)
= Cystopteris tangutica Grubov; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 7: 295, t. 60 (1958)
= Cystopteris tibetica Z.R.Wang; Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount. 1: 68 (1993), et Acta Phytotax. Sin. 32(1): 85 (1994) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Davallia triangularis Baker; Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 5: 202 (1891)
species :
Cystopteris pellucida (Franch.) Ching; C. Chr., Index Filic., Suppl. Tert.: 67 (1934)
Distribution: China (S-Gansu, Henan, Shaanxi, W-Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium pellucidum Franch.; Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., sér. 2, 10: 119 (1887)
= Cystopteris alata Ching; Fl. Tsinling. 2: 211 (1974)
= Dryopteris pellucida (Franch.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 283 (1905)
= Nephrodium pellucidum (Franch.) Diels; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29(2): 191 (1900)
species :
Cystopteris protrusa (Weath.) Blasdell; Mém. Torrey Bot. Club 21(4): 41 (1963)
Name: Lowland bladderfern
Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cystopteris fragilis f. protrusa (Weath.) Clute; Ferns in Their Haunts 263 (1938)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. protrusa Weath.; Rhodora 37: 373 (1935)
species :
Cystopteris reevesiana Lellinger; Amer. Fern J. 71(3): 92 (1981), nom. nov.
Name: Reeves´ bladderfern
Distribution: USA (Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, Utah); Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
73 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Cystopteris fragilis subsp. tenuifolia Clute; Fern Bull. 16: 76 (1908)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. tenuifolia (Clute) M.Broun; Index No. Amer. Ferns: 57 (1938)
species :
Cystopteris pseudoregia (Rivas Mart., T.E.Díaz, Fern.Prieto, Loidi & Penas) Rivas Mart.; Itinera Geobot. 15(2): 700 (2002)
Distribution: Norway; Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Austria; Spain; SW-France; ?Italy; Romania; Bulgaria
10 NOR 11 AUT GER SWI 12 FRA SPA 13 BUL ROM
Remarks: fragilis agg; an octoploid cytologically separate from C. fragilis. Has recently also been identified in the Alps.
Synonyms: hidden
= Cystopteris fragilis subsp. pseudoregia Rivas Mart., T.E.Díaz, Fern.Prieto, Loidi & Penas; Vegetacion Picos de Europa: 263 (1984)
species :
Cystopteris sudetica A.Braun & Milde; Jahresber. Schles. Ges. Vaterl. Cult. 33: 92 (1855)
Name: Sudeten-Blasenfarn (DE)
Distribution: Norway; Germany (Bayern); +Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Romania; Estonia; Belarus; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye); Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shanxi, Yunnan); Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; Japan
10 NOR 11 AUT CZE GER POL SLO 13 ROM 14 BLR EST MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 33 GEO NCS 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 JAP NKO
Remarks: Subgen. Rhizomatopteris, Not in India
Synonyms: hidden
= Cystopteris braunii Milde; Sporenpfl. 70 (1865), nom. nud.
= Cystopteris leucosoria Schur; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 8: 328 (1858)
= Cystopteris montana var. sudetica (A.Braun & Milde) Jess.; Deut. Excurs.-Fl. 616 (1879)
= Cystopteris silesiaca A.Braun ex Milde; Sporenpfl. 70 (1865), nom. nud.
= Cystopteris sudetica var. leptophylla Milde; Sporenpfl. 71 (1865)
= Cystopteris sudetica var. platyphylla Milde; Sporenpfl. 71 (1865)
= Cystopteris sudetica var. vulgaris Milde; Sporenpfl. 71 (1865)
= Rhizomatopteris sudetica (A.Braun & Milde) A.P.Khokhr.; Fl. Magadansk. Obl.: 347 (1985)
species :
Cystopteris tasmanica Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 1: 199 (1846)
Distribution: Australia (Tasmania, SE-New South Wales, E-Victoria); New Zealand (North Isl., South Isl.)
50 AUS 51 NZL
Synonyms: hidden
= Cystopteris fragilis var. tasmanica (Hook.) Hook.f.; (1858)
= Woodsia laetevirens Prent.; Queensland Dept. Agric. Brisbane Bot. Bull. 7: 37 (1891)
species :
Cystopteris tennesseensis Shaver; J. Tennessee Acad. Sci. 25(2): 107 (1950), pro hybr.
Name: Tennessee bladderfern
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cystopteris fragilis f. simulans Weath.; Rhodora 37: 376 (1935)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. simulans (Weath.) McGregor; Amer. Fern J. 40: 204 (1950)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. tennesseensis (Shaver) McGregor
species :
Cystopteris tenuis (Michx.) Desv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6(2): 264 (1827)
Name: Upland brittle bladderfern
Distribution: Canada (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium tenue (Michx.) Sw.; Syn. Fil. [Swartz] 58 (1806)
= Cystopteris filix-fragilis var. mackayi (G.Lawson) Farw.
= Cystopteris filix-fragilis var. tenuis (Michx.) Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 6: 200 (1904)
= Cystopteris fragilis var. mackayi G.Lawson; Fern Fl. Canada 233 (1889)
= Nephrodium tenue Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. (Michaux) 2: 269 (1803)
= Polypodium tenue (Michx.) Hoffm.; Deutschl. Fl., Theil 2 (Hoffm.) 2: 9 (1795)
species :
Cystopteris ulei Christ; Schwanke, Pl. Nov. Mineir. 2: 30 (1900)
Name: Ules bladderfern
Distribution: Brazil (Goiás, Mato Grosso)
84 BRA
species :
Cystopteris utahensis Windham & Haufler; Haufler & Windham, Amer. Fern J. 81: 13 (1991)
Name: Utah bladderfern
Distribution: USA (Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, Utah)
73 USA 76 USA 77 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cystopteris tennesseensis subsp. utahensis (Windham & Haufler) Windham; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 16(1): 6, figs. 1-3 (2022)
species :
Cystopteris ×christii Hahne; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 10: 103 (1904)
Distribution: Germany; Poland; etc.
11 GER POL
Remarks: Cystopteris fragilis x montana
species :
Cystopteris ×illinoensis R.C.Moran; Amer. Fern J. 72(2): 43 (1982)
Distribution: USA (Illinois, Ohio, Wisconsin)
74 USA 75 USA
Remarks: Cystopteris bulbifera x Cystopteris tenuis, Cystopteris bulbifera x fragilis var. mackayi
species :
Cystopteris ×montserratii Prada & Salvo; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 41: 46 (1984 publ. 1985)
Distribution: Spain; Pakistan; NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)
12 SPA 40 IND PAK
Remarks: Cystopteris dickieana x fragilis
Synonyms: hidden
= Cystopteris fragilis nothosubsp. montserratii (Prada & Salvo) Fraser-Jenk.; New Species Syndr. Indian Pteridol. 100 (1997)
species :
Cystopteris ×vidae Fraser-Jenk. & Parris; Indian J. Forest. 43(3): 276 (2020 publ. 2021)
Distribution: Turkey (Antalya)
34 TUR
Remarks: Cystopteris alpina x fragilis
species :
Cystopteris ×wagneri R.C.Moran; Castanea 48(3): 224 (1983)
Distribution: E-USA (Ohio)
75 USA
Remarks: Cystopteris tennesseensis x Cystopteris tenuis
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Ferns and Lycophytes of the World

CAUTION: Because two families were added, the families Desmophlebiaceae and Hemidictyaceae (with together 3 species) are not displayed in "World Ferns" any more. We are asap fixing this. In the meantime consult the main list if you need those families.

Version 24.11 (November 5th, 2024)

Covering 13,146 accepted species,
818 hybrids, 951 accepted infraspecific taxa and 54,318 synonyms,
in total 69,233* names

[*about 1,200 dubious, "unplaced" names are omitted from the main database and listed under "Unplaced names"]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 4,677 pictures of 1,435 taxa

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life