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Ver. 24.11
November 5th, 2024

047.0000 Family Blechnaceae Newman; Hist. Brit. Ferns, ed. II: 8 (1844)
7-24 genera, ca. 260 spp. Systematics following revision of Gasper et al. (2016)
Species listed in database: 271; hybrids: 11
047.1003 Genus Woodwardia Sm.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Turin 5: 411 (1793)
Distribution: Widespread in northern hemisphere, south to Costa Rica, W-Indonesia, mainly E-Asia, America (3)
Species listed in database: 13; hybrids: 2
= Chieniopteris Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 9: 37 (1964)
= Woodwardia sect.Chieniopteris (Ching) Cranfill; Pteridol. New Millennium 45 (2003)
species :
Woodwardia auriculata Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 196 (1828)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Cameron Highlands, Pahang); Sumatra; W-Java
42 JAW MLY SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Woodwardia radicans var. auriculata (Blume) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 658 (1906)
species :
Woodwardia fimbriata Sm.; Cycl. [A. Rees] (London ed.) 38: 76 (1818)
Name: Giant Chain Fern
Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (Arizona, California, Nevada, Oregon, Washington State); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Sonora)
71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Diplazium biserratum (C.Presl) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 114 t. 4 f. 2 (1836)
= Woodwardia biserrata C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 53 (1825)
= Woodwardia chamissoi Brack.; U.S. Expl. Exped., Filic. 16: 138 (1854)
= Woodwardia fimbriata f. ramosa (A.A.Eaton) M.Broun; Index No. Amer. Ferns: 167 (1938)
= Woodwardia paradoxa C.H.Wright; Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 41: 98 (1907)
= Woodwardia spinulosa f. ramosa A.A.Eaton; Fern Bull. 9: 87 (1901)
species :
Woodwardia harlandii Hook.; Fil. Exot.: t. 7 (1867)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, S-Hunan); Japan; Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; NE-Thailand; Vietnam
36 CHI 38 JAP NNS TAI 41 THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Chieniopteris harlandii (Hook.) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 9: 39, t. 4 (1964)
= Chrysodium harlandii (Hook.) Hance; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 138 (1873)
= Lorinseria harlandii (Hook.) J.Sm.; Hist. Fil. 311 (1875)
species :
Woodwardia japonica (L.f.) Sm.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Turin 5: 411 (1793)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hongkong, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Macao, Shaanxi, Shanghai, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Yunnan); South Korea (incl. Cheju Isl.); Japan; Taiwan; Myanmar; N-Thailand; Laos; Vietnam
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR TAI 41 LAO MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Blechnum japonicum L.f.; Suppl. Pl. 445 (1782)
= Woodwardia affinis Ching & P.S.Chiu; P. S. Chiu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 246 (1974)
= Woodwardia cochinchinensis Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 2: 7 (1931)
= Woodwardia japonica var. contigua Ching & P.S.Chiu; (1794)
= Woodwardia omeiensis Ching ex P.S.Chiu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 245 (1974)
species :
Woodwardia kempii Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 3: 280 (1908)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi); Japan; Taiwan
36 CHI 38 JAP TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Chieniopteris kempii (Copel.) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 9: 39 (1964)
= Woodwardia harlandii var. takeoi (Hayata) Masam.; J. Soc. Trop. Agric. 2(2): 151 (1930)
= Woodwardia heteropinnata B.S.Wang; Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 1961(2): 50 (1961)
= Woodwardia takeoi Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 5: 348 (1915)
species :
Woodwardia magnifica Ching & P.S.Chiu; P. S. Chiu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 247 (1974)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); Vietnam
36 CHI 41 VIE
species :
Woodwardia martinezii Maxon ex Weath.; Amer. Fern J. 39: 88 (1949)
Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Veracruz, Puebla)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chieniopteris martinezii (Maxon ex Weath.) Pic.Serm.; Webbia 31(1): 254 (1977)
species :
Woodwardia orientalis (Sw.) Sw.; J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 76 (1801)
Name: Oriental Chain fern (EN)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang); ?Japan
36 CHI
Remarks: not in India, not Taiwan, nor Philippines
Synonyms: hidden
= Woodwardia radicans var. orientalis Sw.; Nomencl. Bot. [Raeuschel], ed. 3: 378 (1797)
species :
Woodwardia prolifera Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 275, t. 56 (1838 publ. 1841)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang); Japan; Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Philippines (Bataan Isl.)
36 CHI 38 JAP NNS TAI 42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Woodwardia angustiloba Hance; J. Bot. 6: 176 (1868)
= Woodwardia exaltata Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 86: 149 (1921)
= Woodwardia orientalis var. formosana Rosenst.; Hedwigia 56: 334 (1915)
= Woodwardia orientalis var. prolifera (Hook. & Arn.) Ching
= Woodwardia prolifera var. formosana (Rosenst.) Ching & P.S.Chiu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 244 (1974)
species :
Woodwardia radicans (L.) Sm.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Turin 5: 412 (1793)
Name: Rooting chainfern (EN); Wurzelnder Kettenfarn (DE); Pijara (ES)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Italy; Sicily; Crete (W-Crete); Algeria; Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma Isl., Hierro); USA [I] (California [I], Florida [I]); ?Mexico (?Durango, ?Hidalgo, ?Jalisco, ?Mexico State, ?Michoacan, ?Veracruz)
12 POR SPA 13 ITA KRI SIC 20 ALG 21 AZO CNY MDR 76 usa 78 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Blechnum houttuynii Poir.; Encycl. [J. Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 1: 644 (1811)
= Blechnum radicans L.; Mant. Pl. 2: 307 (1771)
= Blechnum stans (Cav. ex Sm.) Poir.; Encycl. [J. Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 1: 644 (1811)
= Woodwardia stans Cav. ex Sm.; Syn. Fil. [Swartz] 117 (1806)
species :
Woodwardia semicordata Mickel & Beitel; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 46 [Pterid. Fl. Oaxaca]: 403 (1988), pro hybr.
Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Mexico State, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz); El Salvador; Costa Rica
79 MEX 80 COS ELS
Remarks: derived from W. martinezii x spinulosa
species :
Woodwardia spinulosa M.Martens & Galeotti; Nouv. Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 15(5): 64 (1842)
Name: Mexican Chain fern (EN)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica
79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Woodwardia radicans var. americana Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 3: 67 (1860)
species :
Woodwardia unigemmata (Makino) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 39: 103 (1925)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Japan; Taiwan; Pakistan (Swat, Pakistani Punjab, Hazara); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, West Bengal, Meghalaya, Manipur); Myanmar; Vietnam; Philippines (Luzon); Java; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
36 CHI TIB 38 JAP TAI 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA VIE 42 JAW NWG PHI
Remarks: populations from New Guinea might be a distinct species
Synonyms: hidden
= Blechnum japonicum Houtt.; Nat. Hist. (Houttuyn) 14: t. 97, f. 1 (1783)
= Woodwardia himalaica Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 191 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Woodwardia latiloba Ching & P.S.Chiu; P. S. Chiu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 242 (1974) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Woodwardia maxima Ching ex P.S.Chiu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 241 (1974) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Woodwardia radicans var. unigemmata Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 2: 7 (1918)
= Woodwardia yunnanensis Ching & P.S.Chiu; P. S. Chiu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 242 (1974) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
species :
Woodwardia ×intermedia Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 4: 618 (1904)
Distribution: Japan
38 JAP
Remarks: Woodwardia japonica x radicans
species :
Woodwardia ×izuensis Sa.Kurata; J. Geobot. 13: 10 (1964)
Distribution: Japan
38 JAP
Remarks: Woodwardia orientalis x unigemmata
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World


Version 24.11 (November 5th, 2024)

Covering 355,576 accepted species,
8,715 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,581 synonyms,
in total 1,412,785* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]


With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

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