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Ver. 24.11
November 5th, 2024

450.0000 Family Asteraceae Dumort.; Comment. Bot. 55 (1822)
1620 genera, ca. 29.000 spp. (35.000 spp. incl. microspecies). Systematics taken mostly from Funk et al. (2009, 2020) and other recent publications. Barnadesioideae might be its own family, related to Calyceraceae.
Species listed in database: 35141; hybrids: 686
= Acarnaceae Link; (1829)
= Ambrosiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820), nom. cons.
= Anthemidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Aposeridaceae Raf.; New Fl. N. Amer. 4: 106 (1838)
= Arctotaceae Bessey; Nebraska Univ. Stud. 14: 107 (1914)
= Arctotidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Artemisiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 48 (1820)
= Athanasiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 56 (1820)
= Calendulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Carduaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Carlinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Centaureaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Cichoriaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 168 (1789), nom. cons.
= Cnicaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 273, 297 (1818)
= Compositae Giseke; Prael. Ord. Nat. Pl.: 538 (1792), nom. cons.
= Coreopsidaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 768 (1829)
= Cynaraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot.: 926, 931, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Echinopaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Eupatoriaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 253 (1820)
= Gnaphaliaceae Link ex F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg.: 46 (1830)
= Grindeliaceae Rchb. ex A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 330 (1907)
= Heleniaceae Raf.; Cincinnati Lit. Gaz. 2: 28 (1824)
= Helianthaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Helichrysaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 712 (1829)
= Inulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Ivaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 1: 31 (1837)
= Lactucaceae Drude; J. A. Schenk, Handb. Bot. 3(2): 369 (1886)
= Lapsanaceae Martinov; (1820)
= Madiaceae A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 332 (1907)
= Matricariaceae Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt.: 400 (1845)
= Mutisiaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot.: 934, 935, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Nassauviaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch.: 290 (1836)
= Partheniaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 816 (1829)
= Perdiciaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 728 (1829)
= Picridaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 482 (1820)
= Santolinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 560 (1820)
= Senecionaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Serratulaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 577 (1820)
= Tanacetaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 273, 298 (1818)
= Tussilagaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Vernoniaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch.: 296 (1836)
= Xanthiaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 273, 298 (1818)
= Xeranthemaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl.: 498 (1843)
450.3265 Genus Volutaria Cass.; Bull. Soc. Philom. 200 (1816)
Distribution: Mediterranean, trop. Northeast Africa, SW-Asia
Species listed in database: 16
= Amberboa Adans.; Fam. Pl. 2: 117 (1763), nom. rej.
= Cyanopsis Cass.; Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1817: 200 (1817)
= Lacellia Viv.; Fl. Libyc. Spec.: 58 (1824)
= Volutarella Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 44: 36 (1826), nom. superfl.
species :
Volutaria abyssinica (A.Rich.) C.Jeffrey ex Cufod.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nat. Belg. 37: Suppl., 1176 (1967)
subspecies :
subsp. abyssinica
Distribution: Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Yemen (W-Yemen, N-Inner Yemen)
24 DJI ERI ETH SOM 35 YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Amberboa abyssinica Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 453 (1847)
= Amberboa hochstetteri (Oliv. & Hiern) Soják; Novit. Bot. & Del. Sem. Hort. Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag., 47 (1962)
= Amberboa saltii (Philipson) Soják; Novit. Bot. & Del. Sem. Hort. Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag., 47 (1962)
= Amberboa somalensis (Oliv. & Hiern) Soják; Novit. Bot. & Del. Sem. Hort. Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag., 47 (1962)
= Centaurea hochstetteri Oliv. & Hiern; Fl. Trop. Afr. 3: 438 (1877)
= Centaurea saltii Philipson; J. Bot. 77: 233 (1939)
= Centaurea somalensis Oliv. & Hiern; Fl. Trop. Afr. 3: 438 (1877)
= Volutarella abyssinica (Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich.) Vatke; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 27: 198 (1877)
= Volutaria abyssinica (Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich.) C.Jeffrey; Cufod., Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 37(3, Suppl.): 1176 (1967)
= Volutaria somalensis (Oliv. & Hiern) C.Jeffrey; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nat. Belg. 37: Suppl. 1177 (1967)
subspecies :
subsp. aylmeri (Baker) Wagenitz; Candollea 46(2): 407 (1991)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
Synonyms: hidden
= Amberboa aylmeri (Baker) Soják; Novit. Bot. & Del. Sem. Hort. Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag., 47 (1962)
= Centaurea aylmeri Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895: 218 (1895)
subspecies :
subsp. inornata Wagenitz; Candollea 46(2): 408 (1991)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Volutaria albicaulis (Deflers) Wagenitz; Candollea 46: 408 (1991)
Distribution: Saudi Arabia (Asir); Yemen (Aden Desert, SE-Yemen: coastal Hadhramaut, W-Yemen)
35 SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea albicaulis (Deflers) O.Schwartz; Mitt. Inst. Allgem. Bot. Hamburg 10: 293 (1939)
= Volutaria albicaulis Deflers; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 109 (1896), nom. inval.
species :
Volutaria belouini (Humbert) Maire; Jahand. & Maire. Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 818 (1934)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Amberboa belouini (Humbert) Soják; Novit. Bot. & Del. Sem. Hort. Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag., 47 (1962)
= Centaurea belouini Humbert; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 18: 152 (1927)
species :
Volutaria bollei (Sch.Bip. ex Bolle) G.Kunkel; Cuad. Bot. Canar. 28: 12 (1976 publ. 1977)
Name: Cardomanso de Bolle (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Amberboa bollei Sch.Bip. ex Bolle; Bonplandia (Hannover) 7: 297 (1859)
= Carlina bollei (Sch.Bip.) Linding.; Abh. Gebiet Auslandsk., Hamb. 21: Reihe C, Naturw. 8: (Beitr. Veg. u. Fl. Kanar. Ins.) 172 (1926)
= Centaurea bolleana Sch.Bip. ex Bolle; Bot. Jahrb. 14: 234 (1892)
species :
Volutaria boranensis (Cufod.) Wagenitz; Candollea 46(2): 408 (1991)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Djibouti; Soqotra; Kenya; Tanzania
24 DJI ETH SOC 25 KEN TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurea hochstetteri subsp. boranensis Cufod.; N. Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 50: 115 (1943)
species :
Volutaria canariensis Wagenitz; Candollea 46(2): 408 (1991)
Name: Cardomanso canario (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.)
21 CNY
species :
Volutaria crupinoides (Desf.) Maire; Jahand. & Maire. Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 818 (1934)
Distribution: W-Portugal (Sa. de la Arrabida); Morocco; Western Sahara; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Eastern Desert, NE-Egypt, NW-coastal Egypt); Mauritania; Sudan; Israel (Rift Valley, N-Negev Desert, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Qatar
12 POR 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN WSA 22 MTN 24 SUD 34 ISR SIN 35 QAT
Synonyms: hidden
= Amberboa crupinoides (Desf.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 559 (1838)
= Amberboa crupinoides var. immarginata Feinbrun; Israel J. Bot., 25(1-2): 83 (1976)
= Amberboa crupinoides var. libyca (Viv.) Pamp.; Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital. 21: 19 (1914)
= Amberboa libyca (Viv.) Alavi; Fl. Libya, 107: 267 (1983)
= Centaurea crupinoides Desf.; Fl. Atl. 2: 293 (1799)
= Lacellia lybica Viv.; Fl. Lib. Spec. 58, t. 22, f. 2 (1824)
= Volutarella bicolor Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 58: 454 (1829)
= Volutarella crupinoides (Desf.) Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 525 (1878)
species :
Volutaria dhofarica Wagenitz; Candollea 46: 409 (1991)
Distribution: Oman (Dhofar)
35 OMA
species :
Volutaria djiboutensis Wagenitz; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 98B, Suppl.: 178 (1996)
Distribution: Djibouti
24 DJI
species :
Volutaria lippii (L.) Cass.; Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris 1816: 200 (1816)
subspecies :
subsp. lippii
Distribution: Poland [I]; SE-Spain [I]; Sicily [I]; Morocco; Western Sahara; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Eastern Desert, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, NW-coastal Egypt, SE-Egypt); Djibouti; Soqotra; Iran (S-Iran); Israel (Rift Valley, S-Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Dahana, NE-Saudi Arabia, Asir)
11 pol 12 spa 13 sic 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN WSA 24 DJI SOC 34 IRN ISR JOR SIN 35 SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Amberboa lippii (L.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 559 (1838)
= Amberboa subdiscolor (Lojac.) Pamp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. It., 19 (1914)
= Centaurea lippii L.; Sp. Pl. 910 (1753)
= Centaurea muricata Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16. 3: 402 (1826)
= Cyanus mucronatus Moench; Methodus: 560 (1794)
= Volutarella lippii (L.) Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 44: 39 (1826)
= Volutaria lippii (L.) Maire; Jahand. & Maire, Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 817 (1934)
subspecies :
subsp. medians (Maire) Wagenitz; Candollea 46(2): 409 (1991)
Distribution: Morocco; Western Sahara
20 MOR WSA
Synonyms: hidden
= Amberboa lippii var. medians Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 196 (1932)
species :
Volutaria maroccana (Barratte & Murb.) Maire,; Jahand. & Maire, Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 818 (1934)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Amberboa crupina Coss. ex Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 22: 110 (1931)
= Amberboa maroccana Barratte & Murb.; Lunds Univ. Arsskrift. n. s. Afd. 2 2: No. 1, 56 (1905)
= Centaurea murbeckiana Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 22: 110 (1931)
species :
Volutaria muricata (L.) Maire; Jahand. & Maire. Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 817 (1934)
Name: Morocco knapweed
Distribution: S-Spain (Málaga, Granada, Cordoba); France [I]; Morocco; Algeria; USA [I] (California [I])
12 fra SPA 20 ALG MOR 76 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Amberboa micractis Boiss. & Reut.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 2, 3: 62 (1856)
= Amberboa muricata (L.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 559 (1838)
= Calcitrapa elongata Moench; Methodus 563 (1794)
= Centaurea muricata L.; Sp. Pl. 918 (1753)
= Centaurea pubigera Pers.; Syn. 2: 488 (1807)
= Cyanopsis muricata (L.) Dostál; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 193 (1976)
= Cyanopsis radicatissima Cass.; Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1817: 200 (1817), nom. superfl.
= Volutarella muricata (L.) Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. 2: 476 (1873)
species :
Volutaria saharae (L.Chevall.) Wagenitz; Willdenowia 33: 49-61 (2003)
Distribution: ?Morocco; Western Sahara; Algeria; Libya; Egypt
20 ALG EGY LBY WSA
Synonyms: hidden
= Amberboa saharae Chev.; Bull. Herb. Boiss. Ser. II. 5: 442 (1856)
= Volutaria saharae (Chevall., sine ref.) Quézel & Santa; Nouv. Fl. Alger. 2: 1034 (1963)
= Volutaria saharae (Chevall.) Wagenitz; Candollea 46(2): 409 (1991)
species :
Volutaria sinaica (DC.) Wagenitz; Candollea 46: 409 (1991)
Distribution: Morocco; Western Sahara; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (SE-Egypt); N-Chad (Tibesti); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Oman (Mascat & Oman)
20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN WSA 24 CHA 34 SIN 35 OMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Amberboa leucantha Coss. ex Batt.; Chevalier, Bull. Herb. Boiss., ser. 2, 3: 774 (1903)
= Amberboa leucantha var. pubescens Maire
= Amberboa sinaica DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 559 (1838)
= Centaurea leucantha (Coss.) Philipson; J. Bot. 77: 233 (1939)
= Centaurea perralderiana Maire; Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 3: 217 (1933)
= Centaurea sphacelata Sch.Bip.; Linnaea 19: 326 (1846)
= Volutarella leucantha (Coss.) Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 526 (1878)
= Volutaria leucantha (Coss.) Maire; Jahand. & Maire. Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 817 (1934)
species :
Volutaria socotrensis Wagenitz; Englera 28: 62 (2006)
Distribution: Soqotra
24 SOC
species :
Volutaria tubuliflora (Murb.) Sennen; Campagn. Bot. Maroc Or. 1930-5, 148 (1936)
Name: Cardomanso de burro (ES)
Distribution: SE-Spain; France [I]; Sicily [I]; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); Canary Isl. (El Hierro, Lanzarote, Tenerife, Gran Canaria); Chile [I] (Atacama [I], Coquimbo [I])
12 fra SPA 13 sic 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 CNY 85 cle
Synonyms: hidden
= Amberboa atlantica Pit.; Explor. Sci. Maroc, Bot. 61 (1912)
= Amberboa lippii subsp. tubuliflora (Murb.) Murb.; Acta Univ. Lund. n.s. 19: 61 (1923)
= Amberboa lippii var. subdiscolor Lojac.; Naturalista Sicil. 4: 133 (1885)
= Amberboa ramosissima Pit.; Explor. Sci. Maroc, Bot.: 62 (1912)
= Amberboa tubuliflora Murb.; Act. Univ. Lund. 33: no. 12. 105 (1897)
= Centaurea tubuliflora (Murb.) F.Vierh. ex Buxb.; Verh.-Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien. 76: 68 (1926 publ. 1927)
= Volutaria lippii subsp. tubuliflora (Murb.) Maire; Jahand. et al., Cat. Pl. Maroc: 818 (1934)
= Volutaria lippii var. atlantica (Pit.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 424 (1938)
= Volutaria lippii var. ramosissima (Pit.) Maire; Jahand. et al., Cat. Pl. Maroc: 818 (1934)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World


Version 24.11 (November 5th, 2024)

Covering 355,576 accepted species,
8,715 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,581 synonyms,
in total 1,412,785* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]


With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life