253.0000
Family
Cucurbitaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 393 (1789), nom. cons.
ca. 100 genera, ca. 1050 spp. Phylogeny: Schaefer & Renner (2011)
Species listed in database: 1083; hybrids: 3
= Bryoniaceae G.Mey.; Chloris Han.: 6, 112 (1836)
= Cyclantheraceae Lilja; Skånes Fl., ed. 2: 716, 980 (1870)
= Nhandirobaceae T.Lestib.; Botanogr. Elém.: 515 (1826)
= Zanoniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl.: 28, 29 (1829)
253.1103
Genus
Trichosanthes L.; Sp. Pl. 1008 (1753)
Distribution: South, East, and Southeast Asia, Malesia, tropical Australia, Melanesia to Fiji. Inclusion of Gymnopetalum based on molecular results. Trichosanthes itself is paraphyletic and needs further revision (Kubitzki Vol. X). The synonymy and species circumscription remains partially controversial.
Species listed in database: 113
= Anguina Mill.; Fig. Pl. 1: 21 (1755)
= Cucumeroides Gaertn.; Fruct. 2: 485, t. 180, t. 4
= Eopepon Naudin; Ann. Sc Nat. Ser. V. 5: 31 (1866)
= Gymnopetalum Arn.; Madras J. Lit. Sci. 12: 52 (1840), et Hook. J. Bot. 3: 278 (1841)
= Involucraria Ser.; Mem. Soc. Phys. Genev. 3(1): 25, t. 5 (1825)
= Platygonia Naudin; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. V. 5: 33, t. 5 (1866)
= Scotanthus Naudin; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. IV. 16: 172 (1861)
= Tripodanthera M.Roem.; Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 2 (Syn. Pepon.) 48 (1846)
species :
Trichosanthes adhaerens
W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Sandakania 14: 11 (2004)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah)
42 BOR
species :
Trichosanthes anaimalaiensis
Bedd.; Madr. J. Sci., ser. 3, 1: 47 (1864)
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Tripura); Sri Lanka; Andaman Isl.
40 IND SRL 41 AND
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina anamalayana (Bedd.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Trichosanthes anamalayana Bedd.; Trans. Linn. Soc. 25: 217 (1865), orth. var.
= Trichosanthes bracteata var. tomentosa B.Heyne emend.Chakrav.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 17 47 (1959)
= Trichosanthes palmata var. tomentosa B.Heyne ex C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 2: 607 (1879)
= Trichosanthes tricuspidata var. tomentosa (B.Heyne ex C.B.Clarke) Kumari; N. C. Nair & A. N Henry, Fl. Tamil Nadu, India, Ser. 1, l: 174 (1983)
species :
Trichosanthes auriculata
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 17(3): 216 (1998)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak, Kalimantan, Sabah)
42 BOR
species :
Trichosanthes baviensis
Gagnep.; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 24(5): 379 (1918)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, SW-Guizhou, S-Yunnan); Myanmar; Vietnam
36 CHI 41 MYA VIE
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Trichosanthes beccariana
Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 380 (1881)
subspecies :
subsp. beccariana
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina beccariana (Cogn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
subspecies :
subsp. pusilla
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(3): 217 (1998)
Distribution: Borneo (Kalimantan, Sabah, Sarawak)
42 BOR
species :
Trichosanthes borneensis
Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 369 (1881)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Kelantan, Johor); Sumatra; Borneo
42 BOR MLY SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina borneensis (Cogn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Anguina sumatrana (Cogn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Trichosanthes sumatrana Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 373 (1881)
species :
Trichosanthes bracteata
(Lam.) Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 58 (1845)
Distribution: India (West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya); Bangladesh; Andaman / Nicobar Isl.; Myanmar; Vanuatu [I]
40 BAN IND 41 MYA 60 van
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina bracteata (Lam.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Modecca bracteata Lam.; Encycl. 4(1): 210 (1797)
= Trichosanthes palmata Roxb.; Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 3: 704-705 (1832), nom. illeg.
= Trichosanthes tricuspidata var. strigosa S.Mitra & Bandyop.; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 95: 374 (1998)
species :
Trichosanthes celebica
Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 385 (1881)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (scattered); Singapore; Sulawesi; Moluccas
42 MLY MOL SNG SUL
Conservation Status: vulnerable (Singapore)
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina celebica (Cogn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
species :
Trichosanthes conferta
Duyfjes, Nuraliev & Luu; Blumea 46(3): 267 (2016)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
species :
Trichosanthes cordata
Roxb.; [Hort. Bengal. 70 (1814), nomen] Fl. lnd. ed. 2, 3: 703 (1832)
Distribution: SE-Tibet; Nepal; India (Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Bago); peninsular Malaysia
36 TIB 40 BAN IND NEP 41 MYA 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina cordata (Roxb.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Involucraria cordata (Roxb.) M.Roem.; Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 2: 97 (1846)
= Trichosanthes macrosiphon Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 308 (1872)
= Trichosanthes tuberosa Roxb. ex Wight & Arn.; Prod. 349 (1834)
species :
Trichosanthes coriacea
Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 935 (1826)
Distribution: Sumatra; Java
42 JAW SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina coriacea (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
species :
Trichosanthes costata
Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 933 (1826)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, Yunnan); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Manipur, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (South Andamans); Nicobar Isl. (North Nicobars, Car Nicobar Isl., Central Nicobars); Myanmar (Bago, Yangon); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (widespread); Singapore [I]; Sumatra; Borneo; Sulawesi; Philippines (Luzon, Balabac, Masbate, Panay, Cebu, Basilan, Mindanao); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl.; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Moluccas
36 CHI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 AND CBD LAO MYA NCB THA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL PHI sng SUL SUM
Remarks: often treated under the name "T. cochinchinensis"
Synonyms: hidden
= Bryonia cochinchinensis Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 2: 595-596 (1790)
= Cucumis tubiflorus Roxb. ex Wight & Arn.; Prod. 348 (1834)
= Euonymus chinensis Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 1: 156-157 (1790)
= Gymnopetalum chinense (Lour.) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 15(3): 256 (1919 publ. 1920)
= Gymnopetalum heterophyllum Kurz; J. Bot. 13(155): 326 (1875)
= Gymnopetalum quinquelobatum Merr.; J. Arnold Arbor. 19(1): 70 (1938)
= Gymnopetalum quinquelobum Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1: 681 (1855)
= Momordica spicata L. ex Sm.; Rees, Cycl. 23: n. 13 (1813)
= Momordica surculata Noronha; Verh. Batav. Gen. 5: ed. I. Art. 4: 21 (1790), nomen
= Momordica tubiflora Roxb.; Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 2: 711 (1832)
= Scotanthus porteanus Naudin; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. V. 5: 25 (1866)
= Scotanthus tubiflorus (Roxb.) Naudin; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. IV. 16: 173, t. 3 (1861)
= Trichosanthes fatoa Buch.-Ham.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 6695 (1832), nomen
= Trichosanthes laciniata Ridl.; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 59: 107 (1911)
= Trichosanthes parviflora Wight ex Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 6690 E (1832), nomen
= Trichosanthes tatoa Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 6695 (1832), nomen
species :
Trichosanthes cucumerina
L.; Sp. Pl. 1008 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. cucumerina
Name: Chichinda, Coolie Kitchender, Kichinda (Trinidad & Tobago)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, S-Yunnan); Pakistan (Pakistani Punjab, Rawalpindi, Murree); India (Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Jharkhand, Goa, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Odisha, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Maldives; Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives]; Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. [I]; Nicobar Isl. [I]; Myanmar; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Sulawesi; Philippines (Luzon); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Solomon Isl. [I]; Australia (N-coastal Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland); ?Fiji; Vanuatu [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Truk [I], Romanum [I]); Trinidad & Tobago [I]
36 CHI 40 BAN IND LDV MDV PAK SRL 41 and CBD MYA ncb VIE 42 JAW LSI MLY PHI SUL 43 sol 50 AUS 60 van 62 mic 81 trt
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina cucumerina (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Gymnopetalum cochinchinense (Lour.) Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 40: 57 (1871)
= Gymnopetalum cochinchinense var. incisa Gagnep.; Lecomte (ed.), Fl. Indo-Chine 2: 1050 (1921)
= Involucraria cordata M.Roem.; Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 2: 97 (1846)
= Trichosanthes ambrosii Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 89: 631 (1929), as ´ambrozii´
= Trichosanthes brevibracteata Kundu; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 43: 373, t. 2 (1942)
= Trichosanthes brevibracteata var. longirostrata Kundu; J. Bot. 77: 11 (1939)
= Trichosanthes cochinchinensis (Lour.) M.Roem.; Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 2 (Syn. Pepon.) 96 (1846)
= Trichosanthes colubrina J.Jacq.; Ecl. Pl. Rar. 2: t. 128 (1844)
= Trichosanthes cucumerina var. laciniosa Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 126 (1859)
= Trichosanthes laciniosa J.G.Klein ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 4: 601 (1805)
= Trichosanthes olida F.Muell.; Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh 7: 491 (1863)
= Trichosanthes pachyrrhachis Kundu; J. Bot. 77(10): 9 (1939)
= Trichosanthes pedatifolia Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(1): 677 (1856)
= Trichosanthes petala Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 6687 D (1832), nomen
= Trichosanthes reniformis Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1: t. 675 (1856)
= Trichosanthes wightiana M.Roem.; Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 2 (Syn. Pepon.) 96 (1846)
= Tripodanthera cochinchinensis (Lour.) M.Roem.; Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 2: 48 (1846)
variant :
var. anguina
(L.) Haines; Bot. Bihar Odisha 388 (1922)
Distribution: Guinea [I]; Benin [I]; Cameroon [I]; Madagascar [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; China [I]; Pakistan [I]; India; Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives] [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Andaman Isl. [I] (South Andamans [I]); Myanmar; Thailand; Vietnam [I]; peninsular Malaysia; Philippines (Luzon); Java; New Guinea [I]; Guadeloupe [c]; Barbados [c]
22 ben gui 23 cmn 29 mau mdg reu 36 chi 40 ban IND ldv pak 41 and MYA THA vie 42 JAW MLY nwg PHI 81 bbd gdl
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina anguina (L.) Huth; Helios 11: 133 (1893), nomen
= Cucumis anguinus (L.) L.; Sp. Pl. ed. II. 1437 (1763)
= Involucraria anguina (L.) M.Roem.; Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 2 (Syn. Pepon.) 97 (1846)
= Trichosanthes anguina L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 1008 (1753)
= Trichosanthes cucumerina subsp. anguina (L.) Greb.; Mansf., Verz. Landwirtsch. Gärtn. Kulturpfl., ed. 2, 2: 928 (1986)
subspecies :
subsp. sublobata
(Kundu) K.Pradheep, Pani & K.C.Bhatt; Novon 24(1): 41 (2015)
Distribution: India
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes brevibracteata var. sublobata Kundu; J. Bot. 77: 11 (1939)
subspecies :
subsp. villosula
(Cogn.) K.Pradheep, Pani & K.C.Bhatt; Novon 24(1): 41 (2015)
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Karnataka, Kerala, Nagaland, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Bangladesh
40 BAN IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina villosula (Cogn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Trichosanthes villosula Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 362 (1881)
= Trichosanthes villosula var. nilgirensis Kundu; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 43 375 (1943)
variant :
var. lobata
(Roxb.) S.N.Biswas; Fl. Ind., ser. 2, 2: 392 (2015)
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Pudueherry, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina perrottetiana (Cogn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Trichosanthes lobata Roxb.; Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 2: 703 (1832)
= Trichosanthes perrottetiana Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 362 (1881)
species :
Trichosanthes cucumeroides
(Ser.) Maxim. ex Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 1: 172 (1875)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang); SE-Tibet; Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan
36 CHI TIB 38 JAP NNS TAI
Remarks: pilosa agg.; often included in T. pilosa s. lat.
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina cucumeroides (Ser.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Bryonia cucumeroides Ser.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 3: 308 (1828)
= Platygonia kaempferi Naudin; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. V. 5: 33, t. 5 (1866)
= Trichosanthes ascendens C.Y.Cheng & C.H.Yueh; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(3): 340, pl. 5, f. 2, pl. 6, f. 3 (1980)
= Trichosanthes cavalerei H.Lév.; Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 123 (1914)
= Trichosanthes chinensis Ser.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 3: 315 (1828)
= Trichosanthes cucumerina Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 82 (1865 publ. 1866), nom. illeg., non L.
= Trichosanthes cucumeroides var. cavaleriei (H.Lév.) W.J.Chang; Fl. Sichuanica 10: 137 (1992)
= Trichosanthes cucumeroides var. formosana (Hayata) Kitam.; J. Jap. Bot. 19(1,2): 38-40. 1943.
= Trichosanthes cucumeroides var. globosa Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 54: 468 (1940)
= Trichosanthes cucumeroides var. stenocarpa Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 54: 223 (1941)
= Trichosanthes formosana Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 10: 7-8 (1921)
= Trichosanthes matsudae Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 10: 10-11 (1921)
= Trichosanthes ovigera subsp. cucumeroides (Ser.) C.Jeffrey; Mansfeld´s Encycl. 3: 1528 (6: 2825) (2001)
variant :
var. hainanensis
(Hayata) S.K.Chen; Chen Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 5(2): 117-118 (1985)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes hainanensis Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 10: 8 (1921)
species :
Trichosanthes cycloopensis
Lu Q.Huang; Trichosanthes 146 (2009)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
species :
Trichosanthes dafangensis
N.G.Ye & S.J.Li; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 27(2): 153-154, f. 1 (1989)
Distribution: China (Guizhou)
36 CHI
species :
Trichosanthes densiflora
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(4): 252 (1999)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Trichosanthes dentifera
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(4): 253 (1999)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Solomon Isl.; Vanuatu
42 NWG 43 SOL 60 VAN
species :
Trichosanthes dieniensis
Merr. & L.M.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 30: 59 (1949)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Vanuatu [I]
42 NWG 60 van
species :
Trichosanthes dioica
Roxb.; Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 3: 701 (1832)
Distribution: Pakistan (Pakistani Punjab, Swat); India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Meghalaya, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Ladakh); Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. [I] (South Andamans [I])
40 BAN IND PAK 41 and
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina dioica (Roxb.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Trichosanthes dioica var. sagittifolia Chakrav.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 17: 55 (1959)
= Trichosanthes officinalis Buch.-Ham. ex G.Don; Gen. Syst. 3: 38 (1834), descr.
= Trichosanthes officinalis Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 6694 (1831), nomen
species :
Trichosanthes dolichosperma
Duyfjes & Pruesapan; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 32: 84 (2004)
Distribution: NE-Thailand
41 THA
species :
Trichosanthes dunniana
H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10(243-247): 148 (1911)
subspecies :
subsp. dunniana
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan); India (Meghalaya); Myanmar; Thailand; Laos
36 CHI 40 IND 41 LAO MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes majuscula (C.B.Clarke) Kundu; J. Bot. 77(1): 12 (1939)
= Trichosanthes multiloba var. majuscula C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 2(6): 608 (1879)
= Trichosanthes prazeri Kundu; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 43: 378 (1942)
= Trichosanthes rubriflos f. macrosperma C.Y.Cheng & C.H.Yueh; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(4): 443, pl. 88, 24 (1974)
= Trichosanthes tridentata C.Y.Cheng & C.H.Yueh; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(3): 349-350, pl. 5, 5, pl. 6, 17 (1980)
= Trichosanthes wallichiana var. majuscula (C.B.Clarke) Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 369 (1881)
subspecies :
subsp. clarkei
K.Pradheep; Blumea 65(3): 234 (2020)
Distribution: N-India (Sikkim)
40 IND
species :
Trichosanthes edulis
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(4): 254 (1999)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes neoguineana C.H.Yueh & Lu Q.Huang; Trichosanthes 77 (2009)
= Trichosanthes papuaensis Lu Q.Huang; Trichosanthes 67 (2009)
= Trichosanthes trifida C.H.Yueh & Lu Q.Huang; Trichosanthes: 65 (2009), nom. inval.
variant :
var. sativa
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(4): 256 (1999)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
variant :
var. septemloba
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(4): 256 (1999)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
variant :
var. punctata
W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Reinwardtia 13(3): 225 (2012)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
Remarks: only known from type
species :
Trichosanthes ellipsoidea
Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. Bot. 13: 332 (1918)
Distribution: Borneo; Philippines (Catanduanes)
42 BOR PHI
species :
Trichosanthes elmeri
Merr.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 15: 299 (1929)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (widespread); Sumatra; Borneo (Kalimantan, Sarawak, Sabah); Brunei; Palawan
42 BOR BRN MLY PLW SUM
species :
Trichosanthes emarginata
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(4): 258 (1999)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Pahang); Sumatra
42 MLY SUM
species :
Trichosanthes epibracteata
Duyfjes & Nuraliev; Blumea 46(3): 268 (2016)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
species :
Trichosanthes erosa
Duyfjes & Pruesapan; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 32: 85 (2004)
Distribution: SW-Thailand; N-Vietnam
41 THA VIE
variant :
var. integra
W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Reinwardtia 12(4): 269 (2008)
Distribution: SW-Thailand
41 THA
species :
Trichosanthes fissibracteata
C.Y.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(4): 438, pl. 86, f. 1, pl. 88, f. 20 (1974)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, SE-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Trichosanthes floresana
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(4): 260 (1999)
Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isl. (Flores)
42 LSI
species :
Trichosanthes fusca
W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Sandakania 14: 17 (2004)
Distribution: Borneo (Kalimantan)
42 BOR
species :
Trichosanthes glandulosa
G.Q.Zhu, H.Z.Peng & X.H.Liu; J. Zhejiang Forest. Sci. Technol. 40(3): 91 (2020)
Distribution: China (Zhejiang)
36 CHI
species :
Trichosanthes globosa
Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 936 (1826)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina globosa (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Anguina grandiflora (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 254 (1891)
= Involucraria globosa M.Roem.; Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 2 (Syn. Pepon.) 99 (1846)
= Trichosanthes grandiflora Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 934 (1826)
= Trichosanthes sumatrana var. obtusiloba Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 373 (1881)
species :
Trichosanthes hastata
Cogn. ex Harms; Engl. Jahrb 60: 160 (1925)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Trichosanthes holtzei
F.Muell.; Australas. J. Pharm. 1: 447 (1886), et in Bot. Centralbl. 29: 275 (1887)
Distribution: Australia (coastal Northern Territory, NE-Queensland); Lesser Sunda Isl.
42 LSI 50 AUS
Remarks: pilosa agg.; often included in T. pilosa s. lat.
species :
Trichosanthes homophylla
Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 10: 8-10, f. 4-5 (1921)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes mushaensis Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 10: 11-13, f. 6 (1921)
species :
Trichosanthes hosokawae
Fosberg; Occas. Papers Bishop Mus., Honolulu 22: 67 (1958)
Distribution: Palau (Ulebsechel)
62 PLU
species :
Trichosanthes hylonoma
Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7(4): 1066 (1936)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, SE-Guizhou, S-Hunan, Zhejiang)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes leishanensis C.Y.Cheng & C.H.Yueh; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(3): 342-343, pl. 5, f. 4
= Trichosanthes parviflora C.Y.Wu ex S.K.Chen; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 5(2): 117 (1985)
= Trichosanthes zhejiangensis C.H.Yueh & Lu Q.Huang; Trichosanthes: 43 (2009), nom. superfl.
species :
Trichosanthes integrifolia
Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 127 (1859)
Distribution: Sri Lanka; Myanmar (Bago)
40 SRL 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina thwaitesii (Cogn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Trichosanthes thwaitesii Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 387 (1881), nom. illeg.
species :
Trichosanthes intermedia
W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Sandakania 14: 19 (2004)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah)
42 BOR
species :
Trichosanthes inthanonensis
Duyfjes & Pruesapan; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 32: 86 (2004)
Distribution: Thailand; Laos
41 LAO THA
species :
Trichosanthes ishigakiensis
E.Walker; J. Jap. Bot. 46(3): 71 (1971)
Distribution: Ryukyu Isl. (Ishigakijima)
38 NNS
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes homophylla var. ishigakiensis (E.Walker) T.Yamaz.; J. Jap. Bot. 73(1): 51 (1998)
species :
Trichosanthes jinggangshanica
C.H.Yueh; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(3): 342, f. 2 (1980)
Distribution: China (SW-Jiangxi)
36 CHI
species :
Trichosanthes jonesii
C.Y.Cheng & Lu Q.Huang; Trichosanthes 15 (-16) (2009)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Trichosanthes kerrii
Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1914: 7 (1914)
Distribution: China (SW-Guangxi, SW-Yunnan); India (Nagaland); N-Thailand; Laos
36 CHI 40 IND 41 LAO THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes tomentosa Chakrav.; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 50: 894, f. 45 (1952)
species :
Trichosanthes khasiana
Kundu; J. Bot. Lond. 77: 11 (1939)
Distribution: India (Meghalaya)
40 IND
species :
Trichosanthes kinabaluensis
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(4): 262 (1999), with two types cited; et in Reinwardtia 11(5): 419 (2000)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah)
42 BOR
species :
Trichosanthes kirilowii
Maxim.; Prim. Fl. Amur. 482 (1859)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus] [I]; China (Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Zhejiang); North Korea; South Korea; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
33 geo 36 CHI 38 KOR NKO 41 CBD LAO VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina kirilowii (Maxim.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 254 (1891)
= Eopepon aurantiacus Naudin; Huber, Cat. (1870) Suppl. 6
= Eopepon vitifolius Naudin; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. V. 5: 32 (1866)
= Trichosanthes obtusiloba C.Y.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(4): 431-432, pl. 84, f. 2, pl. 88, f. 32 (1974)
= Trichosanthes palmata Hance; J. Bot. 16: 227 (1878) non Roxb.
= Trichosanthes vitifolia (Naudin) N.E.Br.; Suppl. Johnson´s Gard. Dict.: 1017 (1882)
variant :
var. japonica
(Miq.) Kitam.; J. Jap. Bot. 19: 29 (1943)
Distribution: Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.
38 JAP NNS
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina japonica (Miq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Gymnopetalum japonicum Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 82 (1865)
= Trichosanthes cucumerina Thunb.; Fl. Jap. 332 (1784)
= Trichosanthes japonica (Miq.) Regel; Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 1868 90 (1869)
= Trichosanthes quadricirra Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 82 (1865)
species :
Trichosanthes kostermansii
Duyfjes & Pruesapan; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 32: 89 (2004)
Distribution: SW-Thailand
41 THA
species :
Trichosanthes laceribractea
Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 117-118 (1911)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Jiangxi, Sichuan); Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Laos; ?Borneo
36 CHI 38 JAP NNS TAI 41 LAO
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes hupehensis C.Y.Cheng & C.H.Yueh; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(4): 439-440, t. 86, f. 2, t. 88, f. 33 (1974)
= Trichosanthes koshunensis Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 10: 10 (1921)
= Trichosanthes punctata Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 10: 13 (1921)
= Trichosanthes schizostroma Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 10: 13 (1921)
= Trichosanthes shikokiana Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 6: 54 (1892)
= Trichosanthes sinopunctata C.Y.Cheng & C.H.Yueh; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(4): 437-438, t. 85, f. 4 (1974)
species :
Trichosanthes laeoica
C.Y.Cheng & Lu Q.Huang; Bull. Bot. Res. Harbin 16: 503 (1996)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Trichosanthes lepiniana
(Naudin) Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 377 (1881)
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Goa, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Odisha, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Cambodia
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 CBD
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina lepiniana (Cogn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 254 (1891)
= Involucraria lepiniana Naudin; Huber, Cat. 11 (1868)
species :
Trichosanthes leuserensis
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(4): 265 (1999)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
species :
Trichosanthes longispicata
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(4): 266 (1999)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak)
42 BOR
species :
Trichosanthes mianyangensis
C.H.Yueh & R.G.Liao; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 12(1): 115-117, f. s. n. (1992)
Distribution: China (Hubei, Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Trichosanthes miyagii
Hayata; Ic. Pl. Formos. 10: 11 (1921)
Distribution: Ryukyu Isl.
38 NNS
species :
Trichosanthes montana
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(3): 218 (1998)
subspecies :
subsp. montana
Distribution: Sumatra; Borneo (Sabah); Sulawesi; Java; Moluccas
42 BOR JAW MOL SUL SUM
subspecies :
subsp. crassipes
W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Sandakania 14: 23 (2004)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah)
42 BOR
species :
Trichosanthes morrisii
W.E.Cooper; Austrobaileya 8(3): 381 (2011)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Trichosanthes mucronata
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(4): 268 (1999)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah)
42 BOR
species :
Trichosanthes multiloba
Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 82 (1865)
Distribution: Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)
38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina multiloba (Miq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
species :
Trichosanthes napoensis
D.X.Nong & Lu Q.Huang; Phytotaxa 207(3): 297 (2015)
Distribution: China (Guangxi)
36 CHI
species :
Trichosanthes nervifolia
L.; Sp. Pl. 1008 (1753)
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Sri Lanka
40 IND SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina cuspidata (Lam.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Anguina nervifolia (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Trichosanthes caudata Willd.; Sp. Pl. 4: 600 (1806)
= Trichosanthes cuspidata Lam.; Encyc. 1: 188 (1783)
species :
Trichosanthes obscura
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 17(4): 269 (1999)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak)
42 BOR
species :
Trichosanthes obtusa
Lu Q.Huang; Trichosanthes 87 (2009)
Distribution: S-India (Karnataka)
40 IND
species :
Trichosanthes odontosperma
W.E.Cooper & A.J.Ford; Austrobaileya 8(2): 126 (2010)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Trichosanthes okamotoi
Kitam.; J. Jap. Bot. 19: 40 (1943)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: pilosa agg.; often included in T. pilosa s. lat.
species :
Trichosanthes orientalis
(W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes) comb.ined.
Distribution: Sulawesi; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Lombok, Flores); Moluccas (Seram, Babar)
42 LSI MOL SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnopetalum orientale W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Blumea 51: 290 (2006)
species :
Trichosanthes ovigera
Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 934 (1826)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan); Japan (Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (South Andamans); Nicobar Isl. (Central Nicobars, Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.); Myanmar; Thailand; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Java; Australia (NE-Queensland); Vanuatu
36 CHI 38 JAP NNS 40 BAN IND 41 AND MYA NCB THA VIE 42 JAW MLY 50 AUS 60 VAN
Remarks: pilosa agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina himalensis (C.B.Clarke) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Anguina horsfieldii (Miq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Anguina ovigera (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Platygonia himalensis Naudin ex C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 2: 608 (1879)
= Trichosanthes chingiana Hand.-Mazz.; Sinensia 7: 621 (1936)
= Trichosanthes hearnii F.Muell. ex Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 3: 315 (1866)
= Trichosanthes himalensis C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 2(6): 608 (1879)
= Trichosanthes himalensis var. glabrior C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 2: 608 (1879)
= Trichosanthes himalensis var. indivisa Chakrav.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 17(1): 51 (1959)
= Trichosanthes himalensis var. sikkimensis (Kundu) Thoth.; Bull. B. Surv. Ind. 2: 169 (1960)
= Trichosanthes horsfieldii Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1: I. 677 (1856)
= Trichosanthes ovigera var. sikkimensis Kundu; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. S. 43(2): 382 (1942)
= Trichosanthes rostrata Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 5(3): 210-211 (1936)
variant :
var. boninensis
(Tuyama) H.Ohba; Fl. Japan, 2c: 197 (1999)
Distribution: Bonin Isl. (Keetaajima, Chichijima, Otohtojima, Hahajima); Volcano Isl. (Minami-Iwojima)
38 KZN OGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes boninensis Nakai; Rigakkwai 26(4): 10 5: 8 (1928), nomen, et in Bull. Biogeogr. Soc. Jap. i. 263 (1930), nomen, Tuyama in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 50: 133, descr. (1936)
species :
Trichosanthes pallida
Duyfjes & Pruesapan; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 32: 90 (2004)
Distribution: SW-Thailand
41 THA
species :
Trichosanthes papuana
F.M.Bailey; Queensl. Agric. J. 7: 349 (1900)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Trichosanthes pedata
Merr. & Chun; Sunyatsenia 2(1): 20-22, f. 3 (1934)
Distribution: China (Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Yunnan); Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
36 CHI 41 CBD LAO VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes pedata Merr. & Chun, Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. Pt. 7: 1065 (1936), descr. ampl.
= Trichosanthes pedata var. yunnanensis C.Y.Cheng & C.H.Yueh; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(4): 445, pl. 87, 4b, pl. 88, 28 (1974)
species :
Trichosanthes pedicellata
W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Reinwardtia 13(3): 223 (2012)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
species :
Trichosanthes pendula
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(3): 219 (1998)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah)
42 BOR
species :
Trichosanthes pentaphylla
F.Muell. ex Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 3: 314 (1873)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina pentaphylla (F.Muell.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
species :
Trichosanthes philippinensis
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(4): 271 (1999)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon, Panay, Mindanao)
42 PHI
species :
Trichosanthes phonsenae
Duyfjes & Pruesapan; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 32: 91 (2004)
Distribution: SW-Thailand
41 THA
species :
Trichosanthes pierrei
Gagnep.; Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 24: 380 (1918)
Distribution: S-Vietnam
41 VIE
Remarks: pilosa agg.; often included in T. pilosa s. lat.
species :
Trichosanthes pilosa
Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 588 (1790)
Distribution: Nepal; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Pahang); Sumatra; Borneo; Sulawesi; Philippines (Luzon, Mindoro); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali); Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
40 IND NEP 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI SUL SUM
Remarks: pilosa agg.; T. cucumeroides is frequently included here, together with several other local species
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina dicoelosperma (C.B.Clarke) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Anguina hearnii (F.Muell. ex Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 254 (1891)
= Anguina pilosa (Lour.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Trichosanthes cucumeroides var. dicoelosperma (C.B.Clarke) S.K.Chen; S. K. Chen Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 5(2): 118 (1985)
= Trichosanthes dicoelosperma C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 2(6): 609 (1879)
= Trichosanthes mafuluensis Merr. & L.M.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 30: 58 (1949)
= Trichosanthes reniformis Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 40: 57 (1871)
= Trichosanthes vanoverberghii Merr.; Philip. Jonrn. Sci., Bot. 9: 458 (1914 publ. 1915)
= Trichosanthes vanoverberghii var. breviloculata Lu Q.Huang; Trichosanthes 137 (-138) (2009)
variant :
var. roseipulpa
W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Reinwardtia 12(4): 271 (2008)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Trichosanthes planiglans
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(4): 273 (1999)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
Remarks: only known from type
species :
Trichosanthes postarii
W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Sandakania 14: 26 (2004)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah)
42 BOR
species :
Trichosanthes pubera
Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 15: 936 (1826)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia
42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes bracteata var. pubera (Blume) Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 377 (1881)
variant :
var. fissisepala
Duyfjes & Pruesapan; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 32: 95 (2004)
Distribution: Thailand; Cambodia
41 CBD THA
species :
Trichosanthes pulleana
Cogn. ex Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 60: 160 (1925)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes papuana Pulle; Lorentz, Nova Guinea 8: 406 (1910), non F. M. Bailey
species :
Trichosanthes quinquangulata
A.Gray; U. S. Exped. B. 1: 645 (1854)
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan); Taiwan; Andaman Isl.; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Perlis, Kedah, Langkawi Isl., Penang, Perak, Selangor, Kelantan, Pahang, Johor); Sumatra; Borneo; Philippines (Babuyan, Luzon, Masbate, Panay, Mangsi, Mindanao); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl.; Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
36 CHI 38 TAI 41 AND CBD LAO THA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina longiflora (Cogn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Anguina quinquangulata (A.Gray) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 254 (1891)
= Trichosanthes longiflora Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 374 (1881)
species :
Trichosanthes quinquefolia
C.Y.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(3): 351, f. 7, pl. 6, f. 19 (1980)
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Trichosanthes refracta
C.H.Yueh; Bull. Bot. Res. Harbin 10(4): 500 (1996)
Distribution: Borneo; Philippines (Bohol)
42 BOR PHI
species :
Trichosanthes reineckeana
Cogn.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 25: 691 (1898)
Distribution: [Western] Samoa (´Upolu, Savai´i)
60 SAM
Remarks: sometimes included in T. quinquangulata
species :
Trichosanthes reticulinervis
C.Y.Wu ex S.K.Chen; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 5(2): 114-115, f. 1 (1985)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi)
36 CHI
species :
Trichosanthes rosthornii
Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29(5): 603-604 (1901)
Distribution: China (Guizhou, E-Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes crenulata C.Y.Cheng & C.H.Yueh; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(3): 343-344, pl. 6, f. 9, 20, 23 (1980)
= Trichosanthes guizhouensis C.Y.Cheng & C.H.Yueh; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(3): 344-345, f. 3, pl. 6, f. 10 (1980)
= Trichosanthes uniflora K.S.Hao; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 68: 640 (1938)
variant :
var. huangshanensis
S.K.Chen; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 5(2): 116-117 (1985)
Distribution: China (S-Anhui, NE-Jiangxi)
36 CHI
variant :
var. multicirrata
(C.Y.Cheng & C.H.Yueh) S.K.Chen; C. H. Yueh) S. K. Chen Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 73(1): 244 (1986)
Distribution: China (N-Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes damiaoshanensis C.Y.Cheng & C.H.Yueh; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(3): 346, pl. 5, f. 3, pl. 6, f. 12, 24 (1980)
= Trichosanthes multicirrata C.Y.Cheng & C.H.Yueh; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(4): 430, pl. 83, f. 4, pl. 88, f. 14 (1974)
variant :
var. scabrella
(C.H.Yueh & D.F.Gao) S.K.Chen; Gao) S. K. Chen Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 73(1): 244 (1986)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes scabrella C.H.Yueh & D.F.Gao; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(3): 345, f. 4, pl. 6, 11 (1980)
variant :
var. stylopodifera
(C.Y.Cheng & C.H.Yueh) C.H.Yueh & Lu Q.Huang; Trichosanthes 39 (2009)
Distribution: China
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes stylopodifera C.Y.Cheng & C.H.Yueh; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(3): 341, pl. 6, f. 7, 22 (1980)
species :
Trichosanthes rotundifolia
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(3): 223 (1998)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
species :
Trichosanthes rubriflos
Thorel ex Cayla; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 14(3): 170-172 (1908)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou); Tibet; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura); Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
36 CHI TIB 40 IND 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes burmensis Kundu; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 43: 381 (1942)
= Trichosanthes pubera subsp. rubriflos (Thorel ex Cayla) Duyfjes & Pruesapan; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 32: 94 (2004)
= Trichosanthes rubriflos f. macrosperma C.Y.Cheng & Yueh; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 443 (1974)
species :
Trichosanthes rugatisemina
C.Y.Cheng & C.H.Yueh; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(4): 440-441, f. 7, pl. 88, f. 21 (1974)
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Trichosanthes samarensis
C.H.Yueh & Lu Q.Huang; Trichosanthes 110 (2009)
Distribution: Philippines (Samar)
42 PHI
species :
Trichosanthes sarawakensis
C.H.Yueh & Lu Q.Huang; Trichosanthes 46 (2009)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak)
42 BOR
species :
Trichosanthes scabra
Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 2: 589 (1790)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Yunnan); India (Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Myanmar (Ayeyarwady); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Kelantan, Perak, Penang, Kelantan); Sulawesi; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali)
36 CHI 40 IND SRL 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 JAW LSI MLY PHI SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina integrifolia (Roxb.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Cucumis integrifolius Roxb.; Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 3: 724 (1832)
= Gymnopetalum integrifolium (Roxb.) Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 40: 58 (1871)
= Gymnopetalum integrifolium var. pectinatum W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Blumea 51(2): 287 (2006)
= Gymnopetalum integrifolium var. penicaudii (Gagnep.) W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Blumea 51(2): 290 (2006)
= Gymnopetalum leucostictum Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(1): 680 (1855)
= Gymnopetalum leucostictum var. grandiflorum Hochr.; Candollea 5: 289 (1934)
= Gymnopetalum monoicum Gagnep.; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 24(5): 373-374 (1918)
= Gymnopetalum monoicum var. incisum Gagnep.; Lecomte (ed.), Fl. Indo-Chine 2: 1049 (1921)
= Gymnopetalum pectinatum (W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes) Rugayah; Reinwardtia 14: 323 (2015)
= Gymnopetalum penicaudii Gagnep.; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 24(5): 374-375 (1918)
= Gymnopetalum scabrum (Lour.) W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Reinwardtia 12: 268 (2008)
= Gymnopetalum scabrum var. pectinatum W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Blumea 51: 287 (2006)
= Gymnopetalum scabrum var. penicaudii (Gagnep.) W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Reinwardtia 12(4): 268 (2008)
= Gymnopetalum weberi (Naudin) Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 384 (1881)
= Scotanthus weberi Naudin; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. V. 5: 26 (1866)
= Trichosanthes integrifolia (Roxb.) Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 46: 99 (1877)
= Trichosanthes lucioniana Náves ex Fern.-Vill.; Blanco, Fl. Philipp. ed. III. Nov. App. 95
= Trichosanthes scabra var. pectinata (W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes) H.J.de Boer; PhytoKeys 12: 30 (2012)
= Trichosanthes scabra var. penicaudii (Gagnep.) H.J.de Boer; PhytoKeys 12: 30 (2012)
species :
Trichosanthes schlechteri
Cogn. ex Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 60: 159 (1925)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Trichosanthes sepilokensis
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(4): 275 (1999)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah)
42 BOR
species :
Trichosanthes sericeifolia
C.Y.Cheng & C.H.Yueh; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(3): 346-347, pl. 5, f. 6 (1980)
Distribution: China (W-Guangxi, SW-Guizhou, SE-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Trichosanthes siamensis
Duyfjes & Pruesapan; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 32: 97 (2004)
Distribution: SW-Thailand
41 THA
Conservation Status: Known only from type
species :
Trichosanthes smilacifolia
C.Y.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(3): 347, f. 5B, pl. 6, f. 13 (1980)
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
species :
Trichosanthes subvelutina
F.Muell. ex Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 366 (1881)
Distribution: Australia (SE-Queensland, NE-New South Wales)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina subvelutina (F.Muell.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Trichosanthes palmata Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 3: 315 (1873) non Roxb.
species :
Trichosanthes sunhangii
D.G.Zhang, Zhi M.Li, Qun Liu & T.Deng; Phytotaxa 479(3): 290 (2021)
Distribution: China (Hubei)
36 CHI
species :
Trichosanthes taiwanensis
S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 6: 434 (2023)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Trichosanthes tetragonosperma
C.Y.Cheng & C.H.Yueh; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(4): 425, pl. 88, f. 7 (1974)
Distribution: China (SE-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Trichosanthes thailandensis
Lu Q.Huang; Trichosanthes 98 (2009)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Trichosanthes trichocarpa
C.Y.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(3): 340, pl. 5, f. 1, pl. 6, f. 6 (1980)
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: pilosa agg.; often included in T. pilosa s. lat.
species :
Trichosanthes tricuspidata
Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 2: 589 (1790)
subspecies :
subsp. tricuspidata
Distribution: China (Guizhou); Nepal; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (North Andamans, Middle Andamans, South Andamans, Little Andaman Isl.); Nicobar Isl. (North Nicobars, Central Nicobars); Myanmar (widespread); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; Philippines (Luzon)
36 CHI 40 BAN IND NEP SRL 41 AND CBD LAO MYA NCB THA VIE 42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina angulata (Lam.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 254 (1891)
= Anguina tricuspidata (Lour.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Cucurbita melopepo Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 6725 (1831)
= Involucraria cucumerina M.Roem.; Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 2 (Syn. Pepon.) 98 (1846)
= Involucraria modecca M.Roem.; Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 2 (Syn. Pepon.) 98 (1846)
= Involucraria palmata M.Roem.; Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 2 (Syn. Pepon.) 98 (1846)
= Involucraria wightiana M.Roem.; Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 2 (Syn. Pepon.) 98 (1846)
= Trichosanthes angulata Lam.; Encycl. 1: 190 (1783)
= Trichosanthes aspera Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 6686 E (1832), nomen
= Trichosanthes asperifolia Zipp. ex Span.; Linnaea 15: 206 (1841), nomen
= Trichosanthes burmensis var. alba Kundu; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 43: 382 (1942)
= Trichosanthes kakidonta Roxb. ex Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 1: 350 (1834)
= Trichosanthes laciniosa Wight ex Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 6689 A, B (1832), nomen
= Trichosanthes turolata Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 6688 A (1831), nomen
variant :
var. flavofila
W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Reinwardtia 12(4): 270 (2008)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
variant :
var. longirachis
Chatan & Promprom; Pharmacogn. J. 10(1): 30 (2017)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
subspecies :
subsp. javanica
Duyfjes & Pruesapan; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 32: 99 (2004)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Penang, Perak, Selangor, Kelantan, Pahang, Johor); Sumatra; Borneo; Sulawesi; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali); Moluccas; Moluccas (Sulu Arch.)
42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL SUL SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes tricuspis Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(1): 679 (1856)
subspecies :
subsp. rotundata
W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Reinwardtia 12(5): 413 (2009)
Distribution: Thailand; W-Laos
41 LAO THA
species :
Trichosanthes truncata
C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 2(6): 608 (1879)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, S-Yunnan); Bhutan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar; Thailand; Vietnam
36 CHI 40 BAN BHU IND 41 MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina ovata (Cogn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Anguina truncata (C.B.Clarke) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Trichosanthes crispisepala C.Y.Wu ex S.K.Chen; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 5(2): 115-116, f. 2 (1985)
= Trichosanthes ovata Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 365 (1881)
species :
Trichosanthes tubiflora
(Wight & Arn.) H.J.de Boer; PhytoKeys 12: 31 (2012)
Distribution: S-India (Kerala); Sri Lanka
40 IND SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Bryonia tubiflora (Cogn.) Wight & Arn.; Prod. 347 (1834)
= Gymnopetalum ceylanicum Arn.; Madras J. Lit. Sci. 12: 52 (1840), nom. illeg.
= Gymnopetalum tubiflorum (Wight & Arn.) Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 388 (1881)
= Gymnopetalum wightii Arn.; Madras J. Lit. Sci. 12: 52 (1840)
= Gymnopetalum zeylanicum Walp.; Rep. 2: 198 (1843)
species :
Trichosanthes unicirrata
C.H.Yueh & Lu Q.Huang; Trichosanthes 104 (2009)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah)
42 BOR
species :
Trichosanthes valida
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(4): 277 (1999)
Distribution: Sulawesi; Philippines (Luzon, Cebu); Lesser Sunda Isl.; Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 LSI MOL NWG PHI SUL
species :
Trichosanthes villosa
Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 15: 934 (1826)
subspecies :
subsp. villosa
Distribution: China (S-Guangxi, S-Yunnan); Thailand; Laos; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Borneo; Philippines (Luzon, Mindanao); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali)
36 CHI 41 LAO THA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina villosa (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
subspecies :
subsp. mindorensis
Rugayah; Reinwardtia 11(4): 278 (1999)
Distribution: Palawan; Philippines (Luzon, Mindoro, Cebu, Leyte, Bohol)
42 PHI PLW
species :
Trichosanthes wallichiana
(Ser.) Wight; Madras J. Lit. Sci. 12: 52 (1840)
subspecies :
subsp. wallichiana
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tripura, West Bengal); Myanmar (Kachin); peninsular Malaysia; Singapore
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA 42 MLY SNG
Conservation Status: vulnerable (Singapore)
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina wallichiana (Ser.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Involucraria wallichiana Ser.; Mém. S. Phys. Hist. Nat. Genève 3: t. 5 (1825)
= Trichosanthes grandibracteata Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 46: 98, 99 (1877)
= Trichosanthes multiloba C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 2: 607 (1879) (et auct. non Miq.)
= Trichosanthes palmata var. scotantus C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 2(6): 607 (1879)
subspecies :
subsp. subrosea
(C.Y.Cheng & C.H.Yueh) K.Pradheep & K.J.John; Blumea 65(3): 239 (2020)
Distribution: China (S-Guangxi, SW-Yunnan); Myanmar
36 CHI 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosanthes subrosea C.Y.Cheng & C.H.Yueh; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(3): 349, pl. 5, f. 7, pl. 6, f. 15 (1980)
species :
Trichosanthes wawrae
Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 384 (1881)
Distribution: SE- & peninsular Thailand; peninsular Malaysia (Penang, Perak, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Terengganu, Pahang, Johor); Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo (Sarawak); Java
41 THA 42 BOR JAW MLY SNG SUM
Conservation Status: vulnerable (Singapore)
Synonyms: hidden
= Anguina wawrae (Cogn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 254 (1891)
= Trichosanthes azurea C.K.Lim & Theseira; Folia Malaysiana 8(1): 35 (2007)
= Trichosanthes azurea var. merahputih C.K.Lim & Theseira; Folia Malaysiana 10(1): 42 (41 - 43) (2009)
