182.0000 Family Ranunculaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 231 (1789), nom. cons.

52 genera, ca. 3700 spp.

Species listed in database: 3809; hybrids: 90

182.5418 Genus Ranunculus L.; Sp. Pl. 548 (1753)

Distribution: Cosmopolitan, chiefly cold or temperate regions and montane areas of the tropics [1627 species and 47 hybrids in list]. The Ranunculus auricomus aggregate alone contains > 1000 microspecies.

Species listed in database: 1721; hybrids: 19

species :

Ranunculus abbaianus Dunkel; Webbia 65(2): 207 (2010)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus abchasicus Freyn ex Sommier & Levier; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. (1893) 525, et in Oesterr. Bot. Z. 43: 373 (1893)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia)

33 GEO NCS

species :

Ranunculus abditus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 129 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. abditus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus aberdaricus Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 10: 904 (1930)

Distribution: Kenya

25 KEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus keniensis Milne-Redh. & Turrill; Kew Bull. 389 (1950) (1951)

species :

Ranunculus abnormis Cutanda & Willk.; Linnaea 30: 83 (1860)

Distribution: Portugal; Spain

12 POR SPA

species :

Ranunculus abortificus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 129 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. abortificus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 10 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus abortivus L.; Sp. Pl. 551 (1753)

Name: Littleleaf buttercup

Distribution: Germany [I]; Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming); Cuba [I]

11 ger 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA 81 cub

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus abortivus f. coptidifolius Fernald; Rhodora 44: 408 (1942)

= Ranunculus abortivus f. giganteus F.C.Gates; Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 33: 28 (1930)

= Ranunculus abortivus f. pratensis G.Lawson; Proc. & Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 2(4): 38 (1869)

= Ranunculus abortivus f. sylvaticus G.Lawson; Proc. & Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 2(4): 38 (1869)

= Ranunculus abortivus subsp. acrolasius (Fernald) B.M.Kapoor & Á.Löve; Caryologia 23(4): 577 (1970) (1971)

= Ranunculus abortivus var. acrolasius Fernald; Rhodora 40: 418, t. 519 (1938)

= Ranunculus abortivus var. eucyclus Fernald; Rhodora 1: 52 (1899)

= Ranunculus abortivus var. indivisus Fernald; Rhodora 40: 418, tab. 518 (1938)

= Ranunculus abortivus var. nitidus (Walter) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 34 (1824)

= Ranunculus abortivus var. typicus Fernald; Rhodora 40: 417 (1938)

= Ranunculus holmii Greene; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 334 (1914)

= Ranunculus michiganensis Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 17: 169 (1915 publ. 1916)

= Ranunculus nitidus Walter; Fl. Carol. [Walter] 159 (1788)

= Ranunculus ruderalis Greene; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 334 (1914)

species :

Ranunculus abstrusus O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 136(1949)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Sachsen, Thüringen, ?Hessen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus acarpellophorus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 129 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. acarpellophorus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 10 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus acaulis Banks & Sol.; DC. Syst. 1: 270 (1817)

Distribution: Australia (Tasmania); New Zealand (incl. Stewart Isl.); Chatham Isl.; Auckland Isl.; Argentina (Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes); Falkland Isl.

50 AUS 51 AUC CTM NZL 85 ARG CLE 91 FAL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus biternatus Vallentin & Cotton; non Sm.

= Ranunculus litoralis Phil.; Linnaea 28: 664 (1858)

= Ranunculus petriei Allan; Fl. N. Zeal. 1: 156, 975 (1961)

= Ranunculus skottsbergii Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 59: 704 (1912) (1913)

= Ranunculus stenopetalus Hook.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 7: t. 677 (1844)

= Ranunculus uniflorus Colenso; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 31: 267 (1898 publ. 1899)

species :

Ranunculus accedens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 129 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. accedens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus acetosellifolius Boiss.; Bibl. Univ. Geneve, n. s. 13: 406 (1838)

Distribution: Spain (Sa. Nevada)

12 SPA

species :

Ranunculus acidotus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 129 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. acidotus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus acinaciformis (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 129 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. acinaciformis Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus aconitifolius L.; Sp. Pl. 551 (1753)

Name: Eisenhutblättriger Hahnenfuß (D); Aconite-leaved Buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [I], Nordrhein-Westfalen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Czech Republic; Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Montenegro; Ukraine

11 AUT CZE GER LIE SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 CRO ITA MNT SLV 14 UKR

Synonyms: hidden

= Hecatonia aconitifolia (L.) Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 13 (1866)

= Ranula aconitifolia (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 324 (1868)

= Ranunculus aconitifolius f. angustisectus Vacc. & Melly; Melly, 52 (1906)

= Ranunculus aconitifolius f. fuggeri Glaab; 96 (1895)

= Ranunculus aconitifolius f. latisectus Vacc. & Melly; Melly, 52 (1906)

= Ranunculus aconitifolius f. minor Zapal.; 212 (1909)

= Ranunculus aconitifolius f. pygmaeus Vollm.; 274 (1914)

= Ranunculus aconitifolius subsp. euaconitifolius Issler; 58 (1909), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus aconitifolius var. ambiguus Gaudin; 531 (1828)

= Ranunculus aconitifolius var. nanus Gaudin; 532 (1828)

= Ranunculus aconitifolius var. parviflorus Gaudin; 531 (1828)

= Ranunculus aconitifolius var. verus F.W.Schultz; 16 (1845), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus argenteus E.H.L.Krause; J. Sturm, Deutschl. Fl. Abbild., ed. 2, 5: 30 (1901)

= Ranunculus caballeroi Losa & P.Monts.; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 10(2): 504 (1952)

= Ranunculus dealbatus Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrenées 315 (1813)

= Ranunculus flexicaulis Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France 1: 74 (1893)

= Ranunculus heterophyllus Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrenées 316 (1813) non Wiggers

= Ranunculus lobatus Clairv.; Man. Herbor. Suisse: 177 (1811), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus multiflorus Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrenées 218 (1867)

= Ranunculus nyssanus Leichtlin; Garden (London, 1871-1927) 55: 418 (1899)

= Ranunculus pacheri Dalla Torre; A. Hartinger & K. W. von Dalla Torre, Atlas Alpenfl.: 53 (1882)

species :

Ranunculus acraeus Heenan & P.J.Lockh.; New Zealand J. Bot. 44(4): 438 (2006)

Distribution: S-New Zealand

51 NZL

species :

Ranunculus acrifoliiformis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 129 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. acrifoliiformis Julin

species :

Ranunculus acrifolius (Nannf. & H.Sm.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 29(2): 129 (1992), et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 78 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. acrifolius Nannf. & H.Sm.

species :

Ranunculus acriformis A.Gray; Proc. Am. Acad. 21: 374 (1886)

Name: Sharpleaf buttercup

Distribution: USA (Colorado, Wyoming)

73 USA

variant :

var. montanensis (Rydb.) L.D.Benson; Contr. Fl. Idaho Leafl. 22: 16 (1948)

Name: Mountain sharp buttercup

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Montana, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus montanensis Rydb.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 166 (1900)

= Ranunculus occidentalis var. montanensis (Rydb.) L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 68: 166 (1941)

species :

Ranunculus acris L.; Sp. Pl. 554 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. acris

Name: Scharfer Hahnenfuß (DE), Showy buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Iceland; Svalbard [I]; Faeroe Isl.; England (England, Wales, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl., Isle of Man); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Channel Isl. (Alderney, Guernsey, Jersey); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; N-Greece (mountains); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Madeira [I] (Madeira Isl. [I]); Siberia (Altai, Chita, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Australia [I] (Tasmania [I], Victoria [I]); New Zealand [I]; Alaska [I]; Greenland [I]; Canada (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Labrador [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], Northern Territories [I], Nunavut [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Québec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); St. Pierre et Miquelon [I]; USA [I] (Alabama [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Georgia [I], Iowa [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], Mississippi [I], Montana [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], Nevada [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I], West Virginia [I], Wyoming [I]); Peru [I]; Tristan da Cunha [I]; South Georgia Isl. [I]

10 DEN FIN FOR GRB ICE IRE NOR sva SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 CIS COR FRA SAR 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 21 mdr 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ 33 ARM GEO NCS 50 aus 51 nzl 70 ask CDN gnl 71 CDN 72 CDN spm 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 83 per 91 sge tdc

Remarks: acris agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculastrum acre (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 324 (1868)

= Ranunculastrum boreanum (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 324 (1868)

= Ranunculastrum nemorivagum (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 324 (1868)

= Ranunculastrum vulgatum (Jord. ex Boreau) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 324 (1868)

= Ranunculus acris f. cuneatus Zapal.; 224 (1909)

= Ranunculus acris f. fissus Zapal.; 224 (1909)

= Ranunculus acris f. gynodioecus Suess.; 82 (1943), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus acris f. multiplicipetalus B.Boivin; Canad. Field-Naturalist 65: 3 (1951)

= Ranunculus acris f. pilosissimus Zapal.; 226 (1909)

= Ranunculus acris subsp. boraeanus (Jord.) Syme; Sowerby, Engl. Bot. ed. 3(B) 1: 39 (1863)

= Ranunculus acris subsp. pumilus (Wahlenb.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 34(1): 164 (1985)

= Ranunculus acris subsp. stevenii (Andrz.) Ahlfv.; Neuman, 501 (1901)

= Ranunculus acris var. calvus Vollm.; 277 (1914)

= Ranunculus acris var. filiformis P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 671 (2018)

= Ranunculus acris var. hortensis H.Mart.; 97 (1817)

= Ranunculus acris var. janoviensis Zapal.; 225 (1909)

= Ranunculus acris var. latisectus Beck

= Ranunculus acris var. minimus Vigo; Acta Bot. Barcin. 35: 208 (1983)

= Ranunculus acris var. multifidus Bogenh.; 141 (1850), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus acris var. multifidus DC.; Syst. Nat. 1: 278 (1817)

= Ranunculus acris var. oligostamineus Bogenh.; 141 (1850)

= Ranunculus acris var. pocuticus Zapal.; 225 (1909)

= Ranunculus acris var. pratensis Rchb.; 724 (1832), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus acris var. pseudolanuginosus Bolle; 17 (1865)

= Ranunculus acris var. pumilus Wahlenb.; Fl. Suec. 1: 351 (1824)

= Ranunculus acris var. pyrenaeus S.M.Coles; Watsonia 8: 241 (1971)

= Ranunculus acris var. rectus (Boreau) Syme; 38 (1863)

= Ranunculus acris var. serotinus Wimm. & Grab.; 132 (1829)

= Ranunculus acris var. sylvaticus (Thuill.) DC.; Syst. Nat. 1: 278 (1817)

= Ranunculus acris var. vulgatus (Jord.) Syme; 38 (1863)

= Ranunculus asiaticus Thunb.; Fl. Jap. (Thunb.) 241 (1784), non L.

= Ranunculus barthii Schur; Verh. Naturf. Ver. Bruenn 15(2): 41 (1877)

= Ranunculus boraeanus Jord.; Obs. Pl. Crit. 6: 19 (1847)

= Ranunculus borealis subsp. pumilus (Wahlenb.) Timokhina; Fl. Sibir. 6: 176 (1993)

= Ranunculus borealis var. pumilus (Wahlenb.) Tolm.; Arktich. Fl. SSSR 6: 219 (1971)

= Ranunculus buergeri Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 5 (1867)

= Ranunculus cammarifolius Arv.-Touv.; Essai Pl. Dauphiné: 21 (1871)

= Ranunculus colocensis Menyh.; Kal. Vid. Növén.: 26 (1877)

= Ranunculus csatoi Schur; Verh. Naturf. Ver. Bruenn 15(2): 46 (1877)

= Ranunculus eustrigulosus Schur; Verh. Naturf, Ver. Bruenn 15(2): 44 (1877)

= Ranunculus franchetianus Bor.; Mem. Soc. Acad. Maine-et-Loire 22: 8 (1868)

= Ranunculus icelandicus K.C.Davis; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 2: 472 (1900)

= Ranunculus intercedens Domin; Preslia 13-15: 83 (1935)

= Ranunculus kayserii Schur; Verh. Naturf. Ver. Bruenn 15(2): 43 (1877)

= Ranunculus kerneri Freyn; A. J. R. Kerner, Sched. Fl. Exs. Austro-Hung. 5: 47 (1888)

= Ranunculus lanuginosus Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 1: 42 (1841) non L.

= Ranunculus macrophyllus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 17 (1866)

= Ranunculus major Dumort.; Fl. Belg. [Dumortier] 128 (1827)

= Ranunculus malacophyllus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 16 (1866)

= Ranunculus mccallae K.C.Davis; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 2: 482 (1900)

= Ranunculus napellifolius Crantz; Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 2: 90 (1763)

= Ranunculus nemorivagus Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 442 (1861)

= Ranunculus paradoxus Weihe; Linnaea 10: 1835 (1836) 418. t. 2

= Ranunculus pascuicola Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon sér. 2, 7: 441 (1861)

= Ranunculus platyphyllus (Schur) Simonk.; Enum. Fl. Transsilv.: 51 (1887)

= Ranunculus rectus Boreau; Fl. Centre France, ed. 3 (Boreau) 2: 15 (1857)

= Ranunculus siculus C.Presl; J. S. Presl & C. B. Presl, Delic. Prag.: 8 (1822)

= Ranunculus silvaticus Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné: 51 (1779)

= Ranunculus squarrosus Laest. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 12 (1878)

= Ranunculus stevenii f. arenarius Zapal.; 227 (1909)

= Ranunculus stevenii f. humilior Zapal.; 227 (1909)

= Ranunculus stevenii f. robustus Zapal.; 226 (1909)

= Ranunculus stevenii var. blockianus Zapal.; 227 (1909)

= Ranunculus stevenii var. vulgatus (Jord.) Zapal.; 227 (1909)

= Ranunculus stipatus Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 440 (1861)

= Ranunculus strigulosus var. platyphyllus Schur; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 15(2): 44 (1877)

= Ranunculus subalpinus Schur; Verh. Naturf Ver. Bruenn 15(2): (1877) 40, in textu

= Ranunculus subtilis Schur; Verh. Naturf. Ver. Bruenn 15(2): 41 (1877)

= Ranunculus subtuberosus Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 262 (1782)

= Ranunculus ternatus DC.; Syst. Nat. 1: 242 (1817)

= Ranunculus tomophyllus Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 439 (1861)

= Ranunculus trachyticus Schur; Verh. Naturf Ver. Bruenn 15(2): 41 (1877)

= Ranunculus transsilvanicus Schur; Verh. Naturf Ver. Bruenn 15(2): 46 (1877)

= Ranunculus vulgatus Jord. ex Boreau; Fl. Centre France, éd. 3 2: 15 (1857)

subspecies :

subsp. friesianus (Jord.) Syme; Sowerby, Engl. Bot. ed. 3[B] 1: 39 (1863)

Name: Fries-Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Sweden [I]; ?Belgium [I]; Germany (Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg, Bayern [I], Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [I], Niedersachsen [I], Nordrhein-Westfalen [I], Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen [I], Sachsen-Anhalt [I]); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria [I]; Czech Republic [I]; Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; ?European Russia

10 swe 11 aut cze GER LIE SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 CRO ITA SLV

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus acris subsp. despectus M.Laínz; Bot. Soc. Brot. ser. 2, 53: 36 (1979)

= Ranunculus acris subsp. friesii (Gren. & Godr.) Ahlfv.; Neuman, 501 (1901)

= Ranunculus acris subsp. scandinavicus (N.I.Orlova) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128: 512 (1975 publ. 1976)

= Ranunculus acris subsp. sylvaticus (Thuill.) Nyman; 12 (1878)

= Ranunculus acris var. sylvaticus (Thuill.) Klett & Richt.; 479 (1830)

= Ranunculus friesianus Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 6: 17 (1847)

= Ranunculus lanuginosus var. sylvaticus (Thuill.) DC.; 499 (1805)

= Ranunculus scandinavicus N.I.Orlova; Fl. Murmansk. Obl. 3: 288 (1956)

= Ranunculus stevenii subsp. friesianus (Jord.) Braun-Blanq.; 133 (1933)

= Ranunculus stevenii var. friesianus (Jord.) Zapal.; 227 (1909)

= Ranunculus sylvaticus Thuill.; Fl. Env. Paris, ed. 2. 276 (1799)

subspecies :

subsp. hultenii Vorosch.; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 99(6): 117 (1994)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Kuril Isl.)

31 RFE

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus hultenii (Vorosch.) Luferov; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 107(2): 33 (2002)

species :

Ranunculus acrophilus B.G.Briggs; Telopea 5(4): 585 (1994), nom. nov.

Distribution: Australia (S-New South Wales: Mt Twynam to Mt Kosciuszko)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus muelleri var. brevicaulis B.G.Briggs; Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 84: 316, 317, fig. 63 (1960)

species :

Ranunculus acuistylus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 129 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. acuistylus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 12 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus acutidens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 129 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. acutidens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus acutidentiformis (Rasch) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 129 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. acutidentiformis Rasch

species :

Ranunculus acutimammus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 129 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. acutimammus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 13 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus acutipartitus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 129 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. acutipartitus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 14 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus acutiserratus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 129 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. acutiserratus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 14 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus acutissimus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 671 (2018)

Name: Ewhurst Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Surrey)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus acutiusculus (Markl.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 8: 78 (1992), et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 129 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. acutiusculus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus acutulans (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 129 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. acutulans Markl.

species :

Ranunculus adoneus A.Gray; Proc. Acad. Sci. Philad. 1863 56 (1864)

Name: Alpine buttercup

Distribution: USA (Colorado, Utah, Wyoming)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus amoenus A.Gray; Amer. J. Sci., ser. 2, 33: 241 (1862)

= Ranunculus eschscholtzii var. adoneus (A.Gray) C.L.Hitchc.; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. 2: 383 (1964)

= Ranunculus stenolobus Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 29: 159 (1902)

variant :

var. alpinus (S.Watson) L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 68: 655 (1941)

Distribution: USA (Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus eschscholtzii var. alpinus (S.Watson) C.L.Hitchc.; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. (C. L. Hitchcock & al.) 2: 383 (1964)

= Ranunculus orthorhynchus var. alpinus S.Watson; Botany (Fortieth Parallel) 9 (1871)

variant :

var. caespitosus (F.J.F.Fisher, J.A.Rowley & C.J.Marchant) N.H.Holmgren & P.K.Holmgren; Brittonia 62(3): 265 (2010)

Distribution: USA (C-Rocky Mts.)

74 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus suksdorfii subsp. caespitosus F.J.F.Fisher, J.A.Rowley & Marchant; Compte R. Seances Soc. Biogeogr., 50(434-439): 38 (1973) (1974)

species :

Ranunculus adoxifolius Hand.-Mazz.; Acta H. Gotob. 13: 152 (1939)

Distribution: SE-Tibet; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Pakistani Punjab); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim)

36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus caespitosus Wall.; (Numer. List [Wallich] 167, no. 4701 (1831), nomen) ex Hook.f. & Thomson, Fl. Ind. 1: 33 (1855)

= Ranunculus hirtellus var. minor Santapau & Banerji; Proc. Inst. Sci. Ind. 24B: 137 (1958)

species :

Ranunculus adunans (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 129 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. adunans Markl.

species :

Ranunculus aduncus Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France 1: 32 (1847)

Name: Hakiger Hahnenfuß

Distribution: Spain; Andorra; SE-France; NW-Italy

12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ITA

Remarks: breyninus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus montanus subsp. aduncus (Gren. & Godr.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Butll. Inst. Catalana Hist Nat. 38: 65 (1974)

= Ranunculus ascendens Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 2: 432 (1841)

= Ranunculus palustris Lange ex Freyn; Willk. & Lange, Prod. Fl. Hisp. 3: 930 (1880)

species :

Ranunculus aemulans O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 129 (1949)

Name: Nachahmender Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Thüringen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus aequalis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 129 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. aequalis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 15 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus aequidens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 130 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. aequidens Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 16 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus aequilaterus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 675 (2018)

Name: Bourn Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Cambridgeshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus aestivalis (L.D.Benson) Van Buren & K.T.Harper; Amer. J. Bot. 81(4): 518 (1994)

Name: Fall buttercup

Distribution: USA (Utah)

76 USA

Conservation Status: Of conservation concern

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus acriformis var. aestivalis L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 43 (1948)

= Ranunculus acriformis subsp. aestivalis (L.D.Benson) S.L.Welsh; Great Basin Nat. 46(2): 260 (1986)

species :

Ranunculus afghanicus Aitch. & Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 19: 148 (1882)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts.); Afghanistan (Badghys, Bamyan, Faryab, Ghazni, Ghorat, Kabul, Logar, Wardak, Orozgan / Daykundi, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Takhar); Pakistan (Kurram)

32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN 40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus divergens Aitch.; (1881) (non Jord.

= Ranunculus olgae Regel; Izv. Imp. Obshch. Lyubit. Estestv. Moskovsk. Univ. 34(2): 1 (1882)

= Ranunculus chaffanjonii Danguy ex Finet & Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 322 (1904)

species :

Ranunculus afzelii (Rasch) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 130 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. afzelii Rasch

species :

Ranunculus agynophorus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 130 (1992)

Distribution: Norway

10 NOR

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. agynophorus Julin

species :

Ranunculus akkemensis Polozhij & Revyakina; Sist. Geogr. Rast. Sibiri: 6 (1978)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Tuva)

30 SIB

species :

Ranunculus alaiensis Ostenf.; Vidensk. Medd. Kjobenh. (1901), 309 (1902)

Distribution: Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Baghlan, Parwan, Takhar); Pakistan (Chitral)

32 KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG 40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus flexicaulis Komar.; (1896) (non Rouy & Foucaud 1893

= Oxygraphis subintegra Riedl; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 65: 31 (1962))

species :

Ranunculus alberti Regel & Schmalh.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 5(1): 223 (1877)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (W-Xinjiang, C-Xinjiang)

32 KAZ KGZ TZK 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus sulphureus var. alberti (Regel & Schmalh.) Maxim.; Enum. Pl. Mongol. 19 (1889)

species :

Ranunculus albertsonii (Julin) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn., 8 78 (1992) 29(2): 130 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. albertsonii Julin

species :

Ranunculus alcicornis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 130 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. alcicornis Julin

species :

Ranunculus alejandrei Dunkel; Stapfia 112: 27 (2021)

Distribution: Spain (La Rioja)

12 SPA

Remarks: auricomus agg., carlittensis group

species :

Ranunculus alismifolius Geyer ex Benth.; Pl. Hartw. [Bentham] 295 (1849) (alismifolius)

Name: Plantainleaf buttercup

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington State, Wyoming); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus alismifolius var. calthiflorus K.C.Davis; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 2: 495 (1900)

= Ranunculus alismifolius var. hartwegii (Greene) Jeps.; Fl. Calif. (Jeps.) 1: 534 (1921)

= Ranunculus alismifolius var. lemmonii (A.Gray) L.D.Benson; Amer. J. Bot. 23: 172 (1936)

= Ranunculus arnoglossus Greene; Pittonia 4: 143 (1900)

= Ranunculus bolanderi Greene; Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 2: 58 (1886)

= Ranunculus flammula var. alismifolius (Geyer ex Benth.) Clem. & E.G.Clem.; Rocky Mt. Flowers: 6 (1914)

= Ranunculus hartwegii Greene; Erythea 3: 45 (1895)

= Ranunculus lemmonii A.Gray; Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 68 (1874)

= Ranunculus unguiculatus Greene; Pittonia 4: 142 (1900)

variant :

var. alismellus A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 327 (1868)

Distribution: USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington State); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

73 USA 76 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus alismellus (A.Gray) Greene; Fl. Francisc. 297 (1892)

= Ranunculus alismellus var. populago K.C.Davis; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 2: 496 (1900)

variant :

var. davisii L.D.Benson; Contr. Fl. Idaho Leafl. 22: 18 (1948)

Name: Davis´ buttercup

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Wyoming)

73 USA 76 USA

variant :

var. montanus S.Watson; Botany [Fortieth Parallel] 7 (1871)

Name: Waterplantain buttercup

Distribution: USA (Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming)

73 USA 76 USA

species :

Ranunculus allegheniensis Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22: 224 (1895)

Name: Allegheny Mountain buttercup

Distribution: USA (Connecticut, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, West Virginia)

75 USA 78 USA

species :

Ranunculus allemannii Braun-Blanq.; Sched. Fl. Raetic. Exsicc.: 280 (1927), et ex W. Koch in Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 42: 747 (1933), descr.

Distribution: Switzerland (Rhaetian Alps); SW-Austria (Reschenpass); Italy (Ortler-Livigno, Adamello, Val di Sole, Val di Meledro); Slovenia

11 AUT SWI 13 ITA SLV

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

species :

Ranunculus allenii B.L.Rob.; Rhodora 7: 220 (1905)

Name: Allen´s buttercup

Distribution: Canada (Labrador, Nunavut, Québec)

70 CDN 72 CDN

species :

Ranunculus allobrogorum Dunkel; Forum Geobotanicum 10: 2 (2021)

Distribution: Switzerland (Genf)

11 SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus almquistii (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 130 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. almquistii Julin; Bot. Not. 131(3): 317 (1978)

species :

Ranunculus alnetorum W.Koch; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 49: 547 (1939)

Name: Erlenwald-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern); Switzerland; ?Spain; France (Alsace)

11 GER SWI 12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. alnetorum (W.Koch) R.Engel; Bull. Assoc. Philom. Alsace Lorraine 13: 84 (1968)

species :

Ranunculus alpestris L.; Sp. Pl. 553 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. alpestris

Name: Alpen-Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; N-Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Romania

11 AUT GER LIE POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 CRO ITA ROM SLV

Remarks: alpestris agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Hecatonia alpestris (L.) Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 13 (1866)

= Leuconoe alpestris (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 323 (1868)

= Leuconoe magellensis Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 323 (1868)

= Ranunculus alpestris var. ambiguus Brügger; Jahresber Naturf. Ges. Graubündens [Fl. Curiensis] 17: 86 (1874), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus alpestris var. hausmannii Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; 276 (1909)

= Ranunculus alpestris var. latisectus Jess.; 430 (1879)

= Ranunculus alpestris var. stenanthus Murr; 117 (1923)

= Ranunculus dissectus Port. ex Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 2: 433 (1841)

= Ranunculus wolfianus Chenevard; Bull. Trav. Soc. Bot. Genève 9: 121 (1899)

subspecies :

subsp. leroyi M.Laínz; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 38(2): 470 (1981 publ. 1982)

Distribution: Spain

12 SPA

species :

Ranunculus alpigenus Kom.; Trav. Soc. Nat. Petersb. 26: 56 (1896)

Distribution: Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Wakhan, Baghlan, Parwan); Pakistan (Chitral)

32 TZK 34 AFG 40 PAK

species :

Ranunculus alsaticus W.Koch; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 49: 546 (1939)

Name: Elsässer Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Sachsen); NW-Switzerland; France (Alsace)

11 GER SWI 12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. alsaticus (W.Koch) R.Engel; Bull. Assoc. Philom. Alsace Lorraine 13: 79 (1968)

species :

Ranunculus alsophilus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 130 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. alsophilus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus altaicus Laxm.; Novi Comment. Acad. Sci. Imp. Petrop. 18: 533 (1773)

subspecies :

subsp. altaicus

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (N-Xinjiang)

30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK 36 CHI

Remarks: nivalis agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus nivalis subsp. altaicus (Laxm.) Vorosch.; A. K. Skvortsov (ed.), Florist. issl. v razn. raionakh SSSR: 170 (1985)

= Ranunculus sulphureus var. altaica (Laxm.) Trautv.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 1: 69 (1860)

subspecies :

subsp. taimyrensis (Kuvaev) Luferov; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada 192: 96 (2006)

Distribution: Siberia (Krasnoyarsk)

30 SIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus sulphureus subsp. taimyrensis Kuvaev; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir, Biol., 102(5): 71 (1997)

= Ranunculus taimyrensis (Kuvaev) Luferov; Botanica Pacifica 12(2): 128 (2023)

species :

Ranunculus alticaulis (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 130 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. alticaulis Markl.

species :

Ranunculus altilobus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 130 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. altilobus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus altior Markl.; Mem. Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn. 16: 51 (1940)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: provisionally accepted name, auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. altior (Markl.) G.Kvist & Jalas; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 24(2): 222 (1987)

species :

Ranunculus altitatrensis Paclová & Murín; Biologia (Bratislava) 57(1): 72 (2002)

Distribution: Slovakia

11 SLO

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus altitorus (Markl.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 78 (1992) 29(2): 130 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. altitorus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus altus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 130 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. altus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 18 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus amabilis (Valta) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 130 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. amabilis Valta

species :

Ranunculus amalasuinthae Halamski; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon 180 (2024)

Distribution: Poland

11 POL

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus amaurophanes (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 130 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. amaurophanes Markl.

species :

Ranunculus ambigens S.Watson; Bibliog. Ind. N. Am. Bot. 1: 16 (1878)

Name: Waterplantain spearwort

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia)

74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus ambigens var. obtusiusculus K.C.Davis; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 2: 494 (1900)

= Ranunculus obtusiusculus Raf.; Med. Repos., ser. 2, 5: 359 (1808)

= Ranunculus robinii Raf.; Fl. Ludov.: 82 (1817)

species :

Ranunculus amblyodon (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 130 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 EST LAT LIT RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. amblyodon Markl.

species :

Ranunculus amblyolobus Boiss. & Hohen.; Boiss., Diagn. ser. 1, 8: 5 (1849)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Ranunculus ambranus Hörandl & Gutermann; Bot. Jahrb., 120(1): 35 (1998), nom. nov.

Name: Fürstenfeldbrucker Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (+Bayern, +Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus ponticus Borch.-Kolb; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21(1): 136 (1985)

species :

Ranunculus ameres Ericsson & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 130 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax f. indivisus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus amerophylloides H.Eichler; Biblioth. Bot. 31: Heft 124, 69 (1958)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus amerophyllus F.Muell.; Trans. Roy. Soc. Vict. N. S. 1(2): (1889) 1

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus amgensis Timokhina; Fl. Sibir. (Portulacac.-Ranunculac.) 6: 208 (1993)

Distribution: Siberia (Yakutia)

30 SIB

species :

Ranunculus amoeniflorus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 130 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. amoeniflorus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus amoenifrons (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 130 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. amoenifrons Markl.

species :

Ranunculus amoenoviridis (Julin) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn., 8 78 (1992) 29(2): 130 (1992)

Distribution: Norway; Sweden

10 NOR SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. amoenoviridis Julin; Bot. Not. 131(3): 320 (1978)

species :

Ranunculus amphitrichus Colenso; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 17: 237 (1885)

Distribution: Australia (SW-Western Australia, South Australia, Kangaroo Isl., New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania); New Zealand; Chatham Isl.

50 AUS 51 CTM NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus rivularis Banks & Sol. ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 270 (1817), nom. illeg., non Spreng. (1807)

species :

Ranunculus amplexicaulis L.; Sp. Pl.- 549 (1753)

Name: Stengelumfassender Hahnenfuß

Distribution: NE-Spain; SW-France (Pyrenees)

12 FRA SPA

Remarks: amplexicaulis agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus plantaginifolius Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 372 (1796)

species :

Ranunculus amplidens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 130 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus monophyllus subsp. amplidens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus amplisinus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 131 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. amplisinus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus amplus N.G.Walsh & B.G.Briggs; Muelleria 17: 15 (2003)

Distribution: Australia (SW-Victoria)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus amurensis Kom.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 22(1): 294-295. (1904 publ. 1903)

Distribution: Siberia (Chita); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye); China (Heilongjiang, Nei Mongol)

30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus amurensis Maxim. ex Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 8: 41, nomen (1883)

species :

Ranunculus anandrophyllus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 131 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. anandrophyllus Julin

species :

Ranunculus anandrus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 131 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. anandrus Julin

species :

Ranunculus anatolicus Akkemik, Akalin & Özhatay; Nordic J. Bot. 25(5-6): 311 (2008)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Ranunculus ancorifolius (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 131 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. ancorifolius Julin

species :

Ranunculus anemoneus F.Muell.; Trans. Phil. Soc. Vict. 1: 97 (1855)

Distribution: Australia (S-New South Wales: Kosciuszko plateau)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus anemonifolius DC.; Syt. Nat. 1: 282 (1817)

Distribution: Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Ranunculus anemonophyllus (Hyl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 131 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. anemonophyllus Hyl.

species :

Ranunculus angularis A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 674 (2018)

Name: Angular Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Cambridge)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus angulatus C.Presl; J. Presl & C. Presl, Delic. Prag.: 7. (1822)

Distribution: Sicily

13 SIC

Remarks: Status uncertain, sardous agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus sardous var. angulatus (C.Presl) Glück; Biol. Morphol. Untersuch. Wasser- Sumpfgewächse 3: 501 (1911)

species :

Ranunculus angustatus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 132 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. angustatus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus angustidens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 132 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. angustidens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus angustifidus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 132 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. angustifidus Julin

species :

Ranunculus angustifolius DC.; Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1: 118 (1808)

Distribution: Spain (Pyrenees, Sa. Nevada); Andorra; France

12 ADO FRA SPA

Remarks: amplexicaulis agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus alismoides Bory; Ann. Gen. Sci. Phys. 3: 13 (1820)

= Ranunculus angustifolius subsp. uniflorus (Boiss.) Molero Mesa & Pérez Raya; Fl. Sierra Nevada: 91 (1987)

= Ranunculus naudoi Sennen; Diagn. Nouv.: 5 (1936)

= Ranunculus pyrenaeus subsp. alismoides (Bory) O.Bolós & Font Quer; Collect. Bot. (Barcel.) 6: 355 (1962)

= Ranunculus pyrenaeus subsp. angustifolius (DC.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France 1: 81 (1893)

species :

Ranunculus angustilobulus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 132 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. angustilobulus Julin

species :

Ranunculus angustior (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. angustior Markl.

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. fedorovii Fagerstr.

= Ranunculus fedorovii (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

species :

Ranunculus angustipetalus Merr. & L.M.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 24: 37 (1943)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus angustiscutatus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 674 (2018)

Name: Fingered Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Suffolk)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus angustitorus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. angustitorus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 19 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus angustus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. angustus Julin

species :

Ranunculus anisodon (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. anisodon Markl.

species :

Ranunculus anisophyllus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. anisophyllus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus antygodon (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. antygodon Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 4 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus antygophyllus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; C-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 EST LAT LIT RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. antygophyllus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus apenninus (Chiov.) Pignatti; Giorn. Bot. Ital. 116: 94 (1983)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: breyninus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus montanus var. apenninus Chiov.; Bull. Soc. Bot. ltal. 1892: 295 (1892)

species :

Ranunculus apertiformis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. apertiformis Julin

species :

Ranunculus apertisinus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. apertisinus Julin

species :

Ranunculus apertus (Markl. & Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. apertus Markl. & Julin

species :

Ranunculus apheles (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. apheles Markl.

species :

Ranunculus apiculatus (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. apiculatus Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus apiifolius Pers.; Syn. Pl. (Pers.) 2(1): 105 (1806)

Name: Apio cimarrón [Chile]

Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Central); Uruguay (Canelones, Montevideo, Rocha); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Entre Rios, La Pampa, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, Tucuman); Chile (Valparaíso, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Lagos)

84 BRA 85 ARG CLE PAR URU

Remarks: belongs in Ranunculus fide Emadzade et al. 2010

Synonyms: hidden

= Aphanostemma apiifolia (Pers.) A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 13 (1825)

species :

Ranunculus appropinquans (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. appropinquans Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 6 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus aquatilis L.; Sp. Pl. 556 (1753)

Name: Gewöhnlicher Wasser-Hahnenfuß, Echter Wasser-Hahnenfuß (DE), White water crowfoot, Common Water-crowfoot (EN)

Distribution: England (England, Wales, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl., Isle of Man); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; France; +Channel Isl. (+Guernsey, +Jersey); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; E-Crete; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Afghanistan (Badakshan); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania)

10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN NET POL SLO SWI 12 CIS COR FRA SAR SPA 13 BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG MOR TUN 34 AFG ISR JOR

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. Records from further east belong to R. mongolicus. Records from North and South America belong to R. mongolicus and R. nipponicus. The listed synonymy is probably too extensive, and some names might belong elsewhere.

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium aquatile (L.) Dumort.; Fl. Belg. [Dumortier] 127 (1827)

= Batrachium aquatile (L.) Wimm.; Fl. Schles. 8 (1841), isonym

= Batrachium aquatile subsp. radians (Revelière) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 371 (1970 publ. 1971)

= Batrachium aquatile var. capillaceum (Thuill.) Garrett; Spring Fl. Wasatch, ed. 3: 35 (1917)

= Batrachium aquatile var. heterophyllum (Weber) Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. 7: 200 (1838)

= Batrachium aquatile var. radicans Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. 7: 201 (1838)

= Batrachium aquatile var. submersum (Godr.) Janch.; 196 (1958), nom. inval., et 234 (1959)

= Batrachium aquatile var. succulentum (W.D.J.Koch) Frueth & Hallier; Hallier & Wohlf., 26 (1890)

= Batrachium aquatile var. terrestre F.W.Schultz; 13 (1845)

= Batrachium aquatile var. tripartitum F.W.Schultz; 13 (1845)

= Batrachium argutum Opiz; Seznam 21 (1852)

= Batrachium caespitosum var. aquaticum (Godr.) F.W.Schultz; 14 (1845)

= Batrachium caespitosum var. terrestre (Godr.) F.W.Schultz; 14 (1845)

= Batrachium capillaceum (Thuill.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 722 (1821 publ. 1822)

= Batrachium carinatum Schur; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 15(2): 28 (1877)

= Batrachium circinatoides Arv.-Touv.; Bull. Soc. Dauphin. Échange Pl. 4: 105 (1877)

= Batrachium diversifolium (Gilib.) Miniaev; Konsp. Fl. Pskov. Obl., Leningrad: 78 (1970), nom. illeg.

= Batrachium diversifolium Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 15 (1878)

= Batrachium friesii Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 15 (1878)

= Batrachium gilibertii V.I.Krecz.; Kom., Fl. URSS 7: 345 (1937)

= Batrachium godronii (Gren.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 16 (1878)

= Batrachium heterophyllum (Weber) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 721 (1821 publ. 1822)

= Batrachium heterophyllum var. peltatum Gray; 722 (1821)

= Batrachium luteolum Revelière; Cf. Bull. Soc. Bot. France 12: Bibliog. 258 (1865)

= Batrachium mongolicum var. suberadicatum Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 31: 76 (1998)

= Batrachium peltatum (Moench) Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1: Rammic. 49 (1823)

= Batrachium pantothrix A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 7: 139 (1912)

= Batrachium radians (Revelière) Dumort.; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belg. 2: 215 (1863)

= Batrachium sajanense (Regel & Radde) V.I.Krecz.; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 340 (1937)

= Batrachium triphyllum (Wallr.) Dumort; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belg. 2: 214 (1863)

= Ranunculus acutilobus Merino; Fl. Galicia 1: 38 (1905)

= Ranunculus aquaticus Neck.; Delic. Gallo-Belg. 1: 242 (1768)

= Ranunculus aquatilis f. tripartitus (Nolte) Godr.; 19 (1840)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. diversifolius Ehrh.; Hannover. Mag. 18: 225 (1780)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. radians (Revel) A.R.Clapham; Fl. Brit. Isles: 98 (1952)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. arcticus Durand; Pl. Kaneanae Groenl.: 185 (1856)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. capillaceus (Thuill.) DC.; Lam. & A. P. de Candolle, Fl. Franç., éd. 3 4: 894 (1805)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. cornutus Merrem; 259 (1809)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. diversifolius Ehrh.; 20 (1790), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. diversifolius Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: 303 (1823)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. fluitans Gren. & Godr.; 23 (1847), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. heterophyllus (Weber) DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 234 (1817)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. heterophyllus (Weber) Godr.; 17 (1840), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. heterophyllus (Weber) Merrem; 258 (1809)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. leiospermus Wallr.; 282 (1822)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. natans T.Marsson; 10 (1869)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. peltatus DC.; Syst. Nat. 1: 235 (1817)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. radians (Revel) Fiek; 9 (1881)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. submersus Gren. & Godr.; 23 (1847)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. succulentus W.D.J.Koch; 11 (1836)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. terrestris Godr.; 17 (1840)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. terrestris T.Marsson; 10 (1869)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. tripartitus (Nolte) W.D.J.Koch; 11 (1836)

= Ranunculus bauhini Tausch; Flora 17: 525 (1834)

= Ranunculus beckii G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 39 (1831)

= Ranunculus capillaceus Thuill.; Fl. Env. Paris, ed. 2: 278 (1799)

= Ranunculus capillaris Gaterau; Descr. Pl. Montauban: 102 (1789)

= Ranunculus carinatus (Schur) Freyn; A. J. R. Kerner, Sched. Fl. Exs. Austro-Hung. 1: 21 (1881)

= Ranunculus commutatus Badarò; Giorn. Fis., ser. 2, 9: 81 (1826)

= Ranunculus diversifolius (Ehrh.) Schrank; Baier. Fl. 2: 103 (1789)

= Ranunculus diversifolius Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 262 (1782), opus utique oppr.

= Ranunculus elongatus F.W.Schultz; Billotia 1: 113 (1869)

= Ranunculus gmelinii Schltdl.; Animadv. Bot. Ranunc. Cand. 2: 35 (1820)

= Ranunculus godronii (Gren.) Gren.; Rev. Fl. Monts Jura: 25 (1865)

= Ranunculus grayanus Freyn; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 8: 179 (1890)

= Ranunculus hederaceus var. hederifolius (Hiern) G.Lawson; Proc. & Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada 2(4): 44 (1884)

= Ranunculus heterophyllus Pers.; 105 (1806), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus heterophyllus var. lobatus Wender.; 179 (1846), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus heterophyllus var. tripartitus (Sturm) Wender.; 179 (1846)

= Ranunculus heterophyllus Weber; F. H. Wiggins, Prim. Fl. Holsat.: 42 (1780)

= Ranunculus hydrocharis f. hederifolius Hiern; J. Bot. 9: 67 (1871)

= Ranunculus hydrocharis Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 3: 1007 (1829), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus hydrocharis subsp. heterophyllus Spenn.; 1008 (1829), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus hydrocharis var. capillaceus (Thuill.) Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 3: 2008 (1829)

= Ranunculus hydrocharis var. tripartitus Spenn.; 1008 (1829)

= Ranunculus hydrocharis var. vulgaris Spenn.; 1008 (1829)

= Ranunculus hypotrichus Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 27(II): 275 bis (1854 publ. 1855)

= Ranunculus pantothrix var. capillaceus (Thuill.) DC.; Syst. Nat. 1: 235 (1817)

= Ranunculus paucistamineus var. radians (Revel) Zapal.; 207 (1909)

= Ranunculus paui Sennen; Monde Pl. 29(173): 6 (1928)

= Ranunculus pectinatus Dubois; Méth. Éprouv.: 454 (1803)

= Ranunculus peltatus Moench; Methodus (Moench) 214 (1794), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus peltatus var. heterophyllus (Coss. & Germ.) Meijden; Gorteria 11(4): 92 (1982)

= Ranunculus radians Revel; Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 19: 120 (1853)

= Ranunculus submersus (Godr.) Godr.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 6: 498 (1859)

= Ranunculus tripartitus Nolte; Novit. Fl. Holsat.: 51 (1826)

= Ranunculus triphyllus Wallr.; Linnaea 14: 584 (1840)

species :

Ranunculus arachnoideus C.A.Mey.; Verz. Pfl. Caucasus 201 (1831)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan

33 AZE GEO NCS

species :

Ranunculus aragonensis Dunkel; Stapfia 112: 9 (2021)

Distribution: Spain (Aragon, Rioja, Alava)

12 SPA

Remarks: auricomus agg., aragonensis group

species :

Ranunculus archangelicus Fagerstr. ex Sennikov; Komarovia (2006), nom. nov.

Distribution: C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. archangeliensis Fagerstr.

= Ranunculus archangelensis (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

species :

Ranunculus arcogoticus Dunkel; Stapfia 111: 66 (2019)

Distribution: Slovenia

13 SLV

Remarks: auricomus agg., phragmiteti group

species :

Ranunculus arcticus Richardson; J. Franklin, Narr. Journey Polar Sea: 741 (1823)

Name: Northern buttercup

Distribution: European Russia; Siberia (Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, Newfoundland, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Arizona, Colorado, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, Nevada, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

14 RUS 30 SIB 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus affinis R.Br.; Chlor. Melvill.: 7 (1823)

= Ranunculus affinis var. apetalus G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 35 (1831)

= Ranunculus affinis var. lasiocarpus Torr.; C. Wilkes, U. S. Expl. Exped. 17(Bot. 2): 213 (1874)

= Ranunculus affinis var. leiocarpus Trautv.; A. T. von Middendorff, Reise Sibir. 1(2

= Ranunculus affinis var. subintegrifolius G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 35 (1831)

= Ranunculus dahuricus Turcz. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.) 1(3): 732 (1843)

= Ranunculus eastwoodianus L.D.Benson; Amer. J. Bot. 27: 804 (1940)

= Ranunculus eschscholtzii A.Gray; Amer. J. Sci., ser. 2, 33: 241, partim (1862)

= Ranunculus pedatifidus subsp. affinis (R.Br.) Hultén; Ark. Bot. (n. s.) 7(1): 58 (1968)

= Ranunculus pedatifidus subsp. arcticus (Richardson) Luferov; Turczaninovia 7(1): 61 (2004)

= Ranunculus pedatifidus var. affinis (R.Br.) L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 52: 355 (1954)

= Ranunculus pedatifidus var. leiocarpus (Trautv.) Fernald; Rhodora 19: 138 (1917)

= Ranunculus wilanderi (Nath.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 39 (1961)

species :

Ranunculus arctophilus (Markl. ex Fagerstr. & G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Norway; N-European Russia

10 NOR 14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. arctophilus Markl. ex Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 17(3): 303 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus arcuiformans (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. arcuiformans Julin

species :

Ranunculus argillicola A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 673 (2018)

Name: Boulder Clay Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Cambridge)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus argoviensis W.Koch; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 49: 544 (1939)

Name: Aargauer Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Saarland, Sachsen); Switzerland; France (Alsace)

11 GER SWI 12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. argoviensis (W.Koch) R.Engel; Bull. Assoc. Philom. Alsace Lorraine 13: 83 (1968)

species :

Ranunculus argyreus Boiss.; Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 2, 16: 352 (1841), as ´argyraeus´

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: oxyspermus agg.

species :

Ranunculus ariodon (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. ariodon Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 21 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus arizonicus Lemmon ex A.Gray; Proc. Am. Acad. 21: 370 (1886)

Name: Arizona buttercup

Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico); Mexico (Sonora, Chihuahua, Durango)

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus arizonicus var. chihuahuanus L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 147 (1948)

= Ranunculus palmifolius Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 17: 246 (1937)

species :

Ranunculus armingfordensis A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 673 (2018)

Name: Buff Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Cambridgeshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus arschantynicus Kamelin, Shmakov & S.V.Smirn.; Turczaninovia 7(3): 6 (2004)

Distribution: Mongolia

37 MON

species :

Ranunculus arvensis L.; Sp. Pl. 555 (1753)

Name: Acker-Hahnenfuß (DE), Corn buttercup (EN); Ranunculo campestre (ES)

Distribution: England (England, Wales, S-Scotland); +Ireland (+E-Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland [I]; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, +Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, +Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, +Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; ?Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; ?Andorra; Baleares; France; +Channel Isl. (+Guernsey, +Jersey); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread mainland, also Naxos, Samothraki, Limnos); Crete; Estonia [I]; Belarus; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Samos, Kos, Karpathos, Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, NW-Iran, W-Iran, C-Iran, E-Iran, S-Iran); Afghanistan (Baghlan, Faryab, Ghorat, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Kunar / Nuristan, Wardak, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Takhar); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, N-Negev Desert, Judean Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); China [I] (Anhui [I], Hubei [I]); Japan [I]; Pakistan (widespread); Nepal; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Uttarakhand); Australia [I] (New South Wales [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], District of Columbia [I], Georgia [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Kansas [I], Louisiana [I], Maryland [I], Missouri [I], Mississippi [I], Montana [I], North Carolina [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], South Carolina [I], Tennessee [I], Utah [I], Washington State [I], West Virginia [I]); Chile [I] (Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I])

10 DEN fin GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 BAL CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR est KRY MLD UKR 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 CNY MDR 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 36 chi 38 jap 40 IND NEP PAK 50 aus 51 nzl 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa 85 cle

Synonyms: hidden

= Cynomorbium heterophyllum Opiz; Fl. Caslav. Cent. 3: 255, 261 (1804)

= Hegiella arvensis (L.) Börner; 306 (1912)

= Hegiella inermis (W.D.J.Koch) Börner; 306 (1912)

= Hericinia arvensis (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyun, N. S. 16: 325 (1868)

= Pachyloma arvense (L.) Spach; Hist. Veg. Phan. 7: 195 (1839)

= Pfundia arvensis (L.) Opiz; Seznam, 73 (1852), et in Lotos 4: 43 (1854)

= Ranunculus arvensis subsp. tuberculatus (DC.) Ces.; Car. Catt., 286 (1844)

= Ranunculus arvensis var. cornutus Wender.; 176 (1846)

= Ranunculus arvensis var. echinatissimus (Blatt.) Qureshi & Chaudhri; Pakistan Syst., 4(1-2): 184 (1988)

= Ranunculus arvensis var. inermis Fayaz & Dar; Pleione 11(2): 471 (2017), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus arvensis var. inermis W.D.J.Koch; Deutschl. Fl. (Mertens & W. D. J. Koch), ed. 3. 4: 188 (1833)

= Ranunculus arvensis var. leiocarpos Rchb.; 725 (1832)

= Ranunculus arvensis var. reticulatus (J.J.Schmitz & Regel) Garcke; 10 (1854)

= Ranunculus arvensis var. segetalis (Kit.) Rchb.; 725 (1832)

= Ranunculus arvensis var. tuberculatus (DC.) W.D.J.Koch; 188 (1833)

= Ranunculus arvensis var. vulgaris F.W.Schultz; 21 (1845)

= Ranunculus curvirostratus Bertol.; Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Ist. Bologna, ser. 2, 4: 313 (1864)

= Ranunculus echinatissimus Blatt.; Journ. Ind. Bot. Soc. 9: 200 (1930)

= Ranunculus echinatus Crantz; Stirp. Austr. ed. I. fasc. 2: 95, ed. II. 118 (1763)

= Ranunculus fernandezii Blatt.; J. Indian Bot. Soc. 9: 199 (1930)

= Ranunculus reticulatus Regel & J.J.Schmitz ex Seub.; Flora 28: 334 (1845)

= Ranunculus segetalis Kit. ex Uechtr.; Flora 4: 40 (1821)

= Ranunculus tuberculatus Kit. ex Hornem.; Hort. Bot. Hafn. 2: 528 (1815)

species :

Ranunculus arvidii (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. arvidii Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(1): 6 (1974)

species :

Ranunculus arwidssonii (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. arwidssonii Julin

species :

Ranunculus ashibetsuensis Wiegleb; Acta Phytotax. Geobot., 39(4-6): 130 (1988)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Kuril Isl., Sakhalin, ?Commander Isl.); Japan (Hokkaido)

31 RFE 38 JAP

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium ashibetsuense (Wiegleb) A.A.Bobrov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 99(9): 1032 (2014)

species :

Ranunculus asiaticus L.; Sp. Pl. 552 (1753)

Name: Asiatischer Hahnenfuß (DE); Asiatic Buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Greece (very rare Kefalonia, Zakynthos, S-Peloponnisos, Kiklades: Amorgos, Astipalea); Crete (widespread); Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); East Aegaean Isl. (Tilos, Simi, Chalki, Rhodos, Kasos, Karpathos); Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (S-Iran, W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, N-Negev Desert, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Taiwan [I]; Bolivia [I]

13 GRC KRI 20 EGY LBY 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 38 tai 83 bol

Synonyms: hidden

= Cyprianthe anemonoides Spach; Hist. Veg. Phan. 7: 221 (1839)

= Cyprianthe asiatica (L.) Freyn; M. Willkomm & J. M. C. Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 942 (1880)

= Ranunculus asiaticus subsp. latilobus Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 133 (1935)

= Ranunculus asiaticus subsp. tenuilobus (Boiss.) Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 134 (1935)

= Ranunculus asiaticus var. bereniceus Pamp.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 24: 136 (1917)

= Ranunculus asiaticus var. bicolor Pamp.; Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 14 (1914)

= Ranunculus asiaticus var. flavus Sickenb.; Mem. Inst. Egypte 4 2: 171 (1901)

= Ranunculus asiaticus var. grandiflorus Beg. & Vacc.; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 12: 105 (1913)

= Ranunculus asiaticus var. intermedius Pamp.; Archiv. Bot. 12: 28 (1936)

= Ranunculus asiaticus var. puniceus Dörfl.

= Ranunculus asiaticus var. sanguineus DC.

= Ranunculus asiaticus var. variegatus Sickenb.; Mem. Inst. Egypte 4 2: 171 (1901)

= Ranunculus flammipetalus Gand.; Fl. Cret. 6, No. 39 (1916), et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 63: 225 (1916) (1919)

= Ranunculus garianicus Borzì & Mattei; Boll. Reale Orto Bot. Palermo 11: 239 (1912)

= Ranunculus hortensis Pers.; Syn. Pl. (Pers.) 2(1): 104 (1806)

= Ranunculus sanguineus Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8. n. 10 (1768)

species :

Ranunculus asplundii (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. asplundii Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 22 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus asterodes (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. asterodes Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 9 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus asymmetrus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. asymmetrus Julin

species :

Ranunculus atlanticus Ball; Fl. Algerie [Batt. & Trabut] Dicot.: 9 (1888)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

Remarks: acris agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus acris var. atlanticus (Ball) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 162 (1964)

= Ranunculus acris subsp. atlanticus Ball; J. Bot. 11: 296 (1873)

species :

Ranunculus atriviolascens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. atriviolascens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus atrovirens (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. atrovirens Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(2): 3 (1975)

species :

Ranunculus attenuans (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. attenuans Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 23 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus attenuilobus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 676 (2018)

Name: Beautiful Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Surrey, Kent)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus attingens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; C-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 EST LAT LIT RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. attingens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus aucheri Boiss.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 16: 351 (1841)

Distribution: Azerbaijan (Nachichevan, Talysh); Turkey (E-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Pakistan (Chitral, Dras); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Ladakh)

33 AZE 34 IRN IRQ TUR 40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus elbrusensis var. aucheri (Boiss.) Parsa; Fl. Iran 2: 216 (1986)

= Ranunculus eriocarpus Boiss.; Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 2, 16: 351 (1841)

species :

Ranunculus augustanus Pignatti; Giorn. Bot. Ital. 110: 210 (1976)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus aurasiacus Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atlant.: 379 (1875)

Distribution: Morocco; Algeria

20 ALG MOR

Remarks: breyninus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus aurasiacus var. ayachicus (Emb.) Emb. & Maire; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 17: 224 (1937)

= Ranunculus aurasiacus var. djurdjurae Chabert; (1889)

= Ranunculus aurasiacus var. pseudodemissus Chabert; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 36: 17 (1889)

= Ranunculus dyris var. ayachicus Emb.; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 15: 198 (1936)

= Ranunculus geraniifolius subsp. aurasiacus (Pomel) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 15: 71 (1924)

= Ranunculus geraniifolius var. ayachicus (Emb.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N.27: 205 (1936)

= Ranunculus geraniifolius var. mesatlanticus Maire

= Ranunculus montanus subsp. aurasiacus (Pomel) Maire; Emb. & Maire, Cat. Pl. Maroc: 993 (1941)

= Ranunculus montanus var. ayachicus (Emb.) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 149 (1964)

= Ranunculus montanus var. djurdjurae (Chabert) Maire

= Ranunculus montanus var. mesatlanticus (Maire) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Afr. Nord 15: 3 (1927)

species :

Ranunculus aureopetalus Kom.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 3, Otd. Bot. 26: 55 (1896)

Distribution: Uzbekistan; Tajikistan

32 TZK UZB

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus sciatrophus Ovcz.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Uzbekistansk. Akad. Nauk SSSR 3: 29 (1941)

species :

Ranunculus auricomiformis Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 223, in clavi, 228 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 398 (1965)

Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary

11 HUN SLO

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus auricomus L.; Sp. Pl. 551 (1753) s. str.

Name: Goldschopf-Hahnenfuß, Goldgelber Hahnenfuß

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg. Typification of nominate form see Kvist 1987

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculastrum auricomum (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 324 (1868)

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. obtusulus (Markl.) Markl. ex Fagerstr.

= Ranunculus obtusulus Markl.; Memoranda Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 16: 49 (1940)

= Ranunculus variifolius Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 373 (1796)

species :

Ranunculus aurosulus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 134 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. aurosulus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus austrokarelicus (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 134 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. austrokarelicus Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus austrooreganus L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 52: 341 (1954)

Name: Southern Oregon buttercup

Distribution: USA (SW-Oregon)

73 USA

Remarks: Status doubtful, possibly to R. occidentalis var. howellii

Conservation Status: Of conservation concern

species :

Ranunculus aydogdui Karaman, Teksen & H.Duman; Nordic J. Bot. 39(1)-e02980: 2 (2021)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Ranunculus badachschanicus Ovcz. & Kochk.; Fl. Tadzhikskoi SSR 4: 534 (1975)

Distribution: Tajikistan

32 TZK

species :

Ranunculus baeckii (Fagerstr. & G.Kvist) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 78 (1992) 29(2): 134 (1992)

Distribution: Norway; Sweden; Finland

10 FIN NOR SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. baeckii Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 19(1): 53 (1982)

species :

Ranunculus baguetii (Demarsin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 134 (1992)

Distribution: Belgium

11 BGM

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. baguetii Demarsin

species :

Ranunculus baidarae Rupr.; Fl. Cauc. 22 (1869)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan

33 ARM AZE GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus ginkgolobus Sommier & Levier; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. (1893) 524, et Ser. II. 1: 8 (1894) et in Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 13: 184 (1894)

= Ranunculus villarsii subsp. baidarae (Rupr.) N.Busch; Mat. Fl. Kavk. 3 3: 169 (1903)

= Ranunculus dzhavakheticus Ovcz.; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 438, 744 (1937)

species :

Ranunculus balangshanicus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(2): 105-107, pl. 2, f. 7-9 (1987)

Distribution: China (NW-Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus balatonensis Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 403 (1965)

Distribution: Hungary

11 HUN

Remarks: provisionally accepted name, auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus baldensis Dunkel; Webbia 65(2): 203 (2010)

Distribution: N-Italy (Mte. Baldo)

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus balikunensis J.G.Liu; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 12(3): 235-236, f. 1 (1992)

Distribution: China (E-Xinjiang)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus balkharicus N.Busch; Trav. Mus. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS. 19: 79 (1926)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO NCS

species :

Ranunculus bamianicus Podlech; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 17: 479 (1981)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Bamyan, Wardak)

34 AFG

species :

Ranunculus bangii Lourteig; Mem. Soc. Cienc. Nat. La Salle 16: (Ranunc. Südamer. Trop.) 147 (1956)

Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz)

83 BOL

species :

Ranunculus banguoensis L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 28: 362, t. 88, f. 9-10 (1980)

Distribution: China (SW-Qinghai); C-Tibet (Baingoin Xian)

36 CHI TIB

variant :

var. grandiflorus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(2): 177 (1995)

Distribution: SW-Tibet (Burang Xian)

36 TIB

species :

Ranunculus baranovianus Schegol. & A.V.Grebenjuk; Checkl. Vasc. Pl. Tian-Shan 115 (2021), nom. nov.

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan

32 KAZ UZB

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus longilobus Ovcz.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Uzbekistansk. Fil. Akad. Nauk S. S. S. R. 3: 29 (1941), nom. illeg.

species :

Ranunculus bariscianus Dunkel; Webbia 66(2): 173 (2011)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus basalticus Giblin; Madroño 70(4): 243 (2024)

Distribution: USA (Washington State)

73 USA

species :

Ranunculus basilobatus H.Eichler ex P.Royen; Alp. Fl. New Guinea 3: 1346 (1982)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus basiotrichus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 134 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. basiotrichus Julin

species :

Ranunculus basitruncatus Borch.-Kolb; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21(1): 141 (1985)

Name: Abgestutzter Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus bathyodon (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 134 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. bathyodon Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(2): 6 (1975)

species :

Ranunculus batrachioides Pomel; Bull. Soc. Sci. Phys. Algérie 11: 249 (1874)

subspecies :

subsp. batrachioides

Distribution: Sardinia; Morocco; Algeria

12 SAR 20 ALG MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus batrachioides var. mesatlanticus Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 135 (1964)

= Ranunculus batrachioides var. xantholeucos (Coss. & Durieu) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 135 (1964)

= Ranunculus xantholeucos Coss. & Durieu; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 27: 67 (1880) (nom. illeg.)

subspecies :

subsp. brachypodus G.López; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 41(2): 470 (1984 publ. 1985)

Distribution: C-Spain

12 SPA

subspecies :

subsp. maghrebianus Dobignard; Index Syn. Fl. Afrique N. 5: 191 (2013)

Distribution: Morocco; Algeria

20 ALG MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus batrachioides var. pusillus (Pomel) Batt.; [nom. inval.]

= Ranunculus pusillus Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atlant.: 249 (1874) non Poir. [nom. illeg.]

species :

Ranunculus baudotii Godr.; Mém. Soc. Roy. Sci. Nancy 1839: 21 (1840)

Name: Brackwasser-Wasserhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: England (mostly coastal England, Wales, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl., Isle of Man); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Germany (Bayern [I], Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Schleswig-Holstein, +Saarland, +Sachsen-Anhalt); Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Channel Isl. (Guernsey, Sark, Jersey); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Slovenia; Albania; Greece (very rare mainland, also Mikonos, Naxos, Kerkyra, Limnos); Estonia; Latvia; N-European Russia; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos)

10 DEN FIN GRB IRE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN NET POL SLO 12 BAL CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB GRC ITA MLT SIC SLV 14 EST LAT RUS 20 ALG MOR TUN 34 EAI

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. A genetically heterogenous mix of at least 3 species (Jopek et al. 2023) which needs to be sorted out.

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium baudotii (Godr.) F.W.Schultz; Arch. Fl. Fr. et Allem. 1: 71 (1844)

= Batrachium baudotii subsp. marinum (Arrh. & Fr. ex Fr.) Neuman; 506 (1901)

= Batrachium baudotii subsp. marinum (Arrh. & Fr. ex Fr.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 183 (2000), isonym

= Batrachium confusum (Godr.) Garcke; Fl. N. Mitt.-Deutschland. ed. 4: 7 (1858)

= Batrachium confusum (Gren.) Le Jol.; Mém. Soc. Imp. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg 7: 257 (1860), isonym

= Batrachium marinum Arrh. & Fr. ex Fr.; Nov. Fl. Suec., Mant. 3: 51 (1842)

= Batrachium salsuginosum Dumort.; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 2: 218 (1863)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. baudotii (Godr.) Ball; Fl. Tunisie [Pottier-Alapetite] 1: 155 (1979)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. baudotii (Godr.) Bonnier & Layens; 7 (1894), isonym

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. baudotii (Godr.) Batt.; Fl. Algèrie [Batt. & Trabut] Dicot.: 7 (1888)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. confusus (Gren. & Godr.) Batt.; Fl. Algèrie [Batt. & Trabut] Dicot.: 7 (1888)

= Ranunculus baudotii subsp. marinus (Arrh. & Fr. ex Fr.) Lindm.; 287 (1926)

= Ranunculus baudotii var. confusus (Godr.) Syme; 25 (1863)

= Ranunculus baudotii var. fluitans Godr.; 22 (1847)

= Ranunculus baudotii var. godronii T.Marsson; 13 (1869)

= Ranunculus baudotii var. marinus (Arrh. & Fr. ex Fr.) T.Marsson; 14 (1869)

= Ranunculus baudotii var. natans T.Marsson; 13 (1869)

= Ranunculus baudotii var. submersus Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier & Godr.] 1: 22 (1847)

= Ranunculus baudotii var. terrestris Godr.; 22 (1847)

= Ranunculus baudotii var. vulgaris Syme; 25 (1863), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus confusus Gren.; J. C. M. Grenier & G. Gordon, Fl. France Corse 1: 22 (1847)

= Ranunculus confusus var. submersus Freyn; Willk. & Lange, 910 (1880)

= Ranunculus flaccidus subsp. confusus (Godr.) Hegi; 583 (1912)

= Ranunculus gelertii E.H.L.Krause; J. Sturm, Deutschl. Fl. Abbild., ed. 2, 5: 267 (1901)

= Ranunculus heterophyllus subsp. baudotii (Godr.) Moore & More; 5 (1866)

= Ranunculus marinus (Fr.) Hartm.; Handbk. Skand. Fl. ed. 4: 179 (1843)

= Ranunculus peltatus subsp. baudotii (Godr.) Meikle ex C.D.K.Cook; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 40: 473 (1984)

= Ranunculus petiveri var. major W.D.J.Koch; 13 (1843)

= Ranunculus trichophyllos Loscos; Ser. Inconf. Pl. Aragon. 2 (1863)

species :

Ranunculus bayerae Borch.-Kolb; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21(1): 226 (1985)

Name: Bayer-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus bekesensis Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 224, in clavi, 230 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 401 (1965)

Distribution: Hungary

11 HUN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus bellicrenatus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 134 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. bellicrenatus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus belliflorus Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 134 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. bellus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(1): 14 (1974)

species :

Ranunculus bellulus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 134 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. bellulus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 24 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus bellus Merr. & L.M.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 24: 37 (1943)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus beregensis Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 223, in clavi, 228 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 398 (1965)

Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary

11 HUN SLO

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus bergeri W.Koch ex Brodtb.; Bauhinia 11(1): 69 (1993)

Name: Berger-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Switzerland

11 SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus bernatskyanus Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 400 (1965)

Distribution: Serbia

13 SRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus bertisceus Kuzmanovic, D.Lakusic, Frajman & Schönsw.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 196(3): 402 (2021)

Name: Prokletije Buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Montenegro; Albania

13 ALB MNT

Remarks: alpestris agg., crenatus subagg.

species :

Ranunculus besandinus Dunkel; Stapfia 112: 32 (2021)

Distribution: Spain

12 SPA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus biclaterae Dunkel; Kochia 6: 79 (2012)

Name: Dreifrauen-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus bicolor (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 134 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. bicolor Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 25 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus bidens H.Eichler ex P.Royen; Alp. Fl. New Guinea 3: 1343 (1982)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus biformis W.Koch; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 42: 745 (1933)

Name: Zweigestaltiger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Saarland, Sachsen, Thüringen); Switzerland; France

11 BGM GER LUX SWI 12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. biformis (W.Koch) R.Engel; Bull. Assoc. Philom. Alsace Lorraine 13: 76 (1968)

species :

Ranunculus bikramii Aswal & Mehrotra; Indian J. Forest. 7(1): 62 (1984)

Distribution: India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)

40 IND

species :

Ranunculus bilobus Bertol.; Mém. Reale Accad. Sci. Ist. Bologna 19: 171 (1858)

Name: Zweilappiger Hahnenfuß

Distribution: N-Italy (S-Alps)

13 ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus alpestris subsp. bilobus (Bertol.) O.Paun; Molec. Ecol. 17: 4271 (2008)

= Ranunculus bertolonii Hausm.; Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 8: 378, in textu (1858)

= Ranunculus crenatus Bertol.; Fl. Ital. 5: 514 (1845), nom. illeg., non Waldst. & Kit.

species :

Ranunculus binatus Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 723 (1832)

Distribution: Slovakia; ?Romania

11 SLO

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. binatus (Kit. ex Rchb.) Jasiewicz; Fl. Polski Rosl. Naczyniowe, ed. 2, 4: 72 (1985), without basionym ref.

species :

Ranunculus bingoeldaghensis Engin; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 41: 77, ff. 1-2 (1983)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Ranunculus biternatus Sm.; Rees, Cyclop. 29: n. 48 (1814)

Name: Antarctic Buttercup

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes); Macquarie Isl.; Marion Isl.; Prince Edward Isl.; Ile Amsterdam; Iles Crozet; Iles Kerguélen; Falkland Isl.; South Georgia Isl.

85 ARG CLE 91 ASP CRZ FAL KEG MAQ MPE SGE

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium biternatum (Sm.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Ranunc.): 49 (1823)

= Casalea biternata (Sm.) A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 8. t. 9 (1825)

= Ranunculus commersonii DC. ex Poir.; Encyc. Suppl. 4: 662 (1816)

= Ranunculus exiguus d´Urv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 4: 615 (1826)

= Ranunculus flaccidus Banks & Sol. ex Hook.f.; non Pers.

= Ranunculus montteanus Phil.; Linnaea 30: 185 (1859 publ. 1860)

= Ranunculus montteanus var. obtusilobus Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 67 (1894)

species :

Ranunculus blandus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 134 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. blandus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus blumei Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 432 (1841)

Distribution: Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali)

42 JAW LSI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus geranioides Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 2 (1825)

species :

Ranunculus boecheri (Fagerstr. & G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 134 (1992)

Distribution: E-Greenland

70 GNL

Remarks: auricomus agg. One of very few sexually reproducing members of auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. boecheri Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 20(3): 241 (1983)

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. glabratus (Lynge) Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 20(3): 239 (1983)

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. hartzii Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 20(3): 243 (1983)

= Ranunculus glabratus (Lynge) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

= Ranunculus hartzii (Fagerstr. & G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

species :

Ranunculus boldtii (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 134 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. boldtii Markl.

species :

Ranunculus bonariensis Poir.; Encyc. 6: 102 (1804)

subspecies :

subsp. bonariensis

Distribution: Peru; WC-Brazil (Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Caaguazu, Caazapa, Cordillera, Guaira, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes, San Pedro); Uruguay (Canelones, Florida Prov., Montevideo, Paysandu, Rivera, Rocha, San Jose, Soriano); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Misiones, Santa Fe, Tucuman)

83 PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Casalea ascendens A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 8. t. 11 (1825)

= Casalea ficarifolia (Poir.) A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 8. t. 10 (1825)

= Casalea ficarifolia var. minor A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 10 (1824)

= Ranunculus adscendens Chodat & Hassl.; non Brot.

= Ranunculus adscendens var. paraguayensis Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier 6: 10 (1898)

= Ranunculus bonariensis f. major Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 3: 538 (1903)

= Ranunculus cordifolius Spreng.; Syst. Veg. (ed. 16) (Spreng.) 4(2, Cur. Post.): 218 (1827)

= Ranunculus montevidensis Arechav.; Anal. Mus. Montevid. Ser. II. 2: 29 (1905)

= Ranunculus ovalifolius Arechav.; Anal. Mus. Montevid. Ser. II. 2: 31 (1905)

subspecies :

subsp. jaunarii (Urb.) Molero; Fontqueria 7: 19 (1985)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus bonariensis var. jaunarii Urb.; Linnaea 43: 256 (1880-1882)

subspecies :

subsp. phyteumifolius (A.St.-Hil.) Molero; Fontqueria 7: 19 (1985)

Distribution: S-Brazil (Paraná); Paraguay (Canindeyu, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Misiones, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes, San Pedro); Uruguay (Cerro Largo); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Misiones, Santa Fe, San Juan)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Casalea phyteumifolia A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 9 (1824)

= Casalea phyteumifolia var. bonariensis A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 10 (1824)

= Ranunculus bonariensis var. phyteumifolius (A.St.-Hil.) Hicken ex Lourteig; Darwiniana 9: 462 (1951)

= Ranunculus phyteumifolius (A.St.-Hil.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg. (ed. 16) (Spreng.) 4(2, Cur. Post.): 218 (1827)

subspecies :

subsp. trisepalus (Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) Molero; Fontqueria 7: 19 (1985)

Name: Carter´s buttercup

Distribution: USA (California); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Uruguay (Canelones); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Cordoba, Argentina Distrito Federal, Entre Rios, La Pampa, Misiones, Santa Fe); Chile (Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Rios)

76 USA 84 BRA 85 ARG CLE URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus alveolatus A.M.Carter; Amer. J. Bot. 26: 555 (1939)

= Ranunculus berteronianus Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 2: 432 (1841), nomen

= Ranunculus bonariensis var. trisepalus (Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) Lourteig; Darwiniana 9: 465 (1951)

= Ranunculus humilis Collie ex Hook.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 4, t. 2 (1830) p. p.

= Ranunculus obtusatus Poepp.; Fragm. Syn. Pl. 28. (1833)

= Ranunculus trisepalus Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Misc. 3: 133 (1833)

species :

Ranunculus borbasianus Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 223, in clavi, 229 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 399 (1965)

Distribution: Hungary

11 HUN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus borchers-kolbiae Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 134 (1992), nom. nov.

Name: Gestielter Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus petiolatus Borch.-Kolb; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21(1): 257 (1985), nom. illeg., non H. Lév. & Vaniot

species :

Ranunculus boreigenus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 134 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus monophyllus subsp. boreigenus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus boreoapenninus Pignatti; Giorn. Bot. Ital., 110(3): 211 (1976)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus botschantzevii Ovcz.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Uzbekistansk. Akad. Nauk SSSR 3: 28 (1941)

Distribution: Uzbekistan; Tajikistan

32 TZK UZB

species :

Ranunculus bottnicus Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 78 (1992) 29(2): 134 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. dactylophyllus Julin; Bot. Not. 130(3): 288 (1977)

species :

Ranunculus bovioi Dunkel; Webbia 66(2): 184 (2011)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus brabantianus (Demarsin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 134 (1992)

Distribution: Belgium

11 BGM

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. brabantianus Demarsin

species :

Ranunculus brachygonophorus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 134 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. brachygonophorus Julin

species :

Ranunculus brachylobus Boiss. & Hohen.; Boiss., Diagn. ser. 1, 8: 6 (1849)

subspecies :

subsp. brachylobus

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)

33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ TUR

Remarks: breyninus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus brachylobus var. buschii (Ovcz.) Parsa; Fl. Iran 2: 166 (1986)

= Ranunculus buschii Ovcz.; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 443, 744 (1937)

= Ranunculus gymnadenus Sommier & Levier; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. (1893) 524, et Ser. II. 1: 10 (1894), et in Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 13: 18 1 (1894)

= Ranunculus suaneticus Rupr.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 15(2): 21 (1869)

= Ranunculus tebulossicus Prima; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 59(3): 369 (1974)

= Ranunculus villarsii subsp. brachylobus (Boiss. & Hohen.) N.Busch; Mat. Fl. Kavk. 3 3: 169 (1903)

subspecies :

subsp. incisilobatus P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 129 (1960)

Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey

33 ARM AZE 34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus araraticus (Rupr.) Grossh. ex Kem.-Nath.

= Ranunculus acutilobus f. araraticus Rupr.

species :

Ranunculus brachyphyllarius (Markl.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 78 (1992) 29(2): 134 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. brachyphyllarius Markl.

species :

Ranunculus brachyschides (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 134 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. brachyschides Julin

species :

Ranunculus brassii H.Eichler; Biblioth. Bot. 31: Heft 124, 85 (1958)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus braun-blanquetii Pignatti; Giorn. Bot. Ital. 110: 215 (1976)

Distribution: N-Italy (Trento, Belluno, Mte. Baldo); Slovenia

13 ITA SLV

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus gardenensis Pignatti; Giorn. Bot. Ital. 110: 213 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus breitfeldii Dunkel; Kochia 15: 113 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus brevidens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 135 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. brevidens Julin

species :

Ranunculus brevifidus (Julin) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 78 (1992) 29(2): 135 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. brevifidus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 27 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus brevifolius Ten.; Prodr. Fl. Nap. 1: 68 (1815)

Name: Kurzblättriger Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Italy; Montenegro; Albania; Greece (mountains of NW-, C-Greece, Peloponnisos); Crete (Lefka Ori, Ida); Turkey (SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia)

13 ALB GRC ITA KRI MNT 34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus brevifolius subsp. pindicus (Hausskn.) E.Mayer; Razpr. Slov. Akad. Znan. Umetn., Razr. Prir Med. Vede 5: 26 (1960)

= Ranunculus brachyphyllus Ten.; Fl. Napol. 4: t. 149 (1830)

= Ranunculus thora Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prod. 1: 380 (1809)

species :

Ranunculus brevis Garn.-Jones; New Zealand J. Bot. 25(1): 126 (1987), nom. nov.

Distribution: New Zealand (South Isl.)

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus depressus Kirk; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 12: 393 (1880)

species :

Ranunculus breviscapus DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 253 (1817)

Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)

83 BOL PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Oxygraphis breviscapa (DC.) Prantl; Bot. Jahrb. 9: 263 (1888)

= Casalea breviscapa (DC.) A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 8. t. 9 (1825)

species :

Ranunculus brevistylus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 135 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. brevistylus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 28 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus brewisiae A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 676 (2018)

Name: Brewis´s Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Hampshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus breyninus Crantz; Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 2: 91 (1763)

Name: Gebirgs-Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; France; Corsica; Italy; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Ukraine; Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

11 AUT GER LIE POL SLO SWI 12 COR FRA 13 BIH CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SMA SRB 14 KRY UKR 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR

Remarks: breyninus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus acutidentatus Rupr.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 15(2): 286 (1869)

= Ranunculus acutilobus Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 1: 40 (1841)

= Ranunculus aureus var. breyninus (Crantz) Rchb.; 724 (1832)

= Ranunculus aureus var. hornschuchii (Hoppe) Rchb.; 724 (1832)

= Ranunculus balcanicus Kümmerle & Jáv.; Bot. Közlem. 19: 20 (1921)

= Ranunculus breynii J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat., ed. 13(bis). 2(1): 880 (1791)

= Ranunculus hornschuchii Hoppe; Sturm, Deutschl. Fl. 9, Abth. 19 46: vol. 11 (1826)

= Ranunculus makaschwilii Kem.-Nath.; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Thbiliss., Fasc. 23, 31 (1963)

= Ranunculus montanus subsp. hornschuchii (Hoppe) Hegi; 566 (1912)

= Ranunculus montanus subsp. hornschuchii (Hoppe) Vollm.; Fl. Bayern 278 (1914)

= Ranunculus montanus var. villarsii Moritzi; 292 (1832)

= Ranunculus oreophilus f. jakupicensis Micevski; Prilozi Oddel. Biol. Med. Nauki Makedonska Akad. Nauk. Umet. 4: 134 (1983)

= Ranunculus oreophilus f. nudifolius Sigunov; Glasn. Prir. Mus. Beogradu, Ser. B, Biol. Nauke 34: 86 (1979)

= Ranunculus oreophilus M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 3: 383 (1819)

= Ranunculus oreophilus subsp. balcanicus Micevski; Maked. Akad. Nauk. Umetn., Odd. Biol. Med. Nauke, Prilozi 4(I-2): 134 (1983)

= Ranunculus oreophilus subsp. hornschuchii (Hoppe) O.Schwarz; 100 (1949)

= Ranunculus polyanthemos subsp. breyninus (Crantz) Hegi; 559 (1912)

= Ranunculus villarsii var. hornschuchii (Hoppe) Brügger; Jahresber Naturf. Ges. Graubündens [Fl. Curiensis] 17: 86 (1874)

species :

Ranunculus brotherusii Freyn; Bull. Herb. Boissier 6: 885 (1898)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; China (Gansu, SW-Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shanxi, NW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan, C-Xinjiang); S-Tibet; Pakistan (Nubra, Baltistan); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)

32 KAZ KGZ 36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus affinis Hook.f. &.Thomson; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 1: 18 (1872), non R. Br., 1823

= Ranunculus affinis var. dasycarpus Maxim.; Fl. Tangut. 14 (1889)

= Ranunculus brotherusii f. dasycarpus (Maxim.) L.Liou; Fl. Xizang. 2: 105 (1985)

= Ranunculus brotherusii subsp. latisectus Riedl; Kew Bull. 34(2): 362 (1979)

= Ranunculus brotherusii var. dasycarpus (Maxim.) Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Hort. Gotob. 13: 149 (1939) (non Steven)

= Ranunculus irenchabirgae Regel ex Ovcz.; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 392 (1937)

= Ranunculus tanguticus var. dasycarpus (Maxim.) L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 28: 297 (1980)

variant :

var. tanguticus (Maxim.) M.Tamura; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 23(1-2): 31-32 (1968)

Distribution: China (Gansu, SW-Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, S-Shaanxi, Shanxi, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); Tibet; Mongolia; Nepal; N-India (Sikkim)

36 CHI TIB 37 MON 40 IND NEP

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus affinis var. tanguticus Finet & Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 315 (1904)

= Ranunculus affinis var. ternatus Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 7(33): 231. (1912)

= Ranunculus affinis var. ternatus Franch.; Pl. Delavay. 19 (1889)

= Ranunculus tanguticus (Finet & Gagnep.) K.S.Hao; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 68: 597 (1938)

= Ranunculus tanguticus (Maxim.) Ovcz.; Fl. URSS 7: 393 (1937)

= Ranunculus tanguticus var. xinglongshanicus Z.X.Peng & Y.J.Zhang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 16(3): 289-290, f. 1 (1996)

species :

Ranunculus brunnescens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 135 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN SWE 14 EST LAT LIT RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. brunnescens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus brunnescentoides Dunkel; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 66: 28 (2014)

Distribution: France (NW-Alsace)

12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus brutius Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1: Ixi. (1811-1815)

subspecies :

subsp. brutius

Distribution: Italy; Albania; European Turkey; Greece (mountains of NW-, C-Greece, N-Peloponnisos, Rodopi); European Russia; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia); Iran (N-Iran)

13 ALB GRC ITA TUE 14 RUS 33 GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus brutius subsp. anatolicus Freyn & Sint.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 34 (1895)

subspecies :

subsp. crimaeus (Juz.) Elenevsky; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 94(1): 114 (1989)

Distribution: Crimea

14 KRY

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus crimaeus Juz.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 12: 5. (1950)

species :

Ranunculus buchananii Hook.f.; Handb. N. Zeal. Fl. 5 (1864)

Distribution: New Zealand (Lake Wakatipu to Lake Hauroko)

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus buchananii var. latilobus Allan; (1935)

= Ranunculus buchananii var. multifidus Allan; (1935)

species :

Ranunculus buchoniae Dunkel; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 86: 11 (2016)

Name: Buchonia-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Thüringen, Hessen, Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus budaianus Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 225, in clavi, 233 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 403 (1965)

Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary

11 HUN SLO

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus budensis Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 224, in clavi, 231 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 401 (1965)

Distribution: Slovakia; European Russia

11 SLO 14 RUS

species :

Ranunculus buekkensis Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 224, in clavi, 229 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 400 (1965)

Distribution: Hungary

11 HUN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus buhsei Boiss.; Fl. 1: 45 (1867)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)

33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus boissieri Simonk.; Termesz. Fuzet. 11: n. 3, 4 (1889)

= Ranunculus caucasicus Boiss. & Buhse; Nouv. Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 12: 5 (1860) non M. Bieb.

= Ranunculus scherosii Kem.-Nath.; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Thbiliss., Fasc. 23, 32 (1963)

= Ranunculus trisectilis Ovcz.; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 427, 743 (1937)

= Ranunculus trisectilis var. kluchoricus Kem.-Nath.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 23: 31 (1963)

species :

Ranunculus bujbensis Stepanov; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 120: 9-11 (2020)

Distribution: Siberia (Krasnoyarsk)

30 SIB

species :

Ranunculus bulbilliferus Boiss. & Hohen.; Boiss., Diagn. ser. 1, 8: 3 (1849)

Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran)

34 IRN IRQ

species :

Ranunculus bulbosus L.; Sp. Pl. 554 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. bulbosus

Name: Knolliger Hahnenfuß (DE), St. Anthony´s turnip (EN)

Distribution: England (England, Wales, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl., Isle of Man, Isles of Scilly); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Baleares; France; Channel Isl. (Alderney, Guernsey, Jersey); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; ?Sicily; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Morocco; Egypt (Nile Delta); La Réunion [I]; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran); New Zealand [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Georgia [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Missouri [I], Mississippi [I], North Carolina [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], Tennessee [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Washington State [I], West Virginia [I]); Bolivia [I]

10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SMA SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 20 EGY MOR 29 reu 32 TZK UZB 33 GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 51 nzl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa 83 bol

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculastrum albonaevum (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 17: 194 (1869)

= Ranunculastrum bulbiferum (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 17: 194 (1869)

= Ranunculastrum bulbosum (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 324 (1868)

= Ranunculastrum sparsipilum (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 324 (1868)

= Ranunculastrum valdepubens (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 17: 194 (1869)

= Ranunculus albonaevus Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 449 (1861)

= Ranunculus anemonerhizos Coincy; J. Bot. (Morot) 12: 1 (1898)

= Ranunculus brachiatus Schleich.; Cat. Pl. Helv., ed. 3. 24 (1815)

= Ranunculus bracteatus Schleich. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 41 (1824)

= Ranunculus bulbifer Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon sér. 2, 7: 448 (1861)

= Ranunculus bulbosus f. linearis F.Seym.; Fl. New England, ed. 2: 270 (1982)

= Ranunculus bulbosus f. macranthus (Sommier & Caruana) Lanfr.; P. J. Schembri & J. Sultana (ed.), Red Data Book Maltese Is.: 14 (1989)

= Ranunculus bulbosus subsp. bulbifer (Jord.) J.Neves; Contr. Portug. Ranunc.: 84 (1944)

= Ranunculus bulbosus subsp. bulboso-haarbachii Ces.; Car. Catt., 286 (1844)

= Ranunculus bulbosus subsp. cacuminalis (G.López) Muñoz Garm.; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 41: 477 (1984 publ. 1985)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. angustifolius Hallier; Hallier & Wohlf., 40 (1890)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. cacuminalis G.López; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 41: 474 (1984 publ. 1985)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. campestris H.Mart.; 97 (1817)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. decipiens Erdner; 564 (1911)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. dissectus Barbey

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. distans Erdner; 563 (1911)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. hirsutior Ortmann; Glückselig, 73 (1842), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. hispanicus Freyn; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 3: 932 (1880)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. intermedius (Blocki) Zapal.; 240 (1909)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. osiae P.Monts. ex G.López; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 41(2): 474 (1984 publ. 1985)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. petiolulatus (Foucaud & Simon) Briq.; Prodr. Fl. Corse 1: 619 (1910)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. pinniformis Zapal.; 240 (1909)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. podolicus Zapal.; 241 (1909)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. pygmaeus Hallier; Hallier & Wohlf., 39 (1890)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. sparsipilus (Jord.) P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 671 (2018)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. subbiternatus Zapal.; 240 (1909)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. valdepubens (Jord.) Briq.; Mont Vuache: 48 (1894)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. zbrucensis Zapal.; 240 (1909)

= Ranunculus cibiniensis Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 22 (1866)

= Ranunculus flabellatus Biv.; Sicul. Pl. 1: 68 (1806)

= Ranunculus hornemannii Schltdl.; Animadv. Bot. Ranunc. Cand. 2: 36 (1820)

= Ranunculus laetus Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 373 (1796)

= Ranunculus petiolulatus Foucaud & Simon; Herb. Corse: 170 (1898)

= Ranunculus pseudoaleae Rouy & E.G.Camus; G. Rouy & J. Foucaud, Fl. France 6: 460 (1900)

= Ranunculus rapaceus Bubani; Fl. Pyren. (Bubani) 3: 386 (1901)

= Ranunculus sparsipilus Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 448 (1861)

= Ranunculus tuberosus Hornem.; Hort. Bot. Hafn. 2: 527 (1815)

= Ranunculus valdepubens Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon ser. 2, 7: 451 (1861)

= Ranunculus villifer Jord.; Diagn. Esp. Nouv.: 82 (1864)

subspecies :

subsp. castellanus (Freyn) P.W.Ball & Heywood; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 66: 151 (1962)

Distribution: NW-Spain

12 SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus castellanus Boiss. & Reut. ex Freyn; M. Willkomm & J. M. C. Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 932 (1880)

species :

Ranunculus bullatus L.; Sp. Pl. 550 (1753)

Name: Herbst-Hahnenfuß (DE); Autumn Buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; Greece (rare W-Epirus, Kefalonia, SE-Peloponnisos, Kithira, Andikithira); Crete (widespread); Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; East Aegaean Isl. (Samos, Kos, Tilos, Kasos, Karpathos, Rhodos); Turkey (W-Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, W-Cyprus, N-Cyprus)

12 BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 GRC ITA KRI MLT PEL PTL SIC 20 ALG MOR TUN 34 CYP EAI TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ionosmanthus plantagineus Jord. & Fourr.; Icon. Fl. Eur. 2: 14 (1869)

= Ionosmanthus rhombifolius (Jourd. & Fourr.) Jord. & Fourr.; Ic. Pl. Europ. 2: 14 (1870)

= Ionosmanthus semicalvus (Jourd. & Fourr.) Jord. & Fourr.; Ic. Pl. Europ. 2: 14 (1870)

= Ranunculus bullatus subsp. supranudus (Jord. & Fourr.) Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 129 (1935)

= Ranunculus bullatus var. plantagineus (Jord. & Fourr.) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 994 (1941)

= Ranunculus bullatus var. supranudus (Jord. & Fourr.) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 994 (1941)

= Ranunculus plantagineus Jord. & Fourr.; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 139 (1964) [nom. inval.]

= Ranunculus rhombifolius Jord. & Fourr.; Brev. Pl. Nov. fasc. 1: 1 (1866)

= Ranunculus semicalvus Jord. & Fourr.; Brev. Pl. Nov. 1: 2. (1866)

= Ranunculus supranudus Jord. & Fourr.; Brev. Pl. Nov. 1: 1 (1866)

variant :

var. cytheraeus Halácsy; Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 54: 483 (1904)

Name: Kythera-Hahnenfuß (DE); Kythira Buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Greece (Kithira); Crete; Libya; East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos); Turkey; Cyprus

13 GRC KRI 20 LBY 34 CYP EAI TUR

Remarks: status uncertain, probably only a variety of R. bullatus fide Strid (2024)

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus bullatus subsp. cyrenaicus (Pamp.) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 139 (1964)

= Ranunculus bullatus subsp. cytheraeus (Halácsy) Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 129 (1935)

= Ranunculus bullatus var. cyrenaicus Pamp.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 26: 212 (1919)

= Ranunculus bullatus var. prolifer Gennari; Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1925: 101 (1925)

= Ranunculus cytheraeus (Halácsy) Baldini; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. London, Bot. 32(1): 10 (2002)

species :

Ranunculus bungei Steud.; Nom. Bot. Hort. 2: 432 (1841)

Distribution: China (Beijing, Hubei, Liaoning)

36 CHI

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. The concept of Chinese floras for this species is erroneous and too extensive fide Wiegleb & Bobrov.

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium bungei (Steud.) L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 28: 341 (1980)

= Batrachium bungei var. micranthum W.T.Wang; Guihaia 15(2): 105 (1995)

= Batrachium pekinense L.Liou; W. T. Wang, Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 28: 363 (1980)

= Ranunculus bungei var. micranthum W.T.Wang; Guihaia 15(2): 105 (1995)

= Ranunculus hydrocharis f. bungei (Steud.) Hiern; J. Bot. 9(100): 100 (1871)

= Ranunculus hydrophilus Bunge; Enum. Pl. China Bor. 2 (1833), non Gaudich. ex Mirb. 1825

= Ranunculus pekinensis (L.Liou) G.Dahlgren; U. Jensen & Kadereit (eds.), Syst. Evol. Ranunculiflorae (Pl. Syst. Evol. Suppl. 9): 306 (1995)

= Ranunculus pekinensis (L.Liou) Luferov; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada (Moscow), 175: 56 (1997), isonym

species :

Ranunculus bupleuroides Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 2: 365 (1804)

Distribution: N-Portugal; NW-Spain

12 POR SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus plantagineus Pers.; Syn. Pl. (Pers.) 2(1): 102 (1806)

species :

Ranunculus cacuminis A.Strid & Papan.; Ann. Mus. Goulandris 4: 221 (1978)

Distribution: N-Greece (Mt. Voras)

13 GRC

Remarks: alpestris agg.

species :

Ranunculus cadmicus Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 1: 65 (1843)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains)

34 CYP TUR

Remarks: cadmicus agg.

species :

Ranunculus caespitans (Hyl. & Nannf.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 79 (1992) 29(2): 135 (1992)

Distribution: Denmark; Sweden

10 DEN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. caespitans Hyl. & Nannf.

species :

Ranunculus caespitosulus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 135 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. caespitosulus Julin; Bot. Not. 131(3): 321 (1978)

species :

Ranunculus cajanderi (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 135 (1992)

Distribution: N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. cajanderi Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus calandrinioides Oliv.; Hook, Icon. pl. 19: t. 1828 (1889)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus calandrinioides var. glaberrimus Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 39: 39 (1948)

species :

Ranunculus californicus Benth.; Pl. Hartw. [Bentham] 295 (1849)

Name: California buttercup

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Oregon, Washington State); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus californicus var. austromontanus L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 62 (1948)

= Ranunculus californicus var. canescens Greene; Fl. Francisc.: 299 (1892)

= Ranunculus californicus var. crassifolius Greene; Erythea 1: 125 (1893)

= Ranunculus californicus var. cuneatus Greene; Fl. Francisc. 299 (1892)

= Ranunculus californicus var. gratus Jeps.; Fl. W. Calif. (Jeps.) 201 (1901)

= Ranunculus californicus var. rugulosus (Greene) L.D.Benson; Amer. J. Bot. 23: 30 (1936)

= Ranunculus canus Torr.; Pacif. Rail. Rep. 4: 62 (1857)

= Ranunculus dissectus Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 316 (1838)

= Ranunculus fascicularis S.Watson; Botany (Fortieth Parallel) 9 (1871)

= Ranunculus rugulosus Greene; Pittonia 2: 58 (1890)

species :

Ranunculus caliginosus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 135 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. caliginosus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus callianthus Molloy & Heenan; Phytotaxa 415(1): 42 (2019)

Distribution: New Zealand

51 NZL

species :

Ranunculus callimorphoides (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 135 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. callimorphoides Markl.

species :

Ranunculus callimorphus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 135 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. callimorphus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus calliodon (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 135 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. calliodon Markl.

species :

Ranunculus caloschistus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 135 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. caloschistus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus calvescens (H.Sm. ex Fagerstr. & G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 135 (1992)

Distribution: Norway; Sweden; N-European Russia

10 NOR SWE 14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. calvescens H.Sm. ex Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 17(3): 296 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus calvitorus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 672 (2018)

Name: Wrotham Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Kent)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus camerinus Dunkel; Stapfia 112: 11 (2021)

Distribution: Spain (Castilla y Léon, La Rioja, Burgos, Soria)

12 SPA

Remarks: auricomus agg., aragonensis group

species :

Ranunculus campanulatus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 135 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. campanulatus Julin

species :

Ranunculus canaster (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 135 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. canaster Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 29 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus canastriformis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 135 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. canastriformis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 30 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus cancrifolius (Rasch) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 135 (1992)

Distribution: Scandinavia

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. cancrifolius Rasch

species :

Ranunculus cangshanicus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 321 (1995)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus cantabricus Dunkel; Stapfia 112: 20 (2021)

Distribution: Spain (Castilla y León, Asturias, Cantabria)

12 SPA

Remarks: auricomus agg., boreoapenninus group

species :

Ranunculus cantabrigiensis A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 671 (2018)

Name: Backs Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Cambridge)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus cantoniensis DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 43 (1824)

Distribution: Siberia (Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Tuva); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye); Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (S- & W-Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, W-Hubei, Hunan, S-Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S-Shaanxi, Sichuan, SE-Yunnan, Zhejiang); South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Bonin Isl. (Chichijima, Hahajima); Taiwan; Pakistan (Lahore); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Odisha, Punjab, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand); N-Myanmar; Laos; Vietnam

30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KGZ TZK UZB 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR OGA TAI 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 LAO MYA VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Adonis pilosa (Lour.) Raeusch.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 3: 162 (1797)

= Hecatonia pilosa Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 1: 303 (1790) (not Ranunculus pilosus Humb. (1821))

= Ranunculus brachyrhynchus S.S.Chien; Rhodora 18: 189 (1916)

= Ranunculus diffusus Forbes & Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 23: 14 (1886) non DC.

= Ranunculus fibrosus Wall.; (Numer. List [Wallich] 167, no. 4706 (1831), nomen) ex Hook.f. & Thomson, Fl. Ind. 1: 37 (1855)

= Ranunculus japonicus f. hirsutus Makino; Iinuma, Somoku-Dzusetsu, ed. 2, 802 (1910)

= Ranunculus linearifolius Qureshi & Chaudhri; Pakistan Syst., 2(12): 19 (1978 publ. 1979)

= Ranunculus napaulensis DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 39 (1824)

= Ranunculus pensylvanicus subsp. napaulensis (DC.) Riedl; Kew Bull. 34(2): 364 (1979)

= Ranunculus polycephalus Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 7(10): 31 (1931)

= Ranunculus ternatus var. hirsutus Boiss.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 7: 594 (1899)

= Ranunculus trilobatus D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nep. 194 (1825), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus vernyi var. hirsutus (Boiss.) Koidz.; Fl. Symb. Orient.-Asiat. 78 (1930)

= Ranunculus vernyi var. japonicus Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 42: 20 (1928)

species :

Ranunculus canus Benth.; Pl. Hartw. [Bentham] 294 (1849)

Name: Sacramento Valley buttercup

Distribution: USA (California)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus blankinshipii (B.L.Rob.) A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 1: 40 (1904)

= Ranunculus californicus var. canus (Benth.) W.H.Brewer & S.Watson; Bot. California (W. H. Brewer) 1: 8 (1876)

= Ranunculus californicus var. laetus Greene; Fl. Francisc. 299 (1892)

= Ranunculus californicus var. latilobus A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 375 (1886)

= Ranunculus californicus var. ludovicianus (Greene) K.C.Davis; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 2: 476 (1900)

= Ranunculus canus var. blankinshipii B.L.Rob.; A. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1(1): 35 (1895)

= Ranunculus canus var. hesperoxys (Greene) K.C.Davis; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 2: 475 (1900)

= Ranunculus canus var. laetus (Greene) L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 68: 170 (1941)

= Ranunculus canus var. ludovicianus (Greene) L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 68: 171 (1941)

= Ranunculus hesperoxys Greene; Erythea 2: 189 (1894)

= Ranunculus longilobus A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 36 (1905)

= Ranunculus ludovicianus Greene; Bull. Calif. Acad. 2: V. 58 (1886)

= Ranunculus occidentalis var. canus (Benth.) A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 374 (1872)

species :

Ranunculus capellaensis P.Royen; Alp. Fl. New Guinea 3: 1307 (1982)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea, ?Irian Jaya)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus capensis Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap. 1: 94 (1794)

Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)

27 SAF

species :

Ranunculus cappadocicus Willd.; Sp. Pl. 2: 1326 (1799)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia)

33 GEO NCS 34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus ampelophyllus Sommier & Levier; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. (1893) 523, et Ser. II. 1: 9 (1894)

= Ranunculus ampelophyllus var. adjaricus Kem.-Nath.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 23: 30 (1963)

= Ranunculus ledebourii Lipsky; Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 4: 207. (1899)

= Ranunculus vitifolius Boiss. & Balansa; Boiss., Fl. Orient. Suppl.: 9 (1888) (non Royle, Ill. Bot. Himal.: 53 (1834))

species :

Ranunculus caprarum Skottsb.; Nat. Hist. Juan Fernandez & Easter Island 2: 123 (1922)

Distribution: Juan Fdz. Isl.

85 JNF

species :

Ranunculus cardiophyllus Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 1: 14 (1829)

Name: Heartleaf buttercup

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Saskatchewan); USA (Arizona, Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, New Mexico, South Dakota, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming); Mexico (Sonora)

71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus affinis var. cardiophyllus (Hook.) A.Gray; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1863: 56 (1863)

= Ranunculus apetalus Farr; Ottawa Naturalist 20: 110 (1906)

= Ranunculus arizonicus Greene; Pittonia 2: 60 (1890)

= Ranunculus arizonicus var. subsagittatus A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 370 (1886)

= Ranunculus cardiopetalus Greene; Ottawa Naturalist 16: 32 (1902)

= Ranunculus cardiophyllus f. apetalus (Farr) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 93: 645 (1966)

= Ranunculus cardiophyllus var. coloradensis L.D.Benson; Amer. J. Bot. 27: 804, tab. 1, fig. 7 (1940)

= Ranunculus cardiophyllus var. pinetorum Greene; Pittonia 4: 144 (1900)

= Ranunculus cardiophyllus var. subsagittatus (A.Gray) L.D.Benson; Amer. J. Bot. 27: 187 (1940)

= Ranunculus coloradensis (L.D.Benson) L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 150 (1948)

= Ranunculus nudatus Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 211 (1906)

= Ranunculus pedatifidus f. apetalus (Farr) B.Boivin; Canad. Field-Naturalist 65: 4 (1951)

= Ranunculus pedatifidus var. cardiophyllus (Hook.) Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 18: 265 (1891)

= Ranunculus subsagittatus (A.Gray) Greene; Pittonia 2: 57 (1890)

species :

Ranunculus carinthiacus Hoppe; Sturm, Deutschl. Fl., Abth. 19 46: [fol. 10]. (1826)

Name: Kärntner Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg); Switzerland; Austria; Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Bulgaria

11 AUT GER SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA SLV SRB

Remarks: breyninus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculastrum gracile (Schleich.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 324 (1868), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus carinthiacus var. austroorientalis Micevski; Prilozi Oddel. Biol. Med. Nauki Makedonska Akad. Nauk. Umet. 4: 130 (1983)

= Ranunculus gracilis Schleich.; Cat. Pl. Helv., ed. 3. 24 (1815), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus gracilis Schleich. ex Rchb.; 723 (1832), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus lebrunii Chouard; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 100: 360 (1953)

= Ranunculus montanus f. baldovinii Pamp.; 55 (1942)

= Ranunculus montanus subsp. carinthiacus (Hoppe) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 3: 565 (1912)

= Ranunculus montanus var. gracilis Frueth & Hallier; Hallier & Wohlf., 37 (1890)

= Ranunculus rigoi Huter; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 53: 494 (1903)

= Ranunculus velebiticus (Degen) Trinajstic; Suppl. Fl. Anal. Jugosl. 1: 8. (1973)

species :

Ranunculus carlittensis (Sennen) Grau; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamrnl. München 20: 13 (1984)

Distribution: N-Spain; Andorra; SW-France (Pyrenees)

12 ADO FRA SPA

Remarks: auricomus agg., carlittensis group

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus var. carlittensis Sennen; Diagn. Pl. Espagne Maroc: 137 (1936)

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. carlittensis (Sennen) Molero, J.Pujadas & Romo; Homenaje Pedro Montserrat (Monogr. Inst. Pirenaico Ecol. (Jaca), 4): 274 (1988)

species :

Ranunculus carnosulus (H.Sm.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 135 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. carnosulus H.Sm.

species :

Ranunculus caroli Christoph.; Acta Phytogeogr. Suec. 13: 186 (1940)

Distribution: Gough Isl.; Tristan da Cunha

91 TDC

species :

Ranunculus caroli-frederici (Fagerstr. & G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 135 (1992)

Distribution: Norway

10 NOR

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. caroli-frederici Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 19(1): 54 (1982)

species :

Ranunculus carolinianus DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 292 (1817)

Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia)

71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus carolinianus var. villicaulis Shinners; Field & Lab. 17: 84 (1950)

= Ranunculus hirtipes Greene; Ottawa Naturalist 16: 32 (1902)

= Ranunculus hispidus var. nitidus (Chapm.) T.Duncan; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 77: 44 (1980)

= Ranunculus hispidus var. nitidus (Elliott) T.Duncan; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 77: 44 (1980)

= Ranunculus nitidus Muhl. ex Elliott; Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 2: 60 (1821)

= Ranunculus palmatus Elliott; Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 2: 61 (1821)

= Ranunculus repens var. nitidus Chapm.; Fl. South. U. S.: 8 (1860)

= Ranunculus septentrionalis Poir.; Encycl. (Lam.) 6(1): 125 (1804)

= Ranunculus septentrionalis var. nitidus (Chapm.) Chapm.; Fl. South. U. S., ed. 2(Suppl. 2): 675 (1892)

= Ranunculus septentrionalis var. pterocarpus L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 68: 486 (1941)

species :

Ranunculus carpaticus Herbich; Sel. Pl. Rar. Gallic. 15 (1836)

Distribution: Slovakia; Romania; Ukraine (E-Carpathians)

11 SLO 13 ROM 14 UKR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus dentatus (Baumg.) Freyn; A. Kern. Sched. Fl. Austral. [Bentham] Hung. 5: 47 (1888)

species :

Ranunculus carpinetorum Hörandl & Gutermann; Bot. Jahrb., 121(1): 104 (1999)

Distribution: Austria

11 AUT

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus carsei Petrie; Trans. & Proc. N. Z. Inst. 56: 1 I (1926)

Distribution: New Zealand (North Isl.)

51 NZL

species :

Ranunculus cassubicifolius W.Koch; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 49: 553 (1939)

Name: Andersblättriger Kaschubischer Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern); Switzerland; N-Austria; Slovakia; NE-Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; W-Ukraine

11 AUT GER SLO SWI 13 CRO ITA SLV 14 UKR

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg., one of very few sexually reproducing members of auricomus agg. (see Karbstein et al. 2020)

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus carpaticola Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 224, in clavi, 231 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 402 (1965)

species :

Ranunculus cassubiciformis Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 224, in clavi, 232 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 402 (1965)

Distribution: Slovakia

11 SLO

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

species :

Ranunculus cassubicus L.; Sp. Pl. 551 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. cassubicus

Name: Kaschubischer Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria; Belarus; European Russia; Moldova; Siberia (W-Siberia); Kazakhstan

11 ger 13 BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS SLV SRB 14 BLR MLD RUS 30 SIB 32 KAZ

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus alliariifolius (Rchb.) Simonk.; Enum. Fl. Transsilv.: 48 (1887)

= Ranunculus ambiguus Schur; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 10: 252 (1860)

= Ranunculus auricomus Schltdl.; Linnaea 6: 577 (1831)

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. cassubicus (L.) Ces.; Car. Catt., 286 (1844)

= Ranunculus auricomus var. cassubicus (L.) Jess.; 429 (1879)

= Ranunculus fallax Schur; Verh. Naturf. Ver. Bruenn 15(2): 37 (1877)

= Ranunculus reniformis Gilib.; Fl. Lituan. 2: 269 (1782), opus utique oppr.

= Ranunculus subflabellatus (Schur) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 234 (1964)

= Ranunculus uplandicus Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992), nom. nov.

subspecies :

subsp. antae Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(1): 4 (1974)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

species :

Ranunculus catharinensis Lourteig; Sellowia 25: 257 (1974)

Distribution: S-Brazil (Santa Catarina)

84 BRA

species :

Ranunculus caucasicus M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 2: 27 (1808)

subspecies :

subsp. caucasicus

Distribution: Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)

14 KRY 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus astrantiifolius (Rupr.) Boiss. & Balansa; Boiss., Fl. Suppl. 11 (1888)

= Ranunculus astrantiifolius (Rupr.) Boiss. ex Trautv.; (1883) non Schur (1853)

= Ranunculus caucasicus var. astrantiifolius Rupr.

= Ranunculus osseticus Ovcz.; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 430, 743 (1937)

= Ranunculus transcaucasicus var. gigas Kem.-Nath.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 23: 33 (1963)

= Ranunculus transcaucasicus var. parviflorus Kem.-Nath.; Fl. Gruzii, ed. 2, 3: 240 (1975)

subspecies :

subsp. pavlii Elenevsky & Derv.-Sokol.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 23: 56 (1986)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus

33 NCS

species :

Ranunculus caulescens H.Eichler; Biblioth. Bot. 31: Heft 124, 83 (1958)

Distribution: Sulawesi

42 SUL

species :

Ranunculus cedercreutzii (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. cedercreutzii Markl.

species :

Ranunculus celebicus H.Eichler; Biblioth. Bot. 31: Heft 124, 81 (1958)

Distribution: Sulawesi; ?New Guinea (?Papua New Guinea)

42 SUL

species :

Ranunculus ceramensis H.Eichler; Biblioth. Bot. 31: Heft 124, 87 (1958)

Distribution: Moluccas (Seram)

42 MOL

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Ranunculus chalarocarpus W.Koch ex Dunkel; Forum Geobotanicum 10: 5 (2021)

Distribution: Switzerland (Aargau)

11 SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus changpingensis W.T.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 32(5): 475-477, f. 4: 1-3 (1994)

Distribution: China (Beijing: Changping Xian)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus chasii Dunkel; Monde Pl. 105(502): 13 (2010 publ. 2011)

Distribution: France

12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus cheesemanii Kirk; Fl. N. Zeal. 17 (1899)

Distribution: New Zealand (South Isl.)

51 NZL

species :

Ranunculus cheirophyllus Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 3: 7 (1913)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus kawakamii Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 19-20. (1911) (non Makino 1904)

species :

Ranunculus cherubicus (J.A.Sánchez Rodr., M.J.Elías & M.A.Martín) Fern.Prieto, Sanna, M.Pérez & Cires; Phytotaxa 239(3): 249 (2015)

subspecies :

subsp. cherubicus

Distribution: Spain

12 SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus bupleuroides subsp. cherubicus J.A.Sánchez Rodr., M.J.Elías & M.A.Martín; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 57(2): 402 (1999 publ. 2000)

subspecies :

subsp. girelai Fern.Prieto, Molero Mesa, Muñoz Díaz & Sanna; Phytotaxa 239(3): 249 (2015)

Distribution: Spain

12 SPA

species :

Ranunculus chilensis DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 286 (1817)

Name: Cáustico de vega, ranunculo [Chile]

Distribution: Peru; Argentina (Rio Negro); Chile (Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Rios, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes)

83 PER 85 ARG CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Casalea chilensis A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 8 (1824)

= Ranunculus berteroanus Phil.; Linnaea 28: 661 (1858)

= Ranunculus chilensis var. gayi Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 72 (1894)

= Ranunculus chilensis var. lasius Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 72 (1894)

= Ranunculus elatus Steud.; Flora 39: 405 (1856)

= Ranunculus protractus Steud.; Flora 39: 406 (1856)

= Ranunculus pubescens Bertero ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 435 (1841)

= Ranunculus sericans Steud.; Flora 39: 405 (1856)

= Ranunculus valdivianus Phil. ex Reiche

species :

Ranunculus chinensis Bunge; Enum. Pl. China Bor. 3 (1831)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; China (Anhui, Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, E-Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, W-Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, E-Zhejiang); E-Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea (incl. Cheju Isl.); Japan (Honshu); Bhutan; NE-Thailand; Laos

32 KAZ KGZ UZB 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO 40 BHU 41 LAO THA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus pensylvanicus var. chinensis (Bunge) Maxim.; Enum. pl. Mong. 1: 23 (1889)

= Ranunculus sceleratiformis Raikova; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada RSFSR 4: 171 (1923)

species :

Ranunculus chinghoensis L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 28: 361 (1980)

Distribution: China (N-Xinjiang)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus chionophilus Boiss.; Fl. 1: 38 (1867)

Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (Jbel Druze)

34 LEB SYR

species :

Ranunculus chius DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 299 (1817)

Name: Chios-Hahnenfuß (DE); Chios Buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread C- & S-Greece, rare N-Greece, also many islands); Crete; Crimea; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos, Kastellorhizo Isl.); Turkey (NW-Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, S-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, S-Iran, W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania)

12 COR SAR 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 KRY 33 AZE GEO 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus incrassatus Guss.; Fl. Sic. Syn. 2: 50 (1844)

= Ranunculus parviflorus subsp. chius (DC.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 15 (1882)

= Ranunculus schraderianus Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 4: 44 (1838)

species :

Ranunculus chlorellus (Nannf.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. chlorellus Nannf.

species :

Ranunculus chodzhamastonicus Ovcz. & Junussov; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Tadzh. SSR, 20(10): 52 (1977)

Distribution: Tajikistan

32 TZK

species :

Ranunculus chongzhouensis W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 35(5): 645 (2015)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus chopericus Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 80(7): 78 (1995)

Distribution: C-European Russia

14 RUS

species :

Ranunculus chrysoleptos Brodtb. & Dunkel; Kochia 4: 155 (2009)

Name: Feinblättriger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Rheinland-Pfalz); E-France (Alsace)

11 GER 12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus chuanchingensis L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 28: 362, t. 91, f. 5-6 (1980)

Distribution: China (S-Qinghai, NW-Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus cicutarius Schltdl.; Animadv. Ranunc. 1: 25, t. 4, f. 2 (1819)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus (Daghestan); Armenia; Azerbaijan; Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran)

33 ARM AZE NCS 34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus daucifolius Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 21(2): 270 (1848)

= Ranunculus hyrcanus Grossh.; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Azerbaidzhansk. SSR. 3: 450 (1947)

species :

Ranunculus cinereoviridis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. cinereoviridis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 31 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus circinans (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. circinans Julin

species :

Ranunculus circinatifrons (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; C- & NW-European Russia

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. circinatifrons Markl.

species :

Ranunculus circinatus Sibth.; Fl. Oxon.: 175 (1794)

Name: Spreizender Wasserhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: England (England, Wales, S-Scotland); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; ?Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Italy; ?Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Morocco; Algeria; Siberia (Altai); Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Georgia [Caucasus]; China (Gansu, Heilongjiang, Nei Mongol, N-Shanxi, N-Xinjiang, NW-Yunnan); Mongolia

10 DEN FIN GRB IRE SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG MOR 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 33 GEO 36 CHI 37 MON

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. All Ranunculus circinatus-like plants of North America plants belong either to R. longirostris or Ranunculus subrigidus. Also the records for eastern Asia are doubtful.

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium cespitosum (Thuill.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 722 (1821)

= Batrachium circinatum (Sibth.) Spach; Hist. Nat. Veg. 7: 201 (1838)

= Batrachium circinatum var. terrestre Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 359 (1916)

= Batrachium foeniculaceum (Gilib.) V.I.Krecz.; Fl. URSS 7: 338, t. 21, f. 1 (1937), basionym oppr.

= Batrachium rigidum (Pers.) Dumort.; Fl. Belg. [Dumortier] 127 (1827)

= Batrachium trichophyllum var. paucistamineum (Tausch) Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Horti Gothob. 13(4): 168 (1939)

= Ranunculus abrotanifolius Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. 1: 676 (1821)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. circinatus (Sibth.) Hook.f.; 5 (1870)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. rigidus (Pers.) Schübl. & G.Martens; 364 (1834)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. abrotanifolius Ehrh.; 20 (1790), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. abrotanifolius Wallr.; 283 (1822)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. rigidifolius Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: 303 (1823)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. rigidus (Pers.) Wimm.; Opiz, 344 (1826)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. stagnatilis (Wallr.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 27 (1824)

= Ranunculus capillaceus var. cespitosus (Thuill.) Pers.; 105 (1806)

= Ranunculus circinatus f. petiolatus Zapal.; 209 (1909)

= Ranunculus circinatus var. grandiflorus Zapal.; 209 (1909)

= Ranunculus circinatus var. ostroviensis Zapal.; 209 (1909)

= Ranunculus circinatus var. parviflorus Zapal.; 209 (1909)

= Ranunculus circinatus var. terrestris (Godr.) Vollm.; 273 (1914)

= Ranunculus circinnatoides Arv.-Touv.; Essai Pl. Dauphiné: 18 (1871)

= Ranunculus divaricatus f. terrestris (Godr.) E.Baumann; 324 (1911)

= Ranunculus divaricatus var. fluitans Gren. & Godr.; 25 (1847)

= Ranunculus divaricatus var. terrestris Gren. & Godr.; 25 (1847)

= Ranunculus divaricatus W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 1: 12 (1835)

= Ranunculus foeniculaceus Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 261 (1782), opus utique oppr.

= Ranunculus hydrocharis var. stagnatilis (Wallr.) Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 3: 2009 (1829)

= Ranunculus pumilus Poir.; Encyc. 6: 133 (1804)

= Ranunculus rigidus Pers.; Usteri, Ann. Bot. 14: 39 (1795), et Hoffm., 257 (1800), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus stagnatilis Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 285 (1822)

species :

Ranunculus clariflorus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. clariflorus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 11 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus claudiopolitanus Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 224, in clavi, 230 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 401 (1965)

Distribution: Romania

13 ROM

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Ranunculus clavicornis Dunkel; Forum Geobotanicum 10: 9 (2021)

Distribution: Switzerland (Bern)

11 SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus clavulifer (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. clavulifer Julin

species :

Ranunculus clethraphilus Litard.; Bull. Acad. Int. Geogr. Bot. 19: 94 (1909)

Distribution: Corsica

12 COR

Remarks: breyninus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus aurimontanus (Briq.) Guin. & R.Vilm.; Fl. France: 847 (1978) (comb. inval.)

species :

Ranunculus clivicola B.G.Briggs; Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales 84: 319 (1960)

Distribution: Australia (S-New South Wales: Mt Kosciuszko plateau)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus coacervatus Merr. & L.M.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 24: 39 (1943)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus cochlearifer Dunkel; Webbia 65(2): 198 (2010)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus codyanus B.Boivin; Canad. Field-Naturalist 65: 3 (1951)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Magadan, Chukotka); Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Québec, Yukon); USA (Idaho, Montana, Wyoming)

31 RFE 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. Often treated as ´R. confervoides´

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. codyanus (B.Boivin) B.Boivin; Phytologia 16: 252 (1968)

species :

Ranunculus coleophorus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. coleophorus Julin

species :

Ranunculus collanderi (Markl.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 79 (1992) 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. collanderi Markl.

species :

Ranunculus collicola Menadue; Brunonia 8(2): 373 (1986)

Distribution: Australia (C-Tasmania)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus collinus R.Br. ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 271 (1817)

Distribution: Australia (higher altitudes in New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus inconspicuus Hook.f.; Fl. Tasman. 1: 9, t. 2B (1855)

= Ranunculus rivularis var. inconspicuus (Hook.f.) Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 14 (1863)

species :

Ranunculus colonorum Endl.; Enum. Pl. Hueg. 1 (1837)

Distribution: Australia (SW-Western Australia: coastal plain and Darling Range from Yanchep to the extreme SW, along the S coast to Albany and the Porongurup Range)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus discolor Steud.; Lehm., PI. Preiss. 1: 263 (1845)

= Ranunculus lappaceus var. macrocarpellus Domin; Vestn. Kral. Cesk. Spolecn. Nauk, Tr. Mat.-Prir. II: 23 (1923)

species :

Ranunculus combertonensis A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 675 (2018)

Name: Comberton Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Cambridge)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus commemorans (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. commemorans Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 13 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus compar (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. compar Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 16 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus completus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 674 (2018)

Name: Rushden Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Hertfordshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus complicatus Kit.; Linnaea 32: 485 (1863)

Distribution: Hungary

11 HUN

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus latilobus Kit.; Linnaea 32: 485 (1863)

species :

Ranunculus compluridens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. compluridens Julin

species :

Ranunculus concavus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. concavus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 33 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus concinnatus Schott; Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl. 7: 182 (1857)

Distribution: Croatia; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania

13 ALB CRO KOS MNT SRB

Remarks: breyninus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus croaticus Schott; Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl. 7: 182 (1857)

= Ranunculus oreophilus subsp. concinnatus (Schott) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(1): 338 (1924)

= Ranunculus oreophilus subsp. croaticus (Schott) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(1): 338 (1924)

species :

Ranunculus concinnifolius (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. concinnifolius Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 33 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus concinnifrons (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. concinnifrons Julin

species :

Ranunculus concordans (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. concordans Markl.

species :

Ranunculus concretus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. concretus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 34 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus confervoides (Fr.) Fr.; Summa Veg. Scand.: 139 (1845)

Name: Algenähnlicher Wasser-Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Norway; Sweden; Finland; ?Germany (?Bayern); Estonia; Latvia; N-European Russia

10 FIN NOR SWE 14 EST LAT RUS

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium; probably only in Northern Europe. Records of this species from Asia and North America belong to small forms of the polymorphic Ranunculus trichophyllus or to R. codyanus

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus eradicatus (Laest.) F.Johansen; Canad. Field-Naturalist 48: 127 (1934)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. confervoides (Fr.) G.Lawson; Proc. & Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada 2(4): 45 (1884)

= Batrachium confervoides Fr.; Bot. Not. 1854: 121 (1854)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. eradicatus Laest.; Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. ser. 2, 1): 242 (1839)

= Batrachium eradicatum (Laest.) Fr.; Bot. Not. 1843: 114 (1843)

= Batrachium paucistamineum subsp. eradicatum (Laest.) Neuman & Ahlfv.; Sver. Fl.: 507 (1901)

= Batrachium paucistamineum var. eradicatum (Laest.) Gelert; Bot. Tidsskr. 19: 28 (1894)

= Batrachium trichophyllum subsp. eradicatum (Laest.) Á.Löve; Taxon 19: 300 (1970)

= Batrachium trichophyllum var. eradicatum (Laest.) Stefánsson; 109 (1924)

= Ranunculus flaccidus var. confervoides (Fr.) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 3: 584 (1912)

= Ranunculus hydrocharis f. confervoides (Fr.) Hiern; J. Bot. 9: 102 (1871)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus subsp. eradicatus (Laest.) C.D.K.Cook; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 6: 622 (1967)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. confervoides (Fr.) Schinz & Keller; Fl. Schweiz (Schinz) 193 (1900)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. eradicatus (Laest.) W.B.Drew; Rhodora 38: 33 (1936)

= Batrachium admixtum Nyl.; W. Nylander & A. T. Saelan, Herb. Mus. Fenn.: 35 (1859)

species :

Ranunculus confinis (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. confinis Markl.

species :

Ranunculus coniformis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. coniformis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 35 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus conjugens Markl. ex Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. petiolatus Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 82(4): 18 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus connectens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. connectens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus connivens Dunkel; Kochia 15: 130 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus consectus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. consectus Julin

species :

Ranunculus consimilis H.Eichler; Biblioth. Bot. 31: Heft 124, 75 (1958)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus conspicuidens A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 676 (2018)

Name: Lawshall Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Suffolk)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus conspicuus A.L.Ebel; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 105: 4 (2012)

Distribution: Siberia (W-Siberia)

30 SIB

species :

Ranunculus constans Haas; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 29: 7 (1952)

Name: Gleichmäßigblättriger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: +Germany (+Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. constans (Haas) R.Engel; Bull. Assoc. Philom. Alsace Lorraine 13: 77 (1968)

species :

Ranunculus constantinopolitanus (DC.) d´Urv.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 317 (1822)

Distribution: France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Albania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; NE-Greece (Nomos Evrou); Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Herat); Cyprus (N-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (N-Israel)

12 COR FRA SAR 13 ALB BUL GRC ITA SIC TUE 14 KRY 33 GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP IRN IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fibrillosus var. parviflorus P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 116 (1960)

= Ranunculus lanuginosus Boiss. & Buhse; Nouv. Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 12: 6 (1860) non L.

= Ranunculus lanuginosus var. constantinopolitanus DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 281 (1817)

= Ranunculus libanoticus Freyn; Mém. Herb. Boissier 13: 2. (1900)

= Ranunculus palaestinus Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 8: 4. (1849)

= Ranunculus tauricus Freyn; Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 1: 248 (1901) non Pall.

= Ranunculus villosus subsp. constantinopolitanus (DC.) Elenevsky; Novosti Sist. Vyss. Rast. 16: 116 (1979)

variant :

var. farsicus (Rech.f.) Mobayen & Maleki; Iranian J. Bot. 2(2): 119 (1984)

Distribution: S-Iran

34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus constantinopolitanus f. farsicus (Rech.f.) Parsa; Fl. Iran 2: 172 (1986) (with incorrect basionym ref.)

= Ranunculus farsicus Rech.f.; Anz. Oesterr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Nat. 89: 222 (1951)

variant :

var. villosus (DC.) Mobayen & Maleki; Iranian J. Bot. 2(2): 119 (1984)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey; Iran

33 ARM AZE NCS 34 IRN TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus villosus DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 283 (1817)

species :

Ranunculus contegens Dunkel; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 66: 27 (2014)

Distribution: France (Alsace)

12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus contiguilobus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 674 (2018)

Name: Priory Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Suffolk)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus convexilobus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 674 (2018)

Name: Pelham Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Hertfordshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus convexiusculus Kovalevsk.; Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii 3: 242 (1972)

Distribution: Kyrgyzstan

32 KGZ

species :

Ranunculus cordigerus Viv.; Fl. Cors. Prodr.: 8. (1824)

subspecies :

subsp. cordigerus

Distribution: Corsica; Sardinia; ?Italy

12 COR SAR

Remarks: sardous agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus sardous subsp. cordiger (Viv.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France 1: 109 (1893)

subspecies :

subsp. diffusus (Moris) Arrigoni; Boll. Soc. Sarda Sci. Nat. 22: 278 (1983)

Distribution: Corsica; Sardinia

12 COR SAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus philonotis var. diffusus Moris; Fl. Sardoa 1: 47 (1837)

species :

Ranunculus coriaceus W.Koch ex Dunkel; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 84: 18 (2018)

Distribution: France

12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus cornutus DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 300 (1817)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Kazakhstan; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Farah, Helmand, Kandahar); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); E-Saudi Arabia

11 ger 32 KAZ 33 ARM AZE 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR 35 SAU

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus lomatocarpus Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Ind. Sem. Horti Petrop. 1: 36 (1835)

= Ranunculus lomatocarpus var. psilocarpus Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Index Seminum (KALI, Regimontanum) 1845: [5] (1845)

= Ranunculus lorentii Hochst.; Lorent, Wanderungen, 338 (1845)

= Ranunculus rhynchocarpus Boiss.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 16: 355 (1841)

= Ranunculus tuberculatus C.A.Mey.; Verz. Pfl. Caucasus 202 (1831)

= Ranunculus cornutus var. leiocarpus (Boiss.) P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 156 (1959)

variant :

var. scandicinus (Boiss.) Ziffer-Berger & Leschner; Phytotaxa 151(1): 38 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (S-Jordania)

34 ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus trachycarpus var. scandicinus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 1: 55 (1867)

= Ranunculus scandicinus (Boiss.) P.H.Davis; Ark. Bot. ser. 2, 5 1: 143 (1960)

species :

Ranunculus cortusifolius Willd.; Enum. Pl. [Willdenow] 588 (1809)

subspecies :

subsp. cortusifolius

Name: Azores buttercup (EN); Kanaren-Hahnenfuß (DE); Morgallana (ES)

Distribution: Azores (Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); USA [I] (California [I])

21 AZO CNY MDR 76 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cortusifolius var. minor Lowe

= Ranunculus cortusifolius var. rupestris Webb & Berthel.

= Ranunculus cortusifolius var. silvaticus Webb & Berthel.; Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries (Phytogr.) 3 2(1): 8 (1836)

= Ranunculus cortusifolius var. villosus Pit.; Iles Canaries [Pit. & Proust]: 87 ´1908´ (1909)

= Ranunculus grandifolius Lowe; Trans. Cambess. Phil. Soc. 4: 38 (1831), nomen

= Ranunculus grandifolius var. minor Lowe

= Ranunculus megaphyllus Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 2: 434 (1841), nom. nov. for R. grandifolius Lowe

= Ranunculus teneriffae Pers.; Syn. Pl. (Pers.) 2(1): 103 (1806)

subspecies :

subsp. major (Lowe) Rivas Mart., Capelo, J.C.Costa, Lousã, Fontinha, R.Jardim & M.Seq.; Itinera Geobot. 15(2): 706 (2002)

Distribution: Madeira

21 MDR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus grandifolius var. major Lowe

species :

Ranunculus corylisinus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. corylisinus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 36 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus cosmophyllus Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. angustisectus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus cottanus Dunkel; Kochia 15: 63 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus crassicaulis (Demarsin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Belgium

11 BGM

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. crassicaulis Demarsin

species :

Ranunculus crassifolius (Rupr.) Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza 2: 119 (1930)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan

33 AZE GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus oreophilus var. crassifolius Rupr.; Fl. Cauc. 286, 20 (1869)

species :

Ranunculus crassilobus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 673 (2018)

Name: Carlton Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Cambridgeshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus crassipes Hook.f.; Fl. Antarct. 224 (1847)

Distribution: Macquarie Isl.; Heard Isl.; Macdonald Isl.; Iles Kerguélen

91 HMD KEG MAQ

Remarks: possibly to R. acaulis

species :

Ranunculus crassitruncus (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 136 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. crassitruncus Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus crassiusculus (Markl.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 79 (1992) 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. crassiusculus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus crassus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. crassus Julin

species :

Ranunculus crateris P.H.Davis; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 23: 131, t. 6 (1960)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: dissectus agg.

species :

Ranunculus crebridens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. crebridens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus crenatolobus Hörandl & Gutermann; Phyton (Horn) 37(2): 280 (1998)

Distribution: Austria

11 AUT

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus crenatus Waldst. & Kit.; Descr. lcon. Pl. Hung.: 1: 9 (1799)

Name: Gekerbter Hahnenfuß

Distribution: Austria; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; NW-Greece (Mt. Grammos); Ukraine

11 AUT 13 BIH BUL CRO GRC KOS NMA ROM SRB 14 UKR

Remarks: alpestris agg., crenatus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Hecatonia crenata (Waldst. & Kit.) Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 13 (1866)

= Leuconoe crenatus (Waldst. & Kit.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 323 (1868)

= Ranunculus kossuthii Pénzes; Borbásia 8: 4 (1948)

species :

Ranunculus crenifer (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. crenifer Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 37 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus crenifolius (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. crenifolius Julin

species :

Ranunculus crenulatus Dunkel; Forum Geobotanicum 10: 13 (2021)

Distribution: Switzerland (Genf, Solothurn)

11 SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus creticus L.; Sp. Pl. 550 (1753)

Name: Kretischer Hahnenfuß (DE); Cretan Buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Sifnos, Paros, Naxos, Amorgos, Thira, Anafi, Astipalea, Sirina); Crete (widespread); East Aegaean Isl. (Kalimnos, Nisyros, Simi, Tilos, Kasos, Karpathos); Turkey (SW-Anatolia); Cyprus

13 GRC KRI 34 CYP EAI TUR

species :

Ranunculus crithmifolius Hook.f.; Handb. N. Zeal. Fl. 6 (1864)

Distribution: New Zealand (Wairau River Gorge)

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus chordorhizos Hook.f.; Handb. N. Zeal. Fl. 723 (1867)

species :

Ranunculus crosbyi Cockayne; Rep. Bot. Surv. Stewart Island, 42 (1909)

Distribution: New Zealand (Stewart Isl.)

51 NZL

Remarks: status uncertain

species :

Ranunculus crucilobus H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 32 (1912)

Distribution: South Korea (Cheju Isl.)

38 KOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus crucilobus var. chrysotrichus Nakai; nomen

= Ranunculus japonicus var. crucilobus (H.Lév.) M.Kim; Korean Endemic Pl. 55 (2004)

species :

Ranunculus crymophilus Boiss. & Hohen.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Oricnt. 8: 6. (1849)

Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)

34 IRN IRQ TUR

species :

Ranunculus cryptanthus Milne-Redh. & Turrill; Kew Bull. 147 (1951)

Distribution: Uganda; Kenya

25 KEN UGA

species :

Ranunculus cuneaticans (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. cuneaticans Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 37 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus cuneifolius Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Petersbourg 23(2): 306-307 (1877)

Distribution: China (Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Nei Mongol)

36 CHI

variant :

var. latisectus S.H.Li & Y.H.Huang; Fl. Pl. Herb. Chin. Bor.-Orient. 3: 200, 230, f. 85, f. 3-4 (1975)

Distribution: China (SW-Liaoning)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus cuneilobus A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 7. t. 3 (1847)

Distribution: Ethiopia; Eritrea

24 ERI ETH

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus distrias Steud. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 7 (1847)

= Ranunculus cuneilobus var. distrias (Steud. ex A.Rich.) Engl.

species :

Ranunculus cupreus Boiss. & Heldr.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 8: 3. (1849)

Distribution: Crete (widespread)

13 KRI

species :

Ranunculus curvatus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. curvatus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 38 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus curvicaulis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. curvicaulis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 39 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus curvilobus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 671 (2018)

Name: Kibworth Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Leicestershire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus cyclocarpus Pamp.; Arch. Bot. (Forli) 12- 25 (1936)

Distribution: Libya (Cyrenaica)

20 LBY

species :

Ranunculus cymbalarifolius Moris; Stirp. Sard. Elench. 1: 2. (1827)

Distribution: Sardinia

12 SAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus balbisii Moris; Fl. Sardoa 1: 40 (1837) (nom. illeg.)

= Ranunculus breyninus subsp. sardous Ed.Schmid; Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 78: 246 (1933)

species :

Ranunculus cyprius (Boiss.) Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 132 (1935)

Distribution: Cyprus

34 CYP

Remarks: Status uncertain, cadmicus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cadmicus var. cyprius Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 1: 32 (1867)

species :

Ranunculus czimganicus Ovcz.; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 493, 747 (1937)

Distribution: Uzbekistan; Tajikistan

32 TZK UZB

species :

Ranunculus czywczynensis Jasiewicz; Fragm. Florist. Geobot. 2(1): 100 (1956)

Distribution: S-Poland

11 POL

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus dactylophylloides (Julin) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 79 (1992) 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. dactylophylloides Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 40(1980)

species :

Ranunculus dactylophyllus Borch.-Kolb; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21(1): 112 (1985)

Name: Gefingerter Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus daedalus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. daedalus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus dahlgreniae Zalewska-Gal., Wiegleb & Jopek; Acta Societ. Bot. Poloniae 92: 8 (2023)

Distribution: Crete (Lefka Ori)

13 KRI

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. Status as species confirmed by genetics; related to R. saniculifolius.

species :

Ranunculus dalehanensis Iranshahr & Rech.f.; Fl. Iranica 171: 160 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)

34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus procumbens Boiss.; Fl. Suppl. 14 (1888) (non Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 2, 16: 355 (1841))

species :

Ranunculus dalensis A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 673 (2018)

Name: Dales Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Derbyshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus damascenus Boiss. & Gaill.; Boiss., Diagn. ser. 2, 6: 5 (1859)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)

34 IRQ JOR LEB SYR TUR

Remarks: oxyspermus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus oxyspermus subsp. damascenus (Boiss. & Gaill.) P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 143 (1960)

= Ranunculus oxyspermus subsp. phrygius (Boiss.) P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 143 (1960)

= Ranunculus phrygius Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 1: 29 (1867)

species :

Ranunculus danubius Borch.-Kolb; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21(1): 91 (1985)

Name: Donau-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus dayiensis W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 35(5): 641 (2015)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus decandrus W.T.Wang; Guihaia 33(5): 585 (2013)

Distribution: Tibet

36 TIB

species :

Ranunculus decorifactus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. decorifactus Julin

species :

Ranunculus decorus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. decorus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(1): 16 (1974)

species :

Ranunculus decrescens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. decrescens Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 41 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus decurvus (Hook.f.) Melville; Kew Bull. 202 (1955)

Distribution: Australia (C-Tasmania)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Rammculus scapiger var. decurvus Hook.f.; Fl. Tasman. 1: 7, t. 2A (1855)

= Ranunculus concinnus (Hook.f.) Melville; Kew Bull. 201 (1955)

= Ranunculus scapiger var. concinnus Hook.f.; Fl. Tasman. 1: 7 (1855)

species :

Ranunculus defectiflorus (Rasch) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. defectiflorus Rasch

species :

Ranunculus defectus (Markl.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 79 (1992) 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. defectus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus deformis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. deformis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 42 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus degenii Kümmerle & Jáv.; Bot. Közlem. 19: 19 (1921)

Distribution: S-Serbia; North Macedonia; NE-Albania

13 ALB NMA SRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus degenii f. glabratus Micevski; Prilozi Oddel. Biol. Med. Nauki Makedonska Akad. Nauk. Umet. 5: 9 (1984)

= Ranunculus degenii f. pilosus Micevski; Prilozi Oddel. Biol. Med. Nauki Makedonska Akad. Nauk. Umet. 5: 8 (1984)

species :

Ranunculus deleniens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. deleniens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus delvosallei (Demarsin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Belgium

11 BGM

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. delvosallei Demarsin

species :

Ranunculus demarsinii Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Belgium

11 BGM

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. grandiflorus Demarsin

species :

Ranunculus deminuens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. deminuens Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 42 (1980)

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. dissimilis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 44 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus demissus DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 275 (1817)

Distribution: Spain; Montenegro; North Macedonia; Albania; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Iran (W-Iran); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); ?Pakistan (?Kurram)

12 SPA 13 ALB MNT NMA 34 IRN LEB TUR

Remarks: breyninus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus depressus Fisch. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. (Steud.) 678, nomen (1821)

= Ranunculus lapponicus Soleirol ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 1: 10 (1878)

= Ranunculus nivalis Lag.; Anal. Cienc. Nat. 5: 280 (1804)

= Ranunculus polyrhizus Soleirol ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 1: 10 (1878)

= Ranunculus pseudopsis Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon sér. 2, 7: 436 (1861)

= Ranunculus demissus var. major Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 1: 42 (1867)

species :

Ranunculus densiciliatus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 280-281 (1995)

Distribution: S-Tibet (Dinggyê Xian)

36 TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus densiciliatus var. glabrescens W.L.Zheng; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 37(3): 304 (1999)

= Ranunculus densiciliatus var. nyingchiensis W.L.Zheng; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 37(3): 303 (1999)

species :

Ranunculus densipilus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 675 (2018)

Name: Holbrook Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Suffolk)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus deripovae Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 80(7): 77 (1995)

Distribution: S-European Russia; Ukraine

14 RUS UKR

species :

Ranunculus dialeptus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. dialeptus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus dichotomus Moc. & Sessé ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 288 (1817)

Distribution: Mexico (Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz); Guatemala; Colombia (Putumayo); Ecuador; Peru

79 MEX 80 GUA 82 CLM 83 ECU PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus dichotomus var. limnobius Briq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 11-12: 178 (1908)

= Ranunculus palimbifolius Wedd.; Chlor. And. 2: 303 (1861)

= Ranunculus pinnatus Sessé & Moc.; Fl. Mexic., ed. 2: 135 (1894) non Poir.

= Ranunculus sodiroi H.Lév.; Bull. Acad. Geogr. Bot. 10: 209 (1901)

species :

Ranunculus dielsianus Ulbr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48(5): 621-622 (1913)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, NE-Yunnan); S-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus dielsianus Ulbr., Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Hort. Gotoburg. 13: 143 (1939), descr. ampl.

variant :

var. leiogynus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 291 (1995)

Distribution: China (NE-Qinghai)

36 CHI

variant :

var. longipilosus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 16(2): 164 (1996)

Distribution: China (NE-Yunnan)

36 CHI

variant :

var. suprasericeus Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Horti Gothob. 13(4): 144, f. 4, 18-19 (1939)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus suprasericeus (Hand.-Mazz.) L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 28: 278 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus diffusus DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 38 (1824)

Distribution: China (W-Yunnan, N-Yunnan); S-Tibet; Pakistan (Hazara, Murree, Azad Kashmir); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Punjab, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Myanmar (Chin, Sagaing); Vietnam; Java

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA VIE 42 JAW

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus decumbens Bertol.; Mem. Acad. Sci. Bolog. Ser. II. 5: 375 (1865)

= Ranunculus nepalensis Spreng.; Syst. Nat. 2: 655 (1821)

= Ranunculus diffusus var. incisus M.Tamura; J. Beobot. 26(3): 68 (1978)

= Ranunculus obtectus Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] 167, no. 4705 A (1831), nomen

= Ranunculus vitifolius Royle ex D.Don; Royle, Ill. Bot. Him. 53 (1834)

variant :

var. mollis (D.Don) S.K.Srivast.; Taiwania 55(3): 279 (2010)

Distribution: India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal)

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus hydrocotyloides Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] 167, no. 4703 (1831), nomen

= Ranunculus diffusus f. mollis (Wall.) Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 7(33): 231, 391. (1912)

= Ranunculus mollis Wall.; (Numer. List [Wallich] 167, no. 4704 (1831), nomen) ex D. Don in Royle, Ill. Bot. Him. 53 (1834)

species :

Ranunculus digitatifolius Jasiewicz; Fragm. Florist. & Geobot., Krakow 2: 1. 78 (1956)

Distribution: Poland; Bulgaria

11 POL 13 BUL

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. digitatifolius (Jasiewicz) Jasiewicz; Fl. Polski Rosl. Naczyniowe, ed. 2, 4: 73 (1985)

species :

Ranunculus digitatus Hook.; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 3: 124 (1851)

Name: Utah buttercup

Distribution: USA (Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus jovis A.Nelson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, 261 (1900)

species :

Ranunculus dilatatus Ovcz.; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 497, 747 (1937)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan

32 KAZ KGZ

species :

Ranunculus dimidiatus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. dimidiatus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 44 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus diminutus B.G.Briggs; Telopea 5(4): 583 (1994)

Distribution: Australia (SE-South Australia, New South Wales, NE- & SW-Victoria and Badger Isl., Bass Strait, Tasmania)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus dingjieensis L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 28: 362 (1980)

Distribution: S-Tibet (Dinggyê Xian)

36 TIB

species :

Ranunculus diodon Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. bidens Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 26 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus dirlovus Halamski; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon 185 (2024)

Distribution: Poland

11 POL

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus dispar (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 137 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. dispar Markl.

species :

Ranunculus dissectifolius F.Muell. ex Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 11 (1863)

Distribution: Australia (S-New South Wales: Mt Kosciuszko plateau)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus dissectus M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 2: 25 (1808)

subspecies :

subsp. dissectus

Distribution: Crimea; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

14 KRY 34 IRN TUR

Remarks: dissectus agg.

subspecies :

subsp. aragazii (Grossh.) Bulany & Derv.-Sokol.; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 91(6): 107 (1986)

Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan

33 ARM AZE

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus aragazii Grossh.; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Armenii 8(2): 83 (1948)

subspecies :

subsp. ermenekensis Kit Tan & Vural; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42: 61 (1984)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

subspecies :

subsp. glabrescens (Boiss.) P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 139 (1960)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Transcaucasus; Turkey

33 NCS 34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus huetii var. glabrescens Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 5: 8 (1856)

subspecies :

subsp. huetii (Boiss.) P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 137 (1960)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus bourgaei Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 1: 43 (1867)

= Ranunculus huetii Boiss.; Diagn. PI. Orient. ser. 2, 5: 7 (1856)

= Ranunculus lazicus Boiss.; Fl. Or. Suppl. (1888) 1 I

subspecies :

subsp. napellifolius P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 137 (1960)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Transcaucasus; Turkey

33 NCS 34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus napellifolius DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 282 (1817) (non Crantz, Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 2: 90 (1763))

subspecies :

subsp. rigidulus (Boiss.) P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 139 (1960), nom. illeg.

Distribution: NE-Turkey

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus huetii var. rigidulus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. Suppl.: 11 (1888)

= Ranunculus rigidulus Boiss.; Fl. Or. Suppl. (1888) 11, nom. illeg., non J. K. Fisch. 1861

= Ranunculus rigidulus (Boiss.) Bulany & Derv.-Sokol.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 24: 95 (1987)

subspecies :

subsp. sibthorpii P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 138 (1960)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus ponticus K.Koch; Linnaea 19: 46 (1847) (syn. subst.)

= Ranunculus sibthorpii Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 1: 7 (1854) (nom. illeg.)

= Ranunculus dissectus Aucher ex Tchich.; Asie Min., Bot. (P. A. Tchichatscheff) i. 378 (1860)

= Ranunculus aucheri Clemente ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. (Boiss.) 1: 43 (1867)

= Ranunculus camossianus Clemente; Mem. Acc. Sci. Torin. Ser. II. 16: 242 (1857)

= Ranunculus montanus Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prod. 2: 359 (1809)

= Ranunculus nivalis Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prod. 1: 382 (1809)

subspecies :

subsp. szowitsianus (Boiss.) Elenevsky & Derv.-Sokol.; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 91(6): 107 (1986)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

33 ARM AZE GEO 34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus crymophilus var. merovensis (Grossh.) Mobayen & Maleki

= Ranunculus merovensis Grossh.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 44(2): 212 (1927)

= Ranunculus szowitsianus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 1: 42 (1867)

species :

Ranunculus dissidens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. dissidens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus dissimilifolius (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. dissimilifolius Julin; Bot. Not. 131(3): 321 (1978)

species :

Ranunculus distans Wall. ex Royle; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. 1: 53 (1834)

Distribution: Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Baghlan, Herat, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Wardak, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Takhar); China (NW-Yunnan); S-Tibet; Pakistan (Waziristan, Kurram, Chitral, N. W. Frontier Prov., Swat, Hazara, Murree, Gilgit, Baltistan, Azad Kashmir); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Odisha)

32 KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG 36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus brevirostris Edgew.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 20: 28 (1846)

= Ranunculus distans var. latifolius Qureshi & Chaudhri; Pakistan Syst. 3(1): 14 (1987)

= Ranunculus laetus subsp. chitralicus Qureshi & Chaudhri; Pakistan Syst. 3: 14 (1987)

= Ranunculus laetus subsp. laetiformis Ovcz.; Fl. Tadzhikskoi SSR 4: 116 (1975)(without latin descr. or type)

= Ranunculus laetus subsp. pseudolaetus (M.Tamura) Ovcz.; Fl. Tadzhikskoi SSR 4: 116 (1975)

= Ranunculus laetus var. latifolius Qureshi & Chaudhri; Pakistan Syst. 3: 14 (1987)

= Ranunculus laetus Wall.; (Numer. List [Wallich] 167, no. 4702 (1831), nomen) ex D. Don in Royle, Ill. Bot. Him. 53 (1834), non Salisb.

= Ranunculus laetus Wall. ex Royle; (1839) (non Salisb. (1796))

= Ranunculus pseudolaetus M.Tamura; Acta Phytotax. & Geobot., Kyoto 19: 109 (1963)

species :

Ranunculus distendens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. distendens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus djuloeensis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. djuloeensis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 45 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus doerrii Borch.-Kolb; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21(1): 96 (1985)

Name: Dörr-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus dolichodon Dunkel; Kochia 15: 134 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus dolichodontus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 672 (2018)

Name: Thorneycroft Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Surrey)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus dolosus Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Hohenack., Enum. Talysch. 148 (1837)

Distribution: Iran (NW-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Ranunculus domingensis Urb. & Ekman; Ark. Bot. 22: A. No. 8, 23 (1929)

Distribution: Dominican Republic; Haiti

81 HIS

species :

Ranunculus dongrergensis Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Horti Gothob. 13(4): 157-158, t. 1, f. 8, 9 (1939)

Distribution: China (NW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); S-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

variant :

var. altifidus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 291 (1995)

Distribution: SE-Tibet (Mêdog Xian)

36 TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus altifidus (W.T.Wang) Luferov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 45: 147 (2014)

species :

Ranunculus donianus Pritz.; Walp. Rep. 2: 740 (1843)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Ciudad de Mexico, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz); Guatemala

79 MEX 80 GUA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus humilis D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 34 (1831)

species :

Ranunculus dregei J.C.Manning & Goldblatt; Bothalia 43(2): 190 (2013), nom. nov.

Distribution: Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho

26 MOZ ZIM 27 LES SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus meyeri Harv.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 1: 7 (1860)

species :

Ranunculus duciformis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. duciformis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 46 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus ducis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. ducis Julin

species :

Ranunculus duoxionglashanicus W.T.Wang; Guihaia 33(5): 585 (2013)

Distribution: Tibet

36 TIB

species :

Ranunculus dyris (Maire) H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Diol. l(2): 54 (1932)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

Remarks: breyninus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus geraniifolius subsp. dyris Maire; Bult. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 15: 71 (1924)

= Ranunculus dyris var. pseudobulbosus Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N.24: 195 (1933)

species :

Ranunculus dysandrus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. dysandrus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus dysanthus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. dysanthus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 47 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus effingens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. effingens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus egens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. egens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus eichleranus B.G.Briggs; Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales 84: 313 (1960)

Distribution: Australia (high altitudes in Victoria)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus elatior (Fr.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 79 (1992) 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus var. elatior Fr.; Nov. Fl. Suec. Alt. 38 (1839)

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. elatior (Fr.) Markl.; Fl. Fenn. 4: 90 (1965)

species :

Ranunculus elbursensis Boiss.; Fl. 1: 34 (1867) (elbrusensis)

Distribution: Armenia; Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, W-Iran)

33 ARM 34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus elbrusensis f. bungeanus (Boiss.) Parsa; Fl. Iran 2: 216 (1986)

species :

Ranunculus elegans K.Koch; Linnaea 15: 248 (1841)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan

33 ARM AZE GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus georgicus Kem.-Nath.; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Thbiliss., Fasc. 23, 33 (1963)

= Ranunculus grandiflorus subsp. davisii Elenevsky & Derv.-Sokol.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 16: 118 (1979)

species :

Ranunculus elegantifrons Hörandl & Gutermann; Bot. Jahrb., 121(1): 120 (1999)

Distribution: Austria

11 AUT

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus elenevskyi M.V.Sokolova; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 29: 69 (1993)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Kuril Isl., Sakhalin)

31 RFE

species :

Ranunculus elephantotis Dunkel; Kochia 15: 83 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus elisae Gamisans; Candollea 47(2): 305 (1992)

Distribution: Corsica

12 COR

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus ellipes (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. ellipes Markl.

species :

Ranunculus elymaiticus Boiss. & Hausskn.; Boiss., Fl. Suppl. 6 (1888)

Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)

34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus thala Mobayen; Mobayen & Maleki, Iranian J. Bot. 2 2: 123, f. 3 (1984)

species :

Ranunculus emersus (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. emersus Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus emmetrus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. emmetrus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus engelianus Dunkel; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 66: 26 (2014)

Distribution: France (Alsace)

12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus envalirensis Grau; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 20: 14 (1984)

Distribution: N-Spain; Andorra; SW-France (Pyrenees)

12 ADO FRA SPA

Remarks: auricomus agg., one of very few sexually reproducing members of auricomus agg. (see Karbstein et al. 2020)

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. envalirensis (Grau) Molero, J.Pujadas & Romo; Homenaje Pedro Montserrat (Monogr. Inst. Pirenaico Ecol. (Jaca), 4): 274 (1988)

= Ranunculus cebennensis Dunkel; Willdenowia 48(2): 237 (2018)

species :

Ranunculus enysii Kirk; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 12: 394 (1880)

Distribution: New Zealand (N-Canterbury to SW-Otago)

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus berggrenii Petrie; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 19: 325 (1886 publ. 1887)

= Ranunculus novae-zelandiae Petrie; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 26: 266 (1893 publ. 1894)

= Ranunculus novae-zelandiae var. repens Simpson & Thomson; (1942)

= Ranunculus poppelwellii Petrie

= Ranunculus tenuis Buchanan; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 20: 255 (1887 publ. 1888)

species :

Ranunculus epacrus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. epacrus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus erectidens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. erectidens Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 48 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus erectus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Denmark; Norway; Sweden

10 DEN NOR SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. erectus Julin; Bot. Not. 131(3): 321 (1978)

species :

Ranunculus eriorrhizus Boiss. & Buhse; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Nat. Moscou 12: 5 (1860)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, SW-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Ranunculus erythrogonius (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. erythrogonius Markl.

species :

Ranunculus eryuanensis Erst; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 112: 60 (2015), nom. nov.

Distribution: China (W-Guizhou, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus kunmingensis var. hispidus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 310 (1995)

species :

Ranunculus eschscholtzii Schltdl.; Animad. Ran. 2: 16. t. 1 (1820)

Name: Eschscholtz´s buttercup

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Kuril Isl., Magadan); Alaska; Aleutes; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Northern Territories, Yukon); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

31 RFE 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus eschscholtzii var. asiaticus Kom.

= Ranunculus eschscholtzii var. helleri (Rydb.) L.D.Benson; Amer. J. Bot. 23: 169 (1936)

= Ranunculus eschscholtzii var. hookeri G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 34 (1831)

= Ranunculus eschscholtzii var. hultenianus L.D.Benson

= Ranunculus helleri Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 29: 158 (1902)

= Ranunculus nivalis var. eschscholtzii (Schltdl.) S.Watson; Botany [Fortieth Parallel]: 8 (1871)

= Ranunculus ocreatus Greene; Pittonia 4: 15 (1899)

= Ranunculus pauperculus Ovcz.; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 398. 742 (1937), cum descr. ampl.

variant :

var. oxynotus (A.Gray) Jeps.; Fl. Calif. [Jeps.] 1: 537 (1921)

Distribution: USA (California, Nevada)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus oxynotus A.Gray; Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 68 (1874)

variant :

var. trisectus (Eastw.) L.D.Benson; Amer. J. Bot. 23: 170 (1936)

Name: Threesection buttercup

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Oregon, Utah, Wyoming)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus trisectus Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. 45: 394 (1910)

= Ranunculus eschscholtzii subsp. trisectus (Eastw.) F.J.F.Fisher, J.A.Rowley & C.J.Marchant; Compt. Rend. Séances Soc. Biogéogr. 50(438): 38 (1973 publ. 1974)

species :

Ranunculus euanthemus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. euanthemus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus eugyalus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. eugyalus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus eumorphus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. eumorphus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus euprepes (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 EST LAT LIT RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. euprepes Markl.

species :

Ranunculus euryanthes (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. euryanthes Markl.

species :

Ranunculus eurycaulos Lourteig; Mem. Soc. Cienc. Nat. La Salle 16: (Ranunc. Südamer. Trop.) 76 (1956)

Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz)

83 BOL

Conservation Status: known only from type

species :

Ranunculus eurycolpus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. eurycolpus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus euryphyllarius (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. euryphyllarius Markl.

species :

Ranunculus euthygrammus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. euthygrammus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus eversii (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. eversii Julin; Mem. Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 62(4): 120 (1986)

species :

Ranunculus evolutus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 138 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. evolutus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 49 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus excellentis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 139 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. excellentis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 49 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus excisus Dunkel; Kochia 6: 71 (2012)

Name: Ausgeschnittener Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Rheinland-Pfalz)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus exiguidens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 139 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. exiguidens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus exiguifrons (Cedercr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 139 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. exiguifrons Cedercr.

species :

Ranunculus eximius Greene; Erythea 3: 19 (1895)

Name: Tundra buttercup

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (Arizona, Idaho, Montana, Utah, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus eschscholtzii var. eximius (Greene) L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 68: 654 (1941)

= Ranunculus saxicola Rydb.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 164 (1900)

species :

Ranunculus expansus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 139 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. expansus Julin; Bot. Not. 131(3): 325 (1978)

species :

Ranunculus fagerstroemii (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 139 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; E- & NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 EST LAT LIT

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. fagerstroemii Markl.

species :

Ranunculus fallacifolius (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 139 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. fallacifolius Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 50 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus fallacillus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. fallacillus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 51 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus fallacior Dunkel; Kochia 15: 86 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus fallax (Wimm. & Grab.) Sloboda; Rostlinictvi: 679 (1852)

Distribution: Czech Republic; Slovakia; Corsica; Italy; Croatia; Bulgaria; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; European Russia; Moldova

11 CZE SLO 12 COR 13 BUL CRO ITA 14 EST LAT LIT MLD RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus var. fallax Wimm. & Grab.; Fl. Siles. 2(I): 128 (1829)

= Ranunculus fallax (Wimm. & Grab.) Schur; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 15: 37 (1877), isonym

= Ranunculus hegetschweileri Ducommun; Taschenb. Schweiz. Bot.: 18 (1869)

= Ranunculus ×fallax (Wimm. & Grab.) A.Nyár.; Savul. Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. 2: 586 (1953)

species :

Ranunculus farraensis Dunkel & Poldini; Webbia 71(2): 197 (2016)

Distribution: NE-Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus fascicularis Muhl. ex Bigelow; Fl. Bost. ed. I. 137 (1814)

Name: Early buttercup

Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)

71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus apricus Greene; Pittonia 4: 145 (1900)

= Ranunculus fascicularis var. apricus (Greene) Fernald; Rhodora 38: 178 (1936)

= Ranunculus fascicularis var. deforesti K.C.Davis; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 2: 470 (1900)

= Ranunculus fascicularis var. typicus L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 102 (1948)

= Ranunculus illinoensis Greene; Pittonia 5: 195 (1903)

= Ranunculus trifoliatus Muhl. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 436 (1841)

species :

Ranunculus fasciculiflorus H.Eichler; Biblioth. Bot. 31: Heft 124, 87 (1958)

Distribution: Moluccas (Seram)

42 MOL

species :

Ranunculus felixii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12(325-330): 281-282 (1913)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, N-Yunnan); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim)

36 CHI 40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus affinis var. flabellatus Franch.; Pl. Delavay. 19 (1890)

= Ranunculus taliensis Franch.; ex Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 305 (1931)

species :

Ranunculus fenzlii Boiss.; Fl. 1: 44 (1867), nom. nov.

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia)

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus lasiostemon Fenzl; Pug. Pl. Nov. Syr.: 15 (1842)

species :

Ranunculus feripes (Rasch) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. feripes Rasch

species :

Ranunculus ferocior Dunkel; Kochia 6: 83 (2012)

Name: Ungestümer Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus festivus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. festivus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus fibrillosus K.Koch; Linnaea 19: 47 (1847)

Distribution: Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus villosus subsp. fibrillosus (K.Koch) Elenevsky; Novosti Sist. Vyss. Rast. 16: 116 (1979)

species :

Ranunculus fibrosus Pomel; Bull. Soc. Sci. Phys. Algerie 11: 251 (1874)

Distribution: Morocco; Algeria

20 ALG MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus chondrodes Pomel; Bull. Soc. Sci. Phys. Algerie 11: 251 (1874)

= Ranunculus flabellatus subsp. fibrosus (Pomel) Maire

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. chondrodes (Pomel) Batt.

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. fibrosus (Pomel) Batt.; Fl. Algerie [Batt. & Trabut] Dicot.: 12 (1888)

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. nidulans (Pomel) Batt.; Fl. Algerie [Batt. & Trabut] Dicot.: 12 (1888)

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. ovatus Freyn; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 3: 924 (1880)

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. reesei Sennen

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. termieri Sennen & Mauricio

= Ranunculus nidulans Pomel; Bull. Soc. Sci. Phys. Algerie 11: 252 (1874)

= Ranunculus paludosus var. chondrodes (Pomel) Maire

= Ranunculus paludosus var. fibrosus (Pomel) Emb. & Maire

= Ranunculus paludosus var. nidulans (Pomel) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 180 (1964)

= Ranunculus paludosus var. ovatus (Freyn) Emb. & Maire

species :

Ranunculus filamentosus Wedd.; Chlor. And. 2: 301 (1861)

Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Tarija)

83 BOL PER

species :

Ranunculus filistolonifer W.T.Wang; Guihaia 42(1): 6 (2022)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus filusanus Dunkel; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 92: 18 (1954)

Name: Vilser Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus finodivisus Dunkel; Stapfia 111: 69 (2019)

Distribution: Slovenia

13 SLV

Remarks: auricomus agg., phragmiteti group

species :

Ranunculus fiorii Pignatti ex Soldano; Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Milano, 127(3-4): 216 (1986), nom. nov.

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus insubricus Pignatti; Giorn. Bot. ltal. 110: 211 (1976) (non Ces. 1838) (syn. subst.)

species :

Ranunculus firmicaulis (Markl.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 79 (1992) 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. firmicaulis Markl.

species :

Ranunculus firmulus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. firmulus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus fissifolius (Nannf. & H.Sm.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. fissifolius Nannf. & H.Sm.

species :

Ranunculus flabellaris Raf. ex Bigelow; Am. Monthly Mag. 344 (1818)

Name: Yellow water buttercup

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario, Québec); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, Wyoming)

71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus delphiniifolius f. rosiflorus Clute; Amer. Bot. (Binghamton) 34: 106 (1928)

= Ranunculus delphiniifolius f. submersus Glück; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 39(2): 328 (1923)

= Ranunculus delphiniifolius f. terrestris (A.Gray) S.F.Blake; Rhodora 15: 164 (1913)

= Ranunculus delphiniifolius subsp. terrestris (A.Gray) Piper; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 11: 272 (1906)

= Ranunculus delphiniifolius Torr. ex Eaton; Man. Bot., ed. 2: 395 (1818)

= Ranunculus delphiniifolius var. terrestris (A.Gray) Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Commiss. Parks Boulevards Detroit 11: 63 (1900)

= Ranunculus flabellaris f. plenus B.Boivin; Canad. Field-Naturalist 65: 4 (1951)

= Ranunculus flabellaris f. riparius Fernald; Rhodora 38: 171 (1936)

= Ranunculus flabellaris f. rosiflorus (Clute) G.Wilh. & Rericha; Michigan Bot. 55(3-4): 95 (2016)

= Ranunculus lacustris var. terrestris (A.Gray) MacMill.; Metasp. Minnesota Valley: 247 (1892)

= Ranunculus multifidus var. terrestris A.Gray; Manual, ed. 5: 41 (1867)

= Ranunculus subalpinus K.C.Davis; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 2: 474 (1900)

species :

Ranunculus flabellifolius Heuff. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 723 (1832)

Distribution: Serbia; W-Romania

13 ROM SRB

Remarks: auricomus agg., one of very few sexually reproducing members of auricomus agg. (see Karbstein et al. 2020)

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus var. flabellifolius (Heuff. ex Rchb.) Borza; Consp. Fl. Romaniae 1: 103 (1947)

species :

Ranunculus flabelliformis (Rasch) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. flabelliformis Rasch

species :

Ranunculus flabelloides (A.Nyár.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 234 (1964)

Distribution: Hungary

11 HUN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus var. flabelloides A.Nyár.

species :

Ranunculus flagelliformis Sm.; Rees, Cycl. 29: n. 13 (1814)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz); Guatemala; Costa Rica; Costa Rica; Panama; Dominican Republic; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Huila, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Putumayo, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Merida, Trujillo); Ecuador; Galapagos; Peru; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Tarija); NE-Brazil; WC-Brazil (Brasilia Distrito Federal); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Central, Cordillera, Paraguari); Uruguay (Canelones, Colonia, Maldonado, Montevideo, Rivera, Rocha, Soriano); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Cordoba, Argentina Distrito Federal, Entre Rios, Jujuy, Misiones, Neuquen, Salta, Santa Fe, San Juan, Tucuman); Chile (Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Rios, Los Lagos)

79 MEX 80 COS GUA PAN 81 HIS 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU GAL PER 84 BRA 85 ARG CLE PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Casalea flagelliformis (Sm.) A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 8. t. 11 (1825)

= Casalea flagelliformis var. lutescens A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 12 (1824)

= Casalea hederacea Mart. ex Eichler; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(1): 156 (1864)

= Ranunculus flagelliformis var. erectus Gay; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 69 (1894)

= Ranunculus hydrocotilis Dombey ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 251 (1817)

= Ranunculus implicatus Arechav.; Anales Mus. Nac. Montevideo, ser. 2, 2: 29 (1905)

= Ranunculus nubigenus f. subintegrus Steyerm.; Fieldiana, Bot. 28: 232 (1951)

= Ranunculus sarmentosorepens Steud.; Flora 39: 403 (1856)

species :

Ranunculus flammula L.; Sp. Pl. 548 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. flammula

Name: Brennender Hahnenfuß (D); Lesser Spearwort (EN)

Distribution: Iceland; Faeroe Isl.; England (England, Wales, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl., Isle of Man, St. Kilda Isl., Isles of Scilly); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; France; Channel Isl. (Alderney, Guernsey, Jersey); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; N-Greece (Mt. Falakron, Mt. Voras, Mt. Varnounda); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Morocco; Algeria; Azores (Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Pico, Flores Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Siberia (Altai, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia); Australia [I] (Victoria [I], Tasmania [I], New South Wales [I]); New Zealand [I]; Alaska; Canada (British Columbia, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Idaho, Massachusetts, Maine, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Utah, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin)

10 DEN FIN FOR GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG MOR 21 AZO MDR 30 SIB 32 KAZ 33 ARM AZE GEO 34 TUR 50 aus 51 nzl 70 ASK 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Remarks: flammula agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Flammula ranunculus Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 324 (1868)

= Ranunculus caespititius Dumort.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 7: 359 (1868)

= Ranunculus declinatus Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 270 (1782), opus utique oppr.

= Ranunculus filiformis var. hispidus Schwein.; W. H. Keating, Narrat. Exp. St. Peter´s River 2: 389 (1824)

= Ranunculus filiformis var. ovalis Bigelow; Fl. Boston., ed. 2, 224 (1824)

= Ranunculus flamma Gren.; Mem. Soc. Emul. Doubs, Ser. IV. 9: 389 (1875)

= Ranunculus flammeus Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 719 (1821 publ. 1822)

= Ranunculus flammula f. gracilis (G.Mey.) Zapal.; 216 (1909)

= Ranunculus flammula f. integrifolius Zapal.; 216 (1909)

= Ranunculus flammula f. natans Glück; 493 (1911)

= Ranunculus flammula f. pilosa Gamisans; Candollea 32(1): 59 (1977)

= Ranunculus flammula f. semimersa Glück; 337 (1923)

= Ranunculus flammula f. serratus (DC.) Zapal.; 216 (1909)

= Ranunculus flammula f. speciosus Ostenf.; Bot. Færöes 1: 74 (1901)

= Ranunculus flammula f. submersus Glück; 495 (1911)

= Ranunculus flammula f. terrestris Glück; 335 (1923)

= Ranunculus flammula subsp. tenuifolius (Wallr.) Hayek; 396 (1908)

= Ranunculus flammula subsp. unalaschensis (Ledeb.) Piper; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 11: 272 (1906)

= Ranunculus flammula var. alismifolius Glaab; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 11: 76 (1894)

= Ranunculus flammula var. angustifolius Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 289 (1822)

= Ranunculus flammula var. declinatus Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: 305 (1823)

= Ranunculus flammula var. heterophyllus Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: 305 (1823)

= Ranunculus flammula var. intermedius Boenn.; 165 (1824)

= Ranunculus flammula var. lancifolius Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: 305 (1823)

= Ranunculus flammula var. latifolius Wallr.; 289 (1822)

= Ranunculus flammula var. major Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 1: 11 (1829)

= Ranunculus flammula var. major Rhiner; 178 (1893), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus flammula var. numidicus Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 26: 185 (1935)

= Ranunculus flammula var. ovalifolius Wender.; 177 (1846)

= Ranunculus flammula var. ovalis (Bigelow) L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 305 (1942)

= Ranunculus flammula var. ovatus Günther, Grab. & Wimm.; 98 (1824), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus flammula var. polesicus Zapal.; 216 (1909)

= Ranunculus flammula var. pseudoreptans Syme; 34 (1863)

= Ranunculus flammula var. reptans Wender.; 177 (1846)

= Ranunculus flammula var. robustus A.T.Grimme; 77 (1958), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus flammula var. samolifolius (Greene) L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 306 (1942)

= Ranunculus flammula var. serratus DC.; 247 (1817)

= Ranunculus flammula var. strigulosus (Freyn) M.Peck; Man. Pl. Oregon: 302 (1941)

= Ranunculus flammula var. suberectus Syme; 34 (1863)

= Ranunculus flammula var. tenuifolius Wallr.; 289 (1822)

= Ranunculus flammula var. unalaschensis Ledeb.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 34(II): 41 (1862)

= Ranunculus flammula var. varians Blank.; Sci. Stud. Montana Coll. Agric., Bot. 1: 55 (1905)

= Ranunculus flammula var. vestiitus Zapal.; 217 (1909)

= Ranunculus flammulae Krock.; Fl. Siles. (Krock.) 2(1): 248 (1790)

= Ranunculus flammuloides Raf. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 32 (1824)

= Ranunculus idionanthus Gand.; Fl. Lyon.: 37 (1875)

= Ranunculus petiolaris E.S.Marshall; J. Bot. 289 (1892) non Kunth ex DC.

= Ranunculus reptans var. ovalis (Bigelow) Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1: 16 (1838)

= Ranunculus reptans var. samolifolius (Greene) L.D.Benson; Amer. J. Bot. 23: 171 (1936)

= Ranunculus reptans var. strigulosus Freyn; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 8: 181 (1890)

= Ranunculus samolifolius Greene; Pittonia 3: 13 (1896)

= Ranunculus telonensis Robert ex Biria; Hist. Nat. Renonc.: 37 (1811)

= Ranunculus unalaschcensis Besser ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.) 1(1): 32 (1841)

subspecies :

subsp. minimus Padmore; Watsonia 4: 21 (1957)

Distribution: England (NE-Scotland, Outer Hebrides)

10 GRB

subspecies :

subsp. scoticus (E.S.Marshall) Clapham; Fl. Brit. Isles: 91 (1952)

Distribution: England (Scotland, Outer Hebrides)

10 GRB

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus scoticus E.S.Marshall; Ann. Scott. Nat. Hist. 1898: 122 (1898)

species :

Ranunculus flavidus (Hand.-Mazz.) R.R.Stewart; Fl. W. Pakistan 270 (1972)

Distribution: China (Qinghai, Gansu, NW-Sichuan); Tibet; N-Pakistan; Nepal; NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)

36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP PAK

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. A high altitude species possibly overlooked sometimes.

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium bungei var. flavidum (Hand.-Mazz.) L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 28: 341, t. 106: 9-10 (1980)

= Batrachium flavidum Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Horti Gothob. 13(4): 168-169 (1939)

= Ranunculus flavidus (Hand.-Mazz.) C.D.K.Cook; Watsonia 5: 297 (1963), in adnot.

species :

Ranunculus fluitans Lam.; Fl. Franc. 3: 184 (1779)

Name: Flutender Wasser-Hahnenfuß (DE); Ranunculo flotante (ES)

Distribution: England (England, Wales, Scotland); Ireland (Northern Ireland); Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, +Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; ?Bulgaria; Belarus; Ukraine; Canary Isl. [I] (Gran Canaria [I], Tenerife [I])

10 GRB IRE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 COR FRA SAR 13 BIH CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR UKR 21 cny

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium fluitans (Lam.) Wimm.; Fl. Schlesien: 9 (1840)

= Batrachium fluviatile (Weber) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 722 (1821 publ. 1822)

= Batrachium peucedanifolium (Ehrh.) Dumort.; Fl. Belg. [Dumortier] 127 (1827)

= Batrachium pumilum Nyman; Bot. Notiser (1852), 98

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. fluviatilis (Lam.) Hook.f.; 5 (1870)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. peucedanifolius Ehrh.; Hannover. Mag. 18: 225 (1780)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. fluviatilis (Roth) Merrem; 259 (1809)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. fluviatilis With.; Arr. Brit. Pl. ed. 3, 2: 507 (1796)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. peucedanifolius (All.) DC.; 27 (1824)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. peucedanifolius Schumach.; 171 (1801)

= Ranunculus flabellifolius Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France 1: 69 (1893)

= Ranunculus fluentorum Rouy; G. Rouy & J. Foucaud, Fl. France 4: 292 (1897)

= Ranunculus fluitans f. mappii Godr.; 30 (1840), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus fluitans f. minor Dusén; Ergebn. Schwed. Exp. Magell. 3(5): 183 (1900)

= Ranunculus fluitans f. tenuifolius Godr.; 30 (1840)

= Ranunculus fluitans f. terrestris Bech. & Gyhr; 8 (1921)

= Ranunculus fluitans subsp. lamarckii (Wirtg.) Gremli; 71 (1874)

= Ranunculus fluitans var. fluviatilis (Weber) Godr.; 29 (1840), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus fluitans var. mappii Hagenb.; 71 (1834)

= Ranunculus fluitans var. peucedanifolius (All.) Syme; 18 (1863)

= Ranunculus fluitans var. terrestris Godr.; 30 (1840), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus fluviatilis Weber; Prim. Fl. Holsat. 42 (1780), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus fluviatilis Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4, 2: 1333 (1799), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus hydrocharis var. peucedanifolius (All.) Spenn.; 1009 (1829)

= Ranunculus lamarckii Wirtg.; 15 (1857), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus pantothrix var. peucedanifolius (All.) DC.; 235 (1817)

= Ranunculus peucedanifolius (Ehrh.) All.; Fl. Pedem. 2: 53 (1785)

= Ranunculus rigidus Godr.; Mém. Soc. Roy. Sci. Nancy 1839: 41 (1840)

species :

Ranunculus foliosus Kirk; Fl. N. Zeal. 14 (1899)

Distribution: New Zealand (North Isl., South Isl.)

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus insertus G.Simpson; Trans. & Proc. Roy. Soc. N. Z. 79: 421 (1952)

= Ranunculus lappaceus var. villosus Kirk; (1899)

= Ranunculus porrectus G.Simpson; Trans. & Proc. Roy. Soc. N. Z. 75: 187 (1945)

= Ranunculus subscaposus var. canterburiensis J.B.Armstr.; (1881)

species :

Ranunculus fontanus C.Presl; J. Presl & C. Presl, Delic. Prag.: 6. (1822)

Distribution: Corsica; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; Greece (mountains of NC- & NE-Greece); Crete (Dikti)

12 COR 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA SIC SRB

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus ophioglossifolius subsp. fontanus (C.Presl) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(1): 335 (1924)

= Ranunculus erinifolius Ten.; Syll. Pl. Fl. Neapol.: 273 (1831)

species :

Ranunculus formosa-montanus Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. & Geobot. 2: 154 (1933)

Distribution: Japan (Yakushima Isl.); Taiwan (Nanhu Dashan)

38 JAP NNS TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus japonicus var. yakushimensis (Makino) Yamam.; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 3: 30 (1927)

= Ranunculus matsudae Hayata ex Masam.; J. Soc. Trop. Agric. 6: 570 (1934)

= Ranunculus yakushimensis (Makino) Masam.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 43: 251 (1929)

species :

Ranunculus forreri Greene; Pittonia 1: 154 (1888)

Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Sonora)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus forreri var. madrensis (Rose) L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 144 (1948)

= Ranunculus madrensis Rose; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 5: 199, tab. 25 (1899)

= Ranunculus pentodontus Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 17: 247 (1937)

species :

Ranunculus forrestii (Hand.-Mazz.) Erst; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 112: 60 (2015)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus felixii var. forrestii Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Horti Gothob. 13(4): 142-143 (1939)

species :

Ranunculus forstfeldensis R.Engel ex Dunkel; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 66: 24 (2014)

Distribution: France (Alsace)

12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus fraelensis Dunkel; Webbia 65(2): 186 (2010)

Distribution: N-Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus fragifer W.Koch ex Dunkel; Bauhinia 23: 37 (2011)

Distribution: W-Switzerland

11 SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus fragilis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. fragilis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 53 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus franchetii H.Boissieu; Bull. Herb. Boissier 7: 591 (1899)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, E-Liaoning); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido)

31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus polyrhizus var. major Maxim.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 20 (1859)

= Ranunculus ussuriensis Kom.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada RSFSR 6: 7 (1926)

= Ranunculus franchetii var. hallasanensis Y.N.Lee; Bull. Korea Pl. Res. 7: 2 (2007)

species :

Ranunculus franconicus Dunkel; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 85: 44 (2015)

Name: Fränkischer Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Thüringen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus fraternus Schrenk ex Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Enum. Pl. Nov. 1: 103 (1841)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; China (W-Xinjiang)

32 KAZ KGZ 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus altaicus var. fraternus (Schrenk) Trautv.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 33: 70 (1860)

species :

Ranunculus frigidurbis H.J.Lam; Blumea 5: 586 (1945)

Distribution: Sulawesi

42 SUL

species :

Ranunculus fucoides Freyn; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 912 (1880)

Distribution: Spain; Portugal

12 POR SPA

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. R. fucoides is a distinct species fide Jopek et al. (2023) and not to be included in R. saniculifolius.

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium circinatum subsp. fucoides (Freyn) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 10 (1889)

= Batrachium fucoides (Freyn) Holub; Preslia 70(2): 100 (1998)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. fucoides (Freyn) O.Bolòs, Vigo, Masalles & Ninot; Fl. Man. Països Catalans: 1215 (1990)

= Ranunculus peltatus subsp. fucoides (Freyn) Muñoz Garm.; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 41: 477 (1985)

species :

Ranunculus fuegianus Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 5: 43, pl. 3, fig. A (1896)

Distribution: Argentina (Santa Cruz, San Juan, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Coquimbo, Aisén, Magallanes)

85 ARG CLE

species :

Ranunculus furcatifidus W.T.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 32(5): 478-479, f. 5 (1994)

Distribution: China (NW-Hebei, SW-Nei Mongol, Qinghai, W-Sichuan, S-Xinjiang, NW-Yunnan); Tibet

36 CHI TIB

species :

Ranunculus furvellus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. furvellus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(2): 10 (1975)

species :

Ranunculus fuscinus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. fuscinus Julin

species :

Ranunculus fuscus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. fuscus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 53 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus gainanensis P.Royen; Alp. Fl. New Guinea 3: 1326 (1982)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea, ?Irian Jaya)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus galbanus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. galbanus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus ganeschinii Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 80(7): 79 (1995)

Distribution: NW-European Russia

14 RUS

variant :

var. lugensis Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 30: 70 (1996)

Distribution: NW-European Russia

14 RUS

species :

Ranunculus garganicus Ten.; Sem. Hort. Neapol. 1830: 13 (1830)

Distribution: France; Italy; ?Sicily; Croatia; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; NW-Greece (Kerkyra, Epirus, Lefkada, northeast to Mt. Voras)

12 FRA 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA SRB

Remarks: millefoliatus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus spreitzenhoferi Heldr.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 28: 50 (1878)

= Ranunculus canuti Coss. ex Ardoino; Fl. Anal. Alpes-Mar.: 16 (1867)

species :

Ranunculus gayeri Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 224, in clavi, 231 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 402 (1965)

Distribution: Austria; Slovakia; Ukraine

11 AUT SLO 14 UKR

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus geissertii R.Engel ex Dunkel; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 66: 14 (2014)

Distribution: France (Alsace)

12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus geminatus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. geminatus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(1): 19 (1974)

species :

Ranunculus genevensis Dunkel; Forum Geobotanicum 10: 16 (2021)

Distribution: Switzerland (Genf); France (Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes, Haute-Savoie)

11 SWI 12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus gentryanus L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 145 (1948)

Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Chihuahua)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus gentryanus var. palmeri L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 146 (1948)

species :

Ranunculus geraniiformis Dunkel; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 86: 24 (2016), nom. nov.

Name: Storchschnabel-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus geranioides Dunkel; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 85: 49 (2015), non Kunth 1821

species :

Ranunculus geranioides Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 5: 44 (1821)

Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Caldas, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Huila, Meta, Quindío, Risaralda, Tolima, Valle); Ecuador; Peru

80 COS PAN 82 CLM 83 ECU PER

species :

Ranunculus gharuensis Iranshahr & Rech.f.; Fl. Iran., 171: 147 (1992)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Ghazni, Kabul, Logar, Parwan)

34 AFG

species :

Ranunculus giordanoi F.Conti & Bartolucci; Nordic J. Bot. 35(3): 322 (2017)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

species :

Ranunculus glaberrimus Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 1: 12 (1829)

Name: Sagebrush buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington State)

71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Beckwithia austinae (Greene) Jeps.; Erythea 6: 97 (1898)

= Ranunculus austinae Greene; Erythea 3: 44 (1895)

= Ranunculus cusickii M.E.Jones; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 2, 5: 615 (1895)

variant :

var. ellipticus (Greene) Greene; Fl. Francisc. 298 (1892)

Name: Elliptical buttercup

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Saskatchewan); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus brevicaulis Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 1: 13 (1829)

= Ranunculus buddii B.Boivin; Canad. Field-Nat. 65: 3(1951)

= Ranunculus buddii f. monochlamydeus B.Boivin; Canad. Field-Naturalist 65: 3, tab (1951)

= Ranunculus collomae L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 299 (1942)

= Ranunculus ellipticus Greene; Pittonia 2: 110 (1890)

= Ranunculus glaberrimus f. monochlamydeus (B.Boivin) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 87: 46 (1960)

= Ranunculus glaberrimus var. buddii (B.Boivin) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 87: 46 (1960)

= Ranunculus waldronii Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 12 (1913)

species :

Ranunculus glabricaulis (Hand.-Mazz.) L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 28: 298, t. 90, f. 6 (1980)

Distribution: China (C-Gansu); E-Tibet; Nepal

36 CHI TIB 40 NEP

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus hirtellus var. glabricaulis Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Horti Gothob. 13(4): 151-152 (1939)

variant :

var. viridisepalus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(2): 178 (1995)

Distribution: China (C-Gansu)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus glabrifolius Hook.; J. Bot. [Hooker] 1: 243 (1834)

Distribution: Australia (SE-South Australia, S-Victoria, Tasmania); New Zealand; Chatham Isl.

50 AUS 51 CTM NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus glabrifolius var. gracilior Hook.; Companion Bot. Mag. 1: 273 (1836)

= Ranunculus incisus Hook.f.; Bot. Antarct. Voy. II. (Fl. Nov.-Zel.). 1: 10 (1852)

= Ranunculus rivularis Biehler; Pl. Nov. Herb. Spreng.: 25 (1807)

= Ranunculus rivularis var. major Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 14 (1863)

species :

Ranunculus glabritorus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. glabritorus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 54 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus glacialiformis Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Horti Gothob. 13(4): 153-154, pl. 1, 12-13 (1939)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); Pakistan (Dras)

36 CHI 40 PAK

species :

Ranunculus glacialis L.; Sp. Pl. 553 (1753)

Name: Gletscher-Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Iceland; Jan Mayen; Svalbard; Faeroe Isl.; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Romania; N-European Russia

10 FIN FOR ICE JMY NOR SVA SWE 11 AUT GER LIE POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ITA ROM 14 RUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Beckwithia glacialis (L.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Acta Hort. Gotoburg. 20: 142 (1956)

= Hecatonia glacialis (L.) Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 12 (1866)

= Oxygraphis gelidus (Hoffmanns.) O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 100 (1949)

= Oxygraphis glacialis (L.) Dalla Torre; Alpenfl. 102 (1899)

= Oxygraphis vulgaris Freyn; Flora 71: 141 (1887), et in Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 13: 92 (1895)

= Ranunculus crithmifolius Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 1: 10 (1878)

= Ranunculus eriocalyx Scheele; Flora 26: 301 (1843)

= Ranunculus gelidus Hoffmanns. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 720 (1832)

= Ranunculus glacialis f. gierlachensis Zapal.; 210 (1909)

= Ranunculus glacialis f. luxurians Vacc. & Melly; Melly, 52 (1906)

= Ranunculus glacialis var. aconitoides Gaudin; 528 (1828)

= Ranunculus glacialis var. crithmifolius Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 2: 720 (1832)

= Ranunculus glacialis var. gelidus Hoffm. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 2: 720 (1832)

= Ranunculus glacialis var. holosericeus Gaudin; 528 (1828)

= Ranunculus glacialis var. minimus Gaudin; 528 (1828)

= Ranunculus roseus Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz, 540 (1839)

variant :

var. camissonis (Schltdl.) L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 226 (1948)

Name: Glacier buttercup

Distribution: Russian Far East (Magadan); Alaska

31 RFE 70 ASK

Synonyms: hidden

= Beckwithia camissonis (Schltdl.) Tolm.; Arktich. Fl. SSSR. 6: 178 (1971)

= Beckwithia glacialis subsp. camissonis (Schltdl.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128(4): 512 (1975) (1976)

= Oxygraphis camissonis (Schltdl.) Freyn; Flora 70: 141 (1887)

= Ranunculus camissonis Schltdl.; Animadv. Bot. Ranunc. Cand. 1: 12 (-13

= Ranunculus chamissoi Spreng.; Syst. Nat. 2: 650 (1821)

= Ranunculus glacialis subsp. alaskensis Jurtzev; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 6(1): 19 (2012)

= Ranunculus glacialis subsp. camissonis (Schltdl.) Hultén; Acta Univ. Lund. 2 40: 753 (1944)

species :

Ranunculus glaphyranthus (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. glaphyranthus Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus glareosus Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7(2): 307 (1931)

Distribution: China (Qinghai, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus glareosus Hand.-Mazz., Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Hort. Gotoburg. 13: 159 (1939), descr. ampl.

species :

Ranunculus glaucescens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. glaucescens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus glaucus (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. glaucus Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus glechomoides (Hyl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. glechomoides Hyl.

species :

Ranunculus glechomus Dunkel; Stapfia 111: 56 (2019)

Distribution: Slovenia

13 SLV

Remarks: auricomus agg., notabilis group. Diploid sexual species.

species :

Ranunculus globosus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. globosus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 55 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus glomifolius (Rasch) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. glomifolius Rasch

species :

Ranunculus glossophorus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. glossophorus Julin

species :

Ranunculus gmelinii DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 303 (1817)

Name: Gmelin´s buttercup

Distribution: N-European Russia; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, NE-Nei Mongol); Mongolia; Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Colorado, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wisconsin, Wyoming)

14 RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 36 CHI 37 MON 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fauriei H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 101 (1909)

= Ranunculus gmelinii f. hookeri Brayshaw; Buttercups, Waterlilies Brit. Columb. 142 (1989)

= Ranunculus gmelinii f. prolificus (Fernald) Brayshaw; Buttercups, Waterlilies Brit. Columb. 5 (1989)

= Ranunculus gmelinii f. purshii (Richardson) Fassett; Trans. Wisconsin Acad. Sci. 38: 203 (1946)

= Ranunculus gmelinii subsp. purshii (Richardson) Hultén; Fl. Alaska & Yukon 4: 756 (1944)

= Ranunculus gmelinii var. hookeri (G.Don) L.D.Benson; Contr. Fl. Idaho Leafl. 22: 25 (1948)

= Ranunculus gmelinii var. limosus (Nutt.) H.Hara; Rhodora 41: 386 (1939)

= Ranunculus gmelinii var. prolificus (Fernald) H.Hara; Rhodora 41: 386 (1939)

= Ranunculus gmelinii var. purshii (Richardson) H.Hara; Rhodora 41: 386 (1939)

= Ranunculus gmelinii var. schizanthus (Lunell) L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 315 (1942)

= Ranunculus gmelinii var. terrestris (Ledeb.) L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 313 (1942)

= Ranunculus gmelinii var. yukonensis (Britton) L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 314 (1942)

= Ranunculus langsdorfii DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 34 (1824)

= Ranunculus limosus Nutt.; Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1: 20 (1838)

= Ranunculus multifidus var. limosus (Nutt.) G.Lawson; Proc. & Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada 2(4): 47 (1884)

= Ranunculus multifidus var. repens S.Watson; Botany [Fortieth Parallel]: 8 (1871)

= Ranunculus purshii Richardson; J. Franklin, Narr. Journey Polar Sea: 751 (1823)

= Ranunculus purshii subsp. yukonensis (Britton) A.E.Porsild; Rhodora 41: 229 (1939)

= Ranunculus purshii var. dissectus Lunell; Bull. Leeds Herb. 2: 6 (1908)

= Ranunculus purshii var. geranioides Lunell; Bull. Leeds Herb. 2: 6 (1908)

= Ranunculus purshii var. gmelinii (DC.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 33 (1831)

= Ranunculus purshii var. hookeri G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 33 (1831)

= Ranunculus purshii var. humifusus Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 358 (1916)

= Ranunculus purshii var. polymorphus Lunell; Bull. Leeds Herb. 2: 6 (1908)

= Ranunculus purshii var. radicans Lunell; Bull. Leeds Herb. 2: 6 (1908)

= Ranunculus purshii var. repens Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 1: 15 (1829)

= Ranunculus purshii var. schizanthus Lunell; Bull. Leeds Herb. 2: 6 (1908)

= Ranunculus purshii var. terrestris Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 1: 35 (1841)

= Ranunculus pusillus Ledeb.; Mem. Acad. Petersb. 5: 546 (1812) non Poir.

= Ranunculus terrestris F.L.Wynd; Torreya 30: 53 (1930)

= Ranunculus yukonensis Britton; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 2: 169 (1901)

species :

Ranunculus gobicus Maxim.; Enum. Pl. Mongol. 15 (1889)

Distribution: Mongolia

37 MON

species :

Ranunculus godleyanus Hook.f.; Handb. N. Zeal. Fl. 723 (1867)

Distribution: New Zealand (Mt. Travers to Ben Oahu Range)

51 NZL

species :

Ranunculus golitzynii Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 80(7): 78 (1995)

Distribution: C-European Russia

14 RUS

species :

Ranunculus gongheensis W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 35(5): 645 (2015)

Distribution: China (Qinghai)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus gongylodes A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 674 (2018)

Name: Knobby Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Surrey)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus gonophyllus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. gonophyllus Julin

species :

Ranunculus gorlicius Dunkel; Kochia 15: 166 (2022)

Name: Görlitzer Goldschopf-Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus gormanii Greene; Pittonia 3: 91 (1896)

Name: Gorman´s buttercup

Distribution: USA (Oregon, N-California: Klamath Mts., S-Cascade Mts.)

73 USA 76 USA

species :

Ranunculus gortanii Pignatti; Giorn. Bot. Ital. 110: 212 (1976)

Distribution: NE-Italy; Slovenia

13 ITA SLV

Remarks: auricomus agg., palaeoeuganeus group

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus aesontinus Pignatti; Giorn. Bot. Ital. 110: 212 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus gouani Willd.; Sp. Pl. 2: 1322 (1799)

Name: Gouan-Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Spain; Andorra; France (Pyrenees)

12 ADO FRA SPA

Remarks: breyninus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus aduncus subsp. gouani (Willd.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 360 (1936)

= Ranunculus alpicola Timb.-Lagr.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 15, Session Extr.: 90: (1869)

= Ranunculus aureus var. gouani (Willd.) Rchb.; LXIV (1833)

= Ranunculus furcatus Bergeret; Fl. Basses-Pyrenées 2: 409 (1803)

= Ranunculus involucratus Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrenées 318 (1813)

= Ranunculus montanus subsp. gouani (Willd.) Bonnier; Bonnier & R. C. V. Douin, 28 (1912)

= Ranunculus montanus subsp. gouani (Willd.) Cadevall & Sallent; Fl. Catalunya 1: 39 (1913)

= Ranunculus montanus var. major W.D.J.Koch; 16 (1836)

= Ranunculus pilosus Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrenées 220 (1867)

= Ranunculus pyrenaeus Gouan; Ill. Observ. Bot.: 33 (1773)

species :

Ranunculus gracilicaulis (Cedercr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. gracilicaulis Cedercr.

species :

Ranunculus gracilidens A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 677 (2018)

Name: Burpham Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Surrey)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus gracilifolius (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. gracilifolius Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 57 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus gracililobus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 675 (2018)

Name: Dogmersfield Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Hampshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus gracilior (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. gracilior Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 58 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus gracilipes Hook.f.; Handb. N. Zeal. Fl. 8 (1864)

Distribution: New Zealand (South Isl.: Mt. Travers southwards)

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus sinclairii Hook.f.; Handb. N. Zeal. Fl. 6 (1864)

= Ranunculus sinclairii var. angustatus Kirk

species :

Ranunculus gracilis E.D.Clarke; Travels 2(2): 336 (1814)

Name: Zierlicher Hahnenfuß (DE); Gracile Buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Italy; Sicily; Croatia; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (NW-, C-Greece, Peloponnisos, Kerkyra, Ionian Isl., rare Sporades, NE-Greece, Evvoia); Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Samos, Kalimnos, Kos, Karpathos, Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, WN-Anatolia)

13 BUL CRO GRC ITA KRI SIC TUE 34 EAI TUR

Remarks: contains R. chaerophyllos L. p. p. sensu auct.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus acinacilobus Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. de Fr. 1: 89 (1893)

= Ranunculus agerii Bertol.; Opusc. Sci. 3: 182 (1819)

= Ranunculus cinerascens Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. de Fr. 1: 89 (1893)

= Ranunculus granulatus Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 1. 306., Pomel, Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atlant. 380 (1843)

= Ranunculus insularis Viv.; Fl. Cors. Prodr., App.: 2 (1825)

= Ranunculus mollis Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. de Fr. 1: 90 (1893)

= Ranunculus ovalifolius Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France 1: 89 (1893)

= Ranunculus peloponnesiacus Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 1: 63 (1843)

= Ranunculus subpinnatus Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. de Fr. 1: 90 (1893)

= Ranunculus uncinatus Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. de Fr. 1: 90 (1893)

species :

Ranunculus gracilistylus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 675 (2018)

Name: Studham Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Bedfordshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus gracillimus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. gracillimus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 59 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus graecensis Hörandl & Gutermann; Bot. Jahrb., 121(1): 126 (1999)

Distribution: Austria

11 AUT

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus grahamii Petrie; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 46: 32 (1913 publ. 1914)

Distribution: New Zealand

51 NZL

species :

Ranunculus gramineus L.; Sp. Pl. 549 (1753)

Distribution: Switzerland; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Sardinia; Italy; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia

11 SWI 12 ADO FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ITA 20 ALG MOR TUN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus gramineus var. luzulifolius Boiss.; Elench. Pl. Nov.: 6 (1838)

= Ranunculus graminifolius Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 372 (1796)

= Ranunculus luzulifolius (Boiss.) Amo; Fl. Fam. Penins. Iber. 6: 714 (1873)

= Xerodera graminea (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 324 (1868)

species :

Ranunculus granatensis Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 1: 8. (1854)

Distribution: Spain

12 SPA

Remarks: acris agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus acris subsp. granatensis (Boiss.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 12 (1878)

= Ranunculus friesianus subsp. granatensis (Boiss.) Elenevsky & Derv.-Sokol.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 18: 185 (1981)

species :

Ranunculus grandiflorus L.; Sp. Pl. 555 (1753)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus anemonifolius DC. ex Poir.; Lam., Encycl., Suppl. 4: 663 (1816)

= Ranunculus anemonifolius var. calverti (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. 1: 50 (1867)

= Ranunculus anemonifolius Poir.; Lam., Encycl. Suppl. 4: 663 (1816)

= Ranunculus armeniacus Boiss. & A.Huet; Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 5: 9 (1856)

= Ranunculus calvertii Boiss. & A.Huet; P. E. Boissier, Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 2, 5: 8 (1856)

= Ranunculus macrophyllus Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 1: 42 (1841), non Desf.

= Ranunculus sabalanicus Mobayen & Maleki; Iranian J. Bot. 2 2: 120, f. 1 (1984)

species :

Ranunculus grandifolius C.A.Mey.; Fl. Altaic. 2: 330-331 (1830)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; China (Xinjiang)

30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus meyeri Lowe; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 9: 74 (1857), nom. nov. superfl.

species :

Ranunculus grandilobatus (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. grandilobatus Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus grandis Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 43: 657 (1929)

Name: Tall buttercup

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Primorye); China (E-Jilin); North Korea; Japan (Honshu); Alaska [I]

31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP NKO 70 ask

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus acris var. austrokurilensis Tatew.; Rep. Veg. Is. Shikotan 34 (1940)

= Ranunculus acris var. frigidus (Regel) Regel; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 34(II): 48 (1862)

= Ranunculus grandis var. austrokurilensis (Tatew.) H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 19: 359 (1943)

= Ranunculus subcorymbosus subsp. grandis (Honda) M.Tamura

= Ranunculus subcorymbosus var. austrokurilensis (Tatew.) M.Tamura; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 24: 165 (1970)

= Ranunculus subcorymbosus var. grandis (Honda) Kitag.

= Ranunculus subcorymbosus var. ovczinnikovii M.Tamura; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 24(4-6): 166 (1970)

variant :

var. manshuricus H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 19: 360 (1943)

Distribution: China (S-Heilongjiang)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus subcorymbosus var. manshuricus (H.Hara) Kitag.; J. Jap. Bot. 41: 365 (1966)

variant :

var. mirissimus (Hisauchi) H.Hara

Distribution: Japan (Honshu)

38 JAP

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus mirissimus Hisauchi; Journ. Jap. Bot. 11: 584, et 654 (Errata) (1935)

species :

Ranunculus graniticola Melville; Kew Bull. 205 (1955)

Distribution: Australia (Australian Capital Territory, higher altitudes in New South Wales, E-Victoria)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus gregalis (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; Estonia; C-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 EST RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. gregalis Markl.

species :

Ranunculus gregarius Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 2: 369 (1804)

Distribution: Portugal; Spain

12 POR SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus henriquesii Freyn; Bot. Centralbl. 6(Beil. 3): 21 (1881)

= Ranunculus hollianus Rchb.; Flora (Regensburg) 13: 130 (1830)

species :

Ranunculus gripsholmiensis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. gripsholmiensis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 59 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus grisebachii C.A.Zanotti; Darwiniana , n. s., 9: 73 (2021)

Distribution: Bolivia; Argentina (Jujuy, Formosa)

83 BOL 85 ARG

species :

Ranunculus grossidens W.Koch ex Brodtb.; Bauhinia 11(1): 65 (1993)

Distribution: Switzerland

11 SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus gryphum Halamski; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon 183 (2024)

Distribution: Poland

11 POL

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus guadarramensis Dunkel; Stapfia 112: 38 (2021)

Distribution: Spain (Sa. de Guarradama)

12 SPA

Remarks: auricomus agg., carlittensis group

species :

Ranunculus guaraensis Dunkel; Stapfia 112: 39 (2021)

Distribution: Spain (Huesca)

12 SPA

Remarks: auricomus agg., carlittensis group

species :

Ranunculus guelzowiensis R.Doll; Gleditschia 2: 5 (1974 publ. 1975)

Name: Gülzower Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Conservation Status: critically endangered

species :

Ranunculus gueneri Ayasligil & P.H.Davis; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 42: 69 (1984)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Ranunculus gunnianus Hook.; J. Bot. [Hooker] 1: 244. t. 133 (1834)

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales: Mt Kosciuszko plateau, high altitudes in E-Victoria, Tasmania)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus gyratidens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. gyratidens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus gyratifrons (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. gyratifrons Markl.

species :

Ranunculus haasii Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 235 (1964), nom. nov.

Name: Waldbewohnender Goldhahnenfuß, Haas-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Baden-Württemberg, Sachsern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus silvicola Haas; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 30: 31 (1954), nom. illeg.

species :

Ranunculus haastii Hook.f.; Handb. N. Zeal. Fl. 6 (1864)

Distribution: New Zealand (Nelson, Canterbury)

51 NZL

species :

Ranunculus habbemensis Merr. & L.M.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 24: 38 (1943)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus haesselbyholmiensis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. haesselbyholmiensis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 61 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus haglundii (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. haglundii Julin

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. sparsidens Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 82(4): 90 (1976)

= Ranunculus sparsidens (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29: 152 (1992)

species :

Ranunculus hakkodensis Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 26: 324 (1912)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu)

38 JAP

species :

Ranunculus hallstaensis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. hallstaensis Julin; Bot. Not. 131(3): 327 (1978)

species :

Ranunculus hamatosetosus H.Eichler; Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Australia 81: 180 (1958)

Distribution: Australia (South Australia: Gawler, Flinders and Mt Lofty Ranges)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus hamiensis J.G.Liu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 30(4): 378-380, f. 1 (1992)

Distribution: China (E-Xinjiang)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus hannae Jasiewicz; Fragm. Florist. & Geobot., Krakow 2: 1. 102 (1956)

Distribution: S-Poland

11 POL

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. hannae (Jasiewicz) Jasiewicz; Fl. Polski Rosl. Naczyniowe, ed. 2, 4: 77 (1985)

species :

Ranunculus hannonianus (Demarsin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Belgium

11 BGM

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. hannonianus Demarsin

species :

Ranunculus harveyi (A.Gray) Greene; Erythea 2: 189 (1894), Britton, in Mem. Torr. Bot. Club 5: 159 (1894)

Name: Harvey´s buttercup

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Louisiana, Missouri, Oklahoma, Tennessee)

74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus harveyi f. pilosus (A.Gray) E.J.Palmer & Steyerm.; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 22: 540 (1935)

= Ranunculus harveyi var. pilosus (A.Gray) Benke; Rhodora 30: 200 (1928)

= Ranunculus abortivus var. harveyi A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 372 (1886)

variant :

var. australis (Brandegee) L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 159 (1948)

Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus abortivus var. australis Brandegee; Zoe 4: 399 (1894)

= Ranunculus australis (Brandegee) Brandegee; Zoe 5: 104 (1901)

species :

Ranunculus hasunumae Kadota; J. Jap. Bot. 94(6): 333 (2020)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu)

38 JAP

species :

Ranunculus hawaiensis A.Gray; Bot. U. St. Expl. Exped. 1: 10 (1854)

Distribution: Hawaii (East Maui, Hawaii Isl.)

63 HAW

Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Endangered

species :

Ranunculus hayekii Dörfl.; Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl., Denkschr. 94: 146 (1917 publ. 1918)

Distribution: Montenegro; Albania; Bulgaria

13 ALB BUL MNT

Remarks: breyninus agg.

species :

Ranunculus hebecarpus Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 316 (1838)

Name: Delicate buttercup

Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, Idaho, Oregon, Washington State); Mexico (Baja California Norte); Isla Guadalupe

73 USA 76 USA 79 GLP MEX

species :

Ranunculus hederaceus L.; Sp. Pl. 556 (1753)

Name: Efeu-Wasser-Hahnenfuß (D); Ivy-leaved Crowfoot (EN)

Distribution: England (England, Wales, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl., Isle of Man, Isles of Scilly); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway [I]; Sweden; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Berlin [I], Hessen, Hamburg, +Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Portugal; Spain; France; Channel Isl. (Guernsey, Jersey); Croatia; +Latvia; European Russia; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Canada (Newfoundland); USA (Maryland, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Virginia)

10 DEN GRB IRE nor SWE 11 BGM GER LUX NET 12 CIS FRA POR SPA 13 CRO 14 LAT RUS 20 ALG MOR TUN 72 CDN 75 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium, hederaceus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium hederaceum (L.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 721 (1821 publ. 1822)

= Batrachium leiospermum C.Hartm.; C. J. Hartman, Handb. Skand. Fl., ed. 13: 165 (1889)

= Batrachium omoiophyllum Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 1: 16 (1878)

= Ranunculus asarifolius Diard ex Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. de Fr. 1: 59 (1893)

= Ranunculus hederaceus f. macrocephalus Godr.; 5 (1840)

= Ranunculus hederaceus var. microphyllus Godr.; 5 (1840)

= Ranunculus hederaefolius Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 373 (1796), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Ranunculus hydrocharis var. hederaceus (L.) Spenn.; 1008 (1829)

= Ranunculus papillatus Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrenées 218 (1867)

species :

Ranunculus heikkinenii (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. heikkinenii Markl.

species :

Ranunculus hejingensis W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 286 (1995)

Distribution: China (C-Xinjiang)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus helenae Albov; Soc. imp. hortic. [Compt.-rend. Sect. Odessa] (1891) extr. 2, et in Bull. Herb. Boissier 1: 253 (1893)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO NCS

species :

Ranunculus helveticus Brodtb.; Bauhinia 11(1): 42 (1993)

Distribution: Switzerland

11 SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus hemicyclodes (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. hemicyclodes Markl.

species :

Ranunculus hemicyclodon (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. hemicyclodon Julin

species :

Ranunculus hemicyclophyllus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. hemicyclophyllus Julin

species :

Ranunculus henslowii A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 676 (2018)

Name: Henslow´s Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Cambridgeshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus hertfordensis A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 675 (2018)

Name: Hertford Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Cambridgeshire, Hertfordshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus heterorrhizus Boiss. & Balansa; Boiss., Diagn. ser. 2, 6: 6 (1859)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: cadmicus agg.

species :

Ranunculus heterotrichus H.Eichler; Biblioth. Bot. Heft 124, 86 (1958)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus hetianensis L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 28: 360-61, t. 88, f. 1-2 (1980)

Distribution: China (SW-Xinjiang)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus heuffelii Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 223, in clavi, 229 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 399 (1965)

Distribution: Romania; Moldova; Ukraine

13 ROM 14 MLD UKR

species :

Ranunculus hevellus Hülsen ex O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 134 (1949)

Name: Heveller-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Brandenburg, Sachsen, Thüringen); Czech Republic

11 CZE GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. hevellus (Hülsen ex Asch. & Graebn.) R.Engel; Bull. Assoc. Philom. Alsace Lorraine 13: 81 (1968)

= Ranunculus auricomus var. hevellus Hülsen ex Asch. & Graebn.; 337 (1898)

species :

Ranunculus hibamontanus Kadota; J. Jap. Bot. 87(6): 376 (2012)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

species :

Ranunculus hicanostylus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. hicanostylus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus hilarans (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. hilarans Markl.

species :

Ranunculus hillii Lourteig; Darwiniana 9: 475 (1951)

Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, Tucuman)

85 ARG

Remarks: Status doubtful, probably in Krapfia

species :

Ranunculus himalaicus Tamura; J. Geobot. 26(3): 68 (1978)

Distribution: Nepal

40 NEP

species :

Ranunculus himalaicus Kadota; H. Ohba & S. B. Malla, Himalayan Pl., 2 (Univ. Mus. Tokyo Bull., 34): 102 (1991), non Tamura 1978

Distribution: Nepal

40 NEP

species :

Ranunculus hirsutulus W.Koch ex Dunkel; Bauhinia 23: 45 (2011)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Saarland, Thüringen); Switzerland

11 GER SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus hirtellus Royle; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. 53 (1834)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost); China (Sichuan, Yunnan, Qinghai); Tibet; Pakistan (widespread); Nepal; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand); Myanmar (Kachin)

34 AFG 36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP PAK 41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus attenuatus Royle ex D.Don; Royle, Ill. Bot. Him. 53 (1834)

= Ranunculus choorensis Royle ex D.Don; Royle,Ill. Bot. Him. 53 (1834)

= Ranunculus glabellus Royle ex D.Don; Royle, Ill. Bot. Him. 53 (1834)

= Ranunculus glabratus Hook.f. & Thomson; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 1: 18 (1875)

= Ranunculus hirtellus var. leiocarpus M.Tamura; Kitam., Fl. Afghanistan 130 (1960)

= Ranunculus jilongensis L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 28: 361-362, t. 91, f. 1-2 (1980)

= Ranunculus nepalinus Jacquem. ex Aitch.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 30 (1880)

= Ranunculus nervosus Royle ex D.Don; Royle, Ill. Bot. Him. 53 (1834)

variant :

var. emarginatus Fayaz & Dar; Pleione 11(2): 474 (2017)

Distribution: India (Jammu & Kashmir)

40 IND

variant :

var. gulmargicus Fayaz & Dar; Pleione 11(2): 474 (2017)

Distribution: India (Jammu & Kashmir)

40 IND

variant :

var. humilis W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(2): 176 (1995)

Distribution: China (S-Qinghai, W-Sichuan); S- & E-Tibet; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)

36 CHI TIB 40 IND

variant :

var. multilobulus Fayaz & Dar; Pleione 11(2): 474 (2017)

Distribution: India (Jammu & Kashmir)

40 IND

variant :

var. orientalis W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(2): 176-177 (1995)

Distribution: China (E-Qinghai, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); S-Tibet; India (Uttarakhand)

36 CHI TIB 40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus hirtellus var. glabrescens W.L.Zheng; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 37(3): 303 (1999)

= Ranunculus hirtellus var. sigylaicus W.L.Zheng; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 37(3): 303 (1999)

variant :

var. parciflorus Qureshi & Chaudhri; Pakistan Syst. 3(1): 12 (1987)

Distribution: Pakistan

40 PAK

species :

Ranunculus hispidus Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 1: 321 (1803)

Name: Bristly buttercup

Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)

72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus carolinianus Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Am. 1: 23 (1840) non DC.

= Ranunculus hispidus var. eurylobus L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 68: 488 (1941)

= Ranunculus hispidus var. falsus Fernald; Rhodora 22: 30 (1920)

= Ranunculus hispidus var. greenmanii L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 86 (1948)

= Ranunculus hispidus var. marylandicus (Poir.) L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 84 (1948)

= Ranunculus hispidus var. oreganus A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 376 (1886)

= Ranunculus marylandicus Poir.; Lam., Encycl. 6: 126 (1804)

= Ranunculus octopetalus Greene; Ottawa Naturalist 16: 33 (1902)

= Ranunculus repens var. hispidus (Michx.) Chapm.; Fl. South. U. S.: 8 (1860)

= Ranunculus repens var. marylandicus (Poir.) Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. 1: 21 (1838)

= Ranunculus septentrionalis var. marylandicus (Poir.) Chapm.; Fl. South. U. S., ed. 3: 7 (1897)

variant :

var. caricetorum (Greene) T.Duncan; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 77: 40 (1980)

Distribution: Canada (Labrador, New Brunswick, Northern Territories, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec); USA (Connecticut, Delaware, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin)

70 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus caricetorum Greene; Pittonia 5: 194 (1903)

= Ranunculus septentrionalis var. caricetorum (Greene) Fernald; Rhodora 38: 177 (1936)

= Ranunculus siciformis Mack. & Bush; Torreya 6: 123 (1906)

species :

Ranunculus holanthus (Markl.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 79 (1992) 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Norway

10 NOR

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. holanthus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus homophyllus Dunkel; Haussknechtia 14: 26 (2018)

Name: Gleichblättriger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Thüringen, Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus hondanus Kadota; J. Jap. Bot. 94(6): 337 (2020)

Distribution: Japan (Hokkaido)

38 JAP

species :

Ranunculus horieanus Kadota; J. Jap. Bot. 82(6): 321 (2007)

Distribution: Japan (Hokkaido)

38 JAP

species :

Ranunculus hortensis (G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. hortensis G.Kvist; Mem. Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 61(4): 116 (1985)

species :

Ranunculus hortobagyianus Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 404 (1965)

Distribution: Hungary

11 HUN

species :

Ranunculus hortorum (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. hortorum Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 62 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus horwoodii A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 674 (2018)

Name: Horwood´s Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Leicestershire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus hostiliensis Pignatti; Giorn. Bot. ltal. 110: 209 (1976)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus huainingensis W.T.Wang, Zun Yang & J.Xie; Guihaia 39(3): 288 (2019)

Distribution: China (Anhui)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus humillimus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 281-282 (1995)

Distribution: NE-Tibet (Amdo Xian)

36 TIB

species :

Ranunculus hungaricus Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 224, in clavi, 231 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 402 (1965)

Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary

11 HUN SLO

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus hybridus Biria; Hist. Nat. Renonc.: 38 (1811)

Name: Nierenblättriger Hahnenfuß, Hahnenkamm-Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Austria; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; ?Romania

11 AUT GER 13 BIH CRO ITA SLV

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus phthora Crantz; 98 (1763)

= Ranunculus pseudothora Host; Fl. Austriac. [Host] 2: 108 (1831)

= Ranunculus thoroides E.H.L.Krause; J. Sturm, Deutschl. Fl. Abbild., ed. 2, 5: 260 (1901)

species :

Ranunculus hydrocharoides A.Gray; Mem. Am. Acad. N. S. 5: 306 (1855)

Name: Frogbit buttercup

Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, New Mexico); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX 80 GUA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus hydrocharoides var. natans (Nees ex G.Don) L.D.Benson ex Standl. & Steyerm.; Fieldiana, Bot. 24(4): 252 (1946)

= Ranunculus natans Nees ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 31 (1831)

= Ranunculus sessei Briq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 11-12: 175 (1908)

= Ranunculus vagans S.Watson; Proc. Am. Acad. 26: 131 (1891)

variant :

var. stolonifer (Hemsl.) L.D.Benson; Amer. J. Bot. 27: 187 (1940)

Name: Frogbit buttercup

Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico); Mexico

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus stolonifer Hemsl.; Diagn. Pl. Nov. Mexic.: 17 (1879)

= Ranunculus stolonifer Sessé & Moc.; Fl. Mexic., ed. 2: 135 (1894)

species :

Ranunculus hydrophilus Gaudich. ex Mirb.; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. I. 5: 105 (1825)

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Biobío, Araucanía, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes); Falkland Isl.

85 ARG CLE 91 FAL

species :

Ranunculus hyperboreus Rottb.; Skrift. Kjoeb. Selsk. 10: 458 (1770)

Name: Arktischer Hahnenfuß, High northern buttercup

Distribution: Jan Mayen; Svalbard; Faeroe Isl.; Norway; Sweden; Finland; N-European Russia; Siberia (Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Sakhalin); Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, Newfoundland, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming)

10 FIN FOR JMY NOR SVA SWE 14 RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus ammannii Gunnerus; Fl. Norveg. 2: 103 (1776)

= Ranunculus hyperboreus f. fluitans Porsild; Meddel. Grønland 50: 375 (1912)

= Ranunculus hyperboreus f. integrescens Savile & Calder; Canad. Field-Naturalist 66: 105 (1952)

= Ranunculus hyperboreus f. turquetilianus (Polunin) Savile & Calder; Canad. Field-Naturalist 66: 105 (1952)

= Ranunculus hyperboreus subsp. arnellii Scheutz; Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 22(10): 75 (1888)

= Ranunculus hyperboreus subsp. intertextus (Greene) B.M.Kapoor & Á.Löve; Caryologia 23: 588 (1970 publ. 1971)

= Ranunculus hyperboreus subsp. samojedorum (Rupr.) Hultén; Acta Univ. Lund. 2 40: 758 (1944)

= Ranunculus hyperboreus subsp. tricrenatus (Rupr.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128: 512 (1975 publ. 1976)

= Ranunculus hyperboreus subsp. tricrenatus (Rupr.) V.G.Sergienko; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 17: 245 (1980) isonym

= Ranunculus hyperboreus var. europaeus Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.) 1(1): 35 (1841)

= Ranunculus hyperboreus var. intertextus (Greene) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 93: 645 (1966)

= Ranunculus hyperboreus var. orientalis Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.) 1(1): 35 (1841)

= Ranunculus hyperboreus var. samojedorum (Rupr.) Perfil.

= Ranunculus hyperboreus var. tricrenatus Rupr.; Beitr. Pflanzenk. Russ. Reiches 2: 19 (1845)

= Ranunculus hyperboreus var. turquetilianus Polunin; Bull. Natl. Mus. Canada 92: 211 (1940)

= Ranunculus intertextus Greene; Ottawa Naturalist 16: 33 (1902)

= Ranunculus multifidus Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 736 (1813) non Forssk.

= Ranunculus natans var. intertextus (Greene) L.D.Benson; Contr. Fl. Idaho Leafl. 22: 27 (1948)

= Ranunculus purshii var. multifidus G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 33 (1831)

= Ranunculus radicans var. multifidus (G.Don) Regel; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 34(II): 45 (1862)

= Ranunculus samojedorum Rupr.; Beitr. Pflanzenk. Russ. Reiches 2: 18 (1845)

= Ranunculus sibiricus Schltdl.; Animadv. Bot. Ranunc. Cand. 2: 38 (1820)

= Ranunculus sibiricus Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16, 2: 652 (1825)

= Ranunculus tricrenatus (Rupr.) Jurtzev & V.V.Petrovsky; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 85(6): 101 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus hypochromatinus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. hypochromatinus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(1): 22 (1974)

species :

Ranunculus hypselus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 141 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. hypselus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus idiophylloides (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. idiophylloides Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 21 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus idiophyllus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. idiophyllus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 24 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus illudens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. illudens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus illyricus L.; Sp. Pl. 552 (1753)

Name: Illyrischer Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Sweden (Øland); Germany (Brandenburg, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt); Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; NE-Greece; Latvia [I]; Belarus; European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)

10 SWE 11 CZE GER HUN SLO 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA SLV SRB 14 BLR KRY lat MLD RUS UKR 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR

Remarks: illyricus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus alexeenkoi Grossh.; Bot. Zhurn. SSSR.33: 309 (1948)

= Ranunculus dalmaticus Grossh.; Bot. Zhurn. SSSR.33: 308 (1948)

= Ranunculus freynianus Velen.; Abh. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. 37: 3 (1893 publ. 1894)

= Ranunculus illyricus subsp. tenorei (Jord.) P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 147 (1960)

= Ranunculus meridionalis Grossh.; Bot. Zhurn. SSSR.33: 311 (1948)

= Ranunculus monspeliacus Georgi; Beschr. Nation. Russ. Reich 3(4): 1067 (1800)

= Ranunculus sericeus Willd.; Enum. Pl. (Willd.) 1: 589 (1809)

= Ranunculus syroussii Mobayen; Mobayen & Maleki, Iranian J. Bot. 2 2: 122, f. 2 (1984)

= Ranunculus tenorei Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon ser. 2, 7: 430 (1861)

= Ranunculus tomentosus Moench; Methodus (Moench) 212 (1794), nom. illeg.

species :

Ranunculus imbricatus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 672 (2018)

Name: Compton Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Surrey)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus imitans (Markl.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 79 (1992) 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; C-, E- & NW-European Russia

10 FIN SWE 14 EST LAT LIT

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. imitans Markl.

species :

Ranunculus imitator (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. imitator Julin

species :

Ranunculus imparidens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. imparidens Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 62 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus inaequalidens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. inaequalidens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus inaequalis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. inaequalis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 63 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus inamoenus Greene; Pittonia 3: 91 (1896)

Name: Graceful buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Saskatchewan); USA (Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus affinis var. micropetalus Greene; Pittonia 2: 110 (1890)

= Ranunculus calthiflorus Greene; Erythea 3: 45 (1895)

= Ranunculus inamoenus f. elatior B.Boivin; Canad. Field-Naturalist 65: 4 (1951)

= Ranunculus micropetalus (Greene) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 29: 158 (1902)

= Ranunculus utahensis Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 29: 158 (1902)

variant :

var. alpeophilus (A.Nelson) L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 68: 651 (1941)

Distribution: USA (Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, South Dakota, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

73 USA 74 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus alpeophilus A.Nelson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, 350 (1899)

variant :

var. subaffinis (A.Gray) L.D.Benson; Amer. J. Bot. 27: 187 (1940)

Distribution: USA (Arizona: San Francisco Peaks)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus arizonicus var. subaffinis A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 370 (1886)

= Ranunculus inaemoenus subsp. subaffinis (A.Gray) R.L.Taylor & MacBryde; Canad. J. Bot. 56(2): 189 (1978)

= Ranunculus subaffinis (A.Gray) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24: 246 (1897)

= Ranunculus subsagittatus var. subaffinis (A.Gray) Greene; Pittonia 2: 110 (1890)

species :

Ranunculus inaptus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. inaptus Julin

species :

Ranunculus inchoatus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. inchoatus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus incisulus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. incisulus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 64 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus incisurifer (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. incisurifer Julin

species :

Ranunculus inclinatus (Rasch) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. inclinatus Rasch

species :

Ranunculus incomparabilis Janka; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 22: 174 (1872)

Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Bulgaria; N-Greece (Mt. Peristeri to Mt. Falakron)

13 BUL GRC KOS NMA SRB

Remarks: cadmicus agg.

species :

Ranunculus incompletus (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. incompletus Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus inconcinnus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. inconcinnus Julin; Bot. Not. 131(3): 333 (1978)

species :

Ranunculus inconspectiflorus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. inconspectiflorus Julin; Bot. Not. 131(3): 334 (1978)

species :

Ranunculus inconspectiformis (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. inconspectiformis Markl.

species :

Ranunculus inconspectus (Markl.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 79 (1992) 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. inconspectus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus indecorus W.Koch; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 49: 549 (1939)

Name: Unauffälliger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus indivisus (Maxim.) Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Horti Gothob. 13(4): 145, f. 4, 22-23 (1939)

Distribution: China (Qinghai, Shanxi)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus affinis var. indivisus Maxim.; Fl. Tangut. 14 (1889)

variant :

var. abaensis (W.T.Wang) W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 293 (1995)

Distribution: China (SW-Gansu, Qinghai, NW-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus abaensis W.T.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 25(1): 36-37, t. 4, f. 3 (1987)

species :

Ranunculus inexspectans Dunkel; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 86: 6 (2016)

Name: Unerwarteter Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus inextricabilis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. inextricabilis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 65 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus infuscus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. infuscus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 66 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus ingae-taniae Timukhin, Suvorov & Tuniyev; Turczaninowia 22(4): 17 (2019)

Distribution: Transcaucasus

species :

Ranunculus inopinus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. inopinus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus insignis Hook.f.; Fl. N. Zel. 1: 8. t. 2 (1852)

Distribution: New Zealand (E-Cape to Kaikoura Mts.)

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus insignis var. glabratus Allan

= Ranunculus insignis var. lobulatus Kirk; (1899)

= Ranunculus lobulatus (Kirk) Cockayne; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 38: 373 (1905 publ. 1906)

= Ranunculus monroi Hook.f.; Fl. N. Zel. 2: 323 (1855)

= Ranunculus monroi var. dentatus Kirk; (1899)

= Ranunculus monroi var. sericeus Kirk; (1899)

= Ranunculus muelleri Buchanan; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 19: 1886 (1887) 215, t. 16

= Ranunculus ruahinicus Colenso; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 18: 256 (1885 publ. 1886)

= Ranunculus rufus Colenso; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 28: 591 (1895 publ. 1896)

= Ranunculus sychnopetala Colenso; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 25: 324 1892 (1893)

species :

Ranunculus integer Dunkel; Kochia 17: 22 (2024)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus integerrimus (Julin) Borch.-Kolb; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21(1): 145 (1985)

Name: Ungezähnter Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. integerrimus Julin

species :

Ranunculus intervallatus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. intervallatus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 67 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus intervallicarens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. intervallicarens Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 67 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus intramongolicus Y.Z.Zhao; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 9(1): 69-70 (1989)

Distribution: China (Nei Mongol)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus natans var. intramongolicus (Y.Z.Zhao) S.X.Li; Clavis Pl. Chinae Bor.-Or. ed. 2 (ed. P. Y. Fu): 202 (1995)

species :

Ranunculus intricatifrons (Markl. & Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. intricatifrons Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 26 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus inundatus R.Br. ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 269 (1817)

Distribution: Australia (Kangaroo Isl., SE-South Australia, SE-Queensland, E-New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus rivularis var. inundatus (R.Br. ex DC.) Rodway; Fl. Tas. 2 (1903)

= Ranunculus rivularis var. subfluitans Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 14 (1863), nom. inval.

species :

Ranunculus irregularis Dunkel; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 77: 105 (2007)

Name: Ungleichmäßiger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus islandicus (Fagerstr. & G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Norway

10 NOR

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. islandicus Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Náttúrufraeðingurinn 50(2): 139 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus isophylloides (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. isophylloides Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 68 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus isophyllus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. isophyllus Julin

species :

Ranunculus isthmicus Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 6: 4. (1846)

subspecies :

subsp. isthmicus

Name: Isthmischer Hahnenfuß (DE); Isthmian Buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Sicily; Greece (rare Thessalia, Thasos, Samothraki, Attiki, SE-Peloponnisos, Kithira); Morocco; Algeria; Libya; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Samos, Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Cyprus (E-Cyprus, C-Mountains)

13 GRC SIC 20 ALG LBY MOR 34 CYP EAI IRN TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus orientalis L.; Sp. Pl.: 555 (1753)

= Ranunculus squarrosus Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atlant. 2: 381 (1875)

= Xiphocoma orientaiis (L.) Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 21(I): 538 (1852)

subspecies :

subsp. tenuifolius (Steven) P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 152 (1960)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Xiphocoma tenuifolia Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 25(I): 540 (1852)

species :

Ranunculus istriacus Hörandl & Gutermann; Bot. Jahrb., 120(4): 563 (1998)

Distribution: ?Slovenia; Croatia

13 CRO

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus jacquemontii Riedl; Fl. West Pakistan, 193: 151 (1991)

Distribution: India (Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)

40 IND

species :

Ranunculus janischevskyi Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 80(7): 79 (1995)

Distribution: E-European Russia

14 RUS

species :

Ranunculus japonicus Thunb.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 2: 337 (1794)

Distribution: Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Siberia (Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Tuva, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea (incl. Cheju Isl.); Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Laos

14 est lat 30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO NNS TAI 41 LAO

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus acris f. oreodoxa (Kitag.) M.Tamura; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 16: 111 (1956)

= Ranunculus acris Regel; Tent. Fl.-Ussur. 18 (1861) non L.

= Ranunculus acris subsp. japonicus (Thunb.) Hultén; Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl. 13(1): 399 (1971)

= Ranunculus acris subsp. novus (H.Lév. & Vaniot) Vorosch.; A. K. Skvortsov (ed.), Florist. issl. v razn. raionakh SSSR: 169 (1985)

= Ranunculus acris subsp. steveni (Andrz.) Korsh.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 12: 297 (1893)

= Ranunculus acris var. elatus Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 13: 472 (1937)

= Ranunculus acris var. japonicus (Thunb.) Maxim. ex Makino; New Ill. Fl. Jap. 181, f. 722 (1961)

= Ranunculus acris var. schizophyllus H.Lév.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 123 (1914)

= Ranunculus acris var. stevenii (Andrz.) Gren.; 32 (1847)

= Ranunculus coreanus H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 101 (1909)

= Ranunculus grandis var. ozensis H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 19: 360 (1943)

= Ranunculus grandis var. transochotensis (H.Hara) H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 19: 360 (1943)

= Ranunculus japonicus f. albiflorus Y.N.Lee; Fl. Korea: 1157 (1996)

= Ranunculus japonicus f. latissimus (Kitag.) Kitag.; Neolin. Fl. Manshur. 307 (1979)

= Ranunculus japonicus f. plenus Y.C.Chu & D.C.Wu; Nat. Resources Res. 2: 4 (1979)

= Ranunculus japonicus var. latissimus Kitag.; J. Jap. Bot. 19(3): 68 (1943)

= Ranunculus japonicus var. stevenii (Andrz. ex Besser) U.C.La; Fl. Coreana 2: 246 (1996)

= Ranunculus labordei H.Lév. & Vaniot; Bull. Acad. Int. Geogr. Bot. 11(148): 50 (1902)

= Ranunculus novus H.Lév. & Vaniot; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53: 389 (1906)

= Ranunculus stevenii Andrz.; Besser, Suppl. Cat. Jard. Krzemieniec 3: 19 (1814)

= Ranunculus stevenii Andrz. ex Besser; Enum. Pl. Volh.: 22 (1821)

= Ranunculus subcorymbosus var. ozensis (H.Hara) M.Tamura; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 24: 166 (1970)

= Ranunculus transochotensis H.Hara; Journ. Jap. Bot. 13: 775 (1937)

= Ranunculus yuparensis Miyabe ex Toyok.; J. Jap. Bot. 28: 251 (1953)

variant :

var. hsinganensis (Kitag.) W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 306 (1995)

Distribution: China (C-Nei Mongol)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus hsinganensis Kitag.; J. Jap. Bot. 22: 175 (1948)

variant :

var. rostratus Syams., H.Okada & M.Ogawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 53(2): 131 (2002)

Distribution: Japan (Shikoku)

38 JAP

variant :

var. ternatifolius L.Liao; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 12: 375 (1992)

Distribution: China (N-Jiangxi, E-Zhejiang)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus javanicus Blume; Bijdr. 3 (1825)

Distribution: Java

42 JAW

species :

Ranunculus javorkae Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 224, in clavi, 230 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 399 (1965)

Distribution: Hungary

11 HUN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus jazgulemicus Ovcz.; Fl. Tadzhikskoi SSR 4: 533 (1975)

Distribution: Tajikistan

32 TZK

species :

Ranunculus jiguanshanicus W.Q.Fei, Q.Yuan & Q.E.Yang; PhytoKeys 219: 59, figs. 1-6 (2023)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus jingyuanensis W.T.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 32(5): 475, f. 3, 3-4 (1994)

Distribution: China (Gansu)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus jucundus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. jucundus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(1): 25 (1974)

species :

Ranunculus jugosus Menadue; Brunonia 8(2): 377 (1986)

Distribution: Australia (C-Tasmania in higher altitudes)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus julinii Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 142 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. fissus Julin

species :

Ranunculus junipericola Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 2(3): 154-155 (1933)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

species :

Ranunculus juratensis Brodtb.; Bauhinia 11(1): 54 (1993)

Distribution: Switzerland

11 SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus kadzusensis Makino; Journ. Jap. Bot. 6: 8 (1929)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu, Kyushu); South Korea [I]

38 JAP kor

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium kadzusense (Makino) Kitam.; Kitam. & Murata, Col. Ill. Herb. Pl. Jap., Choripet., 249 (1961), et in Acta Phytotax. & Geobot., Kyoto 20: 204 (1962)

= Batrachium pantothrix Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus., Tokyo 31: 26 (1952), isonym

= Ranunculus pantothrix Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 44: 521 (1930) non Brot.

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. kadzusensis (Makino) Wiegleb; Acta Phytotax. Geobot., 39(4-6): 128 (1988)

species :

Ranunculus kajanensis (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. kajanensis Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 29 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus kalinensis Jasiewicz; Fragm. Florist. & Geobot., Krakow 2: 1. 84 (1956)

Distribution: Poland; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; NW-European Russia; Ukraine

11 POL 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS UKR

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. kalinensis (Jasiewicz) Jasiewicz; Fl. Polski Rosl. Naczyniowe, ed. 2, 4: 74 (1985)

species :

Ranunculus karakoramicola M.Tamura; Acta Phytotax. & Geobot., Kyoto 16: 169 (1956)

Distribution: Pakistan (Karakorum)

40 PAK

Remarks: Status uncertain, possibly to R. hirtellus

species :

Ranunculus karelicus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. karelicus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus karelinii Czerep.; Sosud. Rast. SSSR: 425 (1981), nom. nov.

Name: Ice cold buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Siberia (Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Magadan); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; China (NW-Xinjiang); Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Northern Territories, Yukon); USA (Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Utah, Wyoming)

30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ 36 CHI 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Oxygraphis gelidus (Kar. & Kir.) O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 100 (1949)

= Ranunculus drummondii Greene; Erythea 2: 192 (1894)

= Ranunculus gelidus Kar. & Kir.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 15: 133 (1842) (non Hoffmanns. (1832))

= Ranunculus gelidus subsp. grayi (Britton) Hultén; Ark. Bot. (n. s.) 7(1): 59 (1968)

= Ranunculus gelidus var. shumaginensis Hultén; Ark. Bot. (n. s.) 7(1): 59 (1968)

= Ranunculus gelidus var. tibetanus Tolm. & Jurtzev

= Ranunculus glacialis var. gelidus (Kar. & Kir.) Finet & Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 307 (1904)

= Ranunculus grayi Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 18: 265 (1891)

= Ranunculus pedatifidus Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 1: 18 (1829)

= Ranunculus ramulosus M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 14: 47 (1912)

= Ranunculus tibetanus (Tolm. & Jurtzev) Grabovsk.; Rast. Tsentral. Azii Fasc. 12: 115 (2001)

species :

Ranunculus karkaralensis Schegol.; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. Kuybysheva 102: 5 (2010)

Distribution: Kazakhstan

32 KAZ

species :

Ranunculus karpatianus Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 224 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 400 (1965)

Distribution: Hungary

11 HUN

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Ranunculus kauffmanii P.Clerc; Bull. Soc. Oural. Amat. Sci. Nat. 4: 107 (1878)

Distribution: Poland; Belarus; N-European Russia; E-European Russia; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Kazakhstan; Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Heilongjiang, E-Jilin, Nei Mongol); Mongolia

11 POL 14 BLR RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 36 CHI 37 MON

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. Populations from the eastern part of the range are morphologically deviating.

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium kauffmanii (P.Clerc) Ovcz.; Fl. URSS 7: 343, t. 21, f. 5 (1937)

= Ranunculus pseudoflaccidus Petunn.; D. P. Syreisczikov, Ill. Fl. Moscow 2: 153 (1907)

species :

Ranunculus kedranus Stepanov; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 120: 11-13 (2020)

Distribution: Siberia (Krasnoyarsk)

30 SIB

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Ranunculus kemensis (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. kemensis Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 31 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus kemerovensis (G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, W-Siberia)

30 SIB

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. kemerovensis G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 24(1): 79 (1987)

species :

Ranunculus kevoensis (Fagerstr. & G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Norway

10 NOR

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. kevoensis Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 17(3): 305 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus keysseri Schltr. ex Diels; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 62: 479 (1929)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus kirkii Petrie; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 19: 323 (1886 publ. 1887)

Distribution: New Zealand (Stewart Isl.)

51 NZL

species :

Ranunculus kitadakeanus Ohwi; Bull. Nat. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, No. 26, 8 (1949)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu)

38 JAP

species :

Ranunculus kitaibelii Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 223, in clavi, 227 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 397 (1965)

Distribution: Slovakia; Ukraine

11 SLO 14 UKR

species :

Ranunculus kitinensis (Fagerstr. & G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. kitinensis Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 19(1): 55 (1982)

species :

Ranunculus kittilensis (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. kittilensis Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 33 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus klingstedtii (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. klingstedtii Markl.

species :

Ranunculus kobendzae Halamski; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 56(1-3): 126 (2018)

Distribution: Poland

11 POL

species :

Ranunculus koeiei Rech.f.; Dansk Bot. Arkiv. 15, 4-10 (1954-55)

Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)

34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus elbursensis var. koeiei (Rech.f.) Parsa; Fl. Iran 2: 216 (1986)

species :

Ranunculus koelzii Rech.f.; Anz. Oesterr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Nat. 91: 75 (1954)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Baghlan, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Parwan)

34 AFG

species :

Ranunculus koerneri Dunkel; Kochia 15: 117 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus kohistanensis Qureshi & Chaudhri; Pakistan Syst. 3(1): 16 (1987), nom. nov.

Distribution: Pakistan

40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus saxatilis Qureshi & Chaudhri; Pakistan Syst., 21(12): 20 (1978) (1979)

species :

Ranunculus komarowii Freyn; Bull. Herb. Boissier Ser. II. 3: 558 (1903)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Baghlan, Kabul, Takhar)

32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus winkleri Kom.; Mater. Fl. Turkest. 59, non Freyn

species :

Ranunculus kopetdaghensis Litv.; Trav. Mus. Bot. Acad. Petersb. 1: 26 (1902)

Distribution: Turkmenistan (Kopet Dag)

32 TKM

Remarks: trichocarpus agg.

species :

Ranunculus kosinensis Chugayn.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 84(2): 115 (1999)

Distribution: E-European Russia

14 RUS

species :

Ranunculus kotschyi Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 6: 5. (1846)

Distribution: Turkmenistan; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)

32 TKM 33 ARM GEO 34 IRN IRQ TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus lurorum Köie & Rech.f.; Dansk Bot. Ark. 15(4): 8 (1955)

species :

Ranunculus krassnovii Ovcz.; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 376, 742 (1937)

Distribution: Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan); Tibet; Pakistan (Swat, Chitral)

32 TZK 34 AFG 36 TIB 40 PAK

species :

Ranunculus kuepferi Greuter & Burdet; Willdenowia 16: 452 (1987), nom. nov.

subspecies :

subsp. kuepferi

Name: Küpfer-Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: France; Italy

12 FRA 13 ITA

Remarks: amplexicaulis agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus lanceolatus Clairv.; Man. Herb. 177 (1811), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus plantagineus subsp. occidentalis P.Küpfer; Boissiera 23: 171 (1974) (syn. subst.)

= Ranunculus pyrenaeus subsp. bupleurifolius (Jacq.) Ces.; Car. Catt., 285 (1844)

= Ranunculus pyrenaeus subsp. kuepferi (Greuter & Burdet) J.-M.Tison; Biocosme Mésogéen 27(4): 129 (2010)

subspecies :

subsp. orientalis W.Huber; Veröff. Geobot. Inst. ETH Stiftung Rübel Zürich 100: 59 (1988)

Name: Östlicher Küpfer-Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Switzerland; ?Liechtenstein; Austria; France; Italy

11 AUT SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus pyrenaeus subsp. orientalis (W.Huber) J.-M.Tison; Biocosme Mésogéen 27(4): 129 (2010)

species :

Ranunculus kujalae (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. kujalae Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus kunlunshanicus J.G.Liu; Flora Xinjiangensis 2(1): 352 (1994)

Distribution: China (Xinjiang)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus kunmingensis W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 309 (1995)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus kunmingensis f. leipoensis (L.Liou) W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15: 320 (1995)

= Ranunculus laetus var. leipoensis L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 28: 362 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus kunzii W.Koch; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 49: 543 (1939)

Name: Kunz-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus kurdicus Greuter & Burdet; Willdenowia 19: 46 (1989)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

34 IRN IRQ TUR

Remarks: trichocarpus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus diversifolius Boiss. & Kotschy; Boiss., Fl. 1: 45 (1867) (non Schrk. (1789))

= Ranunculus trichocarpus var. diversifolius (Boiss. & Kotschy) Parsa; Fl. Iran 2: 180 (1986)

species :

Ranunculus kvedbyensis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. kvedbyensis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 70 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus kvistii (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. kvistii Markl.

species :

Ranunculus kykkoensis Meikle; Hook. Ic. Pl. 37: t. 3649 (1969)

Distribution: Cyprus (Troodos Mt.)

34 CYP

species :

Ranunculus kymmenensis Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. lucorum Markl.

species :

Ranunculus kyyhkynenii (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. kyyhkynenii Markl.

species :

Ranunculus labacensis Dunkel; Stapfia 111: 78 (2019)

Distribution: Slovenia

13 SLV

Remarks: auricomus agg., phragmiteti group

species :

Ranunculus lacer (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. lacer Julin

species :

Ranunculus lacerescens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. lacerescens Julin

species :

Ranunculus lacinulatus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. lacinulatus Julin

species :

Ranunculus laestadii Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Norway

10 NOR

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus var. alpestris Laest.

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. alpestris (Laest.) Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 17(3): 303 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus laetevirens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. laetevirens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus laeticolor (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland; NW-European Russia

10 FIN SWE 14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. laeticolor Markl.

species :

Ranunculus laetifrons (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. laetifrons Markl.

species :

Ranunculus lambayequensis T.Duncan & Sagást.; Brittonia 42(3): 182 (1990)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Ranunculus lanceolifer Dunkel; Stapfia 111: 84 (2019)

Distribution: Slovenia

13 SLV

Remarks: auricomus agg., phragmiteti group

species :

Ranunculus lancipetalus Griseb.; Gött. Abh. 19: 69 (1874)

Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, La Rioja, Salta, Tucuman)

85 ARG

species :

Ranunculus landsorticola (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. landsorticola Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 71 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus lanuginosus L.; Sp. Pl. 554 (1753)

Name: Wolliger Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Denmark; Belgium; Germany (Brandenburg, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; NE-Greece (Nomos Evrou); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea

10 DEN 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE POL SLO SWI 12 COR FRA SAR 13 BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculastrum lanuginosum (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 324 (1868)

= Ranunculus lanuginosus f. divergens Zapal.; 229 (1909)

= Ranunculus lanuginosus f. macrophyllus Zapal.; 228 (1909)

= Ranunculus lanuginosus f. obcordatus Zapal.; 228 (1909)

= Ranunculus lanuginosus f. pauciflorus Zapal.; 229 (1909)

= Ranunculus lanuginosus f. reductus Zapal.; 229 (1909)

= Ranunculus lanuginosus f. stenopetalus Zapal.; 228 (1909)

= Ranunculus lanuginosus f. subcrenatus Zapal.; 228 (1909)

= Ranunculus lanuginosus f. subdentatus Zapal.; 229 (1909)

= Ranunculus lanuginosus var. geraniifolius DC.; 281 (1817)

= Ranunculus umbrosus Ten. & Guss.; Ten., Fl. Neapol. Syll. App. 5: 15 (1842)

= Ranunculus velutinus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 19 (1866)

species :

Ranunculus lappaceus Sm.; Rees, Cyclop. 29: n. 61 (1814)

Distribution: Australia (SE-South Australia, E-Queensland, E-New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus lappaceus f. multiplex F.M.Bailey; Queensland FI. 1: 7 (1899)

= Ranunculus lappaceus var. latilobus Hook.f.; FI. Tasman. 1: 6 (1855)

= Ranunculus lappaceus var. obtusatus DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 287 (1817)

= Ranunculus lappaceus var. pubescens DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 287 (1817)

species :

Ranunculus lasiocarpus C.A.Mey.; Ledeb. Fl. Alt. 2: 323 (1830)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva); Mongolia

30 SIB 37 MON

species :

Ranunculus lateriflorus DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 251 (1817)

Name: Seitenblütiger Hahnenfuß (DE); Lateral-flowered Buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Germany [I]; +Austria; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; France; +Italy; Sicily; Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (mountains of N- & C-Greece); Crete (Lefka Ori); E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Kazakhstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Rhodos); Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran); Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); Israel (N-Israel)

11 AUT ger HUN SLO 12 FRA SPA 13 BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI NMA ROM SIC SRB TUE 14 KRY MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG MOR 32 KAZ TZK 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 EAI IRN ISR LEB SYR TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Buschia lateriflora (DC.) Ovcz.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 25(4-5): 339 (1940)

= Ranunculus lateriflorus f. natans Glück; 478 (1911)

= Ranunculus lateriflorus f. submersus Glück; 334 (1923)

= Ranunculus lateriflorus f. terrestris Glück; 334 (1923)

= Ranunculus nendtwichii Frivald.; Flora 19: 437 (1836)

= Ranunculus nodiflorus subsp. lateriflorus (DC.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 355 (1936)

species :

Ranunculus latiangulus (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. latiangulus Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus latiapex (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. latiapex Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 71 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus laticrenatus Hörandl & Gutermann; Bot. Jahrb., 121(1): 108 (1999)

Distribution: Austria; Czech Republic

11 AUT CZE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus latidens (Cedercr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. latidens Cedercr.

species :

Ranunculus latifolius (Julin) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 79 (1992) 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. latifolius Julin

species :

Ranunculus latifrons (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. latifrons Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 72 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus latiphyllarius Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 143 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. rotundatus Markl. ex G.Kvist; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(2): 30 (1975)

species :

Ranunculus latisectus W.Koch; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 49: 551 (1939)

Distribution: Switzerland

11 SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus latisinuatus (Cedercr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. latisinuatus Cedercr.

species :

Ranunculus latisinus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. latisinus Julin

species :

Ranunculus laurilaensis (Fagerstr. & G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. laurilaensis Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 19(1): 56 (1982)

species :

Ranunculus lawalreei (Demarsin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Belgium

11 BGM

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. lawalreei Demarsin

species :

Ranunculus laxicaulis (Torr. & A.Gray) Darby; Bot. S. St. 204 (1841)

Name: Mississippi buttercup

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia)

74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus flammula var. laxicaulis Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1: 16 (1838)

= Ranunculus laxicaulis var. mississipiensis (Small) L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 309 (1942)

= Ranunculus mississippiensis Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, 277 (1900)

= Ranunculus subcordatus E.O.Beal; Brittonia. 23(3): 266 (1971)

= Ranunculus texensis Engelm. ex Engelm. & A.Gray; Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. 5: 210 (1847)

species :

Ranunculus laxus Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 9: 445 (1914 publ. 1915)

Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)

42 PHI

species :

Ranunculus lecithodes (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. lecithodes Markl.

species :

Ranunculus legerae Tiehm & Lucero; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 18(1): 8 (2024)

Distribution: USA (Nevada)

76 USA

species :

Ranunculus lepidulus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. lepidulus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 72 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus lepidus (Markl.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 80 (1992) 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN SWE 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. lepidus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus leptaleus DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 258 (1817)

Distribution: Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus)

34 CYP

Remarks: millefoliatus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus millefoliatus subsp. leptaleus (DC.) Meikle; Kew Bull. 10: 545 (1957)

= Xiphocoma leptalea (DC.) Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 21: 541 (1852)

species :

Ranunculus leptomeris Haas; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 30: 27 (1954)

Name: Feinzipfeliger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Sachsen, Thüringen); Czech Republic; E-France (Alsace)

11 CZE GER 12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. leptomeris (Haas) R.Engel; Bull. Assoc. Philom. Alsace Lorraine 13: 80 (1968)

species :

Ranunculus leptophyes (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. leptophyes Markl.

species :

Ranunculus leptophyllarius (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. leptophyllarius Markl.

species :

Ranunculus leptorrhynchus Aitch. & Hemsl.; Trans. Linn. Soc. Ser. II. 3: 29, t. 1 (1886)

Distribution: Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran); Afghanistan (Badghys, Baghlan, Balkh, Farah, Faryab, Ghazni, Helmand, Herat, Jawzjan / Sar-e-Pol, Kabul, Kandahar, Logar, Parwan, Qunduz, Samangan, Takhar, Zabul)

32 TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN

Remarks: often included in R. sewerzovii

species :

Ranunculus leptostylus (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. leptostylus Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus leslieanus Dunkel; Brit. Irish Bot. 2(3): 264 (2020), nom. nov.

Name: Tandridge Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Surrey)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus multidens A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 673 (2018), non Dunkel 2011

species :

Ranunculus ligusticus Pignatti; Giorn. Bot. Ital. 110: 210 (1976)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus limosella F.Muell. ex Kirk; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 3: 177 (1871)

Distribution: New Zealand

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus ferdinandi Briq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 11-12: 176 (1908)

= Ranunculus limoselloides F.Muell. ex Hook.f.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 11: t. 1081 (1867), non Turcz.

species :

Ranunculus limoselloides Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 27(2): 275 [bis] (1854)

Distribution: Colombia (Boyacá, Cundinamarca, Meta, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Santander, Tolima); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)

82 CLM 83 BOL ECU PER

species :

Ranunculus limprichtii Ulbr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 12: 377 (1922)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)

36 CHI

variant :

var. flavus Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Horti Gothob. 13(4): 144 (1939)

Distribution: China (NW-Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus linearifidus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. linearifidus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 73 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus linearilobus Bunge; Arb. Naturf. Ver. Riga 1: 122 (1847)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badghys, Baghlan, Takhar)

32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG

species :

Ranunculus linearis (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. linearis Markl.

species :

Ranunculus lineatus Dunkel; Forum Geobotanicum 10: 19 (2021)

Distribution: Switzerland (Genf)

11 SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus lingua L.; Sp. Pl. 549 (1753)

Name: Zungen-Hahnenfuß (D); Greater Spearwort (EN)

Distribution: Svalbard; England (England, Wales, Scotland, Isle of Man); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, +Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; ?Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; NE-Spain; France; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Guernsey [I]); Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; S-Greece (very rare NE-Peloponnisos); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Turkey (N-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran); China (Xinjiang); Mongolia; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir)

10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SVA SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 cis FRA SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR EST LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ 33 ARM GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 36 CHI 37 MON 40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Flammula lingua (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 324 (1868)

= Ranunculus lingua f. diminutus Zapal.; 215 (1909)

= Ranunculus lingua f. hirsutus (Wallr.) Zapal.; 215 (1909)

= Ranunculus lingua f. integerrimus Zapal.; 215 (1909)

= Ranunculus lingua f. parviflorus Otruba ex Podp.; 24 (1922)

= Ranunculus lingua f. semimersus Glück; 334 (1923)

= Ranunculus lingua f. subglaber Zapal.; 215 (1909)

= Ranunculus lingua f. submersus Glück; 379 (1911)

= Ranunculus lingua f. terrestris Glück; 334 (1923)

= Ranunculus lingua var. glabratus Wallr.; 288 (1822)

= Ranunculus lingua var. gracilis Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: 305 (1823)

= Ranunculus lingua var. hirsutus Wallr.; 288 (1822)

= Ranunculus lingua var. laciniatus F.Aresch.; 176 (1881)

= Ranunculus lingua var. natans Klett & Richt.; 476 (1830)

= Ranunculus lingua var. strigosa Kabath; 124 (1846)

= Ranunculus lingua var. vistulensis Zapal.; 215 (1909)

= Ranunculus lingua var. vulgaris Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: 305 (1823)

= Ranunculus longifolius Lam.; Fl. Franç. (Lam.) 3: 189 (1779)

= Ranunculus salicifolius Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. iii. 259 (1812)

= Ranunculus schmidtii Schur; Verh. Naturf. Ver. Bruenn 15(2): 34 (1877)

species :

Ranunculus lingulatus Brodtb.; Bauhinia, 12(1-2): 62 (1998)

Distribution: NW-Switzerland; SE-France (Alsace)

11 SWI 12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus linkolae (Markl.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 80 (1992) 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. linkolae Markl.

species :

Ranunculus lipsiensis Dunkel; Kochia 15: 123 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus litoricola (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. litoricola Julin

species :

Ranunculus ljubljanicae Dunkel; Stapfia 111: 81 (2019)

Distribution: Slovenia

13 SLV

Remarks: auricomus agg., phragmiteti group

species :

Ranunculus lobatus Jacq. ex Cambess.; Voy. Inde 4: 1, t. 1B (1844), nom. cons., non Moench 1796, nom. rej.

Distribution: SW-Tibet; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)

36 TIB 40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus salsuginosus D.Don; J. F. Royle, Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts.: 53 (1834)

= Ranunculus trivedii Aswal & Mehrotra; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 4(3): 1027 (1983), nom. nov. superfl.

species :

Ranunculus lobbii (Hiern) A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 364 (1886)

Name: Lobb´s buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Oregon)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium lobbii (Hiern) Howell; Fl. N. W. Amer. (Howell) 1: 13 (1897)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. lobbii (Hiern) S.Watson; Bibl. Index N. Amer. Bot.: 17 (1878)

= Ranunculus hederaceus var. lobbii (Hiern) Brewer & Watson; Bot. Calif.: 5 (1876)

= Ranunculus hederaceus var. lobbii (Hiern) G.Lawson; Proc. & Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada 2(4): 44 (1884), isonym

= Ranunculus hydrocharis f. lobbii Hiern; J. Bot. 9: 66, tab. 114 (1871)

species :

Ranunculus lojkae Sommier & Levier; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. (1893) 525, et Ser. II. 1: 10 (1894), et in Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 13: 185 (1894)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO NCS

species :

Ranunculus lonchophyllarius (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus monophyllus subsp. lonchophyllarius Markl.

species :

Ranunculus longicaulis C.A.Mey.; Ledeb. Fl. Alt. 2: 308 (1830)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Wardak, Parwan); Mongolia; Pakistan (Chitral, Zanskar); Nepal; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim)

30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG 37 MON 40 IND NEP PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus gramineus Spreng.; Syst. Nat. 2: 648 (1821)

= Ranunculus nephelogenes var. longicaulis (C.A.Mey.) W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(2): 110 (1987)

= Ranunculus pulchellus var. longicaulis (C.A.Mey.) Hook.f. & Thomson; Fl. Ind. 1: 31 (1855)

species :

Ranunculus longidens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. longidens Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 75 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus longifoliolus Dunkel; Kochia 15: 67 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus longimammiformis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. longimammiformis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 76 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus longimammus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. longimammus Julin; Bot. Not. 131(3): 334 (1978)

species :

Ranunculus longipes Cutanda; Fl. Comp. Madrid: 103 (1861)

Distribution: Portugal; Spain

12 POR SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus dichotomiflorus Freyn; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 927 (1880) (nom. illeg.)

= Ranunculus dichotomiflorus subsp. ophioglossoides Rivas Goday; Veg. Fl. Guadiana: 727 (1964) (nom. inval.)

= Ranunculus longipes subsp. ophioglossoides Smythies; Englera 3: 450 (1984) (nom. inval.)

species :

Ranunculus longipilosus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. longipilosus Julin

species :

Ranunculus longirostris Godr.; Mem. Soc. Roy. Nancy, 1839 39 (1840)

Name: Longbeak buttercup

Distribution: Canada (Saskatchewan, Manitoba); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Nevada, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Wisconsin, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. See also R. subrigidus which is often included here. The distribution data in the USA might be too extensive.

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium longirostre (Godr.) F.W.Schultz; Arch. Fl. Fr. et Allem. 1: 71 (1844)

= Batrachium usneoides Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 106 (1910)

= Ranunculus amphibius E.James; Account Exped. Pittsburgh 2: 342 (1823)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. longirostris (Godr.) G.Lawson; Proc. & Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada 2 (sect. 4): 45 (1884)

= Ranunculus hydrocharis f. longirostris (Godr.) Hiern; J. Bot. 9: 100 (1871)

= Ranunculus missouriensis Greene; Erythea 3: 20 (1895)

species :

Ranunculus longisectus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. longisectus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 77 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus longistylus (Nannf.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. longistylus Nannf.

species :

Ranunculus longivaginatus Iranshahr & Rech.f.; Fl. Iran., 171: 164 (1992)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Farah, Herat)

34 AFG

species :

Ranunculus longziensis W.T.Wang; Guihaia 39(9): 1140 (2019)

Distribution: Tibet

36 TIB

species :

Ranunculus lourteigiae H.Eichler; Taxon 12: 296 (1963), nom. nov.

Distribution: Bolivia (Cochabamba, Santa Cruz)

83 BOL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus concinnus Lourteig; Mem. Soc. Cienc. Nat. La Salle 16: (Ranunc. Südamer. Trop.) 127 (1956)

species :

Ranunculus lowii Stapf; Hook. Icon. pl. 23: t. 226) (1893)

Distribution: Borneo

42 BOR

species :

Ranunculus luanchuanensis W.Q.Fei, Q.Yuan & Q.E.Yang; PhytoKeys 220: 25 (2023)

Distribution: China (Henan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus lucescens Dunkel; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 66: 15 (2014)

Distribution: France (Alsace)

12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus lucorum (Engel) Borch.-Kolb; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21(1): 243 (1985)

Name: Gefälliger Goldhahnenfuß, Hain-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Rheinland-Pfalz, Sachsen, Thüringen); NW-Switzerland; E-France

11 GER SWI 12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus gratiosus Brodtb.; Bauhinia 12: 52 (1998)

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. lucorum R.Engel; Bull. Assoc. Philom. Alsace Lorraine 13(1): 75 (1968)

species :

Ranunculus ludingensis W.T.Wang; Guihaia 42(1): 9 (2022)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus lujiangensis W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 38(6): 801 (2018)

Distribution: China (Anhui)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus luminarius Pignatti ex Greuter; Willdenowia 19(1): 46 (1989)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: Status uncertain, auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus lunaris Brodtb.; Bauhinia 9(1): 89 (1988)

Name: Mond-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg: Weil am Rhein); NW-Switzerland

11 GER SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg. Known only from one very limited colony directly at the border

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus lunaris var. plenus Brodtb.; Bauhinia 12: 35 (1998)

species :

Ranunculus lundbyensis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. lundbyensis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 78 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus lundevallii (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. lundevallii Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 78 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus luoergaiensis L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 28: 361 (1980)

Distribution: China (NW-Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus lusaticus Dunkel; Kochia 15: 172 (2022)

Name: Lausitzer Goldschopf-Hahnenfuß

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus lutchuensis Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 42: 25 (1928)

Distribution: Ryukyu Isl.

38 NNS

species :

Ranunculus luxurians Lourteig; Mem. Soc. Cienc. Nat. La Salle 16: (Ranunc. Südamer. Trop.) 77 (1956)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Ranunculus luxuriosus (Valta) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. luxuriosus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus lyallii Hook.f.; Handb. N. Zeal. Fl. 4 (1864)

Distribution: New Zealand (Marlborough to Fiordland)

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus lyallii var. araneosa Hook.f.; (1867)

= Ranunculus lyallii var. traversii (Hook.f.) Cheeseman; (1906)

= Ranunculus traversii Hook.f.; Handb. N. Zeal. Fl. 4. (1864)

species :

Ranunculus lyngei (H.Sm. ex Fagerstr. & G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. lyngei H.Sm. ex Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 20(3): 240 (1983)

species :

Ranunculus lyratus Brodtb.; Bauhinia, 12(1-2): 65 (1998)

Distribution: NW-Switzerland; SE-France (Alsace)

11 SWI 12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus macauleyi A.Gray; Proc. Am. Acad. 15: 45 (1880)

Name: Rocky Mountain buttercup

Distribution: USA (Colorado, New Mexico)

73 USA 77 USA

variant :

var. brandegeei L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 124 (1948)

Name: Brandegee´s buttercup

Distribution: USA (Colorado)

73 USA

Remarks: status doubtful, probably a hybrid

species :

Ranunculus macilentus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. macilentus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(1): 27 (1974)

species :

Ranunculus maclovianus d´Urv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 4: 615 (1826)

Distribution: Argentina (Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Los Lagos, Magallanes); Falkland Isl.

85 ARG CLE 91 FAL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus colliguensis Steud.; Flora 39: 404 (1856)

species :

Ranunculus macounii Britton; Trans. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 12: 2 (1892), B. L. Rob. Syn. Fl. N. Am. 1: I. 36 (1895)

Name: Macoun´s buttercup

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Newfoundland, Northern Territories, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Iowa, Idaho, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington State, West Virginia, Wyoming)

70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus macounii var. oreganus K.C.Davis; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 2: 469 (1900)

= Ranunculus oreganus Howell; Fl. N. W. Amer.: 19 (1897)

= Ranunculus oreganus subsp. macounii (Britton) Piper; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 11: 276 (1906)

= Ranunculus rivularis Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 39: 319 (1912)

= Ranunculus rudis Greene; Ottawa Naturalist 16: 33 (1902)

species :

Ranunculus macrantherus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. macrantherus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus macranthus Scheele; Linnaea 21: 585 (1848)

Name: Large buttercup

Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Tlaxcala, Veracruz)

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cuneiformis Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 27: 276 (1900)

= Ranunculus fascicularis var. cuneiformis (Small) L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 68: 490 (1941)

= Ranunculus repens var. macranthus (Scheele) A.Gray; Boston J. Nat. Hist. 6: 141 (1850)

species :

Ranunculus macrocarpellophorus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. macrocarpellophorus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 79 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus macrodactylus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. macrodactylus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus macrophyllarius (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. macrophyllarius Markl.

species :

Ranunculus macrophyllus Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 1: 437 (1798)

subspecies :

subsp. macrophyllus

Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Sicily; Malta; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya

12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 MLT SIC 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN

Remarks: bulbosus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus byzantinus P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 116 (1960)

= Ranunculus corsicus DC.; Lam. & DC., Fl. Franc. ed. 3, 5: 637 (1815)

= Ranunculus decipiens Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atlant. 381 (1875)

= Ranunculus macrophyllus var. corsicus (DC.) Briq.; Prodr. Fl. Corse: 623 (1910)

= Ranunculus macrophyllus var. procerus (Moris) Freyn; Flora 63: 240 (1880)

= Ranunculus palustris var. macrophyllus (Desf.) Ball

= Ranunculus palustris var. procerus (Moris) Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. [Coss.] 2: 29 (1887)

= Ranunculus procerus Moris; Mém. Reale Accad. Sci. Torino 38: 32 (1835)

subspecies :

subsp. barceloi (Grau) Romo; Fl. Silvestres Baleares: 110 (1994)

Distribution: Baleares (Mallorca)

12 BAL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus barceloi Grau; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 20: 54 (1984), nom. nov. for R. chaerophyllos var. balearicus Barceló

= Ranunculus chaerophyllos var. balearicus Barceló; Fl. Baleares 12 (1879)

= Ranunculus paludosus subsp. barceloi (Grau) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Fl. Països Catalans 2: 820 (1990), without basionym date

species :

Ranunculus macropodioides Briq.; Ann. Conzerv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 11: & 12: 177 (1908)

Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Paktia / Khost); ?Pakistan

34 AFG IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus macropus Boiss. & Buhse; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Nat. Moscou 12: 5 (1860)

species :

Ranunculus macropus Hook.f.; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 634 (1844)

Distribution: New Zealand (North Isl., South Isl.)

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus longipetiolatus Colenso; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 25: 325 1892 (1893)

species :

Ranunculus macrorrhynchus Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 6: 5. (1846)

subspecies :

subsp. macrorrhynchus

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia)

34 TUR

subspecies :

subsp. trigonocarpus (Boiss.) P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 154 (1960)

Distribution: Turkey; Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); Jordania (S-Jordania)

34 IRN IRQ JOR SYR TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus dasycarpus (Steven) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 1: 28 (1867)

= Ranunculus trigonocarpus Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 8: 2 (1849)

= Xiphocoma dasycarpa Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 21: 539. t. 7, f. 3 (1852)

species :

Ranunculus macrotis Brodtb.; Bauhinia 9(1): 85 (1988)

Name: Großohr-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg); NW-Switzerland

11 GER SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus macrotis var. paradoxus Brodtb.; Bauhinia 12: 35 (1998)

species :

Ranunculus maculatus Cockayne & Allan; Trans. & Proc. N. Z. Inst. 56: 33 (1926)

Distribution: New Zealand (South Isl.)

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus depressus var. glabratus Kirk

species :

Ranunculus maelarensis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. maelarensis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 81 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus maelbyensis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 144 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. maelbyensis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 81 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus magellensis Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1(Prodr.): LXIX (1815)

Distribution: C-Italy (Abruzzi, Molise, Latium)

13 ITA

Remarks: alpestris agg., crenatus subagg.

species :

Ranunculus magnidens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. magnidens Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 82 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus magnifolius (Julin) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 80 (1992) 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. magnifolius Julin

species :

Ranunculus magnimammus (Julin) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 81 (1992) 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. magnimammus Julin

species :

Ranunculus magnitorifer (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. magnitorifer Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 83 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus mainlingensis W.T.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 32(5): 473-475 (1994)

Distribution: SE-Tibet

36 TIB

species :

Ranunculus makaluensis Kadota; H. Ohba & S. B. Malla, Himalayan Pl., 2 (Univ. Mus. Tokyo Bull., 34): 106 (1991)

Distribution: Nepal

40 NEP

species :

Ranunculus malessanus Degen & Hervier; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 16: 222 (1906)

Distribution: Spain (Sa. de Cazorla)

12 SPA

species :

Ranunculus malinovskii Elenevsky & Derv.-Sokol.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 23: 59 (1986)

Distribution: European Russia

14 RUS

species :

Ranunculus mammidens A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 672 (2018)

Name: Leighton Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Berkshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus mammiformidens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. mammiformidens Julin

species :

Ranunculus mancus (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. mancus Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus mandonianus Wedd.; Chlor. And. 2: 299 (1861)

Distribution: Venezuela (Merida); Peru; Bolivia (La Paz)

82 VEN 83 BOL PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus limoselloides f. minor (Benoist) Steyerm.; Fieldiana, Bot. 28(1): 232 (1951)

= Ranunculus limoselloides var. mandonianus (Wedd.) Steyerm.; Fieldiana, Bot. 28(1): 230 (1951)

= Ranunculus mandonianus f. minor Benoist; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 87: 124 (1940)

species :

Ranunculus manensis Stepanov; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 120: 6-9 (2020)

Distribution: Siberia (Krasnoyarsk)

30 SIB

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Ranunculus manifestus (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. manifestus Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus marginatus d´Urv.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 318 (1822)

Distribution: Germany [I]; ?Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; European Turkey; Greece; Crete; Crimea; Algeria [I]; Egypt (Desert Oases, Nile Delta, Nile Valley); East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, S-Iran, W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (S-Jordania)

11 ger 13 BIH CRO GRC KOS KRI MNT NMA SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 KRY 20 alg EGY 34 CYP EAI IRN ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR

Remarks: sardous agg. Status uncertain, included by Checklist of Greece in R. sardous

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus calcarae Tineo ex Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Syn. 2: 889 (1845)

= Ranunculus guilermi-jordanii Asch.; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 21: 64 (1880)

= Ranunculus leiodiscus Boiss. & A.Huet ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. (Boiss.) 1: 55 (1867)

= Ranunculus sennii Lojac.; Malpighia 20: 104 (1906)

variant :

var. trachycarpus (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Azn.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 1: 297 (1902)

Name: Margined buttercup

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan (incl. Talysh); Iran; Afghanistan (Helmand, Nangarhar); China [I] (C-Hunan [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Florida [I], Louisiana [I], Texas [I])

33 AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN 36 chi 77 usa 78 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus alexandrii Kem.-Nath.; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Thbiliss., Fasc. 23, 34 (1963)

= Ranunculus marginatus subsp. trachycarpus (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Elenevsky & Derv.-Sokol.; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 94(1): 117 (1989), isonym

= Ranunculus trachycarpus Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Ind. Sem. Horti Petrop. 3: 46 (1837)

= Ranunculus troodi H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. 2(7): 16 (1946)

species :

Ranunculus marginicola Jasiewicz; Fragm. Florist. & Geobot., Krakow 2: 1. 89 (1956)

Distribution: S-Poland; Moldova; Ukraine

11 POL 14 MLD UKR

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. marginicola (Jasiewicz) Jasiewicz; Fl. Polski Rosl. Naczyniowe, ed. 2, 4: 74 (1985)

species :

Ranunculus marklundii (Julin & Nannf.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Norway; Sweden; Estonia

10 NOR SWE 14 EST

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. marklundii Julin & Nannf.

species :

Ranunculus marmarosiensis Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 223, in clavi, 229 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 399 (1965)

Distribution: European Russia

14 RUS

species :

Ranunculus marschlinsii Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. ed. 2, 2: 434 (1841)

Distribution: Corsica

12 COR

Remarks: breyninus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus tenellus Salisb.; Flora (Regensburg) 17, Beibl. 2: 84 (1834) (non Viv., Pl. Aegypt. Dec.: 6 (1830))

species :

Ranunculus marsicus Guss. & Ten.; Syll. Fl. Neapol. App. 4: 24 (1835)

Distribution: C-Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg., one of very few sexually reproducing members of auricomus agg. (see Karbstein et al. 2020)

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus marsicus var. approximans Dunkel; Webbia 66(2): 171 (-172

= Ranunculus marsicus var. incisior Dunkel; Webbia 66(2): 173 (2011)

species :

Ranunculus mathei Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 224, in clavi, 229 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 401 (1965)

Distribution: Romania

13 ROM

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus matrensis Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 223, in clavi, 229 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 399 (1965)

Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary

11 HUN SLO

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus mauiensis A.Gray; Bot. U. St. Expl. Exped. 1: 11 (1854)

Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai, +Oahu, +Molokai, Maui, +Hawaii Isl.)

63 HAW

Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Endangered, USA Status: Candidate

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus mauiensis var. longistylus Skottsb.

species :

Ranunculus maurochlorus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. maurochlorus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus mazzettii Erst; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 112: 60 (2015), nom. nov.

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus longicaulis var. geniculatus (Hand.-Mazz.) L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 28: 269 (1980)

= Ranunculus pulchellus var. geniculatus Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7(2): 305-306 (1931)

= Ranunculus nephelogenes var. geniculatus (Hand.-Mazz.) W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(2): 109-110 (1987)

species :

Ranunculus medians (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; European Russia

10 FIN 14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. medians Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(2): 14 (1975)

species :

Ranunculus mediocrifidus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. mediocrifidus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 85 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus mediocris (Markl. ex Valta) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. mediocris Markl. ex Valta; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(2): 15 (1975)

species :

Ranunculus medioformis Dunkel; Kochia 15: 98 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus mediogracilis Dunkel; Webbia 65(2): 191 (2010)

Distribution: N-Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus mediosectus Hörandl & Gutermann; Phyton (Horn) 37(2): 283 (1998)

Distribution: Austria

11 AUT

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus medioviridis A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 673 (2018)

Name: Chee Dale Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Derbyshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus medioximus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. medioximus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus megacarpus W.Koch; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 43: 126 (1934)

Name: Großfrüchtiger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Sachsen); Switzerland

11 GER SWI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus hegetschweileri W.Koch; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 42: 748 (1933), nom. illeg., non Ducommun

= Ranunculus megacarpus var. grandiflorus W.Koch; 553 (1939)

species :

Ranunculus megalocaulis Hörandl & Gutermann; Bot. Jahrb., 121(1): 100 (1999)

Distribution: Austria

11 AUT

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus megalodon (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. megalodon Julin

species :

Ranunculus megalodontoides (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. megalodontoides Julin

species :

Ranunculus meierottii Dunkel; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 92: 22 (2022)

Name: Meierott-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus meilixueshanicus Kadota & T.L.Ming; Bull. Nation. Sci. Mus., B (Tokyo) 21(3): 111 (1995)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus meinshausenii Schrenk; Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Petersb. 3: 309 (1845)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Tajikistan; ?Pakistan (?Nanga Parbat)

32 KAZ TZK

species :

Ranunculus meionophyllus Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. microphyllus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus melanogynus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 301, t. 1, f. 5-7 (1995)

Distribution: S-Tibet

36 TIB

species :

Ranunculus melzeri Hörandl & Gutermann; Bot. Jahrb., 120(4): 561 (1998)

Distribution: Austria

11 AUT

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus membranaceus Royle; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. 53 (1839)

Distribution: China (NW-Sichuan); S-Tibet; Nepal; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)

36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus membranaceus Royle ex D.Don; Royle, Ill. Bot. Him. 53 (1834)

= Ranunculus pulchellus var. membranaceus (Royle) Mukerjee; Bull. B. Surv. Ind. 2: 104 (1960)

= Ranunculus pulchellus var. sericeus Hook.f. & Thomson; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 1: 17 (1872)

variant :

var. floribundus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 285 (1995)

Distribution: China (S-Gansu)

36 CHI

variant :

var. pubescens (W.T.Wang) W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 285 (1995)

Distribution: China (S-Gansu, SW-Nei Mongol, SW-Ningxia, Qinghai, S-Sichuan, S-Xinjiang); S-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus alaschanicus Y.Z.Zhao; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 9(1): 64-65, t. 1, f. 1 (1989)

= Ranunculus nephelogenes var. pubescens W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(2): 110-111 (1987)

variant :

var. stracheyanus (Maxim.) Yonek.; Fl. Mustang [Nepal] 89 (2008)

Distribution: China (S-Gansu, Qinghai, SW-Sichuan, Xinjiang, NW-Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus affinis var. stracheyanus Maxim.; Fl. Tangut. 14, t. 4. 1-8 (1889)

= Ranunculus popovii var. stracheyanus (Maxim.) W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(2): 180 (1995)

= Ranunculus pulchellus var. stracheyanus (Maxim.) Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Horti Gothob. 13(4): 147, f. 4, 1-8 (1939)

species :

Ranunculus membranaster (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. membranaster Julin

species :

Ranunculus membranifolius (Kirk) Garn.-Jones; New Zealand J. Bot. 25(1): 126 (1987)

Distribution: New Zealand

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus hirtus var. membranifolius Kirk

= Ranunculus hirtus var. stoloniferus Kirk

species :

Ranunculus mendax (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. mendax Markl.

species :

Ranunculus mendosus Hörandl & Gutermann; Bot. Jahrb., 120(4): 581 (1998)

Distribution: Austria

11 AUT

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus mentiens H.Eichler; Biblioth. Bot. 31: Heft 124, 77 (1958)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus menyuanensis W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 290 (1995)

Distribution: China (NE-Qinghai)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus mergenthaleri Borch.-Kolb; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21(1): 178 (1985)

Name: Mergenthaler-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern)

11 GER

species :

Ranunculus meristus B.G.Briggs & Makinson; Telopea 9(4): 809 (2002)

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales, Queensland)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus mesidius (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. mesidius Markl.

species :

Ranunculus metabolus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. metabolus Julin

species :

Ranunculus metlikaensis Dunkel; Stapfia 111: 33-91 (2019)

Distribution: SE-Slovenia

13 SLV

Remarks: auricomus agg., megacarpus group

species :

Ranunculus metrius (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. metrius Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(2): 17 (1975)

species :

Ranunculus mexiae (Benson) T.Duncan; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 77: 72 (1980)

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Jalisco, Nayarit)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus petiolaris var. mexiae L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 91 (1948)

species :

Ranunculus mgounicus Quézel; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 34: 302 (1955)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

species :

Ranunculus michaelis Kovalevsk.; Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii 3: 242 (1972)

Distribution: Uzbekistan

32 UZB

species :

Ranunculus micranthus (A.Gray) Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Am. 1: 18 (1838)

Name: Rock buttercup (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia)

74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus abortivus var. micranthus (Nutt.) A.Gray; Manual, ed. 2: 9 (1856)

= Ranunculus cymbalistes Greene; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 333 (1914)

= Ranunculus delitescens Greene; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 333 (1914)

= Ranunculus micranthus var. californicus Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. 1: 19 (1838)

= Ranunculus micranthus var. cymbalistes (Greene) Fernald; Rhodora 41: 543 (1939)

= Ranunculus micranthus var. delitescens (Greene) Fernald; Rhodora 41: 543 (1939)

species :

Ranunculus micrasterias (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. micrasterias Markl.

species :

Ranunculus microdon (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. microdon Markl.

species :

Ranunculus microflorus Pakravan; ScienceAsia 38(2012): 419 (2012)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Ranunculus micronivalis Hand.-Mazz.; Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl., Denkschr. 57: 48 (1920)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus longipetalus Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Horti Gothob. 13(4): 160-161, t. 1, f. 1-7 (1939)

species :

Ranunculus microphyllus Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7(2): 299 (1931)

Distribution: China (SE-Guizhou, W-Hubei, S-Hunan, W-Jiangxi, Sichuan, N-Yunnan, SE-Yunnan); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Thailand

36 CHI 40 BHU IND NEP 41 THA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus ailaoshanicus W.T.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 45(3): 293 (2007)

= Ranunculus bonatianus Ulbr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 621 (1913)

= Ranunculus duclouxii Finet & Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 54: 82 (1907)

= Ranunculus ficariifolius H.Lév. & Vaniot; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 288 (1904)

= Ranunculus ficariifolius var. crenatus H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 102. (1909)

= Ranunculus ficariifolius var. erythrosepalus H.Lév.

= Ranunculus ficariifolius var. ovalifolius H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7(137-139): 102 (1909)

= Ranunculus flaccidus Hook.f. & Thomson; Fl. Ind. 38 (1855) (not Pers. (1795))

= Ranunculus leveilleanus Fedde; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 28: 239 (1930)

= Ranunculus repens var. loponensis H.Lév.

= Ranunculus vaniotii H.Lév.; Gat. Pl. Yun-Nan, 226 (1917)

species :

Ranunculus migaricus Kem.-Nath. & Chinth.; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Thbiliss., Fasc. 24, 21 (1965)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

species :

Ranunculus millanii F.Muell.; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 7: 358 (1855)

Distribution: Australia (high altitudes in New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory, Victoria)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus millefoliatus Vahl; Symb. Bot. 2: 63 (1791)

Distribution: Slovakia; France; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; Greece (widespread mainland, mountains in S-Greece, also Thasos, Ionian Isl.); Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon)

11 SLO 12 FRA SAR 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA SIC SRB 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 34 LEB TUR

Remarks: millefoliatus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. faurei Maire

= Ranunculus fumariifolius Desf. ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 256 (1817)

= Ranunculus meifolius Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atlant.: 380 (1875)

= Ranunculus millefoliatus var. meifolius (Pomel) Batt.

= Ranunculus paludosus subsp. millefoliatus (Grau) Rivas Mart.; Lazaroa 8: 425 (1985) (1986)

= Ranunculus paludosus var. faurei (Maire) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 181 (1964)

= Ranunculus paludosus var. minor Pamp.; Piantae Tripol.: 122 (1914)

= Ranunculus rutifolius Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8. n. 6 (1768)

= Ranunculus scaber C.Presl; Fl. Sicul.: 13 (1826)

species :

Ranunculus millefolius Banks & Sol.; Russell, Nat. Hist. Aleppo ed. 2, 2: 254 (1794)

subspecies :

subsp. millefolius

Distribution: Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus)

20 EGY 34 CYP IRN IRQ TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus malabailae Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 1: 37 (1867)

= Ranunculus myriophyllus DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 25 7 (1817) (nom. illeg.)

= Xiphocoma heterophylla Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 21: 539. t. 7, f. 2 (1852)

= Xiphocoma orientalis (L.) Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 21: 538 (1852)

subspecies :

subsp. hierosolymitanus (Boiss.) P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 150 (1960)

Distribution: ?Morocco; ?Libya; ?Turkey; Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel, N-Negev Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)

34 ISR JOR LEB SYR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus hierosolymitanus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 1: 36 (1867)

= Ranunculus orientalis subsp. hierosolymitanus (Boiss.) P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 150 (1960)

species :

Ranunculus millii Boiss. & Heldr.; Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 35 (1867)

Distribution: S-Greece (S-Peloponnisos)

13 GRC

Remarks: millefoliatus agg.

species :

Ranunculus mimulus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. mimulus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus mindshelkensis B.Fedtsch.; Rastit. Turkest. 416 (1915), et ex Popov, Bull. Univ. As. Centr. 11: Suppl. 10 (1925), descr. emend.

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Jawzjan / Sar-e-Pol, Kunar / Nuristan, Orozgan / Daykundi)

32 KAZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG

species :

Ranunculus minimifolius H.Eichler; Bibliath. Bot. 31: Heft 124, 67 (1958)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus minjanensis Rech.f.; Anz. Oesterr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Nat. 91: 76 (1954)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Baghlan, Parwan)

34 AFG

species :

Ranunculus minor (L.Liou) W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 6(1): 29-30 (1986), nom. illeg., non J. K. Fisch. 1861

Distribution: S-Tibet

36 TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Oxygraphis involucrata var. minor L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 28: 361 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus minutiflorus Bertero ex Phil.; Linnaea 28: 661 (1856)

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Coquimbo, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Rios, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes)

85 ARG CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus aysenensis Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 59: 705 (1912) (1913)

= Ranunculus berteroanus C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 3: 437 (1845) non Phil.

= Ranunculus minutiflorus var. miser (Phil.) Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 72 (1894)

= Ranunculus miser Phil.; Linnaea 28: 662 (1858)

= Ranunculus savatieri Franch.; Miss. scient. Cap Horn 5: (Phan.) 320 (1889)

= Ranunculus saxifragifolius Stephan ex Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 2: 435 (1841)

species :

Ranunculus minutifrons (Markl. ex Valta) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. minutifrons Markl. ex Valta; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(2): 19 (1975)

species :

Ranunculus minutulus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. minutulus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus mirus Garn.-Jones; New Zealand J. Bot. 25(1): 126 (1987), nom. nov.

Distribution: New Zealand

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus reflexus var. gracilis Cheeseman

species :

Ranunculus misniensis Dunkel; Kochia 15: 91 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus modestifrons (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. modestifrons Markl.

species :

Ranunculus modestipilosus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. modestipilosus Julin

species :

Ranunculus moenensis Dunkel; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 92: 25-26 (1954)

Name: Main-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus moerkoeensis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. moerkoeensis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 86 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus moeszii Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 225, in clavi, 233 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 403 (1965)

Distribution: Slovakia

11 SLO

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus mogoltavicus (Popov) Ovcz.; Fl. Uzbekistan. 2: 491 (1953)

Distribution: Uzbekistan; Tajikistan

32 TZK UZB

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus linearilobus subsp. mogoltavicus Popov

species :

Ranunculus monacensis Borch.-Kolb; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21(1): 160 (1985)

Name: Münchner Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Sachsen, ?Baden-Württemberg)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus mongolicus (Krylov) Serg.; Fl. Zapadnoi Sibiri 12: 3293 (1964)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Magadan); Kyrgyzstan; Mongolia; N-China; Alaska; Aleutes; Canada (British Columbia, Northern Territories); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Mexico State, Morelos, Puebla, Sonora, Tlaxcala, Veracruz); Peru; Argentina (Tierra del Fuego); Chile [I] (Arica y Parinacota [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Araucanía [I], Los Lagos [I], Magallanes [I])

30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KGZ 36 CHI 37 MON 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 79 MEX 83 PER 85 ARG cle

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. The records for ´R. aquatilis´ from North and South America are tentatively included here following Wiegleb & Bobrov.

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium mongolicum (Krylov) V.I.Krecz.; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 350 (1937)

= Batrachium mongolicum subsp. setosissimum A.P.Khokhr.; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol., n. s. 89(2): 109 (1984)

= Batrachium setosissimum (A.P.Khokhr.) A.P.Khokhr. & V.N.Pavlov; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol., n. s. 94(5): 99 (1989)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. mongolicus Krylov; Fl. Zapadn. Sibiri 5: 1180 (1931)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. hispidulus Drew; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 16: 150 (1889)

= Ranunculus setosissimus (A.P.Khokhr.) Luferov; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 99(1): 92 (1994)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. hispidulus (Drew) W.B.Drew; Rhodora 38: 29 (1936)

species :

Ranunculus monopetalus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. monopetalus Julin

species :

Ranunculus monophyllus Ovcz.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada RSFSR 3: 54 (1922)

Distribution: E-European Russia; N-European Russia; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; China (N-Hebei, Heilongjiang, Nei Mongol, Shanxi, Xinjiang); Mongolia; W-Alaska

14 RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ 36 CHI 37 MON

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus anadyriensis Ovcz.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R. S. F. S. R. 3: 56 (1922)

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. sibiricus (Glehn) Korsh.; Fl. Vost. Eur. Ross. 1: 89 (1892)

= Ranunculus auricomus var. sibiricus Glehn; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4(1): 16 (1876)

= Ranunculus krylovii Ovcz.; Fl. URSS 7: 741, pl. 24: 1 (1937)

= Ranunculus monophyllus f. latisectus Ovcz.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada RSFSR 3: 55 (1922)

= Ranunculus monophyllus var. anadyriensis (Ovcz.) Tolm.; Arktich. Fl. SSSR 6: 216 (1971)

= Ranunculus ochotensis Rozanova ex Ovcz.; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 382 (1937)

= Ranunculus sibiricus Adams; Nouv. Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 3: 246 (1834) (not Spreng. (1831))

species :

Ranunculus monspeliacus L.; Sp. Pl. 553 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. monspeliacus

Distribution: Germany [I]; NE-Spain; ?Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; ?Morocco

11 ger 12 COR FRA SAR SPA 13 ITA SIC

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus albicans Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 6: 10 (1847)

= Ranunculus cylindricus Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon sér. 2, 7: 429 (1861)

= Ranunculus gonnetii Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 433.(1861)

= Ranunculus lugdunensis Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 431 (1861)

= Ranunculus monspessulanus Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 432 (1861)

= Ranunculus schowii Tineo; G. Gussone, Fl. Sicul. Syn. 2: 889 (1845)

variant :

var. rotundifolius DC.; Lam. & A. P. de Candolle, Fl. Franç., éd. 3 6: 638 (1815)

Distribution: France; Italy; Sicily

12 FRA 13 ITA SIC

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cyclophyllus Jord. ex Boreau; Fl. Centre France, éd. 3 2: 19 (1857)

= Ranunculus monspeliacus subsp. saxatilis (Balb.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 8. (1878)

= Ranunculus rotundifolius Jord.; Diagn. Esp. Nouv.: 66 (1864)

= Ranunculus saxatilis Balb.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Turin, Sci. Phys. 1: 27 (1804)

= Ranunculus saxatilis Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné: 50 (1779)

subspecies :

subsp. aspromontanus (Huter) Peruzzi & N.G.Passal.; Willdenowia 33(2): 263 (2003)

Distribution: S-Italy

13 ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus spicatus subsp. aspromontanus (Huter) Greuter & Burdet; Willdenowia 19: 46 (1989)

= Ranunculus aspromontanus Huter; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 53: 490 (1903)

species :

Ranunculus montanus Willd.; Sp. Pl. 2: 1321 (1799)

Name: Berg-Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; European Russia

11 AUT GER LIE SWI 12 FRA 13 CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA SLV SRB 14 RUS

Remarks: breyninus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculastrum gracile Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 324 (1868)

= Ranunculus arolae Murr; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 22: 64 (1916)

= Ranunculus gelidus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 18 (1866)

= Ranunculus geraniifolius f. glabratus Domin; 233 (1930)

= Ranunculus geraniifolius f. macropus Domin; 234 (1930)

= Ranunculus geraniifolius f. nudus Domin; 233 (1930)

= Ranunculus geraniifolius Pourr.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Toulouse 3: 326 (1788)

= Ranunculus geraniifolius Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France 1: 93 (1893) (nom. illeg.)

= Ranunculus gouanii Sm.; A. Rees, Cycl. 29: no. 41 (1815)

= Ranunculus lerchenfeldianus Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 14 (1853)

= Ranunculus lycoctonifolius Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz (Hegetschweiler) 544 (1839)

= Ranunculus minutus Leyb.; Flora 37: 369 (1854)

= Ranunculus montanus f. emarginatus Zapal.; 234 (1909)

= Ranunculus montanus f. glabratus Zapal.; 233 (1909)

= Ranunculus montanus f. morskiensis Zapal.; 234 (1909)

= Ranunculus montanus f. pieninus Zapal.; 234 (1909)

= Ranunculus montanus f. pluricaulis Zapal.; 233 (1909)

= Ranunculus montanus f. tatrensis Zapal.; 234 (1909)

= Ranunculus montanus var. niemiroviensis Zapal.; 234 (1909)

= Ranunculus polymorphus Rochel; Bot. Reise Banat.: 74 (1838)

= Ranunculus preslii Weihe ex Opiz; Naturalientausch 11: 346 (1826)

= Ranunculus schurii Fuss ex Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 16 (1866)

= Ranunculus szurulensis Lerchenf. ex Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 14 (1853)

= Ranunculus tenuifolius (DC.) Schleich.; Cat. Pl. Helv., ed. 4: 28 (1821)

= Ranunculus trilobatus Kit. ex Schltdl.; Animadv. Bot. Ranunc. Cand. 2: 21 (1820)

= Ranunculus tuberosus Schur; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 11: 82 (1861)

species :

Ranunculus montellii (Markl. ex Valta) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. montellii Markl. ex Valta; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(2): 23 (1975)

species :

Ranunculus monticola (Demarsin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Belgium

11 BGM

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. monticola Demarsin

species :

Ranunculus montigenitus L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 156 (1948). 40: 156 (1948)

Distribution: Mexico

79 MEX

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Ranunculus montiswilhelmi P.Royen; Alp. Fl. New Guinea 3: 1339 (1982)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus montserratii Grau; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 20: 15 (1984)

Distribution: Spain (Castilla y León)

12 SPA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. montserratii (Grau) A.Segura & Mateo; Stud. Bot. (Salamanca) 14: 198 (1995 publ. 1996)

species :

Ranunculus montserratioides Dunkel; Stapfia 112: 21 (2021)

Distribution: Spain (Castilla y León, La Rioja, Soria)

12 SPA

Remarks: auricomus agg., boreoapenninus group

species :

Ranunculus moorii W.Koch ex Dunkel; Bauhinia 23: 50 (2011)

Distribution: Switzerland

11 SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus morii (Yamam.) Ohwi; J. Jap. Bot. 12: 333 (1936)

Distribution: N-Taiwan

38 TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Anemone taraoi var. morii Yamam.; Suppl. Icon. Pl. Formos. 3: 26 (1927)

= Ranunculus taizanensis Yamam.; Journ. Soc. Trop. Agric., Taiwan 4: 188 (1932)

species :

Ranunculus mosanus (Demarsin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Belgium

11 BGM

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. mosanus Demarsin

species :

Ranunculus mosbachensis Haas; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 29: 8 (1952)

Name: Mosbacher Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus moseleyi Hook.f.; Phil. Trans. 168: 10 (1879)

Distribution: Marion Isl.; Prince Edward Isl.; Iles Crozet; Iles Kerguélen

91 CRZ KEG MPE

species :

Ranunculus mosellanus Dunkel; Kochia 7: 51 (2013)

Name: Mosel-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Rheinland-Pfalz)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus muelleri Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 13 (1863)

Distribution: Australia (high altitudes in S-New South Wales, Victoria)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus multicaulis D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 34 (1831)

Distribution: Mexico (Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico State, Puebla, Veracruz); Guatemala

79 MEX 80 GUA

variant :

var. cuchumatanensis T.Duncan; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 77: 61 (1980)

Distribution: Guatemala; Costa Rica

80 COS GUA

species :

Ranunculus multidens Dunkel; Webbia 66(2): 188 (-191; figs.) (2011)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus multifidus Forssk.; Fl. Aeg.-Arab. 102 (1775)

Distribution: Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir); Yemen (N-Inner Yemen, W-Yemen)

22 NGA 23 BIO BUR CMN RWA ZAI 24 ERI ETH SOM SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT LES NAM SAF SWZ 29 MDG 35 SAU YEM

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus extensus (Hook.f.) Schube ex Engl.; Abh. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. 1891 2: 218 (1892)

= Ranunculus forskoehlii DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 303 (nom. illeg.) (1817)

= Ranunculus madagascariensis Freyn; Abh. Naturwiss. Vereins Bremen 7: 7 (1880)

= Ranunculus membranaceus Fresen.; Mus. Senckenberg. ii. 270 (1837)

= Ranunculus pinnatus Poir.; Encycl. (Lam.) 6(1): 126 (1804)

= Ranunculus pinnatus subsp. madagascariensis (Freyn) H.Perrier

= Ranunculus pubescens Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap. 1: 94 (1794)

= Ranunculus rutenbergii Freyn; Abh. Naturwiss. Vereins Bremen 7: 9 (1880)

= Ranunculus striatus Hochst.; Flora 24: I. Intell. 28, nomen (1841), et ex Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 8

= Ranunculus udus Freyn; Bremen, Abh. 7: 10 (1880)

= Stylurus fistulosus Raf.; Fl. Ludov.: 28 (1817)

species :

Ranunculus multilobus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 676 (2018)

Name: Pertenhall Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Bedfordshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus multipartitus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. multipartitus Julin

species :

Ranunculus multiscapus Hook.f.; Bot. Antarct. Voy. II. (Fl. Nov.-Zel.). 1: 9., t. 5 (1852)

Distribution: New Zealand

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus lappaceus var. macrophyllus Kirk; (1899)

= Ranunculus lappaceus var. multiscapus (Hook.f.) Hook.f.; (1864)

= Ranunculus muricatulus Colenso; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 23: 381 (1890 publ. 1891)

species :

Ranunculus multisectus Haas; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 30: 29 (1954)

Name: Vielteiliger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus multistamineus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. multistamineus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus multistaminifer (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. multistaminifer Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 87 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus munroanus J.R.Drumm. ex Dunn; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1925(6): 279-280 (1925)

Distribution: W-Tibet; Pakistan (Swat, Deosai, Hazara, Pakistani Kashmir); Nepal; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)

36 TIB 40 IND NEP PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus munroanus var. minor M.Tamura; Pl. W. Pak. 63. (1964)

species :

Ranunculus munzurensis Erik & Yildirim; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 40: 51 1, ff. 1-2 (1983)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: cadmicus agg.

species :

Ranunculus muonioensis (Montell ex Valta) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. muonioensis Montell ex Valta; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(2): 26 (1975)

species :

Ranunculus muricatus L.; Sp. Pl. 555 (1753)

Name: Spinyfruit buttercup (EN); Stachelfrüchtiger Hahnenfuß (DE); Ranunculo centella (ES)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; +Monaco; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread, incl. most islands); Crete (widespread); Moldova; Ukraine; European Russia; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Faial); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); South Africa [I] (W-Cape Prov. [I]); Mauritius [I]; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos, Kastellorhizo Isl.); Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost, Takhar); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, Asir); United Arab Emirates; Oman (Mascat & Oman); China [I] (Anhui [I], Jiangsu [I], Shanghai [I], Zhejiang [I]); South Korea [I]; Japan [I]; Pakistan (Baluchistan, N. W. Frontier Prov., Chitral, Swat, Hazara, Pakistani Punjab, Gilgit, Azad Kashmir); Nepal; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); Norfolk Isl. [I]; New Zealand [I]; Hawaii [I] (Hawaii Isl. [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Louisiana [I], Mississippi [I], Oregon [I], South Carolina [I], Texas [I], Washington State [I]); Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Paraguay [I]; Uruguay [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Araucanía [I], Los Rios [I], Magallanes [I]); Juan Fdz. Isl.

11 ger 12 BAL COR FRA GIB MCO POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA PEL PTL ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY MDR 27 saf 29 mau 32 KAZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 35 OMA SAU UAE 36 chi 38 jap kor 40 IND NEP PAK 50 aus nfk 51 nzl 63 haw 73 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 83 ecu per 85 arg cle JNF par uru

Synonyms: hidden

= Notophilus muricatus (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 325 (1868)

= Ranunculus cabulicus Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 1: 9 (1854)

= Ranunculus coronatus Ehrenb. ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. (Boiss.) 1: 56 (1867)

= Ranunculus echinatus Vent.; Descr. Pl. Nouv.: t. 73 (1802)

= Ranunculus graecus Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 1: 314 (1843)

= Ranunculus lavrentiadis Papan. & Kokkini; Feddes Repert. 94(9-10): 591 (1983)

= Ranunculus lobatus Moench; Methodus (Moench) 214 (1794), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus microcarpus Bertol.; Misc. Bot. 22: 17 (1862)

= Ranunculus muricatus var. brasilianus DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 299 (1818)

= Ranunculus muricatus var. carolinus DC.; Syst. Nat. 1: 299 (1817)

= Ranunculus muricatus var. graecus (Griseb.) Heldr. & Sart. ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient 1: 56 (1867)

= Ranunculus muricatus var. marginatus Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 75 (1894)

= Ranunculus muricatus var. pygmaea Pit.; Iles Canaries [Pit. & Proust]: 88 ´1908´ (1909)

= Ranunculus muricatus var. tucumanicus DC.; Syst. Nat. 1: 299 (1817)

= Ranunculus palaris Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 69 (1894)

= Ranunculus pseudomuricatus Blatt. & Hallb.; Journ. Ind. Bot. 1: 54 (1919)

= Ranunculus ventricosus Vent.; Descr. Pl. Nouv.: t. 73 (1802)

variant :

var. emuricatus (Majeed Kak) Fayaz & Dar; Pleione 11(2): 476 (2017)

Distribution: NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus emuricatus Majeed Kak; Biol. Bull. India 3(3): 154, t. 1, fig. 3 (1981)

= Ranunculus muricatus var. emuricatus G.H.Dar & Kachroo; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 16(3): 651 (1992), without latin descr.

species :

Ranunculus muscigenus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 6(1): 30-31, f. 2 (1986)

Distribution: SE-Tibet (Mainling Xian)

36 TIB

species :

Ranunculus muscoveanus Dunkel; Kochia 15: 70 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus mutinensis Pignatti; Giorn. Bot. Ital. 110: 213 (1976)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: Status uncertain, auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus myosuroides Boiss. & Kotschy; Boiss., Diagn. ser. 2, 5: 6 (1856)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon)

34 IRQ LEB TUR

species :

Ranunculus nankotaizanus Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 2(3): 155 (1933)

Distribution: Taiwan (Nanhu Dashan)

38 TAI

species :

Ranunculus nannfeldtii (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. nannfeldtii Julin

species :

Ranunculus nanus Hook.; J. Bot. [Hooker] 1: 242 (1834)

Distribution: Australia (Tasmania)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus lappaceus var. nanus (Hook.) Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 13 (1863)

= Ranunculus rivularis var. nanus (Hook.) Rodway; Tasman. Fl. 2 (1903)

species :

Ranunculus napahaiensis W.T.Wang & L.Liao; Guihaia 29(4): 427 (2009)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus natans C.A.Mey.; Ledeb., Fl. Alt. 2: 315 (1830)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Primorye); Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Kunar / Nuristan, Parwan); China (Heilongjiang, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Xinjiang); Tibet; Mongolia; Pakistan (Gilgit, Astor, Baltistan, Chitral); Nepal; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)

30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 40 IND NEP PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus baicalensis Turcz. ex Ovcz.; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 356 (1937)

= Ranunculus hyperboreus var. natans (C.A.Mey.) Regel; Bull. S. Nat. Moscou 34(2): 43 (1861)

= Ranunculus natans f. microphyllus Krasnob.; Sist. Zam. Mater. Gerb. Tomsk Gos. Univ., 85(27): 2 (1974) (1975)

species :

Ranunculus neapolitanus Ten.; Ind. Sem. Hort. Neap. (1825) 11. n. 22

Name: Neapolitanischer Knollen-Hahnenfuß (DE); Naples Buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Hungary; Portugal; Spain; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread mainland, most islands, but rare Kiklades); Crete; European Russia; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Azores (Sao Miguel Isl.); Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Kos, Karpathos, Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Cyprus (N-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains)

11 HUN 12 COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 KRY RUS 20 ALG MOR 21 AZO 33 AZE GEO NCS 34 CYP EAI LEB SYR TUR

Remarks: bulbosus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus adscendens Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 2: 370 (1804)

= Ranunculus aleae Willk.; Linnaea 30: 84 (1859 publ. 1860)

= Ranunculus balearicus Freyn; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 26: 158 (1876)

= Ranunculus bipinnatus Pau & Font Quer; Font Quer, Iter Marocc. 1927 no. 209 (1928), in sched.

= Ranunculus broteroi Freyn; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 930 (1880)

= Ranunculus bulbosus subsp. adscendens (Brot.) J.Neves; Contr. Portug. Ranunc.: 170 (1944)

= Ranunculus bulbosus subsp. aleae (Willk.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France 1: 106 (1893)

= Ranunculus bulbosus subsp. broteroi (Freyn) Vasc.; Bol. Soc. Brot. ser. 2, 44: 81 (1970)

= Ranunculus bulbosus subsp. gallecicus (Freyn ex Willk.) P.W.Ball & Heywood; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 66: 151 (1962)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. apiifolius Pau & Font Quer; Font Quer, Iter Marocc. 1927 no. 208 (1928), in sched.

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. gallaecicus (Freyn ex Willk.) G.López; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 41(2): 474 (1984) (1985)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. giganteus Ball; Spicil. Fl. Marocc. [Ball]: 307 (1877)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. glabrescens Maire

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. hirtus Briq.

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. leiopodus Briq.; Prodr. Fl. Corse 1: 621 (1910)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. neapolitanus (Ten.) Coss.; Notes Pl. Crit. 1: 3 (1849)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. pomelianus Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 25: 287 (1934)

= Ranunculus bulbosus var. radicosus Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 17: 24 (1927)

= Ranunculus cengialtii A.Kern. ex Freyn; Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol 35: 269 (1893)

= Ranunculus constantinopolitanus Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 29: I. 281 (1856)

= Ranunculus eriophyllus K.Koch; Linnaea 19: 46 (1846)

= Ranunculus gallecicus Freyn ex Willk.; Ill. Fl. Hispan. 1: 100 (1883)

= Ranunculus gasparrinii Lojac.; Malpighia 20: 95 (1906)

= Ranunculus heucherifolius C.Presl; Fl. Sicula: 15 (1826)

= Ranunculus neapolitanus subsp. tommasinii (Rchb.) Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 132 (1935)

= Ranunculus occidentalis Freyn; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 929 (1880) (non Nutt. in Torr. & A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 22 (1838))

= Ranunculus palustris L. ex Sm.; A. Rees, Cycl. 29: no. 52 (1815)

= Ranunculus panormitanus Tod.; Alti Acc. Sci. Palermo, N. S. 1: 15 (1845)

= Ranunculus repentifolius Pau; Bol. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 22: 56 (1922)

= Ranunculus sennenii Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 6: 24 (1907)

= Ranunculus vaginalis Port. ex Freyn; Kennt. Ranunc.: 26 (1890)

species :

Ranunculus nematolobus Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Horti Gothob. 13(4): 148 (1939)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus altaicus var. sulphureus Finet & Gagnep.

= Ranunculus affinis var. capillaceus Franch.; Pl. Delavay. 19 (1890)

= Ranunculus affinis var. filiformis Finet & Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 315 (1904)

= Ranunculus tanguticus var. capillaceus (Franch.) L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 28: 297 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus nemoricola (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. nemoricola Markl.

species :

Ranunculus nemorosifolius Hörandl & Gutermann; Bot. Jahrb., 120(4): 568 (1998)

Distribution: Austria (Graz); Slovenia (Ljubljana)

11 AUT 13 SLV

species :

Ranunculus neoascendens Dunkel; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 66: 10 (2014)

Distribution: France (Alsace)

12 FRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus ascendens (R.Engel) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 133 (1992)

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. ascendens R.Engel; Bull. Assoc. Philom. Alsace Lorraine 13(1): 76 (1968)

species :

Ranunculus neocuneatus C.C.Towns.; Taxon 16: 467 (1967)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (Jbel Druze)

34 IRQ LEB SYR TUR

Remarks: oxyspermus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cuneatus Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 8: 2 (1849) (non Sommerf. 1832-1833)

= Ranunculus cuneilaminatus Greuter & Burdet; Willdenowia 19: 45 (1989)

species :

Ranunculus nephelogenes Edgew.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 20(1): 28 (1846)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; China (W-Gansu, Qinghai, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal

32 KAZ 36 CHI TIB 40 NEP

Remarks: often included in R. pulchellus

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus affinis var. tibeticus Maxim.; Fl. Tangut.: 14 (1889)

= Ranunculus pulchellus var. tibeticus (Maxim.) Yonek.; H. Ohba & al. (eds.), Fl. Mustang [Nepal]: 90 (2008)

= Ranunculus longicaulis var. nephelogenes (Edgew.) L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 28: 269 (1980)

variant :

var. furcatilobatus W.T.Wang; Guihaia 42(1): 2 (2022)

Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet

36 CHI TIB

variant :

var. longicaulis (Trautv.) W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(2): 110 (1987)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; China (Gansu, NE-Qinghai, Shanxi, Xinjiang); W-Tibet; Mongolia

32 KAZ 36 CHI TIB 37 MON

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus pulchellus var. longicaulis Trautv.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 33: 68 (1860)

variant :

var. tianschanicus Rupr.; Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Petersbourg (Ser. 7) 14: 37. (1869)

Distribution: Tajikistan

32 TZK

species :

Ranunculus nephrodes (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. nephrodes Markl.

species :

Ranunculus nephromorphus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. nephromorphus Julin

species :

Ranunculus nephrophyllus (Julin) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 81 (1992) 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. nephrophyllus Julin

species :

Ranunculus neumanii (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Norway; Sweden

10 NOR SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus monophyllus subsp. neumanii Julin

species :

Ranunculus nicklesii (Engel) Borch.-Kolb; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21(1): 245 (1985)

Name: Nicklès-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Sachsen); NW-Switzerland; E-France (Alsace)

11 GER SWI 12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. nicklesi R.Engel; Bull. Assoc. Philom. Alsace Lorraine 13(1): 84 (1968)

species :

Ranunculus niepolomicensis Jasiewicz; Fragm. Florist. & Geobot., Krakow 2: 1. 97 (1956)

Distribution: Poland; Slovakia; Belarus

11 POL SLO 14 BLR

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. niepolomicensis (Jasiewicz) Jasiewicz; Fl. Polski Rosl. Naczyniowe, ed. 2, 4: 77 (1985)

species :

Ranunculus nigellus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. nigellus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 88 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus nigrescens Freyn; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 921 (1880)

Distribution: Portugal; Spain

12 POR SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus spicatus Planellas; Ensayo Fl. Gallega: 54 (1852) non Desf.

= Ranunculus urbionicus Pau; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 16: 73 (1906)

species :

Ranunculus niphophilus B.G.Briggs; Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 84: 321 (1960)

Distribution: Australia (S-New South Wales: Mt Kosciuszko plateau)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus nipponicus Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 42: 19 (1928)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku)

31 RFE 38 JAP

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. Often called ´R. kauffmannii´ in regional floras

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium nipponicum (Nakai) Czerep.; Sosud. Rast. SSSR: see Kitam. in Acta Phytotax. Geobot., 417 (1981), isonym 20: 204 (1962)

= Batrachium nipponicum (Nakai) Kitam.; Kitam. & Murata, Col. Ill. Herb. Pl. Jap., Choripet., 248 (1961)

= Batrachium yezoense (Nakai) Kitam.; Kitam. & Murata, Col. Ill. Herb. Pl. Jap., Choripet., 249 (1961), et in Acta Phytotax. & Geobot., Kyoto 20: 204 (1962)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. nipponicus Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 24: 284 (1910), nomen

= Ranunculus nipponicus var. ohtagawensis Wiegleb; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 39: 129 (1988)

= Ranunculus nipponicus var. okayamensis Wiegleb; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 39: 129 (1988)

= Ranunculus yezoensis Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 44: 523 (1930)

species :

Ranunculus nissaensis Dunkel; Kochia 15: 153 (2022)

Name: Neiße-Goldhahnenfuß

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus nivalis L.; Sp. Pl. 553 (1753)

Name: Schnee-Hahnenfuß (DE), Snow buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Svalbard; N-Sweden; Norway; Finland; N-European Russia; Siberia (Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Kuril Isl., Magadan); Alaska; Aleutes; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Québec, Yukon, Canadian Arctic Isl.: Baffin Isl., N-Québec, Nunavut, Banks Isl., Prince of Wales Isl., Melville Isl., Devon Isl., Axel Heiberg Isl., Ellesmere Island, etc.)

10 FIN NOR SVA SWE 14 RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus aleuticus Mert.; Linnaea 5: 65 (1830)

= Ranunculus alpestris Pall.; Reise Russ. Reich. 2: 568 (1773)

= Ranunculus cuneatus Sommerf.; Mag. Naturvid. II. 1: 238 (1832)

= Ranunculus frigidus Willd.; Sp. Pl. ii., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 35 (1812)

= Ranunculus jacquinii K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; F. C. L. Spenner, Fl. Friburg. 3: 1020 (1829)

= Ranunculus lapponicus Oeder; G. C. Oeder & al. (eds.), Fl. Dan. 1: t. 144 (1764)

= Ranunculus nivalis f. subglobosus Polunin; Bull. Natl. Mus. Canada 92: 215 (1940)

= Ranunculus nivalis var. gracilis Kuvaev; Arkt. Tundry Taimyra i Ostr. Karsk. Morya 2: 56 (1994)

species :

Ranunculus nivicola Hook.; Ic. Pl. t. 571 (1844)

Distribution: New Zealand (Mt. Taranaki, C-Volcanoes, Kaweka Range, Raukumara Range)

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus reticulatus Colenso; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 20: 188 1887 (1888)

species :

Ranunculus nodiflorus L.; Sp. Pl. 549 (1753)

Name: Knotenblütiger Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; France; Corsica

11 ger 12 COR FRA POR SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus nodiflorus var. dentatus Rchb.; 725 (1832)

species :

Ranunculus nontunensis (Julin & Nannf.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. nontunensis Julin & Nannf.; Acta Phytogeogr. Suec. 68: 99 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus noricus Hörandl & Gutermann; Phyton (Horn) 37(2): 289 (1998)

Distribution: Austria

11 AUT

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus notabilis Hörandl & Gutermann; Phyton (Horn) 37(2): 268 (1998)

Distribution: SE-Austria; Slovenia; Croatia

11 AUT 13 CRO SLV

Remarks: auricomus agg., one of very few sexually reproducing members of auricomus agg. (see Karbstein et al. 2020)

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus austroslovenicus Dunkel; Willdenowia 48(2): 230 (2018)

= Ranunculus calapius Dunkel; Willdenowia 48(2): 234 (2018)

= Ranunculus mediocompositus Dunkel; Willdenowia 48(2): 243 (2018)

= Ranunculus peracris Dunkel; Willdenowia 48(2): 246 (2018)

= Ranunculus subcarniolicus Dunkel; Willdenowia 48(2): 249 (2018)

species :

Ranunculus notauricomus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 675 (2018)

Name: Weald Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Surrey, Kent, Sussex)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus nothus (Mela) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; E-European Russia; N-European Russia

10 FIN 14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus var. nothus Mela

species :

Ranunculus nubigenus Kunth ex DC.; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 5: 42 (1821)

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Cauca, Cesar, Cundinamarca, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Quindío, Santander, Valle); Venezuela (Lara, Merida, Tachira); Ecuador; Peru

82 CLM VEN 83 ECU PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Oxygraphis nubigena (Humb., Bonpl. & Kunth ex DC.) Prantl; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 9: 262 (1887)

= Ranunculus bonariensis var. heterophyllus (Sm.) Benoist

= Ranunculus heterophyllus Sm.; A. Rees, Cycl. 29: no. 12 (1815) non Pers.

= Ranunculus kunthii Triana & Planch.; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. IV. 17: 12 (1862)

species :

Ranunculus nubiliviridis A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 672 (2018)

Name: St Peter´s Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Suffolk)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus nyalamensis W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 293 (1995)

Distribution: S-Tibet (Nyalam Xian)

36 TIB

variant :

var. angustipetalus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 294 (1995)

Distribution: S-Tibet (Nagarze Xian)

36 TIB

species :

Ranunculus oaxacensis Briq.; Ann. Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 11: & 12: 179 (1908)

Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz, Oaxaca)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus geoides var. oaxacensis (Briq.) L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 93 (1948)

species :

Ranunculus obesicaulis A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 676 (2018)

Name: Bradfield Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Suffolk)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus obesus Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 3 2: 275 (1875)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia)

33 ARM GEO 34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus tempskyanus Freyn & Sint.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 35 (1895)

species :

Ranunculus obliquifolius (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. obliquifolius Julin

species :

Ranunculus oblitus Wiegleb, Desfayes & A.A.Bobrov; Phytotaxa 559(2): 136 (2022)

Distribution: Bolivia; Argentina (Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Magallanes)

83 BOL 85 ARG CLE

Remarks: subgen. Batrachium

species :

Ranunculus oblongus (Julin) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 81 (1992) 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. oblongus Julin

species :

Ranunculus obovatilobatus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 674 (2018)

Name: Gransden Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus obovatus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. obovatus Julin

species :

Ranunculus obscurans (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. obscurans Markl.

species :

Ranunculus obscuraster (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. obscuraster Julin

species :

Ranunculus obscurisepalus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. obscurisepalus Julin

species :

Ranunculus obscuroviridis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. obscuroviridis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 90 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus obtruncatus (Markl.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 86(2): 81 (1992), et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. obtruncatus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus obtusidens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. obtusidens Julin

species :

Ranunculus obtusidentatus W.Koch ex Dunkel; Bauhinia 23: 42 (2011)

Distribution: Switzerland

11 SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus obtusidentiformis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. obtusidentiformis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 91 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus obtusitectus Dunkel; Stapfia 112: 20 (2021)

Distribution: Spain (Castilla y León: Montana Palatina)

12 SPA

Remarks: auricomus agg., boreoapenninus group

species :

Ranunculus occidentalis Nutt.; Torr. & A. Gray, Fl. N. Am. 1: 22, excl. syn. (1838)

Name: Western buttercup

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Nevada, Oregon, Washington State)

70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus alceus Greene; Erythea 3: 69 (1895)

= Ranunculus arcuatus A.Heller; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24: 310 (1897)

= Ranunculus bongardii subsp. douglasii (Howell) Piper & Beattie; Fl. N. W. Coast: 159 (1915)

= Ranunculus bongardii var. douglasii (Howell) K.C.Davis; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 2: 479 (1900)

= Ranunculus bongardii var. tenellus (A.Gray) Greene; Erythea 3: 54 (1895)

= Ranunculus ciliosus Howell; Fl. N. W. Amer.: 17 (1897)

= Ranunculus douglasii Howell; Fl. N. W. Amer. (Howell) 1: 18 (1897)

= Ranunculus howellii Greenm.; T. J. Howell, Fl. N. W. Amer.: 17 (1897)

= Ranunculus marmorarius Jeps. & Tracy; W. L. Jepson, Fl. Calif. 1: 542 (1921)

= Ranunculus nelsonii var. tenellus A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 374 (1872)

= Ranunculus occidentalis var. alceus (Greene) Jeps.; Fl. Calif. 1: 540 (1922)

= Ranunculus occidentalis var. dissectus L.F.Hend.; Rhodora 32: 25 (1930)

= Ranunculus occidentalis var. eisenii (Kellogg) A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 373 (1886)

= Ranunculus occidentalis var. howellii (Greene) Greene; Pittonia 3: 14 (1896)

= Ranunculus occidentalis var. laevicaulis Suksd.; W. Amer. Sci. 15: 58 (1906)

= Ranunculus occidentalis var. lyallii A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 373 (1886)

= Ranunculus occidentalis var. rattanii (Howell) A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 373 (1886)

= Ranunculus occidentalis var. robustus A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 373 (1886)

= Ranunculus occidentalis var. tenellus A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 373 (1886)

= Ranunculus occidentalis var. ultramontanus Greene; Pittonia 3: 13 (1896)

= Ranunculus rattanii Howell; Fl. N. W. Amer.: 17 (1897)

= Ranunculus tenellus Nutt.; Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1(1): 23 (1838)

= Ranunculus tenellus var. lyallii (A.Gray) B.L.Rob.; A. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1(1): 33 (1895)

= Ranunculus tenuipes A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 1: 50 (1904)

= Ranunculus ultramontanus (Greene) Greene; Muhlenbergia 6: 11 (1910)

variant :

var. brevistylus Greene; Pittonia 3: 14 (1896)

Distribution: Alaska; Aleutes; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Yukon)

70 ASK CDN 71 CDN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus occidentalis subsp. insularis Hultén; Acta Univ. Lund., 2 40(1): 762 (1944)

variant :

var. hexasepalus L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 68: 167 (1941)

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia: Queen Charlotte Isl.)

71 CDN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus hexasepalus (L.D.Benson) L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 55 (1948)

variant :

var. nelsonii (DC.) L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 68: 166 (1941)

Name: Nelson´s buttercup

Distribution: Aleutes; SE-Alaska

70 ASK

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus nelsonii (DC.) A.Gray; Proc. Am. Acad. 8: 374 (1872)

= Ranunculus nelsonii subsp. insularis Hultén; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 30: 526, fig. 1b (1936)

= Ranunculus nelsonii var. glabriusculus Holz.; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 3: 210 (1895)

= Ranunculus occidentalis subsp. nelsonii (DC.) Hultén; Acta Univ. Lund. 2 40: 762 (1944)

= Ranunculus recurvatus var. nelsonii DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 290 (1817)

species :

Ranunculus oculatidens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. oculatidens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus oinonenii (Valta) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. oinonenii Valta

species :

Ranunculus oligandroides (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. oligandroides Markl.

species :

Ranunculus oligandromorphus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. oligandromorphus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 92 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus oligandrus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN SWE 14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. oligandrus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus oligocarpos Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 5 (1847)

Distribution: Ethiopia; Kenya

24 ETH 25 KEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus abyssinicus Schube ex Engl.; Abh. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. 2: 219 (1891 publ. 1892)

species :

Ranunculus oligodon Dunkel; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 66: 25 (2014)

Distribution: France (Alsace)

12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus oligophyllus Pissjauk.; Not. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS 13: 76 (1950)

Distribution: Uzbekistan

32 UZB

species :

Ranunculus ollissiponensis Pers.; Syn. Pl. 2: 106 (1806)

subspecies :

subsp. ollissiponensis

Distribution: Portugal; Spain

12 POR SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus blepharicarpos Lange; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1865: 57 (1865)

= Ranunculus escurialensis Boiss. & Reut. ex Freyn; M. Willkomm & J. M. C. Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 922 (1880)

= Ranunculus gregarius subsp. nevadensis (Willk.) P.W.Ball & Heywood; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 66: 152 (1962)

= Ranunculus gregarius var. nevadensis (Willk.) Rivas Mart.; An. Inst. Bot. A. J. Cavanilles 36: 303 (1979) (1980)

= Ranunculus nevadensis Willk.; Linnaea 30: 85 (1859 publ. 1860)

= Ranunculus suborbiculatus Freyn; M. Willkomm & J. M. C. Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 921 (1880)

subspecies :

subsp. alpinus (Boiss. & Reut.) Grau; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 20: 53 (1984)

Distribution: C- & NC-Spain

12 SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus carpetanus var. alpinus Boiss. & Reut.; Biblioth. Universelle Geneve ser. 2, 38: 195 (1842)

subspecies :

subsp. carpetanus (Boiss. & Reut.) Rivas Mart.; Itinera Geobot. 15(2): 706 (2002)

Distribution: Spain

12 SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus carpetanus Boiss. & Reut.; Biblioth. Universelle Genève ser. 2, 38: 195 (1842)

= Ranunculus gregarius subsp. carpetanus (Boiss. & Reut.) P.W.Ball & Heywood; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 66: 152 (1962)

= Ranunculus gregarius var. carpetanus (Boiss. & Reut.) Rivas Mart.; An. Inst. Bot. A. J. Cavanilles 36: 303 (1979) (1980)

species :

Ranunculus olofssonii (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. olofssonii Markl.

species :

Ranunculus ololeucos J.Lloyd; Fl. Loire-Inf.: 3. (1844)

Name: Reinweißer Wasserhahnenfuß (DE); Ranunculo blanco (ES)

Distribution: Netherlands; Belgium; Germany (Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Schleswig-Holstein); Portugal; Spain; France; Canary Isl. [I] (Tenerife [I])

11 BGM GER NET 12 FRA POR SPA 21 cny

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium, hederaceus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium hololeucum (Lloyd) Garcke; Fl. N. Mitt.-Deutschland, ed. 4, 7 (1858), orth. var., isonym

= Batrachium ololeucos (J.Lloyd) Bosch; Prodr. Fl. Bat.: 7 (1850)

= Ranunculus acutilobus Durieu ex Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. de Fr. 1: 62 (1893)

= Ranunculus hederaceus Bourg. ex Freyn; Willk. & Lange, Prod. Fl. Hisp. 3: 908 (1880) non L.

= Ranunculus lusitanicus Freyn; Flora 62: 24 (1880)

= Ranunculus ololeucos var. fluitans Gren. & Godr.; 21 (1847)

= Ranunculus ololeucos var. lusitanicus (Freyn) Franco; Nova Fl. Portugal 1: 551 (1971)

= Ranunculus ololeucos var. pubescens C.D.K.Cook; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 40(2): 473 (1983 publ. 1984)

= Ranunculus ololeucos var. submersus Gren. & Godr.; 21 (1847)

= Ranunculus ololeucos var. terrestris Gren. & Godr.; 21 (1847)

= Ranunculus paucicarpus Arv.-Touv.; Essai Pl. Dauphiné: 17 (1871)

= Ranunculus tripartitus subsp. ololeucos (J.Lloyd) Bonnier & Layens; 7 (1894)

species :

Ranunculus omiophyllus Ten.; Fl. Napol. 4: 338 (1830)

Name: Round-leaved Crowfoot (EN)

Distribution: England (England, Wales, S-Scotland, Isle of Man); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); +Netherlands; +Belgium; Portugal; Spain; France; Channel Isl. (Sark); Italy; Sardinia; Sicily; Algeria

10 GRB IRE 11 BGM NET 12 CIS FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ITA SIC 20 ALG

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium, hederaceus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium coenosum (Guss.) Nyman; Bot. Not. 1852: 100 (1852)

= Batrachium hederaceum var. omoiophyllum (Ten.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 16 (1878)

= Batrachium lenormandii (F.W.Schultz) F.W.Schultz; Arch. Fl. France Allemagne: 70 (1844)

= Batrachium omiophyllum (Ten.) C.D.K.Cook; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 3: 600 (1960)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. homophyllus (Ten.) Moris; Fl. Sard. 1: 26 (1837)

= Ranunculus coenosus Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Prodr., Suppl.: 187 (1834)

= Ranunculus hederaceus proles homoeophyllus (Ten.) Rouy & Fouc.; Fl. Fr. 1: 60 (1893)

= Ranunculus hederaceus subsp. coenosus (Guss.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 1: 16 (1878)

= Ranunculus hederaceus var. coenosus (Guss.) Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 15 (1887)

= Ranunculus hederaceus var. homoeophyllus (Ten.) Fiori & Paoletti; Fl. Anal. Ital. 1: 500 (1898)

= Ranunculus hederaceus subsp. omiophyllus (Ten.) Cout.; Fl. Portugal: 230 (1913)

= Ranunculus homoeophyllus Freyn; M. Willkomm & J. M. C. Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 906 (1880), orth. var.

= Ranunculus lenormandii F.W.Schultz; Flora (Regensburg) 20: 726 (1837)

= Ranunculus mauritanicus Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atlant. 249 (1875) (tentative synonym)

= Ranunculus reniformis N.H.F.Desp.; Fl. Sarthe et Mayenne: 3 (1838), nom. illeg., non Wall. ex Wight & Arn.

species :

Ranunculus ophiocladus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. ophiocladus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 36 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus ophioglossifolius Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 3: 731 (1789)

Name: Natternzungenblättriger Hahnenfuß (DE); Ranunculo lengua de serpiente (ES); Adder´s-tongue Spearwort (EN)

Distribution: England (very rare WC- & N-England); Sweden (Gotland); Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; +Channel Isl. (+Jersey); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (scattered mainland, Kerkyra, Ionian Isl., Tinos, Mikonos, Serifos); W-Crete; European Russia; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Canary Isl. (Tenerife); Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Ikaria); Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SW-Anatolia); Iraq (SE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran); Lebanon (coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley); Australia [I] (South Australia [I], Victoria [I]); New Zealand [I]

10 GRB SWE 12 BAL CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 KRY RUS 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 CNY 33 AZE GEO 34 EAI IRN IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR 50 aus 51 nzl

Synonyms: hidden

= Glossophyllum ophioglossifolium (Vill.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon 16: 325 (1868)

= Ranunculus asiaticus Gueldenst.; Reis. Russland (Gueldenst.) i. 193 (1787)

= Ranunculus cochlearifolius Hornem.; Hort. Bot. Hafn. ii. 529 (1815)

= Ranunculus cordifolius Bastard; Essai Fl. Maine et Loire: 207 (1809)

= Ranunculus depressus Georgi; Beschr. Nation. Russ. Reich 3(4): 1070 (1800)

= Ranunculus fistulosus Brign.; Fasc. Rar. Pl.: 25 (1810)

= Ranunculus geoides Siev.; Neueste Nord. Beytr. Phys. Geogr. Erd- Völkerbeschreib. 7: 201 (1796)

= Ranunculus minimus Schltdl.; Animadv. Bot. Ranunc. Cand. 1: 19 (1819)

= Ranunculus ophioglossifolius var. dentatus Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 1: 83 (1893)

= Ranunculus ophioglossifolius var. laevis Chabert; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 29: 111 (1882)

= Ranunculus ophioglossoides Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 (Willd.) 2(2): 1310 (1799)

= Ranunculus oppositifolius Kanitz; Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 13: 513 (1863)

= Ranunculus sardonicus Gueldenst. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.) 1(1): 47 (1841)

= Ranunculus tauricus Pall.; Tabl. Phys. Topogr. Taur. 52 (1795)

= Ranunculus uliginosus Willd.; Enum. Pl. (Willd.) 1: 586 (1809)

species :

Ranunculus opimus O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 131 (1949)

Name: Stattlicher Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Thüringen); Czech Republic

11 CZE GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. opimus (O.Schwarz) R.Engel; Bull. Assoc. Philom. Alsace Lorraine 13: 78 (1968)

species :

Ranunculus orbicans (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; NW-European Russia; Ukraine

10 FIN 14 EST LAT LIT RUS UKR

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. orbicans Markl.

species :

Ranunculus orbiculatus Blume; Boiss., Fl. Suppl. 5 (1888)

Distribution: Lebanon (C-Lebanon)

34 LEB

species :

Ranunculus orbifolius (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. orbifolius Julin

species :

Ranunculus oreionannos C.Marquand & Airy Shaw; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 48(321): 155 (1929)

Distribution: SE-Tibet; Nepal

36 TIB 40 NEP

species :

Ranunculus oreogenes Greene; Pl. Baker [Greene] iii. 2. (1901)

Distribution: USA (Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah)

73 USA 76 USA 77 USA

species :

Ranunculus oreophytus Delile; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 20: 89 (1843)

Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania

23 ZAI 24 ETH SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus gunae Schweinf.; Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 18: 666 (1868)

= Ranunculus oreophytus var. gunae (Schweinf.) Ulbr.

= Ranunculus oreophytus var. lanuriensis De Wild.

= Ranunculus oreophytus var. stolonifer Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 10: 908 (1930)

= Ranunculus tenuirostris Steud. ex Hochst.; Flora 27: 97 (1844)

species :

Ranunculus oresterus L.D.Benson; Amer. J. Bot. 26: 555, et in Am Journ Bot. 1940 27: 187 (1939)

Name: Blue Mountain buttercup

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Oregon)

73 USA

species :

Ranunculus ornatus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. ornatus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus orozganicus Iranshahr & Rech.f.; Fl. Iran., 171: 148 (1992)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Ghazni, Orozgan / Daykundi)

34 AFG

species :

Ranunculus orphnodes (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. orphnodes Markl.

species :

Ranunculus orthocladus (Markl.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 81 (1992) 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. orthocladus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus orthorhynchus Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 1: 21. t. 9 (1829)

Name: Straightbeak buttercup

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus maximus Greene; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 14: 118 (1887)

= Ranunculus orthorhynchus f. stenophyllus A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 377 (1886)

= Ranunculus orthorhynchus subsp. alaschensis (L.D.Benson) Hultén; Acta Univ. Lund. 2 40: 763 (1944)

= Ranunculus orthorhynchus subsp. platyphyllus (A.Gray) Taylor & MacBryde; Canad. J. Bot. 56(2): 189 (1978)

= Ranunculus orthorhynchus var. alaschensis L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 68: 483 (1941)

= Ranunculus orthorhynchus var. hallii Jeps.; Fl. Calif. (Jeps.) 1: 542 (1921)

= Ranunculus orthorhynchus var. maximus (Greene) Jeps.; Fl. W. Calif.: 200 (1901)

= Ranunculus orthorhynchus var. platyphyllus A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 377 (1886)

= Ranunculus platyphyllus (A.Gray) A.Nelson; Bot. Gaz. 42: 52 (1906)

= Ranunculus politus Greene; Pittonia 5: 196 (1903)

variant :

var. bloomeri (S.Watson) Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 101 (1948)

Name: Bloomer´s buttercup

Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus bloomeri S.Watson; Bot. Calif 2: 426 (1880)

species :

Ranunculus ostrobottnicus (Markl. ex G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; Estonia; C-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 EST RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. ostrobottnicus Markl. ex G.Kvist; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(2): 28 (1975)

species :

Ranunculus ovatitoratus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. obtegens Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 91 (1980)

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. ovatitoratus Julin

= Ranunculus obtegens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

species :

Ranunculus ovczinnikovii Kovalevsk.; Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii 3: 218 (1972), nom. nov.

Distribution: Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan

32 KGZ TZK

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus stenopetalus Ovcz.; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 467. 491, 746 (1937)

species :

Ranunculus ovessnovii Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 80(7): 81 (1995)

Distribution: E-European Russia

14 RUS

species :

Ranunculus oxymorphus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. oxymorphus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus oxyodon Hörandl & Gutermann; Phyton (Horn) 37(2): 292 (1998)

Distribution: Austria

11 AUT

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus oxyspermus Willd.; Sp. Pl. 2: 1328 (1799)

Distribution: North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Faryab); Syria (Jazira)

13 BUL NMA ROM 14 KRY MLD RUS UKR 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN IRQ SYR TUR

Remarks: oxyspermus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus mucronatus Bertol.; Nov. Comm. Acad. Bonon. 6: 224. t. 8. (1843)

= Ranunculus oxyspermus var. carthalinicus Kem.-Nath.; Fl. Gruzii, ed. 2, 3: 240 (1975)

variant :

var. curvirostris Mobayen & Maleki; Iranian J. Bot. 2(2): 124 (1984)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Ranunculus pachycarpus B.G.Briggs; Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales 84: 301 (1960)

Distribution: Australia (SE-South Australia, W-New South Wales, Victoria)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus pachyphyton Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Belgium

11 BGM

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. incrassatus Demarsin

species :

Ranunculus pachyrrhizus Hook.f.; Handb. N. Zeal. Fl. 8 (1864)

Distribution: New Zealand (South Isl.)

51 NZL

species :

Ranunculus pacificus (Hultén) L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 79 (1948)

Name: Pacific buttercup (EN)

Distribution: SE-Alaska; ?Canada (?NE-British Columbia)

70 ASK

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus septentrionalis subsp. pacificus Hultén; Acta Univ. Lund. 2, 40, no. 1: 769 (1944)

species :

Ranunculus paishanensis Kitag.; Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 5: 153 (1941)

Distribution: NE-China (Heilongjiang, Jilin); North Korea; South Korea; Japan

36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus acris subsp. nipponicus (H.Hara) Hultén; Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl. 13(1): 399 (1971)

= Ranunculus acris var. nipponicus H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 13: 777 (1937)

= Ranunculus paishanensis f. oreodoxa (Kitag.) Kitag.; Neo-Lineam. Fl. Manshur.: 308 (1979)

= Ranunculus paishanensis var. oreodoxa Kitag.; Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 5: 153 (1941)

= Ranunculus japonicus var. monticola Kitag.; Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 5: 153 (1941)

= Ranunculus acris var. monticola (Kitag.) M.Tamura; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 16: 111 (1956)

species :

Ranunculus palaeoeuganeus Pignatti; Giorn. Bot. Ital., 110(3): 207 (1976)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

variant :

var. pseudobaldensis Dunkel; Webbia 65(2): 191 (2010)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

species :

Ranunculus palmatifidus Riedl; Kew Bull. 34(2): 362 (1979)

Distribution: India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)

40 IND

species :

Ranunculus palmatilobus Dunkel; Kochia 15: 73 (2022)

Distribution: +Germany (+Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus palmgrenii (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. palmgrenii Markl.

species :

Ranunculus palmularis O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 139 (1949)

Name: Palmenblättriger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Thüringen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Conservation Status: highly endangered, only one population remaining

species :

Ranunculus paltamoensis (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. paltamoensis Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 38 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus paludicola (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. paludicola Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 94(1980)

species :

Ranunculus paludosus Poir.; Voy. Barbarie 2: 184 (1789)

subspecies :

subsp. paludosus

Name: Sumpf-Hahnenfuß (DE); Jersey Buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Channel Isl. (Jersey); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Croatia; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread C- & S-Greece, incl. most islands, rare N-Greece); Crete; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos, Kastellorhizo Isl.); Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (N-Israel); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)

12 BAL CIS COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT SIC SRB TUE 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 34 CYP EAI ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR

Remarks: contains R. chaerophyllos L. sensu auct.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus chaerophylloides Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 6: 5. (1847)

= Ranunculus chaerophyllos subsp. leucothrix Ball; J. Bot. 11: 296 (1873)

= Ranunculus comatus Link ex Schltdl.; Animadv. Bot. Ranunc. Cand. 1: 24 (1819)

= Ranunculus dimorphorhizus Brot.; Phytogr. Lusitan. Select. 2: 227 (1827 publ. 1835)

= Ranunculus flabellatus subsp. rufulus (Brot.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 21: 58 (1930)

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. acinacilobus Freyn; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 3: 923 (1880)

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. confertus Freyn; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 3: 923 (1880)

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. flavescens Freyn

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. granulatus (Pomel) Batt.; Fl. Algerie [Batt. & Trabut] Dicot. 1(1): 12 (1888)

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. leucothrix (Ball) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 20: 30 (1929)

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. manzanoanus Sennen & Mauricio

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. nervosus Ducell. & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 22: 30 (1931)

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. paludosus (Poir.) Batt.

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. pseudomonspeliacus Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 20: 172 (1929)

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. rifeus Sennen & Mauricio; Cat. Fl. Rif Orient.: 2 (1933)

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. robustus (Pomel) Batt.

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. rufulus (Brot.) Batt.; Fl. Algèrie [Batt. & Trabut] Dicot.: 11 (1888)

= Ranunculus granulatus Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atlant.: 380 (1875) (non Griseb., Spic. Fl. Rumel. 1: 306.1843)

= Ranunculus heldreichianus Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 6: 14 (1847)

= Ranunculus leucothrix (Ball) Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 305 (1877)

= Ranunculus marchesinii Lojac.; Giorn. Com. Agric. Palermo, n. s. 18: 79 (1886)

= Ranunculus paludosus var. acinacilobus Freyn; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 3: 923 (1880)

= Ranunculus paludosus var. confertus (Freyn) Emb. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 994 (1941)

= Ranunculus paludosus var. flavescens (Freyn) Emb. & Maire

= Ranunculus paludosus var. granulatus (Pomel) Emb. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 994 (1941)

= Ranunculus paludosus var. leucothrix (Ball) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 404 (1938)

= Ranunculus paludosus var. nervosus (Ducell. & Maire) Emb. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 994 (1941)

= Ranunculus paludosus var. pseudomonspeliacus (Maire) Emb. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 994 (1941)

= Ranunculus paludosus var. robustus (Pomel) Emb. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 994 (1941)

= Ranunculus paludosus var. winkleri (Freyn) P.W.Ball & Heywood; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 66: 153 (1962)

= Ranunculus rhodensis Boiss.; Fl. Orient. Suppl.: 7. (1888)

= Ranunculus robustus Pomel; Bull. Soc. Sci. Phys. Algérie 11: 250 (1874)

= Ranunculus rufulus Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 2: 367 (1804)

= Ranunculus winkleri Freyn; M. Willkomm & J. M. C. Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 922 (1880)

subspecies :

subsp. flabellatus (Desf.) Dobignard; Index Syn. Fl. Afrique N. 5: 200 (2013)

Distribution: Spain; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia

12 SPA 20 ALG MOR TUN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus chaerophyllos var. flabellatus (Desf.) DC.; Syst.Nat.

= Ranunculus flabellatus Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 1: 438 (1798)

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. acutilobus Freyn

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. amphicarpus Pamp.

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. cinerascens Freyn; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 3: 924 (1880)

= Ranunculus flabellatus var. nervosus Maire & Sennen; Cat. Fl. Rif Orient.: 2 (1933), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus paludosus var. acutilobus (Freyn) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 180 (1964)

= Ranunculus paludosus var. amphicarpus (Pamp.) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 182 (1964)

= Ranunculus paludosus var. cinerascens (Freyn) Emb. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 994 (1941)

= Ranunculus paludosus var. flabellatus (Desf.) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 179 (1964)

= Ranunculus paludosus var. subcinerascens Maire & Weiller

species :

Ranunculus paludum (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. paludum Julin

species :

Ranunculus pamiri Korsh.; Bull. Acad. Petersb. Ser. V. 9: 400 (1898)

Distribution: Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Wakhan)

32 TZK 34 AFG

species :

Ranunculus pangiensis Watt; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 377 (1881)

Distribution: Pakistan (Chitral, Drosh, Baltistan); N-India (Himachal Pradesh)

40 IND PAK

species :

Ranunculus pankakoskii (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pankakoskii Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 41 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus pannonicus Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 223, in clavi, 227 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 397 (1965)

Distribution: Austria; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Ukraine

11 AUT CZE SLO 14 UKR

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus papilionaceus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. papilionaceus Julin

species :

Ranunculus papuanus (Merr. & L.M.Perry) H.Eichler; Biblioth. Bot. 31: Heft 124, 76 (1958)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus perindutus var. papuanus Merr. & L.M.Perry; Journ. Arnold Arbor. 24(1): 39 (1943)

species :

Ranunculus papulentus Melville; Kew Bull. 10: 210 (1955)

Distribution: Australia (SE-South Australia, SE-New South Wales, S-Victoria)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus papyrocarpus Rech.f.; Aellen & Esfand., Anz. Oesterr. Akad. Wiss. Math.-Nat. Kl. 89: 221 (1951)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, W-Iran)

34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus macropus Boiss. & Buhse var.papyrocarpus (Rech.f., Allen & Esfand.) Parsa; Fl. Iran 2: 186 (1986)

species :

Ranunculus paralbertsonii (Rasch) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 147 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. paralbertsonii Rasch

species :

Ranunculus parallelus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. parallelus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 95 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus paranephrophyllus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. paranephrophyllus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 96 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus parcipilosus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. parcipilosus Julin

species :

Ranunculus parcisectus (Cedercr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. parcisectus Cedercr.

species :

Ranunculus parnassiifolius L.; Sp. Pl. 549 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. parnassiifolius

Name: Herzblättriger Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Switzerland; Austria; N-Spain; France; Italy

11 AUT SWI 12 FRA SPA 13 ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cordiformis Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrenées 219 (1867)

= Ranunculus multiformis Bubani; Fl. Pyren. (Bubani) 3: 394 (1901)

subspecies :

subsp. cabrerensis Rothm.; Bot. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 34: 148 (1934)

Distribution: NW-Spain

12 SPA

subspecies :

subsp. favargeri Kupfer; Boissiera 23: 191 (1974)

Distribution: N-Spain; France

12 FRA SPA

subspecies :

subsp. heterocarpus Küpfer; Boissiera 23: 192 (1974)

Name: Östlicher Herzblättriger Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; ?Liechtenstein; N-Spain; Andorra; France; Italy

11 GER SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cordatus Clairv.; Man. Herbor. Suisse 177 (1811), nom. illeg.

subspecies :

subsp. muniellensis Bueno Sánchez, Fern.Casado & Fern.Prieto; Bot. J. Linn. Soc., 109(3): 365 (1992)

Distribution: N-Spain

12 SPA

species :

Ranunculus parobscurans Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. similis Markl.

species :

Ranunculus paroicus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. paroicus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 43 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus parvidens A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 674 (2018)

Name: Mileham Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Norfolk)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus parviflorifer (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. parviflorifer Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 97 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus parviflorus Loefl.; Iter Hispan.: 303 (1758)

Name: Kleinblütiger Hahnenfuß (DE), Smallflower buttercup (EN); Ranunculo menudo (ES)

Distribution: England (England, Wales, SE-Scotland, Iles of Scilly); Ireland [I] (S-Ireland [I]); Germany [I]; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Channel Isl. (Alderney, Guernsey, Jersey); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); Iran [I] (SW-Iran [I]); Australia [I] (South Australia [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); Lord Howe Isl. [I]; Norfolk Isl. [I]; New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; New Caledonia [I]; Hawaii [I] (Hawaii Isl. [I]); Canada [I] (British Columbia [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Illinois [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maryland [I], Missouri [I], Mississippi [I], North Carolina [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], South Carolina [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Virginia [I], Washington State [I]); Bermuda [I]; Jamaica [I]; Haiti [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Araucanía [I])

10 GRB ire 11 ger HUN 12 BAL CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 BIH CRO ITA KOS PTL SIC SLV SMA SRB 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY MDR 34 irn 50 aus lhi nfk 51 ctm nzl 60 nwc 63 haw 71 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 81 ber his jam 85 arg cle

Remarks: records from Greece probably refer to R. chius fide Strid (2024)

Synonyms: hidden

= Notophilus parviflorus (Loefl.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 325 (1868)

= Ranunculus muricatus Moench; Methodus (Moench) 215 (1794), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus parviflorus var. acutilobus DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 301 (1818)

= Ranunculus parviflorus var. australis Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 14 (1863)

= Ranunculus parviflorus var. dimidiatus E.H.L.Krause; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 32(2): 330 (1914)

= Ranunculus parviflorus var. subapetalus Gren.; 37 (1847)

= Ranunculus pauciflorus Spreng.; Syst. Nat. 2: 657 (1821)

= Ranunculus subapetalus Duby; Bot. Gall.: 13 (1828)

= Ranunculus trachyspermus Elliott; Sketch Bot. S. Carolina (Elliott) 2: 65 (1821)

species :

Ranunculus parvirostratus (Nannf.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. parvirostratus Nannf.

species :

Ranunculus parvitorifer (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. parvitorifer Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 97 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus parvitorus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. parvitorus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 98 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus parvulifactus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. parvulifactus Julin

species :

Ranunculus parvulifrons (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus monophyllus subsp. parvulifrons Markl.

species :

Ranunculus pascuinus (Hook.f.) Melville; Kew Bull. 198 (1955)

Distribution: Australia (Tasmania)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus lappaceus var. pascuinus Hook.f.; Fl. Tasman. 1: 6 (1855)

= Ranunculus lappaceus var. subsericeus Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 13 (1863)

= Ranunculus lappaceus var. uniflorus Hook.f.; Fl. Tasman. 1: 6 (1855)

species :

Ranunculus pastorum (H.Sm.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pastorum H.Sm.

species :

Ranunculus patens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. patens Julin

species :

Ranunculus pathanorum Rech.f.; Anz. Oesterr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Nat. 91: 76 (1954)

Distribution: Afghanistan

34 AFG

species :

Ranunculus patulidens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. patulidens Julin

species :

Ranunculus patulidentiformis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. patulidentiformis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 100 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus paucidentatus Schrenk; Bull. Phys. Math. Acad. Petersb. 3: 309 (1845)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Pakistan (Chitral, Swat)

32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 40 PAK

species :

Ranunculus paucifolius Kirk; Students´ Fl. N. Zeal. II (1899)

Distribution: New Zealand

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus crithmifolius subsp. paucifolius (Kirk) F.J.F.Fisher

species :

Ranunculus paucipetalus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 674 (2018)

Name: Kedington Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Suffolk)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus pauli-jordani Asch. ex Post; Fl. Syria: 1 (1896)

Distribution: Lebanon

34 LEB

species :

Ranunculus pawlowskii Jasiewicz; Fragm. Florist. & Geobot., Krakow 2: 1. 94 (1956)

Distribution: Poland; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; Ukraine

11 POL 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS UKR

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. pawlowskii (Jasiewicz) Jasiewicz; Fl. Polski Rosl. Naczyniowe, ed. 2, 4: 77 (1985)

species :

Ranunculus pectinatilobus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 275-276 (1995)

Distribution: China (SW-Nei Mongol)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus pectinifolius (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Norway

10 NOR

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pectinifolius Julin; Bot. Not. 130(3): 294 (1977)

species :

Ranunculus pedatifidus Sm.; Cycl. 29: Ranunculus n. 72 (1818)

Distribution: Svalbard; European Russia; Siberia (Altai, Chita, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; China (Gansu, SW-Nei Mongol, Xinjiang); Mongolia

10 SVA 14 RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ 36 CHI 37 MON

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus amoenus Ledeb.; Fl. Altaic. (Ledebour). 2: 320 (1830)

= Ranunculus jugentassicus N.I.Rubtzov

species :

Ranunculus pedatus Waldst. & Kit.; Descr. lcon. Pl. Hung.: 108 (1803)

subspecies :

subsp. pedatus

Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (scattered NW-Greece); European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)

11 HUN SLO 13 BIH BUL CRO GRC KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 KRY MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ 34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus digitatus Willd. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.) 1(1): 30 (1841)

= Ranunculus miliarakesii Halácsy; Magyar Bot. Lapok 11: 116 (1912)

= Ranunculus odessanus Klokov f. [Novit.Syst.Pl.Vasc., Acad.Sci.URSS, 120 (1968)]

= Ranunculus ornithopodioides Steven ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.) 1(1): 30 (1841)

subspecies :

subsp. silvisteppaceus (Dubovik) Elenevsky & Derv.-Sokol.; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 94(1): 120 (1989)

Distribution: European Russia; Siberia (W-Siberia); Northern Caucasus

14 RUS 30 SIB 33 NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus silvisteppaceus Dubovik; Novit. Syst. Pl. Vasc., Acad. Sci. URSS, 116 (1968)

subspecies :

subsp. trojanus P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 148 (1960)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Ranunculus pedemontanus Dunkel; Webbia 65(2): 210 (2010)

Distribution: N-Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus pedicellatus Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Horti Gothob. 13(4): 161, pl. 1, f. 10-11 (1939)

Distribution: China (NW-Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus pedrottii Spinosi ex Dunkel; Webbia 66(2): 179 (2011)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus peduncularis Sm.; Rees, Cyclop. 29: n. 49 (1814)

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes)

85 ARG CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus alboffii Macloskie; Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, Botany 8: 405 (1905)

= Ranunculus gilliesii Steud.; Flora 39: 404 (1856)

= Ranunculus glandulifer Poepp.; Fragm. Syn. Pl.: 28 (1833)

= Ranunculus patagonicus Poepp.; Fragm. Syn. Pl.: 29 (1833)

= Ranunculus peduncularis var. alboffiana Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 7: 208 (1902)

= Ranunculus peduncularis var. chillanensis Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 88: 74 (1894)

= Ranunculus peduncularis var. glabrata Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 88: 73 (1894)

= Ranunculus peduncularis var. glandulifer (Poepp.) Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 88: 74 (1894)

= Ranunculus peduncularis var. longavinus Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 88: 74 (1894)

= Ranunculus peduncularis var. minor Wedd.; Chlor. And. 2: 302 (1861)

= Ranunculus peduncularis var. patagonicus (Poepp.) Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 88: 73 (1894)

= Ranunculus peduncularis var. saffordii Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 88: 74 (1894)

= Ranunculus talquinus Phil. ex Reiche

variant :

var. erodiifolius (Gay) Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 88: 73 (1894)

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Coquimbo, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Rios, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes)

85 ARG CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus andinus Phil.; Linnaea 33: 2 (1864)

= Ranunculus erodiifolius Gay; Fl. Chil. 1: 45 (1845)

= Ranunculus peduncularis var. polypetalus (Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) Macloskie; Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, Botany 8: 411 (1905)

= Ranunculus polypetalus Gillies ex Hook.; Bot. Misc. 3: 134 (1833)

= Ranunculus pratensis Phil.; Linnaea 33: 1864 (1865) 2

species :

Ranunculus pegaeus Hand.-Mazz.; Acta H. Gotob. 13: 141 (1939)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); S-Tibet; Nepal; India

36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP

variant :

var. curvistylis Kadota; H. Ohba & S. B. Malla, Himalayan Pl., 2 (Univ. Mus. Tokyo Bull., 34): 109 (1991)

Distribution: Nepal

40 NEP

species :

Ranunculus pelendonorum Dunkel; Stapfia 112: 17 (2021)

Distribution: Spain (Castilla y León)

12 SPA

Remarks: auricomus agg., aragonensis group

species :

Ranunculus peltatus Schrank; Baier. Fl. 2: 103 (1789)

Name: Schild-Wasserhahnenfuß (DE), Pond Water-crowfoot (EN)

Distribution: England (England, Wales, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Isle of Man); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Baleares; France; Channel Isl. (Guernsey, Jersey); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (around Athens, Kiklades: Tinos, Mikonos, Paros, Naxos); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; Ukraine

10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT UKR

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. There is an unnamed sibling species included on the Iberian peninsula and S-France (Jopek et al. 2023)

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium aquatile var. peltatum (Schrank) Dumort.; 127 (1827)

= Batrachium aquatile var. quinquelobum (W.D.J.Koch) F.W.Schultz; 13 (1845)

= Batrachium aquatile var. truncatum (W.D.J.Koch) F.W.Schultz; 13 (1845)

= Batrachium elongatum F.W.Schultz; Billotia 1: 113 (1864)

= Batrachium floribundum (Bab.) Dumort.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 2: 216 (1863)

= Batrachium heterophyllum Lange; Pug. Pl. Hispan.: 251 (1865)

= Batrachium langei F.W.Schultz ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 1: 16 (1878)

= Batrachium peltatum (Schrank) Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Ranunc.): 49 (1823)

= Batrachium peltatum (Schrank) V.V.Petrovsky; Arktich. Fl. SSSR 6: 180 (1971), isonym

= Batrachium peltatum var. submersum (Freyn) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 371 (1970 publ. 1971)

= Batrachium rhipiphyllum (Bastard ex Boreau) Dumort.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 2: 215 (1863)

= Batrachium triphyllum (Wallr.) Dumort.; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 2: 214 (1863)

= Batrachium truncatum Dumort.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 2: 215 (1863)

= Ranunculus aquatilis f. cordatus (Döll) E.Baumann; 324 (1911)

= Ranunculus aquatilis f. pseudopeltatus Godr.; 18 (1840)

= Ranunculus aquatilis f. quinquelobus (W.D.J.Koch) Godr.; 19 (1840)

= Ranunculus aquatilis f. truncatus (W.D.J.Koch) Godr.; 19 (1840)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. eleophilus (Arv.-Touv.) Schinz & R.Keller; Fl. Schweiz ed. 2, 2: 80 (1905)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. peltatus (Schrank) Syme; Sowerby, Engl. Bot. ed. 3(B) 1: 19 (1863)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. triphyllos (Wallr.) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 121 (1964)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. triphyllus (Wallr.) Cout.; Fl. Portugal: 231 (1913)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. cordatus Döll; 549 (1843)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. floribundus (Bab.) Syme; 20 (1863)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. heleophyllus (Arv.-Touv.) Beck

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. leontinensis (Freyn) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 2: 245 (1932)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. peltatus (Schrank) DC.; 235 (1817)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. quinquelobus W.D.J.Koch; 11 (1836)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. truncatus W.D.J.Koch; 11 (1836)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. vulgaris Syme; 19 (1863)

= Ranunculus diversifolius Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France 1: 63 (1893) non Schrank, Baier. Fl. 2: 103 (1789)

= Ranunculus eleophilus Arv.-Touv.; Essai Pl. Dauphiné: 19 (1871)

= Ranunculus floribundus Bab.; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, 16: 397 (1855)

= Ranunculus heterophyllus subsp. floribundus (Bab.) Moore & More; 5 (1866)

= Ranunculus heterophyllus subsp. peltatus (Schrank) Moore & More; 5 (1866)

= Ranunculus heterophyllus var. subpeltatus (Rchb.) Wender.; 178 (1846), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus hydrocharis var. peltatus (Schrank) Spenn.; 1008 (1829)

= Ranunculus intermedius Knaf; Flora 29: 289 (1846)

= Ranunculus intermedius Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France 1: 74 (1893)

= Ranunculus peltatus var. truncatus (W.D.J.Koch) Lindm.; 264 (1918)

= Ranunculus rhipiphyllus Bastard; Fl. Centre France, ed. 3 (Boreau) 2: 11 (1857)

= Ranunculus triphyllos Wallr.; Erst. Beitr. Fl. Hercyn. 2: 214 (1840), et in Linnaea 14: 584 (1840)

= Ranunculus truncatus (Dumort.) E.H.L.Krause; J. Sturm, Deutschl. Fl. Abbild., ed. 2, 5: 268 (1901)

species :

Ranunculus pendulus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pendulus Julin

species :

Ranunculus penicillatus (Dumort.) Bab.; Man. Brit. Bot. ed. 7: 7. (1874)

Name: Pinselblättriger Wasserhahnenfuß (DE); Ranunculo pincel (ES)

Distribution: England (England, Wales, S-Scotland); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Sweden; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; ?Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Albania; Bulgaria; C-European Russia; Ukraine; Morocco; Canary Isl. (Tenerife)

10 DEN GRB IRE SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BUL ITA 14 RUS UKR 20 MOR 21 CNY

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. Of hybridogenous origin but fully fertile.

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium penicillatum Dumort.; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Beigique 2: 216 (1863)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. marizii Cout.; Fl. Portugal: 231 (1913)

= Ranunculus fluitans var. heterophyllus Coss. & Germ.; 11 (1845)

species :

Ranunculus peninsularis C.J.Saldanha; Fl. Karnataka 1: 91 (1984)

Distribution: India (Karnataka)

40 IND

species :

Ranunculus pensylvanicus L.f.; Suppl. 272 (1782)

Name: Pennsylvania buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Myanmar [I]; Vietnam [I]; Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan); USA (Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming)

41 mya vie 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus canadensis Jacq.; Misc. Austriac. 2: 343 (1779)

= Ranunculus pensylvanicus subsp. riparius (Edgew.) Riedl; Kew Bull. 34(2): 364 (1979)

= Ranunculus riparius Edgew.; Trans. Linn. Soc. 20: 28 (1846)

= Ranunculus trifolius Moench; Suppl. Meth. (Moench) 70 (1802)

species :

Ranunculus pentadactylus Hörandl & Gutermann; Bot. Jahrb., 121(1): 116 (1999)

Distribution: Austria

11 AUT

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus pentameres (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pentameres Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 101 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus pentandrus J.M.Black; Trans. & Proc. Roy. Soc. S. Australia 49: 113, 272 (1925)

Distribution: Australia (NE-South Australia, SW-Queensland, NW-New South Wales)

50 AUS

variant :

var. platycarpus (F.Muell.) H.Eichler; J. M. Black´s Fl. S. Australia 2nd edn, 149 (1965)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia: Austin and Coolgardie districts, South Australia, S-Queensland, W-New South Wales and NW-Victoria)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus parviflorus var. glabrescens J.M.Black; Fl. S. Australia 2: 237 (1924)

= Ranunculus pentandrus var. glabrescens (J.M.Black) Melville; Kew Bull. 11: 282 (1957)

= Ranunculus sessiliflorus var. platycarpus F.Muell.; Rep. Pl. Babbage´s Exped. 7 (1859)

species :

Ranunculus pentodon (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pentodon Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 102 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus percrassus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. percrassus Julin

species :

Ranunculus perdissectus W.T.Wang; Guihaia 42(1): 5 (2022)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus perelegans (Cedercr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. perelegans Cedercr.

species :

Ranunculus perfectiflorus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. perfectiflorus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 102 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus perfissus Dunkel; Stapfia 111: 72 (2019)

Distribution: Slovenia

13 SLV

Remarks: auricomus agg., phragmiteti group

species :

Ranunculus pergamentaceus Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 89(1): 21 (1995), nom. nov.

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus membranifolius (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 145 (1992)

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. membranifolius Julin

species :

Ranunculus pergracilis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pergracilis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 103 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus perindutus Merr. & L.M.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 24: 39 (1943)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus permiensis Chugayn.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 84(2): 117 (1999)

Distribution: E-European Russia

14 RUS

species :

Ranunculus perpusillus Merr. & L.M.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 24: 36 (1943)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus persicus DC.; Syst. Nat. 2: 288 (1821)

Distribution: Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

34 IRN

species :

Ranunculus peruvianus Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Pers.] 2(1): 103 (1806)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Coahuila, Ciudad de Mexico, Hidalgo, Mexico State, Michoacan, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz); Guatemala; Costa Rica; ?Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Ecuador; Peru

79 MEX 80 COS GUA 82 CLM 83 ECU PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus centellifolius Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Chicago, Bot. Ser. 17: 245 (1937)

species :

Ranunculus petaloideus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 676 (2018)

Name: Riseley Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Bedfordshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus petiolaris Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 5: 45 (1821)

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Cauca, Norte de Santander, Quindío, Santander, Tolima); Venezuela (Merida); Ecuador; Peru

79 MEX 80 GUA 82 CLM VEN 83 ECU PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus aschenbornianus S.Schauer; Linnaea 20: 719 (1847)

= Ranunculus galeottii Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 27(II): 276 (1854 publ. 1855)

= Ranunculus geoides Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 5: 47 (1821)

= Ranunculus geoides var. standleyi L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 93 (1948)

= Ranunculus hookeri Schltdl.; Linnaea 9: 610 (1835)

= Ranunculus llaveanus Schltdl.; Linnaea 10: 233 (1836)

= Ranunculus magellanicus Comm. ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 294 (1817)

= Ranunculus mexicanus K.C.Davis; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 2: 487 (1900)

= Ranunculus petiolaris var. standleyi (Benson) T.Duncan; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 77: 77 (1980)

= Ranunculus petiolaris var. transiens T.Duncan; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 77: 78 (1980)

= Ranunculus vaginalis Planch. & Linden ex Triana & Planch.; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. IV. 17: 13 (1862)

variant :

var. arsenei (Benson) T.Duncan; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 77: 74 (1980)

Name: Arsene´s buttercup

Distribution: USA (Arizona, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz)

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus delphiniifolius Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H. B. K.] 5: 48 (1921)

= Ranunculus fasciculatus Sessé & Moc.; Fl. Mexico. ed. 2, 134 (1894)

= Ranunculus lindenianus Briq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 11-12: 180 (1908)

= Ranunculus macranthus var. arsenei L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 106 (1948)

= Ranunculus petiolaris var. arsenei (L.D.Benson) T.Duncan; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 77: 74 (1980)

= Ranunculus petiolaris var. hookeri (Schltdl.) L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 90 (1948)

= Ranunculus pringlei Briq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 11-12: 180 (1908)

= Ranunculus townsendii Briq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 11-12: 182 (1908)

species :

Ranunculus petiolatus H.Lév. & Vaniot; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53: 389 (1906)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: status uncertain

species :

Ranunculus petiolosus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. petiolosus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 104 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus petiolulatus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. petiolulatus Julin

species :

Ranunculus petroczenkoi Vodop. ex Timokhina; Fl. Sibir. (Portulacac.-Ranunculac.) 6: 208 (1993)

Distribution: Siberia (Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia, Yakutia)

30 SIB

species :

Ranunculus petrogeiton Ulbr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 12: 376 (1922)

Distribution: China (C-Gansu, S-Shaanxi, W-Sichuan); Nepal

36 CHI 40 NEP

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus petrogeiton Ulbr. ex Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Hort. Gotoburg. 13: 158 (1939)(descr. emend. et ampl.)

species :

Ranunculus petroselinus Biria; Hist. Nat. Renoncul. 43. t. 2 (1811)

Distribution: La Réunion

29 REU

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus insulae-mauritiae Eig; J. Bot. 75: 191 (1937)

= Ranunculus sericeus Poir.; Encyc. 6: 109 (1804) (non Banks & Sol. 1794)

species :

Ranunculus peyronii Briq.; Ann. Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 11: & 12: 177 (1908)

Distribution: Lebanon; Syria

34 LEB SYR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus chionophilus subsp. sericeus Mouterde; Fl. Djebel Druze: 104 (1953)

= Ranunculus sericeus Peyron; Post, Fl. Syria, Add.: 1 (1896) (non Banks & Sol.

species :

Ranunculus phaulanthus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. phaulanthus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 48 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus philippinensis Merr. & Rolfe; Philipp. Journ. Sci. 3: 99 (1908)

Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)

42 PHI

species :

Ranunculus philopadus Dunkel; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 66: 16 (2014)

Distribution: France (Alsace)

12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus phragmiteti Haas; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 29: 6 (1952)

Name: Röhricht-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Sachsen); Czech Republic

11 CZE GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. phragmiteti (Haas) R.Engel; Bull. Assoc. Philom. Alsace Lorraine 13: 82 (1968)

species :

Ranunculus phragmitetiminor Dunkel; Kochia 15: 181 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus pianmaensis W.T.Wang; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 30(5): 522 (2008)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus pichleri Freyn ex Stapf; Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien Math.-Nat. Kl. 51: 23 (1886)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, SW-Iran)

34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus aucheri var. bungeanus Boiss.; Fl. 1: 34 (1867)

species :

Ranunculus pileomontis Dunkel; Kochia 15: 169 (2022)

Name: Hutberg-Goldschopf-Hahnenfuß

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus pilicauliformis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pilicauliformis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 104 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus pilicaulis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 148 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pilicaulis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 106 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus pilifer (F.J.F.Fisher) Heenan & P.J.Lockh.; New Zealand J. Bot. 44(4): 435 (2006)

Distribution: New Zealand

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus haastii subsp. pilifer F.J.F.Fisher; Bull. New Zealand Dept. Sci. Industr. Res. 165: 147 (1965)

species :

Ranunculus piliger (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. piliger Julin

species :

Ranunculus pilipes (Markl.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 81 (1992) 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pilipes Markl.

species :

Ranunculus pilisiensis Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 396 (1965)

Distribution: Austria; Slovakia; Hungary; Moldova; Ukraine

11 AUT HUN SLO 14 MLD UKR

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus estherae Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 227 (1964)

species :

Ranunculus pillnitzensis Dunkel; Kochia 15: 79 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus pilosifrons (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pilosifrons Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 52(1976)

species :

Ranunculus pilosus Kunth ex DC.; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 5: 45 (1821)

Distribution: Venezuela (Merida)

82 VEN

Remarks: Kept separate of R. praemorsus by Nuevo Catalogo of Venezuela

species :

Ranunculus pilulatus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pilulatus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 54 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus pimpinellifolius Hook.; J. Bot. [Hooker] 1: 243 (1834)

Distribution: Australia (E-New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory, E-Victoria, C-Tasmania)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus hirtus Hook.f.; Fl. Tasman. 1: 6 (1855)

= Ranunculus hirtus var. vestitus Hook.f.; Fl. Tasman. 1: 6 (1855)

= Ranunculus lappaceus var. pimpinellifolius (Hook.) Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 12 (1863)

= Ranunculus pimpinellifolius var. glabrior Hook.; J. Bot. [Hooker] 2: 401 (1840), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus pimpinellifolius var. vestitus Hook.; Icon. PI. 3(6): t. 260 (1840)

species :

Ranunculus pinardii (Steven) Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 2, 5: 10 (1856)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan); Lebanon (Antilebanon)

34 IRN IRQ LEB TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Gampsoceras pinardii Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 25: 542, t. 7, f. 6 (1852)

= Ranunculus cornutus Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 5: 10 (1856)

species :

Ranunculus pindicola Dunkel; Willdenowia 45(2): 225 (2015)

Distribution: NW-Greece (Katara Pass)

13 GRC

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus pinguescens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; C- & NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 EST LAT LIT

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. pinguescens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus pinguifolius (Rasch) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pinguifolius Rasch

= Ranunculus getaensis Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 140 (1992)

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. truncatus Cedercr. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 109 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus pinguis Hook.f.; Fl. Antarct. 3. t. 1 (1844)

Distribution: Auckland Isl.; Campbell Isl.

51 AUC 91 CMP

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus pinguis var. pilosus Hook.f.; (1844)

= Ranunculus pinguis var. rhombifolius Hook.f.; (1844)

species :

Ranunculus pinnatisectus Popov; Dimo, Soil Invest. Exped. Rivers Syr-daria & Amu-daria, Pt. 1, 51 (1915), et in Bull. Univ. As. Centr. 11: Suppl. 11 (1925), descr. emend.

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badghys, Faryab, Helmand, Qunduz)

32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus samarkandicus Lipsky ex Ovcz.; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 499 (1937)

species :

Ranunculus platanifolius L.; Mant. Pl. 79 (1767)

Name: Platanenblättriger Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: W-Norway; Sweden; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Spain; Andorra; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (mountains of NW-Greece to Mt. Voras, also Rodopi); Ukraine

10 NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER LIE LUX POL SLO SWI 12 ADO COR FRA SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 UKR

Synonyms: hidden

= Hecatonia platanifolia (L.) Schur; Verh. Naturf. Ver. Bruenn 15(2): 29 (1877)

= Ranula platanifolia (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 324 (1868)

= Ranunculus aconitifolius subsp. platanifolius (L.) Berher; 26 (1887)

= Ranunculus aconitifolius subsp. platanifolius (L.) Bonnier & Layens; Mél. Synopt. Pl. Vasc. France: 7. (1894)

= Ranunculus aconitifolius var. altior W.D.J.Koch; 14 (1836)

= Ranunculus aconitifolius var. platanifolius (L.) DC.; 241 (1817)

= Ranunculus aconitifolius var. platanifolius (L.) Pacz.

= Ranunculus palmatus Clairv.; Man. Herbor. Suisse: 177 (1811), nom. illeg.

species :

Ranunculus platensis Spreng.; Syst. 5: 586 (Index) (1828)

Name: Prairie buttercup

Distribution: USA [I] (Alabama [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Louisiana [I], Mississippi [I], North Carolina [I], Texas [I]); Uruguay (Artigas, Durazno, Flores Prov., Montevideo, Salto); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Argentina Distrito Federal, Entre Rios, Rio Negro, Santa Fe, San Luis, Tucuman)

77 usa 78 usa 85 ARG URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Casalea sessiliflora A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 9 (1824)

= Ranunculus chryptopetalus Larrañaga; Escritos D. A. Larrañaga 2: 180 (1923)

= Ranunculus chrysopetalus Larrañaga; Escritos D. A. Larrañaga 2: 180 (1923)

= Ranunculus hilarii Hieron.; Bol. Acad. Nac. Cordova 4: 209 (1881)

= Ranunculus sessiliflorus (A.St.-Hil.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16, 4(2): 219 (1827), nom. illeg.

species :

Ranunculus platybasis (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. platybasis Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 56 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus platycolpoides (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; NW-European Russia

10 FIN SWE 14 EST LAT LIT RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. platycolpoides Markl.

species :

Ranunculus platycolpus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. platycolpus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus platyloboides (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. platyloboides Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 107 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus platylobus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. platylobus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 108 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus platyodon (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. platyodon Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 59 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus platypetalus (Hand.-Mazz.) Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Horti Gothob. 13(4): 155, 157, f. 4, 20-21 (1939)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus micronivalis var. platypetalus Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7(2): 308-309, t. 6, f. 15 (1931)

variant :

var. macranthus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 16: (1996)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus platyspermus Fisch. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 37 (1824)

Distribution: E-European Russia; Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; China (W-Xinjiang)

14 RUS 32 KAZ UZB 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus schrenkianus Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Trautv.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 33(I): 64 (1860)

species :

Ranunculus plavensis Dunkel; Webbia 65(2): 200 (2010)

Distribution: NE-Italy; Slovenia

13 ITA SLV

Remarks: auricomus agg., palaeoeuganeus group

species :

Ranunculus plebeius R.Br. ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 288 (1817)

Name: Common Australian Buttercup

Distribution: South Africa [I] (E-Cape Prov. [I]); Australia (SE-Queensland, New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory, Victoria); New Zealand; Hawaii [I] (Hawaii Isl. [I])

27 saf 50 AUS 51 NZL 63 haw

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus lappaceus var. pseudoplebejus Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 89(2): 112 (1926)

= Ranunculus lappaceus var. plebeius (R.Br. ex DC.) J.Stirl.; Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh 22: 349 (1905)

species :

Ranunculus pleiophyllus Dunkel; Kochia 6: 64 (2012)

Name: Vollblättriger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus plesiolobus (Markl.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 81 (1992) 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. plesiolobus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus podocarpus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 16(2): 163 (1996)

Distribution: China (S-Anhui, N-Jiangxi)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus pohleanus Tzvelev; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 99(5): 75 (1994), nom. nov.

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka)

30 SIB 31 RFE

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus repens var. tenuis Pohle ex Tolm.; Arktich. Fl. SSSR. 6: 224 (1971)

species :

Ranunculus poldinii Dunkel; Webbia 65(2): 218 (2010)

Distribution: N-Italy (Friuli); NW-Slovenia

13 ITA SLV

Remarks: auricomus agg., argoviensis group

species :

Ranunculus poldinioides Dunkel; Stapfia 111: 50 (2019)

Distribution: Slovenia

13 SLV

Remarks: auricomus agg., argoviensis group

species :

Ranunculus polii Franch. ex F.B.Forbes & Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 23: 15 (1886)

Distribution: China (Shanghai)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus polii Franch.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. 7: 299 (1931), descr. ampl.

species :

Ranunculus pollinensis (N.Terracc.) Chiov.; Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1892: 297 (1892)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: breyninus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus montanus var. pollinensis N.Terracc.; Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma 4: 64 (1891)

species :

Ranunculus poluninii P.H.Davis; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 23: 133, t. 7 (1960)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: trichocarpus agg.

species :

Ranunculus polyandrus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. polyandrus Julin

species :

Ranunculus polyanthemos L.; Sp. Pl. 554 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. polyanthemos

Name: Vielblütiger Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Denmark; Norway; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Germany (Brandenburg, +Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, +Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, +Niedersachsen, +Schleswig-Holstein, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (mountains of N-Greece, south to NC-Greece); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Armenia; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, NW-Iran, W-Iran); China (NW-Xinjiang); Mongolia

10 DEN FIN NOR 11 BGM CZE GER HUN NET POL SLO 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TKM UZB 33 ARM 34 IRN IRQ TUR 36 CHI 37 MON

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus ambiguus Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 444 (1861)

= Ranunculus binatiformis (A.Nyár.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 234 (1964)

= Ranunculus delphinifolius Fr. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 432 (1841)

= Ranunculus multiflorus Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 263 (1782), opus utique oppr.

= Ranunculus polyanthemoides Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 20 (1866), non Boreau

= Ranunculus polyanthemos f. depauperatus Zapal.; 231 (1909)

= Ranunculus polyanthemos f. platypetalus Zapal.; 231 (1909)

= Ranunculus ×ambiguus (Schur) A.Nyár.; Savul. Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. 2: 589 (1953)

= Ranunculus polyanthemos var. robustus Hadac & Chrtek; Cas. Nár. Muz., Rada Prír. 171: 127 (2002)

subspecies :

subsp. meyerianus (Rupr.) Elenevsky & Derv.-Sokol.; (1984)

Distribution: European Russia; Moldova; Turkmenistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; China (N-Xinjiang)

14 MLD RUS 32 TKM 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus meyerianus Rupr.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Petersbourg 15(2): 25 (1869)

= Ranunculus pseudoparviflorus H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 281. (1913)

subspecies :

subsp. nemorosus (DC.) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg: 362 (1834)

Name: Hain-Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Denmark; Netherlands; Germany (Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, +Hamburg, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, +Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; Andorra; France; ?Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; +San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

10 DEN 11 AUT CZE GER HUN LIE NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SMA SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 33 GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculastrum mixtum (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 324 (1868)

= Ranunculastrum nemorosum (DC.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 324 (1868)

= Ranunculus acris Willk. ex Freyn; Willk. & Lange, Prod. Fl. Hisp. 3: 935 (1880) non L.

= Ranunculus alpicola Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 2: 177 (1851)

= Ranunculus amansii Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 447 (1861)

= Ranunculus astrantiifolius Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 29 (1853)

= Ranunculus aureus (K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.) Schleich. ex Rchb.; 724 (1832), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus aureus Schleich.; Cat. Pl. Helv., ed. 3: 24 (1815)

= Ranunculus aureus var. montanus J.J.Schmitz & Regel; 337 (1841)

= Ranunculus aureus var. multiflorus Wender.; 176 (1846)

= Ranunculus aureus var. multiplex Wender.; 176 (1846)

= Ranunculus crantzii Hedw.; J. J. Roemer, Collecteana: 38 (1806)

= Ranunculus creticus Sieber ex Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 2: 432 (1841)

= Ranunculus delacourii Gaudefroy & Mabille; Note sur Renonc. (1874) 7 ex Bull. Soc. Dauph. fasc. 3: 69 (1876)

= Ranunculus lanuginosus Amo; Fl. Fan. Penins. Iberica 6: 720 (1873) non L.

= Ranunculus lecokii Boreau; Fl. Centre France, ed. 3 (Boreau) 2: 17 (1857)

= Ranunculus mixtus Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 7: 1. (1849)

= Ranunculus nemorosus DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 280 (1817)

= Ranunculus nemorosus subsp. mixtus (Jord.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 183 (2000)

= Ranunculus nemorosus subsp. tuberosus (Lapeyr.) Murr; 118 (1923), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus nemorosus var. mikuliczynensis Zapal.; 232 (1909)

= Ranunculus nemorosus var. multiflorus DC.; 280 (1817)

= Ranunculus nemorosus var. pauciflorus DC.; 280 (1817)

= Ranunculus nemorosus var. pseudolanuginosus Woerl.; 37 (1893)

= Ranunculus nemorosus var. sudeticus Günther, Grab. & Wimm.; 98 (1824)

= Ranunculus nemorosus var. transitorius Zapal.; 232 (1909)

= Ranunculus obtusifolius Hornem.; Hort. Bot. Hafn. 2: 528 (1815)

= Ranunculus perusianus Jeanb. & Timb.-Lagr.; Bull. Soc. Phys. Nat. Toulouse 3: 330 (1875 publ. 1876)

= Ranunculus peyrousianus Freyn; M. Willkomm & J. M. C. Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 936 (1880)

= Ranunculus polyanthemos var. aureus K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; Spenn.,

= Ranunculus polyanthemos var. latifolius Wallr.; 291 (1822)

= Ranunculus polyanthemos var. latifolius Wirtg. ex F.W.Schultz; 19 (1845)

= Ranunculus polyanthemos var. pseudolanuginosus (Woerl.) Vollm.; 279 (1914)

= Ranunculus polyanthos Neck.; 240 (1768), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus ponticus Willd.; Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol., Suppl.: 40 (1814)

= Ranunculus questieri Billot; Annot. Fl. France Allemagne: 122 (1862)

= Ranunculus saniculifolius Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 21 (1866)

= Ranunculus serpens subsp. nemorosus (DC.) G.López; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 41: 470 (1984 publ. 1985)

= Ranunculus silvaticus Issler; 49 (1909), nom. illeg., non Vill.

= Ranunculus spretus Jord. ex Boreau; Fl. Centre France, ed. 3 (Boreau) 2: 17 (1857)

= Ranunculus sylvaticus Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France (Grenier) 1: 33 (1847)

= Ranunculus tuberosus Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrenees: 320 (1813)

= Ranunculus villosus St.-Amans; Fl. Agen.: 227 (1818)

subspecies :

subsp. polyanthemoides (Boreau) Ahlfv.; Neuman & Ahlfvengren, Sver Fl.: 502 (1901)

Name: Falscher Vielblütiger Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Hessen, +Hamburg, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, +Schleswig-Holstein, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Czech Republic; Hungary; France; Italy; Slovenia; Albania; Greece (mountains of N-Greece); Estonia; etc.

11 CZE GER HUN 12 FRA 13 ALB GRC ITA SLV 14 EST

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus breyninus var. polyanthemoides (Boreau) Braun-Blanq.; Braun-Blanq. & Rübel, 564 (1933)

= Ranunculus nemorosus var. polyanthemoides (Boreau) Podp.; 24 (1922)

= Ranunculus polyanthemos f. excelsior Zapal.; 231 (1909)

= Ranunculus polyanthemos var. angustifolius Bogenh.; Wirtg., 7 (1842), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus polyanthemos var. angustifolius Bogenh. ex F.W.Schultz; 19 (1845)

= Ranunculus polyanthemos var. subglaber Günther, Grab. & Wimm.; 98 (1824), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus polyanthemos var. tenuifolius Wallr.; 292 (1822), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus polyanthemus var. polyanthemoides (Boreau) Hegi; 560 (1912)

= Ranunculus serpens subsp. polyanthemoides (Boreau) Kerguélen & Lambinon; Lejeunia ser. 2, 120: 149 (1987)

= Ranunculus ×polyanthemoides Boreau; Fl. Centre France, éd. 3 2: 16 (1857)

subspecies :

subsp. polyanthemophyllus (W.Koch & H.E.Hess) Baltisb.; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 25(3): 293 (1988)

Name: Schlitzblättriger Wald-Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; ?Spain; France; Corsica; Italy; Slovenia

11 AUT GER LIE SWI 12 COR FRA 13 ITA SLV

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus nemorosus subsp. polyanthemophyllus (W.Koch & H.E.Hess) Tutin; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 69: 53 (1964)

= Ranunculus polyanthemophyllus W.Koch & H.E.Hess; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 65: 280 (1955)

= Ranunculus serpens subsp. polyanthemophyllus (W.Koch & H.E.Hess) Kerguélen; Lejeunia, 120: 149 (1987)

subspecies :

subsp. schennikovii (Ovcz. ex Tzvelev) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 183 (2000)

Distribution: C-European Russia

14 RUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus schennikovii Ovcz. ex Tzvelev; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 99(5): 73 (1994)

subspecies :

subsp. serpens (Schrank) Baltisb.; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 25: 293 (1988)

Name: Wurzelnder Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Luxembourg; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Spain; France; France; Corsica; Italy; Italy

11 AUT GER LIE LUX SWI 12 COR FRA SPA 13 ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculastrum radicescens (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 324 (1868)

= Ranunculus breyninus var. radicescens (Jord.) Braun-Blanq.; Braun-Blanq. & Rübel, 564 (1933)

= Ranunculus nemorosus subsp. serpens (Schrank) Tutin; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 69: 54 (1964)

= Ranunculus radicescens Jord.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci. 1: 2 (1852)

= Ranunculus repens f. serpens (Schrank) Werner Christ.; Flora von Kiel [J. A. Christiansen et al.] 115 (1922)

= Ranunculus serpens Schrank; Baier. Fl. 2: 101 (1789)

= Ranunculus timbalii Mabille & Gaudefroy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 21(Rev. Bibliogr.): 216 (1874)

subspecies :

subsp. thomasii (Ten.) Tutin; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 69: 53 (1964)

Distribution: Italy (Calabria)

13 ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus thomasii Ten.; Index Sem. Hort. Neapol. 1827: 25 (1827)

species :

Ranunculus polyanthus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. polyanthus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 108 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus polycarpus (Julin) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 81 (1992) 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. polycarpus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 109 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus polydactyloides (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. polydactyloides Julin

species :

Ranunculus polydactylus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. polydactylus Julin

species :

Ranunculus polymeres (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. polymeres Julin

species :

Ranunculus polyphyllus Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. 2: 1331 (1799)

Name: Vielblättriger Hahnenfuß

Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary; Romania; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Moldova; Siberia (Altai, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Turkey (NE-Anatolia)

11 HUN SLO 13 ROM 14 MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ 34 TUR

species :

Ranunculus polyrhizos Stephan ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. 2 2: 1324 (1800)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Armenia; Turkey (E-Anatolia, N-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran); China (Xinjiang)

30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ 33 ARM 34 IRN TUR 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus nivalis Pall.; Reise 3: 653 (1776)

species :

Ranunculus polyschistoides (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. polyschistoides Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 110 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus polyschistus (Markl.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 81 (1992) 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. polyschistus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus ponojensis (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia; Siberia (W-Siberia)

14 RUS 30 SIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus monophyllus subsp. ponojensis Markl.

species :

Ranunculus popovii Ovcz.; Fl. URSS 7: 741-742 (1937)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (C-Xinjiang)

32 KAZ KGZ TZK 36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus populago Greene; Erythea 3: 19 (1895)

Name: Popular buttercup

Distribution: USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington State)

73 USA 76 USA

species :

Ranunculus porraceus Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 89(1): 21 (1995), nom. nov.

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. prasinus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 114 (1980)

= Ranunculus prasinus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

species :

Ranunculus porrectidens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. porrectidens Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 111 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus porrectifidus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. porrectifidus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 112 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus porrectilobus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. porrectilobus Julin

species :

Ranunculus porteri Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 17: 310 (1890)

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (Washington State, Oregon, California); Mexico

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium bakeri Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 95 (1904)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. porteri (Britton) L.D.Benson; Contr. Fl. Idaho Leafl. 22: 20 (1948)

= Ranunculus pueblensis W.B.Drew; Rhodora 38: 46 (1936)

species :

Ranunculus pospichalii Pignatti; Giorn. Bot. Ital. 110: 214 (1976)

Distribution: Slovenia

13 SLV

Remarks: auricomus agg., schilleri group

species :

Ranunculus potaninii Kom.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9(217-221): 392 (1911)

Distribution: China (SW-Gansu, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Nepal

36 CHI TIB 40 NEP

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus pulchellus var. potaninii (Kom.) Hand.-Mazz.; Acta H. Gotob. 13: 147 (1939)

species :

Ranunculus praecellens (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. praecellans Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 61 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus praemorsus Kunth ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 292 (1817)

Name: Flor de mula

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Ciudad de Mexico, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz); ?Guatemala; Honduras; Costa Rica; ?Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Merida, Tachira); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Tarija); Argentina (Catamarca, Cordoba, Jujuy, Salta, Tucuman)

79 MEX 80 COS HON 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus amarillo Bertol.; Nuovi Ann. Sci. Nat. 3: 136 (1840)

= Ranunculus argemonifolius Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 70 (1874)

= Ranunculus bonplandianus Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H. B. K.] 5: 46 (1821)

= Ranunculus brevipes Triana & Planch.; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. IV. 17: 14 (1862)

= Ranunculus chiclensis Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 22: 28 (1885)

= Ranunculus pilosus Ruiz & Pav.; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 17(1): 436 (1959)

= Ranunculus praemorsus subvar. pusillus Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 302 (1861)

= Ranunculus praemorsus var. bonplandianus (Kunth) Wedd.; Chlor. And. 2: 302 (1861)

= Ranunculus pseudophilonotis Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 69 (1874)

= Ranunculus setosopilosus Steud.; Flora 39: 404 (1856)

= Ranunculus sprucei Briq.; Ann. Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 11: & 12: 176 (1908)

variant :

var. amellus (Briq.) T.Duncan; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 77: 68 (1980)

Distribution: Mexico (Valle de Mexico, Michoacan to Puebla, Veracruz, etc.); Costa Rica; Panama

79 MEX 80 COS PAN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus amellus Briq.; Ann. Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 11: & 12: 177 (1908)

= Ranunculus geoides var. amellus (Briq.) L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 93 (1948)

variant :

var. sibbaldioides (Kunth ex DC.) Lourteig; Darwiniana 9: 532 (1951)

Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz, etc.); Colombia; Venezuela (Merida)

79 MEX 82 CLM VEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus sibbaldioides Kunth ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 298 (1817)

species :

Ranunculus praetermissus Hörandl & Gutermann; Phyton (Horn) 37(2): 277 (1998)

Distribution: SE-Germany (Bayern); NW-Austria

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus prasinaster (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. prasinaster Julin

species :

Ranunculus prasinulus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. prasinulus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 113 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus prasinus Menadue; Brunonia 8(2): 375 (1986)

Distribution: Australia (Tasmania: near Tunbridge)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus pratensis C.Presl; Delic. Prag. 9 (1822)

Distribution: ?Corsica; Sardinia; Sicily

12 SAR 13 SIC

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus aeolicus Lojac.; Malpighia 20: 101 (1906)

species :

Ranunculus pratizanus Dunkel; Kochia 15: 139 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus preptanthus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. preptanthus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 64 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus prionodes (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. prionodes Markl.

species :

Ranunculus probiflorus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 149 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. probiflorus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 66 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus procumbens Boiss.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 16: 355 (1841)

Distribution: Turkey; W-Iran

34 IRN TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus isthmicus subsp. stepporum P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 151 (1960)

species :

Ranunculus procurrens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. procurrens Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 115 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus procurrentidens (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. procurrentidens Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 68 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus procurrentiformis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. procurrentiformis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 116 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus prodigiosus Dunkel; Kochia 15: 107 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus productus B.G.Briggs; Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales 84: 321 (1960)

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales: Mt Kosciuszko area)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus prolixidens (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. prolixidens Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 71 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus prolixifidus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. prolixifidus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 117 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus prolixitorus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. prolixitorus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus prominentilobus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 672 (2018)

Name: Meon Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Hampshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus pronicus A.K.Skvortsov; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou , Biol., n. s. 56: Livr. 5, 79 (1951)

Distribution: European Russia

14 RUS

species :

Ranunculus propinquilobus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. propinquilobus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus propinquus C.A.Mey.; Fl. Altaic. 2: 332-333 (1830)

subspecies :

subsp. propinquus

Distribution: Austria; Poland; Slovakia; Hungary; Slovenia; Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Bulgaria; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye); Kazakhstan; China (Gansu, SW-Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, W-Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, E-Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, N-Xinjiang, Yunnan); Mongolia

11 AUT HUN POL SLO 13 BUL CRO KOS ROM SLV SRB 14 MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 36 CHI 37 MON

Remarks: acris agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus acris subsp. strigulosus (Schur) Nyl.; Symb. Bot. Upsal. 7(I): 43 (1943)

= Ranunculus acris var. propinquus Maxim.; Enum. Pl. Mongol. 1: 22 (1889)

= Ranunculus friesianus subsp. strigulosus (Schur) Elenevsky & Derv.-Sokol.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 18: 186 (1981)

= Ranunculus japonicus var. pratensis (Kitag.) M.Tamura; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 24(4-6): 165, f. 2 (1970)

= Ranunculus japonicus var. pratensis Kitag.; Lin. Fl. Manshur. 224, t. 7 (1939)

= Ranunculus japonicus var. propinquus (C.A.Mey.) W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 305 (1995)

= Ranunculus lanuginosiformis Selin ex J.Fellm.; Exsicc. (Pl. Lapp. Or.) 1964: 3 (1864)

= Ranunculus strigulosus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 17 (1866)

= Ranunculus strigulosus var. stenophyllus Schur; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 15(2): 44 (1877)

subspecies :

subsp. glabriusculus (Rupr.) Kuvaev; Fl. Subarkt. Gor Evraz. 153 (2006)

Distribution: European Russia; Siberia (Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Kyrgyzstan

14 RUS 30 SIB 32 KGZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus acris subsp. glabriusculus (Rupr.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128: 512 (1975 publ. 1976)

= Ranunculus glabriusculus Rupr.; Beitr. Pflanzenk. Russ. Reiches 2: 19 (1845)

= Ranunculus tschuktschorum Rupr.; Beitr. Pflanzenk. Russ. Reiches 2: 19 (1845)

subspecies :

subsp. pseudograndis (Vorosch.) Luferov; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 97(4): 100 (1992)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Primorye, Sakhalin)

31 RFE

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus acris subsp. pseudograndis Vorosch.; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada (Moscow) 83: 35 (1972)

= Ranunculus pseudograndis (Vorosch.) Luferov; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 105(3): 57 (2000)

subspecies :

subsp. subangustifidus Luferov; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 97(4): 101 (1992)

Distribution: Siberia (Chita); Russian Far East (Amur)

30 SIB 31 RFE

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus subangustifidus (Luferov) Luferov; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 105(3): 57 (2000)

subspecies :

subsp. subborealis (Tzvelev) Kuvaev; Fl. Subarkt. Gor Evraz. 153 (2006)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Kazakhstan; China (Xinjiang)

30 SIB 32 KAZ 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus acris f. villosus Drabble; Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 9: 472 (1930)

= Ranunculus acris var. villosus (Drabble) S.M.Coles; Watsonia 8: 240 (1971)

= Ranunculus borealis subsp. pumilus (J.Fellm.) Timokhina; Fl. Sibir. (Portulacac.-Ranunculac.) 6: 176 (1993)

= Ranunculus borealis Trautv.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 33: 73 (1860)

= Ranunculus borealis var. pumilus (J.Fellm.) Tolm.; Arktich. Fl. SSSR 6: 219 (1971)

= Ranunculus propinquus var. borealis (Trautv.) Luferov; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 97(4): 99 (1992)

= Ranunculus propinquus var. subborealis (Tzvelev) Luferov; Turczaninovia 7(1): 57 (2004)

= Ranunculus subborealis subsp. villosus (Drabble) Elven; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 2(1): 438 (2008)

= Ranunculus subborealis Tzvelev; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 99(5): 70 (1994), nom. nov.

species :

Ranunculus prorsidens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. prorsidens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus prosotatus Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. porrectus G.Kvist; Mem. Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 61(4): 116 (1985)

species :

Ranunculus prosseri Dunkel; Ann. Mus. Civici-Rovereto 22: 183, figs. 9-13, 15 (2007)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus protendens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. protendens Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 118 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus protensis C.Presl; J. Presl & C. Presl, Delic. Prag.: 9. (1822)

Distribution: Sardinia; ?Italy; Sicily

12 SAR 13 SIC

Remarks: bulbosus agg.

species :

Ranunculus psepharus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. psepharus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 73 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus pseudacutiusculus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pseudacutiusculus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus pseudaemulans R.Doll; Gleditschia. 2: 6 (1974 publ. 1975)

Name: Falscher Nachahmender Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus pseudalsaticus Dunkel; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 66: 22 (2014)

Distribution: France (Alsace)

12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus pseudargoviensis Dunkel; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 84: 20 (2018)

Distribution: France

12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus pseudoacris Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 30: 67 (1996), nom. nov.

Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary

11 HUN SLO

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus acriformis Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 228 (1964)

= Ranunculus debreceniensis Hörandl & Gutermann; Bot. Jahrb., 120(1): 35 (1998), nom. nov. superfl.

species :

Ranunculus pseudobinatus Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 223, in clavi, 229 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 398 (1965)

Distribution: Slovakia; C-Romania

11 SLO 13 ROM

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus pseudobscurans (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pseudobscurans Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(1): 30 (1974)

species :

Ranunculus pseudocassubicus (Christ) Christ ex W.Koch; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 42: 750 (1933), cum descr.

Name: Falscher Kaschubischer Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany ; NW-Switzerland

11 GER SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus var. pseudocassubicus Christ ex Schinz & R.Keller; 79 (1905)

= Ranunculus christii W.Koch; Ber Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 43: 126 (1934)

species :

Ranunculus pseudofluitans (Syme) Newbould ex Baker & Foggitt; J. Bot. 3: 115 (1865)

Name: Flutender Pinselblättriger Wasser-Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: England (England, Wales, S-Scotland); Ireland (Northern Ireland); Germany (Brandenburg, Bayern, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Schleswig-Holstein, Sachsen); Poland; France; W-Greece (rare Epirus, Kerkyra); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; Ukraine; etc.

10 GRB IRE 11 GER POL 12 FRA 13 GRC 14 BLR EST LAT LIT UKR

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. Distribution incomplete

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium pseudofluitans Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 1: 16 (1878)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. pseudofluitans (Newbould ex Syme) Clapham; Clapham & al., Fl. Brit. Isles: 99 (1952)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. pseudofluitans Newbould ex Syme; Engl. Bot., ed. 3, 1: 20 (1863)

= Ranunculus calcareus R.W.Butcher; The Naturalist (Yorkshire) 875: 125 (1960)

= Ranunculus heterophyllus subsp. pseudofluitans (Newbould ex Syme) Moore & More; 5 (1866)

= Ranunculus peltatus subsp. pseudofluitans (Newbould ex Syme) Franco; Nova Fl. Portugal 1: 551 (1971)

= Ranunculus penicillatus subsp. pseudofluitans (Newbould ex Syme) S.D.Webster; Watsonia 17(1): 20 (1988)

= Ranunculus penicillatus var. calcareus (Butcher) C.D.K.Cook; 158 (1966)

= Ranunculus penicillatus var. pseudofluitans (Syme) S.D.Webster; Watsonia 17(1): 20 (1988)

species :

Ranunculus pseudohirculus Schrenk ex L.Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Enum. Pl. Nov. 2: 65 (1842)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Tuva); Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Bamyan); Mongolia; Nepal

30 SIB 32 KAZ TZK UZB 34 AFG 37 MON 40 NEP

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus longicaulis var. pseudohirculus (Schrenk) Gubanov; L. G. Byazrov et al., Fl. Khangaya: 110 (1989)

= Ranunculus nephelogenes var. pseudohirculus (Trautv.) J.G.Liu; Fl. Xinjiangensis 2(1): 308 (1994)

species :

Ranunculus pseudoincisifolius Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 222. in clavi, 226 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 396 (1965)

Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary

11 HUN SLO

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus pseudolobatus L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 28: 360 (1980)

Distribution: China (NW-Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus pseudolowii H.Eichler; Biblioth. Bot. 31: Heft 124, 78 (1958)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus pseudolyratus Dunkel; Kochia 15: 156 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus pseudomillefoliatus Grau; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 20: 55 (1984)

Distribution: C-Spain

12 SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus paludosus subsp. millefoliatus Rivas Mart.; Lazaroa 8: 425 (1986)

= Ranunculus paludosus subsp. pseudomillefoliatus (Grau) Muñoz Garm. & Pedrel; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 45: 586 (1989)

= Ranunculus paludosus subsp. pseudomillefoliatus (Grau) N.Marcos & A.Velasco; Bol. Soc. Brot. sér. 2, 60: 73 (1987), without exact basionym date or page

species :

Ranunculus pseudomonacensis Dunkel; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 92: 30-31 (1954)

Name: Schein-Münchner Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus pseudomonophyllus Timokhina; Fl. Sibir. (Portulacac.-Ranunculac.) 6: 208 (1993)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, Yakutia)

30 SIB

species :

Ranunculus pseudomontanus Schur; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 15: 42 (1877)

Distribution: Poland; Slovakia; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria

11 POL SLO 13 BUL NMA ROM

Remarks: montanus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus montanus subsp. pseudomontanus (Schur) Elenevsky & Derv.-Sokol.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 76(2): 192 (1991)

species :

Ranunculus pseudopimus O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 127 (1949)

Name: Falscher Stattlicher Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Sachsen, Thüringen); Czech Republic; E-France (Alsace)

11 CZE GER 12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pseudopimus (O.Schwarz) R.Engel; Bull. Assoc. Philom. Alsace Lorraine 13: 79 (1968)

species :

Ranunculus pseudopygmaeus Hand.-Mazz.; Acta H. Gotob. 13: 161, t. 1, f. 14 (1939)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet (Mêdog Xian); Nepal

36 CHI TIB 40 NEP

species :

Ranunculus pseudosilvicola Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 224, in clavi, 231 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 401 (1965)

Distribution: Hungary

11 HUN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus pseudotrullifolius Skottsb.; Svensk. Vet.-Acad. Handl. 50: No. 3, 32 (1913)

Distribution: Argentina (Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Los Lagos, Magallanes); Iles Kerguélen; Falkland Isl.

85 ARG CLE 91 FAL KEG

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus caespitosus Dusén; Ergebn. Schwed. Exp. Magell. 3(5): 185 (1900)

= Ranunculus dusenii Lourteig; Darwiniana 9: 468 (1951)

species :

Ranunculus pseudovertumnalis Haas; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 30: 30 (1954)

Name: Falscher Wechselhafter Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern); Czech Republic

11 CZE GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pseudovertumnalis (Haas) R.Engel; Bull. Assoc. Philom. Alsace Lorraine 13: 78 (1968)

species :

Ranunculus psilophyllus H.Eichler; Biblioth. Bot. 31: Heft 124, 70 (1958)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus psilostachys Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 1: 304 (1843)

Name: Behaartähriger Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Hungary; Croatia; ?Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread mainland, mountains in the South, also Kerkyra, Thasos, Samothraki)

11 ger HUN 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC KOS MNT NMA SRB TUE

Remarks: oxyspermus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus psilostachys var. friedrichsthalii Griseb.; 304 (1843)

species :

Ranunculus psiloticus (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. psiloticus Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus pskemensis V.N.Pavlov; Novit. Syst. Pl. Vasc., Acad. Sci. URSS 6: 276 (1970)

Distribution: Uzbekistan

32 UZB

species :

Ranunculus psychrophilus Wedd.; Chlor. And. 2: 300 (1861)

Distribution: Ecuador; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz); Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Tucuman)

83 BOL ECU 85 ARG

species :

Ranunculus puberulus W.Koch; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 42: 744 (1933)

Name: Flaum-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Conservation Status: extremely local, restricted to 1-2 populations

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. puberulus (W.Koch) R.Engel; Bull. Assoc. Philom. Alsace Lorraine 13: 77 (1968)

species :

Ranunculus pubitorus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 673 (2018)

Name: Caxton End Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Cambridgeshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus pulchellus C.A.Mey.; Fl. Altaic. 2: 333-334 (1830)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; China (Gansu, Nei Mongol, Xinjiang); Mongolia; Pakistan (Chitral, Pamirs, Deosai, Nubra, Baltistan); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Manipur, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)

30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ 36 CHI 37 MON 40 BHU IND NEP PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus flammula D.Don; Royle. Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts.: 53 (1835), non L., 1753.

= Ranunculus gaurii L.R.Dangwal & D.S.Rawat; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 20(3): 703 (1996)

= Ranunculus lingua var. subvillosus M.Tamura; Acta Phyt Geobot. 23: 32 (1968)

= Ranunculus longicaulis var. pulchellus (C.A.Mey.) Gubanov; L. G. Byazrov et al., Fl. Khangaya: 110 (1989)

= Ranunculus macrodon Turcz. ex Ovcz.; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 374 (1937)

= Ranunculus moorcroftianus D.Don; J. F. Royle, Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts.: 53 (1834)

= Ranunculus salsuginosus Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 4708 (1831), nomen

species :

Ranunculus pulcher (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pulcher Julin

species :

Ranunculus pulchridentatus (Cedercr.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 81 (1992) 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pulchridentatus Cedercr.

species :

Ranunculus pulchrifolius Dunkel; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 92: 33-35 (1954)

Name: Schönblättriger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus pulchrifrons (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pulchrifrons Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 119 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus pullaster (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pullaster Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 120 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus pullus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 SWE 14 EST LAT LIT RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pullus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus pulsatillifolius Litv.; Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 1: 25 (1902)

Distribution: Turkmenistan

32 TKM

species :

Ranunculus pumilio R.Br. ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 271 (1817)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus leptocaulis Hook.; J. Bot. [Hooker] 1: 244 (1834)

variant :

var. politus Melville; Kew Bulletin 11: 285 (1956)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus punctatus Jurtzev; Novit. Syst. Pl. Vasc., Acad. Sci. URSS 6: 302 (1970)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Magadan)

31 RFE

species :

Ranunculus puringii Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 80(7): 77 (1995)

Distribution: NW-European Russia

14 RUS

species :

Ranunculus pusillicans (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pusillicans Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 121 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus pusillidens (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 150 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. pusillidens Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 75 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus pusillus Poir.; Encyc. 6: 99 (1804)

Name: Low spearwort

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, California, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia)

74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus biolettii Greene; Pittonia 2: 225 (1892)

= Ranunculus humilis Pers.; Syn. Pl. (Pers.) 2(1): 102 (1806)

= Ranunculus oblongifolius Elliott; Sketch Bot. S. Carolina (Elliott) 2: 58 (1821)

= Ranunculus pusillus var. denticulatus Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. 1: 17 (1838)

= Ranunculus pusillus var. lindheimeri (Engelm.) A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 367 (1886)

= Ranunculus pusillus var. muticus Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. 1: 17 (1838)

= Ranunculus pusillus var. oblongifolius (Elliott) Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1: 17 (1838)

= Ranunculus trachyspermus var. lindheimeri Engelm.in Engelm. & A.Gray; Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 211 (1845)

variant :

var. angustifolius (Engelm.) L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 310 (1942)

Name: Low spearwort

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas)

77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus tener C.Mohr; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 6: 513 (1901)

= Ranunculus trachyspermus Engelm. ex Engelm. & A.Gray; Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. 5: 211 (1847)

= Ranunculus trachyspermus var. angustifolius Engelm.; Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 211 (1845)

species :

Ranunculus pycnodon (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. pycnodon Markl.

species :

Ranunculus pygmaeus Wahlenb.; Fl. Lappon.: 157 (1812)

Name: Zwerg-Hahnenfuß, Pygmy buttercup

Distribution: Iceland; Jan Mayen; Svalbard; Faeroe Isl.; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Austria; Slovakia; Italy; N-European Russia; Siberia (Buryatia, Chita, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Japan (Honshu); Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Québec, Yukon); USA (Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

10 FIN FOR ICE JMY NOR SVA SWE 11 AUT NET SLO 13 ITA 14 RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 38 JAP 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus baerianus Boguslaw; Arch. Wiss. Kunde Russland 6: 60 (1848)

= Ranunculus pygmaeus var. langeanus Nath.; Öfvers. Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Förh. 41: 46 (-47) (1884)

= Ranunculus pygmaeus var. petiolulatus Fernald; Rhodora 19: 137 (1917)

= Ranunculus tappeineri Bamb.; Flora 35: 625 (1852)

species :

Ranunculus pyrenaeus L.; Mant. Pl.: 248 (1771)

Name: Pyrenäen-Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: N-Spain; Andorra; France; ?Corsica

12 ADO FRA SPA

Remarks: amplexicaulis agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus bupleuroides Lapeyr. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 1: 10 (1878)

= Ranunculus plantagineus All.; Fl. Pedem. 2: 48 (1785) (nom. illeg.)

= Ranunculus plantagineus var. laceratus (Burnat) P.Küpfer; Boissiera 23: 171 (1974)

= Ranunculus pyrenaeus subsp. plantagineus (All.) Ces.; Car. Catt., 285 (1844)

= Ranunculus pyrenaeus var. bupleurifolius (Lapeyr.) DC.; 243 (1817)

= Ranunculus pyrenaeus var. laceratus Burnat

= Ranunculus pyrenaeus var. plantagineus (All.) DC.; 889 (1805)

= Ranunculus pyrenaicus Christm.; Pflanzensyst. 7: 333 (1781)

= Ranunculus tauriensis All. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. (Steud.) 1: 681 (1821)

species :

Ranunculus quadrivaginatus (Valta) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; C-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 EST LAT LIT RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. quadrivaginatus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus quinatus Brodtb.; Bauhinia 9(1): 83 (1988)

Name: Burg-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: NW-Switzerland; France (Alsace)

11 SWI 12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus quinatus var. heteranthus Brodtb.; Bauhinia 12: 35 (1998)

species :

Ranunculus quinquangularis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. quinquangularis Julin

species :

Ranunculus raddeanus Regel; Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 39 (1865)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; NE-Turkey

33 ARM GEO NCS 34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus caucasicus subsp. subleiocarpus (Sommier & Levier) P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 125 (1960)

= Ranunculus raddeanus subsp. subleiocarpus (Sommier & Levier) N.Busch

= Ranunculus raddeanus var. subleiocarpus Sommier & Levier; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 16: 10 (1900)

= Ranunculus sommieri Albov; Bull. Herb. Boissier 1. (1893) 245, Sommier & Levier, in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. Ser. II. 1: 9 (1894)

= Ranunculus transcaucasicus Kem.-Nath.; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Thbiliss., Fasc. 23, 32 (1963)

species :

Ranunculus radicans C.A.Mey.; Fl. Altaic. 2: 316-318 (1830)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); China (Heilongjiang, Nei Mongol, Xinjiang); Mongolia

30 SIB 36 CHI 37 MON

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus gmelinii var. radicans Krylov; (1931)

= Ranunculus hyperboreus var. radicans Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 1(1): 18. (1872)

= Ranunculus gmelinii subsp. radicans (C.A.Mey.) Hultén; Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl. 13(1): 343 (1971)

species :

Ranunculus radinotrichus Greuter & Strid; Willdenowia 11: 267 (1981)

Distribution: Crete (Lefka Ori)

13 KRI

species :

Ranunculus raeae Exell; J. Bot. 73: 262 (1935)

Distribution: SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; N-Mozambique

23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus zernyi Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 15: 714 (1942)

species :

Ranunculus ranceorum de Lange; New Zealand J. Bot. 46(1): 4 (2008), nom. nov.

Distribution: New Zealand (South Isl.)

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus recens var. lacustris G.Simpson; Trans. & Proc. Roy. Soc. New Zealand 79: 422 (1952)

species :

Ranunculus rantae (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. rantae Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus rapaicsianus Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 222, in clavi, 225 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 395 (1965)

Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary; NW-European Russia [I]; Ukraine

11 HUN SLO 14 rus UKR

species :

Ranunculus rastetteri Dunkel; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 84: 22 (2018)

Distribution: France

12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus ratisbonensis Dunkel; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 85: 40 (2015)

Name: Regensburger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus recens Kirk; Fl. N. Zeal. 13 (1899)

Distribution: New Zealand (North Isl.)

51 NZL

species :

Ranunculus rectiangulus (Julin) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 82 (1992) 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. rectiangulus Julin; Bot. Not. 131(3): 335 (1978)

species :

Ranunculus recticaulis Hörandl & Gutermann; Bot. Jahrb., 120(1): 35 (1998), nom. nov.

Name: Geradstängeliger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Sachsen, Thüringen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus rectus Haas; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 29: 11 (1952)

species :

Ranunculus rectilobus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 671 (2018)

Name: Downs Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Surrey, Kent)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus rectirostris Coss. & Durieu; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 2: 303 (1855)

Distribution: ?Morocco; Algeria

20 ALG

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus tenuirostris Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atlant. 1: 250 (1874)

species :

Ranunculus rectistylus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. rectistylus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 122 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus recurvatus Poir.; Encyc. 6: 125 (1804)

Name: Blisterwort (EN)

Distribution: Canada (New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia); Jamaica; Hispaniola

72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA 81 HIS JAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fascicularis Spreng.; Neue Entdeck. Pflanzenk. 1: 228 (1820)

= Ranunculus hirtus Muhl. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. (Steud.), ed. 2. 2: 433 (1841)

= Ranunculus lanuginosus Walter; Fl. Carol. [Walter] 159 (1788) non L.

= Ranunculus leptopetalus Raf.; Fl. Ludov. 83 (1817)

= Ranunculus recurvatus f. laevicaulis Harger ex Weath.; Rhodora 31: 164 (1929)

= Ranunculus recurvatus var. adpressipilis Weath.; Rhodora 31: 164 (1929)

= Ranunculus recurvatus var. fontinalis Peattie; J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 44: 205 (1929)

= Ranunculus recurvatus var. minor Hook.; J. Bot. [Hooker] 1: 187 (1834)

= Ranunculus saniculiformis Muhl. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 40 (1824)

variant :

var. tropicus (Griseb.) Fawc. & Rendle; Fl. Jamaica [Fawc. & Rendle] 3: 188 (1914)

Distribution: Cuba; Jamaica; Dominican Republic; Haiti; Puerto Rico

81 CUB HIS JAM PUE

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus repens var. tropicus Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. (Grisebach) 1 (1859)

= Ranunculus cubensis Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. 1 (1866)

species :

Ranunculus recurvens (Fagerstr. & G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Norway

10 NOR

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. recurvens Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 19(1): 56 (1982)

species :

Ranunculus reflexus Garn.-Jones; New Zealand J. Bot. 25(1): 126 (1987), nom. nov.

Distribution: New Zealand (widespread); Chatham Isl.

51 CTM NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus hirtus Banks & Sol. ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 289 (1817)

species :

Ranunculus regelianus Ovcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 44: 267 (1935)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (NW-Xinjiang)

32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus regularis (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. regularis Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus reichenbachii Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 226 (1964)

Distribution: Hungary; W-Ukraine

11 HUN 14 UKR

Remarks: status doubtful

species :

Ranunculus reichertii Dunkel; Kochia 7: 46 (2013)

Name: Reichert-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Rheinland-Pfalz)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus remotilobus Dunkel; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 66: 29 (2014)

Name: Entferntlappiger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: France (Alsace)

12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus reniformis Wall. ex Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 1: 3 (1834)

Distribution: India (Karnataka, Kerala, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu)

40 IND

species :

Ranunculus reniger (Julin) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 82 (1992) 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Denmark

10 DEN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. reniger Julin

species :

Ranunculus renzii Iranshahr & Rech.f.; Fl. Iranica 171: 179, t. 170 (1992)

Distribution: Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

34 IRN

species :

Ranunculus repens L.; Sp. Pl. 554 (1753)

Name: Kriechender Hahnenfuß (DE), Creeping buttercup (EN); Ranunculo del prado (ES)

Distribution: Iceland; Svalbard [I]; Faeroe Isl.; England (England, Wales, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl., Isle of Man, Isles of Scilly, St. Kilda Isl.); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Baleares; France; Channel Isl. (Alderney, Guernsey, Jersey); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (mountains of N- & C-Greece, N-Peloponnisos); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Azores [I] (Sao Miguel Isl. [I], Terceira [I], Sao Jorge [I], Pico [I], Faial [I], Flores Isl. [I]); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Tenerife); Siberia (Altai, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shanxi, Xinjiang, Yunnan); Mongolia; North Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); Pakistan [I]; India (Sikkim); Australia [I] (South Australia [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); Norfolk Isl. [I]; New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Auckland Isl. [I]; Hawaii [I] (Hawaii Isl. [I]); Alaska [I]; Greenland [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Labrador [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Québec [I], Yukon [I]); St. Pierre et Miquelon [I]; USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Iowa [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], Mississippi [I], Montana [I], North Carolina [I], Nebraska [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], Nevada [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I], West Virginia [I], Wyoming [I]); Mexico [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Panama [I]; Jamaica [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]; S-Brazil [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Atacama [I], Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Araucanía [I], Los Rios [I], Los Lagos [I], Aisén [I], Magallanes [I]); Falkland Isl. [I]; South Georgia Isl. [I]

10 DEN FIN FOR GRB ICE IRE NOR sva SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG MOR 21 azo CNY MDR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ TUR 36 CHI 37 MON 38 JAP NKO 40 IND pak 50 aus nfk 51 auc ctm nzl 63 haw 70 ask cdn gnl 71 cdn 72 cdn spm 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 80 cos pan 81 jam 83 bol per 84 bra 85 arg cle 91 fal sge

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculastrum repens (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 324 (1868)

= Ranunculastrum reptabundum Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 324 (1868)

= Ranunculus belvisii DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 291 (1817)

= Ranunculus caleyanus G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 37 (1831)

= Ranunculus clintonii L.C.Beck; Bot. North. Middle States: 9 (1833)

= Ranunculus infestus Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 373 (1796)

= Ranunculus intermedius Eaton; Man. Bot. N. States, ed. 3: 424 (1822)

= Ranunculus lagascanus DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 43 (1824)

= Ranunculus lanuginosus Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 394 (1813)

= Ranunculus lucidus Poir.; Lam., Encycl. 6: 113 (1804)

= Ranunculus oenanthifolius Ten. & Guss.; Atti Reale Accad. Sci. Napoli 5(I): 318 (1843) (n. v.)

= Ranunculus philonotis Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 393 (1813)

= Ranunculus prostratus Poir.; Encycl. (Lam.) 6(1): 113 (1804)

= Ranunculus pubescens Lag.; Gen. Sp. Pl. 19 (1816) (non Thunb., Prodr. Pl. Cap. 94 (1800))

= Ranunculus repens f. aurantiacus Podp.; 11 (1908)

= Ranunculus repens f. luxurians Zapal.; 237 (1909)

= Ranunculus repens f. polypetalus S.H.Li & Y.H.Huang; Fl. Pl. Herb. Chin. Bor.-Orient. 3: 200, 230 (1975)

= Ranunculus repens f. schlechtendalii Kurtz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 19: 358 (1894)

= Ranunculus repens f. submersus Glück; 100 (1911)

= Ranunculus repens f. subrotundus Zapal.; 237 (1909)

= Ranunculus repens f. vestitus Zapal.; 238 (1909)

= Ranunculus repens var. anthricifolius Zapal.; 239 (1909)

= Ranunculus repens var. apiifolia Wallr.; 294 (1822)

= Ranunculus repens var. brevistylus Maxim.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 11(1): 25 (1890)

= Ranunculus repens var. degeneratus Schur

= Ranunculus repens var. dniestrensis Zapal.; 238 (1909)

= Ranunculus repens var. erectus DC.; Syst. Nat. 1: 285 (1817)

= Ranunculus repens var. glabratus DC.; Syst. Nat. 1: 285 (1817)

= Ranunculus repens var. linearilobus DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 38 (1824)

= Ranunculus repens var. major Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 42(493): 23 (1928)

= Ranunculus repens var. micranthus Zapal.; 238 (1909)

= Ranunculus repens var. myrrhiphyllus Wallr.; 294 (1822)

= Ranunculus repens var. pinscuanus Zapal.; 238 (1909)

= Ranunculus repens var. pleniflorus Fernald; Rhodora 19: 138 (1917)

= Ranunculus repens var. prostratus Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: 307 (1823)

= Ranunculus repens var. subvillosus Zapal.; 238 (1909)

= Ranunculus repens var. villosus Lamotte

= Ranunculus schlechtendalii Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 1: 21 (1829)

= Ranunculus semidecurrens Opiz; Flora 7: I. Beil. 84 (1824)

= Ranunculus tomentosus Poir.; Encycl. (Lam.) 6(1): 127 (1804)

species :

Ranunculus reptabundus Rupr.; Beitr. Pflanzenk. Russ. Reiches 2: 10 (1845)

Distribution: European Russia

14 RUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus scleratoides Perfil. ex Ovcz.; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 355 (1937)

= Ranunculus sceleratus subsp. reptabundus (Rupr.) Hultén; Bot. Not. 1947: 352 (1947)

species :

Ranunculus reptans L.; Sp. Pl. 549 (1753)

Name: Creeping spearwort (EN); Ufer-Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Iceland; Faeroe Isl.; England (NW-England, E-Scotland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Germany (+Brandenburg, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, +Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, +Niedersachsen, +Rheinland-Pfalz, +Schleswig-Holstein, Sachsen-Anhalt); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; France; Italy; Montenegro; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; N-European Russia; Moldova; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; China (Heilongjiang, Nei Mongol, Xinjiang); Mongolia; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Colorado, Connecticut, Idaho, Massachusetts, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming)

10 DEN FIN FOR GRB ICE NOR SWE 11 AUT GER POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA MNT 14 BLR EST LAT LIT MLD RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 36 CHI 37 MON 38 JAP 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA

Remarks: flammula agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus filiformis Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 1: 320 (1803)

= Ranunculus flagellifolius Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 42: 24 (1928)

= Ranunculus flammula f. reptans (L.) Ostenf.; Bot. Færöes 1: 74 (1901)

= Ranunculus flammula subsp. reptans (L.) Ces.; Car. Catt., 285 (1844), isonym

= Ranunculus flammula subsp. reptans (L.) Piper & Beattie; Fl. N. W. Coast (Piper & Beattie) 157 (1915), isonym

= Ranunculus flammula subsp. reptans (L.) Syme; Sowerby, Engl. Bot. ed. 31B1 1: 34 (1863), isonym

= Ranunculus flammula subsp. reptans (L.) Turcz.; Fl. Baical-Dahur. 1: 50 (1842-45)

= Ranunculus flammula var. filiformis (Michx.) Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 1: 11 (1829)

= Ranunculus flammula var. intermedius Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 1: 11 (1829)

= Ranunculus flammula var. reptans (L.) W.D.J.Koch & Ziz; 10 (1814)

= Ranunculus microlonchus Greene; Erythea 4: 112 (1896)

= Ranunculus reptans f. submersus Glück; 122 (1911)

= Ranunculus reptans f. terrestris Glück; 121 (1911)

= Ranunculus reptans var. erectus Vict. & J.Rousseau; Contr. Inst. Bot. Univ. Montréal 36: 16 (1940)

= Ranunculus reptans var. filiformis (Michx.) DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 248 (1817)

= Ranunculus reptans var. flagellifolius (Nakai) Ohwi; Fl. Jap. 523. (1953)

= Ranunculus reptans var. gormanii K.C.Davis; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 2: 498 (1900)

= Ranunculus reptans var. intermedius (Hook.) Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1: 16 (1838)

species :

Ranunculus resvoll-holmseniae (Fagerstr. & G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Norway

10 NOR

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. resvoll-holmseniae Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 20(3): 240 (1983), as ´resvoll-holmsenii´

species :

Ranunculus retroflexus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. retroflexus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 122 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus retusatus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. retusatus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 123 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus retusidens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. retusidens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus retusifolius (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. retusifolius Markl.

species :

Ranunculus retusiformis (Rasch) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. retusiformis Rasch

species :

Ranunculus retusus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. retusus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 124 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus reuterianus Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 1: 65 (1843)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: oxyspermus agg.

species :

Ranunculus revelierei Boreau; Mém. Soc. Acad. Maine Loire 1: 85 (1857)

subspecies :

subsp. revelierei

Distribution: SE-France; Corsica; Sardinia

12 COR FRA SAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus ophioglossifolius subsp. revellierii (Boreau) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 355 (1936)

= Ranunculus pedunculatus Lange; Descr. Icon. Pl. Nov. 1: 4 (1864)

subspecies :

subsp. rodiei (Litard.) Tutin; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 69: 55 (1964)

Distribution: SE-France (Dept. Var)

12 FRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus revelierei var. rodiei Litard.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 82: 616 (1936)

species :

Ranunculus revuschkinii Pjak & Schegol.; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 96: 10 (2006)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai)

30 SIB

species :

Ranunculus rheithroplesius (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus monophyllus subsp. rheithroplesius Markl.

species :

Ranunculus rhombilobus Borch.-Kolb; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21(1): 101 (1985)

Name: Rautenblättriger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus rhomboideus Goldie; Edinb. Phil. Journ. 6: 329. t. 11, f. 1 (1822)

Name: Labrador buttercup

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Northern Territories, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan); USA (Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Washington State, Wisconsin)

70 CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus ovalifolius Lamb. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 33 (1831)

= Ranunculus ovalis Raf.; J. Bot. Agric. 4: 268 (1815)

= Ranunculus ovatifolius Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 434 (1840)

species :

Ranunculus rigescens Turcz. ex Ovcz.; Fl. URSS 7: 389 (1937)

Distribution: Siberia (Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Tuva); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; China (Nei Mongol, Xinjiang); Mongolia

30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ 36 CHI 37 MON

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus manshuricus S.H.Li in Liou; Clav. Pl. Chin. Bor.-Orient. 86 (1959)

= Ranunculus rigescens var. leiocarpus Kitag.

= Ranunculus rigescens f. leiocarpus (Kitag.) Kitag.; Neo-Lineam. Fl. Manshur.: 309 (1979)

species :

Ranunculus rigidifolius (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. rigidifolius Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 77 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus rionii Lagger; Flora (Regensburg) 31: 49 (1848)

Name: Rion-Wasserhahnenfuß

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern [I], Hessen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland, +Sachsen); +Switzerland; Austria; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Italy; Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; W-Greece (Epirus, Kerkyra); SW-Crete; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Egypt (Desert Oases, Great Southwestern Desert, Nile Delta); Siberia (Altai, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Balkh, Bamyan, Farah, Faryab, Ghazni, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Logar, Paktia / Khost, Takhar); Saudi Arabia (Asir); Yemen (N-Inner Yemen, W-Yemen); Pakistan (Peshawar, Pakistani Punjab); NW-India (Ladakh, Jammu & Kashmir)

11 AUT CZE GER HUN SLO SWI 13 CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI ROM SRB 14 KRY MLD RUS UKR 20 EGY 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG EAI IRN IRQ TUR 35 SAU YEM 40 IND PAK

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. Mostly sympatric with R. sphaerospermus; distribution data might be confused. Records for southern Africa belong to R. sphaerospermus, those for Japan to R. kadzusensis.

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium rionii (Lagger) Nyman; Bot. Not. 1852: 98 (1852)

= Batrachium trichophyllum subsp. rionii (Lagger) C.D.K.Cook; Mitt. Bot. München 3: 601 (1960)

= Ranunculus flaccidus var. rionii (Lagger) Hegi; 584 (1912)

= Ranunculus paucistamineus subsp. rionii (Lagger) Simonk.; 44 (1887)

= Ranunculus paucistamineus var. rionii (Lagger) Jess.; 426 (1879)

= Ranunculus sedunensis Rion ex Wolf.; Bull. Murith. Soc. Valais. Sci. Nat. 7-8: 28 (1879)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus subsp. rionii (Lagger) Gremli; 72 (1874)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus subsp. rionii (Lagger) Soó; Magyar Nur. Kerikonyre 22. (1951)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. rionii (Lagger) Schinz & R.Keller; 193 (1900)

species :

Ranunculus robertsonii Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 10 (1863)

Distribution: Australia (SE-South Australia, Victoria)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus roborascens (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. roborascens Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 79 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus robusticaulis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. robusticaulis Julin; Bot. Not. 131(3): 337 (1978)

species :

Ranunculus robustifolius (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. robustifolius Julin

species :

Ranunculus robustifrons (Markl.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 86(2): 82 (1992), et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. robustifrons Markl.

species :

Ranunculus roessleri Borch.-Kolb; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21(1): 194 (1985)

Name: Roessler-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus rostratulus Borch.-Kolb; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21(1): 123 (1985)

Name: Geschnäbelter Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Conservation Status: extremely threatened, few specimens remaining on one site

species :

Ranunculus rotarius (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. rotarius Markl.

species :

Ranunculus rotundatiformis Dunkel; Kochia 15: 126 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus rotundatissimus Dunkel; Kochia 15: 159 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus rotundatus Borch.-Kolb; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21(1): 201 (1985)

Name: Rundlicher Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Rheinland-Pfalz, Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus rotundellus (Markl.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 82 (1992) 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland; C-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN SWE 14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. rotundellus Markl.

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. rotundelliformis Julin

species :

Ranunculus rotundidens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. rotundidens Julin

species :

Ranunculus rotundifrons Dunkel; Stapfia 112: 44 (2021)

Distribution: Spain (Castilla y León)

12 SPA

Remarks: auricomus agg., carlittensis group

species :

Ranunculus rotundilobus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 672 (2018)

Name: Madingley Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Cambridgeshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus royi G.Simpson; Trans. & Proc. Roy. Soc. N. Z. Ixxix. 420 (1952)

Distribution: New Zealand

51 NZL

species :

Ranunculus rubellinodes (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. rubellinodes Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 81 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus rubellus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. rubellus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 126 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus rubicundulus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. rubicundulus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 84 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus rubricaulis Dunkel; Kochia 15: 144 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus rubrocalyx Regel ex Kom.; Trav. Soc. Naturalistes St. Petersbourg, Sect. Bot. 26: 62 (1896)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Ghazni, Jawzjan / Sar-e-Pol, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Wardak, Paktia / Khost, Parwan); China (Xinjiang); Pakistan (Chitral, Swat, Gilgit); India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir)

32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG 36 CHI 40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus rufosepalus var. parviflora Kom.; Trav. Soc. Naturalistes St. Petersbourg, Sect. Bot. 26: 62. (1896)

species :

Ranunculus rubrosepalus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. rubrosepalus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 127 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus rubroviolaceus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. rubroviolaceus Julin

species :

Ranunculus rufosepalus Franch.; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. VI. 15: 217 (1883)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Baghlan, Bamyan, Kabul, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Takhar); China (Xinjiang); Pakistan (Chitral, Pamirs, Karakorum); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir)

32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG 36 CHI 40 IND PAK

species :

Ranunculus rugegensis Engl.; Wiss. Ergebn, Deutsch. Zentr.-Afr.-Exped. 1907-8 2: 208 (1911)

Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda

23 RWA ZAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus bequaertii De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 2: 35 (1923)

species :

Ranunculus rumelicus Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 1: 305 (1843)

Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread N-Greece, scattered C- & S-Greece, Thasos, Samothraki, Evvoia, Kiklades: Andros, Tinos, Naxos, Milos); Crete (Lefka Ori, Ida, Dikti, Afendis Kavousi); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Kalimnos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains)

13 BUL GRC KOS KRI NMA SRB TUE 34 CYP EAI TUR

Remarks: oxyspermus agg.

species :

Ranunculus ruscinonensis Landolt; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 66: 101 (1956)

Distribution: NE-Spain; Andorra; France (E-Pyrenees)

12 ADO FRA SPA

Remarks: breyninus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus montanus subsp. ruscinonensis (Landolt) O.Bolòs & Font Quer; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 6: 355 (1962)

variant :

var. viridescens Vigo; Acta Bot. Barcin. 35: 209 (1983)

Distribution: NE-Spain

12 SPA

species :

Ranunculus sabinei R.Br.; Parry, 1st Voy. App. 264 (1824)

Name: Sabines buttercup

Distribution: Siberia (Krasnoyarsk, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Magadan); Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Northern Territories, Nunavut)

30 SIB 31 RFE 70 ASK CDN GNL

Remarks: Status doubtful, possibly a hybrid R. nivalis x pygmaeus

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus pygmaeus var. sabinii (R.Br.) K.C.Davis; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 2: 489 (1900)

= Ranunculus pygmaeus subsp. sabinei (R.Br.) Hultén

= Ranunculus sabinei var. majusculus Tolm.; Arktich. Fl. SSSR 6: 211 (1971)

species :

Ranunculus saelanii (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. saelanii Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus sagittifolius Hook.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 2: t. 173 (1837)

Distribution: Sri Lanka

40 SRL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus hastatus Walker ex Wight; Ill. Ind. Bot. 1: 5 (1838)

species :

Ranunculus sahendicus Boiss. & Buhse; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Nat. Moscou 12: 6 (1860)

Distribution: Iran (NW-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Ranunculus sajanensis Popov; Not. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS 18: 5 (1957)

Distribution: Siberia (Buryatia)

30 SIB

species :

Ranunculus salasii Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Chicago, Bot. Ser. 11: 154 (1936)

Distribution: Guatemala

80 GUA

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Ranunculus sandemarensis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 151 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. sandemarensis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 127 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus sandwithii Lourteig; Bol. Soc. Argentina. Bot. 11: 129 (1967)

Distribution: Colombia (Cesar)

82 CLM

species :

Ranunculus saniculifolius Viv.; Fl. Libyc. Spec.: 29 (1824)

Name: Sanikel-Wasser-Hahnenfuß (DE); Small-fruited Water-crowfoot (EN)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg); Portugal; Spain; Baleares; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; European Turkey; Greece (Thracia, SE-Peloponnisos, Samothraki, Limnos, Kiklades: Tinos, Mikonos, Giaros, Siros, Serifos, Naxos, Paros, Sifnos, Milos); Crete; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Kos, Rhodos); Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Israel (N-Israel); Jordania (S-Jordania)

11 GER 12 BAL COR POR SAR SPA 13 GRC ITA KRI SIC TUE 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 34 CYP EAI IRN ISR JOR TUR

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. This is a genetically heterogeneous mix even after separation of R. fucoides and R. dahlgreniae (Jopek et al. 2023). Rearrangement is likely.

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium saniculifolium (Viv.) Dumort.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 2: 211 (1863)

= Batrachium tenellum (Viv.) Dumort.; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 2: 211 (1863)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. saniculifolius (Viv.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; But. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., 38 Bot. 1: 65 (1974)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. elegans Chabert; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 36: 15 (1889)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. pseudoleontinensis Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 122 (1964)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. renifolius Pau & Font Quer

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. rhiphaeus (Pau & Font Quer) Jahand. & Maire

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. saniculifolius (Viv.) Batt.

= Ranunculus atlanticus Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atlant.: 248 (1874)

= Ranunculus circinatus var. rodiei (Maire) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 21: 55 (1930)

= Ranunculus dubius Freyn; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 909 (1880)

= Ranunculus leontinensis Freyn; M. Willkomm & J. M. C. Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 910 (1880)

= Ranunculus peltatus subsp. saniculifolius (Viv.) C.D.K.Cook; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 40: 473 (1983 publ. 1984)

= Ranunculus peltatus var. rhiphaeus Pau & Font Quer; Font Quer, Iter Marocc. 1927 no. 205 (1928), in sched.

= Ranunculus pomelianus Debeaux; Fl. Kabylie: 16 (1894)

= Ranunculus rodiei Maire; Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc, No. 15, 2 (1926)

= Ranunculus rodiei var. illudens Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 28: 333 (1937)

= Ranunculus sphaerospermus var. rodiei (Maire) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 129 (1964)

= Ranunculus tenellus Viv.; Pl. Aegypt. Dec.: 6 (1830)

= Ranunculus vespertilio Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. 1(1): 33 (1888)

species :

Ranunculus sapozhnikovii Schegol.; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 96: 13 (2006)

Distribution: Mongolia

37 MON

species :

Ranunculus sarasiniorum Warb. ex H.Eichler; Biblioth. Bot. 31: Heft 124, 80 (1958)

Distribution: Sulawesi

42 SUL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus sarasiniorum Warb. ex Sarasin & P.Sarasin; Reis. Sulawesi 2: 329 (1905)

species :

Ranunculus sardous Crantz; Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 2: 84 (1763)

Name: Sardischer Hahnenfuß, Rauhhaariger Hahnenfuß (DE); Hairy buttercup (EN); Ranunculo sardo (ES)

Distribution: England (England, Wales, S-Scotland, Iles of Scilly); Ireland (SE-Ireland); Denmark; Sweden; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; Baleares; France; Channel Isl. (Alderney, Guernsey, Jersey); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread, incl. many islands); Crete; Estonia [I]; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Moldova; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Azores (Terceira); Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife); Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); China [I] (Shanghai [I]); India [I] (West Bengal [I]); Australia [I] (Victoria [I], Tasmania [I], New South Wales [I]); New Zealand [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], New Brunswick [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maryland [I], Missouri [I], Mississippi [I], North Carolina [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], South Carolina [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Virginia [I], Washington State [I], West Virginia [I])

10 DEN GRB IRE SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 BAL CIS COR FRA SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA PTL ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR est KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY 33 GEO NCS 34 EAI 36 chi 40 ind 50 aus 51 nzl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa

Remarks: sardous agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium intermedium (Poir.) Nyman; Syll. Fl. Eur.: 175 (1855)

= Notophilus vulgaris Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 325 (1868)

= Ranunculus aggregatus Capelli; Cat. Stirp.: 47 (1821)

= Ranunculus agrarius All.; Auct. Fl. Pedem.: 27 (1789)

= Ranunculus apioides Lojac.; Malpighia 20: 105 (1906)

= Ranunculus cornutus var. trachycarpus Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. [Coss.] 2: 35 (1887)

= Ranunculus dulcis Bubani; Fl. Pyren. (Bubani) 3: 384 (1901)

= Ranunculus hirsutus Curtis; Fl. Londin. 1: t. 40 (1775)

= Ranunculus intermedius Poir.; Encycl. (Lam.) 6(1): 116 (1804)

= Ranunculus laevis Paolucci; Fl. Marchig.: 623 (1891)

= Ranunculus lanuginosus Costa; A. C. Costa y Cuxart, Introd. Fl. Cataluña: 6 (1864)

= Ranunculus mediterraneus Griseb. ex Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 22 (1866)

= Ranunculus palensis Bergeret; Fl. Basses-Pyrenées 2: 405 (1803)

= Ranunculus pallidior Chaix; D. Villars, Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 1: 335 (1786)

= Ranunculus pallidus Banks & Sol.; A. Russell, Nat. Hist. Aleppo, ed. 2, 2: 254 (1794)

= Ranunculus parviflorus Gouan; Fl. Monsp.: 270 (1764)

= Ranunculus parvulus L.; Mant. Pl.: 79 (1767)

= Ranunculus pedunculatus Viv.; Fl. Cors. Prodr.: 8 (1824)

= Ranunculus philonotis Ehrh.; Hannov. Mag. 171es St.: 270 (1783)

= Ranunculus philonotis var. hirsutus Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: 309 (1823)

= Ranunculus philonotis var. intermedius (Poir.) Ball; Spicil. Fl. Marocc. [Ball]: 307 (1877)

= Ranunculus philonotis var. intermedius Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: 309 (1823)

= Ranunculus philonotis var. parvulus (L.) DC.; 297 (1817)

= Ranunculus philonotis var. subglaber W.D.J.Koch; 18 (1836)

= Ranunculus pseudobulbosus Schur; Verh. Mitt. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 10: 84 (1859), et Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 22 (1866)

= Ranunculus pumilus Thuill.; Fl. Env. Paris, ed. 2: 277 (1799)

= Ranunculus sardous f. angustipartitus Zapal.; 242 (1909)

= Ranunculus sardous f. natans Glück; 503 (1911)

= Ranunculus sardous f. parvulus (L.) Glück; 503 (1911)

= Ranunculus sardous f. petiolatus Zapal.; 242 (1909)

= Ranunculus sardous f. plenus Zapal.; 242 (1909)

= Ranunculus sardous f. semimersus Glück; 332 (1923)

= Ranunculus sardous f. stenopetalus Zapal.; 242 (1909)

= Ranunculus sardous f. submersus Glück; 508 (1911)

= Ranunculus sardous f. suborbicularis Zapal.; 242 (1909)

= Ranunculus sardous f. terrestris Glück; 332 (1923)

= Ranunculus sardous f. validus Zapal.; 242 (1909)

= Ranunculus sardous subsp. intermedius (Poir.) Jahand. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc: 252 (1932)

= Ranunculus sardous subsp. laevis (Smalg.) N.Busch; Kuzn. & al., Fl. Caucas. Crit. 3(3): 138 (1903)

= Ranunculus sardous subsp. mediterraneus (Griseb.) Simonk.; 53 (1887)

= Ranunculus sardous subsp. philonotis (Ehrh.) Briq.; Prodr. Fl. Corse 1: 631 (1910)

= Ranunculus sardous subsp. philonotis (Ehrh.) Elenevsky & Derv.-Sokol.; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 94(1): 117 (1989), isonym

= Ranunculus sardous subsp. subdichotomicus Gerbault; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 67: 267 (1921)

= Ranunculus sardous subsp. xatardii (Lapeyr.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France 1: 108 (1893)

= Ranunculus sardous var. cossoniana Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 164 (1964)

= Ranunculus sardous var. grandiflorus Zapal.; 242 (1909)

= Ranunculus sardous var. intermedius (Poir.) Batt.; Fl. Algèrie [Batt. & Trabut] Dicot.: 13 (1888)

= Ranunculus sardous var. laevis Celak.; 418 (1867), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus sardous var. macrocarpus Freyn ex Batt.

= Ranunculus sardous var. parvulus (L.) Zapal.; 242 (1909)

= Ranunculus sardous var. pseudobulbosus (Schur) Grossh.

= Ranunculus sardous var. tuberculatus Celak.; Prodr. Fl. Böhm.: 418 (1867)

= Ranunculus subtrifolius Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 22 (1866)

= Ranunculus verrucosulus Poir. ex Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 2: 436 (1841)

= Ranunculus xatardii Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrenees, Suppl.: 77 (1818)

species :

Ranunculus sarntheinianus Dunkel; Forum Geobot. 9: 61 (2020)

Distribution: Austria

11 AUT

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus sartorianus Boiss. & Heldr.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 1: 8. (1854)

Distribution: Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; Greece (mountains of N-, C-Greece, N-Peloponnisos, C-Evvoia, Samothraki); Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, WN-Anatolia)

13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC KOS MNT NMA SRB 34 TUR

Remarks: breyninus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus demissus subsp. graecus (Boiss.) Trinajstic; Suppl. Fl. Anat. Jugosl. 1: 8. (1973)

= Ranunculus velatus Halácsy; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math. Naturwiss. Kl. 61: 225 (1894)

= Ranunculus villarsii var. sartorianus (Boiss. & Heldr.) Boiss.; Fl. 1: 41 (1867)

species :

Ranunculus saruwagedicus H.Eichler; Biblioth. Bot. 31: Heft 124, 71 (1958)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus saturicolor (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. saturicolor Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(1): 33 (1974)

species :

Ranunculus savonicus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. savonicus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 86 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus scalaridens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. scalaridens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus scaldianus (Demarsin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Belgium

11 BGM

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. scaldianus Demarsin

species :

Ranunculus scapigerus Hook.; J. Bot. [Hooker] 1: 244 (1834), as scapigerus

Distribution: Australia (higher altitudes in Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus lappaceus var. scapigerus (Hook.) Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 1: 12 (1863)

= Ranunculus scapigerus var. foliosus Melville; Kew Bull. 10: 197 (1955)

species :

Ranunculus sceleratus L.; Sp. Pl. 551 (1753)

Name: Gift-Hahnenfuß (DE); Celery-leaved buttercup (EN)

Distribution: England (England, Wales, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Isle of Man, Isles of Scilly); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Channel Isl. (Guernsey, Jersey); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (scattered N- & C-Greece); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Egypt (Nile Delta, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt); Rwanda; Ethiopia; Kenya; Tanzania; Zimbabwe [I]; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Faryab, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Nangarhar, Qunduz, Samangan, Takhar); Lebanon (coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley); China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan, Waziristan, N. W. Frontier Prov., Pakistani Punjab, Azad Kashmir); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Kachin, Sagaing); NE-Thailand; Laos; Vietnam; Australia [I] (Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia); Chile [I] (Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I])

10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 BAL CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG EGY MOR TUN 23 RWA 24 ETH 25 KEN TAN 26 zim 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR 36 CHI 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO NNS TAI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP PAK 41 LAO MYA THA VIE 50 aus 51 ctm nzl 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 85 cle

Synonyms: hidden

= Adonis palustris Raeusch.; Nomencl. Bot. (Raeusch.) ed. 3, 162 (1797)

= Batrachium sceleratum (L.) Th.Fr. ex Pohl; Bot. Notis. (1893) 5

= Batrachium sceleratum var. minimum Kindb.; 227 (1861)

= Hecatonia palustris Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 1: 303 (1790)

= Hecatonia scelerata (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 325 (1868)

= Ranunculus apiifolius St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 133 (1880)

= Ranunculus apiophyllus St.-Lag.; Cariot, Etud. des fl. ed. 8, 12 (1889)

= Ranunculus carnosus Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 4699 (1831), nomen

= Ranunculus digitatus Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 266 (1782), opus utique oppr.

= Ranunculus eremogenes var. degener Greene; Pittonia 4: 144 (1900)

= Ranunculus eremogenes var. longissimus Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 1: 206 (1910)

= Ranunculus eremogenes var. pilosulus Greene; Pl. Baker. 3: 2 (1901)

= Ranunculus holophyllus Hance; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., ser. 4, 5: 220 (1861)

= Ranunculus indicus Roxb.; (ex [Numer. List [Wallich] 167, no. 4699 (1831), nomen) Fl. Ind. ed. 2, 2: 671 (1832)

= Ranunculus oryzetorum Bunge; Enum. Pl. China Bor. 2 (1833)

= Ranunculus palustris Garsault; Fig. Pl. Anim. Med. t. 485 (1764)

= Ranunculus sceleratus f. diminutus Zapal.; 244 (1909)

= Ranunculus sceleratus f. lobatus Zapal.; 244 (1909)

= Ranunculus sceleratus f. natans Glück; 511 (1911)

= Ranunculus sceleratus f. pilosus J.A.Christ.; Flora von Kiel [J. A. Christiansen et al.] 115 (1922)

= Ranunculus sceleratus f. sectus Zapal.; 244 (1909)

= Ranunculus sceleratus f. subternatus Zapal.; 243 (1909)

= Ranunculus sceleratus f. terrestris Glück; 330 (1923)

= Ranunculus sceleratus var. anfrayi Corb.; Soc. Étude Fl. Franç., 9 (1893)

= Ranunculus sceleratus var. eremogenes Garrett; Spring Fl. Wasatch: 25 (1911)

= Ranunculus sceleratus var. globosus Freyn ex Batt.; Fl. Algèrie [Batt. & Trabut] Dicot.: 8 (1888)

= Ranunculus sceleratus var. longissimus (Lunell) L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 313 (1942)

= Ranunculus sceleratus var. minimus Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: 307 (1823)

= Ranunculus sceleratus var. minor Zapal.; 244 (1909)

= Ranunculus sceleratus var. pygmaeus Asch. & Graebn.; 339 (1898)

= Ranunculus sceleratus var. sinensis H.Lév. & Vaniot; Bull. Herb. Boissier, ser. 2, 6(6): 505 (1906)

= Ranunculus sceleratus var. umbellatus (Roxb. ex Willd.) DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 269 (1817)

= Ranunculus sceleratus var. vulgaris Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: 307 (1823)

= Ranunculus tachiroi f. glabrescens (Sakata) W.Lee; Lin. Fl. Koreae: 341 (1996)

= Ranunculus umbellatus Roxb. ex Willd.; Enum. Pl. [Willdenow] 588 (1809)

variant :

var. multifidus Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1: 19 (1838)

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Northern Territories, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Iowa, Idaho, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington State, Wisconsin, Wyoming)

70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus eremogenes Greene; Erythea 4: 121 (1896)

= Ranunculus eremogenes var. pubescens Lunell; Bull. Leeds Herb. 2: 6 (1908)

= Ranunculus sceleratus subsp. multifidus (Nutt.) Hultén; Acta Univ. Lund., 2 40(1): 768 (1944)

species :

Ranunculus schilleri Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 222, in clavi, 225 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 395 (1965)

Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary; C-European Russia; Ukraine

11 HUN SLO 14 RUS UKR

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus schischkinii Revuschkin; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. Kuybysheva 89: 16 (1992)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai)

30 SIB

species :

Ranunculus schmakovii Erst; Turczaninovia 10(2): 5 (-6; fig. 1) (2007)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai)

30 SIB

species :

Ranunculus schmalhausenii Luferov; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada 172: 57 (1997)

Distribution: Norway; Sweden; Finland; Estonia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN NOR SWE 14 EST RUS

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. A northern sibling species to R. peltatus.

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium dichotomum (Schmalh.) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 9: 363 (1884)

= Batrachium nevense Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 31: 75 (1998)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. dichotomus Schmalh.; Trudy S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoispyt. 5: 47 (1874)

= Ranunculus dichotomus (Schmalh.) N.I.Orlova; Fl. Murmansk. Obl. 3: 289 (1956), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus nevensis (Tzvelev) Luferov; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 107(2): 34 (2002)

= Ranunculus peltatus var. septentrionalis H.Lindb.; Hjelt, Acta Soc. Pro Fauna et Flora Fenn. 30: 228 (1906)

species :

Ranunculus schoddei H.Eichler ex P.Royen; Alp. Fl. New Guinea 3: 1332 (1982)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus schurianus Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 225, in clavi, 233 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 403 (1965)

Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary

11 HUN SLO

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus schwarzii Jasiewicz; Fragm. Florist. & Geobot., Krakow 2: 1. 92 (1956)

Distribution: Poland; Moldova; Ukraine

11 POL 14 MLD UKR

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. schwarzii (Jasiewicz) Jasiewicz; Fl. Polski Rosl. Naczyniowe, ed. 2, 4: 75 (1985)

species :

Ranunculus schweinfurthii Boiss.; Fl. Or. Suppl. 12 (1888)

Distribution: Lebanon (C-Lebanon)

34 LEB

species :

Ranunculus scotinus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; Estonia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 EST RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. scotinus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus scrithalis Garn.-Jones; New Zealand J. Bot. 25(1): 126 (1987)

Distribution: New Zealand (South Isl.)

51 NZL

species :

Ranunculus scythicus Klokov ex Grossh.; Bot. Zhurn. SSSR.33: 307, in clavi, 311 (1948), sine descr. lat.

Distribution: European Russia; Northern Caucasus

14 RUS 33 NCS

species :

Ranunculus seguieri Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphine: 50 (1779)

subspecies :

subsp. seguieri

Name: Séguier-Hahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: +Germany (+Bayern); Spain; France; Italy; Slovenia

11 GER 12 FRA SPA 13 ITA SLV

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus columnae All.; Fl. Pedem. 2: 50 (1785)

subspecies :

subsp. montenegrinus (Halácsy) Tutin; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 69: 55 (1964)

Distribution: Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia

13 KOS MNT NMA SRB

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus montenegrinus (Halácsy) Lindtner; Glasn. Skopsk. Nauen. Drugtva 8: 128 (1937) (n. v.)

= Ranunculus seguieri var. montenegrinus Halácsy; Malpighia 5: 63 (1891)

= Ranunculus montenegrinus (Halácsy ex Bald.) Lindtner; Bull. Soc. Sci. Skoplje 18: Sect. Sci. Nat., Fasc. 6, 128 (1938)

subspecies :

subsp. cantabricus Rivas Mart., Izco & M.Costa; Trab. Dep. Bot. Fisiol. Veg. Univ. Madrid 3: 84 (1971)

Distribution: NW-Spain

12 SPA

species :

Ranunculus semicassubicus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. semicassubicus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus semiorbicularis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. semiorbicularis Julin

species :

Ranunculus sennenianus Dunkel; Stapfia 112: 45 (2021)

Distribution: Spain (Huesca)

12 SPA

Remarks: auricomus agg., carlittensis group

species :

Ranunculus septempartitus Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 89(1): 21 (1995), nom. nov.

Distribution: New Zealand

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus altus Garn.-Jones; New Zealand J. Bot. 25(1): 125 (1987)

species :

Ranunculus sepulcralis A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 672 (2018)

Name: Churchyard Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Suffolk)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus serbicus Vis.; Cat. Sem. Hort. Patav. Suppl. (1858), et in Mem. Ist. Venet. 9: 168 (1860)

Distribution: S-Italy; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; Greece (mountains of N- & C-Greece)

13 ALB BUL GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA SRB

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus calabrus (Ten.) Grande; Bull. Orto Bot. Regia Univ. Napoli 3: 96 (1913)

= Ranunculus friesii Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France Corse 1: 34 (1847)

= Ranunculus kladnii Schur; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 15(2): 42 (1877)

= Ranunculus orphanidis Boiss. & Heldr.; Boiss., Fl. Orient. Suppl.: 13 (1888)

species :

Ranunculus sericeus Banks & Sol.; Russ., Nat. Hist. Aleppo ed. 2, 2: 254 (1794)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (Jazira, NW-Syria); China (Xinjiang)

32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 IRN IRQ LEB SYR TUR 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus baldschuanicus Regel ex Kom.; Trav. Soc. Nat. Petersb. Sect. Bot. 26: 67 (1896), in clavi, Popov in Bull. Univ. As. Centr. 11: Suppl., 7 (1925), descr. emend.

= Ranunculus cassius Boiss.; Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 2, 16: 354 (1841)

variant :

var. chrysanthus Mobayen & Maleki; Iranian J. Bot. 2(2): 124 (1984)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Ranunculus sericocephalus Hook.f.; Bot. Antarct. Voy. I. (Fl. Antarct.). 2: 225 (1845)

Distribution: Argentina (Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Magallanes); Falkland Isl.

85 ARG CLE 91 FAL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fueginos Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 88: 71 (1894)

= Ranunculus fueginos Phil. ex Reiche; Fl. Chile 1: 17 (1894)

= Ranunculus phillipianus De Wild.; Exped. Antarct. Belg. Bot.: 91 (1905)

= Ranunculus sericocephalus var. major Albov; Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Paleontol. 7: 360 (1896)

species :

Ranunculus sericophyllus Hook.f.; Handb. N. Zeal. Fl. 6 (1864)

Distribution: New Zealand (Lewis Pass to N-Fiordland)

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus sericophyllus var. simpsonii (Cockayne & Allan) Simpson; (1942)

= Ranunculus simpsonii Cockayne & Allan; Trans. & Proc. N. Z. Inst. 57: 58 (1927)

species :

Ranunculus serratifrons (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Estonia; C-European Russia; NW-European Russia

14 EST RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. serratifrons Markl.

species :

Ranunculus serratus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. serratus Julin

species :

Ranunculus sessiliflorus R.Br. ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 302 (1817)

Distribution: Australia (S-Western Australia, South Australia, SE-Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania); Lord Howe Isl. [I]; Norfolk Isl. [I]; New Zealand [I]

50 AUS lhi nfk 51 nzl

variant :

var. pilulifer (Hook.) Melville; Kew Bulletin 11: 278 (1957)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, SE-South Australia, SE-Queensland, New South Wales, NW-Victoria)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus pilulifer Hook.; Icon. Pl. 6: t. 600 (1843)

= Ranunculus pumilio var. pilulifer (Hook.) Hook.f.; Fl. Tasm. 1: 10 (1855)

species :

Ranunculus setaceus Rodway; Papers & Proc. Roy. Soc. Tasman. 1900-01. 107 (1902)

Distribution: Australia (mountains in Tasmania)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus sewerzowii Regel; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 5: 221 (1877)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan

32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus walteri Regel ex Kom.

species :

Ranunculus shanyangensis M.R.Luo & L.Zhao; Bangladesh J. Pl. Taxon. 20(2): 202 (2013)

Distribution: China (Shaanxi)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus shimianensis W.T.Wang; Guihaia 42(1): 1 (2022)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus shinano-alpinus Ohwi; Journ. Jap. Bot. 13: 338 (1937)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu)

38 JAP

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus altaicus subsp. shinano-alpinus (Ohwi) Kadota; Bull. Nation. Sci. Mus., B (Tokyo) 16(2): 80 (1990)

species :

Ranunculus siamensis M.Tamura; J. Phytogeogr. Taxon. 28(1): 15 (1980)

Distribution: Myanmar; N-Thailand

41 MYA THA

species :

Ranunculus sibboensis (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. sibboensis Markl.

species :

Ranunculus sidereus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. sidereus Julin

species :

Ranunculus sieboldii Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 5 (1867)

Distribution: China (S-Anhui, Fujian, S-Gansu, W- & N Guangxi, Guizhou, S-Henan, Hubei, Hunan, S-Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S-Shaanxi, N-Shandong, Sichuan, NE-Yunnan, Zhejiang); Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan

36 CHI 38 JAP NNS TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus arcuans S.S.Chien; Rhodora 18: 190 (1916)

= Ranunculus cantoniensis subsp. sieboldii (Miq.) Elenevsky & Derv.-Sok.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 20: 111 (1983)

= Ranunculus cantoniensis var. sieboldii (Miq.) Kitam. ex Hatus.

= Ranunculus pensylvanicus var. sieboldii (Miq.) Ito; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 12: 276 (1899)

= Ranunculus sardous var. monanthos Finet & Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 302 (1904)

= Ranunculus sieboldii var. arcuans (S.S.Chien) H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 18: 458 (1942)

= Ranunculus sieboldii var. glabriusculus J.Q.Fu; Fl. Loess-Plat. Sin. 1: 611 (2000)

species :

Ranunculus sierrae-orientalis (L.D.Benson) G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 75(5): 394 (1993 publ. 1994)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Coahuila, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus petiolaris var. sierrae-orientalis L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 89 (1948)

species :

Ranunculus sikkimensis Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Hort. Gotoburg. 13: 155 (1939)

Distribution: N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim)

40 IND

species :

Ranunculus silanus Pignatti; Giorn. Bot. Ital. 110: 211 (1976)

Distribution: S-Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus silerifolius H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7(146-148): 257 (1909)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kuril Isl.); China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Yunnan); South Korea (incl. Cheju Isl.); Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Bhutan

31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NNS TAI 40 BHU

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus hakkodensis var. quelpaertensis (H.Lév.) Ohwi & Okuyama; J. Jap. Bot. 29: 168 (1954)

= Ranunculus quelpaertensis (H.Lév.) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 27: 128 (1913)

= Ranunculus quelpaertensis f. pleniflorus Ohtani & Shig.Suzuki; Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. 7: 42 (figs. 3-4) (1962)

= Ranunculus quelpaertensis var. albiflorus Y.N.Lee; Korean J. Bot. 25(4): 177 (1982)

= Ranunculus repens var. quelpaertensis H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 101 (1909)

= Ranunculus silerifolius f. pleniflorus (Ohtani & Shig.Suzuki) Konta & Katsuy.; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, B. 31(1): 28 (2005)

= Ranunculus silerifolius var. quelpaertensis (H.Lév.) Sig.Tanaka ex T.Shimizu; Fl. Nagano 1505 (1997)

= Ranunculus taquetii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 449 (1911)

= Ranunculus ternatus var. quelpaertensis (H.Lév.) Ohwi; Fl. Jap. (Ohwi) 536 (1953)

= Ranunculus vernyi Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 1: 8 (1874)

= Ranunculus vernyi var. quelpaertensis (H.Lév.) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 42: 21 (1928)

variant :

var. dolichanthus L.Liao; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(1): 59, f. 2 (1997)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus dolichanthus (L.Liao) Luferov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 45: 147 (2014)

variant :

var. glaber (H.Boissieu) M.Tamura; Acta Phytotax. Geobot., 39(1-3): 93 (1988)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kuril Isl.); Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.

31 RFE 38 JAP NNS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus glaber (H.Boissieu) Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 7: 31 (1931)

= Ranunculus glaber f. prostratus (Nakai) Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 7(10): 32 (1931)

= Ranunculus hakkodensis var. glaber (Boiss.) Ohwi & Okuyama

= Ranunculus quelpaertensis var. glaber (Boiss.) H.Hara

= Ranunculus silerifolius f. prostratus (Nakai) Kadota; Fl. Jap. (Iwatsuki et al., eds.) 2a: 322 (2006)

= Ranunculus silerifolius var. prostratus (Nakai) Sig.Tanaka ex T.Shimizu; Fl. Nagano Pref.: 1505 (1997)

= Ranunculus ternatus var. glaber Boiss.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 7: 594 (1899)

= Ranunculus vernyi var. glaber Nakai

= Ranunculus vernyi var. prostratus Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 42: 21 (1928)

variant :

var. yaegatakensis (Masam.) Fujish. & H.Okada; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 103(1069): 55 (1990)

Distribution: Japan (Yakushima Isl.)

38 JAP NNS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus quelpartensis var. yaegatakensis (Masam.) Ohwi & Okuyama

= Ranunculus yaegatakensis Masam.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 43: 251 (1929)

species :

Ranunculus silvestris (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. silvestris Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 128 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus silvicola (Wimm. & Grab.) A.Nyár.; Sávul., Fl. Rep. Pop. Romane 2: 59 (1953), pro hybr.

Distribution: Bulgaria

13 BUL

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus var. silvicola Wimm. & Grab.; Fl. Siles. 2(I): 128 (1829)

= Ranunculus fallax f. silvicola Wimm. & Grab.

species :

Ranunculus simensis Fresen.; Mus. Senckenb. 2: 269 (1837)

Distribution: Ethiopia

24 ETH

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus schimperianus Hochst. & A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 4 (1847)

species :

Ranunculus similis Hemsl.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 26(4): pl. 2586 (1899)

Distribution: China (SW-Qinghai, SE-Xinjiang); Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Oxygraphis involucrata (Maxim.) Riedl; Kew Bull. 34(2): 365 (1979)

= Ranunculus involucratus Maxim.; Fl. Tangut. 15, pl. 22, f. 7-13 (1889) (not Lapeyrouse (1813))

= Ranunculus maximowiczii Pamp.; Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital. 66 (1915)

species :

Ranunculus simplicior (Fagerstr. & G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. simplicior Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 19(1): 60 (1982)

species :

Ranunculus simulans Garn.-Jones; New Zealand J. Bot. 25(1): 126 (1987), nom. nov.

Distribution: New Zealand (North Isl.)

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus depressus var. stewartiae G.Simpson & J.S.Thomson; Trans. Roy. Soc. New Zealand 73: 155 (1943)

species :

Ranunculus singularis (Fagerstr. & G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. singularis Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 19(1): 61 (1982)

species :

Ranunculus sinovaginatus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 6(1): 34-35 (1986)

Distribution: China (S-Gansu, S-Shaanxi, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus laohegouensis W.T.Wang & S.R.Chen; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 35(6): 801 (2015)

= Ranunculus vaginatus Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7(2): 303-304, pl. 6, f. 10, 11 (1931)

species :

Ranunculus sintenisii Freyn; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 41: 362 (1891)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Ranunculus sippolaensis (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. sippolaensis Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus sjoersii (Julin & Nannf.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. sjoersii Julin & Nannf.; Acta Phytogeogr. Suec. 68: 97 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus slovacus Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 224, in clavi, 230 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 401 (1965)

Distribution: Slovakia; Ukraine

11 SLO 14 UKR

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus smirnovii Ovcz.; Fl. URSS. 7: 745 (1937)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, Yakutia); China (NE-Nei Mongol)

30 SIB 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus japonicus var. smirnovii (Ovcz.) L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 28: 314 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus snaeckstavikensis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. snaeckstavikensis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 128 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus sobakus Stepanov; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 120: 13-15 (2020)

Distribution: Siberia (Krasnoyarsk)

30 SIB

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Ranunculus sojakii Iranshahr & Rech.f.; Rech.f., Fl. Iranica 171: 184, t. 177 (1992)

Distribution: Iran (N-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Ranunculus solhanensis Behcet & Sinan; Phytotaxa 497(2): 158 (2021)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Ranunculus sonckii (Markl. ex G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. sonckii Markl. ex G.Kvist; Mem. Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 61(4): 113 (1985)

species :

Ranunculus songaricus Schrenk; Enum. Pl. Nov. 2: 67 (1842)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Wakhan, Wardak); China (Xinjiang)

32 KAZ TZK UZB 34 AFG 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus trautvetterianus C.Regel ex Ovcz.; Fl. URSS 7: 403, pl. 25: 3 (1937)

= Ranunculus songaricus var. partitus Rupr.; Sert. Tianschan. 37 (1869)

species :

Ranunculus sooi Borsos; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 225, in clavi, 233 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 404 (1965)

Distribution: Romania; European Russia

13 ROM 14 RUS

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Ranunculus sorbicus Dunkel; Kochia 15: 148 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus sorviodurus Dunkel; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 85: 36 (2015)

Name: Straubinger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus sosnowskyi Kem.-Nath.; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Tphilis., Fasc. 10, 25 (1941)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

species :

Ranunculus sotkamoensis Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. vicinalis Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 115 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus spado (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. spado Julin

species :

Ranunculus spaniophyllus Lourteig; Mem. Soc. Cienc. Nat. La Salle 16: (Ranunc. Südamer. Trop.) 139 (1956)

Distribution: Colombia (Magdalena); Venezuela (Merida)

82 CLM VEN

species :

Ranunculus sparsipubescens (Demarsin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Belgium

11 BGM

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. sparsipubescens Demarsin

species :

Ranunculus spathulilobus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 673 (2018)

Name: Broadham Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Surrey)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus spectabilis (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. spectabilis Markl.

species :

Ranunculus spegazzinii Lourteig; Darwiniana 9: 522 (1951)

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Neuquen, Rio Negro); Chile (Araucanía, Aisén, Magallanes)

85 ARG CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus oligocarpus Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 7: 296 (1902)

species :

Ranunculus sphaerospermus Boiss. & Blanche; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 5: 6 (1856)

Name: Rundsamiger Wasserhahnenfuß (DE); Round-fruited Water-crowfoot (EN)

Distribution: Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (rare N- & C-Greece, Kerkyra); Morocco; Egypt; Botswana; South Africa (North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Samos, Kos, Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, NW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, S-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, Western Desert, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamian Lowlands, Southern Desert); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan, EC-Iran, N-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Zabul); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus); Lebanon (coastal W-Lebanon, Antilebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); Israel (Rift Valley); ?Saudi Arabia; China; Tibet; Pakistan (Waziristan, Peshawar, Pakistani Punjab); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)

13 BUL GRC TUE 20 EGY MOR 27 BOT LES SAF 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR 36 CHI TIB 40 IND PAK

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. Mostly south of the range of R. circinatus but overlapping with R. subrigidus. Some distribution data might wrongly be listed under R. subrigidus. R. pachycaulon is most likely a separate species based on genetic results (Jopek et al. 2023).

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus pachycaulon (Nevski) Luferov; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada (Moscow), 175: 56 (1997)

= Batrachium pachycaulon Nevski; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 346 rossice, et in Acta Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS,Ser. I. Fasc. 4, 297 (1937), latine.

= Batrachium sphaerospermum (Boiss. & C.I.Blanche) Iranshahr; Fl. Iran., 171: 195 (1992)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. microcarpus Meikle; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 15 (1959)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. sphaerospermus (Boiss. & Blume) Boiss.; Fl. 1: 23 (1867)

= Ranunculus peltatus subsp. sphaerospermus (Boiss. & Blanche) Meikle; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 16 (1959)

species :

Ranunculus sphinx Brodtb.; Bauhinia, 12(1-2): 59 (1998)

Distribution: E-France (S-Alsace)

12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Conservation Status: extremely local and possibly threatened

species :

Ranunculus spicatus Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 1: 438 (1798)

subspecies :

subsp. spicatus

Distribution: ?Morocco; Algeria

20 ALG

subspecies :

subsp. blepharicarpos (Boiss.) Grau; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 20: 53 (1984)

Distribution: S-Spain; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia

12 SPA 20 ALG MOR TUN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus blepharicarpos Boiss.; Elench. Pl. Nov.: 5 (1838)

= Ranunculus ericetorum Pourr. ex Freyn; Willk. & Lange, Prod. Fl. Hisp. 3: 922 (1880)

= Ranunculus escorialensis Boiss. & Reut. ex Freyn; Willk. & Lange, Prod. Fl. Hisp. 3: 922 (1880)

= Ranunculus spicatus var. blepharicarpos (Boiss.) Ball; Spicil. Fl. Marocc. [Ball]: 305 (1877)

= Ranunculus spicatus var. transiens Emb. & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N.23: 163 (1932)

= Ranunculus vitifolius Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. 1(1): 43 (1888)

= Ranunculus warionii Freyn; Flora 63: 25 (1880)

subspecies :

subsp. fontqueri Romo; Bot. J. Linn. Soc., 108(3): 209 (1992)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus spicatus var. cortusoides Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 19: 29 (1928)

subspecies :

subsp. maroccanus (Coss.) Greuter & Burdet; Willdenowia 19: 46 (1989)

Distribution: Morocco; Algeria

20 ALG MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cortusifolius var. maroccanus Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 24 (1887)

= Ranunculus spicatus var. maroccanus (Coss.) Romo; Bot. J. Linn. Soc., 108(3): 210 (1992)

subspecies :

subsp. rupestris (Guss.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 19: 29 (1928)

Distribution: Italy; Sicily

13 ITA SIC

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus rupestris Guss.; Index Sem. Hort. Boccadifalce 1826: 8 (1826)

species :

Ranunculus spissidens (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; C-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. spissidens Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(1): 36 (1974)

species :

Ranunculus spissus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. spissus Julin

species :

Ranunculus sprunerianus Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 1: 64 (1843)

Name: Spruners Hahnenfuß (DE); Spruner´s Buttercup (EN)

Distribution: North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread, incl. most islands); Crete; Libya; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Kalimnos, Kos, Karpathos, Rhodos); Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria)

13 ALB BUL GRC KRI NMA TUE 20 LBY 34 EAI SYR TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus divergens Jord.; Obs. Pl. Crit. 6: 14 (1847)

= Ranunculus kindlianus Formánek; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 38: 217 (1899)

= Ranunculus oxyrhynchus Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 1(2/3): 312 (1843)

species :

Ranunculus spryginii Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 80(7): 80 (1995)

Distribution: C-European Russia

14 RUS

species :

Ranunculus stabilis (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. stabilis Markl.

species :

Ranunculus stagnalis Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 5 (1847)

Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania

23 ZAI 24 ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus simensis var. stagnalis (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Oliv.

= Ranunculus vulcanicola Staner; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 15: 314 (1939)

species :

Ranunculus staubii Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 224, in clavi, 230 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 400 (1965)

Distribution: Austria; Hungary

11 AUT HUN

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Ranunculus stellaris Brodtb.; Bauhinia 9(1): 92 (1988)

Name: Stern-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg); NW-Switzerland

11 GER SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus stellaris var. supernova Brodtb.; Bauhinia 12: 36 (1998)

species :

Ranunculus stenocolpus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. stenocolpus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 93 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus stenodes (Cedercr.) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 82 (1992) 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. stenodes Cedercr.

species :

Ranunculus stenodon (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. stenodon Markl.

species :

Ranunculus stenorhynchus Franch.; Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., ser. 2, 8: 189 (1885)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus stenoschistus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland

10 FIN SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. stenoschistus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus stewartii Riedl; Kew Bull. 34(2): 364 (1979)

Distribution: NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus rubrocalyx subsp. stewartii (Riedl) Qureshi & Chaudhri; Pakistan Syst., 4(1-2): 167 (1988)

species :

Ranunculus stipitatilobus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 677 (2018)

Name: Sherborne Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Dorset)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus stipitatus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 675 (2018)

Name: Stalked Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Cambridgeshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus stojanovii Delip.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 81: 715 (1971)

Distribution: Bulgaria

13 BUL

species :

Ranunculus straussii Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centrabl. 27 2: 290 (1910)

Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Ranunculus stricticaulis W.Koch; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 49: 550 (1939)

Name: Steilstängeliger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Sachsen, ?Bayern); Switzerland

11 GER SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus strigillosus Boiss. & A.Huet; Boiss., Diagn. ser. 2, 5: 7 (1856)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

33 ARM AZE GEO 34 IRN TUR

species :

Ranunculus strongylus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. strongylus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 95 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus stylosus H.D.Wilson & Garn.-Jones; New Zealand J. Bot. 21(3): 341 (1983)

Distribution: New Zealand

51 NZL

species :

Ranunculus styriacus Hörandl & Gutermann; Phyton (Horn) 37(2): 309 (1998)

Distribution: Austria (Steiermark)

11 AUT

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus subbrevis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. subbrevis Julin

species :

Ranunculus subcarpaticus Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 224, in clavi, 232 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 403 (1965)

Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary

11 HUN SLO

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus subconjungens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. subconjungens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus subcorymbosus Kom.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 234 (1914)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Kuril Isl., Magadan); Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)

31 RFE 38 JAP

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus acris subsp. subcorymbosus (Kom.) Toyok.; Mem. Nation. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 5: 197 (1972)

= Ranunculus acris var. subcorymbosus (Kom.) Tatew.

= Ranunculus propinquus subsp. subcorymbosus (Kom.) Elenevsky & Derv.-Sokol.

species :

Ranunculus subcrassus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. subcrassus Julin

species :

Ranunculus subdecumbens (Nannf. & H.Sm.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. subdecumbens Nannf. & H.Sm.

species :

Ranunculus subfirmicaulis (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. naguensis Cedercr.

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. subfirmicaulis Markl.

= Ranunculus naguensis (Cedercr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 146 (1992)

species :

Ranunculus subfuscus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. subfuscus Julin

species :

Ranunculus subglaber (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. subglaber Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 131 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus subglaucescens (Nannf.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. subglaucescens Nannf.

species :

Ranunculus subglechomoides Dunkel; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 66: 7 (2014)

Name: Gundermannblättriger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Rheinland-Pfalz); France (Alsace)

11 GER 12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus subhomophyllus (Halácsy) Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 131 (1935)

Distribution: S-Greece (mountains of Peloponnisos); Crete (mountains); East Aegaean Isl. (Karpathos)

13 GRC KRI 34 EAI

Remarks: cadmicus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus chaerophyllos var. subhomophyllus Halácsy; Suppl. Consp. Fl. Graec. 1: 2 (1908)

= Ranunculus subhomophyllus subsp. cylleneus Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 131 (1935)

= Ranunculus subhomophyllus subsp. grandiflorus Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 131 (1935) (nom. inval.)

= Ranunculus subhomophyllus subsp. parviflorus (Boiss.) Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 131 (1935)

species :

Ranunculus subindivisus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. subindivisus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus subinermis (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. subinermis Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(1): 9 (1974)

species :

Ranunculus sublaetevirens (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. sublaetevirens Julin; Bot. Not. 131(3): 341 (1978)

species :

Ranunculus sublinearis (Markl. ex G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. sublinearis Markl. ex G.Kvist; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(2): 34 (1975)

species :

Ranunculus sublongimammus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. sublongimammus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 132 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus submarginatus Ovcz.; Kom., Fl. URSS 7: 745 (1937)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); China (Xinjiang)

30 SIB 36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus subnemoricola (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. subnemoricola Markl.

species :

Ranunculus subobtusulus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. subobtusulus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 132 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus suborbicularis Dunkel; Forum Geobot. 2: 11 (2006)

Name: Rundblättriger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Thüringen, Baden-Württemberg, ?+Berlin)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus subpannonicus Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 223, in clavi, 228 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 308 (1965)

Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary

11 HUN SLO

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Ranunculus subpinnatus Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 1: 4 (1834)

Distribution: India (Assam, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal)

40 IND

species :

Ranunculus subrigescens Ovcz.; Fl. Tadzhikskoi SSR 4: 533 (1975)

Distribution: Tajikistan

32 TZK

species :

Ranunculus subrigidus W.B.Drew; Rhodora 38: 39 (1936)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Magadan, Primorye); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, Wyoming); Mexico (Chihuahua)

30 SIB 31 RFE 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. Often included in R. longirostris but kept separate by Wiegleb & Bobrov. The distribution data might be mixed up. There is most likely another cryptic species involved (Jopek et al. 2023).

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium circinatum subsp. subrigidum (Drew) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128(4): 512 (1975) (1976)

= Batrachium subrigidum (W.B.Drew) Ritchie; Canad. J. Bot. 34: 300 (1956)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. subrigidus (W.B.Drew) Breitung; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 58: 32 (1957)

= Ranunculus circinatus var. subrigidus (W.B.Drew) L.D.Benson; Contr. Fl. Idaho Leafl. 22: 20 (1948)

species :

Ranunculus subrobustus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. subrobustus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 133 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus subscaposus Hook.f.; Fl. Antarct. 5 (1844)

Distribution: Auckland Isl.; Campbell Isl.

51 AUC 91 CMP

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus aucklandicus A.Gray; Bot. U. St. Expl. Exped. 1: 8 (1854)

= Ranunculus hectorii Kirk; Stud. Fl. New Zealand: 16 (1899)

= Ranunculus subantarcticus F.J.F.Fisher & Hair; N. Zeal. J. Bot. 1: 332 (1963)

= Ranunculus subantarcticus subsp. campbellensis F.J.F.Fisher & Hair; (1963)

species :

Ranunculus subtatricus Jasiewicz; Fragm. Florist. & Geobot., Krakow 2: 1. 75 (1956)

Distribution: Poland; Bulgaria; Belarus; Ukraine

11 POL 13 BUL 14 BLR UKR

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. subtatricus (Jasiewicz) Jasiewicz; Fl. Polski Rosl. Naczyniowe, ed. 2, 4: 72 (1985)

species :

Ranunculus subtectus (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. subtectus Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus subtenuis (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. subtenuis Markl.

species :

Ranunculus subtilis Trautv.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 3, 10: 293 (1866)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO NCS

species :

Ranunculus subtruncatus W.Koch ex Brodtb.; Bauhinia 11(1): 71 (1993)

Distribution: Switzerland

11 SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus subvastisectus Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 89(1): 21 (1995), nom. nov.

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. simulans Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 88 (1976)

= Ranunculus simulans (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 152 (1992), nom. nov., non Garn.-Jones 1987

species :

Ranunculus sudermannicus Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. prostratus Julin

species :

Ranunculus suevicus Borch.-Kolb; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21(1): 261 (1985)

Name: Schwäbischer Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus suksdorfii A.Gray; Proc. Am. Acad. 21: 371 (1886)

Name: Suksdorf´s buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington State, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus eschscholtzii var. suksdorfii (A.Gray) L.D.Benson; Amer. J. Bot. 23: 170 (1936)

= Ranunculus eschscholtzii subsp. suksdorfii (A.Gray) Brayshaw; Buttercups, Waterlilies & Relatives in Brit. Columbia (Royal Brit. Columb. Mus. Mem., 1): 5, 124 (1989)

species :

Ranunculus sulphureus Sol. ex J.B.Phipps; Voy. 202 (1774)

subspecies :

subsp. sulphureus

Name: Sulphur buttercup

Distribution: Svalbard; Norway; Sweden; Finland; N-European Russia; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Kuril Isl.); Mongolia; Alaska; Greenland; Canada (British Columbia, Labrador, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Québec, Yukon)

10 FIN NOR SVA SWE 14 RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 37 MON 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus altaicus subsp. sulphureus (Sol.) Kadota; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo, B 16: 82 (1990)

= Ranunculus nivalis subsp. intercedens (Hultén) Vorosch.; A. K. Skvortsov (ed.), Florist. issl. v razn. raionakh SSSR: 170 (1985)

= Ranunculus nivalis subsp. sulphureus (Sol.) Vorosch.; A. K. Skvortsov (ed.), Florist. Issl. Razn. Raionakh SSSR: 170 (1985)

= Ranunculus nivalis var. intercedens (Hultén) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 94: 633 (1967)

= Ranunculus nivalis var. sulphureus (Sol. ex J.B.Phipps) Wahlenb.

= Ranunculus sulphureus var. intercedens Hultén; Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., ser. 3, 5(2): 130 (1928)

subspecies :

subsp. exaltatus Erst; Turczaninovia 10(2): 8 (2007)

Distribution: Siberia (Tuva)

30 SIB

species :

Ranunculus sundaicus (Backer) H.Eichler; Biblioth. Bot. 31: Heft 124, 94 (1958)

Distribution: Vietnam; Java

41 VIE 42 JAW

species :

Ranunculus sundinii (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. sundinii Julin; Bot. Not. 131(3): 342 (1978)

species :

Ranunculus supernumerarius (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. supernumerarius Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 134 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus supracondemiensis Grau, E.Bayer & G.López; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 28: 569 (1989)

Distribution: Spain

12 SPA

species :

Ranunculus supramedialis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. supramedialis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 134 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus suprasilvaticus Dunkel; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 66: 17 (2014)

Distribution: France (Alsace)

12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus surrejanus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 673 (2018)

Name: Surrey Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Surrey)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus suukensis N.Busch; Trav. Mus. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS 19: 80 (1926)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus grossheimii Kolak.; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Tphilis., Fasc. 17, 88 (1953)

species :

Ranunculus svirensis (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: C-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. svirensis Markl.

species :

Ranunculus sychnodon (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus monophyllus subsp. sychnodon Markl.

species :

Ranunculus sychnoschistus (Cedercr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. sychnoschistus Cedercr.

species :

Ranunculus sylviae Gamisans; Candollea 47(2): 302 (1992)

Distribution: Corsica

12 COR

species :

Ranunculus symmetricidens A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 675 (2018)

Name: Slinfold Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Sussex)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus symmetrus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. symmetrus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus szaferi Jasiewicz; Fragm. Florist. & Geobot., Krakow 2: 1. 87 (1956)

Distribution: Poland; Moldova; Ukraine

11 POL 14 MLD UKR

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. szaferi (Jasiewicz) Jasiewicz; Fl. Polski Rosl. Naczyniowe, ed. 2, 4: 74 (1985)

species :

Ranunculus tabescens (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. tabescens Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus tachiroi Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 267 (1879), as ´tachiroei´

Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye); China (E-Jilin, SE-Liaoning); North Korea; South Korea (incl. Cheju Isl.); Japan (Honshu)

31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cantoniensis subsp. tachiroi (Franch. & Sav.) Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 20: 204 (1962)

species :

Ranunculus taigaensis Timokhina; Fl. Sibir. (Portulacac.-Ranunculac.) 6: 208 (1993)

Distribution: Siberia (Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, Yakutia)

30 SIB

species :

Ranunculus taisanensis Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 20-21 (1911)

Distribution: Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan

38 NNS TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus biternatus Yamam.; Suppl. Ic. Pl. Formos. 3: 29 (1927)(non Sm.)

= Ranunculus geraniifolius Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 3: 7 (1913)(non Pourret)

= Ranunculus taisanensis var. tripartitus Ohwi

species :

Ranunculus taiwanensis Y.C.Liu & F.Y.Lu; Quart. Journ. Chin. For. 1, 1 (3) : 108 (1978)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: Status uncertain

Conservation Status: known only from type

species :

Ranunculus talassicus Schegol. & A.L.Ebel; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 119: 15 (2019)

Distribution: Kazakhstan

32 KAZ

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Ranunculus tembensis Fresen.; Mus. Senckenb. 2: 271 (1837)

Distribution: Ethiopia

24 ETH

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus stenocarpus Steud. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 6 (1847)

= Ranunculus dertropodius Steud. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 5 (1847)

species :

Ranunculus tenebricans (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. tenebricans Markl.

species :

Ranunculus tenebricaster (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 153 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. tenebricaster Julin

species :

Ranunculus tenebrosus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. tenebrosus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus tenerescens (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. tenerescens Markl.

species :

Ranunculus teneriusculus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. teneriusculus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 97 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus tengchongensis W.T.Wang; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 30(5): 523 (2008)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus tenuifurcatus W.T.Wang; Guihaia 42(1): 2 (2022)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus tenuilobus Regel ex Kom.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 3, Otd. Bot. 26: 59 (1896)

Distribution: Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan

32 KGZ TZK UZB

species :

Ranunculus tenuirostrus J.Q.Fu; Fl. Loess-Plat. Sin. 1: 611 (2000), non Pomel 1874

Distribution: China (Shaanxi, Gansu)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus tenuisectus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. tenuisectus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 136 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus tenuistylus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. tenuistylus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 99 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus termei Iranshahr & Rech.f.; Rech.f., Fl. Iranica 171: 167, t. 153 (1992)

Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Ranunculus ternatifolius Kirk; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 10(App.): 29 (1878), nom. nov.

Distribution: New Zealand (North Isl.)

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus trilobatus Kirk; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 9: 547 (1877) (non Kit. ex Schltdl.)

species :

Ranunculus ternatus Thunb.; Linnaeus, Syst. Veg., ed. 14: 516 (1784)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang); South Korea (Cheju Isl.); Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan

36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NNS TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus extorris f. izumikawae Takara; J. Phytogeogr. Taxon. 52: 89 (2004)

= Ranunculus extorris Hance; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., ser. 5, 5: 204 (1866))

= Ranunculus formosanus Masam.; Journ. Soc. Trop. Agric., Taiwan 2: 48 (1930)

= Ranunculus leiocladus Hayata; Ic. Pl. Formos. 3: 7 (1913)

= Ranunculus ternatus f. izumikawae (Takara) Yonek.; J. Jap. Bot. 86: 232 (2011)

= Ranunculus ternatus f. obcordatus Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 3(6): 24 (1926)

= Ranunculus ternatus f. pallidus Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 3(6): 23 (1926)

= Ranunculus ternatus var. duplex Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 3(6): 24 (1926)

= Ranunculus ternatus var. hiroseanus Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 3(6): 24 (1926)

= Ranunculus zuccarinii Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 5 (1867)

variant :

var. dissectissimus (Migo) Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Horti Gothob. 13(4): 167 (1939)

Distribution: China (SE-Jiangsu)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus dissectissimus (Migo) Luferov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 45: 147 (2014)

= Ranunculus zuccarinii var. dissectissimus Migo; J. Shanghai Sci. Inst., sect. 3 3: 4 (1934)

species :

Ranunculus tersiflorus (Valta) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. tersiflorus Valta

species :

Ranunculus tetrandrus W.T.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 32(5): 477-478, f. 4, 4-8 (1994)

Distribution: SE-Tibet (Mainling Xian)

36 TIB

species :

Ranunculus thasius Halácsy; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 42: 412 (1892)

Distribution: Greece (Mt. Athos, Thasos, Samothraki, Sporades, Evvoia, Andros, Tinos, Naxos); East Aegaean Isl. (Ikaria, Samos)

13 GRC 34 EAI

Remarks: cadmicus agg.

species :

Ranunculus thora L.; Sp. Pl. 550 (1753)

Name: Gift-Hahnenfuß

Distribution: Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; Spain; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; European Russia

11 AUT LIE POL SLO SWI 12 FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH CRO ITA KOS MNT ROM SLV SRB 14 RUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus dubius Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France 1: 78 (1893)

= Ranunculus insubricus Ces.; Bibliot. Ital. (Milan) 91: 346 (1838)

= Ranunculus pardalianches Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. (Steud.) 680 (1821)

= Ranunculus renifolius St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 133 (1880)

= Ranunculus schottii Dalla Torre; A. Hartinger & K. W. von Dalla Torre, Atlas Alpenfl.: 54 (1882)

= Ranunculus scutatus Schott ex Dalla Torre; A. Hartinger & K. W. von Dalla Torre, Atlas Alpenfl.: 54 (1882)

= Ranunculus scutatus Waldst. & Kit.; Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung. 205 (1804)

= Ranunculus squamosus Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrenées 218 (1867)

= Ranunculus tatrae Borbás

= Thora venefica Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 325 (1868)

species :

Ranunculus thracicus Azn.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 46: 136 (1899)

Distribution: European Turkey; Greece (mountains of NC-Greece); Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)

13 GRC TUE 34 TUR

species :

Ranunculus thurgoviae Dunkel; Forum Geobotanicum 10: 22 (2021)

Distribution: Switzerland (Thurgau)

11 SWI

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus tinctapex Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. tinctisepalus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 102 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus tinctigemmatus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. tinctigemmatus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus tinctisepalus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. tinctisepalus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus tinctivaginatus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. tinctivaginatus Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 137 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus toftensis A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 675 (2018)

Name: Toft Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Cambridge)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus tojibaevii Schegol. & Turginov; PhytoKeys 193: 131, figs. 1-5 (2022)

Distribution: Uzbekistan

32 UZB

species :

Ranunculus tongrenensis W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 35(5): 643 (2015)

Distribution: China (Qinghai)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus tornensis (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. tornensis Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 104 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus totipetalus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 676 (2018)

Name: B. G. Briggs´s Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Surrey, Sussex)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus trahens (T.Duncan) G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 75(5): 396 (1993 publ. 1994)

Distribution: Mexico

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus petiolaris var. trahens T.Duncan; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 77: 78 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus transalaicus Tzvelev; Not. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS 20: 431 (1960)

Distribution: Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan

32 KGZ TZK

species :

Ranunculus transiens (Vollm.) Borch.-Kolb; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21(1): 87 (1985)

Name: Wechselnder Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus var. transiens (Vollm.) Melzh.; Wissk. & Haeupler, 407 (1998), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus cassubicus var. transiens Vollm.; 277 (1914)

species :

Ranunculus transiliensis Popov ex Gamajun.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Bot. Acad. Nauk Kazakhsk. S. S. R. 2: 13 (1964)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; China (NW-Xinjiang)

32 KAZ KGZ 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus transiliensis Popov ex Ovcz.; Fl. URSS 7: 401 (1937)

species :

Ranunculus transkuopioensis (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. transkuopioensis Markl.

species :

Ranunculus transtibiscensis Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 222, in clavi, 225 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 395 (1965)

Distribution: Hungary

11 HUN

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Ranunculus transversalis (Julin) Ericsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr., et in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 86(2): 82 (1992) 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. transversalis Julin

species :

Ranunculus tranzschelii (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: European Russia

14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. tranzchellii Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus traunfellneri Hoppe; Sturm, Deutschl. Fl., Abth. 1 46: [fol. 89 (1826)

Name: Traunfellners Hahnenfuß

Distribution: Austria; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia

11 AUT 13 CRO ITA SLV

Remarks: alpestris agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Hecatonia traunfellneri (Hoppe) Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 13 (1866)

= Leuconoe traunfellneri (Hoppe) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 16: 323 (1868)

= Ranunculus alpestris subsp. traunfellneri (Hoppe) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 354 (1936)

species :

Ranunculus trautmannii Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 223, in clavi, 227 (1964), et in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 397 (1965)

Distribution: Hungary

11 HUN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus triangularis W.T.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 25(1): 37-38, t. 4, f. 4 (1987)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus trichocarpus Boiss. & Kotschy; Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 47 (1867)

Distribution: European Russia; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)

14 RUS 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ TUR

Remarks: trichocarpus agg.

species :

Ranunculus trichophyllus Chaix; Pl. Vap.: 31 (1785)

Name: Haarblättriger Wasserhahnenfuß (DE); Threadleaf crowfoot (EN); Ranunculo grena (ES)

Distribution: Iceland; Faeroe Isl.; England (England, Wales, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl., Isle of Man); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Baleares; France; Channel Isl. (Alderney, Guernsey, Jersey); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (scattered mainland, incl. some islands); Crete; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Nile Delta); Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife); Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Kos, Karpathos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Iraq (NW-Iraq); Iran (E-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Bamyan, Kunar / Nuristan, Logar, Wardak, Parwan, Takhar, Kabul); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); Israel (Rift Valley); Saudi Arabia (Asir); China (Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Nei Mongol, Heilongjiang); Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Pakistan (Deosai, Murree, Jhelum); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Himachal Prndesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand); Australia [I] (SE-South Australia [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand; Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming); Mexico (Puebla); Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí); Argentina (Chubut, Neuquen, Santa Cruz, San Juan, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Los Lagos, Magallanes)

10 DEN FIN FOR GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 CNY 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG EAI IRN IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR 35 SAU 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 KOR NKO 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 50 aus 51 NZL 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 83 BOL PER 85 ARG CLE

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. The New Zealand populations are an undescribed species related to R. baudotii (Wiegleb et al., unpubl.).

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium aquatile subsp. caespitosum (Thuill.) Piper; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 11: 270 (1906)

= Batrachium aquatile subsp. pantothrix (Brot.) Piper; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 11: 270 (1906)

= Batrachium aquatile var. capillaceum (Pers.) Dumort.; 127 (1827)

= Batrachium aquatile var. flaccidum (Pers.) Cockerell; F. P. Daniels, Fl. Boulder Colorado: 122 (1911)

= Batrachium aquatile var. homoiophyllum F.W.Schultz; 13 (1845)

= Batrachium aquatile var. trichophyllum (Chaix) Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. 7: 200 (1838)

= Batrachium aspergillifolium Dumort.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 2: 218 (1863)

= Batrachium bipontinum F.W.Schultz ex Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France Corse 1: 24 (1847)

= Batrachium caespitosum (Thuill.) F.W.Schultz; Arch. Fl. Fr. et Allem. 1: 71 (1844)

= Batrachium confervoides subsp. lutulentum (Songeon & E.P.Perrier) Á.Löve & D.Löve; 52 (1961)

= Batrachium dahuricum Galanin; Galanin & Belikovicz, Byull. Bot. Sada-Inst. DVO RAN 6: 48 (2010), nom. prov.

= Batrachium divaricatum (Schrank) Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 12 (1866), isonym

= Batrachium divaricatum (Schrank) Wimm.; Fl. Schles.: 10 (1840), et Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 12 (1866)

= Batrachium drouetii (F.W.Schultz ex Godr.) Nyman; Bot. Not. 1852: 98 (1852)

= Batrachium flaccidum (Pers.) Rupr.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 15(2): 15 (1869)

= Batrachium hirsutissimum E.H.L.Krause; Prahl, 4 (1889)

= Batrachium jingpoense G.Y.Zhang, Chen Wang & X.Jun Liu; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 12(3): 241-242 (1992)

= Batrachium lutulentum (Songeon & E.P.Perrier) Nyman; Syll. Suppl. 29

= Batrachium lutulentum Nyman; Syll. Fl. Eur., Suppl.: 29 (1865)

= Batrachium minimum Schur; Verh. Naturf. Ver. Bruenn 15(2): 28 (1877)

= Batrachium pantothrix (Brot.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 722 (1821 publ. 1822)

= Batrachium paucistamineum F.W.Schultz; Arch. Fl. France Allemagne: 71 (1844)

= Batrachium paucistamineum var. drouetii (F.W.Schultz ex Godr.) Gelert; Bot. Tidsskr. 19: 28 (1894)

= Batrachium pectinatum Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 1: 15 (1878)

= Batrachium pedunculare Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 95 (1904)

= Batrachium radians Dumort.; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 2: 215 (1863)

= Batrachium rigidum Dumort.; Fl. Belg. [Dumortier] 127 (1827)

= Batrachium saichinense Klinkova; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 97(6): 100 (1992) (1993)

= Batrachium trichophyllum (Chaix) Bosch; Prodr. Fl. Bat. 1: 5.(1850), isonym

= Batrachium trichophyllum (Chaix) F.W.Schultz; 107 (1848)

= Batrachium trichophyllum subsp. lutulentum (Songeon & E.P.Perrier) Janch.; 196 (1958), nom. inval., et 234 (1959)

= Batrachium trichophyllum var. caespitosus Britton & A.Brown; Ill. Fl. N. U. S. 2: 84 (1897)

= Batrachium trichophyllum var. drouetii (F.W.Schultz) Frueth & Hallier; Hallier & Wohlf., 26 (1890)

= Batrachium trichophyllum var. fluitans (Godr.) Brügger; Jahresber Naturf. Ges. Graubündens [Fl. Curiensis] 17: 86 (1874)

= Batrachium trichophyllum var. glabrum M.Tamura; Acta Phyt. Geobot. 19: 76 (1962)

= Batrachium trichophyllum var. hirtellum L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 28: 363 (1980)

= Batrachium trichophyllum var. jingpoense (G.Y.Zhang, Chen Wang & X.Jun Liu) W.T.Wang; Phytologia 79(5): 387 (1995) (1996)

= Batrachium trichophyllum var. terrestre (Godr.) Brügger; Jahresber Naturf. Ges. Graubündens [Fl. Curiensis] 17: 86 (1874)

= Batrachium villosum F.W.Schultz ex Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France (Grenier) 1: 24 (1847)

= Ranunculus affinis F.W.Schultz; Flora 24: 558 (1841)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. capillaceus (Pers.) Schübl. & G.Martens; 364 (1834)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. drouetii (F.W.Schultz) Syme; 22 (1863)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. flaccidus (Pers.) F.Herm.; 200 (1912)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. pantothrix (Brot.) Hook.f.; 5 (1870)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. trichophyllus (Chaix) Syme; 23 (1863)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. bakeri (Greene) Jeps.; Fl. Calif. 1: 544 (1922)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. brachypus Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy.: 316 (1838)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. caespitosus (Thuill.) DC.; Lam. & A. P. de Candolle, Fl. Franç., éd. 3 4: 894 (1805)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. calvescens (W.B.Drew) L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 384 (1942)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. capillaceus (Pers.) DC.; Fl. Franc. (DC. & Lamarck), ed. 3, 4(2): 894 (1805)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. capillaceus Wallr.; 282 (1822)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. diffusus With.; Arr. Brit. Pl. ed. 3, 2: 507 (1796)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. divaricatus (Schrank) A.Gray; Manual, ed. 2: 7 (1856)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. divaricatus (Schrank) Rchb.; 719 (1832)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. drouetii (F.W.Schultz ex Godr.) G.Lawson; Proc. & Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada 2(4): 45 (1884)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. drouetii (F.W.Schultz) Hook.f.; 5 (1870)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. fluitans Merrem; 259 (1809)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. harrisii L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 236 (1948)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. homoiophyllus (W.D.J.Koch) Godr.; 20 (1840)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. lalondei L.D.Benson; Naturaliste Canad. 84: 254 (1957)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. peduncularis (Greene) Jeps.; Fl. Calif. 1: 544 (1922)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. trichophyllus (Chaix) A.Gray; Manual (Gray), ed. 5. 40 (1867)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. trichophyllus (Chaix) Hook.f.; 5 (1870), isonym

= Ranunculus aschersonii Freyn; Bot. Centralbl. 6, Beil. 26: 13 (1881)

= Ranunculus brattius Beck; Glasn. Zem. Mus. Bosn. i Hercegov. (Fl. Bosn. Hercegov. etc.) 26: 455 (1914)

= Ranunculus britannicus Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. de Fr. 1: 69 (1893)

= Ranunculus caespitosus Thuill.; Fl. Env. Paris, ed. 2, 1: 279 (1799)

= Ranunculus capillaceus Pers.; Hoffm., 257 (1800), nom. inval., et 105 (1806), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus capillus-naidis Arv.-Touv.; Essai Pl. Dauphiné: 18 (1871)

= Ranunculus cesatianus Caldesi; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 11: 324 (1879)

= Ranunculus curvirostris Freyn; Bot. Centralbl. 6(Beil. 3): 15 (1881)

= Ranunculus divaricatus Schrank; Baier. Fl. 2: 103 (1789)

= Ranunculus divaricatus var. terrestris Glaab; 22 (1894)

= Ranunculus dolichopodus A.Kern. ex Freyn; Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol 35: 266 (1893)

= Ranunculus drouetii F.W.Schultz ex Godr.; Arch. Fl. France Allemagne: 10 (1842), et Gren. & Godr., Fl. France 1: 24 (1847)

= Ranunculus emporitanus Sennen; Fl. Catal.: 5 (1917)

= Ranunculus filicaulis Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. de Fr. 1: 69 (1893)

= Ranunculus flaccidus Pers.; Ann. Bot. (Usteri) 14: 39 (1795)

= Ranunculus flaccidus var. drouetii (F.W.Schultz ex Godr.) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 3: 584 (1912)

= Ranunculus flaccidus var. terrestris (Godr.) Vollm.; 274 (1914)

= Ranunculus flaccidus var. trichophyllus (Chaix) Vollm.; 274 (1914), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus heterophyllus subsp. trichophyllus (Chaix) Moore & More; 4 (1866)

= Ranunculus hydrocharis f. caespitosus (Thuill.) Hiern; J. Bot. 9: 100 (1871)

= Ranunculus hydrocharis f. drouetii (F.W.Schultz ex Godr.) Hiern; J. Bot. 9: 102 (1871)

= Ranunculus hydrocharis f. trichophyllus (Chaix) Hiern; J. Bot. 9: 101 (1871)

= Ranunculus hydrocharis var. caespitosus (Thuill.) Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 3: 2008 (1829)

= Ranunculus hydrocharis var. capillaceus Spenn.; 1008 (1829)

= Ranunculus jingpoensis (G.Y.Zhang, Chen Wang & X.Jun Liu) Luferov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 45: 147 (2014)

= Ranunculus kabulensis M.Tamura; Kitam., Fl. Afghan. (Results Kyoto Univ. Sci. Exped. Karak. & Hinduk.,ii.) 121 (1955) (1960)

= Ranunculus leonardii Sennen; Diagn. Nouv.: 42 (1936)

= Ranunculus lutulentus Songeon & E.P.Perrier; Billot, Annot. Fl. Fr. et Allem. 181 (1860)

= Ranunculus martini Lamotte; Prodr. Fl. Plat. Centr. 1: 43 (1876)

= Ranunculus minutus Döll; 550 (1843), nom. illeg.

= Ranunculus pantothrix Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 2: 375 (1804)

= Ranunculus pantothrix var. caespitosus (Thuill.) DC.; Syst. Nat. 1: 236 (1817)

= Ranunculus pantothrix var. capillaceus (Hoffm.) DC.; 235 (1817)

= Ranunculus paucistamineus f. terrestris Porsild; Meddel. Grønland 58: 77 (1926)

= Ranunculus paucistamineus subsp. sublaevis Rech.f.; Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl., Denkschr 105(I): 194 (1943)

= Ranunculus paucistamineus Tausch; Flora 17: 525 (1834)

= Ranunculus paucistamineus var. drouetii (F.W.Schultz) T.Marsson; 12 (1869)

= Ranunculus paucistamineus var. longipedunculatus Zapal.; 207 (1909)

= Ranunculus paucistamineus var. pseudoradians Zapal.; 207 (1909)

= Ranunculus peucedanoides Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 1: 444 (1798)

= Ranunculus rionii subsp. bratlius (Beck) Trinajstic; Suppl. Fl. Anal. Jugosl. 1: 9. (1973)

= Ranunculus saichinensis (Klinkova) Luferov; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 107(2): 34 (2002)

= Ranunculus trichophylloides Humn.; Cat. Pl. Luxeuil: 78 (1877)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus f. terrestris (Godr.) E.Baumann; 325 (1911)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus subsp. capillaceus (Thuill.) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 126 (1964) (comb. inval.)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus subsp. drouetii (F.W.Schultz) Gremli; 72 (1874)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus subsp. drouetii (F.W.Schultz) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 126 (1964), isonym

= Ranunculus trichophyllus subsp. lutulentus (Songeon & E.P.Perrier) Gremli; 72 (1874)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus subsp. lutulentus (Songeon & E.P.Perrier) Vierh.; Abh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 16: 109 (1935), isonym

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. caespitosus (Thuill.) Gillies & Magne; 4 (1863)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. calvescens W.B.Drew; Rhodora 38: 32, tab. 383, fig. 8, 9 (1936)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. capillaceus (Thuill.) Bouvet; Fl. Suisse & Savoie: 12 (1878)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. divaricatus (Schrank) Murr; 116 (1923)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. drouetii (F.W.Schultz) Loret & Barrandon; Fl. Montpel. 1: 17 (1876)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. drouetii (F.W.Schultz) Prantl; 202 (1884)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. fluitans Gren. & Godr.; 24 (1847)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. glaber (M.Tamura) H.Hara; Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal, in Sci. Rep. Osaka Univ. 2: 20 (1979), isonym

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. heterophyllus A.Martinis; 50 (1863)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. heterophyllus Freyn; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 3: 911 (1880)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. hispidus (Drew) W.B.Drew

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. mexicanus H.Lév.; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 22: 184 (1912)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. peucedanoides (Desf.) Batt.; Fl. Algerie [Batt. & Trabut] Dicot.: 8 (1888)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. terrestris Gren. & Godr.; 24 (1847)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. trichophylloides (Humn.) Hegi

= Ranunculus trichopyllus var. glaber (M.Tamura) M.Tamura; Sci. Rep. Osaka Univ. 27(2): 114 (1978 publ. 1979)

species :

Ranunculus trichopus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. trichopus Julin

species :

Ranunculus tridactylus H.Eichler; Biblioth. Bot. 31: Heft 124, 71 (1958)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus tridens Ridl.; Trans. Linn. Soc., Bot. 9: 10 (1916)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus tridentifer (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. tridentifer Markl.

species :

Ranunculus trigonus Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7(2): 304-305, t. 6, f. 12-13 (1931)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, Yunnan); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus shuichengensis L.Liao; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35: 57 (1997)

variant :

var. strigosus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 16(2): 164 (1996)

Distribution: China (SW-Yunnan); India (Arunachal Pradesh)

36 CHI 40 IND

species :

Ranunculus trilobatoides Dunkel; Kochia 15: 162 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus trilobulatus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. trilobulatus Julin

species :

Ranunculus trilobus Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 1: 437 (1798)

Name: Threelobe buttercup (EN); Dreilappiger Hahnenfuß (DE); Ranunculo perejil (ES)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Montenegro; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Flores Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Hierro, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma Isl.); St. Helena [I]; Iran (N-Iran); ?Cyprus (?C-Mountains); India (Sikkim, Uttarakhand); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Florida [I], Louisiana [I], Mississippi [I], South Carolina [I], Texas [I])

11 ger 12 BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ITA MLT MNT SIC 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY MDR 28 sth 34 IRN 40 IND 50 aus 77 usa 78 usa

Remarks: sardous agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus ammoides Pall. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 42 (1824)

= Ranunculus philonotis subsp. trilobus (Desf.) Ball; Spicil. Fl. Marocc. [Ball]: 307 (1877)

= Ranunculus philonotis var. trilobus (Desf.) Loisel.

= Ranunculus rhoeadifolius DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 284 (1817)

= Ranunculus rosani Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1(Prodr.): XXXII (1811)

= Ranunculus sardous subsp. trilobus (Desf.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France 1: 109 (1893)

= Ranunculus sardous var. fontanesii (Webb & Berthel.) Maire

= Ranunculus sardous var. rhoeadifolius (DC.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 21: 59 (1930)

= Ranunculus sardous var. trilobus (Desf.) Burnat; Fl. Alpes Marit. 1: 39 (1892)

= Ranunculus trilobus var. fontanesii Webb & Berthel.; Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3 2(1): 10 (1836)

= Ranunculus trilobus var. rhoeadifolius (DC.) Webb & Berthel.; Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3 2(1): 10 (1836)

= Ranunculus trilobus var. subpilosa Lowe; Man. Fl. Madeira 1: 5 (1857)

= Ranunculus vilaenadalis Sennen; Monde Pl. 29(173): 6 (1928)

species :

Ranunculus trinus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. trinus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 106 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus tripartitus DC.; Mém. Agric. Soc. Agric. Dép. Seine 10: 238 (1807)

Name: Dreiteiliger Wasserhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: England (S- & SW-England, W-Wales); Ireland (SW-Ireland); Netherlands; Portugal; Spain; France; Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; Greece (Kiklades: Tinos, Milos); European Russia; Morocco; Algeria

10 GRB IRE 11 NET 12 FRA POR SPA 13 CRO GRC KOS SRB 14 RUS 20 ALG MOR

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium, hederaceus agg. R. lutarius is most likely a valid species fide Jopek et al. 2023, based on genetic results.

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium aquatile var. petiveri (W.D.J.Koch) F.W.Schultz; 13 (1845)

= Batrachium lutarium Revel; Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 25: 413 (1864)

= Batrachium obtusiflorum Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 721 (1821 publ. 1822)

= Batrachium petiveri (W.D.J.Koch) Bosch; 7 (1850), isonym

= Batrachium petiveri (W.D.J.Koch) F.W.Schultz; Arch. Fl. Fr. et Allem. 1: 71 (1844)

= Batrachium trinacrium Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 1: 16 (1878), sphalm.

= Batrachium tripartitum (DC.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 721 (1821 publ. 1822)

= Batrachium tripartitum var. micranthum (DC.) Dumort.; 127 (1827)

= Batrachium tripartitum var. obtusiflorum (DC.) Dumort.; 127 (1827)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. minoriflorus (Pau) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 122 (1964), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. petiveri (W.D.J.Koch) Hartm.; 80 (1846)

= Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. tripartitus (DC.) Hook.f.; 6 (1870)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. petiveri (W.D.J.Koch) W.D.J.Koch; 9 (1843)

= Ranunculus flaccidus subsp. petiveri (W.D.J.Koch) Hegi; 583 (1912)

= Ranunculus kastamonuensis Dönmez; Nordic J. Bot. 22(2): 219 (2002 publ. 2003)

= Ranunculus lenormandii subsp. lutarius (Revel) Cout.; Fl. Portugal: 230 (1913)

= Ranunculus lutarius (Revel) Bouvet; Bull. Soc. Angers: 96 (1874)

= Ranunculus obtusiflorus (DC.) Moss; J. Bot. 52: 117 (1914)

= Ranunculus paucistamineus var. petiveri (W.D.J.Koch) T.Marsson; 11 (1869)

= Ranunculus petiveri var. minor W.D.J.Koch; 13 (1843)

= Ranunculus petiveri W.D.J.Koch; Deutschl. Fl. (Sturm), Abt. I, Phanerog. Heft 82 (1840)

= Ranunculus trichophyllus var. tripartitus (DC.) Batt.; Fl. Algerie [Batt. & Trabut] Dicot.: 8 (1888)

= Ranunculus tripartitus f. gracilis Godr.; 10 (1840)

= Ranunculus tripartitus f. pinguis Godr.; 10 (1840)

= Ranunculus tripartitus var. anceps Emb. & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 21: 55 (1930)

= Ranunculus tripartitus var. fluitans Gren. & Godr.; 20 (1847)

= Ranunculus tripartitus var. micranthus DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 1: 234 (1817), nom. inval.

= Ranunculus tripartitus var. minoriflorus Pau; Font Quer, Iter Marocc. 1929 no. 155 (1930), in sched.

= Ranunculus tripartitus var. obtusiflorus DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 1: 234 (1817)

= Ranunculus tripartitus var. submersus Gren. & Godr.; 20 (1847)

= Ranunculus tripartitus var. terrestris Gren. & Godr.; 20 (1847)

species :

Ranunculus triplex (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. triplex Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 138 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus triplodontus Melville; Kew Bull. 204 (1955)

Distribution: Australia (higher altitudes in Tasmania)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cuneatus Hook.; J. Bot. [Hooker] 1: 242 (1834)

species :

Ranunculus trisulcus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. trisulcus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(1): 39 (1974)

species :

Ranunculus triternatus A.Gray; Proc. Am. Acad. 21: 370 (1886)

Name: Obscure buttercup

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Washington State)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus glaberrimus var. reconditus (A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.) L.D.Benson; Amer. J. Bot. 23: 170 (1936)

= Ranunculus reconditus A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.; Bot. Gaz. 56: 473 (1913)

species :

Ranunculus trivialis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. trivialis Julin

species :

Ranunculus trullifolius Hook.f.; Bot. Antarct. Voy. I. (Fl. Antarct.). 2: 226 (1845)

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Coquimbo, Araucanía, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes)

85 ARG CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus monanthos Phil.; Linnaea 28: 662 (1858)

= Ranunculus monanthos var. chiloensis Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 68 (1894)

= Ranunculus obtusilobus Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 67 (1894)

species :

Ranunculus truniacus Hörandl & Gutermann; Phyton (Horn) 37(2): 299 (1998)

Distribution: Austria

11 AUT

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus turczaninovii (Luferov) Vorosch.; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 99(6): 121 (1994)

Distribution: Siberia (Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva); Russian Far East (Khabarovsk)

30 SIB 31 RFE

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus pedatifidus subsp. turczaninovii Luferov; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 97(4): 97 (1992)

species :

Ranunculus tureholmiensis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. tureholmiensis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 138 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus turkestanicus Franch.; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. VI. 15: 217 (1883)

Distribution: Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan)

32 TZK UZB 34 AFG

species :

Ranunculus turneri Greene; Pittonia 2: 296 (1892)

Name: Turner´s buttercup

Distribution: Siberia (Krasnoyarsk, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan); Alaska; Canada (Northern Territories, Yukon)

30 SIB 31 RFE 70 ASK CDN

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus acris subsp. turneri (Greene) Vorosch.; nom. inval.

= Ranunculus borealis subsp. turneri (Greene) Vorosch.; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 99(6): 119 (1994)

= Ranunculus jacuticus Ovcz.; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 470, 746 (1937)

= Ranunculus occidentalis subsp. turneri (Greene) J.P.Anderson; Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 20: 300 (1946)

= Ranunculus occidentalis var. turneri (Greene) L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 68: 167 (1941)

= Ranunculus propinquus subsp. turneri (Greene) Elenevsky & Derv.-Sokol.

= Ranunculus turneri subsp. jacuticus (Ovcz.) Tolm.; Arktich. Fl. SSSR 6: 222 (1971)

species :

Ranunculus tusbyensis (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. tusbyensis Markl.

species :

Ranunculus tutus (Fagerstr. & G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 154 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. tutus Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 19(1): 62 (1982)

species :

Ranunculus tuvinicus Erst; Turczaninovia 10(2): 6 (8; fig. 2) (2007)

Distribution: Siberia (Tuva); Mongolia

30 SIB 37 MON

species :

Ranunculus udicola Hörandl & Gutermann; Bot. Jahrb., 121(1): 129 (1999)

Distribution: Austria

11 AUT

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus uncinatus D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 35 (1831)

Name: Woodland buttercup

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka); Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington State, Wyoming)

31 RFE 70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus bongardii subsp. greenei (Howell) Piper; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 11: 275 (1906)

= Ranunculus greenei Howell; Fl. N. W. Amer.: 18 (1897)

= Ranunculus lyallii Rydb.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 166 (1900)

= Ranunculus recurvatus Bong.; Veg. Sitcha: 5 (1833)

variant :

var. earlei (Greene) L.D.Benson; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 39: 761 (1948)

Name: Earle´s buttercup

Distribution: USA (Colorado, New Mexico)

73 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus bongardii var. earlei (Greene) L.D.Benson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 68: 479 (1941)

= Ranunculus earlei Greene; Pittonia 4: 15 (1899)

variant :

var. parviflorus (Torr.) L.D.Benson; Contr. Fl. Idaho Leafl. 22: 31 (1948)

Name: Idaho buttercup

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington State, Wyoming)

70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus bongardii Greene; Erythea 3: 54 (1895)

= Ranunculus occidentalis var. parviflorus Torr.; C. Wilkes, U. S. Expl. Exped. 17(Bot. 2): 214 (1874)

species :

Ranunculus uncostigma Merr. & L.M.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 24: 40 (1943)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus undosus Melville; Kew Bull. 211 (1955)

Distribution: Australia (E-South Australia, New South Wales, W-Victoria)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus unguis-cati P.H.Davis; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 23: 152, t. 10 (1960)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Ranunculus unipetalus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 674 (2018)

Name: Stradishall Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Suffolk)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus uniradicatus W.T.Wang; Guihaia 39(9): 1140 (2019)

Distribution: Tibet

36 TIB

species :

Ranunculus urbicola (Fagerstr. & G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. urbicola Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 19(1): 62 (1982)

species :

Ranunculus urjalensis (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. urjalensis Markl.

species :

Ranunculus urvilleanus Cheeseman; Man. N. ZealandFl. ed. 2, 446 (1925)

Distribution: New Zealand

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus hirtus var. elongatus Cheeseman; (1906)

species :

Ranunculus uryuensis Kadota; J. Jap. Bot. 87(6): 379 (2012)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

species :

Ranunculus ustulatus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. ustulatus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 111 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus uttaranchalensis Pusalkar & D.K.Singh; Nordic J. Bot. 24(4): 403 (2007)

Distribution: NW-India (Uttarakhand)

40 IND

species :

Ranunculus uxoris (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. uxoris Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 139 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus vadincisus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 673 (2018)

Name: Box Hill Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Surrey)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus vaginifer (Julin & Nannf.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. vaginifer Julin & Nannf.; Acta Phytogeogr. Suec. 68: 97 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus valdesii Grau; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 20: 16 (1984)

Distribution: C-Spain (Sa. de Guadarrama)

12 SPA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. valdesii (Grau) Mateo, Fabregat & S.López; An. Biol. Fac. Biol. Univ. Murcia 20: 107 (1995)

species :

Ranunculus validicaulis A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 676 (2018)

Name: Stout Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Sussex)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus validus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: NW-European Russia

14 RUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. validus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus valtae (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. valtae Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(1): 11 (1974)

species :

Ranunculus vanensis P.H.Davis; Fl. Turkey 10: 231 (1988)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Ranunculus vanneromii (Demarsin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: Belgium

11 BGM

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. vanneromii Demarsin

species :

Ranunculus varangerensis (Fagerstr. & G.Kvist) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: Norway

10 NOR

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. varangerensis Fagerstr. & G.Kvist; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 19(1): 63 (1982)

species :

Ranunculus variabilis Hörandl & Gutermann; Phyton (Horn) 37(2): 301 (1998)

Name: Vielgestaltiger Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: +SE-Germany (+Bayern); Austria; Slovenia

11 AUT GER 13 SLV

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus variantifrons (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. variantifrons Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 113 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus varicus O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 137 (1949)

Name: Spreizender Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Sachsen, Thüringen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus varipetalus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 675 (2018)

Name: Whipsnade Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Bedfordshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus variscorum Dunkel; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 92: 39-40 (1954)

Name: Varisker Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus vasconicus Dunkel; Stapfia 112: 50 (2021)

Distribution: Spain (Alava)

12 SPA

Remarks: auricomus agg., carlittensis group

species :

Ranunculus vastifolius (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. vastifolius Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 140 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus vastisectus (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. vastisectus Markl.

species :

Ranunculus velutinus Ten.; Sem. Hort. Neapol. 1825: 12 (1825)

Name: Samtiger Hahnenfuß (DE); Velvet Buttercup (EN)

Distribution: Germany [I]; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; San Marino; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread mainland, Kerkyra, Ionian Isl., Evvoia, Sporades, Thasos, Samothraki); Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Chalki, Rhodos); Turkey (SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)

11 ger 12 COR FRA SAR 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KRI MNT NMA SIC SMA TUE 34 EAI TUR

species :

Ranunculus venetus Huter ex Landolt; Feddes Repert. 70: 5 (1965)

Name: Venezianischer Hahnenfuß

Distribution: NE-Italy (SE-Alps)

13 ITA

Remarks: breyninus agg.

species :

Ranunculus venustus (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. venustus Julin

species :

Ranunculus verecundus B.L.Rob. ex Piper; Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 11: 274 (1906)

Name: Wetslope buttercup

Distribution: Alaska; USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington State, Wyoming)

70 ASK 73 USA 76 USA

species :

Ranunculus vermirrhizus A.P.Khokhr.; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 98(5): 128 (1993)

Distribution: NE-Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Ranunculus veronicae N.Böhling; Willdenowia 30(2): 245 (2000)

Distribution: W-Crete

13 KRI

species :

Ranunculus verticillatus Kirk; Stud. Fl. New Zealand: 13 (1899)

Distribution: New Zealand (Ruahine Range south to NW-Nelson)

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus clivalis Allan; Fl. N. Zeal. 1: 149 (1961)

= Ranunculus geraniifolius Hook.f.; Fl. N. Zel. 1: 9 (1852) (non Pourr. 1788)

species :

Ranunculus vertumnaliformis Dunkel; Kochia 6: 75 (2012)

Name: Ähnlicher Frühlings-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus vertumnalis O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 124 (1949)

Name: Wechselhafter Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Czech Republic

11 CZE GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus vertumnus (C.D.K.Cook) Luferov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 44: 82 (2013)

Distribution: Germany; Spain; France; Austria; Hungary; Serbia; Croatia; etc.

11 AUT GER HUN 12 FRA SPA 13 CRO SRB

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium. Distribution incomplete. Reports from further eastwards most probably refer to Ranunculus sphaerospermus

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus penicillatus var. vertumnus C.D.K.Cook; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München, 6: 160 (1966)

= Ranunculus penicillatus var. vertumnus (C.D.K.Cook) S.D.Webster; Watsonia 17(1): 20 (1988)

= Batrachium vertumnum (C.D.K.Cook) A.A.Bobrov; Gidrobotanika: metodologiya, metody: 73 (2003)

species :

Ranunculus vestergrenii (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. vestergrenii Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 140 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus viadensis (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. viadensis Julin; Opera Bot. 57: 142 (1980)

species :

Ranunculus viburgensis (Markl.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: Finland; C-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

10 FIN 14 RUS

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus fallax subsp. viburgensis Markl.

species :

Ranunculus victoriensis B.G.Briggs; Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales 84: 314 (1960)

Distribution: Australia (higher altitudes in Victoria)

50 AUS

species :

Ranunculus viduus Dunkel; Kochia 15: 101 (2022)

Distribution: Germany (Sachsen)

11 GER

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus villarsii DC.; Lam. & DC., Fl. Franc. ed. 3, 4: 896 (1805)

Name: Grenier-Hahnenfuß

Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; France; Italy

11 AUT GER LIE SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA

Remarks: breyninus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus accessivus Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 438 (1861)

= Ranunculus acris var. villarsii (DC.) Rchb.; 724 (1832)

= Ranunculus eriotorus Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 437 (1861)

= Ranunculus grenierianus Jord.; F. W. Schultz, Arch. Fl. France Allemagne: 304 (1854)

= Ranunculus inops Schott; Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl. 7: 183 (1857)

= Ranunculus lapponicus Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 3: 743 (1789)

= Ranunculus montanus subsp. villarsii (DC.) Ces.; Car. Catt., 286 (1844)

= Ranunculus pseudovillarsii Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 19 (1866)

= Ranunculus villarsii f. auctus Zapal.; 235 (1909)

= Ranunculus villarsii f. brodensis Zapal.; 236 (1909)

= Ranunculus villarsii f. bucovinensis Zapal.; 236 (1909)

= Ranunculus villarsii f. minor Zapal.; 235 (1909)

= Ranunculus villarsii f. sokolicensis Zapal.; 235 (1909)

= Ranunculus villarsii f. subauctus Zapal.; 236 (1909)

= Ranunculus villarsii f. triflorus Zapal.; 235 (1909)

= Ranunculus villarsii var. marmarossicus Zapal.; 236 (1909)

species :

Ranunculus vindobonensis Hörandl & Gutermann; Bot. Jahrb., 120(4): 584 (1998)

Distribution: E-Austria

11 AUT

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus vinicae Dunkel; Stapfia 111: 53 (2019)

Distribution: Slovenia

13 SLV

Remarks: auricomus agg., notabilis group

species :

Ranunculus viridis H.D.Wilson & Garn.-Jones; New Zealand J. Bot. 21(3): 342 (1983)

Distribution: New Zealand

51 NZL

species :

Ranunculus viridissimus A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 676 (2018)

Name: Dark Green Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Suffolk)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus viriditorus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. viriditorus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 118 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus vitellinus (Markl. ex Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. vitellinus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(1): 42 (1974)

species :

Ranunculus vjatkensis Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 80(7): 80 (1995)

Distribution: E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia

14 RUS

species :

Ranunculus volkensii Engl.; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. C 181 (1895)

Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania

23 BUR RWA ZAI 25 KEN TAN UGA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus elgonensis Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 10: 902 (1930)

= Ranunculus helogeton Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 10: 901 (1930)

= Ranunculus ulbrichii Engl.; Wiss. Ergebn. Deut. Zentr.-Afr. Exped. (1907-1908), Bot. 2: 208 (1911)

species :

Ranunculus vorkutensis Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 80(7): 81 (1995)

Distribution: E-European Russia; N-European Russia

14 RUS

species :

Ranunculus vulgoramosus A.P.Khokhr.; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada (Moscow), 157: 36 (1990)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka)

31 RFE

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus nivalis subsp. vulgoramosa (Khokhr.) Luferov; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 97(4): 96 (1992)

species :

Ranunculus vuolijokiensis Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992), nom. nov.

Distribution: Finland

10 FIN

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. petiolulatus Markl. ex Fagerstr.; Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 82(4): 45 (1976)

species :

Ranunculus vvedenskyi Ovcz.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Uzbekistansk. Akad. Nauk SSSR 3: 30 (1941)

Distribution: Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan

32 TKM UZB

species :

Ranunculus vytegrensis (Fagerstr.) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: European Russia

14 RUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus monophyllus subsp. vytegrensis Fagerstr.

species :

Ranunculus waghiensis H.Eichler; Biblioth. Bot. 31: Heft 124, 73 (1958)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Ranunculus wallichianus Wight & Arn.; Prod. 4 (1834)

Distribution: S-India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka

40 IND SRL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus pinnatus Wight; Illus. 1: 6 (1841) non Poir. 1804

species :

Ranunculus walo-kochii Hörandl & Gutermann; Bot. Jahrb., 120(1): 30 (1998), nom. nov.

Name: Walo-Koch-Goldhahnenfuß (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Poland; Czech Republic

11 CZE GER POL

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus kochii Jasiewicz; Fragm. Florist. & Geobot., Krakow 2: 1. 71 (1956)

species :

Ranunculus waltersii A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 672 (2018)

Name: Walters´s Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Cambridgeshire)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus wangianus Q.E.Yang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38: 551 (2000)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus waziristanicus Qureshi & Chaudhri; Pakistan Syst., 4(1-2): 158 (1988), nom. nov.

Distribution: Pakistan (Waziristan)

40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus nanus Blatt.; Journ. Ind. Bot. Soc. 9: 199 (1930)

species :

Ranunculus weddellii Lourteig; Mem. Soc. Cienc. Nat. La Salle 16: (Ranunc. Südamer. Trop.) 134 (1956)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Ranunculus wendelboi Iranshahr & Rech.f.; Fl. Iran., 171: 149 (1992)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Bamyan, Ghazni, Ghorat, Parwan)

34 AFG

species :

Ranunculus wettsteinii Dörfl.; Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math. Naturwiss. Kl., Anz. 55: 282 (1918)

Distribution: North Macedonia; E-Albania

13 ALB NMA

Remarks: Status uncertain, possibly a fixed hybrid R. parnassifolius x montenegrinus

species :

Ranunculus weyleri Marès; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 12: 232, in textu (1865), et ex Willk. in Linnaea 40: 131 (1876)

Distribution: Baleares (Mallorca)

12 BAL

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cymbalarifolius subsp. weyleri (Marès ex Willk.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; But. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., 38 Bot., 1 65 (1974)

= Ranunculus doerflerianus Gand.; Jahreskat. Wiener Bot. Tauschanst. 1899: 133 (1899)

species :

Ranunculus wraberi Pignatti; Giorn. Bot. Ital. 110: 214 (1976)

Distribution: Slovenia (M. Nanos)

13 SLV

Remarks: auricomus agg., pilisiensis group

species :

Ranunculus wrayensis A.C.Leslie; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 676 (2018)

Name: Wray Goldilocks Buttercup

Distribution: England (Surrey)

10 GRB

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus wutaishanicus W.T.Wang; Guihaia 36(11): 1308 (2016)

Distribution: China (Shanxi)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus xinningensis W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 9(2): 10-11, f. 3: 5-7 (1989)

Distribution: China (S-Hunan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus yanshanensis W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 16(2): 161 (1996)

Distribution: China (SE-Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus yaoanus W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 278 (1995)

Distribution: SE-Tibet

36 TIB

species :

Ranunculus yatsugatakensis Honda & Kumaz.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 43: 656 (1929)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu)

38 JAP

species :

Ranunculus yechengensis W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 15(3): 281 (1995)

Distribution: China (SW-Xinjiang)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus yinshanicus (Y.Z.Zhao) Y.Z.Zhao; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 9(1): 67 (1989)

Distribution: China (S-Nei Mongol)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus pulchellus var. yinshanicus Y.Z.Zhao; Fl. Intramongol. 2: 255, 369, t. 132, f. 1-6 (1978)

species :

Ranunculus yunnanensis Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 32: 5 (1885)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, N-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus mairei H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12(325-330): 281 (1913)

species :

Ranunculus zaghei Parsa; Fl. Iran 8: 213, 261 (1960), et l. c. 9: 214 (1966)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Ranunculus zapalowiczii Pacz.; Szafer, Fl. Polska 3: 57 (1927)

Distribution: Poland; European Russia

11 POL 14 RUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus villarsii var. sarmaticus Zapal.; 236 (1909)

species :

Ranunculus zaplatys (Julin) Ericsson; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29(2): 156 (1992)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: auricomus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus auricomus subsp. zaplatys Julin

species :

Ranunculus zenjanensis Iranshahr & Rech.f.; Rech.f., Fl. Iranica 171: 188 (1992)

Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Ranunculus zhouquensis W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 35(5): 643 (2015)

Distribution: China (Gansu)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus zhungdianensis W.T.Wang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(2): 104-105, pl. 2, f. 4-6 (1987)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Ranunculus zinselianus Dunkel; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 66: 23 (2014)

Distribution: France (Alsace)

12 FRA

Remarks: auricomus agg.

species :

Ranunculus zmudae Jasiewicz; Fragm. Florist. & Geobot., Krakow 2: 1. 81 (1956)

Distribution: Poland; Belarus; C-European Russia; NW-European Russia; Ukraine

11 POL 14 BLR RUS UKR

Remarks: auricomus agg., cassubicus subagg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus cassubicus subsp. zmudae (Jasiewicz) Jasiewicz; Fl. Polski Rosl. Naczyniowe, ed. 2, 4: 74 (1985)

species :

Ranunculus ×absconditus A.A.Bobrov & Chemeris; Sci. Rep. 12(12088): 11 (2022)

Distribution: C-European Russia

14 RUS

species :

Ranunculus ×algidus (Kapit.) A.A.Bobrov; Phytotaxa 319(1): 23 (2017)

Distribution: E-European Russia; Siberia (Krasnoyarsk)

14 RUS 30 SIB

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium; Ranunculus kauffmannii x mongolicus

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium ×algidum Kapit.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 91(2): 277 (2006)

species :

Ranunculus ×bachii (Wirtg.) Wirtg.; Verh. Naturhist. Vereines Preuss. Rheinl. Westphalens 2: 22 (1846)

Distribution: Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz); etc.

11 GER

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium; Ranunculus fluitans x trichophyllus

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium fluviatile var. bachii (Wirtg.) Frueth & Hallier; Hallier & Wohlf., 27 (1890)

= Batrachium ×bachii Wirtg. ex F.Schultz; Arch. Fl. France Allemagne: 292 (1852)

= Ranunculus aquatilis var. bachii (Wirtg.) Hook.f.; 6 (1870)

= Ranunculus fluitans var. bachii (Wirtg.) Asch.; 13 (1860)

= Ranunculus ×bachii var. mosellanus Wirtg.; 105 (1847)

= Ranunculus ×bachii Wirtg.; Verhandl. Preuss. Rheinl. 2: 22 (1845), nom. inval.

species :

Ranunculus ×felixii Segret; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 72: 782, 784 (1925 publ. 1926)

Distribution: France

12 FRA

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium; Ranunculus tripartitus x Ranunculus ololeucos

species :

Ranunculus ×gluckii A.Félix ex C.D.K.Cook; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 6: 202 (1966), nomen

Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Austria; France; England; Hungary; European Russia; etc.

10 GRB 11 AUT GER HUN 12 FRA 14 RUS

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium; Ranunculus trichophyllus x circinatus

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus ×cookii (Soó) Wiegleb; Jäger & K. Werner, 172 (2005), nom. inval.

= Batrachium ×cookii Soó; nomen

species :

Ranunculus ×grovesianus Druce; in sched. (1897), nomen

Distribution: England; Germany; East Aegaean Isl.; etc.

10 GRB 11 GER 34 EAI

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium; Ranunculus trichophyllus x peltatus

species :

Ranunculus ×hiltonii H.Groves & J.Groves; J. Bot. 39: 121 (1901)

Distribution: England (Sussex)

10 GRB

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium; ?Ranunculus omiophyllus x peltatus

species :

Ranunculus ×kelchoensis S.D.Webster; Watsonia 18: 142 (1990)

Distribution: England; Germany (Bayern); Portugal; France; etc.

10 GRB 11 GER 12 FRA POR

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium; Ranunculus fluitans x peltatus

species :

Ranunculus ×lacerus Bell; Mem. Acad. Turin 5: 1790 (1791) 233. t. 8 [nothossp.]

subspecies :

subsp. lacerus

Distribution: France

12 FRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus ×frigidus Schrank; Pl. Rar. Hort. Monac.: t. 57 (1820)

= Ranunculus ×laciniatus Clairv.; Man. Herbor. Suisse: 177 (1811)

subspecies :

subsp. valesiacus (Suter) W.Huber; Veröff. Geobot. Inst. Rübel, 100: 66 (1988) [nothossp.]

Distribution: Switzerland

11 SWI

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus valesiacus Suter; Fl. Helvet. 1: 825

species :

Ranunculus ×lambertii A.Félix; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 59: p. lxiii (1912 publ. 1913), in adnot., et Le Monde des Plantes 39: 29, descr. (1938)

Distribution: England; Sweden; Denmark; Germany; Czech Republic; France

10 DEN GRB SWE 11 CZE GER 12 FRA

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium; Ranunculus baudotii x aquatilis

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium ×lambertii (A.Félix) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 13: 299 (1967)

species :

Ranunculus ×levenensis Druce ex Gornall; Watsonia 16(4): 383 (1987)

Name: Loch Leven Spearwort (EN)

Distribution: ?Faeroe Isl.; England (NW-England, Scotland); Norway; Sweden; Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern); Switzerland; Italy; European Russia

10 GRB NOR SWE 11 GER SWI 13 ITA 14 RUS

Remarks: Ranunculus flammula L. x Ranunculus reptans L.

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus flammula nothovar. levenensis (Druce ex Gornall) B.Bock; (2012)

species :

Ranunculus ×lutzii A.Félix; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 59: 112 (1912 publ. 1913)

Distribution: England; Poland; Austria; ?Germany; Hungary; Netherlands; Sweden; Czech Republic; France; etc.

10 GRB SWE 11 AUT CZE HUN NET POL 12 FRA

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium; Ranunculus trichophyllus x aquatilis

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium ×lutzii (A.Félix) Janch.; Cat. Fl. Austral., 1. Pteridophyt. & Anthophyt., Heft 2, 197 (1958)

species :

Ranunculus ×novae-forestae S.D.Webster; Watsonia 18(2): 139 (1990)

Distribution: England

10 GRB

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium; Ranunculus omiophyllus x tripartitus

species :

Ranunculus ×preauberti A.Félix; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 59: p. lxiii (1912 publ. 1913), in adnot.

Distribution: France

12 FRA

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium; Ranunculus omiophyllus x Ranunculus ololeucos

Synonyms: hidden

= Ranunculus ×preauberti A.Félix ex A.Félix; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 74: 279, descr. (1927)

species :

Ranunculus ×prietoi Cires; Pl. Biosystems 146(Suppl.): 204 (2012)

Distribution: Spain

12 SPA

species :

Ranunculus ×redundans A.A.Bobrov, Butkuviene & Sinkeviciene; Sci. Rep. 12(12088): 10 (2022)

Distribution: Lithuania; C-European Russia

14 LIT RUS

Remarks: Ranunculus circinatus x R. fluitans

species :

Ranunculus ×rohlenae Domin; Preslia 13-15: 83 (1935)

Distribution: Slovakia

11 SLO

species :

Ranunculus ×scissus W.Huber; Veröff. Geobot. Inst. Rübel, 100: 62 (1988) [nothossp.]

subspecies :

subsp. scissus

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: Ranunculus kuepferi x platanifolius

subspecies :

subsp. disjunctus W.Huber; Veröff. Geobot. Inst. Rübel, 100: 66 (1988) [nothossp.]

Distribution: France

12 FRA

Remarks: Ranunculus kuepferi ssp. orientalis x platanifolius

species :

Ranunculus ×segretii A.Félix; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, 1910. 57: p. xl (1911)

Distribution: England; Channel Isl.; Sweden; France

10 GRB SWE 12 CIS FRA

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium; Ranunculus baudotii x trichophyllus

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium ×segretii (A.Félix) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 13: 299 (1967), et ibid. 18(1-2): 175 (1973), as ´segretti´

= Ranunculus ×segretii A.Félix ex A.Félix; Le Monde des Plantes 39: 28, descr. (1938)

species :

Ranunculus ×subhirsutus Brügger; Jahresb. Naturf. Ges. Graub. 29: 1884-85 (1886) 2

Distribution: Switzerland

11 SWI

species :

Ranunculus ×virzionensis A.Félix; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 59: p. lxiii (1913), in adnot., et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 61: 109 (1914)

Distribution: England; France; Germany; Denmark; Sweden

10 DEN GRB SWE 11 GER 12 FRA

Remarks: Subgen. Batrachium; Ranunculus peltatus x aquatilis

Synonyms: hidden

= Batrachium ×virzionense (A.Félix) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 9: 422 (1963), et Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung., 18(1-2): 175 (1973)

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 24.11 (November 5th, 2024)

Covering 355,576 accepted species,
8,715 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,581 synonyms,
in total 1,412,785* names

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Contact

How to Cite:

Search

+ Family

Filter

Order

Family (7)

Genus (57)

Display options

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 24.11 (November 5th, 2024)

Covering 355,576 accepted species, 8,715 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,581 synonyms, in total 1,412,785* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Covering 355,576 accepted species,
8,715 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,581 synonyms,
in total 1,412,785* names

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]