370.0000 Family Polygonaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 82 (1789), nom. cons.

52 genera, ca. 1450 spp.

Species listed in database: 1446; hybrids: 151

370.3706 Genus Polygonum L.; Sp. Pl. 1: 359 (1753) s. str.

Distribution: northern-temperate, some also temperate southern hemisphere. Taxonomy and species circumscription highly complex and disputed. Some species possibly need transfer in Koenigia.

Species listed in database: 150; hybrids: 2

species :

Polygonum acerosum Ledeb. ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 92 (1856)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Xinjiang)

32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 36 CHI

species :

Polygonum acetosum M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur. Caucasus 1: 304 (1808)

Distribution: ?Bulgaria; E-European Russia; Siberia (Altai); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Xinjiang)

14 RUS 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum jaxarticum Sumnev.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Uzbekistansk. Fil. Akad. Nauk SSSR 2: 14 (1940)

species :

Polygonum achoreum S.F.Blake; Rhodora 19: 232 (1917)

Name: Leathery knotweed

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, N. W. T., Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Colorado, Connecticut, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Vermont, Washington State, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming)

70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum erectum subsp. achoreum (S.F.Blake) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 31(1): 122 (1982)

species :

Polygonum afghanicum Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 90 (1856)

Distribution: Iran (E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., S-Iran); Afghanistan (Baghlan, Balkh, Bamyan, Ghorat, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Kunar / Nuristan, Logar, Wardak, Orozgan / Daykundi, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Samangan); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Peshawar, Kurram, Swat)

34 AFG IRN 40 PAK

species :

Polygonum afromontanum Greenway; Kew Bull. 1952: 355 (1952)

Distribution: E-Kenya (mountains); N-Tanzania

25 KEN TAN

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum paradoxum T.C.E.Fr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 9: 33 (1924) (non H. Lév. 1909)

species :

Polygonum afyonicum Leblebici & Gemici; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 42: 321, f. 1 (1985)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Polygonum albanicum Jáv.; Bot. Közlem. 19: 19 (1921)

Distribution: Montenegro; Albania; NC-Greece (Mt. Askio)

13 ALB GRC MNT

species :

Polygonum aleppicum Boiss. & Hausskn.; Boiss., Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4: 1037 (1879)

Distribution: Syria (NW-Syria)

34 SYR

Remarks: Status uncertain, equisetiforme agg.

species :

Polygonum arenarium Waldst. & Kit.; Descr. lcon. Pl. Hung. 69 (1801)

subspecies :

subsp. arenarium

Name: Sand-Vogelknöterich (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Italy; Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Estonia [I]; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); USA [I] (Massachusetts [I], Rhode Island [I]); Argentina [I]

11 ger HUN SLO 12 FRA 13 ALB BUL CRO ITA KOS NMA ROM SRB TUE 14 est KRY MLD RUS UKR 32 KAZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 LEB SYR TUR 75 usa 85 arg

Synonyms: hidden

= Centinodia arenaria (Waldst. & Kir.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. L. Lyon, n. s. 17: 146 (1869)

= Polygonum aphyllum (Hayne) Krock.; Fl. Siles., Suppl. 2: 75 (1823)

= Polygonum arenarium subsp. pseudoarenarium (Klokov) Soó

= Polygonum divaricatum Less.; Linnaea 9: 204 (1834), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum equisetiforme J.Mayer ex Ten.; Syll. Pl. Fl. Neapol.: 195 (1831), nom. inval.

= Polygonum junceum Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 3: 529 (1850), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum pseudoarenarium Klokov; Mater. Ohor. Pryr. Ukrajini 1: 74 (1928)

= Polygonum venantianum Clementi; Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Torino, ser. 2, 16: 319 (1857)

subspecies :

subsp. pulchellum (Loisel.) Thell.; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg 38: 186 (1912)

Name: Schöner Sand-Vogelknöterich (DE); Pretty Sand Knotgrass (EN)

Distribution: France; ?Corsica; Italy; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread mainland, Kerkyra, Ionian Isl., Thasos, Samothraki, Skiros, Limnos); Estonia [I]; Belarus; Moldova; ?Morocco; Northern Caucasus; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Kos, Simi, Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iran

12 FRA 13 BUL GRC ITA KOS NMA SRB TUE 14 BLR est MLD 33 NCS 34 EAI IRN TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum arenarium subsp. janatae (Klokov) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 15: 342 (1969)

= Polygonum arenarium subsp. pulchellum (Loisel.) D.A.Webb & Chater

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. pulchellum (Loisel.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Fl. Països Catalans 2: 620 (1990)

= Polygonum aviculare var. aphyllum Hayne; Getreue Darstell. Gew. 5: 23 (1817)

= Polygonum debeauxii Le Grand; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 30: 71 (1883)

= Polygonum janatae Klokov; Mater. Ohor. Pryr. Ukrajini 1: 73 (1928)

= Polygonum patulum subsp. pulchellum (Loisel.) Leblebici; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42: 323 (1985)

= Polygonum pseudoarenarium subsp. janatae (Klokov) Vulf; Fl. Kryma 2(I): 80 (1947)

= Polygonum pulchellum Loisel.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 6: 411 (1827)

= Polygonum thevenaei Lesp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 6: 657 (1859)

species :

Polygonum arenastrum Boreau; Fl. Centre France ed. 3, 2: 559 (1857)

subspecies :

subsp. arenastrum

Name: Oval-leaf knotweed (EN), Gleichblättriger Vogelknöterich (DE)

Distribution: Iceland; Svalbard; Faeroe Isl.; England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (scattered mainland, Kerkyra, Ionian Isl., Thasos, Samothraki, Limnos, Evvoia, Milos); Crete (mountains); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; SE-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; ?Azores; Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Baghlan, Bamyan, Ghazni, Herat, Kabul, Logar, Paktia / Khost, Takhar); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (N-Saudi Arabia); Yemen (W-Yemen); China (Heilongjiang); Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram, Swat); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Alaska [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Labrador [I], N. W. T. [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Quebec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arizona [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], Nebraska [I], Nevada [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I], Wyoming [I]); Mexico [I]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Paraguay [I]; Uruguay [I]; Argentina [I]

10 DEN FIN FOR GRB ICE IRE NOR SVA SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 BAL CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 MDR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ TKM UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR TUR 35 SAU YEM 36 CHI 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO 40 IND PAK 50 aus 51 ctm nzl 70 ask cdn 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 83 ecu per 85 arg par uru

Remarks: aviculare agg., part of a highly complex, much disputed group. Circumscription unclear, see also P. aviculare

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum aequale Lindm.; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 6: 692 (1912)

= Polygonum aequale subvar. parvulum Moss; Cambr. Brit. Fl. 2: 127 (1914)

= Polygonum agreste Sumnev.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Uzbekistansk. Fil. Akad. Nauk SSSR 2: 12 (1940)

= Polygonum arenastrum var. depressum (Meisn.) Franco & Rocha Afonso; Stud. Bot. (Salamanca) 14: 172 (1995 publ. 1996)

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. aequale (Lindm.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 4: 848 (1913)

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. depressum (Meisn.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. 583 (1882)

= Polygonum aviculare var. arenastrum (Boreau) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 639 (1881)

= Polygonum aviculare var. procumbens (Gilib.) Hayne; Arzneygew. 5: 23 (1817)

= Polygonum berteroi Phil.; Linnaea 29: 38 (1857 publ. 1858)

= Polygonum ebracteatum Munshi & Javeid; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot., Addit. Ser. 2: 56 (1986)

= Polygonum gussonei Tod.; Fl. Sicula Exicc.: no. "102" (172) (1864) (in sched.) ex Ces., Pass. & Gibelli, Comp. Fl. Ital. [Ces.] 2(12): 262 (1874)

= Polygonum gymnopus Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 472 (1879)

= Polygonum maritimum J.Rémy; Gay, Fl. Chil. 4: 269 (1849), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum montereyense Brenckle; Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 166 (1942)

= Polygonum parvulum (Moss) P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 687 (2018)

= Polygonum planum Skvortsov; A. I. Baranov & Skvortsov Diagn. Pl. Nov. Mandsh. 5 (1943)

= Polygonum polyneuron Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 471 (1879)

= Polygonum procumbens Gilib.; Exerc. Phyt. 2: 434 (1792), opus utique oppr.

= Polygonum propinquum Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 3: 532 (1850)

= Polygonum prostratum Skvortsov; A. I. Baranov & Skvortsov Diagn. Pl. Nov. Mandsh. 5 (1943) (not R. Br. 1810, nor Roxb. ex D. Don 1825)

= Polygonum pycnophyllum Gand.; Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens. 1: 174 (1882)

= Polygonum sparsiflorum Vorosch.; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada, Moskva, No. 66, 62 (1967)

= Polygonum suifunense Vorosch. & N.S.Pavlova; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada 66: 62 (1967)

= Polygonum tatewakianum Ito; Sapporo Bull. Bot. Cárdenas Hokkaido Univ., No. 1, 83 (1963), et J. Jap. Bot. 39: 73 (1964)

= Polygonum tatewakianum var. notoroense Koji Ito; J. Jap. Bot. 39: 75 (1964)

subspecies :

subsp. calcatum (Lindm.) Wissk.; Wisskirchen & H. Haeupler, Standardliste Farn- und Blütenpfl. Deutschl.: 378 (1998)

Name: Kleinfrüchtiger Vogelknöterich

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Georgia [Caucasus]; etc.

11 GER 14 BLR EST LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 33 GEO

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum acetosellum Klokov; J. Agric. Bot., Charkov 1: Pt. 3, 171 (1927), nomen prov.

= Polygonum acetosellum Klokov ex Kom.; Fl. URSS 5: 622 (1936)

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. calcatum (Lindm.) Thell.; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 22: 120 (1913)

= Polygonum aviculare var. calcatum (Lindm.) Hyl.; Uppsala Univ. Årsskr. 7: 134 (1945)

= Polygonum calcatum Lindm.; Bot. Not., 139 (1904)

subspecies :

subsp. microspermum (Jord. ex Boreau) H.Scholz; Wisskirchen & H. Haeupler, Standardliste Farn- und Blütenpfl. Deutschl.: 378 (1998)

Name: Kleinfrüchtiger Gleichblättriger Vogelknöterich (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Sachsen); France; Andorra; Spain; etc.

11 GER 12 ADO FRA SPA

Remarks: Distribution incomplete

Synonyms: hidden

= Centinodia microsperma (Jord. ex Boreau) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. L. Lyon, n. s. 17: 146 (1869)

= Polygonum arenastrum var. microspermum (Jord. ex Boreau) Franco & Rocha Afonso; Stud. Bot. Univ. Salamanca 14: 174 (1995 publ. 1996)

= Polygonum aviculare proles microspermum (Jord. ex Boreau) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 12: 113 (1910)

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. microspermum (Jord. ex Boreau) Berher; Fl. Vosges, ed. 2: 195 (1887)

= Polygonum aviculare var. microspermum (Jord. ex Boreau) St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8 2: 714 (1889)

= Polygonum microspermum Jord. ex Boreau; Fl. Centre France, ed. 3 [Boreau] 2: 560 (1857)

species :

Polygonum argyrocoleum Steud. ex Kunze; Linnaea 20: 17 (1847)

Name: Silversheath knotweed

Distribution: Belarus; European Russia; Morocco; Algeria; Libya; W-Mauritania; Siberia (Altai); Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, N-Iran, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Kandahar, Nangarhar, Samangan); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria); Israel (Rift Valley, N-Israel, N-Negev Desert); Saudi Arabia (Asir, NE-Saudi Arabia); Kuwait; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; China (Gansu, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Xinjiang); Mongolia; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Quetta); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I]); Hawaii [I] (East Maui [I]); USA [I] (Arizona [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Florida [I], Idaho [I], Louisiana [I], Massachusetts [I], Missouri [I], Nevada [I], New Mexico [I], North Carolina [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], West Virginia [I]); Mexico [I]

14 BLR RUS 20 ALG LBY MOR 22 MTN 30 SIB 31 rfe 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN IRQ ISR SYR 35 KUW QAT SAU UAE 36 CHI 37 MON 40 PAK 50 aus 63 haw 73 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum chlorocoleum Steud. ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4: 1034 (1879)

= Polygonum deciduum Boiss. & Noë ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14(1): 99 (1856)

= Polygonum noeanum Boiss.; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 11: 734 (1853)

species :

Polygonum arussense Chiov.; Ann. Bot., Roma 10: 403 (1912)

Distribution: S-Ethiopia

24 ETH

Remarks: only known from type collected in 1909

species :

Polygonum aschersonianum H.Gross; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 34 1 (1913)

Distribution: SE-European Russia; Northern Caucasus

14 RUS 33 NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum samarense H.Gross; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 340 (1913)

= Polygonum scythicum Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 4: 650 (1952)

species :

Polygonum austiniae Greene; Bull. Calif. Acad. 1: 4: 212 (1885)

Name: Austin knotweed

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington State, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum douglasii subsp. austiniae (Greene) A.E.Murray; Kalmia, also published by J. C. Hickman in Madroño 12: 23 (1982) 31(4): 250 (1984)

= Polygonum douglasii var. austiniae (Greene) M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 12: 75 (1908)

species :

Polygonum aviculare L.; Sp. Pl.: 362 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. aviculare

Name: Prostrate knotweed (EN); Echter Vogel-Knöterich (DE); Hierba de los pajaros (ES)

Distribution: Iceland; Svalbard; Faeroe Isl.; England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (scattered mainland, Limnos, Kerkyra); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NE-Egypt, Nile Delta, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt); Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma Isl., Hierro); Chad [I]; Angola [I]; Zambia [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; Namibia [I]; South Africa [I] (widespread); Lesotho [I]; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Samos, Kos, Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Bamyan, Faryab, Ghorat, Helmand, Herat, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Qunduz, Takhar); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai); Saudi Arabia (N-Saudi Arabia, Asir); Yemen (W-Yemen); China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram, Chitral, Murree, Swat); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Ladakh, Zanskar, Poonch); Myanmar; Vietnam; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Northern Territory [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Auckland Isl. [I]; Hawaii [I] (Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); Alaska [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], N. W. T. [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Quebec [I], Saskatchewan [I], Yukon [I]); St. Pierre and Miquelon [I]; USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arizona [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], District of Columbia [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Kansas [I], Louisiana [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Montana [I], Nebraska [I], Nevada [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], Wyoming [I]); Mexico [I]; Colombia [I]; Bolivia [I]; Chile [I] (Arica y Parinacota [I], Tarapacá [I], Antofagasta [I], Atacama [I], Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Araucanía [I], Los Rios [I], Los Lagos [I], Aisén [I], Magallanes [I]); Juan Fdz. Isl. [I]; Tristan da Cunha [I]

10 DEN FIN FOR GRB ICE IRE NOR SVA SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL CIS COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA PEL PTL ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY MDR 24 cha 26 ang zam zim 27 les nam saf 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 SAU YEM 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO NNS TAI 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA VIE 50 aus 51 auc ctm nzl 63 haw 70 ask cdn 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 82 clm 83 bol 85 cle jnf 91 tdc

Remarks: aviculare agg., part of a highly complex, much disputed group. Circumscription unclear, see also P. arenastrum

Synonyms: hidden

= Avicularia avicularis (L.) Börner; 419 (1912)

= Avicularia vulgaris (L.) Didr.; Bot. Not. 187 (1850)

= Centinodia avicularis (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. L. Lyon, n. s. 17: 146 (1869)

= Centinodia humifusa (Jord. ex Boreau) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. L. Lyon, n. s. 17: 146 (1869)

= Centinodium aviculare (L.) Drejer; Fl. Excurs. Hafn.: 151 (1838)

= Centinodium axillare Montandon; Friche-Joset, Syn. Fl. Jura: 270 (1856)

= Polygonum acmophyllum Gand.; Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens. 1: 172 (1882)

= Polygonum acutifolium Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 587 (1866)

= Polygonum angustum Bellynck; 220 (1855)

= Polygonum arenarium Raf.; Amer. Monthly Mag. & Crit. Rev. 1: 120 (1817), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum aviculare f. czarnohorense Zapal.; 591 (1907)

= Polygonum aviculare f. erectum J.X.Li & Y.M.Zhang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 16: 512 (2001), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum aviculare f. littoralis (Link) Lindm.; Bot. Not. 1896: 75 (1896)

= Polygonum aviculare f. parvulum Zapal.; 590 (1907)

= Polygonum aviculare f. rigidum J.G.Laurell; Bot. Not. 1898: 100 (1898)

= Polygonum aviculare proles littorale (Link) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 12: 113 (1910)

= Polygonum aviculare proles monspeliense (Pers.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 12: 114 (1910)

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. erectum (Roth) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg: 258 (1834)

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. erectum Walther; 321 (1802)

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. heterophyllum (Lindm.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 4: 848 (1913)

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. humifusum (Jord. ex Boreau) Berher; Louis, Fl. Vosges, éd. 2: 195 (1887)

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. latifolium Ehrh.; Hannover. Mag. 18: 221 (1780), nom. inval.

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. littorale (Link) Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 652 (1878)

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. littorale Rouy; Prosp. Fl. Franç.: 225 (1927), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. monspeliense (Thiéb.-Bern. ex Pers.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 583 (1882)

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. nanum (Bory) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 583 (1882)

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. nudicaule Walther; 321 (1802)

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. serotinum Walther; 321 (1802)

= Polygonum aviculare subvar. denudatum (Boreau) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 2(3): 639 (1881)

= Polygonum aviculare subvar. humifusum Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 639 (1881)

= Polygonum aviculare var. adscendens J.Becker; 161 (1827)

= Polygonum aviculare var. angustifolium Ehrh.; 15 (1790)

= Polygonum aviculare var. angustifolium Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 271 (1821 publ. 1822), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum aviculare var. angustifolium Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 237 (1803)

= Polygonum aviculare var. aphyllum Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. 1: 226 (1823)

= Polygonum aviculare var. arenarium Dierb.; 32 (1826)

= Polygonum aviculare var. arenarium Gren. & Godr.; 53 (1855), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum aviculare var. brevifolium Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 271 (1821 publ. 1822)

= Polygonum aviculare var. campestre H.Post; Bot. Not. 1844: 141 (1844)

= Polygonum aviculare var. condensatum J.Becker; Fl. Frankfurt 1: 161 (1828)

= Polygonum aviculare var. denudatum Desv.; Observ. Pl. Angers: 98 (1818)

= Polygonum aviculare var. diffusum Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 97 (1856)

= Polygonum aviculare var. erectum Roth; 174 (1788), nom. inval., et 455 (1789), non L.

= Polygonum aviculare var. erectum Schultz; 103 (1806), nom. inval.

= Polygonum aviculare var. exiguum Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 3: 44 (1828)

= Polygonum aviculare var. eximium (Lindm.) Asch. & Graebn.

= Polygonum aviculare var. gracilis N.Coleman; Cat. Fl. Pl. S. Pen. Michigan: 32 (1874)

= Polygonum aviculare var. heterophyllum (Lindm.) Munshi & Javeid; Syst. Stud. Polygonac. Kashmir Himalaya (J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. Addit. Ser. 2): 55 (1986)

= Polygonum aviculare var. humifusum (Jord. ex Boreau) St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8 2: 714 (1889)

= Polygonum aviculare var. latifolium Coss. & Germ.; Fl. Descr. Anal. Paris: 467 (1845), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum aviculare var. latifolium Desv.; Observ. Pl. Angers: 98 (1818), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum aviculare var. latifolium Ehrh.; 15 (1790), nom. inval.

= Polygonum aviculare var. latifolium Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 237 (1803)

= Polygonum aviculare var. latifolium S.Watson; Botany [Fortieth Parallel]: 315 (1871), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum aviculare var. latifolium Schultz; 103 (1806), nom. inval.

= Polygonum aviculare var. laxum Meisn.; Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 3: 532 (1850)

= Polygonum aviculare var. littorale (Link) Bluff & Fingerh.; 510 (1825)

= Polygonum aviculare var. littorale Chapm.; Fl. South. U.S.: 390 (1860), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum aviculare var. littorale Mack. & Bush; Man. Fl. Jackson County: 78 (1902), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum aviculare var. littorale Mert.; Röhling, Deutschl. Fl., ed. 3, 3: 59 (1831)

= Polygonum aviculare var. longifolium Desv.; Observ. Pl. Angers: 98 (1818)

= Polygonum aviculare var. marinum Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 271 (1821 publ. 1822)

= Polygonum aviculare var. microphyllum Desv.; Observ. Pl. Angers: 98 (1818)

= Polygonum aviculare var. minimum Murith; Guide Bot.: 86 (1810)

= Polygonum aviculare var. monspeliense (Thiéb.-Bern. ex Pers.) Asch.; Fl. Brandenburg 1: 591 (1864)

= Polygonum aviculare var. nanum (Bory) Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 554 (1842)

= Polygonum aviculare var. parvulum Zapal.; Fl. Galic. Crit. 2: 124 (1908)

= Polygonum aviculare var. paucicarpum Sennen & Elías; Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.) 1921: no. 4296 (1922), nomen

= Polygonum aviculare var. polycnemiforme Lecoq & Lamotte; Cat. Pl. Plateau Central: 322 (1847)

= Polygonum aviculare var. polycnemum Rchb.; 573 (1832)

= Polygonum aviculare var. procumbens Hayne; Getreue Darstell. Gew. 5: 23 (1817)

= Polygonum aviculare var. prostratum Wibel; Prim. fl. Werthemensis 223 (1799), nom. inval.

= Polygonum aviculare var. rotundifolium Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 271 (1821 publ. 1822)

= Polygonum aviculare var. saxatile Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 3: 44 (1828)

= Polygonum aviculare var. scabrellum Torr.; C. Wilkes, U.S. Expl. Exped. 17(Bot. 2): 446 (1874)

= Polygonum aviculare var. triviale Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 2: 573 (1832)

= Polygonum aviculare var. vegetum Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.) 3(2.10): 532 (1850)

= Polygonum aviculare var. vulgare Desv.; Observ. Pl. Angers: 98 (1818)

= Polygonum aviculare var. vulgatum Hook.f.; 310 (1870)

= Polygonum baltistanicum Chaudhri; Pakistan Syst. 3: 30 (1987)

= Polygonum bellardii subsp. dissitiflorum Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 3: 639 (1881)

= Polygonum buxifolium Nutt. ex Bong.; Veg. Sitcha: 43 (1833), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum caballeroi Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 91: 491 (1895)

= Polygonum caducifolium Vorosch.; Fl. Sovetsk. Dal´n. Vost.: 168 (1966)

= Polygonum centinodium Lam.; Fl. Franç. 3: 237 (1779)

= Polygonum centrale Bomble; Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins 14: 46 (2023)

= Polygonum chamaechyton P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 687 (2018), nom. nov. for Polygonum humifusum Jord. ex Boreau

= Polygonum chymophyllum Gand.; Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens. 1: 149 (1882)

= Polygonum crispatum Gand.; Dec. Pl. Nov. 2: 11 (1876), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum delfini Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 110: 490 (1895)

= Polygonum deloynei Gand.; Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens. 1: 171 (1882)

= Polygonum denudatum Boreau; Fl. Centr. Fr. ed. III. 2: 559 (1857)

= Polygonum dissitiflorum Bianca; Giorn. Gab. Lett. Accad. Gioenia ser. 3, 4: 268 (1858)

= Polygonum dissitiflorum Bianca ex Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. 2(2): 311 (1907), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum dissitiflorum var. minutum Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. 2(2): 311 (1907)

= Polygonum dissitiflorum var. rufo-ochreactum Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. 2(2): 311 (1907)

= Polygonum dissitiflorum var. tortuosum Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. 2(2): 311 (1907)

= Polygonum dissitiflorum var. virgatum Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. 2(2): 311 (1907)

= Polygonum dregeanum Meisn.; Linnaea 14: 487 (1840)

= Polygonum erectum Roth; Beytr. Bot. 2: 131 (1783) non L., Sp. Pl.: 363 (1753)

= Polygonum erythranthum Gand.; Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens. 1: 173 (1882)

= Polygonum fallax Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 46 (1897)

= Polygonum floridum (Winterl) Borbás; Balaton Tavának Növényföldr.: 341 (1900)

= Polygonum franktonii S.J.Wolf & McNeill; Rhodora 88: 474 (1986)

= Polygonum ganderbalense Munshi & Javeid; Syst. Stud. Polygonac. Kashmir Himalaya (J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. Addit. Ser. 2): 55 (1986), as ´ganderbalensis´

= Polygonum geniculatum Poir.; Lam., Encycl. 6: 147 (1804)

= Polygonum glaucochloros Gand.; Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens. 1: 169 (1882)

= Polygonum gracile Guss.; Enum. Pl. Inarime: 285 (1855) non Salisb., Prodr.: 259 (1796) nom. illeg.

= Polygonum heterophyllum f. rubescens (Small) Brenckle; Phytologia 3: 362 (1950)

= Polygonum heterophyllum Lindm.; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 6: 690 (1912), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum heterophyllum var. caespitosum Lindm.; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 6: 691 (1912)

= Polygonum heterophyllum var. eximium Lindm.; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 6: 691 (1912)

= Polygonum heterophyllum var. rubescens (Small) R.J.Davis; Madroño 11: 144 (1951)

= Polygonum humifusum Jord. ex Boreau; Fl. Cent. Fr. ed. III. 2: 560 (1857), nom. illeg., non Mert. ex Koch 1849

= Polygonum hygrogenes Gand.; Dec. Pl. Nov. 2: 11 (1876)

= Polygonum latifolium Giesecke ex Lange; Consp. Fl. Groenland. 1: 105 (1881)

= Polygonum leptocladum Gand.; Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens. 1: 170 (1882)

= Polygonum ligerinum Gand.; Dec. Pl. Nov. 2: 13 (1876)

= Polygonum littorale (Mert.) C.Regel; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 82(1): 89 (1935), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum littorale Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 385 (1821), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum meyenii K.Koch; Linnaea 22: 205 (1849)

= Polygonum microphyllum Ruiz ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 98 (1856), nom. inval.

= Polygonum monspeliense Thiéb.-Bern. ex Pers.; Syn. Pl. 1: 439 (1805)

= Polygonum myriocladum Gand.; Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens. 1: 172 (1882)

= Polygonum nanum Bory; Ann. Gen. Sci. Phys. 3: 12 (1820)

= Polygonum neolittorale P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 687 (2018)

= Polygonum oenophyton Gand.; Fl. Lyon.: 194 (1875)

= Polygonum orogenes Gand.; Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens. 1: 149 (1882)

= Polygonum pallens Gand.; Dec. Pl. Nov. 2: 14 (1876), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum parviflorum Schott; Isis (Oken) 2: 822 (1818)

= Polygonum phyllophorum Gand.; Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens. 1: 169 (1882)

= Polygonum pictaviense Gand.; Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens. 1: 150 (1882)

= Polygonum pleianthum Gand.; Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens. 1: 170 (1882)

= Polygonum polycnemiforme (Lecoq & Lamotte) Boreau; Fl. Centre France, éd. 3 2: 559 (1857)

= Polygonum rhodanense Gand.; Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens. 1: 151 (1882)

= Polygonum rubescens Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 56 (1906)

= Polygonum salsuginosum Wallr.; Linnaea 14: 568 (1841), nom. inval.

= Polygonum striatum K.Koch; Linnaea 22: 206 (1849)

= Polygonum stricticaule Gand.; Dec. Pl. Nov. 2: 33 (1876)

= Polygonum telonense Gand.; Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens. 1: 151 (1882)

= Polygonum uruguense H.Gross; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 345 (1913)

subspecies :

subsp. buxiforme (Small) Costea & Tardif; Sida 20: 988 (2003)

Name: Box knotweed

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Labrador, N. W. T., Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington State, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming); Costa Rica [I]

70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 80 cos

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum aviculare var. buxiforme (Small) Tiehm; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 17(1): 28 (2023)

= Polygonum buxiforme Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 56 (1906)

= Polygonum littorale var. sitchense Small; Mem. Dept. Bot. Columbia Coll. 1: 102 (1895)

subspecies :

subsp. neglectum (Besser) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. 583 (1882)

Name: Unbeachteter Echter Vogelknöterich (DE)

Distribution: C-Europe; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Sachsen, Thüringen); Greece (widespread mainland, some islands); Crete (mountains); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; European Russia; Moldova; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Rhodos); Alaska [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Quebec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arizona [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Connecticut [I], Georgia [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Mississippi [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], Nebraska [I], Nevada [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wyoming [I]); etc.

11 GER 13 GRC KRI 14 BLR EST LAT LIT MLD RUS 30 SIB 32 KAZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 EAI 70 ask 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Centinodia agrestina (Jord. ex Boreau) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. L. Lyon, n. s. 17: 146 (1869)

= Polygonum aequale subsp. oedocarpum (Lindm.) Lindm.; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 6: 693 (1912)

= Polygonum aequale var. platycarpum Koji Ito; J. Jap. Bot. 39: 70 (1964)

= Polygonum agrestinum Jord. ex Boreau; Fl. Cent. Fr. ed. III. 2: 559 (1857)

= Polygonum alpinum var. foliosum (R.Keller) Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 19: 360 (1892)

= Polygonum aviculare proles neglectum (Besser) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 12: 113 (1910)

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. agrestinum (Jord. ex Boreau) Berher; Louis, Fl. Vosges, éd. 2: 195 (1887)

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. rectum Chrtek; Preslia 28(4): 365 (-366) (1956)

= Polygonum aviculare var. agrestinum (Jord. ex Boreau) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 639 (1881)

= Polygonum aviculare var. neglectum (Besser) Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 2: 573 (1832)

= Polygonum aviculare var. neglectum (Besser) S.L.Welsh; Utah Fl., ed. 5. 569 (2015), isonym

= Polygonum aviculare var. oedocarpum (Lindm.) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rer. Nat. Bohem. Occid., Bot. 21: 5 (1984)

= Polygonum aviculare var. virgatum Peterm.

= Polygonum neglectum Besser; Enum. Pl. Volh.: 45 (1821)

= Polygonum neglectum subsp. rectum (Chrtek) Tzvelev; Fl. Vostochnoi Evropy 9: 143 (1996)

= Polygonum nervosum Wallr.; Linnaea 14: 568, Beitr. Fl. Hercyn. 198 (1840)

= Polygonum oedocarpum (Lindm.) P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 687 (2018)

= Polygonum provinciale K.Koch; Linnaea 22: 204 (1849)

= Polygonum rectum (Chrtek) H.Scholz; Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ger. 72: 65 (1959)

= Polygonum rectum subsp. virgatum (Peterm.) H.Scholz

subspecies :

subsp. rurivagum (Boreau) Berher; Louis, Dep. Vosges 2: 195 (1887)

Name: Unbeständiger Vogelknöterich (DE)

Distribution: Sweden; Finland; Germany; Switzerland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; San Marino [I]; North Macedonia; Bulgaria; Greece (very rare); Crete (very rare); Estonia [I]; Belarus; W-European Russia; Moldova; ?Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); Northern Caucasus; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Quebec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (California [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Maine [I], Massachusetts [I], New York [I], Rhode Island [I], South Dakota [I], West Virginia [I])

10 FIN SWE 11 CZE GER HUN SLO SWI 12 BAL CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 BUL GRC ITA KRI MLT NMA SIC sma 14 BLR est MLD 20 ALG MOR TUN 30 SIB 31 rfe 33 NCS 71 cdn 72 cdn 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Centinodia rurivaga (Jord. ex Boreau) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. L. Lyon, n. s. 17: 146 (1869)

= Polygonum aviculare proles rurivagum (Jord. ex Boreau) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 12: 114 (1910)

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. rurivagum (Jord. ex Boreau) O.Bolòs & Vigo; But. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., 38 Bot. 1: 86 (1974)

= Polygonum aviculare var. angustissimum Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 98 (1856)

= Polygonum aviculare var. rurivagum (Jord. ex Boreau) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 639 (1881)

= Polygonum elongatum Sennen & Elías; Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.) 1925: no. 5603 (1925)

= Polygonum heterophyllum subsp. rurivagum (Jord. ex Boreau) Lindm.; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 6: 691 (1912)

= Polygonum heterophyllum var. angustissimum (Meisn.) Lindm.; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 6: 691 (1912)

= Polygonum mucronulatum var. albiflorum Sennen & Elías; Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.) 1921: no. 4295 (1922), nomen

= Polygonum mucronulatum var. rubrifolium Sennen & Elías; Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.) 1921: no. 4294 (1922), nomen

= Polygonum rurivagum Jord. ex Boreau; Fl. Centre France ed. 3, 2: 560 (1857)

species :

Polygonum balansae Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 4: 78 (1859)

subspecies :

subsp. balansae

Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia

20 ALG MOR TUN

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum balansae var. suffruticosum Font Quer; Font Quer, Iter Marocc. 1930 no. 164, in sched. (1932)

variant :

var. tectifolium Svent. & Kahne; Sommerfeltia 17: 1-295 (1993)

Distribution: Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife)

21 CNY

subspecies :

subsp. battandieri (Maire & Sennen) Greuter & Burdet; Willdenowia 16: 451 (1987)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. battandieri Maire & Sennen; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 214 (1932)

= Polygonum balansae var. battandieri (Maire & Sennen) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. T. 261 (1961)

= Polygonum battandieri (Maire & Sennen) Vindt; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 31: 35 (1952)

subspecies :

subsp. elongatum Maire & Weiller ex Dobignard; Index Syn. Fl. Afrique N. 5: 366 (2013)

Distribution: Morocco; Algeria

20 ALG MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum balansae var. elongatum Maire & Weiller; [nom. inval.]

subspecies :

subsp. induratum (Asch. & Barbey) Greuter & Burdet; Willdenowia 16: 451 (1987)

Distribution: Libya

20 LBY

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. induratum (Asch. & Barbey) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 25: 317 (1934)

= Polygonum balansae var. induratum (Asch. & Barbey) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. T. 261 (1961)

= Polygonum induratum Asch. & Barbey; E. A. Durand & Barratte, Fl. Libyc. Prodr.: 210 (1910)

subspecies :

subsp. rhizoxylon (Pau & Font Quer) Greuter & Burdet; Willdenowia 16: 451 (1987)

Distribution: Morocco; Algeria

20 ALG MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. rhizoxylon (Pau & Font Quer) Emb. & Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 21-22: 47 (1930)

= Polygonum balansae var. rhizoxylon (Pau & Font Quer) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 7: 261 (1961)

= Polygonum rhizoxylon Pau & Font Quer; Font Quer, Iter Marocc. 1927: n 146 (1928) (in sched.), et Cavanillesia 1: 47 (1928), nomen

species :

Polygonum bellardii All.; Fl. Pedem. 2: 207 (1785)

Name: Narrowleaf knotweed (EN), Ungarischer Vogelknöterich (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (scattered mainland, Thasos, Samothraki, Limnos, Milos); European Russia; Moldova; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Desert Oases, Nile Delta, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt); Namibia [I]; Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Khabarovsk [I], Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, N-Negev Desert, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, Asir); Kuwait; Qatar; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram, Dir, Chitral); Australia [I] (South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I]); Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Quebec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (Arkansas [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Iowa [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kansas [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], North Dakota [I], Nebraska [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Dakota [I], Vermont [I], Wisconsin [I])

11 ger HUN SLO 12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT PTL SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 KRY MLD RUS 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 27 nam 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 KUW QAT SAU 40 PAK 50 aus 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa

Remarks: bellardii agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Centinodia bellardii (All.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. L. Lyon, n. s. 17: 146 (1869)

= Polygonum arenarium Loisel.; Nouv. Not. Fl. France: 18 (1827), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. bellardii (All.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France: 274 (1894)

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. bellardii (All.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Fl. Països Catalans 2: 619 (1990), isonym

= Polygonum aviculare var. bellardii (All.) Duby; Bot. Gall., ed. 2, 1: 405 (1828)

= Polygonum bellardii subsp. dissitiflorum Guss. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 639 (1881)

= Polygonum bellardii var. aphyllum Costa; Fl. Catal., Suppl.: 69: 69 (1872)

= Polygonum bellardii var. densa Pastor & Aparicio; Lagascalia 14: 133 (1986)

= Polygonum bellardii var. effusum Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14(1): 99 (1856)

= Polygonum bellardii var. kitaibelianum (Sadler) P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 687 (2018)

= Polygonum bellardii var. virgatum (Loisel.) Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14(1): 99 (1856)

= Polygonum flagellare Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16. 2: 255 (1825), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum flagelliforme Loisel.; Mem. Soc. L. Par. 6: 409 (1827)

= Polygonum flavescens Jord. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 3: 639 (1881)

= Polygonum gmelinii Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 99 (1856), nom. inval.

= Polygonum kitaibelianum Sadler; Fl. Comit. Pest. 1: 287 (1825)

= Polygonum laxiflorum Pall. ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 99 (1856), nom. inval.

= Polygonum monspeliense Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Prod. 1: 470 (1827)

= Polygonum nudum Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées: 169 (1867)

= Polygonum patulum subsp. kitaibelianum (Sadler) Asch. & Graebn.

= Polygonum patulum var. virgatum (Loisel.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 12: 108 (1910)

= Polygonum ramiflorum Janka; Linnaea 30: 599 (1859 publ. 1860)

= Polygonum reticulatum K.Koch; Linnaea 22: 200 (1849)

= Polygonum rubriflorum Friv. ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 99 (1856), nom. inval.

= Polygonum strictum Ledeb.; Fl. Altaic. 2: 86 (1830), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum tiflisiense Kom.; Fl. URSS 5: 633, 720 (1936)

= Polygonum virgatum Loisel.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 6: 410 (1827)

species :

Polygonum biaristatum Aitch. & Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc. 18: 90 (1880)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Kabul, Parwan); Pakistan (Kurram, Chitral); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)

32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG 40 IND PAK

species :

Polygonum bidwelliae S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 14: 294 (1879)

Name: Bidwell´s knotweed

Distribution: USA (California)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Duravia bidwelliae (S.Watson) Greene; Leaflets, Bot. Obs. 1: 23 (1904)

species :

Polygonum bolanderi W.H.Brewer ex A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 400 (1873)

Name: Bolander´s knotweed

Distribution: USA (California)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Duravia bolanderi (W.H.Brewer) Greene; Leaflets, Bot. Obs. 1: 23 (1904)

species :

Polygonum boreale (Lange) Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 21: 479 (1894)

Distribution: Iceland; Faeroe Isl.; England; Norway; Sweden; Finland; European Russia; Siberia (W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Greenland; Canada (Labrador)

10 FIN FOR GRB ICE NOR SWE 14 RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 70 GNL 72 CDN

Remarks: aviculare agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum arenastrum subsp. boreale (Lange) Á.Löve; Taxon 19: 300 (1970)

= Polygonum aviculare var. boreale Lange; Consp. Fl. Groenland. 1: 105 (1880)

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. boreale (Lange) Karlsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr 91(5): 249 (1997 publ. 1998)

= Polygonum heterophyllum subsp. boreale (Lange) Á.Löve & D.Löve; (non rite publ.)

= Polygonum islandicum Meisn. ex Small; Mem. Dept. Bot. Columbia Coll. 1: 108 (1895), nom. illeg.

species :

Polygonum borgoicum Tupitz.; Fl. Sibir. (Salicac.-Amaranthac.) 5: 129 (1992), nom. inval.

Distribution: Siberia (C-Siberia)

30 SIB

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Polygonum bornmuelleri Litv.; Trav. Mus. Bot. Acad. Petersb. Yii. 82 (1910)

Distribution: Uzbekistan; Tajikistan

32 TZK UZB

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum fragile Sumnev.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Uzbekistansk. Fil. Akad. Nauk SSSR 2: 18 (1940)

species :

Polygonum bowenkampii Phil.; Linnaea 33(2): 225 (1864)

Distribution: Chile (Metropolitana de Santiago)

85 CLE

species :

Polygonum brasiliense K.Koch; Linnaea 22: 206 (1849)

Distribution: Uruguay (San Jose); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Chubut, Cordoba, Entre Rios, Jujuy, La Pampa, La Rioja, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Salta, Santa Cruz, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, San Juan, San Luis, Tierra del Fuego, Tucuman); Chile (Aisén, Magallanes)

85 ARG CLE URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum aviculare var. montevidense Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 50 (1828)

= Polygonum camporum Meisn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 5(1): 21 (1855)

= Polygonum camporum var. australe Meisn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 5(1): 22 (1855)

= Polygonum flagelliforme Wedd.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 13: 80 (1849), nom. illeg.

species :

Polygonum breviarticulatum Rech.f.; Fl. Iran. Lief. 56, 76 (1968)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Helmand, Kandahar)

34 AFG

species :

Polygonum californicum Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 100 (1856)

Name: California knotweed

Distribution: USA (California, Oregon, Washington State)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Duravia californica (Meisn.) Greene; Leaflets, Bot. Obs. 1: 23 (1904)

= Duravia greenei (S.Watson) Greene; Leaflets, Bot. Obs. 1: 23 (1904)

= Polygonum greenei S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 14: 295 (1879)

species :

Polygonum cappadocicum Boiss. & Balansa; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 4: 78 (1859)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Polygonum cascadense W.H.Baker; Madrono 10: 62 (1949)

Name: Cascade knotweed

Distribution: USA (Oregon)

73 USA

species :

Polygonum cashmirense H.Gross; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 342 (1913)

Distribution: NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)

40 IND

Remarks: status unconfirmed

species :

Polygonum caspicum Kom.; Fl. URSS 5: 623, 721 (1936)

Distribution: Siberia (Krasnoyarsk); Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan; Iran

30 SIB 33 AZE GEO 34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum araraticum Kom.; Fl. URSS 5: 621, 720 (1936)

= Polygonum arenastrum subsp. caspicum (Kom.) Tzvelev; Fl. Vostochnoi Evropy 9: 146 (1996)

= Polygonum arenastrum var. caspicum (Kom.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 26: 69 (1989)

= Polygonum lencoranicum Kom.; Fl. URSS 5: 613, 719 (1936)

= Polygonum littorale Meisn.; 1856 non Link (1821)

species :

Polygonum cedrorum Boiss. & Kotschy ex Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 2, 4: 77 (1859)

Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria, Jbel Druze)

34 LEB SYR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum libani var. cedrorum (Boiss. & Kotschy) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4: 1040 (1879)

species :

Polygonum chaturbhujanum K.C.Mohan; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 61(1): 25-28 (2024)

Distribution: India (Maharashtra)

40 IND

species :

Polygonum cognatum Meisn.; Monogr. Polygon.: 91 (1826)

subspecies :

subsp. cognatum

Distribution: England [I]; France [I]; Bulgaria; Siberia (Altai); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Kyrgyzstan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); China (Nei Mongol, Xinjiang); ?Tibet; Mongolia; Pakistan (Kurram, Chitral, Hazara, Gilgit, Deosai, Baltistan); Nepal; NW-India (Dras, Ladakh, Zanskar, Jammu & Kashmir)

10 grb 12 fra 13 BUL 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ LEB SYR TUR 36 CHI 37 MON 40 IND NEP PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum affine Stephan ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16. 2: 256 (1825), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum alpestre C.A.Mey.; Verz. Pfl. Casp. Meer. 157 (1831) (non Wender. 1831)

= Polygonum alpestre var. ammanioides (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4(2): 1038 (1879)

= Polygonum ammannoides Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 2: 28 (1844)

= Polygonum cognatum var. alpestre (C.A.Mey.) Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 96 (1856)

= Polygonum cognatum var. ammannoides (Jaub. & Spach) Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 96 (1856)

= Polygonum confertum Royle ex Bab.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 18: 116 (1838)

= Polygonum libanoticum Ehrenb. ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 96 (1856), nom. inval.

= Polygonum maritimum Eichw.; Pl. Nov.: 23 (1835), nom. illeg., non L.

= Polygonum monticola Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 376 (1841), nom. inval.

= Polygonum myriophyllum H.Gross; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 344 (1913)

= Polygonum pluriflorum K.Koch; Linnaea 22: 202 (1849)

= Polygonum rupestre Kar. & Kir.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 15: 710 (1842)

variant :

var. myrtillifolium (Kom.) Yurtseva; Wulfenia 19: 172 (2012)

Distribution: Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan)

32 TZK 34 AFG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum longipedicellatum Zakirov; Notul. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. & Zool. Acad. Sci. Uzbekistan. 10: 6 (1948)

= Polygonum myrtillifolium Kom.; Fl. URSS 5: 608, 718 (1936)

variant :

var. serpyllaceum (Jaub. & Spach) Yurtseva; Wulfenia 19: 170 (2012)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Baghlan, Bamyan, Ghazni, Kabul); Pakistan (Kurram)

32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN 40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum kudrjaschevii Vassilkovsk.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Uzbekistansk. Fil. Akad. Nauk SSSR 2: 3 (1940)

= Polygonum pamiroalaicum Kom.; Fl. URSS 5: 719 (1936)

= Polygonum radicosum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4: 1039 (1879)

= Polygonum serpyllaceum Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 2: 24, t. 117 (1844)

subspecies :

subsp. chitralicum (Rech.f. & Schiman-Czeika) Qaiser; Fl. Pakistan 205: 84 (2001)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Wakhan, Kunar / Nuristan); W-Pakistan (Chitral)

34 AFG 40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum chitralicum Rech.f. & Schiman-Czeika; Rech.f., Fl. Iran. Lief. 56, 66 (1968)

species :

Polygonum corrigioloides Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 2: 34, t. 124 (1845)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Azerbaijan (incl. Talysh); Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, S-Iran); Afghanistan (Wakhan, Baghlan, Herat, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Logar, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost, Parwan); Syria (Jazira); N-Yemen; Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan, N. W. Frontier Prov., Peshawar, Chitral)

32 KAZ TKM TZK UZB 33 AZE 34 AFG IRN IRQ SYR 35 YEM 40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum myrianthum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4: 1034 (1879)

species :

Polygonum czukavinae Soják; Preslia 46(2): 150 (1974), nom. nov.

Distribution: Tajikistan

32 TZK

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum paradoxum Czukav.; Novit. Syst. Pl. Vasc., Acad. Sci. URSS, 87 (1966) non H. Lév. (1909) nec T. C. E. Fr. (1924)

species :

Polygonum douglasii Greene; Bull. Calif. Acad. i. n. III. 125 (1885)

Name: Douglas´ knotweed

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington State, Wyoming); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Sonora)

70 CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum buxiforme f. montanum Brenckle; Phytologia 3: 363 (1950)

= Polygonum buxiforme var. montanum (Brenckle) R.J.Davis; Madroño 11: 143 (1951)

= Polygonum commixtum Greene; Pl. Baker. 3: 14 (1901)

= Polygonum crassum var. angustifolium Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. 2(2): 309 (1907)

= Polygonum crassum var. magnum Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. 2(2): 308 (1907)

= Polygonum douglasii var. latifolium (Engelm.) Greene; Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1(3): 125 (1885)

= Polygonum douglasii var. montanum Small; Mem. Dept. Bot. Columbia Coll. 1: 118 (1895)

= Polygonum howellii Greene; Pl. Baker. 3: 14 (1901)

= Polygonum montanum (Small) Greene; Pl. Baker. [Greene] 3: 13 (1901)

= Polygonum pannosum S.S.Sharp ex A.Nelson; Bot. Gaz. 56: 64 (1913)

= Polygonum tenue var. commune Engelm.; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 15: 75, adnot. (1863)

= Polygonum tenue var. latifolium Engelm.; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia [15]: 75, adnot. (1863)

= Polygonum vagans Greene; Pittonia 5: 202 (1903)

species :

Polygonum effusum Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 93 (1857)

Distribution: India (Assam, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Manipur, Uttarakhand); Bangladesh

40 BAN IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum plebeium var. effusum (Meisn.) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit India 5: 28 (1886)

species :

Polygonum ekimianum Leblebici, H.Duman & Aytaç; Willdenowia 23(1-2): 163 (1993)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Polygonum engelmannii Greene; Bull. Calif. Acad. 1: n. III. 126 (1885)

Name: Engelmann´s knotweed

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum consimile Greene; Pittonia 5: 202 (1903)

= Polygonum douglasii subsp. engelmannii (Greene) J.T.Kartesz & Gandhi; Phytologia 68: 424 (1990)

= Polygonum douglasii var. consimile (Greene) Small; Rydb., Fl. Colorado: 111 (1906)

= Polygonum douglasii var. microspermum (Engelm.) Dorn; Vasc. Pl. Wyoming: 299 (1988)

= Polygonum microspermum (Engelm.) Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 19: 366 (1892), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum microspermum E.Sheld.; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 1: 70 (1894), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum tenue var. microspermum Engelm.; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 15: 75 (1863 publ. 1864)

species :

Polygonum equisetiforme Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. 1: 266 (1809)

Name: Schachtelhalm-Knöterich (DE); Horsetail Knotweed (EN); Treintanudos fino (ES)

Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Sicily; Pantelleria; Malta; European Turkey; Greece (Sporades, Skiros, Argolis, Evvoia, Kerkyra, Kefalonia, Paros, Thira, Astipalea); Crete; Morocco; Western Sahara; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Desert Oases, Eastern Desert, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, Nile Delta, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt); Azores (Terceira); Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Fuerteventura); Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Georgia [Caucasus]; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Samos, Dodecanese, Kos, Nisyros, Tilos, Rhodos, Kastellorhizo Isl.); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, Negev Desert, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (NE-Saudi Arabia, Asir); Qatar

12 GIB POR SPA 13 GRC KRI MLT PTL SIC TUE 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN WSA 21 AZO CNY 32 TKM TZK UZB 33 GEO 34 CYP EAI ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 QAT SAU

Remarks: equisetiforme agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Dioctis equisetifolia Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 15 (1837), nom. superfl.

= Polygonum arenarium var. caesaraugustanum Asso ex Amo; Fl. Fan. Peníns. Ibérica 2: 197 (1871)

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. caesaraugustanum (Echeandía ex Pau) Font Quer; Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 37: 46 (1949)

= Polygonum controversum Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Prodr. 1: 472 (1827)

= Polygonum crenatum Ehrenb. ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 86 (1856), nom. inval.

= Polygonum decumbens (Sauvage) P.Fourn. ex Vindt; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 31: 35 (1952)

= Polygonum ehrenbergii Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 86 (1857)

= Polygonum equisetiforme var. controversum (Guss.) Ces., Pass. & Gibelli; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 262 (1874)

= Polygonum equisetiforme var. foliosum Sennen; Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.) 1923: no. 4962 (1924), nomen

= Polygonum equisetiforme var. graecum Meisn.; Monogr. Polyg.: 86 (1826)

= Polygonum equisetiforme var. peyerimoffii Batt. & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N.28: 378 (1937)

= Polygonum equisetiforme var. spicatum Batt.; Fl. Algerie [Batt. & Trab.] Dicot.: 778 (1890)

= Polygonum equisetiforme var. trigynum Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 552 (1842)

= Polygonum marioticum Ehrenb. ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 86 (1856), nom. inval.

= Polygonum suffruticosum Salzm. ex Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 652 (1878), nom. inval.

= Polygonum todaroi Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. 2(2): 307 (1907)

= Polygonum tumidum Aucher ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 86 (1856), nom. inval.

= Polygonum urgellense Sennen; Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 32: 104 (1932)

= Polygonum urgellense var. rubrum Sennen; Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 32: 104 (1932), nomen

species :

Polygonum erectum L.; Sp. Pl. 1: 363 (1753)

Name: Erect knotweed

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming)

71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum aviculare f. erectum (L.) Regel; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 4(4): 127 (1861), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum aviculare var. erectum (L.) Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 3: 532 (1850), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum aviculare var. erectum (L.) Roth ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14(1): 97 (1856), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum crassicaule Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 15 (1837)

species :

Polygonum evenkiense Tupitz. & Juzeph.; Turczaninowia 23(1): 87 (2020)

Distribution: Siberia (Krasnoyarsk)

30 SIB

species :

Polygonum excelsius (Karlsson) Uotila; Willdenowia 46(3): 435 (2016)

Distribution: Sweden

10 SWE

Remarks: aviculare agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. excelsius Karlsson; Nordic J. Bot. 19(4): 386 (1999)

species :

Polygonum fibrilliferum Kom.; Fl. URSS 5: 607, 718 (1936)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan

32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB

species :

Polygonum floribundum Schltdl. ex Spreng.; Syst. 2: 257 (1825)

Distribution: European Russia; Kazakhstan

14 RUS 32 KAZ

species :

Polygonum fowleri B.L.Rob.; Rhodora 4: 67 (1902)

subspecies :

subsp. fowleri

Name: Fowler knotweed

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Quebec, Yukon); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (California, Maine, Ohio, Oregon, Washington State, Wisconsin)

70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum allocarpum S.F.Blake; Rhodora 19: 234 (1917)

subspecies :

subsp. hudsonianum (S.J.Wolf & McNeill) Costea & Tardif; Sida 20: 994 (2003)

Name: Huds. knotweed

Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, Newfoundland, Labrador, N. W. T., Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ontario, Quebec)

70 CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum caurianum subsp. hudsonianum S.J.Wolf & McNeill; Rhodora 88 (856): 469 (1986)

= Polygonum hudsonianum (S.J.Wolf & McNeill) H.R.Hinds; Novon 5(2): 165 (1995)

species :

Polygonum fusco-ochreatum Kom.; Fl. URSS 5: 613, 719 (1936)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning); South Korea

31 RFE 36 CHI 38 KOR

Remarks: aviculare agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum argenteum Skvortsov; A. I. Baranov & Skvortsov Diagn. Pl. Nov. Mandsh. 4 (1943)

= Polygonum fusco-ochreatum f. stans (Kitag.) C.F.Fang; Fl. Liaoningica, chief ed. S. X. Li 1: 319 (1988), without basionym ref., et Clavis Pl. Chinae Bor-Or, ed. 2 (ed. P. Y. Fu): 123 (1995)

= Polygonum aviculare var. fusco-ochreatum (Kom.) A.J.Li; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 25(1): 9 (1998)

= Polygonum liaotungense Kitag.; Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 3(App. 1): 183 (1939)

= Polygonum stans Kitag.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 50: 76 (1936)

species :

Polygonum gabrielae Costea & Tardif; Brittonia 57(1): 20 (2005)

Distribution: USA (Oregon)

73 USA

species :

Polygonum glandulosopilosum De Wild.; Contrib. Fl. Katanga, Suppl. 3, 108 (1930)

Distribution: SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]

23 ZAI

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Polygonum glaucescens N.A.Ivanova ex Tupitz.; Fl. Sibir. (Salicac.-Amaranthac.) 5: 130 (1992), nom. inval.

Distribution: Siberia (Buryatia)

30 SIB

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Polygonum glaucum Nutt.; Gen. Am. 1: 254 (1818)

Name: Seaside knotweed

Distribution: USA (Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Virginia)

75 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum aviculare var. glaucum (Nutt.) Torr.; Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 2: 240 (1827)

species :

Polygonum graminifolium Heuff.; Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 8: 190 (1858)

Name: Grasblättriger Knöterich

Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania

11 HUN SLO 13 KOS ROM SRB

Remarks: aviculare agg., provisionally accepted name

species :

Polygonum heterosepalum M.Peck & Ownbey; Madrono 10: 250 (1950)

Name: Oddsepal knotweed

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Nevada, Oregon)

73 USA 76 USA

species :

Polygonum hickmanii H.R.Hinds & Rand.Morgan; Novon 5(4): 336 (1995)

Name: Hickman´s knotweed

Distribution: USA (California)

76 USA

species :

Polygonum hohuanshanense S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 1: 14 (2019)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Polygonum huichunense F.Z.Li, Y.T.Hou & C.Y.Qu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 45(4): 534 (2007)

Distribution: China (Jilin)

36 CHI

species :

Polygonum humifusum Mert. ex K.Koch; Linnaea 22: 205 (1849)

subspecies :

subsp. humifusum

Distribution: European Russia; Siberia (Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Magadan); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning); Mongolia; South Korea

14 RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 37 MON 38 KOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum aviculare var. mandshuricum (Skvortsov) H.C.Fu; Fl. Intramongolica 2: 35 (1978 publ. 1979), without basionym ref.

= Polygonum humifusum f. yamatutae (Kitag.) C.F.Fang; Fl. Liaoningica, chief ed. S. X. Li 1: 320 (1988)

= Polygonum mandshuricum Skvortsov; A. I. Baranov & Skvortsov Diagn. Pl. Nov. Mandsh. 4 (1943)

= Polygonum yamatutae Kitag.; J. Jap. Bot. 39: 358 (1964)

subspecies :

subsp. caurianum (B.L.Rob.) Costea & Tardif; Sida 20: 995 (2003)

Name: Alaska knotweed

Distribution: Alaska; USA (N. W. T., Nunavut, Yukon)

70 ASK CDN

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum caurianum B.L.Rob.; Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 31: 264 (1904)

species :

Polygonum hyrcanicum Rech.f.; Ann. Naturh. Mus. Wien 53,1: 352 (1942)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan; Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)

33 AZE GEO 34 IRN

species :

Polygonum icaricum Rech.f.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 8. (1934)

Distribution: NE-Greece (Samothraki, Limnos); East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Ikaria)

13 GRC 34 EAI

species :

Polygonum idaeum Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(1): 110 (1924)

Distribution: Crete (Ida, Dikti)

13 KRI

species :

Polygonum ilanense Y.C.Liu & C.H.Ou; Quart. J. Chin. For. 9 (2): 124, f. 8 (1976)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

species :

Polygonum inflexum Kom.; Fl. URSS 5: 632, 721 (1936)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan

32 KAZ TZK UZB

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum oxanum Kom.; Fl. URSS 5: 633, 722. (1936)

species :

Polygonum intramongolicum A.J.Li; Fl. Intramongol. 2: 57 (1978)

Distribution: China (Nei Mongol); Mongolia

36 CHI 37 MON

Synonyms: hidden

= Atraphaxis tortuosa Losinsk.; Izv. Glavn. Bot. Sada S. S. S. R. 26: 44 (1927), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum intramongolicum A.J.Li ex Borodina; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 9: 102 (1989)

= Polygonum tortuosum (Losinsk.) Lovelius; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 60(12): 1730 (1975) (not D. Don 1825)

species :

Polygonum iranicum Mozaff.; Iran. J. Bot. 18(2): 162 (2012)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Polygonum istanbulicum M.Keskin; Nordic J. Bot. 27(1): 11 (2009)

Distribution: European Turkey

13 TUE

species :

Polygonum karacae Ziel. & Borat.; Willdenowia 21: 173 (1991)

Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Polygonum kelloggii Greene; Fl. Francisc. 134 (1891)

Name: Kellogg´s knotweed

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum minutissimum L.O.Williams; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 21: 343 (1934)

= Polygonum polygaloides subsp. kelloggii (Greene) J.C.Hickman; Madroño 31: 251 (1984)

= Polygonum unifolium Small ex Rydb.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. I. 129 (1900)

variant :

var. esotericum (L.C.Wheeler) Reveal; Brittonia 62(3): 243 (2010)

Name: Whitemargin knotweed

Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum esotericum L.C.Wheeler; Rhodora 40: 310 (1938)

= Polygonum polygaloides subsp. esotericum (L.C.Wheeler) J.C.Hickman; Madroño 31: 251 (1984)

species :

Polygonum kolumense A.P.Khokhr.; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 89(4): 108 (1984)

Distribution: Russian Far East

31 RFE

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Polygonum lacerum Kunth; Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: 179 (1817)

Name: Fringed knotweed

Distribution: USA [I] (Texas [I]); Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)

77 usa 83 BOL PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum miserum Willd. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16. 2: 256 (1825)

species :

Polygonum leptocarpum B.L.Rob.; Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 31: 263 (1904)

Name: Narrowpoint knotweed

Distribution: USA (Kansas, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota)

73 USA 74 USA

Remarks: often included in P. ramosissimum

species :

Polygonum libani Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 1, 12: 99 (1853)

Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon)

34 LEB

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum hermonis Kotschy ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4: 1040 (1879)

species :

Polygonum longiocreatum Bartlett; Proc. Amer. Acad. 43: 51 (1907)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Honduras

79 MEX 80 GUA HON

species :

Polygonum longipes Halácsy & Charrel; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 40: 164 (1890)

Name: Langstieliger Knöterich (DE); Long-stalked Knotgrass (EN)

Distribution: Croatia; Albania; European Turkey; Greece (scattered mainland, Skiros, Evvoia, Kerkyra, Kefalonia); Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Kalimnos, Rhodos)

13 ALB CRO GRC KRI TUE 34 EAI

Remarks: aviculare agg.

species :

Polygonum loshanense S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 6: 427 (2023)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Polygonum luzuloides Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 2: 37 (1845)

Distribution: Armenia; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)

33 ARM 34 IRN IRQ TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum dracunculifolium Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4: 1039 (1879)

= Polygonum pachyrhizum Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 2: 483 (1873)

= Polygonum setosum subsp. luzuloides (Jaub. & Spach) Leblebici; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42: 323 (1985)

species :

Polygonum majus (Meisn.) Piper; Piper & Beattie, Fl. Palouse Reg. 63 (1901)

Name: Large knotweed

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum acre var. majus Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14(1): 108 (1856)

= Polygonum douglasii subsp. majus (Meisn.) J.C.Hickman; Madroño 31(4): 250 (1984)

= Polygonum punctatum var. majus (Meisn.) Fassett; Brittonia 6: 373 (1949)

species :

Polygonum marinense T.R.Mert. & P.H.Raven; Madroño 18: 87 (1965)

Name: Marin knotweed

Distribution: USA (California)

76 USA

species :

Polygonum maritimum L.; Sp. Pl.: 361 (1753)

Name: Küsten-Knöterich, Strand-Knöterich (DE); Treintanudos de mar (ES), Sea Knotweed (EN)

Distribution: +England; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; Croatia; Montenegro; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (coastal widespread, incl. most islands); Crete; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); Azores (Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Pico, Faial); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Ilhas Desertas, Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Palma Isl.); South Africa [I] (Cape Prov. [I]); Georgia [Caucasus]; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria); Israel (coastal W-Israel); Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Los Rios [I], Los Lagos [I], Aisén [I], Magallanes [I]); Falkland Isl. [I]

10 GRB 12 BAL CIS COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC ITA KRI MLT MNT PEL PTL ROM SIC TUE 14 KRY UKR 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY MDR 27 saf 33 GEO 34 CYP EAI ISR LEB SYR TUR 85 arg cle 91 fal

Synonyms: hidden

= Avicularia maritima (L.) Didr.; Bot. Not. 187 (1850)

= Centinodia maritima (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. L. Lyon, n. s. 17: 146 (1869)

= Polygonum argenteum Ehrenb. ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 88 (1856), nom. inval.

= Polygonum chilense K.Koch; Linnaea 22: 206 (1849)

= Polygonum littorale Pers.; Syn. Pl. 1: 439 (1805)

= Polygonum maritimum Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 51 (1828), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum maritimum var. chilense (K.Koch) Skottsb.; Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl. 50(3): 25 (1913)

= Polygonum maritimum var. confusum Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 12: 110 (1910)

= Polygonum maritimum var. roseum Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 269 (1813)

species :

Polygonum melihae Gemici & Kit Tan; Nordic J. Bot. 32(5): 540 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Polygonum mersinicum M.Keskin; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 59(1): 318 (2022)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Polygonum mesembricum Chrtek; Preslia 32: 367 (1960)

Distribution: Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (rare coastal NE-Greece, N-Evvoia); European Russia; Moldova; Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos); Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)

13 BUL GRC ROM TUE 14 KRY MLD RUS 33 GEO NCS 34 EAI TUR

Remarks: robertii agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum euxinum Chrtek; Preslia 32: 367 (1960)

species :

Polygonum mezianum H.Gross; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 342 (1913)

Distribution: Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan

32 KGZ TZK

species :

Polygonum minimum S.Watson; Bot. King´s Exped. 315 (1871)

Name: Broadleaf knotweed

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum torreyi S.Watson; Amer. Naturalist 7: 664 (1873)

species :

Polygonum minutissimum Z.Wei & Y.B.Chang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 12(3): 271-274 (1992), nom. illeg.

Distribution: China

36 CHI

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Polygonum mirajabii Chaudhri; Pakistan Syst. 3(1): 28 (1987)

Distribution: Pakistan

40 PAK

species :

Polygonum molliiforme Boiss.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient., sér. 1, 7: 84 (1846)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Iran (EC-Iran, S-Iran, SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Wakhan, Balkh, Bamyan, Ghazni, Ghorat, Kabul, Wardak); China (Xinjiang); ?W-Tibet; Pakistan (Chitral, Pamirs); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, West Bengal, Ladakh, Zanskar, Rupshu, Lahul)

32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN 36 CHI 40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum acaule Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4: 1043 (1879)

= Kabulia akhtarii Bor & C.E.C.Fisch.; Indian Forester 65: 611 (1939)

species :

Polygonum nikolai Tupitz.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 101(5): 578 (2016)

Distribution: Siberia (Krasnoyarsk)

30 SIB

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Polygonum norvegicum (Sam.) Sam. ex Lid; Norsk Fl. 188 (1944), ed. 2, 250 (1952)

Distribution: Denmark; Norway; N-European Russia

10 DEN NOR 14 RUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum raii subsp. norvegicum Sam.; Acta Horti Berg. 11: 72 (1931)

species :

Polygonum nuttallii Small; Monogr. N. Am. Polygon. [Mem. Bot. Columb. Coll. i.] (1889) 132, t. 53

Name: Nuttall´s knotweed

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (Oregon, Washington)

71 CDN 73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum douglasii subsp. nuttallii (Small) J.C.Hickman; Madroño 31(4): 250 (1984)

= Polygonum intermedium Nutt. ex S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17: 378 (1882) not Ehrhart 1791

species :

Polygonum olivascens Rech.f. & Schiman-Czeika; Fl. Iran. 56: 80 (1968)

Distribution: Iran (E-Iran, S-Iran, SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Helmand, Samangan); Pakistan (Baluchistan)

34 AFG IRN 40 PAK

species :

Polygonum oxyspermum C.A.Mey. & Bunge; Ledeb. Cat. Hort. Dorpat. (1824) 5 ex Ledeb.

Name: Strand-Vogelknöterich (EN)

Distribution: England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Germany (+Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Schleswig-Holstein, Sachsen [I]); Poland; France; Sardinia; Italy; Romania; Bulgaria; Estonia; Latvia; N-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; USA [I] (Nova Scotia [I])

10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 GER POL 12 FRA SAR 13 BUL ITA ROM 14 EST KRY LAT RUS UKR 72 cdn

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum acadiense Fernald; Rhodora 16(191): 188 (-189) (1914)

species :

Polygonum palaestinum Zohary; Fl. Palaest. 1: 54, 341, t. 56 (1966)

Distribution: Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, Negev Desert); N-Saudi Arabia

34 ISR 35 SAU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum equisetiforme var. arenarium Eig & Feinbrun; Palest. J. Bot. Jerusalem ser. 2: 99 (1940)

species :

Polygonum papillosum Hartvig; Willdenowia 19(1): 75 (1989)

Distribution: C-Greece (SW-Thessalia, Mt. Vardousia)

13 GRC

species :

Polygonum paronychia Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 51 (1828)

Name: Beach knotweed

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Oregon, Washington)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum confertiflorum Douglas ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 89 (1856), nom. inval.

species :

Polygonum paronychioides C.A.Mey.; Bull. Soc. lmp. Naturalistes Moscou 11: 356 (1838)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Bamyan, Ghazni, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Logar, Wardak, Parwan); Tibet; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram, N. W. Frontier Prov., Chitral, Hazara, Astor, Gilgit, Deosai, Baltistan); NW-India (Ladakh, Zanskar, Rupshu, Jammu & Kashmir)

32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE NCS 34 AFG IRN IRQ TUR 36 TIB 40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum englerianum H.Gross; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 344 (1913)

= Polygonum himalayense H.Gross; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 343 (1913)

= Polygonum lemanianum Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 91 (1857)

= Polygonum meyeri Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 376 (1841), nom. inval.

= Polygonum mucronatum Royle ex Bab.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 18: 115 (1838)

= Polygonum paronychia C.A.Mey.; Verz. Pfl. Casp. Meer.: 158 (1831) (non Cham. & Schltdl., Linnaea 3: 51 (1828) (syn. subst.))

= Polygonum pauciflorum Endl.; Gen. Pl., Suppl. 4(2): 49 (1848)

= Polygonum pulvinatum Kom.; Fl. URSS 5: 607, 717 (1936)

species :

Polygonum parryi Greene; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 8: 99 (1881)

Name: Parry´s knotweed

Distribution: USA (California, Oregon, Washington State)

73 USA 76 USA

species :

Polygonum patuliforme Vorosch.; Bull. Princ. Bot. Gard. Acad. Sci. URSS, No. 18, 106 (1954), reimpr.

Distribution: E-European Russia; Northern Caucasus

14 RUS 33 NCS

species :

Polygonum patulum M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 304 (1808)

Name: Bellard´s smartweed (EN), Ausgebreiteter Vogelknöterich (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; Hungary; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Lithuania [I]; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Madeira [I] (Madeira Isl. [I], Porto Santo [I]); Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Afghanistan (Baghlan, Balkh, Bamyan, Kabul, Logar, Wardak, Nimroz, Parwan, Qunduz, Takhar); China (Xinjiang); Mongolia; Mongolia; Pakistan (Chitral); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Illinois [I], Washington [I]); Colombia [I]

11 AUT ger HUN POL SLO 12 BAL COR FRA SAR 13 BUL CRO ITA KOS NMA ROM SIC SRB 14 BLR est KRY lat lit MLD RUS UKR 21 mdr 30 SIB 31 rfe 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG 36 CHI 37 MON 40 PAK 73 usa 74 usa 78 usa 82 clm

Remarks: bellardii agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum bellardii var. gracilius Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 3: 530 (1850)

= Polygonum bellardii var. patulum (M.Bieb.) Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14(1): 99 (1856)

= Polygonum bordzilowskii Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 4: 651 (1952)

= Polygonum cretaceum Kom.; Fl. URSS, V. 631, 721 (1936)

= Polygonum gracilius (Ledeb.) Klokov; J. Agric. Bot., Charkov 1: Pt. 3, 169 (1927) p. p. quoad basionymum

= Polygonum kotovii Klokov; Trudy Silsko-Gosp. Bot. l(3): 167 (1927) (n. v.)

= Polygonum novoascanicum Klokov; Trudy Silsko Gosp. Bot. l(3): 168 (1927) (n. v.)

= Polygonum novoascanicum subsp. cretaceum (Kom.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 15: 140 (1979)

= Polygonum patulum f. budense Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 364 (1971)

= Polygonum patulum f. gracilius (Ledeb.) I.Grint.

= Polygonum patulum f. nyirsegense Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 363 (1971)

= Polygonum patulum f. transsilvanicum Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16(3-4): 364 (1971), nom. nov.

= Polygonum patulum subsp. bordzilowskii (Klokov) Soó

= Polygonum patulum subsp. kotovii (Klokov) Sutorý; Cas. Morav. Muz., Vedy Prír., 78(1-2): 97 (1993 publ. 1994)

= Polygonum salinum A.I.Baranov & Skvortsov ex S.X.Li & Y.L.Chang; Fl. Plant. Herb. Chinae bor.-or. 2: 107 (1959)

= Polygonum spectabile Lehm.; Index Seminum (HBG, Hamburgensis) 1820: ? (1821)

= Polygonum virgatum Schur; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 10: 353 (1860), nom. illeg.

species :

Polygonum plebeium R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland: 420 (1810)

Name: Rupturewort (EN)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Egypt (Desert Oases, Nile Delta, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt); Mauritania; Senegal; Mali; Burkina Faso; Benin; Niger; N-Nigeria; SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Chad; ?Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Russian Far East (Khabarovsk [I], Magadan [I]); Saudi Arabia (Nafud Desert, Asir, Nejd Desert); China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; Japan (Yakushima Isl.); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Sind, N. W. Frontier Prov., Punjab, Chitral, Hazara); Nepal; Bhutan; India (almost throughout); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Kachin, Sagaing, Shan); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; Philippines (Luzon); Java; Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania); New Zealand [I]; USA [I] (Idaho [I])

11 ger 20 EGY 22 BEN BKN MLI MTN NGA NGR SEN 23 ZAI 24 CHA ERI ETH 25 TAN 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 29 mau MDG reu 31 RFE 35 SAU 36 CHI TIB 38 JAP NNS TAI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP PAK SRL 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 JAW PHI 50 AUS 51 nzl 73 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Avicularia indica (B.Heyne ex Roth) Didr.; Bot. Not. 187 (1850)

= Persicaria minutiflora (Nakai) Nakai; Mori, Enum. Pl. Corea: 133 (1922)

= Pleuropteropyrum minutiflorum (Nakai) Nakai; Rep. Exped. Manchoukuo Sect. IV 4: 78 (1936)

= Polygonum alpestre Heldr. ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 594 (1857), nom. inval.

= Polygonum anomalum Bruijn; Miq., Pl. Jungh.: 311 (1854)

= Polygonum aviculare Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 241 (1790) non L.

= Polygonum aviculare var. minutiflorum Franch.; Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., sér. 2, 7: 60 (1884)

= Polygonum changii Kitag.; J. Jap. Bot. xI. 54 (1965)

= Polygonum ciliosum Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 95 (1857)

= Polygonum cliffortioides Meisn.; Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 3: 62 (1832)

= Polygonum coronulatum Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 375 (1841), nom. inval.

= Polygonum dryandri Spreng.; Syst. 2: 255 (1825)

= Polygonum elegans W.T.Aiton; Hortus Kew. 2: 419 (1811)

= Polygonum exiguum Meisn.; Monogr. Polyg.: 90 (1826)

= Polygonum franchetii Vorosch.; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada, Moskva, No. 66, 62 (1967)

= Polygonum herniarioides Delile; Descr. Egypte, Hist. Nat. 2(Mém.): t. 61 (1813)

= Polygonum herniarioides Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16. 2: 256 (1825), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum herniarioides var. illecebroides Meisn.; Wall., Pl. Asiat. Rar. 3: 62 (1832)

= Polygonum herniarioides var. prostratum Meisn.; Wall., Pl. Asiat. Rar. 3: 62 (1832)

= Polygonum humifusum var. mandshuricum Skvortsov; Baranov & Skvortsov, Diagn. Pl. Nov. Mandsh.: 4 (1943)

= Polygonum hyssopifolium Bojer; Hortus Maurit.: 271 (1837), nomen

= Polygonum illecebroides Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 94 (1856)

= Polygonum indicum B.Heyne ex Roth; Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 208 (1821)

= Polygonum linifolium B.Heyne ex Roth; Nov. Pl. Sp.: 207 (1821), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum micranthemum Franch. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 5: 29 (1886), nom. inval.

= Polygonum minutiflorum Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 25: 63 (1911), et J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 31: 172 (1911)

= Polygonum miquelianum Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 92 (1856)

= Polygonum parviflorum Y.L.Chang & S.X.Li; Fl. Pl. Herb. Chin. Bor.-Or. 2: 31 (1959)

= Polygonum perrottetii Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 94 (1856)

= Polygonum plebeium subsp. changii (Kitag.) Vorosch.; Skvortsov (ed.), Florist. Issl. Razn. Raionakh SSSR: 164 (1985)

= Polygonum plebeium var. brevifolium Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 5: 28 (1886)

= Polygonum plebeium var. elegans (W.T.Aiton) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 5: 29 (1886)

= Polygonum plebeium var. griffithii Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 5: 29 (1886)

= Polygonum plebeium var. indicum (Roth) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 5: 28 (1886)

= Polygonum plebeium var. longifolium (Meisn.) M.R.Almeida; Fl. Maharashtra 4A: 233 (2003)

= Polygonum plebeium var. micranthemum Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 5: 29 (1886)

= Polygonum plebeium var. miquelianum (Meisn.) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 5: 29 (1886)

= Polygonum plebeium var. polyneurum Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 5: 29 (1886), nom. superfl.

= Polygonum plebeium var. scindicum Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 5: 29 (1886)

= Polygonum plebejum subsp. changii (Kitag.) Vorosch.; A. K. Skvortsov (ed.), Florist. issl. v razn. raionakh SSSR: 164 (1985)

= Polygonum prostratum Roxb. ex D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 72 (1825), nom. inval.

= Polygonum pteranthum Kitag.; J. Geobot. 20: 32 (1972)

= Polygonum pulchrum F.Dietr.; Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 6: 451 (1820), nom. superfl.

= Polygonum roxburghii Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 93 (1856)

= Polygonum roxburghii var. longifolium Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 93 (1856)

= Polygonum styligerum Bruijn; Miq., Pl. Jungh.: 311 (1854)

= Polygonum tropicum K.Koch; Linnaea 22: 205 (1849)

species :

Polygonum podlechii Rech.f. & Schiman-Czeika; Rech.f., Fl. Iran. Lief. 56, 68 (1968)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Badghys, Farah, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Wardak, Takhar)

34 AFG

species :

Polygonum polycnemoides Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 2: 30, t. 120 (1844)

Name: Manyleg knotweed

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan (Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Baghlan, Bamyan, Ghorat, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Logar, Wardak, Orozgan / Daykundi, Paktia / Khost, Parwan); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); China (Xinjiang); Mongolia; Pakistan (Baluchistan, N. W. Frontier Prov., Dir, Chitral, Swat, Astor, Gilgit); NW-India (Ladakh, Zanskar, Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh); USA [I] (Idaho [I], New York [I])

32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE 34 AFG IRN IRQ LEB TUR 36 CHI 37 MON 40 IND PAK 73 usa 75 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum olivieri Jaub. & Spach; Illustr. 2: 31. t. 121 (1845)

species :

Polygonum polygaloides Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 101 (1856)

subspecies :

subsp. polygaloides

Name: Milkwort knotweed

Distribution: Canada (Alberta); USA (Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington State, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum polygaloides var. montanum Brenckle; Phytologia 3: 364 (1950)

subspecies :

subsp. confertiflorum (Nutt. ex Piper) J.C.Hickman; Madroño 31: 251 (1984)

Name: Fruitleaf knotweed

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Saskatchewan); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum acre var. confertiflorum Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14(1): 108 (1856)

= Polygonum confertiflorum Nutt. ex Piper; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 11: 228 (1906)

= Polygonum imbricatum Nutt. ex S.Watson; Amer. Naturalist 7: 665 (1873), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum kelloggii var. confertiflorum (Nutt. ex Piper) Dorn; Vasc. Pl. Wyoming: 299 (1988)

= Polygonum kelloggii var. watsonii (Small) Reveal; Brittonia 62(3): 243 (2010)

= Polygonum paronychioides Small ex Rydb.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 130 (1900), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum punctatum var. confertiflorum (Meisn. ex DC.) Fassett; Brittonia 6: 377 (1949)

= Polygonum watsonii Small; Monogr. N. Am. Polygon. (Mem. Bot. Columb. Coll. i.) (1895) 138, t. 56

= Polygonum watsonii var. alpinum Brenckle; Phytologia 3: 363 (1950)

species :

Polygonum praelongum Coode & Cullen; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 27: 215 (1967)

Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Kastellorhizo Isl.); Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)

34 EAI TUR

Remarks: poorly known and status doubtful

species :

Polygonum pringlei Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 19: 357 (1892)

Distribution: Mexico (Queretaro, San Luis Potosi)

79 MEX

species :

Polygonum psammophilum (Bordz. ex Tzvelev) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 25: 188 (1988)

Distribution: Belarus; European Russia

14 BLR RUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum novoascanicum subsp. psammophilum Bordz. ex Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 15: 140 (1979)

species :

Polygonum raii Bab.; Trans. Linn. Soc. 17: 458 (1836)

Name: Ray´s knotweed (EN), Ray-Vogelknöterich (DE)

Distribution: England; Ireland; Denmark; Netherlands; Belgium; Germany (Bayern [I], Schleswig-Holstein); France; Channel Isl.; Canada [I] (New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Quebec [I]); St. Pierre and Miquelon [I]; USA [I] (Maine [I])

10 DEN GRB IRE 11 BGM GER NET 12 CIS FRA 72 cdn 75 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Avicularia raii (Bab.) Börner; 419 (1912)

= Polygonum littorale subsp. latifolium Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France Corse 3: 52 (1856)

= Polygonum maritimum subsp. raii (Bab.) Hook.f.; 310 (1870)

= Polygonum oxyspermum subsp. raii (Bab.) D.A.Webb & Chater; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 68: 188 (1963)

species :

Polygonum ramosissimum Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 237 (1803)

subspecies :

subsp. ramosissimum

Name: Bushy knotweed

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, N. W. T., Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Quebec, Saskatchewan); USA (Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington State, West Virginia Wisconsin, Wyoming)

70 CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Cnopos ramosissimum (Michx.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 13 (1836)

= Polygonum atlanticum (B.L.Rob.) E.P.Bicknell; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 36: 450 (1909)

= Polygonum aviculare var. ramosissimum (Michx.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 554 (1891)

= Polygonum exsertum Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 21: 172 (1894), et Monogr. N. Am. Polygon. (Mem. Bot. Columb. Coll. i.) (1895) 112 t. 43

= Polygonum flexile Greene; Pittonia 5: 203 (1903)

= Polygonum interior Brenckle; Phytologia 2: 403 (1948)

= Polygonum interior var. turneri Brenckle; Phytologia 2: 403 (1948)

= Polygonum latum Small ex Rydb.; Fl. Plains N. Amer. 282 (1932)

= Polygonum ramosissimum f. album T.W.Wells; Rhodora 76: 470 (1974)

= Polygonum ramosissimum f. atlanticum B.L.Rob.; Rhodora 4: 72 (1902)

= Polygonum ramosissimum var. latius Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 304 (1916)

= Polygonum stevensii Brenckle; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 68: 494, fig. 2 (1941)

= Polygonum triangulum E.P.Bicknell; Briton & Brown, Ill. Fl. N. US. Ed. 2, 1: 664 (1913)

subspecies :

subsp. prolificum (Small) Costea & Tardif; Sida 20: 995 (2003)

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Quebec, Saskatchewan); USA (Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington State, West Virginia, Wyoming)

71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum autumnale Brenckle; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 68: 495 (1941)

= Polygonum prolificum (Small) B.L.Rob.; Rhodora 4: 68 (1902)

= Polygonum prolificum var. autumnale (Brenckle) Brenckle; Phytologia 2: 404 (1948)

= Polygonum prolificum var. profusum Brenckle; Phytologia 2: 404 (1948)

= Polygonum ramosissimum var. prolificum Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 21: 171 (1894)

species :

Polygonum ramuliflorum Kitag.; J. Jap. Bot. 39: 357 (1964)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

species :

Polygonum recumbens Royle ex Bab.; Trans. Linn. Soc. 18: 116 (1838)

Distribution: Nepal; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Ladakh)

40 IND NEP

variant :

var. roylei (Bab.) R.C.Srivast.; Indian J. Pl. Sci. 3: 137 (2014)

Distribution: India (Jammu & Kashmir)

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum roylei Bab.; Trans. Linn. Soc. 18: 115 (1841)

species :

Polygonum rigidum Skvortsov; A. I. Baranov & Skvortsov Diagn. Pl. Nov. Mandsh. 5 (1943)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kuril Isl., Magadan [I], Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shanxi)

30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum aviculare var. rigidum (Skvortsov) P.Y.Fu; Fl. Intramongolica 2: 33 (1978 publ. 1979), without basionym ref.

species :

Polygonum roberti Loisel.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6: 409 (1827)

Distribution: NE-Spain; ?Baleares; France; Sardinia; Italy

12 FRA SAR SPA 13 ITA

Remarks: roberti agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. roberti (Loisel.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Butll. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 38: 86 (1974)

= Polygonum crassinerve Ces.; Stirp. Ital. Rar.: t. 2 (1840)

= Polygonum flagellare subsp. roberti (Loisel.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France: 274 (1894)

= Polygonum intermedium Robert ex Loisel.; Fl. Gall., ed. 2, 1: 283 (1828), nom. inval.

= Polygonum littorale Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France Corse 3: 51 (1855), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum maritimum subsp. roberti (Loisel.) A.Reyn.; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 22: 244 (1912)

= Polygonum maritimum var. roberti (Loisel.) Bolzon; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1899: 135 (1899)

= Polygonum oxyspermum subsp. roberti (Loisel.) Akeroyd & D.A.Webb; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 97: 344 (1988)

species :

Polygonum romanum Jacq.; Observ. Bot. 3: 8. (1768)

subspecies :

subsp. romanum

Distribution: Italy; Morocco

13 ITA 20 MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum flagellare Bertol. ex Sebast. & Mauri; Fl. Roman. Prodr.: 142 (1818)

= Polygonum romanum var. maroccanum Vindt; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 31: 33 (1952)

subspecies :

subsp. balearicum Raffaelli & L.Villar; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17: 50 (1988)

Distribution: Baleares (Mallorca)

12 BAL

subspecies :

subsp. gallicum (Raffaelli) Raffaelli & L.Villar; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17: 50 (1988)

Distribution: France

12 FRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum gallicum Raffaelli; Webbia 33: 318 (1979)

species :

Polygonum rottboellioides Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 2: 32, t. 122 (1844)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Turkey (SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Bamyan, Ghazni, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Logar, Wardak, Paktia / Khost); Pakistan (Chitral, Baluchistan, Kurram, Dir, Swat, Gilgit); Nepal; NW-India (Dras, Zanskar, Jammu & Kashmir)

32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN IRQ TUR 40 IND NEP PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum betpakdalense Bajtenov; Fl. Kazakhst. 3: 434 (1960), anglice

= Polygonum durum Brenckle; Phytologia 3: 365 (1950)

= Polygonum tubulosum Boiss.; Diagn, ser. 1, 7: 83 (1846)

variant :

var. tibeticum (Hook.f.) R.R.Stewart; Annot. Cat. Vasc. Pl. W. Pakistan & Kashmir: 210 (1972)

Distribution: Pakistan (Kurram, Skardu); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Lahul)

40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum tubulosum var. tibeticum Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 27 (1885)

species :

Polygonum ryukyuense Kitag.; J. Geobot. 20(2): 34 (1972)

Distribution: Ryukyu Isl.

38 NNS

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Polygonum sabulosum Vorosch.; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada, Moskva, No. 66, 62 (1967)

Distribution: Belarus; Moldova; Siberia (Altai, Chita, Krasnoyarsk); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye)

14 BLR MLD 30 SIB 31 RFE

Remarks: aviculare agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum aviculare subsp. sabulosum (Vorosch.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 184 (2000)

species :

Polygonum sajanense Tupitz. & Shaulo; Turczaninowia 27(2): 35 (2024)

Distribution: Siberia (Krasnoyarsk)

30 SIB

species :

Polygonum salebrosum Coode & Cullen; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 27: 215 (1967)

Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Polygonum salsugineum M.Bieb.; Tabl. Prov. Mer Casp.: 114 (1798)

Distribution: European Turkey; SE-European Russia; Crimea; Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan

13 TUE 14 KRY RUS 32 KAZ 33 AZE GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum venosum Steward; Contr. Gray Herb. 88: 26 (1930)

species :

Polygonum samsunicum Yild. & Leblebici; Willdenowia 19: 87, f. 1 (1989)

Distribution: Turkey (N-Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Polygonum sanguinaria J.Rémy; Gay, Fl. Chil. 5: 270 (1852)

Name: Sanguinaria [Chile]

Distribution: Chile (Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, Biobío, Aisén)

85 CLE

species :

Polygonum sarobiense Rech.f.; Fl. Iran. Lief. 56, 71 (1968)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Kabul, Paktia / Khost); Pakistan (Chitral)

34 AFG 40 PAK

species :

Polygonum sawatchense Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 20: 213 (1893)

subspecies :

subsp. sawatchense

Name: Johnston´s knotweed

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Saskatchewan); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum douglasii subsp. johnstonii (Munz) J.C.Hickman; Madroño 31(4): 250 (1984)

= Polygonum douglasii var. johnstonii Munz; Man. S. Calif. Bot. [Munz] 131, 597 (1935)

= Polygonum douglasii var. utahense (Brenckle & Cottam) S.L.Welsh; Utah Fl., ed. 3. 518 (2003)

= Polygonum exile Eastw.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. ser. 3, Bot. 2: 286 (1902)

= Polygonum triandrum Coolidge; Madrono 20: 266 (1970)

= Polygonum utahense Brenckle & Cottam; Bull. Univ. Utah 30: No. 15 (Biol. Ser. 4: No. 4) 3 (1940)

subspecies :

subsp. oblivium Costea & Tardif; Sida 20: 1637 (2003)

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Washington)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

species :

Polygonum schistosum Czukav.; Novit. Syst. Pl. Vasc., Acad. Sci. URSS, 89 (1966)

Distribution: Tajikistan

32 TZK

species :

Polygonum scoparium Req. ex Loisel.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 6: 410 (1827)

Distribution: Corsica; Sardinia

12 COR SAR

Remarks: equisetiforme agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum bocconei DC. ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 14: 86 (1856)

= Polygonum corsicanum Link; Handbuch 1: 300 (1829)

= Polygonum equisetiforme subsp. scoparium (Req. ex Loisel.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 584 (1882)

species :

Polygonum setosum Jacq.; Obs. Bot. 3: 8, t. 57 (1768)

Distribution: Armenia; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan); Lebanon (Antilebanon); India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)

33 ARM 34 IRN LEB TUR 40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum restionoides Boiss. & Hausskn.; Boiss., Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4: 1039 (1879)

species :

Polygonum shastense W.H.Brewer ex A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 400 (1873)

Name: Shasta knotweed

Distribution: USA (California, Nevada, Oregon)

73 USA 76 USA

species :

Polygonum shiheziense F.Z.Li, Y.T.Hou & F.J.Lu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 44(2): 174 (2006)

Distribution: China (Xinjiang)

36 CHI

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Polygonum shuchengense Z.Z.Zhou; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 39(1): 81 (2001)

Distribution: China (Anhui)

36 CHI

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Polygonum shuense A.J.Li & B.J.Bao; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 32(4): 385 (2012)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Polygonum sivasicum Kit Tan & Yildiz; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 45: 439 (1988)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Polygonum snijmaniae S.Ortiz; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 157(1): 111 (2008)

Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)

27 SAF

species :

Polygonum spergulariiforme Meisn. ex Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 19: 366 (1892)

Name: Scatter knotweed

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington State, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum douglasii subsp. spergulariiforme (Meisn. ex Small) J.C.Hickman; Madroño 31(4): 251 (1984)

= Polygonum emaciatum A.Nelson; Bot. Gaz. 54: 138 (1912)

species :

Polygonum striatulum B.L.Rob.; Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 31: 263 (1904)

Name: Striped knotweed

Distribution: USA (Texas)

77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum camporum var. boreale Meisn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 5(1): 22 (1855)

= Polygonum striatulum var. texense (M.C.Johnst.) Costea & Tardif; Sida 20(3): 996 (2003)

= Polygonum texense M.C.Johnst.; Southwest Nat. 14: 257 (1969)

species :

Polygonum stypticum Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 53 (1828)

Distribution: Uruguay (Rio Negro); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Cordoba, Entre Rios, La Pampa, La Rioja, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Salta, Santa Fe, San Juan, Tucuman)

85 ARG URU

species :

Polygonum subaphyllum Sumnev.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Uzbekistansk. Fil. Akad. Nauk SSSR 2: 15 (1940)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan

32 KAZ TKM TZK UZB

species :

Polygonum sylvaticum Skvortsov; Baranov & Skvortsov, Diagn. Pl. Nov. Mandsh.: 4 (1943)

Distribution: Russian Far East

31 RFE

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Polygonum tachengense F.Z.Li, Y.T.Hou & F.J.Lu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 44(2): 170 (2006)

Distribution: China (Xinjiang)

36 CHI

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Polygonum taiwanense S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 6: 421 (2023)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Polygonum tenorei C.Presl; Fl. Sicul.: xxxix (1826)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: equisetiforme agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum elegans Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1(Prodr.): LXVII (1815), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum tenoreanum E.Nardi & Raffaelli; Webbia 31: 516 (1977), nom. nov. superfl.

species :

Polygonum tenue Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 238 (1803)

Name: Pleatleaf knotweed

Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming)

72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Chulusium filiforme (Barton) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 14 (1837)

= Polygonum filiforme W.P.C.Barton; Comp. Fl. Philadelph. 1: 186 (1818), nom. illeg.

= Polygonum linifolium Muhl.; Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 3: 168, et Cat. 40 (1793)

= Polygonum tenue var. protrusum Fernald; Rhodora 44: 393 (1942)

species :

Polygonum tenuissimum A.I.Baranov & Skvortsov ex Vorosch.; Bull. Princ. Bot. Gard. Acad. Sci. URSS, No. 60, 36 (1965)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye); Azerbaijan [I]

30 SIB 31 RFE 33 aze

species :

Polygonum terzioglui Makbul, Coskunc. & Kundakci; Phytotaxa 625(3): 250 (2023)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Polygonum thymifolium Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 2: 22, t. 116 (1844)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Baghlan, Bamyan, Ghazni, Ghorat, Herat, Wardak, Parwan, Takhar); Pakistan (Chitral)

32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN 40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum kotschyanum Boiss.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient., sér. 1, 7: 84 (1846)

species :

Polygonum turkestanicum Sumnev.; Notul. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. & Zool. Acad. Sci. Uzbekistan. 9: 24 (1947)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai); Uzbekistan; Tajikistan

30 SIB 32 TZK UZB

species :

Polygonum uniflorum Y.X.Ma & Y.T.Zhao; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(6): 569 (1997)

Distribution: China (Liaoning)

36 CHI

Remarks: status doubtful

species :

Polygonum urnigerum M.Keskin; Phytotaxa 538(2): 114 (2022), as ´urnigera´

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Polygonum urumqiense F.Z.Li, Y.T.Hou & F.J.Lu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 44(2): 167 (2006)

Distribution: China (Xinjiang)

36 CHI

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Polygonum volchovense Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 25: 187 (1988)

Distribution: European Russia; Siberia (W-Siberia); Mongolia

14 RUS 30 SIB 37 MON

species :

Polygonum vvedenskyi Sumnev.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Uzbekistansk. Fil. Akad. Nauk SSSR 2: 9 (1940)

Distribution: Uzbekistan; Tajikistan

32 TZK UZB

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygonum korotkovae Sumn.; Notul. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. & Zool. Acad. Sci. Uzbekistan. 9: 26 (1947)

species :

Polygonum ×pseudobellardii Hausskn.; Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, n.f. 11: 61 (1897)

Distribution: Europe

Remarks: Polygonum arenarium x bellardii

species :

Polygonum ×pseudopulchellum Hausskn.; Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, n.f. 11: 61 (1897)

Distribution: Europe

Remarks: Polygonum arenarium x aviculare

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 24.11 (November 5th, 2024)

Covering 355,576 accepted species,
8,715 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,581 synonyms,
in total 1,412,785* names

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Contact

How to Cite:

Search

+ Family

Filter

Order

Family (38)

Genus (56)

Display options

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 24.11 (November 5th, 2024)

Covering 355,576 accepted species, 8,715 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,581 synonyms, in total 1,412,785* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Covering 355,576 accepted species,
8,715 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,581 synonyms,
in total 1,412,785* names

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]