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Ver. 24.11
November 5th, 2024

034.0000 Family Dryopteridaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 9: 15 (1949), nom. cons.
26 genera, ca. 2100 spp. Phylogeny: Zuo et al. (2024)
Species listed in database: 2174; hybrids: 201
= Aspidiaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. 324, 1156 (1835), nom. illeg.
= Aspidiaceae Mett. ex A.B.Frank; Syn. Pflanzenk. [Leunis] ed. 2, 3: 1469 (1877), nom. illeg.
= Bolbitidaceae (Pic.Serm.) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 16: 15 (1978)
= Elaphoglossaceae Pic.Serm.; Webbia 23: 209 (1968)
= Filicaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 14 (1789), as ´Filices´, nom. illeg., rej.
= Peranemataceae (C.Presl) Ching; Sunyatsenia 5: 246 (1940), nom. rej.
034.1001 Genus Parapolystichum (Keyserl.) Ching; Sunyatsenia 5: 239 (1940)
Distribution: Pantropic and south-temperate. Separation from Lastreopsis see Labiak et al. 2014
Species listed in database: 30
species :
Parapolystichum acuminatum (Houlston) Labiak, Sundue & R.C.Moran; Brittonia 67(1): 81 (2014)
Distribution: Australia
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium acuminatum (Houlston) E.J.Lowe; Ferns 6: t. 11 (1857) (non Willd. (1810))
= Dryopteris acuminata (Houston) Watts; Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 41: 380, 392 (1916)
= Dryopteris acuminata var. cristata Watts; Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales (1916)
= Lastrea acuminata Houlston; Gard. Mag. Bot. 3: 317 (1851)
= Lastreopsis acuminata (Houlston) C.V.Morton; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 38: 245 (1973)
species :
Parapolystichum acutum (Kuntze) Labiak, Sundue & R.C.Moran; Brittonia 67(1): 82 (2014)
Distribution: Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium acutum (Hook.) Fée; Crypt. Vasc. Brésil 2: 76 (1873)
= Ctenitis acuta (Hook.) Brade; Bradea 1: 208 (1972)
= Dryopteris acuta (Hook.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 812 (1891)
= Lastreopsis acuta (Hook.) Tindale; Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 3: 245 (1963)
= Nephrodium acutum Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 4: 147 (1862)
species :
Parapolystichum barterianum (Hook.) Rouhan; Brittonia 67(1): 82 (2014)
Distribution: Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Equatorial Guinea (Rio Muni)
22 NGA 23 BIO CMN EQG
Synonyms: hidden
= Ctenitis barteriana (Hook.) Alston; Bol. Soc. Brot., ser. 2, 30: 12 (1956)
= Dryopteris barteriana (Hook.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 254 (1905)
= Dryopteris hirsutifrons C.Chr.; Index Filic. 270 (1905)
= Lastreopsis barteriana (Hook.) Tardieu; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 343 (1953)
= Nephrodium hendersonii Baker; Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 5: 323 (1891)
= Phegopteris barteriana (Hook.) Mett.; Fil. Afr. [Kuhn] 121 (1868)
= Polypodium barterianum Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 4: 253 (1862)
species :
Parapolystichum boivinii (Baker) Rouhan; Brittonia 67(1): 82 (2014)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium boivinii (Baker) Kuhn; Reisen Ost-Afr. [Decken] 3(3): Bot. 65 (1879)
= Ctenitis boivinii (Baker) Tardieu; Amer. Fern J. 48: 32 (1958)
= Dryopteris boivinii (Baker) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 812 (1891)
= Dryopteris subgranulosa C.Chr.; Index Filic. 295 (1905), nom. nov. for Nephrodium granulosum Baker
= Lastreopsis boivinii (Baker) Tardieu; Humbert, Fl. Madagasc. Fam. 5, 1: 347, t. 42(1-3) (1958)
= Nephrodium boivinii Baker; Syn. Fil. [W. J. Hooker & Baker], ed. 2: 501 (1874)
= Nephrodium granulosum Baker; J. Bot. 29: 4 (1891)
species :
Parapolystichum calanthum (Endl.) J.J.S.Gardner & Nagalingum; Syst. Bot. 42(3): 389 (2017)
Distribution: Norfolk Isl.
50 NFK
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Lastreopsis calantha (Endl.) Tindale; Vict. Naturalist 73: 184 (1957)
= Nephrodium calanthum Endl.; Prodr. Fl. Norfolk. [Endlicher] 9 (1833)
species :
Parapolystichum confine (C.Chr.) Labiak, Sundue & R.C.Moran; Brittonia 67(1): 82 (2014)
Distribution: Cuba; Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic)
81 CUB HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Dryopteris effusa var. confinis C.Chr.; Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., Naturvidensk. Math. Afd., ser. 8, 6: 101 (1920)
= Lastreopsis confinis (C.Chr.) Greuter & R.Rankin; Pl. Vasc. Cuba Invent. Prelim. General pt.: xvi (2017)
= Lastreopsis effusa subsp. confinis (C.Chr.) Tindale; Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 3: 303 (1965)
species :
Parapolystichum coriaceosquamatum (Rakotondr.) Rouhan; Brittonia 67(1): 82 (2014)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Lastreopsis coriaceosquamata Rakotondr.; Adansonia, sér. 3, 31(1): 12 (2009)
species :
Parapolystichum currorii (Mett.) Rouhan; Brittonia 67(1): 82 (2014)
subspecies :
subsp. currorii
Distribution: Guinea; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Principe Isl.; Equatorial Guinea (Rio Muni); Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Burundi; Uganda; Tanzania; Angola; Madagascar
22 GHA GUI IVO LBR NGA 23 BIO BUR CAF CMN CON EQG GAB PRI ZAI 25 TAN UGA 26 ANG 29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium currorii Mett.; Fil. Afr. [Kuhn] 130 (1868)
= Aspidium nigritianum Mett.; Fil. Afr. [Kuhn] 138 (1868)
= Ctenitis currorii (Mett.) Tardieu; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 342 (1953)
= Ctenitis efulensis (Baker) Tardieu; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 342 (1953)
= Ctenitis nigritiana (Mett.) Alston; Bol. Soc. Brot., ser. 2, 30: 12 (1956)
= Dryopteris currorii (Mett.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 812 (1891)
= Dryopteris efulensis (Baker) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 263 (1905)
= Dryopteris nigritiana (Mett.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)
= Dryopteris tomentella C.Chr.; Index Filic. 298 (1905)
= Lastreopsis currorii (Mett.) Tindale; Vict. Naturalist 73: 184 (1957)
= Lastreopsis efulensis (Baker) Tardieu; Fl. Gabon 8: 170, t. 27, f. 1-4 (1964)
= Nephrodium currorii (Mett.) Baker; Syn. Fil. [W. J. Hooker & Baker], ed. 2: 600 (1874)
= Nephrodium nigritanum (Mett.) Baker; Syn. Fil. [W. J. Hooker & Baker], ed. 2: 499 (1874)
= Polypodium efulense Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1897: 299 (1897)
subspecies :
subsp. eglandulosum (Tindale) R.C.Moran & Rouhan; Brittonia 67(1): 82 (2014)
Distribution: Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Congo [Brazzaville]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 BIO CON ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Lastreopsis currorii subsp. eglandulosa Tindale; Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 3(5): 284 (1965)
species :
Parapolystichum effusum (Sw.) Ching; Sunyatsenia 5: 239 (1940)
subspecies :
subsp. effusum
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Oaxaca, San Luis Potosi, Veracruz); Guatemala; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic); Puerto Rico; St. Vincent; Ecuador
79 MEX 80 COS GUA NIC PAN 81 CUB HIS JAM PUE STV 83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium effusum (Sw.) Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W.I. [Grisebach] 690 (1864)
= Aspidium laetum Moritz; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 12: 855 (1854)
= Ctenitis effusa (Sw.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 124 (1947)
= Dryopteris confinis Maxon; Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., Naturvidensk. Math. Afd., ser. 8, 6: 101 (1920)
= Dryopteris effusa (Sw.) Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 4: 16 (1903)
= Dryopteris effusa var. tenuis Hassl.; Trab. Inst. Bot. Farmacol. 45: 23 (1928)
= Dryopteris multifida Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 811 (1891)
= Dryopteris ulvensis Hieron.; Hedwigia 46: 346 (1907)
= Filix-mas effusa (Sw.) Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 234-251 (1931)
= Lastrea grandifolia C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 6 [Epim. Bot.]: 39 (1851)
= Lastreopsis effusa (Sw.) Tindale; Vict. Naturalist 73: 184 (1957)
= Lastreopsis effusa subsp. dilatata (Liebm.) Tindale; Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 3: 299 (1965)
= Nephrodium effusum (Sw.) Baker; Syn. Fil. [W. J. Hooker & Baker] 287 (1867)
= Phegopteris effusa (Sw.) Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 243 (1852)
= Phegopteris portoricensis (Spreng.) Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 243 (1852)
= Polypodium daucifolium Poir.; Encycl. [J. Lamarck et al.] 5: 542 (1804)
= Polypodium dilatatum Liebm.; Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., Naturvidensk. Math. Afd., ser. 5, 1: 208 (1849)
= Polypodium effusum Sw.; Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. 14 (1788)
= Polypodium miser Heward; Mag. Nat. Hist. II(2): 460 (1838)
= Polypodium multifidum Jacq.; Collectanea [Jacquin] 3: 187 (1789)
= Polypodium portoricense Spreng.; Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 10: 230 (1821)
= Polystichum effusum (Sw.) Keyserl.; Polyp. Herb. Bunge 45 (1873)
variant :
var. divergens (Willd. ex Schkuhr) Abbiatti; Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 9(36-37): 19 (1958)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Martinique; St. Vincent; Grenada; Trinidad; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Chocó, La Guajira, Meta, Nariño, Quindío, Risaralda, Valle); Venezuela (Apure, Aragua, Bolívar, Carabobo, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Lara, Miranda, Monagas, Portuguesa, Tachira, Yaracuy, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz); Brazil (Acre, Ceará, Espírito Santo, Maranhão, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Pará, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Canindeyu, Cordillera, Caaguazu, Itapua, Paraguari, San Pedro); Argentina (Misiones)
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 GRE HIS JAM MAR STV TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ctenitis effusa var. divergens (Willd. ex Schkuhr) Proctor; Ferns Jamaica 415 (1985)
= Dryopteris effusa var. divergens (Willd. ex Schkuhr) Hieron.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 447 (1905)
= Lastreopsis effusa subsp. divergens (Willd. ex Schkuhr) Tindale; Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 3: 299 (1965)
= Lastreopsis effusa var. divergens (Willd. ex Schkuhr) Proctor; Ferns Jamaica 415 (1985)
= Nephrodium effusum var. divergens (Willd. ex Schkuhr) Hieron.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34(4): 447 (1904)
= Phegopteris divergens (Willd. ex Schkuhr) Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 243 (1852)
= Polypodium divergens var. macrophyllum Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 4: 265 (1862)
= Polypodium divergens Willd. ex Schkuhr; 24. Kl. Linn. Pfl.-Syst. 1: 27 (1806)
species :
Parapolystichum excultum (Mett.) Labiak, Sundue & R.C.Moran; Brittonia 67(1): 83 (2014)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Chocó, Valle); Venezuela (Aragua, Lara, Portuguesa, Yaracuy, Zulia); Ecuador; Bolivia (La Paz)
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium chontalense E.Fourn.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 19: 254 (1872)
= Aspidium effusum var. xanthotrichium (Sodiro) Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 4: 961 (1904)
= Aspidium excultum Mett.; Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 2(2) [Pheg. u. Asp.]: 69 (1858)
= Aspidium guatemalense Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 6: 56 (1906)
= Aspidium radicans Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 294 (1850)
= Ctenitis exculta (Mett.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 124 (1947)
= Dryopteris chontalensis (E.Fourn.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 257 (1905)
= Dryopteris effusa var. exculta (Mett.) Hieron.; Hedwigia 46: 348 (1907)
= Dryopteris exculta (Mett.) C.Chr.; Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., Naturvidensk. Math. Afd., ser. 8, 6: 95, f. 20 (1920)
= Dryopteris exculta var. guatemalensis (Baker) C.Chr.; Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., Naturvidensk. Math. Afd., ser. 8, 6: 96 (1920)
= Dryopteris exculta var. squamifera C.Chr.; Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., Naturvidensk. Math. Afd., ser. 8, 6: 96 (1920)
= Dryopteris guatemalensis (Baker) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 812 (1891)
= Dryopteris xanthotrichia (Sodiro) Hieron.; Hedwigia 46: 348 (1906)
= Lastrea exculta (Mett.) T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 91 (1858)
= Lastreopsis chontalensis (E.Fourn.) Lellinger; Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 89(61): 716 (1977)
= Lastreopsis exculta (Mett.) Tindale; Vict. Naturalist 73: 185 (1957)
= Lastreopsis exculta subsp. guatemalensis (Baker) Tindale; Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 3: 245 (1963)
= Lastreopsis exculta subsp. squamifera (C.Chr.) Tindale; Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 3: 245 (1963)
= Lastreopsis guatemalensis (Baker) L.D.Gómez; Brenesia 8: 50 (1976)
= Lastreopsis squamifera (C.Chr.) Lellinger; Amer. Fern J. 93(3): 148 (2003)
= Nephrodium chontalense Hemsl.; Biol. Centr.-Amer., Bot. 3: 645 (1885)
= Nephrodium effusum var. excultum (Hook.) Baker; Syn. Fil. [W. J. Hooker & Baker] 287 (1867)
= Nephrodium excultum (Mett.) Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 4: 149 (1862)
= Nephrodium guatemalense Baker; Syn. Fil. [W. J. Hooker & Baker], ed. 2: 498 (1874)
= Nephrodium rufopunctatum J.Bommer; Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 4: 961 (1904)
= Nephrodium xanthotrichium Sodiro; Recens. Crypt. Vasc. Quit.: 52 (1883)
species :
Parapolystichum fideleae (Rakotondr.) Rouhan; Brittonia 67(1): 83 (2014)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Lastreopsis fideleae Rakotondr.; Adansonia, sér. 3, 31(1): 15 (2009)
species :
Parapolystichum glabellum (A.Cunn.) Labiak, Sundue & R.C.Moran; Brittonia 67(1): 83 (2014)
Distribution: New Zealand (North Isl., South Isl., Stewart Isl.); Chatham Isl.
51 CTM NZL
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium glabellum (A.Cunn.) E.J.Lowe; Ferns 6: t. 32 (1857)
= Ctenitis glabella (A.Cunn.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 124 (1947)
= Dryopteris decomposita var. glabella (A.Cunn.) Maiden & Betche; Census N. S. W. Pl. 2 (1916)
= Dryopteris glabella (A.Cunn.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 267 (1905)
= Lastrea glabella (A.Cunn.) T.Moore & Houlston; Gard. Mag. Bot. 3 (1851)
= Lastreopsis glabella (A.Cunn.) Tindale; Vict. Naturalist 73: 183 (1957)
= Nephrodium decompositum var. glabellum (A.Cunn.) Hook.f.; (1855)
= Nephrodium decompositum var. macrophyllum Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 4: 146 (1862)
= Nephrodium glabellum A.Cunn.; Hook., Compan. Bot. Mag. 2: 367 (1836)
species :
Parapolystichum grayi (D.L.Jones) J.J.S.Gardner & Nagalingum; Syst. Bot. 42(3): 389 (2017)
Distribution: Australia (NE-Queensland)
50 AUS
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Lastreopsis grayi D.L.Jones; Muelleria 3: 245 (1977)
species :
Parapolystichum hornei (Baker) Rouhan; Brittonia 67(1): 83 (2014)
Distribution: Seychelles
29 SEY
Remarks: not in Madagascar
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium hornei (Baker) Kuhn; Reisen Ost-Afr. [Decken] 3(3): Bot. 69 (1879)
= Dryopteris hornei (Baker) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)
= Lastreopsis hornei (Baker) Tindale; Vict. Naturalist 73: 184 (1957)
= Nephrodium hornei Baker; Syn. Fil. [W. J. Hooker & Baker], ed. 2: 500 (1874)
species :
Parapolystichum kermadecense (Perrie & Brownsey) Perrie & L.D.Sheph.; Syst. Bot. 42(3): 390 (2017)
Distribution: Kermadec Isl.
51 KER
Synonyms: hidden
= Lastreopsis kermadecensis Perrie & Brownsey; New Zealand J. Bot. 50(1): 33 (2012)
species :
Parapolystichum manongarivense (Rakotondr.) Rouhan; Brittonia 67(1): 83 (2014)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Lastreopsis manongarivensis Rakotondr.; Adansonia, sér. 3, 31(1): 15 (2009)
species :
Parapolystichum microsorum (Endl.) Labiak, Sundue & R.C.Moran; Brittonia 67(1): 83 (2014)
subspecies :
subsp. microsorum
Distribution: Australia (E-Queensland, E-New South Wales, E-Victoria); Norfolk Isl.
50 AUS NFK
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium acuminatum var. villosum F.M.Bailey; Rep. Govt. Sci. Exp. Bellenden-Ker 78 (1889)
= Aspidium microsorum (Endl.) Kaulf.; Exsicc. (Fl. Mixta) n. 101 (1827)
= Dryopteris albovillosa Watts; Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 39: 771, t. 88 t 8 (1915)
= Dryopteris baileyana Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 86: 37 (1913)
= Lastrea microsora (Endl.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 76 (1836)
= Lastreopsis microsora (Endl.) Tindale; Vict. Naturalist 73: 181 (1957)
= Nephrodium baileyanum Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 86: 37 (1913), pro syn.
= Nephrodium decompositum var. pubescens Hook.f.; Bot. Antarct. Voy. II (Fl. Nov.-Zel.) 1: 39 (1854)
= Nephrodium microsorum Endl.; Prodr. Fl. Norfolk. [Endlicher] 9 (1833)
subspecies :
subsp. pentangulare (Colenso) Labiak, Sundue & R.C.Moran; Brittonia 67(1): 83 (2014)
Distribution: New Zealand (North Isl., South Isl.); Chatham Isl.
51 CTM NZL
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium pentangularum (Colenso) Colenso; Tasmanian J. Nat. Sci. 2(8): t. LXXX (1845)
= Ctenitis pentangularis (Colenso) Alston; Amer. Fern J. 45: 160 (1955)
= Lastreopsis microsora subsp. pentangularis (Colenso) Tindale; Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 3: 334 (1965)
= Nephrodium pentangularum Colenso; Tasmanian J. Nat. Sci. 2: 169 (1844)
species :
Parapolystichum munitum (Mett.) Labiak, Sundue & R.C.Moran; Brittonia 67(1): 83 (2014)
Distribution: Australia (SE-Queensland, NE-New South Wales)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Dryopteris baileyi Maiden & Betche; Census New South Wales Pl. p. ? (1916)
= Dryopteris queenslandica Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 86: 44, f. 7 (1913)
= Lastreopsis munita (Kaulf. ex Mett.) Tindale; Vict. Naturalist 73: 183 (1957)
= Nephrodium queenslandicum Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 20: 44 (1913), pro syn.
= Phegopteris munita Kaulf. ex Mett.; Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 2(2): [Pheg. u. Asp. 14, no. 18] (1858)
= Phegopteris queenslandica (Domin) Watts; Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 41: 380 (1916)
= Polypodium aspidioides F.M.Bailey; Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 6: 32 (1881) (non C. Presl (1822))
species :
Parapolystichum nigritianum (Baker) Rouhan; Brittonia 67(1): 83 (2014)
Distribution: Liberia; Ivory Coast; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Principe Isl.; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]
22 IVO LBR NGA 23 BIO CMN CON GAB PRI ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ctenitis currorii var. tomentella (C.Chr.) C.D.Adams & Alston; Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Botany 1,6: 174 (1955)
= Ctenitis pubigera Alston; Bol. Soc. Brot., ser. 2, 30: 12 (1956), nom. nov. for Polypodium nigritianum Baker (1867), non Aspidium nigritianum Mett. (1868)
= Dryopteris nigritiana (Baker) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 279 (1905), non Kuntze (1891)
= Lastreopsis nigritiana (Baker) Tind.; Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 3: 245 (1963)
= Polypodium nigritianum Baker; Syn. Fil. [W. J. Hooker & Baker] 313 (1867) (non Ctenitis nigritiana (Mett.) Alston)
species :
Parapolystichum novoguineense (Holttum) Sundue & Testo; Phytotaxa 243(2): 194 (2016)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Lastreopsis novoguineensis Holttum; Blumea 35(2): 557 (1991)
species :
Parapolystichum pacificum (Tindale) J.J.S.Gardner & Nagalingum; Syst. Bot. 42(3): 390 (2017)
Distribution: [Western] Samoa; Cook Isl. (Rarotonga); Society Isl.; Pitcairn Isl.
60 SAM 61 COO PIT SCI
Synonyms: hidden
= Lastreopsis pacifica Tind.; Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 3: 329 (1965)
species :
Parapolystichum perrierianum (C.Chr.) Rouhan; Brittonia 67(1): 84 (2014)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Dryopteris perrieriana C.Chr.; Notes Ptéridol. [Bonaparte] 16: 176, t. 4 (1925)
= Lastreopsis perrieriana (C.Chr.) J.P.Roux; Bothalia 34(2): 108 (2004)
species :
Parapolystichum pseudoperrierianum (Tardieu) Rouhan; Brittonia 67(1): 84 (2014)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Ctenitis pseudoperrieriana Tardieu; Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 6: 240, f. 10 (1955)
= Lastreopsis pseudoperrieriana (Tardieu) Tardieu; Adansonia, sér. 2, 5: 497 (1965)
species :
Parapolystichum rufescens (Blume) Labiak, Sundue & R.C.Moran; Brittonia 67(1): 84 (2014)
Distribution: Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Lombok, Bali, Flores, Timor); Australia (E-Queensland); New Caledonia
42 JAW LSI 50 AUS 60 NWC
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium rufescens Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 168 (1828)
= Ctenitis rufescens (Blume) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 125 (1947)
= Dryopteris rufescens (Blume) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 290 (1905)
= Dryopteris tropica (F.M.Bailey) Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 20: 44 (1913)
= Lastreopsis rufescens (Blume) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 160 (1938)
= Nephrodium rufescens (Blume) Diels; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] I, 4: 175 (1899)
= Phegopteris rufescens (Blume) Mett.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 223 (1863)
= Phegopteris tropica (F.M.Bailey) Watts; Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 41: 380 (1916)
= Polypodium aspidioides var. tropicum F.M.Bailey; Fern World Australia: 65 (1881)
= Polypodium rufescens (Blume) Blume; Fl. Javae, Fil. 194 (1851)
= Polystichum rufescens (Blume) T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 102 (1858)
species :
Parapolystichum smithianum (Tindale) Labiak, Sundue & R.C.Moran; Brittonia 67(1): 84 (2014)
Distribution: Australia (SE-Queensland, NE-New South Wales); New Caledonia
50 AUS 60 NWC
Synonyms: hidden
= Lastreopsis smithiana Tind.; Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 3: 90 (1961)
species :
Parapolystichum subsimile (Hook.) Rouhan; Brittonia 67(1): 84 (2014)
Distribution: Liberia; Ivory Coast; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Gabon
22 IVO LBR NGA 23 BIO CMN GAB
Remarks: not in Madagascar
Synonyms: hidden
= Ctenitis subsimilis (Hook.) Tardieu; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 342 (1953)
= Dryopteris bicolor Bonap.; Notes Ptéridol. 14: 204 (1924)
= Dryopteris subsimilis (Hook.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 296 (1905)
= Gymnogramma subsimilis Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 5: 142, t. 293 (1864)
= Lastreopsis subsimilis (Hook.) Tindale; Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 3: 245 (1963)
= Leptogramma bicolor (Bonap.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 242 (1941)
= Leptogramma subsimilis (Hook.) J.Sm.; Hist. Fil. 232 (1875)
= Phegopteris subsimilis (Hook.) Mett.; Fil. Afr. [Kuhn] 123 (1868)
= Thelypteris bicolor (Bonap.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 264 (1968)
= Thelypteris subsimilis (Hook.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 318 (1968)
species :
Parapolystichum tinarooense (Tindale) Labiak, Sundue & R.C.Moran; Brittonia 67(1): 84 (2014)
Distribution: Australia (NE-Queensland)
50 AUS
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Lastreopsis tinarooensis Tindale; Gard. Bull. Singapore 39(2): 170 (1986 publ. 1987)
species :
Parapolystichum villosissimum C.Sánchez & Labiak; Brittonia 71(3): 236 (2019)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Lastreopsis villosissima (C.Sánchez & Labiak) Greuter & R.Rankin; Revista Jard. Bot. Nac. Univ. Habana 43: 125 (2022)
species :
Parapolystichum vogelii (Hook.) Rouhan; Brittonia 67(1): 84 (2014)
Distribution: Guinea; Ivory Coast; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Equatorial Guinea (Rio Muni); Congo [Brazzaville]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Uganda
22 GUI IVO NGA 23 BIO CMN CON EQG RWA ZAI 25 UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ctenitis subcoriacea (C.Chr.) Alston; Bol. Soc. Brot., ser. 2, 30: 12 (1956)
= Dryopteris subcoriacea C.Chr.; Index Filic. 295 (1905), nom. nov. for Polypodium vogelii Hook., non Dryopteris vogelii (Hook.) C. Chr. (1905)
= Lastreopsis vogelii (Hook.) Tindale; Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 3: 245 (1963)
= Phegopteris vogelii (Hook.) Kuhn; Filic. Afr. 124 (1868)
= Polypodium vogelii Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 4: 271 (1862)
species :
Parapolystichum windsorense (D.L.Jones & B.Gray) Labiak, Sundue & R.C.Moran; Brittonia 67(1): 84 (2014)
Distribution: Australia (NE-Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Lastreopsis windsorensis D.L.Jones & B.Gray; Fl. Australia 48: 711 (1998)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 24.11 (November 5th, 2024)

Covering 355,576 accepted species,
8,715 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,581 synonyms,
in total 1,412,785* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life