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Ver. 24.11
November 5th, 2024

177.0000 Family Papaveraceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 235 (1789), nom. cons.
43 genera, ca. 1000 spp. Revised classification: Peng et al. (2024)
Species listed in database: 1021; hybrids: 19
= Chelidoniaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 124 (1820)
= Eschscholziaceae Ser.; Fl. Jard. 2: 106 (1847)
= Fumariaceae Marquis; Esq. Règne Vég.: 50 (1820), nom. cons.
= Hypecoaceae Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 875 (1880)
= Platystemonaceae Lilja; Skånes Fl., ed. 2: 862, 979 (1870)
177.4314 Genus Papaver L.; Sp. Pl. 506 (1753) s. str.
Distribution: Europe (except Scandinavia), Mediterranean, Macaronesia, N-Africa, Arabia, W- & C-Asia to N-India. Many species formerly listed here were recently transferred to neighboring genera. There has also been significant oversplitting, and many species listed are probably only synonyms.
Species listed in database: 63; hybrids: 3
= Calomecon Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. 7: 7 (1838)
= Cerastites Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 703 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Closterandra Boivin; C. P. Bélanger, Voy. Indes Or.: t. s. n. (1839)
species :
Papaver acrochaetum Bornm.; Mitt. Thür. Bot. Ver. N. F. 7: 6 (1895)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)
34 IRN IRQ TUR
Remarks: sect. Meconidium (armeniacum agg.)
species :
Papaver albiflorum (Elkan) Pacz.; Trudy Bot. Sada lmp. Jur´evsk. Univ. 6: 147 (1906)
Distribution: Bulgaria; Romania; North Macedonia; Greece (NC-Greece, rare C-Greece, Sporades, NE-Greece, Samothraki); Moldova; Ukraine; Northern Caucasus
13 BUL GRC NMA ROM 14 MLD UKR 33 NCS
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.)
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver dubium subsp. albiflorum (Elkan) Dostál
= Papaver dubium subsp. albiflorum (Elkan) Grey-Wilson; (comb. superfl.)
= Papaver paczoskii Mikheev; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 90(3): 91 (1985), nom. nov.
species :
Papaver arachnoideum Kadereit; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 45(2): 250 (1988 publ. 1989)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.), arenarium subagg.
species :
Papaver arenarium M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucasus 3: 364 (1819)
Distribution: E-European Russia; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran)
14 RUS 32 KAZ TKM 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ TUR
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.), arenarium subagg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver caucasicum J.Henning; Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 6: 73 (1823) non M. Bieb.
species :
Papaver armeniacum (L.) DC.; Syst. Nat. 2: 83 (1821)
subspecies :
subsp. armeniacum
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Talysh, Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)
33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ TUR
Remarks: sect. Meconidium (armeniacum agg.)
Synonyms: hidden
= Argemone armeniaca L.; Sp. Pl. 509 (1753)
= Papaver armeniacum subsp. microstigmum (Boiss.) Kadereit; Edinburgh J. Bot. 50(2): 131 (1993)
= Papaver caucasicum M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucasus 2: 5 (1808)
= Papaver caucasicum var. stenocarpum Boiss.; Fl. 1: 110 (1867)
= Papaver floribundum Desf.; Ann. Mus. Par. 6: 376 (1805)
= Papaver fugax Poir.; Lam., Encycl. 5: 118 (1804)
= Papaver hispidum Desf. ex Elkan; Tent. Monogr. Papaver: 22 (1839), non Lam.
= Papaver ramosissimum Elkan; Tent. Monogr. Papaver: 21 (1839)
= Papaver ramosissimum Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 363 (1909)
= Papaver roopianum Bordz ex Sosn.; Monit. Jard. Bot. Tiflis 27: 3 (1913)
= Papaver spectabile Link ex Elkan; Tent. Monogr. Papaver 22 (1839)
= Papaver tauricum Elkan; Tent. Monogr. Papaver: 21 (1839)
= Papaver virgatum Sm.; A. Rees, Cycl. 26: no. 9 (1813)
subspecies :
subsp. pilgerianum (Fedde) Kadereit; Edinburgh J. Bot. 50(2): 133 (1993)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver armenum var. pilgerianum Fedde
species :
Papaver atlanticum (Ball) Coss.; Ill. Fl. Atlant. 1: 11. (1882?) 11 t. 6, et Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 64 (1883)
subspecies :
subsp. atlanticum
Name: Atlas-Mohn (DE)
Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland [I], Isle of Man [I]); Ireland [I] (SE-Ireland [I]); Germany [I]; Ukraine [I]; Morocco; New Zealand [I]
10 grb ire 11 ger 14 ukr 20 MOR 51 nzl
Remarks: sect. Pseudopilosa (rupifragum agg.)
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver rupifragum subsp. atlanticum (Ball) Maire; Jahand. & Maire, Cat. Pl. Maroc. 258 (1932)
= Papaver rupifragum var. atlanticum Ball; J. Bot. 11: 296 (1873)
subspecies :
subsp. mesatlanticum (Maire) Kadereit; Edinburgh J. Bot. 53(3): 303 (1996)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver rupifragum var. mesatlanticum Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 36: 86 (1945)
species :
Papaver bipinnatum C.A.Mey.; Verz. Pfl. Caucasus 175 (1831)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Talysh); NW-Iran
33 ARM AZE NCS 34 IRN
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.), dubium subagg.; possibly a synonym of P. arenarium
species :
Papaver bracteatum Lindl.; Coll. Bot. t. 23 (1821)
Distribution: Slovakia [I]; Northern Caucasus; Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Japan [I]; Vietnam [I]
11 slo 33 NCS 34 IRN 38 jap 41 vie
Remarks: sect. Macrantha (orientale agg.)
Synonyms: hidden
= Calomecon bracteatum (Lindl.) Spach; Hist. Veg. Phan. 7: 9 (1839)
= Papaver lasiocalyx Fedde ex Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 19(2): 202 (1906)
= Papaver lasiothrix Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 366 (1969)
= Papaver orientale M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 2: 5 (1808), non L.
= Papaver orientale var. lasiothrix (Fedde) Grossh.
= Papaver pollakii A.Kern.; Wiener Ill. Gart.-Zeitung 13: 272 (1888)
= Papaver pulcherrimum Fisch. ex Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 2: 266 (1841)
= Papaver yildirimlii Ertekin; Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi 15(1): 2 (2008)
species :
Papaver carmeli Feinbrun; Israel J. Bot. 12: 83 (1963)
Distribution: Israel (N-Israel)
34 ISR
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.)
species :
Papaver chelidoniifolium Boiss. & Buhse; Nouv. Mem. Soc. Nat. Moscou 12: 11 (1860)
Distribution: Azerbaijan (Talysh); Iran (N-Iran)
33 AZE 34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver chelidoniifolium f. tenuisectum (Fedde & Bornm.) Parsa; Fl. Iran 2: 394 (1986)
variant :
var. pinnatum Tavakkoli & Assadi; Nordic J. Bot. 34(3): 319 (2016)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Papaver clavatum Boiss. & Hausskn. ex Boiss.; Boissier, Fl. Orient. 1: 112 (1867)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia)
34 TUR
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.)
species :
Papaver commutatum Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Index Sem. Hort. Petrop. 4: 41 (1838)
Name: Marienkäfer-Mohn (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Turkmenistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, W-Iran)
11 ger 32 TKM 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ TUR
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.), arenarium subagg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver commutatum f. grandimaculatum Zapal.; 448 (1911)
= Papaver commutatum f. leucanthemum Zapal.; 448 (1911)
= Papaver commutatum var. tyraicum Zapal.; 448 (1911)
= Papaver lacerum Popov; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 749 (1937)
= Papaver lacerum var. litwinowii (Fedde ex Bornm.) Parsa; Fl. Iran 2: 396 (1986), basionym not validly publ.
= Papaver litwinowii Fedde ex Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 19(2): 202 (1906), nomen
= Papaver litwinowii Fedde ex Popov; Kom., Fl. URSS 7: 640 (1937)
= Papaver rhoeas var. commutatum (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Elkan; 28 (1839)
= Papaver strigosum subsp. commutatum (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Pawl.; Szafer, 83 (1927)
species :
Papaver confine Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 457 (1861)
Name: Verkannter Mohn, Rotmilchender Mohn (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Greece (Sterea Ellas); East Aegaean Isl.; etc.
11 CZE GER HUN SLO 12 FRA 13 GRC 34 EAI
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.), dubium subagg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver dubium var. confine (Jord.) Fedde; 316 (1909)
= Papaver dubium subsp. confine (Jord.) Hörandl; Linz. Biol. Beitr. 26(1): 422 (1994)
species :
Papaver curviscapum Nábelek; Bull. Fac. Sci. Univ. Masaryk, Brno 35: 20 (1923)
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NW-Iraq)
34 IRQ TUR
Remarks: sect. Meconidium (armeniacum agg.)
species :
Papaver cylindricum Cullen; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 25: 42 (1963)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (W-Iran)
34 IRN IRQ TUR
Remarks: sect. Meconidium (armeniacum agg.); often included in P. armeniacum
species :
Papaver cyprium (Chrtek & B.Slavík) M.V.Agab., Christodoulou & Hand; Willdenowia 41(2): 348 (2011)
Distribution:
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.)
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver rhoeas subsp. cyprium Chrtek & B.Slavík; Preslia 53: 48 (1981)
species :
Papaver decaisnei Hochst. & Steud. ex Boiss.; Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 2, 16: 372 (1841)
Distribution: Egypt (Eastern Desert); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Bamyan, Farah, Ghazni, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Wardak, Parwan); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Saudi Arabia (Midyan); United Arab Emirates; Oman; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Waziristan, Kurram, N. W. Frontier Prov., Chitral, Pakistani Punjab)
20 EGY 34 AFG IRN IRQ SIN 35 OMA SAU UAE 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver decaisnei var. dielsianum Fedde
= Papaver decaisnei var. patulum Tavakkoli & Assadi; Iranian J. Bot. 15(1): 64 (2009)
= Papaver decaisnei var. setosum Tavakkoli & Assadi; Iranian J. Bot. 15(1): 63 (2009)
= Papaver turbinatum Fresen.; Mus. Senckenberg. 1: 173 (1833) non DC.
species :
Papaver dubium L.; Sp. Pl. 1196 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. dubium
Name: Saat-Mohn (DE); Blindeyes, Long-headed Poppy (EN); Amapola borracha (ES)
Distribution: Faeroe Isl.; England (England, Wales, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl., Isle of Man, Isles of Scilly); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Channel Isl. (Alderney, Jersey, Guernsey); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (rare mainland, Kiklades: Naxos, Amorgos, Thira, Anafi); Crete; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; E-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); Azores (Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Nisiros); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (Jazira, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Sinai peninsula (N-Sinai); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram, Waziristan, Chitral, Hazara, Pakistani Punjab); N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Uttarakhand); Australia [I] (South Australia [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Greenland [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I]); USA [I] (Arkansas [I], California [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Missouri [I], North Carolina [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], Tennessee [I], Virginia [I], Washington State [I], West Virginia [I]); Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Magallanes [I])
10 DEN FIN FOR GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL CIS COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA PEL PTL ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY MDR 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ LEB SIN SYR TUR 40 IND PAK 50 aus 51 ctm nzl 70 gnl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa 85 arg cle
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.), dubium subagg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Cerastites dubia (L.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 704 (1821)
= Cerastites laciniatus Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 704 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Papaver agreste E.H.L.Krause; Sturm, Fl. Deutschland, ed. 2, 6: 9 (1902)
= Papaver ambiguum Jord. & Fourr.; Brev. Pl. Nov. i. 3 (1866)
= Papaver angustulum Jord. & Fourr.; Brev. Pl. Nov. 1: 2 (1866)
= Papaver arenarium var. modestum (Jord.) Parsa; Fl. Iran 2: 392 (1986)
= Papaver breviflorum Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 214 (1782)
= Papaver collinum Bogenh. ex Bisch.; Index Seminum (HEID, Heidelbergensi) 1849: 4 (1849)
= Papaver corsicum Jord. & Fourr.; Brev. Pl. Nov. i. 4 (1866)
= Papaver depressum Jord. & Fourr.; Brev. Pl. Nov. i. 4 (1866)
= Papaver dubium subsp. collinum (Bischoff) Gremli; 80 (1874)
= Papaver dubium subsp. lamottei (Boreau) Syme; 89 (1863)
= Papaver dubium var. collinum (Bogenh. ex Bisch.) Fedde; 315 (1909)
= Papaver dubium var. erosum Tavakkoli & Assadi; Iranian J. Bot. 15(1): 65 (figs, map) (2009)
= Papaver dubium var. glabrum W.D.J.Koch; 25 (1833)
= Papaver dubium var. lamottei (Boreau) Cariot
= Papaver dubium var. maculatum Tavakkoli & Assadi; Iranian J. Bot. 15(1): 65 (figs, map) (2009)
= Papaver dubium var. modestum (Jord.) Fedde
= Papaver dubium var. obtusifolium (Desf.) Elkan; Monogr. Papav.: 25 (1839)
= Papaver dubium var. subintegrum (Kuntze) Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 315 (1909)
= Papaver dubium var. subpinnatifidum (Kuntze) Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 317 (1909)
= Papaver dubium var. umbilicatum Fedde; 317 (1909)
= Papaver errabundum Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 461 (1861)
= Papaver erroneum Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 459 (1861)
= Papaver glaucioides H.Roux; Bull. Soc. Bot. Hort. Provence 1: 83 (1879)
= Papaver hirtodubium Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 303 (1909)
= Papaver improperum Jord. & Fourr.; Brev. Pl. Nov. i. 3 (1866)
= Papaver lamottei Boreau; Fl. Centre France, ed. 3 (Boreau) 2: 30 (1857)
= Papaver luteorubrum Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 460 (1861)
= Papaver maculosum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 36 (1866)
= Papaver medium L.; Fl. Anglica: 17 (1754)
= Papaver mixtum Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon sér. 2, 7: 459 (1861)
= Papaver modestum Jord.; Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci. ser. 2, 1: 215 (1851)
= Papaver obtusifolium Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 1: 407 (1798)
= Papaver parviflorum Lam.; Fl. Franç. (Lam.) 3: 173 (1779)
= Papaver raripilum Jord. & Fourr.; Brev. Pl. Nov. i. 3 (1866)
= Papaver rhoeas f. subintegrum Kuntze
= Papaver segetale var. dubium (L.) K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; Spenn., 979 (1829)
= Papaver turbinatum DC.; Syst. Nat. 2: 84 (1821)
= Papaver vagum Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 458 (1861)
subspecies :
subsp. austromoravicum (Kubát) Hörandl; Linz. Biol. Beitr. 26(1): 423 (1994)
Name: Südmährischer Mohn
Distribution: NE-Austria; Germany [I]; Czech Republic; Slovakia; North Macedonia
11 AUT CZE ger SLO 13 NMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver albiflorum subsp. austromoravicum Kubát; Preslia 52(2): 111 (1980)
= Papaver dubium var. albiflorum Besser; 47 (1821), nom. inval.
= Papaver maculosum subsp. austromoravicum (Kubát) Kubát; Severoceskou Prir. 33-34: 155 (2002)
subspecies :
subsp. stevenianum (Mikheev) Kubát & Síposová; Fl. Slovenska 5(4): 766 (42) (2002)
Distribution: Moldova [I]; Northern Caucasus
14 mld 33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver alberti Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 71(6): 809 (1986)
= Papaver stevenianum Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 78(5): 123 (1993)
species :
Papaver gabrielianae M.V.Agab.; Fl. Rastitel´nost´ Rastitel´nye Resursy Armen. 16: 27 (2007)
Distribution: Armenia
33 ARM
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.)
species :
Papaver glabrum Royle; Intr. Bot. Himalaya. 67 (1834)
Distribution: Nepal
40 NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver dubium subsp. glabrum (Royle) Kadereit; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 45(2): 247 (1988 publ. 1989)
species :
Papaver glaucum Boiss. & Hausskn.; Boiss., Fl. 1: 116 (1867)
Name: Tulip poppy (EN), Blaugrüner Mohn (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Turkey (E-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq); Iran (E-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Syria (Jazira, C-Syrian Desert); Jordania (E-Jordania, S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia; USA [I] (New York [I], Utah [I]); Venezuela [I]; Bolivia [I]
11 ger 34 IRN IRQ JOR SYR TUR 35 SAU 75 usa 76 usa 82 ven 83 bol
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver glaucum var. sintenisii Rothm.; H. Stubbe, 43 (1949)
= Papaver rogersii Exell; J. Bot. 68: 82 (1930)
variant :
var. gaubae (Cullen & Rech.f.) Sharifnia & Heydarian; Iranian J. Bot. 16(1): 67 (2010)
Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver gaubae Cullen & Rech.f.; Rech.f., Fl. Iranica 34: 16 (1966)
species :
Papaver gorgoneum Cout.; Herb. Gorg. Cat. 1: 284 (1914)
subspecies :
subsp. gorgoneum
Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. (Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Fogo Isl.)
21 CVI
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium
subspecies :
subsp. theresias Kadereit & Lobin; Nordic J. Bot. 9(6): 646 (1990)
Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl.)
21 CVI
species :
Papaver gorovanicum M.V.Agab.; Takhtajania 2: 134 (2013)
Distribution: Armenia (Gorovan)
33 ARM
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.)
species :
Papaver gracile Aucher ex Boiss.; Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 2, 16: 372 (1841)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Ikaria, Samos, Agathonisi, Kalimnos, Nisyros, Kastellorhizo Isl.); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus)
34 CYP EAI TUR
species :
Papaver guerlekense Stapf; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math. Naturwiss. Kl. 51: 359 (1886)
Name: Rotborstiger Mohn (DE); Rusty-haired Poppy (EN)
Distribution: ?Baleares; Greece; Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Skopelos, Rhodos); Turkey (SW-Anatolia); Iran (S-Iran)
13 GRC KRI 34 EAI IRN TUR
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.). Status uncertain, probably only a variant of P. rhoeas fide Strid (2024)
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver apicigemmatum Fedde; Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2, 5: 448 (1905)
= Papaver dubium var. stipitatum (Fedde) E.U.Zajac; Fl. Polski Rosl. Naczyniowe, ed. 2, 4: 106 (1985), without exact basionym page
= Papaver rhopalothece Stapf; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 51: 359 (1886)
= Papaver stipitatum Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 322 (1909)
species :
Papaver holophyllum Sam. ex Rech.f.; Ark. Bot. 1: 304 (1950)
Distribution: Jordania (W-Jordania)
34 JOR
species :
Papaver humile Fedde; Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2, 5: 446 (1905)
subspecies :
subsp. humile
Distribution: Egypt (NE-Egypt, NW-coastal Egypt); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania)
20 EGY 34 ISR JOR SIN
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.)
subspecies :
subsp. sharonense Feinbrun; Israel J. Bot. 12: 90 (1963)
Distribution: Israel
34 ISR
species :
Papaver kachrooianum Tabinda, Dar & Naqshi; Pakistan J. Bot. 42(Sp. Issue): 58 (2010), as ´kachroianum´
Distribution: N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir)
40 IND
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.), arenarium subagg.
species :
Papaver laevigatum M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 3: 364 (1820)
Name: Glatter Saat-Mohn (DE)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; European Turkey; N-Greece (rare); E-European Russia; Moldova; SE-Ukraine; Crimea; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Armenia; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iran (W-Iran); Afghanistan (Bamyan, Herat, Kabul, Laghman, Paktia / Khost, Parwan); Saudi Arabia (Hejaz); Oman (Mascat & Oman); Yemen (N-Inner Yemen)
13 ALB BUL GRC KOS NMA SRB TUE 14 KRY MLD RUS UKR 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM NCS 34 AFG IRN TUR 35 OMA SAU YEM
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.), dubium subagg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver dubium subsp. erosum (Litv.) Kadereit; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 45(2): 246 (1988) (1989)
= Papaver dubium subsp. laevigatum (M.Bieb.) Kadereit; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 45: 244 (1988)
= Papaver erosulum Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 456 (1861)
= Papaver glabellum Steven ex DC.; Syst. Nat. 2: 78 (1821)
= Papaver maeoticum Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 5: 503 (1953)
= Papaver nothum Steven ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 1: 24 (1878)
= Papaver rhodopeum Velen.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. 1893(37): 5. (1893)
species :
Papaver lateritium K.Koch; Index Sem. Hort. Berot., App.: 14 (1854 publ. 1855)
subspecies :
subsp. lateritium
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; NE-Turkey
33 GEO 34 TUR
Remarks: sect. Pseudopilosa (rupifragum agg.)
subspecies :
subsp. monanthum (Trautv.) Kadereit; Edinburgh J. Bot. 53(3): 305 (1996)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; NE-Turkey
33 ARM AZE GEO 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver monanthum Trautv.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 3, 10: 293 (1866)
species :
Papaver lecoqii Lamotte; Ann. Sci. Auvergne 24: 249 (1851)
Name: Gelbmilchender Mohn (DE); Yellow-sap Poppy, Yellow-juiced Poppy (EN)
Distribution: England (England, Wales, S-Scotland, Isle of Man); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Belgium; Germany (Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Austria; Czech Republic; Portugal; Spain; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Croatia; Albania; Greece (NC-, NE-, C-Greece, rare Peloponnisos, Kiklades: Siros, Sifnos); Crete; Ukraine; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Nisyros, Rhodos, Kastellorhizo Isl.); Turkey
10 GRB IRE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER 12 CIS COR FRA POR SPA 13 ALB CRO GRC KRI 14 UKR 20 ALG MOR TUN 34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver cassandrinum Charrel ex Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 325 (1909)
= Papaver dubium subsp. lecoqii (Lamotte) Syme; Sowerby, Engl. Bot. ed. 3 (B) 1: 90 (1863)
= Papaver dubium var. lecoqii (Lamotte) Fedde; 317 (1909)
= Papaver dubium var. schweinfurthii (Fedde) Maire
= Papaver dubium var. subadpressiusculo-setosum (Fedde) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 304 (1964)
= Papaver schweinfurthii Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 307 (1909)
= Papaver subadpressiusculesetosum Fedde; Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2, 5: 171 (1905)
= Papaver tenue Ball; J. Bot. 11: 296 (1873)
species :
Papaver libanoticum Boiss.; Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. ser. 2, 16: 373 (1841)
subspecies :
subsp. libanoticum
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon)
34 LEB
subspecies :
subsp. polychaetum (Schott & Kotschy ex Boiss.) Kadereit; Edinburgh J. Bot. 50(2): 135 (1993)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver polychaetum Schott. & Kotschy ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 1: 111 (1867)
= Papaver polychaetum Schott & Kotschy; Nyman & Kotschy, Anal. Bot. 3 (1854)
species :
Papaver lisae N.Busch; Trav. Mus. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS 19: 82 (1926)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus (Kabardino-Balkaria)
33 NCS
Remarks: sect. Pseudopilosa (rupifragum agg.). Phylogenetic position still uncertain
Synonyms: hidden
= Oreomecon lisae (N.Busch) Grey-Wilson; Pl. Rev. 5(4): 57 (2023)
species :
Papaver macrostomum Boiss. & A.Huet ex Boiss.; Fl. 1: 115 (1867)
Distribution: E-European Russia; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; ?Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Syria (C-Syrian Desert); Sinai peninsula (N-Sinai); ?Saudi Arabia (?NE-Saudi Arabia); ?Kuwait; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Pakistani Punjab, Hazara); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh)
14 RUS 33 ARM GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ SIN SYR TUR 40 IND PAK
Remarks: sect. Carinatae
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver divergens Fedde & Bornm.; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 337 (1909)
= Papaver kurdistanicum Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 337 (1909)
= Papaver piptostigma Bien. ex Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 336 (1909)
variant :
var. bornmuelleri (Fedde) Kadereit; Nordic J. Bot. 7(5): 504 (1987)
Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran)
34 IRN IRQ
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver bornmuelleri Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 337 (1909)
variant :
var. dalechianum (Fedde) Kadereit; Nordic J. Bot. 7(5): 504 (1987)
Distribution: Iran; Afghanistan (Kabul, Logar, Parwan)
34 AFG IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver dalechianum Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 337 (1909)
variant :
var. halophilum Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 336 (1909)
Distribution: Iraq (NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, S-Iran, W-Iran); Kuwait
34 IRN IRQ 35 KUW
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver halophilum (Fedde) Cullen; Rech.f., Fl. Iranica 34: 17 (1966)
variant :
var. tubuliferum (Fedde) Parsa; Fl. Iran 2: 406 (1986)
Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq)
34 IRQ
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver tubuliferum Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 336 (1909)
species :
Papaver mairei Batt.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 61: 51 (1914)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
20 ALG MOR TUN
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.), dubium subagg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver dubium subsp. mairei (Batt.) Maire; Fl. Algèrie [Quézel & Santa] 1: 378 (1962) [nom. inval.], et Fl. Afrique N. 11: 306 (1964)
= Papaver dubium var. hirtellum (Maire) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 306 (1964)
= Papaver mairei var. hirtellum Maire; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 8: 129 (1929)
species :
Papaver malviflorum Doum.; Assoc. Franc. Avancem. Sci. Conf. Carthage: 455 (1896)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG MOR
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.), dubium subagg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver malviflorum var. patulivillum Maire & Sam.; Ark.f. Bot. 29A, no. 11 (1929)
= Papaver dubium var. albiflorum Batt.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 350 (1904)
species :
Papaver maschukense Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 84(8): 105 (1999)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus (Stavropol)
14 RUS 33 NCS
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.), dubium subagg.
species :
Papaver oreophilum Rupr.; Fl. Caucasus 51 (1869)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]
33 GEO NCS
Remarks: sect. Pseudopilosa (rupifragum agg.)
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver mamissonii Rupr. ex Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 362 (1909)
species :
Papaver orientale L.; Sp. Pl. 508 (1753)
Name: Oriental poppy (EN), Orientalischer Mohn (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Slovakia [I]; France [I]; Croatia [I]; Bulgaria [I]; Belarus [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; Tajikistan [I]; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; NE-Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan); Afghanistan (Kabul); Japan [I]; Taiwan [I]; Java [I]; Canada [I] (Ontario [I]); USA [I] (Colorado [I], Iowa [I], Louisiana [I], Maryland [I], Michigan [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Pennsylvania [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I])
11 ger slo 12 fra 13 bul cro 14 blr 32 tzk uzb 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN TUR 38 jap tai 42 jaw 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa
Remarks: sect. Macrantha (orientale agg.)
Synonyms: hidden
= Calomecon orientale (L.) Spach; Hist. Nat. Veg. 7: 9 (1838)
= Papaver dzeghamicum Medw.; Vestn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 18: 15 (1915)
= Papaver grandiflorum Moench; Meth. 247 (1794) (nom. illeg. superfl.)
= Papaver spectabile Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 377 (1796)
variant :
var. paucifoliatum Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4: 345 (1876)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; NE-Turkey
33 ARM GEO NCS 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver paucifoliatum (Trautv.) Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 366 (1909)
= Papaver orientale var. parviflorum N.Busch; Kusn., Fl. Caucasus Crit. 3: 42 (1905) (nom. illeg. superfl.)
species :
Papaver pamporicum Tabinda, Dar & Naqshi; Pakistan J. Bot. 42(Sp. Issue): 58 (2010)
Distribution: N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir)
40 IND
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.), arenarium subagg.
species :
Papaver paphium M.V.Agab., Christodoulou & Hand; Willdenowia 41(2): 349 (-351) (2011)
Distribution: Cyprus
34 CYP
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.)
species :
Papaver pasquieri Dubuis & Faurel; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord. 54: 102 (1964)
Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)
34 IRN
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.), dubium subagg.
species :
Papaver persicum Lindl.; Edwards Bot. Reg.: tab. 1570 (1833)
subspecies :
subsp. persicum
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Talysh); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)
33 ARM AZE 34 IRN IRQ TUR
Remarks: sect. Meconidium (armeniacum agg.)
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver hyoscyamifolium Boiss. & Hausskn.; Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 110 (1867)
= Papaver tauricolum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. (Boiss.) 1: 109 (1867)
variant :
var. brachycarpum (Kuntze) Kit Tan; Pl. Syst. Evol. 154: 113 (1986)
Distribution: Turkey; Iran
34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver pilosum var. brachycarpum Kuntze; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 10: 156 (1887)
= Papaver tauricola var. leiocarpum (Boiss.) Fedde
subspecies :
subsp. fulvum Kit Tan & Sorger; Pl. Syst. Evol. 154: 111 (1986)
Distribution: Turkey (NE-Anatolia, E-Anatolia)
34 TUR
subspecies :
subsp. tauricola (Boiss.) Kadereit; Edinburgh J. Bot. 50(2): 141 (1993), as ´tauricolum´
Distribution: Turkey (S-Turkey); Syria
34 SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver leucocephalum Aucher ex Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 346 (1909)
= Papaver persicum subsp. microcarpum (Boiss.) Kadereit; Edinburgh J. Bot. 50(2): 141 (1993)
= Papaver shepardii Post ex Dinsm.; G. E. Post, Fl. Syria, ed. 2, 1: 32 (1932) (tentative synonym)
= Papaver tauricola Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 1: 109 (1867)
species :
Papaver pilosum Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Prodr. Fl. Graec. 1: 360 (1809)
subspecies :
subsp. pilosum
Name: Behaarter Mohn (DE)
Distribution: Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)
34 TUR
Remarks: sect. Pilosa (pilosum agg.)
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver olympicum Sm.; J. Sibthorp & J. E. Smith, Fl. Graec. 4: 75 (1824)
= Papaver schinzianum Fedde; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 573 (1910)
= Papaver villosum K.Koch; Linnaea 19: 49 (1847)
subspecies :
subsp. glabrisepalum Kadereit; Edinburgh J. Bot. 53(3): 292 (1996)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
subspecies :
subsp. sparsipilosum (Boiss.) Kadereit; Edinburgh J. Bot. 53(3): 295 (1996)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver apokrinomenon Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 358 (1909)
= Papaver heldreichii var. sparsipilosum Boiss.; Fl. 1: 108 (1867)
= Papaver pseudostrictum Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 360 (1909)
subspecies :
subsp. spicatum (Boiss. & Balansa) N.Wendt ex Kadereit; Edinburgh J. Bot. 53(3): 295 (1996)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver heldreichii Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 1: 108 (1867)
= Papaver pannosum O.Schwarz; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 53: 77 (1944)
= Papaver pinardianum Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 358 (1909)
= Papaver spicatum Boiss. & Balansa; Boiss., Diagn. ser. 2, 5: 14 (1856)
subspecies :
subsp. strictum (Boiss. & Balansa) N.Wendt ex Kadereit; Edinburgh,. Bot. 53(3): 292 (1996)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver strictum Boiss. & Balansa; Boiss., Diagn. ser. 2, 6: 8 (1859)
species :
Papaver pinnatifidum Moris; Fl. Sardoa 1: 74 (1837)
Name: Fiederspaltiger Mohn (DE); Amapola fina (ES)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; +Monaco; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Azores (Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.)
12 BAL COR FRA MCO POR SAR SPA 13 ITA MLT SIC 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.), dubium subagg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver dubium var. maroccanum Ball; Spicil. Fl. Marocc. [Ball]: 311 (1877)
= Papaver dubium var. pinnatifidum (Moris) Batt.; Fl. Algèrie [Batt. & Trabut] Dicot.: 21 (1888)
= Papaver simonii Foucaud; Foucaud & Simon, Herbar Corse: 125 (1898)
= Papaver teneriffae Fedde; Bull. Herb. Boissier, ser. 2, 5: 170 (1905)
= Papaver tunetanum Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 321 (1909)
species :
Papaver postii Fedde; Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2, 5: 447 (1905)
Distribution: Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains); Lebanon (C-Lebanon)
34 CYP LEB TUR
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.)
species :
Papaver pseudoorientale (Fedde) Medw.; Izv. Kavkazsk. Muz. 11: 204 (1918), nom. cons. prop.
Name: Falscher Orient-Mohn (DE)
Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland [I], Orkney Isl. [I], Shetland Isl. [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Germany [I]; Slovakia [I]; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Jersey [I], Guernsey [I]); Serbia; Kosovo [I]; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Talysh); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)
10 grb ire 11 ger slo 12 cis 13 kos SRB 33 ARM AZE GEO 34 IRN TUR
Remarks: sect. Macrantha (orientale agg.)
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver bracteatum var. pseudoorientale Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 365 (1909)
= Papaver intermedium A.DC.; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 7: 301 (1836) (nom. illeg., non Becker 1828)
= Papaver orientale var. intermedium (DC.) Grossh.; nom. illeg.
= Papaver setiferum Goldblatt; Novon 21(2): 182 (2011), nom. nov.
species :
Papaver purpureomarginatum Kadereit; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 45(2): 235 (1988 publ. 1989)
Name: Purpurrandiger Mohn (DE); Purple-fringed Poppy (EN)
Distribution: Greece (Gulf of Attiki, Kithira, Andikithira, C- & SE-Kiklades); Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Dodecanese, Nisyros, Tilos, Simi, Chalki, Rhodos, Karpathos, Kasos); Turkey; Cyprus
13 GRC KRI 34 CYP EAI TUR
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.), dubium subagg.
species :
Papaver rechingeri Kadereit; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 45(2): 249 (1988 publ. 1989)
Distribution: Iraq; Iran
34 IRN IRQ
species :
Papaver rhoeas L.; Sp. Pl. 507 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. rhoeas
Name: Klatsch-Mohn (DE), Corn poppy (EN), Amapola roja (ES)
Distribution: Svalbard [I]; England (England, Wales, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl.); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Channel Isl. (Alderney, Jersey, Guernsey); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread, incl. all islands); Crete; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NE-Egypt, Nile Delta, NW-coastal Egypt); Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Sao Jorge, Faial, Flores Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); Cape Verde Isl. (Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Fogo Isl.); South Africa [I]; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos, Kastellorhizo Isl.); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Kabul, Kandahar); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia); ?Kuwait; Qatar [I]; Oman [I]; South Korea [I]; Japan [I]; Taiwan [I]; Pakistan [I] (Baluchistan [I]); Bhutan [I]; India (Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar [I]; Vietnam; Java [I]; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I]); Lord Howe Isl. [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Alaska [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Florida [I], Iowa [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Nebraska [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], South Carolina [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I], West Virginia [I]); Mexico [I]; Honduras [I]; Cuba [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Ecuador [I]; Bolivia [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Los Lagos [I])
10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR sva SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL CIS COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA PEL PTL ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY CVI MDR 27 saf 32 KAZ TKM 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG EAI IRN IRQ LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 oma qat SAU 38 jap kor tai 40 ban bhu IND pak 41 mya VIE 42 jaw 50 aus lhi 51 ctm 70 ask 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 80 hon 81 cub his 83 bol ecu 85 arg cle
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.)
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver aegadicum Lojac.; Malpighia 20: 109 (1906)
= Papaver agrivagum Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon ser. 2, 7: 464 (1861)
= Papaver ameristophyllum Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 308 (1909)
= Papaver anisotrichum Wein; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 228 (1911)
= Papaver arvaticum Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon sér. 2, 7: 463 (1861)
= Papaver arvense Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 376 (1796)
= Papaver atropurpureum Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 214 (1782)
= Papaver balanocarpum Wein; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 244 (1911)
= Papaver caespitosum Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 302 (1909)
= Papaver caudatifolium Timb.-Lagr.; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse 4: 163 (1870)
= Papaver cereale Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 465 (1861)
= Papaver chelidonioides Moss; Cambr. Brit. Fl. 3: 164 (1920)
= Papaver cinerascens Wein; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 242 (1911)
= Papaver commixtum Wein; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 226 (1911)
= Papaver commutatum subsp. euxinum Kadereit; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 45: 257 (1988 publ. 1989)
= Papaver cruciatum Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon ser 2 7: 465 (1861)
= Papaver dodonei Timb.-Lagr.; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toul. 4: 161 (1870)
= Papaver erraticum Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 705 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Papaver erraticum Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon ser 2 7: 464.1861 (non Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 705 (1821) (nom. illeg.))
= Papaver erucifolium Timb.-Lagr.; Lucante, Rev. de Bot. 10: 36 (1892)
= Papaver feddeanum Wein; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 172 (1911)
= Papaver fuchsii Timb.-Lagr.; Bull. Soc. Hisl. Nat. Toulouse 6: 162 (Fuschii) (1870)
= Papaver graecum Link ex Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 299 (1909)
= Papaver hookeri Baker ex Hook.f.; Bot. Mag. 109: t. 6729 (1883)
= Papaver humifusum Fedde; Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2, 5- 447 (1905)
= Papaver insignitum Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 462 (1861)
= Papaver integrifolium Vig.; Hist. Nat. Pavots. 38 (1814)
= Papaver interjectum Wein; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 243 (1911)
= Papaver intermedium Becker; Fl. Frankfurt 1: 386 (1827)
= Papaver montenegrinum (Rohlena) A.W.Hill; Index Kewensis, Suppl. 6: 145 1916-(1920 publ. 1926)
= Papaver omphalodeum Wein; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 228 (1911)
= Papaver osswaldii Wein; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 173 (1911)
= Papaver paucisetum Wein; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 227 (1911)
= Papaver propinquum Wein; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 225 (1911)
= Papaver pseudohaussknechtii Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 304 (1909)
= Papaver rapiferum Fedde; Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2, 5: 170 (1905)
= Papaver rhoeas f. albiflorum L.Gross; 78 (1906), nom. inval.
= Papaver rhoeas f. cruciatum P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 677 (2018)
= Papaver rhoeas f. elatius Zapal.; 447 (1911)
= Papaver rhoeas f. erythrotrichum (Fedde) P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 677 (2018)
= Papaver rhoeas f. hoffmanianum (Kuntze) P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 677 (2018)
= Papaver rhoeas f. pseudostrigosum Pawl.; Szafer, 82 (1927)
= Papaver rhoeas subsp. trilobum (Wallr.) F.Herm.; 210 (1912)
= Papaver rhoeas subvar. quercifoliolatum Fedde; 296 (1909)
= Papaver rhoeas var. agrivagum (Jord.) Beck; Fl. Nied. Oessterr.: 433 (1890)
= Papaver rhoeas var. albiflorum A.F.Schwarz; 39 (1897)
= Papaver rhoeas var. alleizettei Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 14: 119 (1923)
= Papaver rhoeas var. caudatifolium (Timb.-Lagr.) Fedde; 297 (1909)
= Papaver rhoeas var. chanceliae (Maire) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 12: 43 (1921)
= Papaver rhoeas var. chelidonioides Kuntze; 171 (1867)
= Papaver rhoeas var. dodonaei (Timb.-Lagr.) Fedde; 299 (1909)
= Papaver rhoeas var. erythrotrichum Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 300 (1909)
= Papaver rhoeas var. glabellum Elkan; 28 (1839)
= Papaver rhoeas var. himerense Raimondo & Spadaro; Bocconea 20: 12 (2007)
= Papaver rhoeas var. hispidissimum Gaudin; 431 (1828)
= Papaver rhoeas var. hispidum Fuckel; 15 (1856)
= Papaver rhoeas var. hoffmanianum Kuntze; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 10: 161 (1887)
= Papaver rhoeas var. intermedium (J.Becker) Freyn; 270 (1878)
= Papaver rhoeas var. leucanthum Fedde
= Papaver rhoeas var. minus Zapal.; 448 (1911)
= Papaver rhoeas var. omphalophorum Fedde; 169 (1905)
= Papaver rhoeas var. pallidum Gren.; 58 (1847)
= Papaver rhoeas var. ramosum Döll; 566 (1843)
= Papaver rhoeas var. roubiaei (Vig.) Elkan; 28 (1839)
= Papaver rhoeas var. roubiaei (Vig.) Salisb.; Flora (Regensburg) 17(2): 82 (1834)
= Papaver rhoeas var. rumelicum (Velen.) Fedde; 169 (1905)
= Papaver rhoeas var. simplex Fuckel; 15 (1856)
= Papaver rhoeas var. subintegrum Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 297 (1880)
= Papaver rhoeas var. submamillatum Wein; Wiss. Z. MartinLuther-Univ. Halle-Wittenberg, Math.-Nat. 22(6): 21(1973)
= Papaver rhoeas var. tenuifolium Boenn.; 157 (1824)
= Papaver rhoeas var. trichocarpum Pamp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 13 (1914)
= Papaver rhoeas var. tricolor Reinecke; H. Hergt, 19 (1901)
= Papaver rhoeas var. trifidum (Kuntze) Fedde; Abh. Bot. Ver. Brandenburg 45: 230 (1903)
= Papaver rhoeas var. umbilicato-substipitatum Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 300 (1909)
= Papaver rhoeas var. umbilicosubstipitatum Fedde; 300 (1909)
= Papaver rhoeas var. urophyllum (Fedde) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 299 (1964)
= Papaver rhoeas var. vestitum Gren.; 58 (1847)
= Papaver robertianella Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 323 (1909)
= Papaver roubiaei Vig.; Hist. Nat. Pavots, 39 (1814)
= Papaver rumelicum Velen.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. 1889(2): 29 (1890)
= Papaver rusticum Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 467 (1861)
= Papaver segetale Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 7: 466 (1861)
= Papaver segetale K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; Spenn., 979 (1829), nom. illeg.
= Papaver segetale var. rhoeas (L.) K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; Spenn., 979 (1829)
= Papaver spurium Wein; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 314 (1911)
= Papaver subumbilicatum Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 324 (1909)
= Papaver tenuissimum Fedde; Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2, 5: 446 (1905)
= Papaver thaumasiosepalum Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 307 (1909)
= Papaver tumidulum Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 5: 502 (1953)
= Papaver uniflorum Balb. ex Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 3: 980 (1829)
= Papaver ×chanceliae Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 5: 227 (1914)
subspecies :
subsp. polytrichum (Boiss. & Kotschy) J.Thiébaut; Mém. Inst. Egypte 31: 42 (1936)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (Rift Valley, N-Negev Desert, Judean Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Nejd Desert)
34 ISR JOR LEB SYR 35 SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver inornatum Schott & Kotschy; Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl. 4: 233 (1854)
= Papaver polytrichum Boiss. & Kotschy; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 5: 14 (1856)
species :
Papaver roseolum M.V.Agab. & Fragman; Fl. Rastitel´nost´ Rastitel´nye Resursy Armen. 16: 27 (2007)
Distribution: Armenia
33 ARM
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.)
species :
Papaver rupifragum Boiss. & Reut.; Pugill. Pl. Afr. Bor. Hispan. 6. (1852)
Distribution: S-Spain (Sa. Grazalema); Morocco
12 SPA 20 MOR
Remarks: sect. Pseudopilosa (rupifragum agg.)
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver rupestre Boiss. & Reut. ex Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 363 (1909)
= Papaver rupifragum var. maroccanum Font Quer & Pau
species :
Papaver schelkovnikovii N.Busch; Mitt. Kauk. Mus. Tiflis 4: 40 (1908), et Fl. Caucas. Crit. 3(4): 752 (1910)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan, Talysh)
33 ARM AZE GEO NCS
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.)
species :
Papaver setigerum DC.; Lam. & DC., Fl. Franc. ed. 3, 5: 585 (1815)
Name: Borstiger Schlaf-Mohn (DE); Amapola comun pelosa (ES); Dwarf Breadseed Poppy (EN)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; Greece; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Madeira (+Madeira Isl., Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, Fuerteventura); Northern Caucasus; Armenia; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Cyprus (C-Mountains, S-Cyprus, N-Cyprus); South Korea [I]; Australia [I] (South Australia [I], Queensland [I]); Chatham Isl. [I]
11 ger 12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 GRC ITA MLT PEL PTL SIC 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 21 CNY MDR 33 ARM NCS 34 CYP EAI 38 kor 50 aus 51 ctm
Remarks: sect. Papaver (somniferum agg.); distribution certainly incomplete. The wild ancestor of P. somniferum. The status as separate species was confirmed by Hong et al. (2022)
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver setigerum var. valdesetosum Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 26: 186 (1935)
= Papaver somniferum subsp. setigerum (DC.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 25 (1882)
= Papaver somniferum var. atroviolaceum Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 879 (1934)
= Papaver somniferum var. coccineum Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 164 (1932)
= Papaver somniferum var. setigerum (DC.) Corb.; Nour. Fl. Norm. 30 (1893), isonym
= Papaver somniferum var. setigerum (DC.) Webb & Berthel.; Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries (Phytogr.) 3(pt. 2, sect. 1, livr. 3): 58 (1836)
species :
Papaver sjunicicum M.V.Agab.; Fl. Rastitel´nost´ Rastitel´nye Resursy Armen. 16: 29 (2007)
Distribution: Armenia
33 ARM
Remarks: sect. Meconidium (armeniacum agg.); status somewhat uncertain
species :
Papaver somniferum L.; Sp. Pl. 508 (1753)
Name: Schlaf-Mohn (DE); Opium poppy (EN); Adormidera (ES)
Distribution: native area unknown; England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland [I], Outer Hebrides [I], Orkney Isl. [I], Shetland Isl. [I], Isle of Man [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Netherlands [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Liechtenstein [I]; Austria [I]; Poland [I]; Czech Republic [I]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; Portugal [I]; Spain [I]; Gibraltar [I]; Baleares [I]; France [I]; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Jersey [I], Guernsey [I]); Italy [I]; Malta [I]; Slovenia [I]; Croatia [I]; Bosnia & Hercegovina [I]; Montenegro [I]; Serbia; Kosovo [I]; North Macedonia [I]; Romania [I]; Bulgaria [I]; European Turkey [I]; Greece [I]; Crete [I]; Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Lithuania [I]; Belarus [I]; E-European Russia [I]; Ukraine [I]; Crimea [I]; Morocco [I]; Algeria [I]; Tunisia [I]; Libya [I]; Azores [I] (Santa Maria Isl. [I], Terceira [I], Sao Jorge [I], Faial [I], Corvo Isl. [I]); Madeira [I] (Madeira Isl. [I], Ilhas Desertas [I], Porto Santo Isl. [I]); Canary Isl. [I] (Lanzarote [I], Fuerteventura [I], Gran Canaria [I], Tenerife [I], La Gomera [I], Hierro [I], La Palma Isl. [I]); Angola [I]; Siberia [I] (W-Siberia [I]); Russian Far East [I] (Amur [I], Khabarovsk [I], Magadan [I], Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan [I]; Turkmenistan [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; Tajikistan [I]; Tajikistan [I]; Northern Caucasus [I]; Northern Caucasus [I]; Georgia [Caucasus] [I]; Georgia [Caucasus] [I]; Armenia [I]; Azerbaijan [I]; East Aegaean Isl. [I]; Turkey [I]; Afghanistan [I]; Lebanon [I]; Syria [I]; Saudi Arabia [I]; ?Kuwait [I]; N-Yemen [I]; China [I]; North Korea [I]; South Korea [I]; Japan [I]; Ryukyu Isl. [I]; Taiwan [I]; Pakistan [I]; Bhutan [I]; India (widespread [I]); Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Laos [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; Java; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); Lord Howe Isl. [I]; Norfolk Isl. [I]; New Zealand [I]; Greenland [I]; Canada (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arizona [I], California [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], Florida [I], Illinois [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I], Wyoming [I]); Mexico [I]; Honduras [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Uruguay [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Antofagasta [I], Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Biobío [I], Los Rios [I], Magallanes [I]); Juan Fdz. Isl. [I]
10 grb ire nor swe 11 aut cze ger hun lie net pol slo swi 12 bal cis fra gib por spa 13 bih bul cro grc ita kos kri mlt mnt nma rom slv SRB tue 14 blr est kry lat lit rus ukr 20 alg lby mor tun 21 azo cny mdr 26 ang 30 sib 31 rfe 32 kaz tkm tzk uzb 33 arm aze geo ncs 34 afg eai leb syr tur 35 sau yem 36 chi 38 jap kor nko nns tai 40 ban bhu IND pak 41 cbd lao mya tha vie 42 JAW 50 aus lhi nfk 51 nzl 70 gnl 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 80 hon 82 clm ven 83 ecu per 85 arg cle jnf uru
Remarks: sect. Papaver (somniferum agg.); distribution certainly incomplete. Many varieties not listed.
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver album Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. VIII: Papaver n. 9 (1768)
= Papaver album-nigrum Crantz; Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 2: 129 (1763)
= Papaver amoenum Lindl.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 25(Misc.): 56 (1839)
= Papaver amplexicaule Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 3: 181 (1812)
= Papaver glabrum Gilib.; Fl. Lituan. 213 (1781), opus utique oppr.
= Papaver hortense Garsault; Fig. Pl. Méd.: t. 106 (1764)
= Papaver hortense Hussenot; Chard. Nanc.: 39 (1835) (nom. illeg.)
= Papaver indehiscens Dumort.; Fl. Belg. [Dumortier] 130 (1827)
= Papaver nigrum Bubani; Fl. Pyren. 3: 267 (1901)
= Papaver nigrum Garsault; Fig. Pl. Anim. Med. t. 440 (1764), Descr. Pl. Anim. 262 (1767), Thell. in Bull. Herb. Boissier Ser. II. 8: 903
= Papaver officinale C.C.Gmel.; Fl. Baden 2: 479 (1806)
= Papaver opiiferum Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. p. cxiii. n. 336 (1775)
= Papaver paeoniiflorum (Alef.) Corrêa; Dicc. Pl. Ut. Bras. 1: 84 (1926)
= Papaver polycephalum E.Vilm.; Fl. Pleine Terre 594 (1863)
= Papaver somniferum nothosubsp. authemanii (Rouy) B.Bock; Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest 43: 219 (2012)
= Papaver somniferum subsp. albiflorum Wender.; 167 (1846)
= Papaver somniferum subsp. album Schübl. & G.Martens; 349 (1834)
= Papaver somniferum subsp. hortense (Hussenot) Syme; 82 (1863)
= Papaver somniferum subsp. hortense Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 25 (1882)
= Papaver somniferum subsp. nigrum (DC.) Thell.; Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2, 8: 903 (1908)
= Papaver somniferum subsp. nigrum (Willd.) Schübl. & G.Martens; 349 (1834)
= Papaver somniferum subsp. nigrum Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg: 349 (1834) (non Papaver somniferum var. nigrum DC., Syst. Nat. 2: 82 (1821))
= Papaver somniferum subsp. officinale (C.C.Gmel.) Syme; 82 (1863)
= Papaver somniferum subsp. opiiferum (Forssk.) Juel, Cedergr. & Örtendahl; Index Seminum [Uppsala] 1913: 15 (1914)
= Papaver somniferum subsp. variegatum Wender.; 167 (1846)
= Papaver somniferum subvar. hortense Huss
= Papaver somniferum var. album (Mill.) DC.; Syst. Nat. 2: 82 (1821)
= Papaver somniferum var. austroviolaceum Vessel.; Trudy Prikl. Bot. 55: 195 (1975)
= Papaver somniferum var. coerulescens Rothm.; H. Stubbe, 43 (1949)
= Papaver somniferum var. glaucum Rothm.; H. Stubbe, 43 (1949)
= Papaver somniferum var. hortense (Huss) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 1: 149 (1893)
= Papaver somniferum var. hypoleucum Rothm.; H. Stubbe, 43 (1949)
= Papaver somniferum var. laciniatum Wender.; 167 (1846)
= Papaver somniferum var. leucum (Rothm.) K.Hammer; Feddes Repert. 98: 555 (1987)
= Papaver somniferum var. nigrum DC.; Syst. Nat. 2: 82 (1821)
= Papaver somniferum var. officinale (C.C.Gmel.) Garcke; 21 (1848)
= Papaver somniferum var. pallidum Rothm.; H. Stubbe, 42 (1949)
= Papaver somniferum var. plenum H.Mart.; 92 (1817)
= Papaver somniferum var. poecilospermum Alef.; Landw. Flora: 228 (1866)
= Papaver somniferum var. pullatum Vessel.; Trudy Prikl. Bot. 55: 205 (1975)
= Papaver somniferum var. rubellum Vessel.; Trudy Prikl. Bot. 55: 207 (1975)
= Papaver somniferum var. valdesetosum (Maire) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 297 (1964)
= Papaver somniferum var. violiflorum Vessel.; Trudy Prikl. Bot. 55: 207 (1975)
= Papaver sylvestre Godr.; Mém. Soc. Émul. Doubs, sér. 2, 5: 23 (1854)
= Papaver ×authemanii Rouy; G. Rouy & J. Foucaud, Fl. France 1: 153 (1893)
species :
Papaver stewartianum Jafri & Qaiser; Fl. W. Pakistan 61: 13 (1974)
Distribution: Pakistan
40 PAK
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.), arenarium subagg.; status unconfirmed, a possibly hybrid
species :
Papaver talyshense Grossh.; Monit. Jard. Bot. Tiflis, Ann. 13-14: 68 (1919)
Distribution: Azerbaijan (Talysh)
33 AZE
Remarks: sect. Pseudopilosa (rupifragum agg.); status somewhat uncertain
species :
Papaver tenuifolium Boiss. & Hohen. ex Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 8: 10 (1849)
Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver oligactis Bornm. & Fedde; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 90 (1913)
= Papaver oligophyllum Bél.; Voy. Indes Or.: t. s. n. (1836)
species :
Papaver tichomirovii Mikheev; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 86(3): 88 (1981)
Distribution: European Russia; Northern Caucasus
14 RUS 33 NCS
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.), dubium subagg. Status uncertain, often included in P. dubium
species :
Papaver triniifolium Boiss.; Fl. 1: 110 (1867)
Distribution: Armenia; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia)
33 ARM 34 TUR
Remarks: sect. Meconidium (armeniacum agg.); status uncertain, often included in P. armeniacum s. lat.
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver urbanianum Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 351 (1909)
species :
Papaver umbonatum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 8: 11 (1849)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon, Antilebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania, S-Jordania); Qatar [I]; United Arab Emirates [I]
11 ger 34 CYP ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 35 qat uae
Remarks: sect. Rhoeadium (rhoeas agg.). P. syriacum is frequently kept separate
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver rhoeas var. oblongatum Boiss.; Fl. 1: 113 (1867)
= Papaver rhoeas var. syriacum (Boiss. & Blume) Boiss.; Fl. 1: 113 (1867)
= Papaver stylatum Boiss. & Balansa; Boiss., Diagn. ser. 2, 5: 13 (1856)
= Papaver stylatum subsp. platylophum Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 31(2): 182 (1914)
= Papaver subpiriforme Fedde; Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2, 5: 169 (1905)
= Papaver syriacum Boiss. & C.I.Blanche; P. E. Boissier, Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 2, 6: 8 (1859)
species :
Papaver zangesurum Mikheev; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 84(4): 106 (1979)
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan (Nachichevan)
33 ARM AZE
species :
Papaver ×collidorense Pérez Dacosta; Flora Montiber. 84: 68 (2022)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Papaver dubium x lecoqii
species :
Papaver ×strigosum (Boenn.) Schur; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 15(2): 66 (1877)
Distribution: Germany (Berlin, Bayern, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Sachsen, Thüringen); Italy; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Azores (Sao Miguel Isl., Graciosa, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.); Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; European Russia; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; etc.
11 GER 13 ITA PEL 14 RUS 21 AZO 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS
Remarks: Papaver dubium x rhoeas
Synonyms: hidden
= Papaver dubium f. ambiguum (Popov) Grossh.; Fl. Kavk. 2 4: 98 (1950)
= Papaver dubium var. ambiguum (Popov) Parsa; Fl. Iran 2: 396 (1986), with incorrect basionym page
= Papaver rhoeas f. strigosum (Boenn.) Rothm.; 5 (1963)
= Papaver rhoeas subsp. strigosum (Boenn.) Pignatti; Giorn. Bot. Ital., 111(12): 46 (1977), isonym
= Papaver rhoeas subsp. strigosum (Boenn.) Simonk.; 67 (1887)
= Papaver rhoeas subsp. strigosum (Boenn.) Soó; Nomencl. Borbás.: 17 (1931) (n. v.) isonym
= Papaver rhoeas var. angustifolium Bogenh.; 145 (1850)
= Papaver rhoeas var. strigosum Boenn.; Prodr. Fl. Monast. Westphal.: 157 (1824)
= Papaver ×ambiguum Popov; Komarov, Fl. URSS 7: 638, 749 (1937), nom. illeg., non Jord. & Fourr. 1866
= Papaver ×explicatum Wein; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 49 (1913)
= Papaver ×exspectatum Fedde; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.104, Heft 40 (Papaver.-Hypec.-Papav.): 326 (1909)
= Papaver ×hungaricum Borbás; Balaton Tavának Növényföldr.: 388 (1900)
= Papaver ×inexpertum Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 2(1): 434 (1892)
= Papaver ×nicholsonii Druce; Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 9: 634 (1931 publ. 1932)
= Papaver ×strigosum f. remotilobum Pawl.; Szafer, 83 (1927)
= Papaver ×strigosum var. umbiliciferum Wein; 333 (1924)
= Papaver ×strigosum var. urophyllum Fedde
species :
Papaver ×tuberculatum V.I.Dorof. & Murtaz.; Turczaninovia 17(4): 6 (2014)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus
33 NCS
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 24.11 (November 5th, 2024)

Covering 355,576 accepted species,
8,715 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,581 synonyms,
in total 1,412,785* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life