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511.0000 Family Acanthaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 102 (1789) (´Acanthi´), nom. cons.
ca. 192 genera, ca. 5500 spp. Phylogeny: Manzitto-Tripp et al. 2022
Species listed in database: 5499
= Avicenniaceae Miq.; Pl. Preiss. [J.G.C.Lehmann] 1: 353 (1845), nom. cons.
= Justiciaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 60 (1838)
= Mendonciaceae Bremek.; Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. C 56: 540 (1954)
= Meyeniaceae Sreem.; Phytologia 37: 412 (1977)
= Nelsoniaceae (Nees) Sreem.; Phytologia 37: 412 (1977)
= Thunbergiaceae Lilja; Skånes Fl., ed. 2: 979 (1870)
511.5101 Genus Justicia L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 15 (1753), nom. cons.
Distribution: Tropics and subtropics, with a center in Mexico (103). The genus is taken here in a broad sense (Graham 1988), except Rostellularia and Dianthera. It remains highly polyphyletic and needs complete rearrangement (Kiel et al. 2017). Leptostachya is certainly separate, but it is unclear which species really belong into it.
Species listed in database: 939
= Acelica Rizzini; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 9: 53, in clavi, 55 (1949)
= Adeloda Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 61 (1836)
= Adhatoda Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4 (1754)
= Athlianthus Endl.; Gen. Pl. [Endlicher], Suppl. 2: 63 (1842)
= Aulojusticia Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 24: 324 (1897)
= Beloperone Nees; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 3: 76, 102 (1832)
= Beloperonides Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, Ser. 1, 4: 162 (1854)
= Bentia Rolfe; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 338 (1894)
= Calliaspidia Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch, Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2, 45(2): 54 (1948)
= Calophanoides (C.B.Clarke) Ridl.; Fl. Malay Penins. 2: 592 (1923)
= Calycostylis Hort.; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 809 (1895)
= Calymmostachya Bremek.; Dansk Bot. Ark. 23: 217 (1965)
= Campylostemon E.Mey.; Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum. [Drège] 170 (1843), nomen
= Carima Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 62 (1836)
= Chaetochlamys Lindau; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 490 (1895)
= Chaetothylax Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 153, t. 26 (1847)
= Chaetothylopsis Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, Ser. 1, 4: 163 (1854)
= Chiloglossa Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, Ser. 1, 4: 160 (1854)
= Cyphisia Rizzini; Revista Brasil. Biol. 6: 521 (1946)
= Cyrtanthera Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 99, t. 14 (1847)
= Cyrtantherella Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, Ser. 1, 4: 148, t. 3, f. 10, 11 (1854)
= Digyroloma Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 35(2): 329 (1862)
= Dimanisa Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 2: 83 (1836)
= Drejerella Lindau; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 2: 222 (1900)
= Duvernoia E.Mey. ex Nees; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 11: 322 (1847)
= Dyspemptemorion Bremek.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 75: 670 (1948)
= Ecbolium Riv. ex Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 978 (1891), nom. illeg.
= Emularia Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 63 (1836)
= Ethesia Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 63 (1836)
= Gendarussa Nees; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 3: 76 (1832)
= Glosarithys Rizzini; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 9: 49, in clavi, 54 (1949)
= Gromovia Regel; Gartenflora 14: 289 (1865)
= Harnieria Solms; Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 21 (1864)
= Heinzelia Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 153 (1847)
= Hemichoriste Nees; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 3: 76 (1832)
= Heteraspidia Rizzini; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 9: 53, in clavi, 56 (1949)
= Ixtlania M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 15: 151 (1929)
= Jacobinia Moric.; Pl. Nouv. Amér. 156 (1847), nom. cons.
= Kuestera Regel; Gartenflora 6: 345 (1857)
= Libonia K.Koch; Wochenschr. Vereines Beförd. Gartenbaues Königl. Preuss. Staaten 6: 266 (1863), nom. illeg.
= Lophothecium Rizzini; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 8: 335 (1948)
= Lustrinia Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 62 (1836)
= Mananthes Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2, 45(2): 59 (1948)
= Megalostoma Léonard; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 30: 503 (1940)
= Neohallia Hemsl.; Biol. Centr.-Amer., Bot. 2: 519 (1882)
= Orthotactus Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 131, t. 21 (1847)
= Pelecostemon Léonard; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 31: 648 (1958)
= Petalanthera Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 2: 100 (1836)
= Plegmatolemma Bremek.; Dansk Bot. Ark. 23: 219 (1965)
= Porphyrocoma Scheidw. ex Hook.; Bot. Mag. 71: t. 4176 (1845)
= Pupilla Rizzini; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 9: 54, in clavi, 56 (1949)
= Rhyticalymma Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch, Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2, 45(2): 60 (1948)
= Roslinia Neck.; Elem. Bot. [Necker] 1: 357 (1790)
= Salviacanthus Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 20: 75 (1894)
= Sarojusticia Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 11: 199 (1962)
= Sarotheca Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 113, t. 18 (1847)
= Sericographis Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 107 (1847)
= Simonisia Nees; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 9: 144, t. 23 (1847)
= Siphonoglossa Oerst.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, Ser. 1, 4: 159 (1854)
= Tabascina Baill.; Hist. Pl. [Baillon] 10: 445 (1891)
= Thalestris Rizzini; Dusenia 3: 189 (1952)
= Thamnojusticia Mildbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 825 (1933)
= Tyloglossa Hochst.; Flora 25(1. Beibl.): 144 (1842)
= Vada-kodi Adans.; Fam. Pl. [Adanson] 2: 701 (1763)

Search for: Justicia betonica

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

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Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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