024.0000
Family
Cyatheaceae Kaulf.; Wesen Farrenkr. 119 (1827)
4 genera, ca. 700 spp. Recent monographs tended to lump everything in Cyathea s. lat., but PPG-I separates again the 3 genera, and Dong et al. (2018) additionally reinstate Gymnosphaera, followed by Loiseau et al. 2019.
Species listed in database: 714; hybrids: 18
= Alsophilaceae C.Presl; Gefässbündel Farrnkräuter 22 (footnote), 32 (1847)
= Alsophileae Engl.; Syllabus (ed. 2): 60 (1898)
= Alsophilinae Pfeiff.; Nomencl. Bot. [Pfeiffer] 1(1): 123 (1872)
= Cyatheeae Gaudich.; Voy. Uranie [Freycinet], Bot. 365 (1829)
= Cyatheinae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. [Dumortier] 67 (1829)
= Cyatheineae Bessey; Bot. High Schools: 376 (1880)
= Cyatheoideae Endl.; Gen. Pl. [Endlicher] 63 (1836)
= Hemiteliinae Pfeiff.; Nomencl. Bot. [Pfeiffer] 1(2): 1606 (1874)
= Hymenophyllopsidaceae Pic.Serm.; Webbia 24: 712 (1970)
024.0002
Genus
Gymnosphaera Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 242 (1828)
Distribution: Pantropics, mostly Old World (many Madagascar), only 2 neotropical. The genus has been demonstrated to be separate from Alsophila by Loiseau et al. 2019
Species listed in database: 46
species :
Gymnosphaera acrostichoides
(Alderw.) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 14 (2018)
Distribution: Moluccas (Seram); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea, Yapen Isl.)
42 MOL NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila acrostichoides Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 2, 28: 2 (1918)
= Cyathea acrostichoides (Alderw.) Domin; Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 88 (1930)
species :
Gymnosphaera alticola
Tardieu; Naturaliste Malgache 3: 76, t. 2 (1951)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Conservation Status: IUCN I
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila alticola (Tardieu) R.M.Tryon; Contr. Gray Herb. 200: 29 (1970)
= Cyathea alticola (Tardieu) Tindale; Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 2: 331 (1956)
species :
Gymnosphaera andersonii
(J.Scott ex Bedd.) Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizang. 1: 54 (1983)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); Tibet; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal); Myanmar (Kachin, etc.)
36 CHI TIB 40 IND 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila andersonii J.Scott ex Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India, t. 310 (1869)
= Alsophila andersonii var. miaoensis Sarn.Singh & Panigrahi; Pl. Sci. Res. (India) 17(1-2): 47 (1995), et Ferns Fern-Allies Arunachal Pradesh 1: 219 (2005)
= Alsophila suprasora Panigrahi & Sarn.Singh; Pl. Sci. Res. (India) 17(1-2): 47 (1995)
= Cyathea andersonii (J.Scott ex Bedd.) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci., C, 4: 56 (1909)
= Cyathea nayarii T.Bandyop., T.Sen & U.Sen; Pteridol. New Millennium 126 (2003) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Cyathea suprasora Panigrahi & Sarn.Singh; Pl. Sci. Res. (India) 17(1-2): 47 (1995), et in Sarn. Singh & Panigrahi, Ferns Fern-Allies Arunachal Pradesh 1: 225 (2005)
= Gymnosphaera andersonii (J.Scott ex Bedd.) S.R.Ghosh; Pterid. Fl. E. India 198 (2004), isonym
species :
Gymnosphaera andohahelensis
(Tardieu) Tardieu; Fl. Madagasc., Fam. 4: 34, f. 4(6-7) (1951)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila andohahelensis Tardieu; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 88: 683 (1941)
= Cyathea andohahelensis (Tardieu) Tindale; Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 2: 331 (1956)
species :
Gymnosphaera annae
(Alderw.) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 14 (2018)
Distribution: Sulawesi; Moluccas (Ambon)
42 MOL SUL
Conservation Status: IUCN V (two collections)
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila annae Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 2, 23: 3 (1916)
= Cyathea annae (Alderw.) Domin; Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 90 (1930)
species :
Gymnosphaera atropurpurea
(Copel.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 98 (1947)
Distribution: Philippines (Oriental Mindoro, Agusan del Norte, Davao)
42 PHI
Conservation Status: EN in the Philippines
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila atropurpurea (Copel.) C.Chr.; Index Filic., Suppl. (1906-1912) 4 (1913)
= Cyathea atropurpurea Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 3: 354 (1909)
species :
Gymnosphaera austroyunnanensis
(S.G.Lu) S.G.Lu & Chun X.Li; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 27(1): 39 (2005)
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila austroyunnanensis S.G.Lu; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 20(1): 45 (1998)
species :
Gymnosphaera bachmaensis
S.Y.Dong; J. Syst. Evol. 60(2): 441 (2020)
Distribution: C-Vietnam
41 VIE
species :
Gymnosphaera baileyana
(Domin) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 15 (2018)
Name: Wig tree fern
Distribution: Australia (NE-Queensland)
50 AUS
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila baileyana Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 86: 29 (1913)
= Alsophila rebeccae var. commutata W.Bull; Syn. Queensl. Fl., Suppl. 3: 91 (1890)
= Cyathea baileyana (Domin) Domin; Pteridophyta 262 (1929), et Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 88-174 (1930)
species :
Gymnosphaera biformis
(Rosenst.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 99 (1947)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila biformis Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 423 (1911)
= Alsophila lilianiae R.M.Tryon; Contr. Gray Herb. 200: 34 (1970), nom. nov. for Cyathea arfakensis A. Gepp
= Cyathea arfakensis A.Gepp; Fl. Arfak Mts. [Gibbs] 69 (1917)
= Cyathea biformis (Rosenst.) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 6: 364 (1911)
= Cyathea gibbsiae Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 38: 129 (1929)
= Hemitelia arfakensis (A.Gepp) Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 2, 28: 26 (1918)
= Polybotrya arfakensis A.Gepp; Dutch N.W. New Guinea [Gibbs] 71 (1917)
= Stenochlaena dubia Alderw.; Bull. Dépt. Agric. Indes Néerl. 18: 26 (1908) (non Cyathea dubia (Bedd.) Domin (1929))
= Thysanobotrya arfakensis (A.Gepp) Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 2, 28: 66, t. 10 (1918)
= Thysanobotrya dubia (Alderw.) Posth.; Proc. Sect. Sci. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterdam 39: 825 (1936)
species :
Gymnosphaera boivinii
(Mett. ex Ettingsh.) Tardieu; Fl. Madagasc., Fam. 4: 41 (1951)
Distribution: Madagascar; Comores (Anjouan, Mayotte, Grande Comore)
29 COM MDG
Conservation Status: IUCN I
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila boivinii Mett. ex Ettingsh.; Farnkr. Jetztw. [Ettingshausen] 220, t. 155, f. 2-3 (1864), non C. boivinii Mett. (1868)
= Alsophila boiviniiformis (Rakotondr. & Janssen) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 6 (2018), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Alsophila castanea Baker; J. Bot. 29: 3 (1891)
= Alsophila melanotricha Tardieu; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 88: 684 (1941)
= Cyathea badia Domin; Pteridophyta 262 (1929)
= Cyathea boiviniiformis Rakotondr. & Janssen; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 29(2): 198 (2007), nom. nov. for Alsophila boivinii Mett. ex Ettingsh.
= Cyathea insularis Domin; Pteridophyta 262 (1929), nom. nov. for Alsophila boivinii Mett. ex Ettingh., non Cyathea boivinii Mett.
= Cyathea melanotricha (Tardieu) Tindale; Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 2: 331 (1956)
= Gymnosphaera melanotricha (Tardieu) Tardieu; Fl. Madagasc., Fam. 4: 36, f. 5(2-3) (1951)
variant :
var. lobata
(Rakotondr.) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 15 (2018)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila bullata var. lobata (Rakotondr.) J.P.Roux; Strelitzia 23: 61 (2009)
= Cyathea boiviniiformis var. lobata (Rakotondr.) Rakotondr. & Janssen; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 29(2): 201 (2007)
= Cyathea bullata var. lobata Rakotondr.; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 21(1): 147 (1999)
variant :
var. madagascarica
(Bonap.) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 15 (2018)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila bullata var. madagascarica (Bonap.) J.P.Roux; Strelitzia 23: 61 (2009)
= Alsophila madagascarica Bonap.; Notes Ptéridol. 5: 53 (1917)
= Cyathea boiviniiformis var. madagascarica (Bonap.) Rakotondr. & Janssen; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 29(2): 202 (2007)
= Cyathea bullata var. madagascarica (Bonap.) Rakotondr.; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 21(1): 146 (1999)
= Cyathea malegassica Domin; Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 133 (1930)
= Gymnosphaera madagascarica (Bonap.) Tardieu; Fl. Madagasc., Fam. 4: 35, f. 6(2) (1951)
species :
Gymnosphaera bonii
(Christ) S.Y.Dong; J. Syst. Evol. 60(2): 442 (2020)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hongkong, Yunnan); Vietnam
36 CHI 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyathea bonii Christ; J. Bot. [Morot] 28(4): 410 (1890)
species :
Gymnosphaera capensis
(L.f.) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 15 (2018)
subspecies :
subsp. capensis
Name: Forest Tree Fern
Distribution: Tanzania; Malawi; E-Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]
25 TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZIM 27 SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila capensis (L.f.) J.Sm.; London J. Bot. 1: 666 (1842)
= Amphicosmia capensis (L.f.) Klotzsch; Allg. Gartenzeitung 107 (1856)
= Amphicosmia riparia (Willd.) Gardner; London J. Bot. 1: 441, t. 12 (1842)
= Aspidium capense (L.f.) Sw.; J. Bot. [Schrader] 1800(2): 42 (1801)
= Cormophyllum capense (L.f.) Newman; Phytologist 6: 238 (1854)
= Cyathea capensis (L.f.) Sm.; Mem. Acad. Sci. Turin 5: 417 (1793)
= Cyathea riparia Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 5(1): 493 (1810)
= Hemitelia capensis (L.f.) Kaulf.; Enum. Filic. [Kaulfuss] 253 (1824)
= Hemitelia riparia (Willd.) Desv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6(2): 322 (1827)
= Polypodium capense L.f.; Suppl. Pl. 445 (1782)
= Polystichum capense (L.f.) J.Sm.; Compan. Bot. Mag. 35 (1846)
= Trichomanes cormophyllum Kaulf.; Enum. Filic. [Kaulfuss] 266 (1824)
= Trichomanes incisum Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap. 2: 173 (1800)
subspecies :
subsp. polypodioides
(Sw.) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 15 (2018)
Distribution: Brazil (Minas Gerais, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila capensis subsp. polypodioides (Sw.) D.S.Conant; J. Arnold Arbor. 64(3): 369 (1983)
= Cyathea polypodioides Sw.; Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 1817: 78 (1817)
= Hemitelia capensis f. nana Sehnem; Fl. Ilustr. Catarin. 26 (1978)
= Hemitelia gardneriana C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 5: 320 (1848)
species :
Gymnosphaera commutata
(Mett.) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 15 (2018)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Johor); Sumatra; Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah, Sarawak); Philippines (Mindanao)
42 BOR MLY PHI SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila commutata Mett.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 53 (1863)
= Alsophila heteromorpha Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 2, 16: 1 (1914)
= Alsophila heteromorpha var. decomposita Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 3, 3: 129 (1920)
= Alsophila hewittii (Copel.) Alderw.; Malayan Ferns Fern Allies 55 (1917)
= Alsophila squamulata (J.Sm.) Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W.J.Hooker] 1: 51 (1844) (p. p.)
= Alsophila subulata Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 2, 28: 1 (1918)
= Cyathea heteromorpha (Alderw.) Domin; Pteridophyta 262 (1929), et Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 88-174 (1930)
= Cyathea hewittii Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 6: 134, t. 14 (1911)
= Cyathea recommutata Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 4: 36 (1909), nom. nov.
= Cyathea subulata (Alderw.) Domin; Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 164 (1930)
= Cyathea toppingii Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 12: 51 (1917)
= Gymnosphaera hewittii (Copel.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 98 (1947)
= Gymnosphaera recommutata (Copel.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 98 (1947)
= Gymnosphaera squamulata J.Sm.; J. Bot. [Hooker] 3: 419 (1841) (non Blume (1828))
species :
Gymnosphaera denticulata
(Baker) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 98 (1947)
Distribution: China (Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Japan; Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan
36 CHI 38 JAP NNS TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila acaulis Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 335 (1914)
= Alsophila denticulata Baker; London J. Bot. 102 (1846), non Cyathea denticulata Goldm. 1843
= Cyathea acaulis (Makino) Domin; Pteridophyta 262 (1929), et Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 88-174 (1930)
= Cyathea hancockii Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 4: 37 (1909), nom. nov.
= Cyathea polyodonta Domin; Pteridophyta 263 (1929)
= Dryopteris denticulata Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 6, Suppl. (Gen. Ind. Fl. Formos.): 101 (1917), non (Sw.) Kuntze
= Dryopteris hancockii (Copel.) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 41: 74 (1927)
= Dryopteris taitunensis Koidz.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 38: 197 (1924)
= Gymnosphaera hancockii (Copel.) Ching; (1978)
species :
Gymnosphaera dimorpha
(Christ) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 16 (2018)
Distribution: C-Sulawesi; SE-Sulawesi
42 SUL
Conservation Status: IUCN I (2 collections)
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila dimorpha Christ; Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg 19: 41 (1904)
= Cyathea dimorpha (Christ) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 4: Bot. 34 (1909)
species :
Gymnosphaera gammiei
(R.D.Dixit) S.Y.Dong; J. Syst. Evol. 60(2): 434 (2020)
Distribution: Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal); Bangladesh
40 BAN BHU IND NEP
Remarks: Exclusion from Gymnosphaera henryi fide Dong, Haque & Rahman 2020
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila gammiei R.D.Dixit; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 34(1-4): 206 (1997) ("1992")
= Cyathea sharmae T.Bandyop., T.Sen & U.Sen; Pteridol. New Millennium 100 (2003), nom. nov. superfl.
species :
Gymnosphaera gigantea
(Wall. ex Hook.) S.Y.Dong; Phytotaxa 400(2): 87 (2019)
Distribution: Nepal; ?Bhutan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State, Chhatishgarh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl.; Myanmar (Kachin, etc.); Thailand (widespread); Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Langkawi Isl., Penang, Perak); C-Sumatra; W-Java
40 BAN IND NEP SRL 41 AND CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 JAW MLY SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila balakrishnanii (R.D.Dixit & Tripathi) R.D.Dixit
= Alsophila gigantea Wall. ex Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W.J.Hooker] 1: 53 (1844)
= Alsophila helferiana C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 5: 341 (1848)
= Alsophila polycampta Kunze; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 4: 475 (1846)
= Alsophila rheosora Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 1, 6: 972 (1898)
= Alsophila umbrosa Wall. ex Ridl.; J. Malayan Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 4: 6 (1926) (p. p.)
= Cyathea balakrishnanii R.D.Dixit & A.K.Tripathi; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 26(3-4): 170 (1984 publ. 1986) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Cyathea gigantea (Wall. ex Hook.) Holttum; Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 8: 318 (1935)
= Cyathea venulosa Wall.; Numer. List. [Wallich] no. 180 (1829), nom. nud.
= Dichorexia gigantea (Wall. ex Hook.) C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 5: 344 (1848)
= Gymnosphaera gigantea (Wall.) J.Sm.; London J. Bot. 1: 667 (1842), nom. inval. (based on a nomen nud.)
= Polypodium giganteum Wall.; Numer. List. [Wallich] 64, no. 321 (1828) (non Desv. (1827))
= Polypodium umbrosum Wall.; Numer. List. [Wallich] no. 336 (1829), nomen
species :
Gymnosphaera glabra
Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 242 (1828)
Distribution: Laos; peninsular Malaysia (Perlis, Kedah, Kelantan, Terengganu, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah, Sarawak, Kalimantan); Brunei; Sulawesi; W-Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Flores)
41 LAO 42 BOR BRN JAW LSI MLY SNG SUL SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila dubia Bedd.; J. Bot. 26: 1: t. 279 A (1888)
= Alsophila glabra (Blume) Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W.J.Hooker] 1: 51 (1844)
= Alsophila reducta Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 2, 28: 1 (1918)
= Alsophila vexans Ces.; Atti Reale Accad. Sci. Napoli 7(8): 4 (1876)
= Cyathea dubia (Bedd.) Copel.; Sarawak Mus. J. 2: 349 (1917)
= Cyathea glabra (Blume) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 4: 35 (1909)
= Cyathea reducta Domin; Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 88-174 (1930)
= Cyathea vexans (Ces.) C.Chr.; Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 7: 218 (1934)
= Gymnosphaera vexans (Ces.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 98 (1947)
species :
Gymnosphaera henryi
(Baker) S.R.Ghosh; Pterid. Fl. E. India 200 (2004)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan); Myanmar; Thailand
36 CHI 41 MYA THA
Remarks: bona sp. and not a synonym of C. gigantea fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2015b, 2017)
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila gigantea var. polynervata (R.H.Miao) Q.Xia; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 27: 11 (1989)
= Alsophila henryi Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1898: 229 (1898)
= Cyathea gigantea var. polynervata R.H.Miao; Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. 1: 100 (1980)
= Cyathea henryi (Baker) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci., C, 4: 38 (1909)
= Cyathea pectinata Ching & S.H.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 9: 365 (1964)
= Cyathea petiolulata Ching & S.H.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 9: 365 (1964) non H. Karst.
= Cyathea pseudogigantea Ching & S.H.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 9: 365 (1964)
= Cyathea tinganensis Ching & S.H.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 9: 366 (1964)
= Gymnosphaera gigantea var. polynervata (R.H.Miao) Y.K.Yang & J.K.Wu; Chin. Wild Pl. Resoures 21(6): 4 (2002)
species :
Gymnosphaera hornei
(Baker) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 99 (1947)
Distribution: New Guinea (Louisiade Arch.: Misima Isl., Sudest Isl., Rossel Isl., Papua New Guinea, Irian Jaya); Solomon Isl. (Bougainville, Guadalcanal, Kolombangara, Makira, New Georgia, Nggatokae, Santa Ysabel, Vella Lavella); Fiji (Viti Levu, Vanua Levu, Ovalau, Taveuni)
42 NWG 43 SOL 60 FIJ
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila brunnea Brause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 56: 73 (1920)
= Alsophila dissitifolia Baker; J. Bot. 24: 182 (1886)
= Alsophila hornei Baker; J. Bot. 17: 293 (1879)
= Alsophila ledermannii Brause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 56: 76 (1920)
= Alsophila melanocaulos Alderw.; Nova Guinea 14: 1 (1924)
= Cyathea brunnea (Brause) Domin; Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 101 (1930)
= Cyathea dimorphophylla Domin; Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 111 (1930), nom. nov. for Alsophila ledermannii
= Cyathea dissitifolia (Baker) Domin; Pteridophyta 262 (1929), et Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 88-174 (1930)
= Cyathea hornei (Baker) Copel.; Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 59: 38 (1929)
= Cyathea melanoclada Domin; Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 174 (1930), nom. nov. for Alsophila melanocaulos
= Gymnosphaera melanocaulos (Alderw.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 99 (1947)
species :
Gymnosphaera impolita
(Rakotondr. & Janssen) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 16 (2018)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila impolita (Rakotondr. & Janssen) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 6 (2018)
= Cyathea impolita Rakotondr. & Janssen; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 29(2): 203 (2007)
variant :
var. michelii
(Rakotondr. & Janssen) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 16 (2018)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyathea impolita var. michelii Rakotondr. & Janssen; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 29(2): 204 (2007)
species :
Gymnosphaera khasyana
(T.Moore ex Kuhn) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 22(3): 196 (1984)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Kachin, etc.)
36 CHI TIB 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila khasyana T.Moore ex Kuhn; Linnaea 36: 154 (1869)
= Alsophila latebrosa var. ornata (J.Scott ex Bedd.) Bedd.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1909: 423 (1909)
= Alsophila oldhamii Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India, t. 343 (1870)
= Alsophila ornata J.Scott ex Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India, t. 342 (1870)
= Alsophila ornata var. sikkimensis (C.B.Clarke & Baker) Bedd.; J. Bot. 31: 225 (1893)
= Alsophila pingbianica Y.K.Yang, Y.M.He & J.K.Wu; J. Wuhan Bot. Res. 17(3): 211 (1999)
= Alsophila scottiana Baker; Gard. Chron. 1872: 699 (1872)
= Alsophila sikkimensis C.B.Clarke & Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 24: 409 (1888) (non A. ornata var. sikkimensis Bedd., nor A. latebrosa var. ornata Bedd.)
= Cyathea khasyana (T.Moore ex Kuhn) Domin; Pteridophyta 262 (1929)
= Cyathea oldhamii (Bedd.) Domin; Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 88-174 (1930)
= Cyathea ornata (J.Scott ex Bedd.) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 4: 59 (1909)
= Cyathea sikkimensis (C.B.Clarke & Baker) Cretz.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 60: 316 (1941) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Gymnosphaera hongheensis Y.K.Yang, Z.Y.Yu & J.K.Wu
= Gymnosphaera pingbianica (Y.K.Yang, Y.M.He & J.K.Wu) Y.K.Yang & J.K.Wu
species :
Gymnosphaera lurida
(Blume) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 17 (2018)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Pahang); Sumatra; Borneo (Sabah); Sulawesi; Philippines (Mindoro); W-Java
42 BOR JAW MLY PHI SUL SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila bakeri Zeiller; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 82: 72 (1885)
= Alsophila heterophylla (Domin) Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 2, 16: 2 (1914)
= Alsophila kingii C.B.Clarke ex Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India 475 (1883)
= Alsophila lurida (Blume) Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W.J.Hooker] 1: 55 (1844)
= Alsophila melanorhachis Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci., C, 2: 146 (1907)
= Alsophila subdimorpha (Copel.) Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 2, 16: 2 (1914)
= Chnoophora lurida Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 244 (1828)
= Cyathea heterophylla Domin; Pteridophyta 262 (1929), et Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 88-174 (1930)
= Cyathea kingii (C.B.Clarke ex Bedd.) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci., C, 4: 56 (1909)
= Cyathea lurida (Blume) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 4: 45 (1901)
= Cyathea melanorachis (Copel.) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 4: 38 (1909)
= Cyathea subdimorpha Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 8: 140, t. 2 (1913)
= Gymnosphaera kingii (C.B.Clarke ex Bedd.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 99 (1947)
= Gymnosphaera melanorhachis (Copel.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 98 (1947)
species :
Gymnosphaera metteniana
(Hance) Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 14: 94 (1951)
Distribution: China (Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Sichuan, Zhejiang); Japan; Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Vietnam
36 CHI 38 JAP NNS TAI 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila formosana Baker; Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 5: 190 (1891)
= Alsophila lamprocaulis (Christ) Ching; Sinensia 2: 36 (1931)
= Alsophila metteniana Hance; J. Bot. 6: 175 (1868)
= Alsophila metteniana var. subglabra Ching & Q.Xia; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 27(1): 14 (1989)
= Aspidium lamprocaulon Christ; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot., Sér. 3, 16: 117 (1906)
= Cyathea formosana (Baker) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 4: 36 (1909)
= Cyathea lamprocaulis (Christ) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot., Ser. 2, 1: 288 (1949)
= Cyathea metteniana (Hance) C.Chr. & Tardieu; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 6: 450 (1934)
= Dryopteris lamprocaulis (Christ) C.Chr.; Index Filic., Suppl. (1906-1912) 34 (1913)
= Gymnosphaera formosana (Baker) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 98 (1947)
= Gymnosphaera lamprocaulis (Christ) Ching ex L.K.Ling
= Gymnosphaera metteniana var. subglabra (Ching & Q.Xia) Y.K.Yang & J.K.Wu
species :
Gymnosphaera mildbraedii
(Brause) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 17 (2018)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire] (Ruwenzori); Uganda
23 ZAI 25 UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila mildbraedii Brause; Wiss. Ergebn. Deut. Zentr.-Afr. Exped. (1907-1908), Bot. 2: 2, t. 1, f. A-C (1910)
= Cyathea mildbraedii (Brause) Domin; Pteridophyta 263 (1929), et Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 88-174 (1930)
species :
Gymnosphaera nicklesii
Tardieu & F.Ballard ex Tardieu; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 329 (1953)
Distribution: Central African Republic
23 CAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila nicklesii (Tardieu & F.Ballard) R.M.Tryon; Contr. Gray Herb. 200: 31 (1970)
= Cyathea nicklesii (Tardieu & F.Ballard) Tindale; Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 2: 331 (1956)
species :
Gymnosphaera ogurae
(Hayata) Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 14: 94 (1951)
Distribution: Bonin Isl. (Chichijima)
38 OGA
Conservation Status: VU in Japan
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila ogurae Hayata; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 39: 149 (1925)
= Cyathea ogurae (Hayata) Domin; Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 88-174 (1930)
species :
Gymnosphaera olivacea
(Brause) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 17 (2018)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila olivacea Brause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 56: 74 (1920)
= Cyathea olivacea (Brause) Domin; Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 143 (1930)
species :
Gymnosphaera phankelocii
S.Y.Dong & C.W.Chen; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 204(1): 68 (2023)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
species :
Gymnosphaera phlebodes
(Lehnert & Coritico) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 17 (2018)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila phlebodes Lehnert & Coritico; Syst. Bot. 38(4): 882 (2014)
species :
Gymnosphaera podophylla
(Hook.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 98 (1947)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Yunnan); Japan; Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Thailand (widespread); Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
36 CHI 38 JAP NNS TAI 41 CBD LAO THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila kohchangensis C.Chr.; Bot. Tidsskr. 32: 341 (1916)
= Alsophila podophylla Hook.; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard Misc. 9: 334 (1857)
= Alsophila rheosora Baker; J. Bot. 28: 292 (1890)
= Cyathea kohchangensis Domin; Pteridophyta 262 (1929), et Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 88-174 (1930)
= Cyathea podophylla (Hook.) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 4: 33 (1909)
= Cyathea podophylla var. occulata C.Chr. & Tardieu; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 10: 449 (1934)
= Cyathea rheosora Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 4: 34 (1909)
= Dryopteris subconjuncta Christ; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 1: 185 cum. fig. (1910)
species :
Gymnosphaera poolii
(C.Chr.) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 18 (2018)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila poolii C.Chr.; Index Filic. 46 (1905)
= Alsophila vestita (C.Chr.) Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 412 (1876) (non C. Presl (1849))
= Cyathea poolii (C.Chr.) Domin; Pteridophyta 263 (1929), et Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 88-174 (1930)
species :
Gymnosphaera ramispina
(Hook.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 98 (1947)
Distribution: Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah, Sarawak, Kalimantan)
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila amaiambitensis Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 2, 28: 1 (1918)
= Alsophila burbidgei Christ; Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg 20: 138 (1906) (p. p., non Baker)
= Alsophila hallieri Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 2, 28: 2 (1918) (non Rosenst.)
= Alsophila kenepaiana Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 3, 2: 129 (1920)
= Alsophila ramispina Hook.; Syn. Fil. [W.J.Hooker & Baker] 42 (1866)
= Cyathea amaiambitensis (Alderw.) Domin; Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 90 (1930)
= Cyathea kenepaiana Domin; Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 127 (1930)
= Cyathea ramispina (Hook.) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 4: 36 (1909)
species :
Gymnosphaera ramispinoides
(M.Kato) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 18 (2018)
Distribution: Moluccas (Seram)
42 MOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila ramispinoides (M.Kato) Lehnert; Syst. Bot. 38(4): 883 (2014), et 40(2): 386 (2015)
= Cyathea ramispinoides M.Kato; J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 14(5): 378 (1990)
species :
Gymnosphaera rebeccae
(F.Muell.) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 18 (2018)
Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isl. (Flores); Australia (Queensland)
42 LSI 50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila rebeccae F.Muell.; Fragm. [Mueller] 5: 33 (1865), 53, 36: 117 (1896)
= Alsophila rebeccae var. lobulata Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 20: 29 (1914)
= Cyathea rebeccae (F.Muell.) Domin; Pteridophyta 263 (1929), et Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 88-174 (1929 publ. 1930)
species :
Gymnosphaera rouhaniana
(Rakotondr. & Janssen) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 18 (2018)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila rouhaniana (Rakotondr. & Janssen) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 6 (2018)
= Cyathea rouhaniana Rakotondr. & Janssen; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 29(2): 207 (2007)
species :
Gymnosphaera rubella
(Holttum) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 18 (2018)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea, d´Entrecasteaux Arch.)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila rubella (Holttum) R.M.Tryon; Contr. Gray Herb. 200: 36 (1970)
= Cyathea rubella Holttum; Kew Bull. 16: 61 (1962)
species :
Gymnosphaera salletii
(Tardieu & C.Chr. ex C.Chr. & Tardieu) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 18 (2018)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila salletii (Tardieu & C.Chr.) R.M.Tryon; Contr. Gray Herb. 200: 32 (1970)
= Cyathea salletii Tardieu & C.Chr. ex C.Chr. & Tardieu; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 6: 450 (1934)
species :
Gymnosphaera salvinii
(Hook.) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 18 (2018)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Peru; SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 83 PER 84 BRA
Remarks: a true Gymnosphaera based on molecular results
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila munchii Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 5: 734 (1905)
= Alsophila salvinii Hook.; Syn. Fil. [W.J.Hooker & Baker] 36 (1866)
= Cyathea salvinii (Hook.) Domin; Pteridophyta 263 (1929), et Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 88-174 (1929 publ. 1930)
species :
Gymnosphaera saxicola
S.Y.Dong & Z.Y.Zuo; J. Syst. Evol. 60(2): 441 (2020)
Distribution: China (SW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Gymnosphaera scandens
(Brause) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 18 (2018)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Conservation Status: IUCN I (one collection)
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila scandens Brause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 56: 77 (1920)
= Cyathea scandens (Brause) Domin; Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 156 (1930)
= Thysanobotrya scandens (Brause) Posth.; Proc. Sect. Sci. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterdam 39: 826 (1936)
species :
Gymnosphaera schlechteri
(Brause) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 99 (1947)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Conservation Status: IUCN R (one collection)
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila schlechteri Brause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 16, f. 1 D (1912)
= Cyathea schlechteri (Brause) Domin; Pteridophyta 263 (1929), et Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 88-174 (1930)
species :
Gymnosphaera schliebenii
(Reimers) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 19 (2018)
Distribution: Tanzania (Uluguru Mts., Ukaguru Mts.)
25 TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila schliebenii Reimers; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 918 (1933)
= Cyathea fadenii Holttum; Kew Bull. 36(3): 470 (1981), nom. nov.
species :
Gymnosphaera subdubia
(Alderw.) S.Y.Dong; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103(1): 19 (2018)
Distribution: C-Sumatra; W-Java
42 JAW SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Alsophila persquamulata Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 2, 28: 1 (1918)
= Alsophila subdubia Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 2, 20: 3 (1915)
= Cyathea persquamulata (Alderw.) Domin; Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 88-174 (1930)
= Cyathea subdubia (Alderw.) Domin; Pteridophyta 263 (1929), et Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 88-174 (1930)
species :
Gymnosphaera vietnamensis
S.Y.Dong & C.W.Chen; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 204(1): 71 (2023)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
