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Ver. 24.10
October 9th, 2024

270.0000 Family Rutaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 296 (1789), nom. cons.
148 genera, ca. 2200 spp. Systematics following Appelhans et al. (2021)
Species listed in database: 2214; hybrids: 20
= Amyridaceae Kunth; Ann. Sci. Nat (Paris) 2: 353 (1824)
= Aurantiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 259 (1789)
= Boroniaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 229 (1858)
= Citraceae Roussel; Fl. Calvados, ed. 2: 271 (1806)
= Cneoraceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 267, 285 (1818), nom. cons.
= Dictamnaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 269, 287 (1818)
= Diosmaceae R.Br. ex Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl.: 229, 386 (1830)
= Diplolaenaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 229 (1858)
= Flindersiaceae C.T.White ex Airy Shaw; Kew Bull. 18: 257 (1965)
= Fraxinellaceae Nees. & Mart.; Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 11: 147, 183 (1823)
= Jamboliferaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 324 (1820)
= Pilocarpaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 221 (1858)
= Ptaeroxylaceae J.-F.Leroy; J. Agric. Trop. Bot. Appl. 7: 456 (1960)
= Pteleaceae Kunth; Ann. Sci. Nat (Paris) 2: 354 (1824)
= Spatheliaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 280 (1858)
= Zanthoxylaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 682 (1820)
270.5001 Genus Glycosmis Corrêa; Ann. Mus. Par. 6: 384 (1805)
Distribution: India, Sri Lanka, S-China, Taiwan, Indochina, Malesia, Australia (Queensland)
Species listed in database: 55
= Chionotria Jack; Malay. Misc. 2: (1822) vII. 53
= Dioxippe M.Roem.; Syn. Hesper. 33, 45 (1846)
= Myxospermum M.Roem.; Syn. Hesper. 40 (1846)
= Phoenicimon Ridl.; Fl. Malay Penins. 5: 301 (1925)
= Tetracronia Pierre; Fl. For. Cochinch. Fasc. 18 (1893) t. 285a.
= Thoreldora Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch.: t. 334 (1897)
species :
Glycosmis aglaioides R.H.Miao; Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 32(4): 59-60 (1993)
Distribution: China (Guizhou)
36 CHI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Glycosmis albicarpa Sujana & Vadhyar; Sujana & Vadhyar Nordic J. Bot. 2022(4)-e03501: 2 (2022)
Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
species :
Glycosmis angustifolia Lindl. ex Wall.; Wight & Arn., Prodr. 1: 93 (1834)
Distribution: India (Kerala, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka
40 IND SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis bilocularis Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 45 (1859)
= Glycosmis pentaphylla subvar. angustifolia (Lindl.) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 1: 500 (1875)
= Glycosmis pentaphylla var. angustifolia (Lindl.) Kurz; J. Bot. 14: 37 (1876)
= Glycosmis triphylla var. angustifolia (Lindl. ex Wight & Arn.) Kurz; J. Bot. 14: 37 (1876)
species :
Glycosmis borana V.Naray. ex Yu.Tanaka; J. Ind. Bot. Soc. 16: 228 (1937), et Rec. Bot. Surv. India 14: No. 2. 45 (1941), descr. ampl.
Distribution: India (Arunachal Pradesh)
40 IND
species :
Glycosmis chlorosperma (Blume) Spreng.; Syst. 4: Cur. Post. 162 (1827)
Distribution: Myanmar (Yangon); peninsular Malaysia; Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo; Philippines (Balabac); Java
41 MYA 42 BOR JAW MLY PHI SNG SUM
Conservation Status: vulnerable (Singapore)
Synonyms: hidden
= Cookia chlorosperma Blume; Bijdr. 135 (1826)
= Dioxippe chlorosperma (Blume) M.Roem.; Syn. Hesper. 45 (1846)
= Glycosmis malayana Ridl.; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 75: 12 (1917)
= Glycosmis monticola Ridl.; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 75: 14 (1917)
variant :
var. angustifolia V.Naray.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 14(2): 43 (1941)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Perak)
42 MLY
variant :
var. bidiensis B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 3 (1985)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak)
42 BOR
variant :
var. elmeri (Merr.) Yu.Tanaka; Meded. Rijks-Herb. 69: 3 (1931)
Distribution: Philippines (Tawitawi)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis elmeri Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 30: 400 (1926)
variant :
var. lindleyana (Swingle) B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 3 (1985)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Penang, Perak)
42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis lindleyana Swingle; Citrus Ind. 1: 155 (1943)
= Glycosmis pentaphylla subvar. macrophylla Oliv.; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5(Suppl. 2): 37 (1861)
variant :
var. macrorachis (King) B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 3 (1985)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Penang)
42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis pentaphylla subvar. macrorachis King; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 62: 217 (1893 publ. 1894)
variant :
var. paraphyllophora B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 3 (1985)
Distribution: Thailand; peninsular Malaysia (Penang)
41 THA 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis paraphylliana V.Naray.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 14(2): 48 (1941)
species :
Glycosmis cochinchinensis (Lour.) Pierre; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] III, 4: 185 (1896)
Distribution: China (Hainan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan); Taiwan; Myanmar (Bago, Sagaing, Taninthayi); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
36 CHI 38 TAI 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis cochinchinensis var. contracta Craib; Fl. Siam. 1: 223 (1926)
= Glycosmis greenei var. virgata Tanaka; Meded. Rijks-Herb. 69: 5 (1931)
= Glycosmis parkeri V.Naray.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 14: No. 2, 52 (1941) ex Yu. Tanaka, J. Ind. Bot. Soc. 16: 229., in syn. (1937)
= Glycosmis touranensis Guillaumin; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 91: 216 (1945)
= Toluifera cochinchinensis Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 262 (1790)
species :
Glycosmis collina B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 4 (1985)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Gunung Batu Puteh, Perak, Fraser´s Hill, Pahang)
42 MLY
species :
Glycosmis craibii Yu.Tanaka; Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 2: 159 (1930)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); NE-Thailand
36 CHI 41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis puberula var. craibii (Yu.Tanaka) B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 18 (1985)
= Glycosmis singuliflora Craib; Fl. Siam. Enum. 1: 225, 226 (1926), non Kurz
variant :
var. glabra (Craib) Yu.Tanaka; Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 2: 149 (1930)
Distribution: China (Hainan); N-Thailand; Vietnam
36 CHI 41 THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis singuliflora var. glabra Craib; Fl. Siam. 1: 226 (1926)
species :
Glycosmis crassifolia Ridl.; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 75: 14 (1917)
Distribution: Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (once each from Melaka and Pahang)
41 VIE 42 MLY
species :
Glycosmis cyanocarpa (Blume) Spreng.; Syst. Veg. 4 (Cur. Post.): 161 (1827)
Distribution: Vietnam; Sumatra; S-Borneo; Sulawesi; Java; ?Moluccas (?Halmaheira)
41 VIE 42 BOR JAW SUL SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Cookia cyanocarpa Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 136 (1825)
= Dioxippe cyanocarpa (Blume) M.Roem.; Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 1: 46 (1846)
= Glycosmis cyanocarpa f. longifolia Yu.Tanaka; J. Bot. 68: 226 (1930)
= Glycosmis pentaphylla var. cyanocarpa (Blume) Hochr.; Candollea 2: 407 (1925)
variant :
var. erythrocarpoides B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 7 (1985)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
variant :
var. fuscescens (Kurz) K.Narayanan; Fl. India 4: 336 (1997)
Distribution: India (Meghalaya); Andaman Isl. (South Andaman Isl., Little Andaman Isl.); Myanmar
40 IND 41 AND MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis pentaphylla var. fuscescens (Kurz) V.Naray.; Rec. Surv. India 14: 20 (1941)
= Glycosmis mauritiana var. fuscescens (Kurz) B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 14 (1985), isonym
= Glycosmis mauritiana var. fuscescens (Kurz) Mitra & Subraman.; J. Arnold Arbor. 50: 156 (1969)
= Glycosmis trifoliata var. fuscescens Kurz; J. Bot. 14: 37 (1876)
variant :
var. larsenii B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 8 (1985)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
variant :
var. linearifoliola V.Naray. ex Yu.Tanaka; J. Indian Bot. Soc. 16: 229 (1937)
Distribution: India (Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis cyanocarpa var. changsillana V.Naray.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 14: 32, f. 10 (1941)
= Glycosmis cymosa var. linearifoliola (V.Naray. ex Tanaka) R.L.Mitra & Subr.; J. Arnold Arbor. 50: 156 (1969)
variant :
var. philippinensis B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 7 (1985)
Distribution: Philippines
42 PHI
variant :
var. platyphylla (Merr.) B.C.Stone; Fed. Mus. J. (Kuala Lumpur) 23: 98 (1978)
Distribution: Borneo; Philippines (Leyte, Samar); Sulawesi
42 BOR PHI SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis platyphylla Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., Bot. 12: 273 (1917)
= Glycosmis clemensii Yu.Tanaka; Meded. Herb. Leid. No. 69, 4 (1931)
variant :
var. rubiginosa (Ridl.) B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 7 (1985)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis rubiginosa Ridl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1925: 78 (1925)
variant :
var. simplicifolia Kurz; J. Bot. 14: 35 (1876)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland); Sri Lanka; Myanmar; Thailand; Sumatra; Java
36 CHI 40 IND SRL 41 MYA THA 42 JAW SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis cymosa var. changsillana V.Naray.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 14(2): 32 (1941)
= Glycosmis cymosa var. simplicifolia (Kurz) J.Naray.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 14(2): 30 (1941)
= Glycosmis longifolia (Oliv.) Yu.Tanaka; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 75: 709 (1928)
= Glycosmis pentaphylla subvar. longifolia Oliv.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 2: 37 (1861)
= Glycosmis pentaphylla var. longifolia (Oliv.) Trimen; Handb. Fl. Ceylon 1: 218 (1893)
variant :
var. wirawanii B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 6 (1985)
Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isl.
42 LSI
species :
Glycosmis decipiens B.C.Stone; Malaysian Forest Rec., 26 (Tree Fl. Malaysia, 1): 381 (1972), nom. nov.
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Terengganu, Pahang, P. Tioman, Negeri Sembilan, Johor)
42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Phoenicimon rubiginosus Ridl.; Fl. Malay Penins. 5: 301 (1925)
species :
Glycosmis dinhensis Pierre ex Guillaumin; Lecomte, Not. Syst. 1: 214 (1910)
Distribution: Laos; Vietnam
41 LAO VIE
species :
Glycosmis elongata Bakh.f.; Backer, Bekn. Fl. Java 6(145): 16 (1948)
Distribution: Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali)
42 JAW LSI
Synonyms: hidden
= Camunium longifolia (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 99 (1891)
= Murraya longifolia Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 137 (1825)
= Poechia longifolia (Blume) Opiz; Lotos 2: 232 (1852)
= Sicklera longifolia (Blume) M.Roem.; Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 1: 49 (1846)
species :
Glycosmis erythrocarpa (Hayata) Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 8: 14 (1919)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Fortunella erythrocarpa Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 6: 13 (1916)
= Glycosmis parviflora var. erythrocarpa (Hayata) T.C.Ho; Endemic Sp. Res. 9(2): 36 (2007)
species :
Glycosmis esquirolii (H.Lév.) Yu.Tanaka; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 75: 709 (1928)
Distribution: China (Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangxi); Myanmar; Thailand
36 CHI 41 MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Clausena esquirolii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9(214-216): 324 (1911)
= Clausena ferruginea C.C.Huang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8(1): 86, t. 15 (1959)
= Glycosmis ferruginea (C.C.Huang) C.C.Huang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 16(2): 84 (1978)
= Glycosmis winitii Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1926: 339 (1926)
species :
Glycosmis gracilis B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 10 (1985)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis gracilis Yu.Tanaka ex Guillaumin; Suppl. Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 629 (1946), sine descr. lat.
species :
Glycosmis greenei Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 4: 1512 (1912)
Distribution: Philippines (Sibuyan)
42 PHI
species :
Glycosmis kanburiensis Aiyakool & S.Vajrodaya; Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 53(1): 26 (2023)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Glycosmis lanceolata (Blume) D.Dietr.; Syn. Plant. 2: 1409 (1840)
Distribution: China (Hainan, S-Yunnan, Guangdong); Thailand; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Kelantan); +Singapore; Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak); Palawan; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl.; Moluccas
36 CHI 41 THA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL PHI PLW SNG
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis angularis Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 2: 489 (1908)
= Glycosmis greenei var. cymosa Tanaka; Meded. Rijks-Herb. 69: 5 (1931)
= Glycosmis greenei var. simplex B.C.Stone; Fed. Mus. J. (Kuala Lumpur) 23: 91 (1978)
= Glycosmis hainanensis C.C.Huang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8(1): 79-80 (1959)
= Glycosmis montana Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch.: t. 258b (1892)
= Glycosmis simplicifolia Spreng.; Syst. Veg. (ed. 16) [Spreng.] 4(2, Cur. Post.): 162 (1827)
= Glycosmis zippelii B.C.Stone; Fed. Mus. J. (Kuala Lumpur) 23: 100 (1978)
= Helie lanceolata (Blume) M.Roem.; Syn. Hesper. 43 (1846)
= Sclerostylis lanceolata Blume; Bijdr. 134 (1826)
species :
Glycosmis longipes (Craib) Yu.Tanaka; Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Ser. II. 2: 159 (1930)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis dinhensis var. longipes Craib; Fl. Siam. 1: 223 (1926)
= Clausena dentata var. longipes (Craib) Yu.Tanaka; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 75: 709 (1928)
species :
Glycosmis longipetala F.J.Mou & D.X.Zhang; J. Syst. Evol. 47(2): 165 (2009)
Distribution: China (Yunnan, Guangxi)
36 CHI
species :
Glycosmis longisepala B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 11 (1985)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak)
42 BOR
species :
Glycosmis lucida Wall. ex C.C.Huang; Guihaia 7(2): 119 (1987)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Sikkim, Tripura, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Nicobar Isl.; Myanmar (Taninthayi); Vietnam; Borneo; ?Philippines; Java
36 CHI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 MYA NCB VIE 42 BOR JAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis cyanocarpa var. cymosa Kurz; J. Bot. 14: 34 (1876)
= Glycosmis cymosa (Kurz) V.Naray.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 14: No. 2, 26 (1941), not Zippelius ex Span. (1841)
= Glycosmis oxyphylla Wall. ex Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt.: 139 (1845), nom. nud.
= Glycosmis tetraphylla Wall. ex Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt.: 139 (1845), nom. subnud.
= Glycosmis yunnanensis C.C.Huang; Iconogr. Cormophytorum Sinicorum 2: 159 (1983)
species :
Glycosmis macrantha Merr.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 15: 114 (1929)
Distribution: Borneo; Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis oliveri Stapf ex Ridl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1930: 80 (1930)
species :
Glycosmis macrocarpa Wight; Illustr. 1: 109 (1840)
Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu, Kerala)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis pentaphylla var. macrocarpa (Wight) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 1: 500 (1875)
species :
Glycosmis macrophylla (Blume) Miq.; Fl. Ind. Bat. 1: II. 522 (1859)
Distribution: Myanmar (Taninthayi); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Langkawi Isl., Penang, Kelantan, Terengganu, Perak); Borneo; Sulawesi; Java; Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Australia (NE-Western Australia, N-Northern Territory)
41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 BOR JAW MLY MOL NWG SUL 50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis cyanocarpa var. sapindoides (Lindl. ex Oliv.) Kurz; J. Bot. 14: 34 (1876)
= Glycosmis elata Ridl.; J. Fed. Malay States Mus. 10: 130 (1920)
= Glycosmis macrophylla var. australiensis (B.C.Stone) B.C.Stone; Gard. Bull. Singapore 46(1): 119 (1994)
= Glycosmis pilosa V.Naray. ex Yu.Tanaka; J. Ind. Bot. Soc. 16: 230, in syn. (1937)
= Glycosmis sapindoides Lindl. ex Oliv.; Wall. Cat. n. 6376, ex Oliv., J. Proc. Linn. Soc. Bot. 5, suppl. 2: 38 (1861)
= Glycosmis sapindoides var. australiensis B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 18 (1985)
= Glycosmis sapindoides var. pilosa Tanaka; J. Indian Bot. Soc. 16: 230 (1937), anglice
= Sclerostylis macrophylla Blume; Bijdr. 135 (1826)
variant :
var. microphylla (B.C.Stone) B.C.Stone; Gard. Bull. Singapore 46(1): 119 (1994)
Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isl.
42 LSI
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis sapindoides var. microphylla B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 18 (1985)
species :
Glycosmis mansiana V.Naray.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 14: No. 2, 48 (1941)
Distribution: Myanmar
41 MYA
species :
Glycosmis mauritiana (Lam.) Yu.Tanaka; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 75: 708 (1928)
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (North Andaman Isl., Middle Andaman Isl., South Andaman Isl., Little Andaman Isl.); Nicobar Isl. (Car Nicobar Isl., North Nicobar Isl., Central Nicobar Isl., Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.); Myanmar; Thailand; peninsular Malaysia (Perlis, Langkawi Isl., Kedah, Penang, Kelantan, Perak); SE-Borneo; ?Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali)
40 BAN IND SRL 41 AND MYA NCB THA 42 BOR LSI MLY
Remarks: not on Mauritius
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis nitida Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 1: 93 (1834)
= Glycosmis rupestris Ridl.; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 59: 81 (1911)
= Glycosmis triphylla Wight; Hook. Bot. Misc. 3: 298 (1833)
= Hesperethusa mauritiana (Lam.) M.Roem.; Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 1: 38 (1846)
= Limonia mauritiana Lam.; Encyc. 3: 517 (1792)
= Marignia nitida (Wight & Arn.) Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31: (1858) I. 475
variant :
var. andamanensis Yu.Tanaka; J. Indian Bot. Soc. 16(4): 229 (1937)
Distribution: Andaman Isl. (South Andaman Isl.); Nicobar Isl. (Great Nicobar Isl.)
41 AND NCB
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis pentaphylla var. andamanensis (Yu.Tanaka) V.Naray.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India (1941)
variant :
var. angustifolia Yu.Tanaka; J. Bot. 68: 226 (1930)
Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu, Kerala)
40 IND
variant :
var. hainanensis B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 14 (1985)
Distribution: China (Hainan)
36 CHI
variant :
var. insularis (Kurz) Yu.Tanaka; J. Indian Bot. Soc. 16: 229 (1937)
Distribution: Sri Lanka; Andaman Isl.; Nicobar Isl. (North Nicobar Isl., Central Nicobar Isl.); peninsular Malaysia (once from Bt Sebukor, Melaka)
40 SRL 41 AND NCB 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis arborea var. insularis Kurz; Bot. 14: 38 (1876)
= Glycosmis mauritiana var. latifolia (Kurz) B.C.Stone; Fed. Mus. J. (Kuala Lumpur) 23: 104 (1978)
= Glycosmis mauritiana var. latifolia (Kurz) N.P.Balakr.; Bull. Bot. Surv. India, 22(1-4): 173 (1980 publ. 1982)
= Glycosmis pentaphylla var. latifolia (Kurz) Naray.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 14: 20 (1941)
= Glycosmis trifoliata var. latifolia Kurz; J. Bot. 14: 38 (1876)
variant :
var. tomentosa (Ridl.) B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 14 (1985)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Langkawi Isl.)
42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis rupestris var. tomentosa Ridl.; J. Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 15: 15 (1917)
species :
Glycosmis nelliyampathiensis Jabeena & Maya; Phytotaxa 496(3): 270 (2021)
Distribution: India (Kerala)
40 IND
species :
Glycosmis oligantha C.C.Huang; Guihaia 7(2): 122-123 (1987)
Distribution: China (SW-Guangxi)
36 CHI
species :
Glycosmis ovoidea Pierre; Fl. For. Cochinch. sub t. 285 (1893)
Distribution: Cambodia; Vietnam
41 CBD VIE
species :
Glycosmis parkinsonii Yu.Tanaka; Studia Citrolog. 2: 25 (1928). japonice, et J. Bot. 68: 227 (1930)
Distribution: Myanmar (Taninthayi); Thailand
41 MYA THA
species :
Glycosmis parva Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1926: 337 (1926)
Distribution: Thailand; Laos
41 LAO THA
species :
Glycosmis parviflora (Sims) Kurz; J. Bot. 5: 40 (1876)
Name: Flower axistree
Distribution: Cameroon [I]; China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan); Japan (Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Myanmar (Bago, Mon, Taninthayi); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; Borneo; Philippines; Java; USA [I] (Florida [I]); Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Barbados [I]; Trinidad & Tobago [I]
23 cmn 36 CHI 38 JAP NNS TAI 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 BOR JAW PHI 78 usa 81 bbd cub his jam trt
Synonyms: hidden
= Amyris axilliflora Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. 66 (1866)
= Glycosmis americana Sagot ex Oliv.; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5(Suppl. 2): 37 (1861)
= Glycosmis citrifolia (Willd.) Lindl.; Trans. Hort. Soc. 6: 72 (1826)
= Glycosmis heterophylla A.Rich.; Sagra, Hist. Fis. Cuba, Bot. 10: 231 (1845)
= Glycosmis obtusa Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1: 211 (1863)
= Glycosmis parviflora (Sims) Little; Phytologia 2: 463 (1948), isonym
= Glycosmis parviflora var. obtusa (Miq.) B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 137(2): 15 (1985)
= Glycosmis pentaphylla var. citrifolia (Lindl.) Bakh.f.; Blumea 6: 366 (1950)
= Limonia citrifolia Willd.; Enum. Hort. Berol. 448 (1809), not Salisbury (1796)
= Limonia parviflora Sims; Bot. Mag, t. 2416 (1823)
= Murraya cerasiformis Blanco; Fl. Filip.: 363 (1837)
species :
Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) Corrêa; Ann. Mus. Nat. Paris 6: 386 (1805)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); Nepal; Bhutan; India (almost throughout); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (North Andaman Isl., Middle Andaman Isl., South Andaman Isl., Little Andaman Isl.); Nicobar Isl. (Car Nicobar Isl., North Nicobar Isl., Central Nicobar Isl., Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.); Myanmar (Bago, Magway, Mandalay, Yangon); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Langkawi Isl., Kedah, Kelantan); Sumatra; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Moluccas; Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland)
36 CHI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP SRL 41 AND CBD LAO MYA NCB THA VIE 42 JAW LSI MLY MOL PHI SUM 50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionotria monogyna Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 382 (1842)
= Chionotria rigida Jack; Malay Misc. 2: (1822) VII. 54
= Glycosmis arborea (Roxb.) DC.; Prodr. 1: 538 (1824)
= Glycosmis arborea var. linearifoliolata V.Naray.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 14(2): 26 (1941)
= Glycosmis chylocarpa Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 93 (1834)
= Glycosmis madagascariensis Corrêa ex Risso; Hist. Nat. Orangers 19: t. 109 (1820)
= Glycosmis pentaphylla subvar. chinensis Oliv.; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5(Suppl. 2): 37 (1861)
= Glycosmis pentaphylla var. linearifoliolis Tanaka; J. Indian Bot. Soc. 16: 230 (1937)
= Glycosmis quinquefolia Griff.; Notul. 4: 495 (1856)
= Glycosmis retzii M.Roem.; Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 1: 41 (1846)
= Glycosmis rigida (Jack) Merr.; J. Arnold Arbor. 33: 218 (1952)
= Limonia angustifolia Wall.; Numer. List no. 6360 (1832)
= Limonia arborea Roxb.; Pl. Coromandel 1: 60, t. 85 (1795)
= Limonia pentaphylla Retz.; Obs. B. 5: 24 (1788)
= Murraya exotica Blanco; Fl. Filip. ed. 2.: 255 (1845), nom. illeg.
= Murraya lobata Blanco; Fl. Filip.: 363 (1837)
= Myxospermum chylocarpum (Wight & Arn.) M.Roem.; Syn. Hesper. 40 (1846)
= Sclerostylis pentaphylla Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 135 (1825)
= Sclerostylis timoriensis M.Roem.; Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 1: 43 (1846)
species :
Glycosmis perakensis V.Naray.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 14: No. 2, 59 (1941)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Pahang)
42 MLY
species :
Glycosmis petelotii Guillaumin; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 91: 216 (1945)
Distribution: N-Vietnam
41 VIE
species :
Glycosmis pierrei Tanaka; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., sér. 2, 2: 158 (1930)
Distribution: Thailand; Cambodia; Vietnam
41 CBD THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Thoreldora cochinchinensis Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch. t. 334 (1897)
species :
Glycosmis pilosa V.Naray.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 14: No. 2, 36 (1941)
Distribution: Andaman Isl. (Middle Andaman Isl.); Nicobar Isl. (Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.)
41 AND NCB
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis sapindoides var. pilosa V.Naray. ex Yu.Tanaka; J. Indian Bot. Soc. 16: 230 (1937) sine descr. latin.
species :
Glycosmis pseudoracemosa (Guillaumin) Swingle; Not. Syst. 2: 162 (1912)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Yunnan); Vietnam
36 CHI 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Atalantia pseudoracemosa Guillaumin; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 1: 181 (1911)
= Glycosmis sinensis C.C.Huang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8(1): 80 (1959)
species :
Glycosmis pseudosapindoides V.Naray.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 14: No. 2, 57 (1941)
Distribution: Myanmar (Taninthayi)
41 MYA
species :
Glycosmis puberula Lindl. ex Oliv.; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5(Suppl. 2): 39 (1861)
Distribution: Thailand; Laos; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Penang, Perak)
41 LAO THA VIE 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis puberula Lindl.; Wall. Cat. n. 6375 (1832), nom. nud.
variant :
var. eberhardtii (Yu.Tanaka) B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 18 (1985)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis sapindoides var. eberhardtii Tanaka; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., sér. 2, 2: 158 (1930)
variant :
var. subsessilis (Craib) B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 18 (1985)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis subsessilis Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1926: 338 (1926)
species :
Glycosmis quangtriensis T.A.Le & Tagane; Phytotaxa 650(1): 117 (2024)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
species :
Glycosmis singuliflora Kurz; J. Bot. 14: 37 (1876)
Distribution: India (Assam); Laos; Vietnam
40 IND 41 LAO VIE
species :
Glycosmis stenura B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 19 (1985)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (only known from Gunung Láng, Kedah)
42 MLY
species :
Glycosmis suberosa H.Toyama & Rueangr.; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 44(2): 117 (2016)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Glycosmis subopposita Miq.; Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 501 (1861)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
species :
Glycosmis sumatrana Ridl.; J. Asiat. Soc. Mal. 1: 56 (1923)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
species :
Glycosmis superba B.C.Stone; Fed. Mus. J. (Kuala Lumpur) 23: 95 (1978)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak); Brunei
42 BOR BRN
species :
Glycosmis tetracronia B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 21 (1985) nom. nov.
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis tonkinensis Tanaka ex Guillaumin; Lecomte, Fl. Indo-Chine, Suppl. 1: 629 (1946)
= Tetracronia cymosa Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch. pl. 285b (1895)
species :
Glycosmis tirunelveliensis Murugan & Manickam; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 28(3): 559 (2005)
Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Glycosmis tomentella Ridl.; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 75: 14 (1917)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Gunung Menuang Gasing, Selangor)
42 MLY
species :
Glycosmis trichanthera Guillaumin; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 91: 216 (1945)
Distribution: C-Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Langkawi, Perak, Selangor)
41 VIE 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis calcicola B.C.Stone; Gard. Bull. Singapore 26(1): 55 (1972)
variant :
var. kelantanica (Stone) B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 22 (1985)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Kelantan)
42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis calcicola var. kelantanica B.C.Stone; Gard. Bull. Singapore 26(1): 57 (1972)
variant :
var. sumatrana B.C.Stone; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 137(2): 22 (1985)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
species :
Glycosmis trifoliata (Blume) Spreng.; Syst. 4: Cur. Post. 162 (1827)
Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isl.; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Australia (NE-Western Australia, N-Northern Territory, Queensland)
42 LSI NWG 50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Sclerostylis trifoliata Blume; Bijdr. 134 (1826)
= Glycosmis trifoliata var. angustifolia Kurz; J. Bot. 14: 37 (1876)
species :
Glycosmis xizangensis (C.Y.Wu & H.Li) D.D.Tao; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 32(4): 369 (1994)
Distribution: SE-Tibet
36 TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Glycosmis medogensis D.D.Tao ex P.H.Huang; Fl. Xizangica 3: 30-32, f. 11 (1986), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Glycosmis motuoensis D.D.Tao; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 6(3): 286, f. 2 (1984) , nom. illeg. superfl.
= Walsura xizangensis C.Y.Wu & H.Li; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(1): 110-111, f. 1: 1-8 (1980)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World


Version 24.10 (October 9th, 2024)

Covering 355,419 accepted species,
8,711 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,150 synonyms,
in total 1,412,143* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]


With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life