491.0000 Family Gentianaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 141 (1789), nom. cons.

95 genera, ca. 1850 spp.

Species listed in database: 1858; hybrids: 23

491.0511 Genus Gentiana Tourn. ex L.; Sp. Pl. 1: 227 (1753)

Distribution: Mostly Himalaya (about 250 spp.), Indochina, temp. Asia, Europe, Africa (Morocco), few E-Australia, Central and South America. The taxonomic status (level) of many species, especially in the Himalayas in ser. Chondrophyllae, is highly disputed. We follow mostly the system of Halda (1995) using many infraspecific taxa.

Species listed in database: 345; hybrids: 11

= Aloitis Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 21 (1837)

= Asterias Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 25 (1796)

= Bilamista Raf.; New Fl. Am. 4: 92 (1836)

= Calathiana Delarbre; Fl. Auv. ed. II. 1: 28 (1800)

= Chaelothilus Neck.; Elem. Bot. 2: 14 (1790), opus utique oppr.

= Chiophila Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 23 (1837)

= Chondrophylla A.Nelson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 31: 245 (1904)

= Ciminalis Adans.; Fam. 2: 504 (1763)

= Coilantha Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 25 (1796)

= Cruciata Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 36 (1782), opus utique oppr.

= Cuttera Raf.; Med. Repos. N. York 5: 352 (1808)

= Dasistepha Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 19 (1837)

= Dasystephana Adans.; Fam. 2: 502 (1763)

= Dicardiotis Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 31 (1837)

= Diploma Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 19 (1837)

= Endotriche Steud.; Nom. ed. I. 298 (1821)

= Ericala Reneaulme ex Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 335 (1821 publ. 1822), orth. var.

= Ericoila Reneaulme ex Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 23 (1796), nom. superfl.

= Erithalia Bunge ex Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 1: 671 (1840)

= Favargera Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 256 (1972)

= Gaertneria Neck.; Elem. Bot. 2: 15 (1790), opus utique oppr.

= Gentianodes Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125: 256 (1972)

= Gentianusa Pohl; Tentamen Fl. Bohemiae 1: 167, 248 (1810)

= Hippion F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boem. 2: 18 (1796), et in Roem. Arch. 1: I. 9. t. 2 ad 5 (1796)

= Holubia Á.Löve & D.Löve; An. Inst. Bot. A. J. Cavanilles 32(2): 226 (1975), non Holubia Oliv.

= Holubogentia Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 131(3): 385 (1978)(nom. nov.)

= Kudoa Masam.; J. Soc. Trop. Agric., Taiwan 2: 29 (1930)

= Kuepferella M.Laínz; Bol. Inst. Estud. Astur., Supl. Cienc., 22(Aport. Conoc. Fl. Cantabro -Astur,xi.): 32 (1976)

= Kurramiana Omer & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 24: 101 (1992)

= Lexipyretum Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 449 (1867)

= Pneumonanthe Gleditsch; Mem. Acad. Berl. 5: 130 (1749 publ. 1751)

= Psalina Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 25 (1837)

= Qaisera Omer; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 111(2): 206 (1989)

= Rassia Neck.; Elem. Bot. 2: 12 (1790), opus utique oppr.

= Ricoila Reneaulme ex Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 23 (1837)

= Sebeokia Neck.; Elem. Bot. 2: 13 (1790), opus utique oppr.

= Selatium D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 196 (1837)

= Spiragyne Neck.; Elem. Bot. 2: 14 (1790), opus utique oppr.

= Thylacitis Renealm. ex Adans.; Fam. 2: 504, 539 (1763)

= Thyrophora Neck.; Elem. Bot. 2: 13 (1790), opus utique oppr.

= Tretorhiza Adans.; Fam. 2: 503 (1763)

= Varasia Phil.; Fl. Atac. 35. t. 5 (1860)

= Xolemia Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)

species :

Gentiana acaulis L.; Sp. Pl. 228 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. acaulis

Name: Koch-Enzian, Kiesel-Glocken-Enzian (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Niedersachsen [I]); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Spain (mountains); Andorra; France; N-Italy; Slovenia; Romania; Bulgaria; NW-Ukraine

11 AUT CZE GER LIE POL SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 BUL ITA ROM SLV 14 UKR

Remarks: Sect. Ciminalis

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis acaulis (L.) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 26 (1796)

= Ciminalis grandiflora Mayrh.; F. von P. von Schrank, Fl. Monac. 1: t. 37 (1811)

= Ciminalis longiflora Moench; Meth. 514 (1794), nom. illeg.

= Ericoila acaulis (L.) Á.Löve & D.Löve

= Gentiana acaulis f. alba Redzic; Glasn. Zem. Muz. Bosne Herceg. Prir. Nauke 27: 87 (1988)

= Gentiana acaulis subsp. excisa (Schleich.) Ces.; Car. Catt., 306 (1844)

= Gentiana acaulis subsp. kochiana (E.P.Perrier & Songeon) Vollm.; 597 (1914)

= Gentiana acaulis var. caulescens (Lam.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 252 (1809)

= Gentiana acaulis var. kochiana (E.P.Perrier & Songeon) Bolzon; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1904: 31 (1904)

= Gentiana acaulis var. latifolia Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France Corse 2: 492 (1850)

= Gentiana acaulis var. minor (Nègre) Kerguélen; Lejeunia, n. s., 120: 104 (1987)

= Gentiana acaulis var. vulgaris Neilr.; Fl. Wien, Nachtr.: 190 (1851)

= Gentiana angustifolia Rchb.; (1855) non Vill.

= Gentiana campanata (Clairv.); Man. Herb. 74 (1811), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana excisa C.Presl; Flora 11: 268 (1828)

= Gentiana excisa var. minor W.D.J.Koch; 488 (1837)

= Gentiana excisa var. straminea Schur; 88 (1852), nom. inval.

= Gentiana grandiflora f. elongata Lebert; 19 (1834)

= Gentiana grandiflora f. media Lebert; 19 (1834)

= Gentiana grandiflora Lam.; Fl. Franç. 2: 296 (1779), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana grandiflora Lebert; 19 (1834), nom. illeg., pro parte

= Gentiana kochiana E.P.Perrier & Songeon; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Savoie 1853: 180 (1854)

= Gentiana kochiana var. minor (W.D.J.Koch) Nègre; Candollea 30(2): 307 (1975)

= Gentiana latifolia (Gren. & Godr.) Jakow.; Sitzungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl., Abt. 1, 108: 309 (1899)

= Gentiana vulgaris (Neilr.) Beck; Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 2: 129 (1887)

= Gentianusa acaulis (L.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 252 (1809)

= Hippion alpinum F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 10 (1796)

= Lexipyretum acaule (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 451 (1867)

= Pneumonanthe acaulis (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)

= Pneumonanthe grandiflora Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 335 (1821 publ. 1822)

= Thylacitis grandiflora (Lam.) Delarbre; Fl. Auv. ed. II. 26 (1800)

subspecies :

subsp. dinarica (Beck) Barina; Phytotaxa 378(1): 323 (2018)

Distribution: C-Italy; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; N-Albania

13 ALB BIH CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA SRB

Remarks: Sect. Ciminalis

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis dinarica (Beck) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 171 (1973)

= Gentiana acaulis var. dinarica Beck; Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 2(Heft 2): 128, t. 4, fig. 10 (1887)

= Gentiana dinarica (Beck) Beck; Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien 2: 128 t. 4 fig. 10 (1887), et Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 38: 790 (1888)

species :

Gentiana affinis Griseb.; Gen. et Sp. Gent. 289 (1837)

Name: Pleated gentian

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Northern Territories, Saskatchewan); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

70 CDN 71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana affinis (Griseb.) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 149 (1906)

= Dasystephana bigelovii (Greene) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 149 (1906)

= Dasystephana forwoodii (A.Gray) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 149 (1906)

= Dasystephana interrupta (Greene) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 149 (1906)

= Dasystephana oregana (Engelm. ex A.Gray) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 464 (1913)

= Dasystephana oxyloba Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 153 (1911)

= Dasystephana rusbyi (Greene ex Kusn.) Wooton & Standl.; Contrib. US. Nat. Herb. 16: 159 (1913)

= Gentiana affinis subsp. rusbyi (Greene ex Kusn.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 18 (1995)

= Gentiana affinis var. bigelowii (A.Gray) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24(Bot.) 56 (1894)

= Gentiana affinis var. brachycalyx A.Gray; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14: 74 (1863)

= Gentiana affinis var. forwoodii (A.Gray) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24(Bot.) 56 (1894)

= Gentiana affinis var. major A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.; Bot. Gaz. 55: 376 (1913)

= Gentiana affinis var. ovata A.Gray; Bot. California [W. H. Brewer] 1: 483 (1876)

= Gentiana affinis var. parvidentata Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24(Bot.): 55 (1894)

= Gentiana bigelovii A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 86 (1883)

= Gentiana forwoodii A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 86 (1883)

= Gentiana interrupta Greene; Pittonia 4: 182 (1900)

= Gentiana oregana Engelm. ex A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Am. 2: I. 122 (1878)

= Gentiana rusbyi Greene ex Kusn.; Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 54 (1894)

= Pneumonanthe affinis (Griseb.) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)

= Pneumonanthe bigelovii (A.Gray) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)

= Pneumonanthe forwoodii (A.Gray) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)

= Pneumonanthe interrupta (Greene) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)

= Pneumonanthe oregana (Engelm. ex A.Gray) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)

= Pneumonanthe rusbyi (Greene ex Kusn.) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)

species :

Gentiana alba Muhl. ex J.McNab; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 19: 61 (1835)

Name: Plain gentian

Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, Ontario); USA (Arkansas, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, West Virginia)

71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana flavida (A.Gray) Britton; Britton & Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S., ed. 2, 3: 12 (1913)

= Gentiana alba f. andrewsii Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 11: 265 (1929)

= Gentiana alba Muhl.; Cat. ed. II. 29 (1813), nomen

= Gentiana flavida A.Gray; Am. J. Sci., ser. II. 1: 80 (1846)

= Pneumonanthe flavida (A.Gray) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)

species :

Gentiana albescens (Franch.) Franch. ex Kusn.; Etud. Monog. Eugentiana: 266 (1894)

Distribution: China (N-Yunnan); India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand)

36 CHI 40 IND

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae. The name is valid fide Qi Chen et al. 2024

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana albomarginata C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 175 (1937), nom. nov. superfl.

= Gentiana albomarginata subsp. scytophylla (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 35 (1995)

= Gentiana argentea subsp. albescens (Franch.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 35 (1995)

= Gentiana argentea var. albescens Franch.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 124 (1890)

= Gentiana scytophylla T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 39 (1984)

species :

Gentiana albicalyx Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 314 (1906)

subspecies :

subsp. albicalyx

Distribution: S-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Chumbi)

36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis capitata var. strobiliformis (C.B.Clarke) Omer; Edinburgh J. Bot. 50(1): 73 (1993)

= Gentiana capitata var. strobiliformis C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 113 (1883)

subspecies :

subsp. globosa (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 35 (1995)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana globosa T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 40 (1984)

species :

Gentiana algida Pall.; Fl. Ross. 1(2): 107. t. 95 (1789)

Name: Whitish gentian (EN)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Xinjiang); Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; Japan (Honshu); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim); Alaska; Canada (Yukon); USA (Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming)

30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 JAP NKO 40 BHU IND NEP 70 ASK CDN 73 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Remarks: Sect. Frigidae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis algida (Pall.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Rostl. 1: Gentian. 10 (1823)

= Dasystephana algida (Pall.) Borkh.; Roem. Archiv 1: t. 26 (1796)

= Dasystephana romanzovii (Ledeb. ex Bunge) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 148 (1906)

= Gentiana algida f. igarashii (Miyabe & Kudô ex Nishida) Toyok.; J. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ., ser. 5, Bot. 7: 228 (1963)

= Gentiana algida var. igarashii Miyabe & Kudô ex Nishida; Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 7: 164 (1920)

= Gentiana algida var. romanzovii (Bunge) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24(Bot.) 119 (1894)

= Gentiana algida var. sibirica Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24: 114 (1894)

= Gentiana crandallii Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 60 (1918)

= Gentiana frigida var. algida (Pall.) Froel.; Gen. Diss. 39 (1796)

= Gentiana frigida var. romanzovii (Bunge) Ledeb.; (1847)

= Gentiana igarashii (Miyabe & Kudô ex Nishida) Miyabe & Kudô; Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 8: 5 (1921)

= Gentiana romanzovii f. hexaloba A.Roach; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 50: 510 (1953)

= Gentiana romanzovii Ledeb. ex Bunge; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 1: 215 (1829)

= Gentianodes algida (Pall.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 256 (1972)

= Pneumonanthe algida (Pall.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)

variant :

var. purdomii (Marquand) T.N.Ho; A Worldwide Monograph of Gentiana: 223 (2001)

Distribution: China (SW-Gansu, Qinghai, NW-Sichuan); NE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana purdomii C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 55 (1928)

species :

Gentiana alii (Omer & Qaiser) T.N.Ho; A Worldwide Monograph of Gentiana: 393 (2001)

Distribution: Pakistan; India (Jammu & Kashmir)

40 IND PAK

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana argentea subsp. alii (Omer & Qaiser) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 36 (1995)

= Gentianodes alii Omer & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 6 (1988)

species :

Gentiana alpina Vill.; Prosp. Pl. Dauph. 22 (1779)

Name: Alpen-Enzian

Distribution: Switzerland; Spain (Pyrenees, Sa. Nevada); Andorra; France (Pyrenees, Alps); Italy (Alps)

11 SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ITA

Remarks: Sect. Ciminalis

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis alpina (Vill.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 171 (1973)

= Ericoila alpina (Vill.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)

= Gentiana acaulis subsp. alpina (Vill.) H.Marcailhou & A.Marcailhou; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 18: 31 (1908)

= Gentiana acaulis subsp. alpina (Vill.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. 14: 90 (1983)

= Gentiana acaulis var. alpina (Vill.) Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 296 (1839)

= Gentiana acaulis var. parviflora Gren. & Godr.; (1850)

= Gentiana acaulis var. transiens (Nègre) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 90 (1983)

= Gentiana alpina var. transiens Nègre; Candollea 30(2): 303 (1975)

= Gentiana clusii subsp. alpina (Vill.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 269 (1908), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana excisa Braune; (1831) (non C. Presl 1828)

= Gentiana excisa subsp. alpina (Vill.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 498 (1881), nom. illeg.

species :

Gentiana alsinoides Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 31: 374 (1884)

subspecies :

subsp. alsinoides

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Varasia alsinoides (Franch.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

subspecies :

subsp. scabrifilamenta (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 37 (1995)

Distribution: SE-Tibet

36 TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana scabrifilamenta T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 42 (1984)

species :

Gentiana altigena Harry Sm.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. 63: 99 (1926)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Sikkim)

36 CHI TIB 40 IND

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

species :

Gentiana altorum Harry Sm. ex C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 129 (1937)

subspecies :

subsp. altorum

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, S-Qinghai); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana veitchiorum var. altorum (Harry Sm.) Marquand; (1937)

subspecies :

subsp. purpurea Halda & Jurásek; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 19(3-4): 69 (2012)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Gentiana amplicrater Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 312 (1906)

Distribution: SE-Tibet; N-India (Sikkim)

36 TIB 40 IND

Remarks: Sect. Isomeria

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentianodes amplicrater (Burkill) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 256 (1972)

species :

Gentiana andrewsii Griseb.; Gen. et Sp. Gent. 287 (1837)

Name: Closed bottle gentian

Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, Ontario, Québec); USA (Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)

71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Cuttera catesbei Raf.; Amer. Monthly Mag. & Crit. Rev. 1: 176 (1818)

= Dasystephana andrewsii (Griseb.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 930 (1903)

= Dasystephana andrewsii f. albiflora (Britton) Moldenke; Observed Fl. Warren, Suppl. 1 1: 15 (1944)

= Gentiana alba var. pauciflora Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 11: 265 (1929)

= Gentiana andrewsii f. albiflora Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 17: 125 (1890)

= Gentiana andrewsii f. rhodantha Rouleau & Kucyn.; Naturaliste Canad. 71: 270 (1944)

= Gentiana andrewsii var. albiflora A.Gray ex House; Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist. 243-244: 18 (1923)

= Gentiana andrewsii var. linearis Griseb.; Fl. Bor. Amer. (Hook.) 2: 56 (1837)

= Gentiana catesbaei Andrews; Bot. Repos. 6: t. 418 (1805), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana clausa f. albiflora (Britton) House; Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist. 243-244: 18 (1923)

= Pneumonanthe andrewsii (Griseb.) W.A.Weber; Phytologia 33(2): 105 (1976)

variant :

var. dakotica A.Nelson; Bot. Gaz. 56: 68 (1913)

Name: Dakota gentian

Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, Saskatchewan); USA (Iowa, Illinois, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, South Dakota)

71 CDN 74 USA 75 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana andrewsii var. dakotica (A.Nelson) Nieuwl. & Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 508 (1916)

species :

Gentiana angustifolia Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauph. 2: 526 (1787)

subspecies :

subsp. angustifolia

Name: Schmalblättriger Enzian

Distribution: Switzerland; N-Spain (SW-Alps, Jura, Pyrenees, Cordillera Cantabrica); SE-France; SW-France; NW-Italy

11 SWI 12 FRA SPA 13 ITA

Remarks: Sect. Ciminalis

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis angustifolia (Vill.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 171 (1973)

= Ericoila angustifolia (Vill.) Laínz; Bol. Inst. Estud. Astur., Supl. Cienc., No. 10 (Aport. Conoc. Fl. Cantabro-Astur 8: 33) 203 (1964)

= Eyrythalia angustifolia D.Don; Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. III. 471 (1839)

= Gentiana acaulis subsp. angustifolia (Vill.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 498 (1881)

= Gentiana acaulis subsp. angustifolia (Vill.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. 14: 90 (1983)

= Gentiana acaulis var. angustifolia (Vill.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 279 (1828), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana acaulis var. angustifolia (Vill.) Roth; Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 799 (1827)

= Gentiana acaulis var. caulescens (Lam.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 279 (1828)

= Gentiana acaulis var. media Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France Corse 2: 492 (1850)

= Gentiana caulescens Lam.; Encycl. 2: 638 (1788)

= Gentiana excisa subsp. angustifolia (Vill.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 259 (1908), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana sabauda Boiss. & Reut. ex Rchb.; Ic. Fl. Germ. 17: 101. t. 1200 (1855)

= Pneumonanthe angustifolia (Vill.) F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 10 (1796)

= Thylacitis angustifolia (Vill.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 17: 119 (1869)

subspecies :

subsp. corbariensis (Braun-Blanq.) Renob.; Acta Bot. Malac. 29: 295 (2004)

Distribution: N-Spain (Pyrenees, Cordillera Cantabrica); France

12 FRA SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis angustifolia subsp. occidentalis (Jakow.) M.Laínz; Bol. Inst. Estud. Astur., Supl. Cienc., 22 (Aport. Conoc. Fl. Cantabro -Astur,xi.): 30(1976)

= Ciminalis occidentalis (Jakow.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 171 (1973)

= Gentiana angustifolia subsp. occidentalis (Jakow.) M.Laínz; Bol. Inst. Estud. Asturianos, Supl. Ci. 3: 175 (1962)

= Gentiana clusii subsp. corbariensis Braun-Blanq.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 84(9-10): 671 (1938)

= Gentiana occidentalis Jakow.; Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien 108(1): 342 (1899)

= Gentiana occidentalis subsp. corbariensis (Braun-Blanq.) J.Magnin; Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat., et in Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat. 82(1): 31 (1992) 82(2): 187 (1992)

= Gentiana occidentalis var. aragonensis Nègre; Candollea 30(2): 306 (1975)

species :

Gentiana anisostemon C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 88 (1931)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana aperta Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Petersb. 27: 500 (1881)

Distribution: China (NE-Qinghai, NW-Gansu); NW-India (Ladakh)

36 CHI 40 IND

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana aperta var. aureopunctata T.N.Ho & J.H.Li; Acta Biol. Plateau Sin. 3: 34 (1984)

= Gentiana maximowiczii Kanitz; Növényt. Gyujtesek Eredm. Grof Szechenyi Bela Keletazsiai Utjabol: 39 (1891)

= Varasia aperta (Maxim.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana apiata N.E.Br.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1914: 187 (1914)

Distribution: China (S-Shaanxi)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Frigidae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana tsinlingensis H.Limpr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 12: 465 (1922)

species :

Gentiana aquatica L.; Sp. Pl. 229 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. aquatica

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (NE-Anatolia); Iran (W-Iran); Afghanistan (Wakhan, Bamyan, Ghazni, Ghorat, Wardak, Parwan); W-Tibet; Mongolia; Japan; Pakistan (Kurram, Baltistan, Gilgit); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Leh, Ladakh)

30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN TUR 36 TIB 37 MON 38 JAP 40 IND PAK

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Chondrophylla aquatica (L.) W.A.Weber; Phytologia 58(6): 383 (1985)

= Ciminalis aquatica (L.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 70(7): 921 (1985)

= Ericala aquatica (L.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 192 (1837)

= Ericoila aquatica (L.) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 27 (1796)

= Ericoila humilis (Steven) Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Gentian.): 16 (1824)

= Gentiana humilis Steven; Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 3: 258 (1812)

= Gentiana humilis var. albescens Cockerell; W. Amer. Sci. 6: 11 (1889)

= Gentiana humilis var. caerulea Cockerell; W. Amer. Sci. 6: 11 (1889)

= Gentiana kirishima-montana Honda; J. Jap. Bot. 24: 27 (1949)

= Gentiana prostrata Boiss.; Fl. Or. 4: 72 (1875)

= Gentiana pseudohumilis Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 18: 16 (1904)

= Hippion aquaticum (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)

= Varasia aquatica (L.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz.(Prague), 148(34): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

variant :

var. baltistanica (Omer) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov. Sect. Not. 3(1): 39 (1995)

Distribution: NE-Pakistan (Baltistan)

40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis baltistanica Omer; Edinburgh J. Bot. 50(1): 71 (1993)

variant :

var. bomiensis (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 40 (1995)

Distribution: SE-Tibet

36 TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana bomiensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 43 (1984)

variant :

var. karelinii C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 110 (1883)

Distribution: Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, Leh, Ladakh)

40 BHU IND

variant :

var. pseudoaquatica (Kusn.) S.Agrawal; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 5(2): 437 (1984)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Chita, W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Magadan); China (Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi); Tibet; Mongolia; South Korea; N-Pakistan (Baltistan, Kurram, Chitral, Hunza, Swat); Nepal; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Ladakh, Leh)

30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 KOR 40 IND NEP PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis pseudoaquatica (Kusn.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 70(7): 921 (1985)

= Gentiana burkillii Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. 11: 953 (1936)

= Gentiana intermedia Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 313 (1906)

= Gentiana pseudoaquatica Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 63 (1893), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 246 (1894)

= Gentiana pseudoaquatica var. albiflora Q.Zhu; Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 31(10): 2129 (2011)

= Gentiana pseudohumilis Burkill; J. Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 2: 313 (1906), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana szeewaldiana Prodan; Bul. Grad. Bot. Univ. Cluj 6: 113 (1926 publ. 1927)

= Gentianodes burkillii (Harry Sm.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 9 (1988)

= Varasia pseudoaquatica (Kusn.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

subspecies :

subsp. laeviuscula (Ohwi) Ohwi; Fl. Jap. rev. ed. 1438 (1975)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu)

38 JAP

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana aquatica var. laeviuscula (Ohwi) Ohwi; Fl. Jap., rev. ed.: 1438 (1975)

= Gentiana laeviuscula (Ohwi) Toyok.; J. Jap. Bot. 36: 241 (1961)

= Gentiana pseudohumilis var. laeviuscula Ohwi; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33: 83 (1953)

species :

Gentiana arenicola Kerr; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1940: 181 (1940)

Distribution: NE-Thailand

41 THA

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana arethusae Burkill; J. Proc. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 309 (1906)

Distribution: China (E-Sichuan, S-Shaanxi)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

variant :

var. delicatula C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 81 (1931)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana arethusae subsp. delicatula (C.Marquand) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 26 (1995)

= Gentiana arethusae var. rotundatolobata C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 82 (1931)

= Gentiana heptaphylla Balf.f. & Forrest; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 4: 72 (1907)

= Gentiana heptaphylla var. mixta Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 975 (1936)

= Gentiana heptaphylla var. pentaphylla Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 974 (1936)

= Gentiana subocculta C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 81 (1931)

= Gentianodes subocculta (C.Marquand) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125: 257 (1972)

species :

Gentiana argentea (Royle ex D.Don) Royle ex D.Don; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 513 (1837)

Distribution: NW-Tibet; Pakistan (Chitral, Swat, Hazara, Murree, Nanga Parbat); Nepal; NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Poonch)

36 TIB 40 IND NEP PAK

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ericoila argentea Royle ex D.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 192 (1837)

= Gentianodes argentea (Royle ex D.Don) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 6 (1988)

= Varasia argentea (Royle ex D.Don) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana arisanensis Hayata; Ic. Pl. Formos. 6: Suppl. (Gen. Ind. Fl. Formos.) 48 (1917)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana caespitosa Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 25: Art. 19, 165 (1908) nec M. Martens & Galeotti (1844)

species :

Gentiana aristata Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Petersb. 26: 497 (1880)

subspecies :

subsp. aristata

Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan); Tibet; Nepal

36 CHI TIB 40 NEP

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Varasia aristata (Maxim.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

subspecies :

subsp. asparagoides (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 43 (1995)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana asparagoides T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 26 (1984)

species :

Gentiana arunii D.Maity, S.K.Dey, J.Ghosh & Midday; Edinburgh J. Bot. 75(1): 118 (2017)

Distribution: India (Sikkim)

40 IND

species :

Gentiana asclepiadea L.; Sp. Pl. 227 (1753)

Name: Schwalbenwurz-Enzian (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Niedersachsen [I], Nordrhein-Westfalen [I], Sachsen [I], Thüringen [I]); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Corsica; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; ?Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (mountains of N-Greece, south to Mt. Pelion, Mt. Timfristos); NW-European Russia; Ukraine; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran)

11 AUT CZE GER HUN LIE POL SLO SWI 12 COR FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS NMA ROM SLV SRB TUE 14 RUS UKR 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Coilantha asclepiadea (L.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 186 (1837)

= Dasistepha asclepiadea (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 19 (1837)

= Dasystephana asclepiadea (L.) Borkh.; Roem. Archiv 1: t. 26 (1796)

= Dasystephana schistocalyx (K.Koch) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Gentiana asclepiadea f. albiflora Murray ex Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 5: (1999 publ. 1927)

= Gentiana asclepiadea f. albiflora R.Uechtr.; 183 (1878), nom. inval.

= Gentiana asclepiadea f. angustifolia Lebert; 36 (1834)

= Gentiana asclepiadea f. cruciata Wartm. & Schlatter; Ber. St. Gall. Nat. Ges.: 266 (1882)

= Gentiana asclepiadea f. pectinata Wartm. & Schlatter; Ber. St. Gall. Nat. Ges.: 266 (1882)

= Gentiana asclepiadea f. schistocalyx (K.Koch) Bolzon; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 21: 195 (1914)

= Gentiana asclepiadea subsp. elata Schübl. & G.Martens; 139 (1834)

= Gentiana asclepiadea subsp. schistocalyx (K.Koch) Zakharova; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 95(1): 97 (1990)

= Gentiana asclepiadea var. albiflora Brügger; Naturgesch. Beitr. Umg. Chur [Fl. Curiensis] 73 (1874), nom. inval.

= Gentiana asclepiadea var. cruciata (Wartm. & Schlatter) Vollm.; 597 (1914)

= Gentiana asclepiadea var. macrocalyx Sommier & H.Lév.; (1900)

= Gentiana asclepiadea var. pectinata (Wartm. & Schlatter) Vollm.; 597 (1914)

= Gentiana asclepiadea var. plicata (F.W.Schmidt) Roth; Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 797 (1827)

= Gentiana asclepiadea var. schistocalyx (K.Koch) Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza 3: 229 (1932)

= Gentiana ramiflora E.Szabó; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 44: 474 (1894)

= Gentiana schistocalyx (K.Koch) K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 585 (1850)

= Gentianusa asclepiadea (L.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 250 (1809)

= Pneumonanthe asclepiadea (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)

= Pneumonanthe plicata F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10, 13 (1796)

species :

Gentiana asterocalyx Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 220 (1912)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana atlantica Litard. & Maire; Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc, No. 6: 15 (1924)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana atuntsiensis W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8: 121 (1913)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan, SW-Sichuan); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Frigidae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana trichotoma var. brevicaulis C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 82 (1931)

species :

Gentiana austromontana J.S.Pringle & Sharp; Rhodora 66: 402 (1964)

Name: Appalachian gentian

Distribution: USA (North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia)

75 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

species :

Gentiana autumnalis L.; Cat. Edwards´ Nat. Hist. 11 (1776)

Name: Pine barren gentian

Distribution: USA (Delaware, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, New Jersey, South Carolina, Virginia); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Zacatecas)

75 USA 78 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana porphyrio (J.F.Gmel.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 931 (1903)

= Diploma angustifolia (Michx.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 19 (1837)

= Ericala angustifolia (Michx.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 190 (1837)

= Gentiana angustifolia Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. (Michx.) 1: 177 (1803) (non Vill. 1787)

= Gentiana angustifolia var. nana J.McNab; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 19: 62 (1835)

= Gentiana autumnalis f. albescens Fernald; Rhodora 52: 70 (1950)

= Gentiana autumnalis f. albocaerulea Fernald; Rhodora 52: 69 (1950)

= Gentiana autumnalis f. porphyrio (J.F.Gmel.) Fernald; Rhodora 52: 70 (1950)

= Gentiana porphyrio f. albescens Fernald; Rhodora 44: 152 (1942)

= Gentiana porphyrio f. albocaerulea Fernald; Rhodora 44: 152 (1942)

= Gentiana porphyrio f. stoneana (Fernald) Fernald; Rhodora 44: 152 (1942)

= Gentiana porphyrio J.F.Gmel.; Syst. 462 (1792)

= Gentiana purpurea Walter; Fl. Carol. 109 (1788) (non L. 1753)

= Gentiana stoneana Fernald; Rhodora 41: 555 (1939)

= Hippion porphyrio (J.F.Gmel.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 11 (1796)

= Pneumonanthe porphyrio (J.F.Gmel.) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)

species :

Gentiana baeuerlenii L.G.Adams; Telopea 3(2): 169 (1988)

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales: Monaro region)

50 AUS

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana bambuseti T.Y.Hsieh, T.C.Hsu, S.M.Ku & C.I Peng; Bot. Stud. (Taipei) 48: 349 (2007)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

species :

Gentiana bavarica L.; Sp. Pl. 229 (1753)

Name: Bayerischer Enzian (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; France; Italy; ?Slovenia

11 AUT GER LIE SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA

Remarks: Sect. Calathianae

Synonyms: hidden

= Calathiana bavarica (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 169 (1973)

= Calathiana bavarica subsp. subacaulis (Schleich. ex Gaudin) Holub; Preslia 70(2): 100 (1998)

= Ericala bavarica (L.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 336 (1821)

= Ericoila bavarica (L.) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 27 (1796)

= Ericoila imbricata (Froel.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Rostl. 1: Gentian. 15 (1823)

= Gentiana bavarica f. elongata Lebert; 24 (1834)

= Gentiana bavarica f. media Lebert; 24 (1834)

= Gentiana bavarica f. pygmaea Lebert; 24 (1834)

= Gentiana bavarica f. rotundifolia (Hausm.) Bolzon; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 21: 196 (1914)

= Gentiana bavarica subsp. subacaulis (Wahlenb.) G.K.Müller; Feddes Repert. 93: 658 (1982)

= Gentiana bavarica var. alpestris Braun-Blanq.; 34 (1922)

= Gentiana bavarica var. imbricata (Schleich. ex DC.) Schleich. ex Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 265 (1838)

= Gentiana bavarica var. imbricata Schleich. ex W.D.J.Koch; 489 (1837)

= Gentiana bavarica var. intermedia (E.Steiger) Hegi; 2022 (1927)

= Gentiana bavarica var. rotundifolia (Hoppe) W.D.J.Koch; 355 (1843)

= Gentiana bavarica var. rotundifolia Hausm.; Fl. Tyrol: 591 (1854)

= Gentiana bavarica var. rotundifolia W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv.: 563 (1838)

= Gentiana bavarica var. subacaulis (Wahlenb.) Schleich.; Cat. Pl. Helv. ed. 4: 18 (1821)

= Gentiana imbricata Froel.; Gent. Diss. 74 (1796)

= Gentiana imbricata Schleich. ex DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç., éd. 3 6: 427 (1815)

= Gentiana prostrata var. subacaulis Wahlenb.; Veg. Clim. Helv. Sept.: 48 (1813)

= Gentiana prostrata Wahlenb.; Veg. Clim. Helv. Sept.: 47 (1813), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana rotundifolia Hoppe ex Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 265 (1838), pro syn.

= Gentiana serpillifolia var. aestiva (F.W.Schmidt) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 254 (1809)

= Gentiana serpyllifolia Lam.; Encyc. 640 (1788)

= Gentianusa serpyllifolia (Lam.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 254 (1809)

= Gonipia rotundifolia (Hoppe) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 24 (1837)

= Hippion bavaricum (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boëm. 2: 21 (1793 publ. 1794)

= Ricoila bavarica (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 23 (1837)

= Xolemia rotundifolia (Hoppe ex Griseb.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)

species :

Gentiana beamanii J.S.Pringle; Sida 8(1): 21 (1979)

Distribution: Guatemala

80 GUA

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana bella Franch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 124 (1890)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); N-Myanmar

36 CHI 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana bella f. simplex Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz., Symb. Sin. 7: 961 (1936)

species :

Gentiana betongensis J.Wai; Phytotaxa 633(1): 62 (2024)

Distribution: Thailand

41 THA

species :

Gentiana bicentenaria A.Estrada & A.Rojas; Phytoneuron 2021-60: 1 (2021)

Distribution: Costa Rica

80 COS

species :

Gentiana bicuspidata (G.Don) Briq.; Candollea 4: 324 (1931)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz)

79 MEX

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana adsurgens Cerv. ex Griseb.; Hook., Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 57 (1837)

= Gentiana adsurgens var. uniflora Kusn.; Trudy S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Otd. Bot. 24: 61 (1894)

= Gentiana angusta M.E.Jones; Contrib. Western Bot. 12: 52 (1908)

= Pneumonanthe bicuspidata G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 194 (1837)

species :

Gentiana boissieri Schott & Kotschy ex Boiss.; Fl. 4: 75 (1875)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana boissieri (Schott & Kotschy) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana bokorensis Hul; Adansonia, sér. 3, 21(2): 246 (1999)

Distribution: Cambodia

41 CBD

species :

Gentiana bolavenensis Nagah., Tagane & Soulad.; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 47(2): 133 (2019)

Distribution: Laos

41 LAO

species :

Gentiana borneensis Hook.f.; Ic. Pl. t. 1440 B. (1883)

subspecies :

subsp. borneensis

Distribution: Borneo

42 BOR

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

subspecies :

subsp. apoensis (Merr.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 45 (1995)

Distribution: Philippines (Mt. Apo)

42 PHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana apoensis Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 1(Suppl.): 223 (1906)

subspecies :

subsp. malayana (Ridl.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 45 (1995)

Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Pahang)

42 MLY

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana malayana Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 38: 316 (1908)

species :

Gentiana boryi Boiss.; Biblioth. Univ. Genéve ser. 2, 13: 410 (1938)

Distribution: Spain (Cordillera Cantábrica, Sierra de Gredos, Sa. Nevada)

12 SPA

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ericoila boryi (Boiss.) Laínz; Bol. Inst. Estud. Astur., Supl. Cienc., No. 10 (Aport. Conoc. Fl. Cantabro-Astur 8: 33) 203 (1964)

= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. boryi (Boiss.) Webb; Iter Hispan.: 28 (1838)

= Holubia boryi (Boiss.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; An. Inst. Bot. A. J. Cavanilles 32(2): 226 (1975), genus homonym

= Holubogentia boryi (Boiss.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 131(3): 385 (1978)

= Kuepferella boryi (Boiss.) M.Laínz; Bol. Inst. Estud. Astur., Supl. Cienc., 22(Aport. Conoc. Fl. Cantabro -Astur. 11): 32 (1976)

= Varasia boryi (Boiss.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana brachyphylla Vill.; Prosp. Pl. Dauph. 23 (1779)

Name: Kurzblättriger Enzian (DE)

Distribution: Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; France; Italy

11 AUT LIE SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA

Remarks: Sect. Calathianae

Synonyms: hidden

= Calathiana brachyphylla (Vill.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 169 (1973)

= Gentiana brachyphylla var. acaulis Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 283 (1828)

= Gentiana dimorphoclada Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, sér. 2, 22: 454 (1930 publ. 1931)

= Gentiana verna f. pygmaea Lebert; 23 (1834)

= Gentiana verna proles brachyphylla (Vill.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 265 (1908)

= Gentiana verna subsp. brachyphylla (Vill.) Arcang.; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 473 (1882)

= Gentiana verna subsp. brachyphylla (Vill.) Ces.; A. Cattaneo, Not. Nat. Civ. Lombardia 1: ? (1844)

= Gentiana verna subsp. brachyphylla (Vill.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 858 (1938)

= Gentiana verna var. brachyphylla (Vill.) Bolzon; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 21: 196 (1914)

= Gentiana verna var. brachyphylla (Vill.) Moritzi; 122 (1832)

species :

Gentiana bredboensis L.G.Adams; Telopea 3(2): 171 (1988)

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales: Jerangle area)

50 AUS

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana baeuerlenii subsp. bredboensis (L.G.Adams) Halda; Genus Gentiana: 160 (1996 publ. 1997)

species :

Gentiana brentae Prosser & Bertolli; Willdenowia 38(2): 424 (2008)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

species :

Gentiana bryoides Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 316 (1906)

Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, West Bengal, Chumbi)

36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana stylosa Biswas; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 34: t. 3358 (1938)

species :

Gentiana burseri Lapeyr.; Hist. Abr. Pyr. 132 (1813)

subspecies :

subsp. burseri

Distribution: NE-Spain (Pyrenees); Andorra; SW-France

12 ADO FRA SPA

Remarks: Sect. Lutea

Synonyms: hidden

= Coilantha burseri (Lapeyr.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Gentian.): 6 (1824)

= Gentiana punctata subsp. burseri (Lapeyr.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France: 214 (1894)

subspecies :

subsp. actinocalyx Polidori; Biocosme Mesogeen 25(1): 3 (2008)

Distribution: France; Italy

12 FRA 13 ITA

subspecies :

subsp. villarsii (Griseb.) Rouy; Fl. Fr. 10: 256 (1908)

Distribution: SE-France; NW-Italy (SW-Alps)

12 FRA 13 ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana biloba DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç., éd. 3 3: 653 (1805)

= Gentiana burseri var. biloba (DC.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 256 (1908)

= Gentiana burseri var. villarsii Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 116 (1845)

= Gentiana hybrida Vill.; Roem., Collecteana: 189 (1810), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana macrophylla Bertol.; Fl. Ital. 3: 79 (1837), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana punctata Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 2: 522 (1787), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana villarsii (Griseb.) Ronniger; Fl. France 10: 256 (1908)

species :

Gentiana cachemirica Decne.; Jacquem. Voy. Bot. 111, t. 117 (1844)

Distribution: Pakistan (Chitral, Swat, Hazara); Nepal; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Utta~akhand)

40 IND NEP PAK

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana cachemirica (Decne.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Gentiana loderi Hook.f.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 15: t. 1440 A (1883)

= Gentianodes cachemirica (Decne.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 16 (1988)

species :

Gentiana caelestis (C.Marquand) Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 972 (1936)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; NE-Myanmar

36 CHI TIB 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana ampla Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 974 (1936)

= Gentiana veitchiorum var. caelestis C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 84 (1931)

species :

Gentiana caeruleogrisea T.N.Ho; Bull. Bot. Res. North-East. Forest. Inst. 4(1): 77 (1984)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai); Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa

species :

Gentiana caliculata Lex.; La Llave & Lex. Nov. Veg. Desc. fasc. 1: 18 (1824)

Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos)

79 MEX

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Coilantha mocinoi D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 185 (1837)

= Gentiana salpinx Griseb.; Linnaea 22: 44 (1849)

species :

Gentiana calycosa Griseb.; Gen. et Sp. Gent. 292 (1837)

Name: Rainier pleated gentian

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana calycosa (Griseb.) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 464 (1913)

= Dasystephana calycosa var. xantha (A.Nelson) A.Nelson; Fl. Rocky Mts.: 663 (1917)

= Dasystephana monticola (Rydb.) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 464 (1913)

= Dasystephana obtusiloba Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 464 (1913)

= Gentiana calycosa f. alpina Herder; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 1: 460 (1872)

= Gentiana calycosa subsp. asepala Maguire; Madroño 6: 151 (1942)

= Gentiana calycosa var. asepala (Maguire) C.L.Hitchc.; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C. L. Hitchcock & al.] 4: 68 (1959)

= Gentiana calycosa var. monticola Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24: 252 (1897)

= Gentiana calycosa var. obtusiloba (Rydb.) C.L.Hitchc.; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C. L. Hitchcock & al.] 4: 68 (1959)

= Gentiana calycosa var. stricta Griseb.; Fl. Bor. Amer. (Hook.) 2: 58, tab. 146, fig. A (1837)

= Gentiana calycosa var. xantha A.Nelson; Bot. Gaz. 34: 26 (1902)

= Gentiana cusickii Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 60 (1918), in clavi

= Gentiana gormanii Howell; Fl. N. W. Amer. [Howell] 1: 446 (1901)

= Gentiana idahoensis Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 60 (1918), in clavi

= Gentiana myrsinites Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 60 (1918), in clavi

= Gentiana obtusiloba (Rydb.) Hultén; Lunds Univ. Arsskrift, n.f. Avd. 2 44: No. 1 (Fl. Alaska & Yukon, viii.) 1308 (1948)

= Gentiana saxicola English; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 47: 192 (1934) (non Griseb. 1838)

= Pneumonanthe calycosa (Griseb.) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)

species :

Gentiana capitata Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don; Prod. Fl. Nep. 126 (1825)

subspecies :

subsp. capitata

Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; Pakistan (Chitral, Murree, Skardu, Astor); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Chumbi); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Chin, Kachin, Magway); Java

36 TIB 40 BAN BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA 42 JAW

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis capitata (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) Omer; Edinburgh J. Bot. 50(1): 72 (1993)

= Ciminalis capitata var. andersonii (C.B.Clarke) Omer; Edinburgh J. Bot. 50(1): 73 (1993)

= Ericala capitata (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 193 (1837)

= Gentiana andersonii C.B.Clarke; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 436 (1875)

= Gentiana baconi Edgew.; London J. Bot. 4: 20 (1845)

= Gentiana capitata var. andersonii (C.B.Clarke) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 113 (1883)

= Gentiana cephalodes var. andersonii (C.B.Clarke) S.Agrawal & U.C.Bhattach.; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 3(3): 998 (1982 publ. 1983)

= Gentiana cephalotes Edgew.; Hook. Lond. J. Bot. 4: 637 (1845)

= Gentiana marginata Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 4391 (1831) (nomen)

= Varasia capitata (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

subspecies :

subsp. harwanensis (G.Singh) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 36 (1995)

Distribution: India (Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Sikkim)

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis harwanensis (G.Singh) Omer; Edinburgh J. Bot. 50(1): 67 (1993)

= Gentiana harwanensis G.Singh; Forest Fl. Srinagar: 126 (1976), et ex G. Singh & P. Kachroo, Forest Fl. Srinagar: 126 (1987)

subspecies :

subsp. hemkundiana M.Shabir & A.N.Shukla; Nelumbo 64(1): 8 (2022)

Distribution: India (Uttaranchal)

40 IND

species :

Gentiana carinata (D.Don ex G.Don) Griseb.; Gen. et Sp. Gent. 304 (1838)

Distribution: India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand); ?etc.

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Ericoila carinata D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)

= Eyrythalia carinata (D.Don ex G.Don) D.Don; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 516 (1837)

= Qaisera carinata (D.Don ex G.Don) Omer; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 111: 208 (1989)

species :

Gentiana carinicostata Wernham; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 9: 117 (1916)

subspecies :

subsp. carinicostata

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)

42 NWG

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana papuana P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot. 17: 405 (1964)

subspecies :

subsp. sclerophylla (P.Royen) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 46 (1995)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)

42 NWG

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana sclerophylla P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot., No. 17, 378 (1964)

species :

Gentiana catesbaei Walter; Fl. Carol. 109 (1788)

Name: Elliott´s gentian

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Virginia)

75 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Cuttera catesbaei (Walter) Raf.; Am. Monthly Mag. 176 (1818)

= Dasystephana parvifolia (Chapm.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 930 (1903)

= Gentiana catesbaei var. nummulariifolia Fernald; Rhodora 49: 175, tab. 1078, fig. 3 & 4 (1947)

= Gentiana elliottii Chapm.; Fl. S. U. St. 356 (1860) (non Raf. 1832)

= Gentiana elliottii var. parvifolia Chapm.; Fl. South. U. S. 356 (1860)

= Gentiana parvifolia (Chapm.) Britton; Man. Fl. N. US. Ed. 3, 733 (1907) (non Gilg 1896)

= Pneumonanthe catesbaei (Walter) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)

= Pneumonanthe parvifolia (Chapm.) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)

= Xolemia catesbaei (Walter) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)

= Xolemia trachiloma var. major Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)

species :

Gentiana cephalantha Franch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 125 (1890)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan); Myanmar (Kachin); Thailand; Vietnam

36 CHI 41 MYA THA VIE

Remarks: Sect. Monopodiae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana pseudocephalantha C.Marquand ex Wilkie; Gentians: 163 (1936)

= Gentiana rigescens var. violacea Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 976 (1936)

= Gentianodes cephalantha (Franch. ex Hemsl.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 256 (1972)

variant :

var. vaniotii (H.Lév.) T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 370 (1994)

Distribution: China (C-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana cephalantha subsp. vaniotii (H.Lév.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 27 (1995)

= Gentiana vaniotii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 182 (1913)

= Gentianodes vaniotii (H.Lév.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 258 (1972)

species :

Gentiana cephalodes Edgew.; London J. Bot. 4: 637 (1845)

Distribution: Nepal; India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand)

40 IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana chinensis Kusn.; Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 35: 250 (1894), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 133 (1894)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Isomeria

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentianodes chinensis (Kusn.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 256 (1972)

species :

Gentiana choanantha C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 85 (1931)

subspecies :

subsp. choanantha

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana crassuloides Franch.; Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris., ser. VIII. 3: 148 (1891) non Bureau & Franch.

subspecies :

subsp. curvianthera (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 43 (1995)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana curvianthera T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 25 (1984)

species :

Gentiana chungtienensis Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 50 (1928)

subspecies :

subsp. chungtienensis

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

subspecies :

subsp. macraucena (C.Marquand) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 43 (1995)

Distribution: China (W-Hubei, S-Shaanxi, E-Sichuan); SE-Tibet; India (Sikkim)

36 CHI TIB 40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana incompta Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz., Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 952 (1936)

= Gentiana macrauchena C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 85 (1931)

subspecies :

subsp. subuniflora (C.Marquand) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 43 (1995)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana subuniflora C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 87 (1931)

species :

Gentiana circa Beck; Ann. Naturh. Mus. (Wien) 2: 128 (1887)

Distribution: C-ltaly (Abruzzesi); Croatia

13 CRO

Remarks: Sect. Ciminalis, status doubtful

species :

Gentiana clarkei Kusn.; Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 276 (1894), et Act. Hort. Petrop. 15: 419 (1904)

subspecies :

subsp. clarkei

Distribution: Tajikistan; China (Qinghai); W-Tibet; NE-Pakistan (Gilgit, Baltistan); Nepal; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)

32 TZK 36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP PAK

Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis clarkei (Kusn.) Ikonn.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 83: 41 (1998)

= Gentiana clarkei var. lutescens T.N.Ho & J.Q.Liu; Novon 6: 188 (1996)

= Gentiana hyalina T.N.Ho; Bull. Bot. Res. North-East. Forest. Inst. 4(1): 82 (1984)

= Gentiana pygmaea C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 111 (1883) non Regel & Schmalh. (1812)

= Gentiana subpolytrichoides Grubov; J. Jap. Bot. 69(1): 18 (1994)

= Gentianodes clarkei (Kusn.) Omer; Fl. Pakistan, 197: 43 (1995)

= Varasia clarkei (Kusn.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

subspecies :

subsp. conduplicata (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 40 (1995)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana conduplicata T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plateau Sin. 3: 33 (1984)

species :

Gentiana clausa Raf.; Med. Fl. 1: 210 (1828)

Name: Bottle gentian

Distribution: Canada (Québec); USA (Connecticut, District of Columbia, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, West Virginia)

72 CDN 75 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana andrewsii var. intermedia Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24(Bot.): 44 (1894)

= Gentiana clausa f. albiflora House; Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist. 243-244: 18 (1923)

= Pneumonanthe clausa (Raf.) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)

= Xolemia clausa (Raf.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)

species :

Gentiana clusii E.P.Perrier & Songeon; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Savoie 1853: 185 (1855)

Name: Clusius´ Enzian, Kalk-Glockenenzian (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg [I], Bayern, Thüringen [I]); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; NE-Spain (Pyrenees); France; N-Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Romania; NW-Ukraine

11 AUT GER LIE POL SLO SWI 12 FRA SPA 13 CRO ITA ROM SLV 14 UKR

Remarks: Sect. Ciminalis

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis clusii (E.P.Perrier & Songeon) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 171 (1973)

= Gentiana acaulis subsp. clusii (E.P.Perrier & Songeon) Simonk.; 397 (1887)

= Gentiana acaulis subsp. clusii (E.P.Perrier & Songeon) Kusn.; Subg. Eugent.: 287 (1894)

= Gentiana acaulis subsp. clusii (E.P.Perrier & Songeon) R.C.V.Douin; Bonnier, Fl. Ill. France 7: 116 (1924)

= Gentiana acaulis subsp. undulatifolia Sünd.; (1906)

= Gentiana acaulis var. angustifolia Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 295 (1839), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana acaulis var. firmula Neilr.; Fl. Nied.-Oesterr.: 476 (1858)

= Gentiana clusii f. caulescens (Gaudin) Hegi; 2009 (1927)

= Gentiana clusii subsp. costei Braun-Blanq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 21: 42 (1919)

= Gentiana clusii subsp. pyrenaica Vivant; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, 125(3-4): 223 (1978)

= Gentiana clusii subsp. rochelii (A.Kern.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov. Seet. Nat. 3(1): 21 (1995)

= Gentiana clusii var. rochelii A.Kern.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 23: 56 (1873)

= Gentiana coriacea St.-Lag.; Cariot, Etud. des fl., ed. 8. 586 (1895)

= Gentiana firma A.Kern.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 23: 56 (1873)

= Gentiana rochelii (A.Kern.) Borbás; Math. Term. Közlem. 1902: 14 (1902)

= Gentiana undulatifolia (Sünd.) Landolt; Fl. Indicativa 269 (2010)

= Thylacitis clusii (E.P.Perrier & Songeon) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 17: 119 (1869)

species :

Gentiana confertifolia C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 50 (1928)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Isomeria

species :

Gentiana coronata Royle; Illustr. Bot. Himal. 278. t. 68, f. 1 (1835)

Distribution: NE-Pakistan; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)

40 IND PAK

Remarks: Sect. Fimbricorona

Synonyms: hidden

= Ericoila coronata (Royle) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 193 (1837)

= Eyrythalia coronata (Royle) D.Don; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 515 (1837)

= Qaisera coronata (Royle) Omer; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 111: 210 (1989)

= Varasia coronata (Royle) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana crassa Kurz; J. As. Soc. Beng. 42(2): 235 (1873)

subspecies :

subsp. crassa

Distribution: Myanmar (Bago, Chin, Mon, Shan); N-Thailand

41 MYA THA

Remarks: Sect. Monopodiae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentianodes crassa (Kurz) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 256 (1972)

subspecies :

subsp. rigescens (Franch. ex Hemsl.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 27 (1995)

Distribution: China (Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan, Hunan); Myanmar; Vietnam

36 CHI 41 MYA VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana rigescens (Franch.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Gentiana esquirolii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 183 (1913)

= Gentiana rigescens Franch.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 134 (1890)

= Gentiana rigescens var. stictantha C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 163 (1937)

= Gentianodes rigescens (Franch. ex Hemsl.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

species :

Gentiana crassicaulis Duthie ex Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 311 (1906)

Distribution: China (NW-Guizhou, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan, SE-Qinghai); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

species :

Gentiana crassula Harry Sm.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. 63: 104 (1926)

Distribution: China (Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana calcicola Marquand ex Wilkie; Gentians, 150 (1936), nomen subnudum, Marquandin Kew Bull. 170 (1937)

species :

Gentiana crassuloides Bureau & Franch.; Morot, J. de Bot. 5: 104 (1891)

subspecies :

subsp. crassuloides

Distribution: China (S-Gansu, W-Hubei, SE-Qinghai, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Ladakh, Chumbi)

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Varasia crassuloides (Bureau & Franch.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

subspecies :

subsp. curviphylla (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 41 (1995)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana curviphylla T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 27 (1984)

subspecies :

subsp. mainlingensis (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov. Sect. Not. 3(1): 41 (1995)

Distribution: SE-Tibet

36 TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana mainlingensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 30 (1984)

subspecies :

subsp. nyingchiensis (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 41 (1995)

Distribution: SE-Tibet

36 TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana nyingchiensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 31 (1984)

species :

Gentiana cristata Harry Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 26: 251 (1965)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan, SW-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana cruciata L.; Sp. Pl. 231 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. cruciata

Name: Kreuz-Enzian (DE), Star gentian (EN)

Distribution: Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, +Saarland, +Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; NE-Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; N-Greece (mountains, south to Mt. Peristeri); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; N-European Russia; Moldova; Crimea; Siberia (W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan); USA [I] (Massachusetts [I])

11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS 30 SIB 32 KAZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 75 usa

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

Synonyms: hidden

= Cruciata verticillata Gilib.; Fl. Lituan. 1: 36 (1781), opus utique oppr.

= Dasystephana cruciata (L.) Adans.; (1763)

= Dasystephana cruciata (L.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 75: 1301 (1990), isonym

= Ericala cruciata (L.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 191 (1837)

= Ericoila cruciata (L.) Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 27 (1796)

= Gentiana depressa Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 49 (1853), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana fibriscincta Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 457 (1866)

= Gentiana lasiopoda Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 457 (1866)

= Gentianella cruciata (L.) Moench; Meth. Suppl. 183 (1802)

= Gentianusa cruciata (L.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 250 (1809)

= Hippion cruciatum (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boëm. 2: 14 (1793 publ. 1794)

= Pneumonanthe cruciata (L.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 70: 921 (1985)

= Tretorhiza cruciata (L.) Delarbre; Fl. Auv. ed. II. 1: 24 (1800)

= Tretorhiza cruciata (L.) Opiz; , isonym

= Tretorrhiza cruciata (L.) Delarbre; Fl. Auvergne, ed. 2: 24 (1800)

subspecies :

subsp. phlogifolia (Schott & Kotschy) Tutin; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 378 (1971)

Distribution: Slovakia; Romania; W-Ukraine

11 SLO 13 ROM 14 UKR

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana phlogifolia Schott & Kotschy; Bot. Zeit. 9: 151 (1851)

= Tretorhiza cruciata subsp. phlogifolia (Schott & Kotschy) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 35(4): 899 (1986)

= Tretorhiza phlogifolia (Schott & Kotschy) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana cruttwellii Harry Sm.; Kew Bull. 225 (1957)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana alpinipalustris P.Royen; Alp. Fl. New Guinea 4: 2807 (1983)

= Gentiana cinereifolia P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot., No. 17, 404 (1964)

= Gentiana nerterifolia P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot., No. 17, 381 (1964)

species :

Gentiana cuneibarba Harry Sm.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. 63: 102 (1926)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Bhutan; N-Myanmar

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Fimbricorona

species :

Gentiana dahurica Fisch.; Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 3: 63 (1812)

Distribution: Siberia (Chita); China (Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, N-Sichuan, NW-Sichuan); Mongolia

30 SIB 36 CHI 37 MON

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana dahurica (Fisch.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 75: 1301 (1990)

= Gentiana biflora Regel ex Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 62 (1893), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 176 (1894)

= Gentiana dahurica var. gracilipes (Turrill) Ma; (1964)

= Gentiana gracilipes Turrill; Bot. Mag. 141: t. 8630 (1915)

= Gentiana kurroo var. brevidens Maxim. ex Kusn.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 4, 1: 178 (1891)

= Gentiana pseudodecumbens Harry Sm.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 130 (1937)

= Pneumonanthe dahurica (Fisch.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 70(7): 921 (1985)

= Tretorhiza biflora (Reg. & Kusn.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Tretorhiza dahurica (Fisch.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

variant :

var. campanulata T.N.Ho; Bull. Bot. Res. North-East. Forest. Inst. 4(1): 75 (1984)

Distribution: China (NW-Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Gentiana davidii Franch.; Pl. Davidian. 1: 211 (1884)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang); Taiwan

36 CHI 38 TAI

Remarks: Sect. Monopodiae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentianodes davidii (Franch.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

= Gentiana atkinsonii Burkill; J. Proc. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 309 (1906)

variant :

var. formosana (Hayata) T.N.Ho; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 62: 103 (1988)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana atkinsonii var. formosana (Hayata) Yamam.; J. Soc. Trop. Agric. 8: 70 (1936)

= Gentiana fasciculata Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 25: Art. 19, 165 (1908)

= Gentiana formosana Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 22: 242 (1906)

variant :

var. fukienensis (Y.Ling) T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 370 (1994)

Distribution: China (Fujian)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana fukienensis Y.Ling; Contrib. Inst. Bot. Nation. Acad. Peiping 6(4): 217 (1949)

species :

Gentiana decemfida Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don; Prod. Fl. Nep. 127 (1825)

Distribution: Pakistan (Hazara, Pakistani Punjab); Nepal; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Poonch)

40 IND NEP PAK

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ericala decemfida Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don; Trans. Linn. Soc. 17: 514 (1837)

= Ericoila decemfida (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) D.Don; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 514 (1837)

= Ericoila royleana G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 191 (1837)

= Gentiana aprica Decne.; Jacquem. Voy. Bot. 112. t. 118 (1844)

= Gentiana decemfida var. aprica (Decne.) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 112 (1883)

= Gentiana listeri Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 314 (1906)

= Gentiana riparia Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 4392 (1830)

= Gentiana royleana Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 4393 (1830)

= Gentianodes aprica (Decne.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 15 (1988)

= Gentianodes decemfida (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 14 (1988)

= Varasia aprica (Decne.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Varasia decemfida (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana decora Pollard; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington. 13: 131 (1900)

Name: Showy gentian

Distribution: USA (Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia)

75 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana decora (Pollard) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 930 (1903)

= Pneumonanthe decora (Pollard) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)

species :

Gentiana decumbens L.f.; Suppl. 174 (1781)

Distribution: C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Kazakhstan; China (NW-Xinjiang); Mongolia; India (Himachal Pradesh)

14 RUS 30 SIB 32 KAZ 36 CHI 37 MON 40 IND

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis decumbens (L.f.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Rostl. 1: Gentian. 10 (1823)

= Dasystephana adscendens (Pall.) Borkh.; Roem. Archiv 1: t. 26 (1796)

= Dasystephana decumbens (L.f.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 75(9): 1301 (1990)

= Dasystephana sangilenica Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 77(2): 96 (1992)

= Eyrythalia gebleri G.Don; Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. III. 471 (1839)

= Gentiana adscendens Pall.; Fl. Ross. 1(2): 106. t. 94 (1789)

= Gentiana ascendens Poir. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 672 (1840)

= Gentiana decumbens var. gebleri (Ledeb. ex Bunge) Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 280 (1839)

= Gentiana gebleri Ledeb. ex Bunge; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 1: 211 (1829)

= Gentiana sangilenica (Zuev) Czerep.; Vasc. Pl. Russia & Adj. States (former USSR): 269 (1995)

= Pneumonanthe adscendens (Pall.) F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 10 (1796)

= Tretorhiza decumbens (L.f.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 35(4): 899 (1986)

= Tretorhiza decumbens (L.f.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana delavayi Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 31: 377 (1884)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, N-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Microsperma

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentianodes delavayi (Franch.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

species :

Gentiana deltoidea Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. v11. 966 (1936)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana dendrologi C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 79 (1931)

Distribution: China (N-Sichuan, W-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

species :

Gentiana densiflora T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 369 (1994)

Distribution: China (Guizhou, E-Sichuan, W-Hubei)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana depressa D.Don; Prod. Fl. Nep. 125 (1825) ex C. E. C. Fisch. & Kaul, Kew Bull. 268 (1940), descr. ampl.

Distribution: S-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, Chumbi)

36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Isomeria

Synonyms: hidden

= Ericala depressa D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)

= Ericoila depressa (D.Don) D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)

= Gentiana depressa var. stenophylla T.N.Ho; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23: 57 (1993)

= Gentianodes depressa (D.Don ex G.Don) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

= Pneumonanthe depressa (D.Don) G.Don; London Edinburgh Philos. Mag. & J. Sci. 1836: 76 (1836)

species :

Gentiana divaricata T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 19 (1984)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana diversifolia Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 1: Suppl. 224 (1906)

Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)

42 PHI

species :

Gentiana douglasiana Bong.; Mem. Acad. Petersb. 2: 156 (1833)

Name: Swamp gentian

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (British Columbia); USA (Washington State)

70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ericala douglasiana (Bong.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)

= Gentiana douglasiana f. maculata B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 94: 634 (1967)

= Gentiana douglasiana var. brevissima Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 303 (1838)

= Gentiana douglasiana var. patens Griseb.; Fl. Bor. Amer. (Hook.) 2: 60, tab. 148B (1837)

species :

Gentiana dschungarica Regel; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada, prepr. 6: 334 (1879)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); E-Kazakhstan

30 SIB 32 KAZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana fischeri (P.A.Smirn.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Gentiana fischeri P.A.Smirn.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou, Biol., n. s. 46: 95, cum descr. (1937)

= Gentiana gebleri Fisch. ex Bunge; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 1: 218 (1829)

= Pneumonanthe fischeri (P.A.Smirn.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 70: 921 (1985)

species :

Gentiana dshimilensis K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 583 (1850)

Distribution: SW-Bulgaria; W-Ukraine; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (NE-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

13 BUL 14 UKR 33 ARM AZE GEO 34 IRN TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis dshimilensis (K.Koch) Zuev; Turczaninowia 22(3): 146 (2019)

= Gentiana djimilensis Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 4: 72 (1875), orth. var.

= Gentiana pyrenaica f. longipedunculata Kozuharov & Petrova; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 8: 484, 404 (1982)

= Gentiana pyrenaica f. minuta Kozuharov & Petrova; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 8: 484, 404 (1982)

= Gentiana vagneriana Janka; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 35 109 (1885), nomen

= Gentiana wagneri Janka; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 35: 109 (1885)

= Varasia dshimilensis (K.Koch) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Varasia pyrenaica subsp. vagneriana (Janka) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 202 (1979 publ. 1980), nom. inval.

species :

Gentiana duclouxii Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 46: 305 (1899)

Distribution: China (C-Yunnan, W-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Monopodiae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentianodes duclouxii (Franch.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

species :

Gentiana durangensis Villarreal; Acta Bot. Mex. 34: 49 (1996)

Distribution: Mexico (Durango)

79 MEX

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

species :

Gentiana ecaudata C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 51 (1928)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; NE-Myanmar

36 CHI TIB 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana setulifolia C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 56 (1928)

species :

Gentiana elmeriana Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 46 (1995), nom. nov.

Distribution: Philippines (Mindanao)

42 PHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Amarella copelandii Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 53 (-54) (1904)

= Gentiana copelandii (Greene) Elmer; Leaflets Philipp. Bot. 7: 2671 (1915)

species :

Gentiana elwesii C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 115 (1883)

Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tripura, West Bengal, Chumbi)

36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Isomeria

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana longepetiolata Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 62 (1893), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 137 (1894)

= Gentianodes elwesii (C.B.Clarke) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

= Gentianodes longipetiolata (Kusn.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

species :

Gentiana emodi C.Marquand ex Sealy; Bot. Mag., Lond. clxx. t. 230 (1954)

Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, Chumbi)

36 TIB 40 BHU IND

Remarks: Sect. Isomeria

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana amoena C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 115 (1883) nec Wedd. (1859)

= Gentianodes emodi (Marquand ex Sealy) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

species :

Gentiana ettingshausenii F.Muell.; Trans. Roy. Soc. Vict. N. S. I. 2: 27 (1889)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana giulianetti Hemsl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1899: 106 (1899)

= Gentiana lorentzii Koord.; Lorentz, Nova Guinea 8: 175 (1909)

= Gentiana wollastonii Wernham; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 9: 118 (1916)

species :

Gentiana exigua Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. V11. 957 (1936)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana faucipilosa Harry Sm.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. 63: 102 (1926)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana faucipilosa var. caudata C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 171 (1937)

species :

Gentiana fieldiana J.S.Pringle; Sida 8(1): 24 (1979)

Distribution: Guatemala

80 GUA

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana filistyla Balf.f. & Forrest; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 60 (1928)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Nepal; NE-Myanmar

36 CHI TIB 40 NEP 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Isomeria

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana filistyla var. parviflora C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 183 (1937)

= Gentianodes filistyla (Balf.f.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125: 257 (1972)

species :

Gentiana flavomaculata Hayata; Ic. Pl. Formos. 6: Suppl. (Gen. Ind. Fl. Formos.) 49 (1917)

subspecies :

subsp. flavomaculata

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana flavescens Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 25: Art 19, 166(1908) non Schur (1866)

= Gentiana flavomaculata var. yuanyanghuensis Chih H.Chen & J.C.Wang; Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin., n. s. 40: 21 (1999)

subspecies :

subsp. tatakensis (Masam.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 38 (1995)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana tatakensis Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 33: 110 (1943)

species :

Gentiana flexicaulis Harry Sm.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 133 (1937)

Distribution: China (N-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana inconspicua Harry Sm.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 131 (1937)

variant :

var. complexa (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 40 (1995)

Distribution: China (S-Sichuan, Emei Shan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana complexa T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 34 (1984)

species :

Gentiana formosa Harry Sm.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. 63: 104 (1926)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; NE-Myanmar (Kachin)

36 CHI TIB 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana exquisita Harry Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 26: 25 (1965)

species :

Gentiana forrestii C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 52 (1928)

subspecies :

subsp. forrestii

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana pallescens Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 962 (1936)

= Gentiana pallida Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 962 (1936), orth. var.

subspecies :

subsp. yakumontana (Masam.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 40 (1995)

Distribution: Japan (Yakushima Isl.)

38 JAP NNS

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana yakumontana f. viridis (Sugim.) Yonek.; J. Jap. Bot. 80(6): 328 (2005)

= Gentiana yakumontana Masam.; Prelim. Rep. Veg. Yakus. 112 (1929), Masam. in Mem. Fac. Sci. & Agric. Taihoku Imp. Univ. xi., Bot. No. 4, 374 (1934)

= Gentiana zollingeri f. viridis Sugim.; Keys Herb. Pl. Jap. 1: 427, 737 (1965)

species :

Gentiana franchetiana Kusn.; Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 243 (1894), et Act. Hort. Petrop. 15: 385 (1904)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, N-Yunnan, NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana pulla Franch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 133 (1890) nec Griseb. (1874)

species :

Gentiana fremontii Torr.; Frem. Rep. 94 (1843)

Name: Moss gentian

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, Saskatchewan); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Chondrophylla fremontii (Torr.) A.Nelson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, 245 (1904)

= Ciminalis fremontii (Torr.) W.A.Weber; Phytologia 33(2): 105 (1976)

species :

Gentiana frigida Haenke; Jacq., Collect, Bot. 2, 13 (1789)

Name: Steirischer Enzian, Tauern-Enzian (DE)

Distribution: Austria; Poland; Slovakia; Romania; SW-Bulgaria; NW-Ukraine

11 AUT POL SLO 13 BUL ROM 14 UKR

Remarks: Sect. Frigidae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis algida Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Gentian.): 10 (1824)

= Ciminalis frigida (Haenke) Bercht. & J.Presl; Rostl. 1: Gentian. 10 (1823)

= Dasystephana frigida (Haenke) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 75: 1301 (1990)

= Gentiana algida var. frigida (Haenke) Kusn.; Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana (1894)

= Gentianodes frigida (Haenke) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 256 (1972)

= Pneumonanthe frigida (Haenke) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)

species :

Gentiana froelichii Jan ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 865 (1832)

subspecies :

subsp. froelichii

Name: Karawanken-Enzian

Distribution: Austria; NE-Italy; Slovenia

11 AUT 13 ITA SLV

Remarks: Sect. Frigidae

Synonyms: hidden

= Favargera froelichii (Jan) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 256 (1972)

= Gentiana carnica Welw. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 2: 865 (1832)

= Gentiana hladnikiana Host ex W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv.: 488 (1837)

subspecies :

subsp. zenariae F.Martini & Poldini; Willdenowia 18(1): 23 (1988)

Distribution: NE-Italy (Venetian Alps)

13 ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana zenariae (F.Martini & Poldini) Landolt; Fl. Indicativa 269 (2010)

species :

Gentiana futtereri Diels & Gilg; Futterer, Durch Asien, Bot. repr. 14 (1903)

Distribution: China (SE-Qinghai); E-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

species :

Gentiana gayi Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 106 (1845)

Name: Mamañika [Chile]

Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, Jujuy, La Rioja, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Salta, Santa Cruz Prov., San Juan, Tucuman, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Arica y Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta, Atacama, Coquimbo, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Magallanes)

85 ARG CLE

Remarks: sect. Dolichocarpa. Sometimes included in a broadly defined G. prostrata

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana gayi subsp. magellanica (Kusn.) Pfanzelt & K.B.Hagen; Pl. Syst. Evol. 302(2): 165 (2015)

= Gentiana podocarpa (Phil.) Griseb.; Gött. Abh. 19: 210 (1874)

= Gentiana prostrata f. magellanica Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24(Bot.): 231 (1894)

= Gentiana prostrata subsp. podocarpa (Phil.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 34 (1995)

= Gentiana prostrata var. podocarpa (Phil.) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24(Bot.): 231 (1894)

= Gentiana ramosissima Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 43: 511 (1873), nom. illeg.

= Varasia podocarpa Phil.; Fl. Atac. 35. t. 36 (1860)

species :

Gentiana gelida M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucasus 1: 196 (1808)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkmenistan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)

32 TKM 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana gelida (M.Bieb.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Gentiana algida Steven; Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 3: 249 (1812), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana alpina Adam; G. F. Hoffmann, Hort. Mosq.: 1487 (1808), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana araratica Adam ex Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 285 (1838)

= Pneumonanthe gelida (M.Bieb.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 194 (1837)

species :

Gentiana georgei Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 221 (1912)

Distribution: China (S-Gansu, S-Qinghai, N-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

species :

Gentiana gilvostriata C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 83 (1931)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Bhutan; NE-India (Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal); NE-Myanmar (Kachin)

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Isomeria

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana gilvostriata var. stricta C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 183 (1937)

species :

Gentiana glauca Pall.; Fl. Ross. 1(2): 104. t. 93, f. 2 (1789)

Name: Pale gentian (EN)

Distribution: Siberia (Chita, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Sakhalin); Japan (Hokkaido); Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Northern Territories, Yukon); USA (Montana, Washington State)

30 SIB 31 RFE 38 JAP 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 73 USA

Remarks: Sect. Isomeria

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis glauca (Pall.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Gentian.): 11 (1824)

= Coilantha glauca (Pall.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 185 (1837)

= Dasistepha caespitosa (Graham) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 19 (1837)

= Dasystephana glauca (Pall.) Borkh.; Roem. Archiv 1: t. 26 (1796)

= Dasystephana glauca (Pall.) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 464 (1913), isonym

= Gentiana caespitosa Graham; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 1830(July-Sept.): 367 (1830)

= Gentiana glauca f. chlorantha Jordal; Rhodora 54: 38 (1952)

= Gentiana glauca var. paulensis Kellogg; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 7: 115 (1877)

= Gentianodes glauca (Pall.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

= Pneumonanthe glauca (Pall.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)

species :

Gentiana grandiflora Laxm.; Nov. Comm. Acad. Petrop. 18: 526. t. 6, f. 1 (1774)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); SE-Kazakhstan; NW-Mongolia

30 SIB 32 KAZ 37 MON

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis grandiflora (Laxm.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 70: 920 (1985)

= Diploma altaica (Pall.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 19 (1837)

= Ericala altaica (Pall.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)

= Ericoila altaica (Pall.) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 27 (1796)

= Gentiana altaica Pall.; Fl. Ross. 2: 217 (1788)

= Gentiana longiflora Lam.; Tabl. Encyc. 1: 485 (1793)

= Hippion altaicum (Pall.) F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 10 (1796)

= Varasia grandiflora (Laxm.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Xolemia longiflora (Lam.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)

species :

Gentiana grata Harry Sm.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien Math.-Nat. 63: 103 (1926)

subspecies :

subsp. grata

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

subspecies :

subsp. burmensis (C.Marquand) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 34 (1995)

Distribution: N-Myanmar

41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana burmensis C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 49 (1928)

variant :

var. bryophylla (Harry Sm.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 35 (1995)

Distribution: NE-Myanmar

41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana bryophylla Harry Sm.; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 57 (1993)

species :

Gentiana grumii Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 63 (1893), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 246 (1894)

Distribution: China (Qinghai, Gansu)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana ivanoviczii C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 173 (1937)

= Gentiana maximowiczii Kusn.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 4, 2: 505 (1892), nom. illeg.

species :

Gentiana gyirongensis T.N.Ho; Bull. Bot. Res. North-East. Forest. Inst. 4(1): 79 (1984)

Distribution: SW-Tibet; Nepal

36 TIB 40 NEP

Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa

species :

Gentiana handeliana Harry Sm.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien Math.-Nat. 63: 98 (1926)

subspecies :

subsp. handeliana

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; NE-Myanmar

36 CHI TIB 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Frigidae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana handeliana var. brevisepala C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 84 (1931)

= Gentiana stictantha C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 57 (1928)

subspecies :

subsp. erectosepala (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 22 (1995)

Distribution: SE-Tibet

36 TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana erectosepala T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(1): 47 (1985)

species :

Gentiana haraldi-smithii Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 46 (1995)

Distribution: Sulawesi

42 SUL

species :

Gentiana harrowiana Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 221 (1912)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; NE-Myanmar

36 CHI TIB 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Isomeria

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana streptopoda Balf.f. & Forrest; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 61 (1928)

species :

Gentiana haynaldii Kanitz; Pl. exped. Szechenyi in As. centr. coll. 39 (1891)

Distribution: China (SW-Qinghai, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana rockhillii Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 30: 137 (1894)

= Gentiana scariosa Balf.f. & Forrest; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 4: 74 (1907)

species :

Gentiana heleonastes Harry Sm.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 132 (1937)

Distribution: China (S-Qinghai, N-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana helophila Balf.f. & Forrest; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 60 (1928)

subspecies :

subsp. helophila

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

subspecies :

subsp. dolichocalyx (T.N.Ho) Halda; Genus Gentiana: 93 (1997)

Distribution: China (NW-Sichuan, SE-Qinghai)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana dolichocalyx T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(1): 43 (1985)

species :

Gentiana hesseliana Hosseus; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 465 (1911)

Distribution: N-Thailand; ?Vietnam

41 THA

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana hexaphylla Maxim. ex Kusn.; Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 35: 349 (1894), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 126 (1894)

Distribution: China (S-Gansu, SE-Qinghai, N-Sichuan, W-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana hexaphylla var. caudata C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 81 (1931)

= Gentiana hexaphylla var. pentaphylla Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz., Symb. Sin. 7: 974 (1936)

= Gentiana hexaphylla var. septemloba Harry Sm. ex C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 81 (1931)

= Gentianodes hexaphylla (Maxim.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

species :

Gentiana himalayaensis T.N.Ho; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 57 (1993), nom. nov.

Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim)

36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Frigidae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana algida var. parviflora (C.B.Clarke) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 266 (1898)

= Gentiana nubigena var. parviflora C.B.Clarke; (1883) (non G. parviflora Gilg (1896))

species :

Gentiana hirsuta Ma & E.W.Ma ex T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 38 (1984)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana hohoxiliensis S.K.Wu & R.F.Huang; S. G. Wu & Z. J. Feng (eds.), Biol. & Human Physiol. Hoh Xil Region: 74 (1996)

Distribution: China (Qinghai)

36 CHI

species :

Gentiana hooperi J.S.Pringle; Sida 7(2): 193 (1977)

Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Sinaloa)

79 MEX

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

species :

Gentiana hsinganica J.H.Yu; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 32(1): 1 (2012)

Distribution: China (Nei Mongol)

36 CHI

species :

Gentiana hugelii Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 108 (1845)

Distribution: W-Tibet; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Zanskar)

36 TIB 40 IND

Remarks: Sect. Fimbricorona

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana marginata var. hugelii (Griseb.) S.Agrawal; Indian J. Forest. 7(1): 56 (1984)

= Qaisera hugelii (Griseb.) Omer; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 111(2): 210 (1989)

= Gentiana hugelii Griseb. ex Stapf; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 337 (1906)

species :

Gentiana huxleyi Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 64 (1893), et in Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 35: 280 (1894)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Parwan); S-Tibet; Pakistan (Chitral, Swat); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Uttarakhand, Sikkim)

34 AFG 36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana kumaonensis Biswas; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 34: t. 3359 (1938)

= Gentiana sagarmathae Miyam. & H.Ohba; J. Jap. Bot. 71(1): 45 (1996)

= Gentianodes huxleyi (Kusn.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 5 (1988)

= Varasia huxleyi (Kusn.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana intricata C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 170 (1937)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana fastigiata Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 31: 373 (1884), nom. illeg.

= Varasia fastigiata (Franch.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

variant :

var. subintricata (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 38 (1995)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana subintricata T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 41 (1984)

species :

Gentiana jamesii Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 128 (1890)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido)

31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis jamesii (Hemsl.) Zuev; Konspekt Fl. Aziatsk. Rossii 365 (2012)

= Gentiana jamesii f. albiflora (Nakai) Toyok.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 16: 116 (1956)

= Gentiana jamesii var. albiflora Nakai; Icon. Pl. Koisikav 3: 25 (1916)

= Gentiana jamesii var. kawakamii (Makino) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus., Tokyo 31: 93 (1952)

= Gentiana kawakamii (Makino) Makino; Bot. Mag. Tokyo 18: 67 (1904)

= Gentiana kurilensis Grossh.; Fl. URSS 18: 750 (1952)

= Gentiana nipponica var. karakamii Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 17: 212 (1903)

= Gentianodes jamesii (Hemsl.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

= Varasia jamesii (Hemsl.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana jarmilae Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 28 (1995), nom. nov.

Distribution: N-Borneo

42 BOR

Remarks: Sect. Monopodiae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana clementis Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., Bot. 13: 120 (1918) (non Rydb. 1910)

species :

Gentiana jingdongensis T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(1): 46 (1985)

Distribution: China (C-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Monopodiae

species :

Gentiana jouyana Hul; Adansonia, sér. 3, 24(1): 37 (2002)

Distribution: Vietnam

41 VIE

species :

Gentiana kaohsiungensis Chih H.Chen & J.C.Wang; Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. (Taipei) 40(1): 24 (1999)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana kauffmanniana Regel & Schmalh.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 6: 331 (1879)

subspecies :

subsp. kauffmanniana

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (N-Xinjiang); Pakistan; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir)

32 KAZ KGZ TZK 36 CHI 40 IND PAK

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana kauffmanniana (Regel & Schmalh.) Revushk. & Borovik; Turczaninowia 22(3): 136 (2019)

= Gentianodes kauffmanniana (Regel & Schmalh.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20: 17 (1988)

= Tretorhiza kauffmanniana (Regel & Schmalh.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

subspecies :

subsp. affghanica (Kusn.) Schiman-Czeika; Fl. Iranica 41: 14 (1967)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Bamyan, Wardak); Pakistan (Waziristan)

34 AFG 40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana kauffmanniana var. affghanica Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 13: 62 (1893)

= Gentianodes kauffmanniana subsp. affghanica (Kusn.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20: 17 (1988)

species :

Gentiana khammouanensis Hul; Edinburgh J. Bot. 64(2): 173 (2007)

Distribution: Laos

41 LAO

species :

Gentiana kirilowii Turcz.; Vestn. Estestv. Nauk Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir. 2(43-44): 1354 (1861)

Distribution: SE-Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (N-Xinjiang); W-Tibet; Pakistan (Hazara, Chitral, Astor, Gilgit, Deosai, Baltistan); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Zanskar)

32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 36 CHI TIB 40 IND PAK

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana glomerata (Regel) Kusn.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 4, 2: 507 (1892)

= Gentiana olivieri var. glomerata Regel; Descr. Pl. Nov. 7: 47 (1879)

= Gentiana regelii Kusn.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 4, 2: 507 (1892)

= Gentiana tianschanica Rupr. ex Kusn.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 14(4): 61 (1869)

= Gentianodes tianschanica (Rupr. ex Kusn.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 18 (1988)

= Tretorhiza tianschanica (Rupr.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana kurroo Royle; Illustr. Bot. Himal. 278. t. 68, f. 2 (1835)

Distribution: Pakistan (Kurram, Hazara, Murree); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Poonch); Myanmar

40 IND PAK 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentianodes kurroo (Royle) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 16 (1988)

= Pneumonanthe kurroo (Royle) G.Don; Phil. Mag. 75 (1836), Royle, Illustr. Bot. Himal. 278

= Tretorhiza kurroo (Royle) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

variant :

var. lowndesii (Blatt.) T.N.Ho; A Worldwide Monograph of Gentiana: 172 (2001)

Distribution: Pakistan (Waziristan); Nepal; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh)

40 IND NEP PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana lowndesii Blatt.; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 35: 861 (1932)

= Gentianella lowndesii (Blatt.) Harry Sm.; J. Jap. Bot. 56(9): 276 (1981)

= Gentianodes lowndesii (Blatt.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 17 (1988)

= Tretorhiza lowndesii (Blatt.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana kurumbae Anilkumar & Udayan; Taiwania 60(2): 82 (2015)

Distribution: India (Kerala)

40 IND

species :

Gentiana lacerulata Harry Sm.; Kew Bull. 15: 52 (1961)

Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; NE-India (Assam, Sikkim)

36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Isomeria

species :

Gentiana laciniata Kit. ex Kanitz; Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 12: 572 (1862)

Distribution: W-Ukraine

14 UKR

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae. Sometimes included in G. pyrenaica or G. dshimilensis

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis dshimilensis subsp. laciniata (Kit. ex Kanitz) Zuev; Turczaninowia 22(3): 147 (2019)

= Gentiana pyrenaica var. laciniata (Kit. ex Kanitz) Jáv.; Exsicc. (Fl. Hung.) 8: n. 786 (1927)

species :

Gentiana laevigata M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Brux. 11: I. 369 (1844)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca)

79 MEX

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

variant :

var. hintoniorum (B.L.Turner) T.N.Ho; A Worldwide Monograph of Gentiana: 314 (2001)

Distribution: Mexico (Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana hintoniorum B.L.Turner; Phytologia 80(2): 118 (1996)

species :

Gentiana lagodechiana (Kusn.) Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza 3: 228 (1932)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus

33 NCS

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe. Often included in G. septemfida as variety

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana lagodechiana (Kusn.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Gentiana septemfida var. lagodechiana Kusn.; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 325 (1903)

species :

Gentiana langbianensis A.Chev. ex Hul; Adansonia, sér. 3, 21(2): 248 (1999)

subspecies :

subsp. langbianensis

Distribution: Vietnam

41 VIE

subspecies :

subsp. kerriana Hul; Fl. Cambodge, Laos & Vietnam 31: 39 (2003)

Distribution: Laos

41 LAO

species :

Gentiana laotica Soulad., Tagane & Yahara; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 46(1): 72 (2018)

Distribution: Laos

41 LAO

species :

Gentiana lateriflora Hemsl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1896: 38 (1896)

Distribution: N-Sumatra; S-Sulawesi

42 SUL SUM

Remarks: Sect. Monopodiae

variant :

var. uncifolia (H.J.Lam) T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38(1): 10 (2000)

Distribution: Sulawesi

42 SUL

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana uncifolia H.J.Lam; Blumea 5: 578 (1945)

species :

Gentiana latidens (House) J.S.Pringle & Weakley; Rhodora 111(947): 394 (2009)

Distribution: USA (North Carolina)

78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana saponaria var. latidens House; Muhlenbergia 6(7): 75 (1910)

species :

Gentiana lawrencei Burkill; Gard. Chron., II. 307 (1905)

Distribution: China (SW-Gansu, W-Sichuan, Qinghai); E-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana farreri Balf.f.; Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh 27: 248 (1918)

= Gentiana lawrencei var. farreri (Balf.f.) T.N.Ho; Novon 4: 371 (1994)

= Gentianodes farreri (Balf.f.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125: 257 (1972)

species :

Gentiana laxiflora T.N.Ho; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 56 (1993)

Distribution: SE-Tibet

36 TIB

Remarks: Sect. Frigidae

species :

Gentiana leroyana Hul; Adansonia, sér. 3, 21(2): 246 (1999)

Distribution: Laos

41 LAO

species :

Gentiana leucomelaena Maxim.; Mel. biol. Acad. Imp. 13: 175 (1891), et in Bull, Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 34: 505 (1892)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva); SE-Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xinjiang); Tibet; N-Mongolia; NE-Pakistan (Gilgit, Karakorum, Baltistan); Nepal; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Ladakh, Leh, Rupshu, Dras)

30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 40 IND NEP PAK

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis leucomelaena (Maxim.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 70(7): 920 (1985)

= Ciminalis variegata Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 71: 1406 (1986)

= Gentiana aquatica subsp. alba Freyn; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 40: 124 (1890)

= Gentiana berezovcaeana Prodan; Bul. Grad. Bot. Univ. Cluj 6: 112 (1926 publ. 1927)

= Gentiana humilis var. evolutior C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 111 (1883)

= Gentiana leucomelaena var. alba Kusn.; Subgen. Eugentiana: 235 (1894)

= Gentiana leucomelaena var. pusilla Krylov; Fl. Alt. 3: 852 (1904)

= Gentiana variegata (Zuev) Czerep.; Vasc. Pl. Russia & Adj. States (former USSR): 270 (1995)

= Varasia leucomelaena (Maxim.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana lhassica Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 311 (1906)

Distribution: China (SW-Qinghai); E-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

species :

Gentiana licentii Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. v11. 952 (1936), et in Kew Bull.132, descr. (1937)

Distribution: China (SE-Gansu, E-Sichuan, Shaanxi)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana ligustica Vilm. & Chopinet; Rapports Comm. VIII Congr. Internat. Bot., Sect. 21-27, 166 (1956)

Distribution: SE-France; C-Italy; NW-Italy

12 FRA 13 ITA

Remarks: Sect. Ciminalis

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis ligustica (R.Vilm. & Chopinet) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 171 (1973)

species :

Gentiana linearis Froel.; Gent. Diss. 37 (1796)

Name: Narrowleaf gentian

Distribution: Canada (Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario, Québec); USA (Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, West Virginia)

71 CDN 72 CDN 75 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis linearis (Froel.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Rostl. 1: Gentian. 11 (1824)

= Dasystephana linearis (Froel.) Britton; Britton & Brown, Ill. Fl. Ed. 2, 3: 13 (1913)

= Diploma hudsonica Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 27 (1837), nom. superfl.

= Ericala linearis (Froel.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 190 (1837)

= Gentiana linearis f. blanchardii Fernald; Rhodora 19: 152 (1917)

= Gentiana michauxii G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 194 (1837), nom. superfl.

= Gentiana pneumonanthe Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 176 (1803) non L.

= Gentiana pseudopneumonanthe Schult.; Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 6: 146 (1820)

= Gentiana saponaria var. froelichii Torr. & A.Gray; A. Gray, Manual: 360 (1848)

= Gentiana saponaria var. linearis (Froel.) Griseb.; Fl. Bor. Amer. (Hook.) 2: 55 (1837)

= Gonipia linearis (Froel.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 24 (1837)

= Pneumonanthe linearis (Froel.) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)

= Pneumonanthe media Raf.; Fl. Tellur. III: 19, 28 (1836)

= Pneumonanthe pseudopneumonanthe (Schult.) G.Don; Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. III. 471 (1839)

species :

Gentiana lineolata Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 31: 375 (1884)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Microsperma

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentianodes lineolata (Franch.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

= Gentiana lineolata var. verticillaris F.B.Forbes & Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 128 (1890)

species :

Gentiana linoides Franch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 129 (1890)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Varasia linoides (Franch.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana loerzingii Ridl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1939: 30 (1939)

Distribution: Sumatra

42 SUM

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana longicollis G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 69(2): 115 (1990)

Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Jalisco, Nayarit)

79 MEX

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

species :

Gentiana loureiroi (G.Don) Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 108 (1845)

subspecies :

subsp. loureiroi

Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang); Taiwan; Bhutan; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Sikkim); Myanmar; N- & NE-Thailand; Laos; Vietnam

36 CHI 38 TAI 40 BHU IND 41 LAO MYA THA VIE

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ericoila loureiroi G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 192 (1837)

= Gentiana aquatica Lour.; Fl. Cochinch.: 172 (1790), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana indica Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 1: 674 (1840)

= Varasia loureiroi (Griseb.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

subspecies :

subsp. napulifera (Franch.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 48 (1995)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, C-Yunnan, NW-Yunnan); India (Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim); Myanmar (Kachin); N-Thailand

36 CHI 40 IND 41 MYA THA

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana napulifera Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 488 (1896)

= Gentiana sarcorrhiza Y.Ling & Ma ex T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plateau Sin. 3: 45 (1984)

species :

Gentiana lowryi Hul; Adansonia, sér. 3, 24(1): 39 (2002)

Distribution: Vietnam

41 VIE

species :

Gentiana lutea L.; Sp. Pl. 227 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. lutea

Name: Gelber Enzian (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen [I], Nordrhein-Westfalen [I], Rheinland-Pfalz [I], Sachsen [I], Thüringen [I]); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Czech Republic; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Slovenia

11 AUT CZE GER LIE SWI 12 ADO COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ITA SLV

Remarks: Sect. Lutea

Synonyms: hidden

= Asterias hybrida G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 184 (1837)

= Asterias lutea (L.) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 25 (1796)

= Coilantha biloba Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Gentian.): 6 (1824)

= Gentiana major Bubani; Fl. Pyren. 1: 527 (1897)

= Gentianusa lutea (L.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 248 (1809)

= Lexipyretum luteum (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 451 (1867)

= Swertia lutea (L.) Vest ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 429 (1838)

subspecies :

subsp. aurantiaca M.Laínz; Mis contrib. conocim. fl. Asturias: 61 (1982)

Distribution: NW-Spain

12 SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana aurantiaca (M.Laínz) Silva Pando, Valdés Berm. & Rodr.Gracia; Nova Acta Cient. Compostel. (Biol.) 10: 26 (2000)

= Gentiana lutea var. aurantiaca (M.Laínz) M.Laínz; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 60(2): 463 (2002)

subspecies :

subsp. montserratii (Vivant ex Greuter) Romo; Pl. Vasc. Abella de la Conca: 35 (1989)

Distribution: NE-Spain

12 SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana lutea subsp. montserratii (Vivant) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. 11: 48 (1979)

= Gentiana lutea var. dilatata A.Bolòs; Actas III Congreso Int. Inst. Estud. Piren. 2: 38 (1962)

= Gentiana montserratii Vivant; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, 122 (7-8): 333 (1975)

= Gentiana montserratii Vivant ex Greuter; Willdenowia 11(2): 279 (1981)

subspecies :

subsp. vardjanii Wraber; Proteus (Ljubljana) 48: 345 (-346) (1986)

Distribution: SE-Austria; Slovenia

11 AUT 13 SLV

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana vardjanii (Wraber) Landolt; Fl. Indicativa 269 (2010)

species :

Gentiana lycopodioides Stapf; Trans. Linn. Soc., ser. II. 4: 208 (1894)

Distribution: Borneo

42 BOR

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana macgregoryi Hemsl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1899: 107 (1899)

subspecies :

subsp. macgregoryi

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana igitii P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot. 17: 387 (1964)

= Gentiana juniperina Harry Sm.; Kew Bull. 225 (1957)

= Gentiana pungens Harry Sm. ex P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot., No. 17, 383 (1964)

= Gentiana recurvifolia P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot. 17: 390 (1964)

subspecies :

subsp. piundensis (P.Royen) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 47 (1995)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana piundensis P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot., No. 17, 393 (1964)

= Gentiana polytrichoides P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot., No. 17, 392 (1964)

species :

Gentiana macrophylla Pall.; Fl. Ross. 1(2): 108. t. 96 (1789)

subspecies :

subsp. macrophylla

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye); Kazakhstan; China (N-Sichuan, Henan, Gansu, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Shanxi, Hebei, Nei Mongol, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Shandong); N-Mongolia

30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 36 CHI 37 MON

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana macrophylla (Pall.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 75: 1301 (1990)

= Ericoila macrophylla (Pall.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Gentian.): 14 (1824)

= Gentiana jakutensis Bunge ex Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 118 (1845)

= Gentiana macrophylla f. alba G.M.Zhang; Plant 9(4): 98, figs. 1-A, 3 (2021)

= Gentiana macrophylla var. minor Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 3: 70 (1847)

= Gentiana quinquenervia Turrill; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1914: 328 (1914)

= Hippion macrophyllum (Pall.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)

= Pneumonanthe macrophylla (Pall.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 70(7): 921 (1985)

= Tretorhiza macrophylla (Pall.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

subspecies :

subsp. fetissowii (Regel & C.Winkl.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 32 (1995)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai); SE-Kazakhstan; N-China (Gansu, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Shanxi, Hebei)

30 SIB 32 KAZ 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana fetissowii (Regel & C.Winkl.) Revushk. & Borovik; Turczaninowia 22(3): 136 (2019)

= Gentiana fetisowii Regel & C.Winkl.; Gartenflora 31: 3 (1882)

= Gentiana macrophylla var. fetisowii (Regel & C.Winkl.) Ma & C.K.Hsia; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 6: 43 (1964)

= Gentiana wutaiensis C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 80 (1931)

= Pneumonanthe fetisowii (Regel & C.Winkl.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 70: 921 (1985)

= Tretorhiza fetisowii (Regel & C.Winkl.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana maeulchanensis Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 488 (1896)

subspecies :

subsp. maeulchanensis

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim)

36 CHI 40 BHU IND

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

subspecies :

subsp. kunmingensis (S.W.Liu) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 38 (1995)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana kunmingensis S.W.Liu ex T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 369 (1994)

species :

Gentiana magellensis (Vacc. ex Ronniger) Tammaro; Arch. Bot. Biogeogr. Ital., 62(1-2): 54 (1986)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: Sect. Calathianae. Often included in G. verna

Synonyms: hidden

= Calathiana magellensis (Ronniger) Holub; Preslia 70(2): 101 (1998)

= Gentiana verna f. magellensis Ronniger; Mitt. Naturwiss. Vereines Steiermark 52: 326 (1915 publ. 1916)

species :

Gentiana mairei H.Lév.; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 25: 22 (1915)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NE-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana makinoi Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 60 (1893), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 89 (1894)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu, Shikoku)

38 JAP

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana makinoi (Kusn.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Gentiana makinoi f. albiflora Nakai ex H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 21: 19 (1947)

= Gentiana makinoi f. stenophylla Toyok.; J. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ., ser. 5, Bot. 7: 238 (1963)

species :

Gentiana manshurica Kitag.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 48: 103 (1934)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye); China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Zhejiang); Taiwan

31 RFE 36 CHI 38 TAI

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana scabra f. levis Pamp.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 17: 693 (1910)

species :

Gentiana meiantha (C.B.Clarke) Harry Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 26: 248 (1965)

Distribution: W-Nepal; N-India (Sikkim)

40 IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana ornata var. meiantha C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 116 (1883)

species :

Gentiana melandriifolia Franch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 129 (1890)

Distribution: China (C-Yunnan, NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Monopodiae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentianodes melandriifolia (Franch. ex Hemsl.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

species :

Gentiana membranulifera T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38(1): 10 (2000), nom. nov.

Distribution: Pakistan (Chitral, Hazara, Karakorum, Gilgit, Baltistan); Nepal; Bhutan; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Poonch)

40 BHU IND NEP PAK

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ericoila marginata D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 192 (1837)

= Gentiana carinata var. marginata C.B.Clarke; (1883)

= Gentiana marginata (D.Don ex G.Don) Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 275 (1838), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana marginata subsp. nasirii (Omer, Ali & Qaiser) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 36 (1995)

= Gentianodes eumarginata Omer; Fl. Pakistan, 197: 56 (1995) (nom. nov.)

= Gentianodes eumarginata var. harrissii (Omer, Ali & Qaiser) Omer; Fl. Pakistan, 197: 59 (1995)

= Gentianodes eumarginata var. scabromarginata Omer; Fl. Pakistan, 197: 59 (1995)

= Gentianodes marginata (D.Don ex G.Don) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 9 (1988)

= Gentianodes marginata var. harrissii Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 10 (1988)

= Gentianodes nasirii Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20: 10 (1988)

= Varasia marginata (D.Don ex G.Don) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

variant :

var. intermedia (C.B.Clarke) T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38(1): 11 (2000)

Distribution: N-Pakistan (Astor, Deosai, Gilgit, Swat); Nepal; N-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Poonch, Zanskar)

40 IND NEP PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana carinata var. intermedia C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 113 (1883)

= Gentiana marginata var. recurvata Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 425 (1904)

= Gentiana membranulifera var. recurvata (Kusn.) T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38(1): 11 (2000)

= Gentianodes intermedia (C.B.Clarke) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 14 (1988)

species :

Gentiana micans C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 112 (1883)

subspecies :

subsp. micans

Distribution: SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, West Bengal, Chumbi)

36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana micans var. latifolia T.N.Ho; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 58 (1993)

= Gentiana sororcula Burkill; J. Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 2: 315 (1906)

= Varasia micans (C.B.Clarke) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

subspecies :

subsp. kwansiensis (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 44 (1995)

Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana kwansiensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 23 (1984)

species :

Gentiana micantiformis Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 315 (1906)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, Qinghai); S- & SE-Tibet; Bhutan; N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana micrantha Aitch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 19: 177 (1882)

Distribution: Pakistan (Kurram)

40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Kurramiana micrantha (Aitch. & Hemsl.) Omer & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 24(1): 103 (1992)

species :

Gentiana microdonta Franch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 130 (1890)

subspecies :

subsp. microdonta

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Frigidae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentianodes microdonta (Franch. ex Hemsl.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

= Gentiana trichotoma var. albescens C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 59 (1928)

subspecies :

subsp. omeiensis (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 23 (1995)

Distribution: China (S-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana omeiensis T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23: 49 (1985)

subspecies :

subsp. phyllopoda (H.Lév.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 23 (1995)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NE-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana phyllopoda H.Lév.; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 25: 21 (1915)

species :

Gentiana microphyta Franch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 130 (1890)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); Nepal; NE-Myanmar

36 CHI 40 NEP 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana mirandae Paray; Bol. Soc. Bot. Mexico, No. 21, 15 (1957)

Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Veracruz)

79 MEX

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

species :

Gentiana moniliformis C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 86 (1931)

Distribution: China (W-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana mopanshanensis Huan C.Wang & Tao Chen bis; PhytoKeys 239: 217 (2024)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Gentiana muscicola C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 189 (1937)

subspecies :

subsp. muscicola

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; NE-Myanmar

36 CHI TIB 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

subspecies :

subsp. lacinulata (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 35 (1995)

Distribution: SE-Tibet

36 TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana lacinulata T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 18 (1984)

species :

Gentiana myrioclada Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 487 (1896)

Distribution: China (E-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

variant :

var. wuxiensis T.N.Ho & S.W.Liu; Novon 4(4): 370 (1994)

Distribution: China (E-Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Gentiana namlaensis C.Marquand; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 48: 205 (1929)

Distribution: SE-Tibet

36 TIB

Remarks: Sect. Isomeria

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana monochroa T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(1): 49 (1985)

= Gentiana sherriffii C.Marquand; New Flora & Silva 9: 254 (1937)

species :

Gentiana nanobella C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 53 (1928)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana aphrosperma Harry Sm.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 133 (1937)

species :

Gentiana newberryi A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 84 (1876)

subspecies :

subsp. newberryi

Name: Alpine gentian

Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)

73 USA 76 USA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana newberryi (A.Gray) Arthur; Torreya 22: 30 (1922)

= Gentiana calycosa A.Gray; Pacif. Railr. Rep. Williamson & Abbot, Bot. 6(3

= Gentiana copelandii Eastw.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. ser. 4, 20(5): 150 (-151) (1931), non Elmer (1915)

= Pneumonanthe newberryi (A.Gray) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)

subspecies :

subsp. tiogana (A.Heller) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 21 (1995)

Name: Tioga gentian

Distribution: USA (California, Nevada)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana newberryi var. tiogana (A.Heller) J.S.Pringle; Sida 14(2): 186 (1990)

= Gentiana tiogana A.Heller; Leafl. West. Bot. 2: 221 (1940)

= Pneumonanthe newberryi var. tiogana (A.Heller) D.W.Taylor; Fl. Yosemite Sierra 373 (2010)

species :

Gentiana nipponica Maxim.; Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 32: 507 (1888)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kuril Isl., Sakhalin); South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)

31 RFE 38 JAP KOR

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis nipponica (Maxim.) Zuev; Konspekt Fl. Aziatsk. Rossii 365 (2012)

= Gentiana makinoi H.Lév. & Vaniot; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53: 649 (1906) (non Kusn.)

= Gentiana nipponica var. robusta H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 21: 19 (1947)

= Varasia nipponica (Maxim.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana nivalis L.; Sp. Pl. 229 (1753)

Name: Schnee-Enzian (DE), Snow gentian (EN)

Distribution: Iceland; England; Scotland; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; N-Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; ?Albania; Romania; W-Bulgaria; N-European Russia; NW-Ukraine; Siberia (W-Siberia); Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (NE-Anatolia); Greenland; Canada (Labrador, Québec)

10 FIN GRB ICE NOR SWE 11 AUT GER LIE POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 RUS UKR 30 SIB 33 ARM AZE GEO 34 TUR 70 GNL 72 CDN

Remarks: Sect. Calathianae

Synonyms: hidden

= Calathiana nivalis (L.) Delarbre; Fl. Auv. ed. II. 1: 28 (1800)

= Chiophila nivalis (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 23 (1837)

= Ericala nivalis (L.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 336 (1821)

= Ericoila carpathica (Kit. ex Schult.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 190 (1837)

= Ericoila nivalis (L.) Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 27 (1796)

= Gentiana aquatica Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 425 (1831) (non L. 1753)

= Gentiana carpathica Kit. ex Schult.; Oestr. Fl., ed. 2, 1: 443 (1814)

= Gentiana humilis Rochel; Pl. Banat. Rar. 61, f. 47 (1828) (non Steven 1812)

= Gentiana minima Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauph. 2: 528 (1787)

= Gentiana nivalis f. flavida (Murr) Hegi; 2026 (1927)

= Gentiana nivalis f. pygmaea Lebert; 27 (1834)

= Gentiana nivalis f. reducta Bolzon; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1910: 70 (1910)

= Gentiana nivalis subf. reducta (Bolzon) Bolzon; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 21: 196 (1914)

= Gentiana nivalis var. albiflora Lange; Meddel. Grønland 3: 265 (1887)

= Gentiana nivalis var. brevifolia Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 266 (1908)

= Gentiana nivalis var. uniflora Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 287 (1828)

= Hippion nivale (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10, 18 (1796)

= Lexipyretum nivale (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 450 (1867)

species :

Gentiana nubigena Edgew.; Trans. Linn. Soc. 20: 85 (1846)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai, W-Sichuan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Kumaon, Ladakh, Rupshu, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Chumbi); Myanmar (Chin)

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Frigidae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana algida var. nubigena (Edgew.) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 266 (1898)

= Gentiana algida var. przewalskii (Maxim.) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 265 (1898)

= Gentiana przewalskii Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Petersb. 27: 502 (1881)

= Gentianodes algida var. nubigena (Edgew.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 16 (1988)

species :

Gentiana nudicaulis Kurz; J. As. Soc. Beng. 42(2): 235 (1873)

subspecies :

subsp. nudicaulis

Distribution: NE-India (Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim); Myanmar (Chin)

40 IND 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Varasia nudicaulis (Kurz) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

subspecies :

subsp. lakshnakarae (Kerr) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov. Seei. Nat. 3(1): 36 (1995)

Distribution: NE-Thailand

41 THA

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana hesseliana var. lakshnakarae (Kerr) Toyok.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 32(1-4): 42 (1981)

= Gentiana lakshnakarae Kerr; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1940: 182 (1940)

subspecies :

subsp. ting-nung-hoae (Halda) T.N.Ho; A Worldwide Monograph of Gentiana: 392 (2001)

Distribution: Cambodia

41 CBD

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana ting-nung-hoae Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 36 (1995)

species :

Gentiana nyalamensis T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(1): 46 (1985)

Distribution: S-Tibet; Bhutan

36 TIB 40 BHU

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

variant :

var. parviflora T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(1): 46 (1985)

Distribution: S-Tibet

36 TIB

species :

Gentiana obconica T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(1): 45 (1985)

Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; W-Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, Chumbi)

36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

species :

Gentiana officinalis Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 979 (1936)

Distribution: China (S-Gansu, SE-Qinghai, ?S-Shaanxi, N-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana gannanensis Y.Wang & Z.C.Lou; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 26(6): 461 (1988)

= Gentiana macrophylla var. albolutea H.Limpr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 12: 466 (1922)

species :

Gentiana olgae Regel ex Schmalh.; Regel, Pl. Nov. Fedsch. 55 (1882)

Distribution: Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (N-Xinjiang)

32 KGZ TZK UZB 36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana grombczewskii Kusn.; Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 35: 349 (1894), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 167 (1894)

= Gentiana renardii Regel; Trautv. Regel, Maxim. & Winkl. Decas. Pl. Nov. 7 (1882)

= Tretorhiza grombczewskii (Kusn.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ.1980)

= Tretorhiza olgae (Regel & Schmalh.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana oligophylla Harry Sm.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 130 (1937)

Distribution: China (Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, E-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana olivieri Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 278 (1838)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Armenia; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Badghys, Baghlan, Balkh, Bamyan, Farah, Faryab, Ghazni, Herat, Kabul, Logar, Wardak, Parwan, Samangan, Takhar); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira); China (Xinjiang); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Quetta, Chitral, Drosh)

32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM 34 AFG IRN IRQ SYR TUR 36 CHI 40 PAK

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana olivieri (Griseb.) Zuev; (1992)

= Gentiana olivieri var. aucheri Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 110 (1845)

= Gentiana regeliana Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 60 (1918)

= Gentiana weschniakowii Regel; Act. Hort. Petrop. 8: 687 (1884)

= Gentianodes olivieri (Griseb.) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 18 (1988)

= Tretorhiza olivieri (Griseb.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana orbicularis Schur; Verh. Siebenb. Ver. Naturw. 3: 88 (1852)

Name: Rundblättriger Enzian (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Slovakia; SE-France; N-Italy; Slovenia; Romania; Turkey (Inner Anatolia)

11 AUT GER LIE SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA ROM SLV 34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Calathiana orbicularis (Schur) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 169 (1973)

= Gentiana brachyphylla subsp. favratii (Rittener) Tutin; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 378 (1971)

= Gentiana brachyphylla var. subacaulis Gremli; Neue Beitr. Fl. Schweiz 4: 22 (1887)

= Gentiana favratii (Rittener) Favrat; Bull. Murith. Soc. Valais. Sci. Nat. 13-15: 62 (1887)

= Gentiana verna subsp. favratii (Rittener) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 858 (1938)

= Gentiana verna var. favratii Rittener; Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat. 22: 198, t. 53 ff. 1-2 (1887)

= Gentiana verna var. hinterhuberi F.W.Schultz; A. Sauter, Fl. Herzogth. Salzburg 2: 73 (1879)

species :

Gentiana oreocharis Halda & Jurásek; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 19(3-4): 69 (2012)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Gentiana oreodoxa Harry Sm.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. 63: 99 (1926)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan, SW-Sichuan); SE-Tibet; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim); NE-Myanmar

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana sino-ornata var. punctata C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 84 (1931)

species :

Gentiana ornata (Wall. ex G.Don) Griseb.; Gen. & Sp. Gent. 277 (1839), descr.

Distribution: S-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim); NE-Myanmar

36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana ornata Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 4386 (1831) (nomen)

= Gentianodes ornata (D.Don) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125: 257 (1972), no basionym ref.

= Pneumonanthe ornata Wall. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 194 (1837)

species :

Gentiana ovatiloba Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 60 (1893)

subspecies :

subsp. ovatiloba

Distribution: Mexico (Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Mexico State, Michoacan, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Veracruz); Guatemala

79 MEX 80 GUA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana caespitosa M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Brux. 11: I. (1844) 370 (non Willd. ex Schult. 1819)

= Gentiana guatemalensis Standl. & Steyerm.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23: 75 (1944)

= Gentiana lewisiae Standl. & Steyerm.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23: 76 (1944)

subspecies :

subsp. chazaroi (Iltis) T.N.Ho; A Worldwide Monograph of Gentiana: 298 (2001)

Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Sinaloa)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana chazaroi Iltis; Acta Bot. Mex. 26: 1 (1994)

subspecies :

subsp. michoacana Villarreal; Acta Bot. Mex. 41: 27 (1997)

Distribution: Mexico (Michoacan)

79 MEX

species :

Gentiana pachyphylla Merr.; Not. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. No. 47, 7 (1940)

Distribution: N-Sumatra

42 SUM

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana pannonica Scop.; Fl. Carn. ed. 2, 1: 182 (1771)

Name: Braunvioletter Enzian, "Ungarn"-Enzian (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern); NE-Switzerland; Austria; SW-Czech Republic; Italy; Slovenia

11 AUT CZE GER SWI 13 ITA SLV

Remarks: Sect. Lutea

Synonyms: hidden

= Coilantha pannonica (Scop.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 185 (1837)

= Gentiana pannonica var. ronnigeri Dörfl.; (1897)

= Gentiana pannonica var. semifida (Hoffmanns.) Rchb.; XLI (1833)

= Gentiana punctata Jacq.; Observ. Bot. 2: 17 (1767), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana punctata subsp. pannonica (Scop.) Bonnier; Bonnier & R. C. V. Douin, 114 (1924)

= Gentiana purpurea Schrank; Baier. Fl. 1: 509 (1789), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana purpurea var. pannonica (Scop.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 275 (1828)

= Gentiana semifida Hoffmanns. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 1: 428 (1831)

= Pneumonanthe pannonica (Scop.) F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 9 (1796)

species :

Gentiana panthaica Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 313 (1906)

Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana reynieri H.Lév.; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 25: 22 (1915)

= Gentiana robustior Burkill ex Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 7: 196 (1912)

= Gentianella robustior (Burkill ex Diels) Holub; Folia Geobot. & Phytotax. Praha 2: 118 (1967)

variant :

var. epichysantha (Hand.-Mazz.) Harry Sm.; Symb. Sin. 7: 966 (1936)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan, SW-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana dentiformis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 20 (1984)

= Gentiana epichysantha Hand.-Mazz.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien 57: 173 (1920)

species :

Gentiana papillosa Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 31: 374 (1884)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, C-Yunnan, NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana paradoxa Albov; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 3: 230 (1894), et Prodr. Fl. Colch. 173 (1895)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO NCS

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana paradoxa (Albov) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Gentiana rhodocalyx Kolak.; Trans. Sukhumi Bot. Gard., Fasc. 8, 401 (1955)

= Gentiana vittae Kolak.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 15: 19 (1953)

= Kudoa paradoxa (Albov) Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 23: 205 (1933)

species :

Gentiana parryae C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 86 (1931) (non Engelm. 1863)

Distribution: India (Assam, Mizoram)

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana nudicaulis var. assamensis T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38(1): 11 (2000), nom. nov.

species :

Gentiana parryi Engelm.; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 2: 218. t. 10 (1863)

Name: Parry´s gentian

Distribution: USA (Colorado, Utah, Wyoming)

73 USA 76 USA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana parryi (Engelm.) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 149 (1906)

= Gentiana bracteosa Greene; Pittonia 4: 180 (1900)

= Gentiana parryi var. bracteosa A.Nelson; Coult. & Nels., Man. Bot. Rocky Mt., ed. 2: 382 (1909)

= Pneumonanthe bracteosa (Greene) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)

= Pneumonanthe parryi (Engelm.) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)

species :

Gentiana parvula Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 961 (1936)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana pedata Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 967 (1936)

subspecies :

subsp. pedata

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NE-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

subspecies :

subsp. xingrenensis (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 36 (1995)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana xingrenensis T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 370 (1994)

species :

Gentiana pedicellata (Wall. ex D.Don) Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent. 273 (1838)

subspecies :

subsp. pedicellata

Distribution: China (W-Yunnan, Guizhou); SW-Tibet; Pakistan (Chitral, Swat, Hazara); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); N-Myanmar (Kachin); N-Thailand; Laos

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 LAO MYA THA

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ericoila pedicellata D.Don; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 514 (1837)

= Ericoila procumbens D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 192 (1837)

= Gentiana orbiculata B.Heyne ex Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 4395 (1831), nom. inval.

= Gentiana pedicellata var. orbiculata C.B.Clarke; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 435 (1875)

= Gentiana pedicellata var. wallichii Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 402 (1898)

= Gentiana pedicellata Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 4394 (1830), nomen

= Gentiana pumila Griff.; Ic. Pl. Asiat.: t. 384 (1854), nom. illeg., non Gouan

= Gentiana quadrifaria var. pilosula C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 112 (1883)

= Gentianodes pedicellata (Wall. ex D.Don) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 14 (1988)

subspecies :

subsp. glabriuscula (Harry Sm. ex T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 38 (1995)

Distribution: S-Tibet; Bhutan

36 TIB 40 BHU

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana glabriuscula Harry Sm. ex T.N.Ho; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 58 (1993)

subspecies :

subsp. zeylanica (Griseb.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 38 (1995)

Distribution: S-India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka

40 IND SRL

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana quadrifaria var. zeylanica (Griseb.) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S. Peterburgsk Bot. Sada 15: 403 (1904)

= Gentiana zeylanica Griseb.; Gen. et Sp. Gent. 274 (1839)

species :

Gentiana penetii (Litard. & Maire) Romo; Lagascalia, 15(Extra): 288 (1988)

Distribution: Morocco (High Atlas)

20 MOR

Remarks: Sect. Calathianae. Often included in G. sierrae

Synonyms: hidden

= Calathiana penetii (Litard. & Maire) Holub; Preslia 70(2): 101 (1998)

= Gentiana verna subsp. penetii Litard. & Maire; Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 4: 14 (1924)

species :

Gentiana pennelliana Fernald; Rhodora 42: 198 (1940)

Name: Wiregrass gentian

Distribution: USA (Florida)

78 USA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe. Often included as subspecies in G. autumnalis

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana tenuifolia (Raf.) Pennell; Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 46: 183 (1919)

= Diploma tenuifolia Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 27 (1837)

= Gentiana angustifolia var. australis Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 114 (1845)

= Gentiana angustifolia var. floridana Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent. 291 (1839)

= Gentiana autumnalis subsp. pennelliana (Fernald) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov. Sect. Not. 3(1): 18 (1995)

= Gentiana frigida var. drummondii Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 111 (1845)

= Gentiana tenuifolia (Raf.) Fernald; Rhodora 41: 557 (1939), nom. illeg.

species :

Gentiana perpusilla Brandegee; Zoe 5: 181 (1904)

Distribution: Mexico (Mexico State, Veracruz)

79 MEX

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana phyllocalyx C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 116 (1883)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim); N-Myanmar

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Phyllocalyx

species :

Gentiana piasezkii Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Petersb. 26: 498 (1880)

Distribution: China (SE-Gansu, N-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Varasia piasezkii (Maxim.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Gentiana piasezkii subsp. pubicaulis (Harry Sm.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 41 (1995)

= Gentiana pubicaulis Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 960 (1936)

species :

Gentiana picta Franch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 131 (1890)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Microsperma

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentianodes picta (Franch. ex Hemsl.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

species :

Gentiana platypetala Griseb.; Hook., Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 58 (1837)

Name: Broadpetal gentian

Distribution: Alaska (incl. Sitka Isl.); Canada (British Columbia)

70 ASK 71 CDN

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana covillei A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.; Bot. Gaz. 65: 65 (1918)

= Pneumonanthe platypetala (Griseb.) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)

species :

Gentiana plurisetosa C.T.Mason; Madroño 37(4): 289 (1990 publ. 1991)

Name: Bristly gentian

Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)

73 USA 76 USA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

species :

Gentiana pneumonanthe L.; Sp. Pl. 228 (1753)

Name: Lungen-Enzian (DE)

Distribution: England; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Netherlands; Belgium; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; ?Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); N-Kazakhstan; Georgia [Caucasus]; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia

10 DEN GRB NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE NET POL SLO SWI 12 FRA POR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ 33 ARM GEO

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis pneumonanthe (L.) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 26 (1796)

= Ciminalis pseudopneumonanthe Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Gentian.): 11 (1824)

= Ciminalis vulgaris Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Gentian.): 10 (1824)

= Dasystephana pneumonanthe (L.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Dasystephana pneumonanthe (L.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 75(9): 1300 (1990), isonym

= Gentiana adrianii Sennen & Elías; Bol. Soc. Ibér. Ci. Nat. 29: 38 (1930)

= Gentiana conae Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 18 (1995) (nom. nov. superfl. for subsp. depressa)

= Gentiana depressa Bourg. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 3: 499 (1881)

= Gentiana linearifolia Lam.; Fl. Fr. 2: 298 (1778)

= Gentiana linifolia Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 137 (1796)

= Gentiana macrocarpophora St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 126 (1880)

= Gentiana manginii Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 73: 658 (1926 publ. 1927)

= Gentiana nopcsae Jáv.; Bot. Közlem. 19: 28 (1921)

= Gentiana palustris St.-Lag.; A. Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8 2: 584 (1889), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana pneumonanthe f. albiflora (Murr) Hegi; 2001 (1927)

= Gentiana pneumonanthe f. diffusa (Griseb.) Bolzon; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 20: 313 (1913)

= Gentiana pneumonanthe f. roseiflora (Zinserl.) Hegi; 2001 (1927)

= Gentiana pneumonanthe subsp. depressa (Boiss.) Malag.; Las Subesp. y Variac. Geogr.: 13 (1973), without basionym date

= Gentiana pneumonanthe subsp. depressa (Boiss.) Rivas Mart.et al.; Rivasgodaya 6: 35 (1991)

= Gentiana pneumonanthe subsp. nopscae (Jáv.) Wraber; Biol. Vestn. 38(3): 42 (1990)

= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. aloyana Merino; Fl. Galicia 2: 13 (1906)

= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. ascendens F.W.Schmidt ex Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 251 (1809)

= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. boryana Webb; Iter Hispan.: 28 (1838)

= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. depressa Boiss.; Elench. Pl. Nov.: 64 (1838)

= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. diffusa Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 282 (1839)

= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. elliptica Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig: 258 (1830)

= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. humilior Roth; Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 796 (1827)

= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. latifolia Lecoq & Lamotte; Cat. Pl. Plateau Central: 271 (1847)

= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. minor Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 276 (1804)

= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. nutans Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig: 258 (1830)

= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. queipoi Merino; Fl. Galicia 3: 569 (1909)

= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. reyesii Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 8: 130 (1909)

= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. roseiflora Zinserl.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R. S. F. S. R. 4(23-24): 192 (1923)

= Gentiana pneumonanthoides Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 457 (1866)

= Gentiana pneumonanthoides Wender.; Schrift. Ges. Bef. Gesammt. Naturw. Marb. 2: 249 (1831) ex Steud., Nom. ed. II. 1: 675 (1840)

= Gentiana reyesii Sennen & Elías; Bol. Soc. Ibér. Ci. Nat. 29: 38 (1930)

= Gentianusa pneumonanthe (L.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 251 (1809)

= Lexipyretum pneumonanthe (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 451 (1867)

= Pneumonanthe angustifolia Gilib.; Fl. Lithuan. 1: 84 (1781), opus utique oppr.

= Pneumonanthe ascendens F.W.Schmidt ex Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 251 (1809), nom. inval.

= Pneumonanthe minor Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 28 (1837)

= Pneumonanthe vulgaris (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)

= Tretorrhiza pneumonanthe (L.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; (1986)

species :

Gentiana praeclara C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 54 (1928)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Microsperma

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentianodes praeclara (C.Marquand) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125: 257 (1972)

species :

Gentiana praticola Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 489 (1896)

subspecies :

subsp. praticola

Distribution: China (Guizhou, Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana congestiflora Marquand ex Wilkie; Gentians, 151 (1936), nomen subnud.

subspecies :

subsp. greenwayae (Merr.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 48 (1995)

Distribution: Thailand; Vietnam

41 THA VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana greenwayae Merr.; J. Arnold Arbor. 21: 382 (1940)

species :

Gentiana prattii Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 63 (1893), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 245 (1894)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Varasia prattii (Kusn.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana pringlei M.Shabir, P.Agnihotri, J.K.Tiwari & T.Husain; Taiwania 63(4): 356 (2018)

Distribution: NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)

40 IND

species :

Gentiana producta T.N.Ho; Bull. Bot. Res. North-East. Forest. Inst. 4(1): 80 (1984)

Distribution: China (S-Qinghai, N-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa

species :

Gentiana prolata Balf.f.; Trans. Bot. Soc. Edin. 27: 266 (1918)

Distribution: SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, Chumbi, Assam)

36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

species :

Gentiana prostrata Haenke; Jacq., Collect. Bot. 2: 66 (1789)

subspecies :

subsp. prostrata

Name: Niederliegender Enzian (DE), Pygmy gentian (EN)

Distribution: Switzerland; Austria; NE-Italy; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Magadan); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Azerbaijan; Iran (SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Baghlan, Bamyan, Parwan, Takhar); China (Xinjiang); Mongolia; NE-Pakistan (Karakorum); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand); Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Northern Territories, Yukon); USA (California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Wyoming)

11 AUT SWI 13 ITA 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK 33 AZE 34 AFG IRN 36 CHI 37 MON 40 IND PAK 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa

Synonyms: hidden

= Chondrophylla americana (Engelm.) A.Nelson; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 31: 245 (1904)

= Chondrophylla prostrata (Haenke) J.P.Anderson; Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci. 25: 445 (1918)

= Ciminalis prostrata (Haenke) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128(4): 517 (1975 publ. 1976)

= Ericala prostrata (Haenke) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 190 (1837)

= Ericoila prostrata (Haenke) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 27 (1796)

= Gentiana prostrata subsp. americana (Engelm.) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 20 (1982)

= Gentiana prostrata var. affghanica Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 370 (1904)

= Gentiana prostrata var. americana Engelm.; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 2: 217, tab. 9, fig. 10-15 (1863)

= Gentianusa flava Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 254 (1809)

= Hippion imbricatum F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boem. 1: 18 (1793)

= Hippion prostratum (Haenke) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 11 (1796)

= Hippion pumilum F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10, 17 (1796)

= Varasia prostrata (Haenke) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

variant :

var. crenulatotruncata C.Marquand; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 48: 205 (1929)

Distribution: SE-Tibet

36 TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana crenulatotruncata (C.Marquand) T.N.Ho; Fl. Xizangica 3: 962 (1986)

= Gentiana crenulatotruncata var. flava S.K.Wu & R.F.Huang; S. G. Wu (S. K. Wu) & Z. J. Feng (eds.), Biol. & Human Physiol. Hoh Xil Region: 74 (1996)

= Gentiana prostrata var. bilobata C.Marquand; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 48: 205 (1929)

variant :

var. karelinii (Griseb.) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 368 (1904)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai); Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (N-Xinjiang); Mongolia; NE-Pakistan (Karakorum); Nepal; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim)

30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 36 CHI 37 MON 40 IND NEP PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis karelinii (Griseb.) Omer; Edinburgh J. Bot. 50(1): 67 (1993), isonym

= Ciminalis karelinii (Griseb.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 75: 1302 (1990)

= Gentiana aquatica var. karelinii (Griseb.) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 110 (1883)

= Gentiana karelinii Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 106 (1845)

= Gentiana longipes Turcz.; Vestn. Estestv. Nauk Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir. 1860: 1246 (1860)

= Gentiana variabilis Rupr.; Osten & Rupr., Sert. Tiansch.: 60 (1869)

= Varasia karelinii (Griseb.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

variant :

var. ludlowii (C.Marquand) T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 371 (1994)

Distribution: China (W-Qinghai); S-Tibet; Nepal

36 CHI TIB 40 NEP

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana ludlowii C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 189 (1937)

variant :

var. pudica (Maxim.) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 370 (1898)

Distribution: China (N-Sichuan, Qinghai, Gansu, Shanxi)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana pudica Maxim.; Mel. Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Petersbourg 10: 677 (1880)

subspecies :

subsp. nutans (Bunge) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 33 (1995)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai); Kazakhstan; Mongolia

30 SIB 32 KAZ 37 MON

Synonyms: hidden

= Chondrophylla nutans (Bunge) W.A.Weber; Phytologia 58(6): 383 (1985)

= Ericoila nutans (Bunge) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 192 (1837)

= Gentiana nutans Bunge; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 1: 232 (1829)

= Varasia nutans (Bunge) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana pseudosquarrosa Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 963 (1936)

subspecies :

subsp. pseudosquarrosa

Distribution: China (SW-Qinghai, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

subspecies :

subsp. ludingensis (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 41 (1995)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana ludingensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 29 (1984)

species :

Gentiana puberulenta J.S.Pringle; Rhodora 68: 213 (1966)

Name: Downy gentian

Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, Ontario, Saskatchewan); USA (Arkansas, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Tennessee, Wisconsin, West Virginia)

71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana linearis Alph.Wood; Amer. Bot. Fl.: 268 (1870), nom. illeg.

species :

Gentiana pubigera C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 59 (1928)

subspecies :

subsp. pubigera

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana puberula Franch.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 132 (1890), nom. illeg. nec Michx. (1803)

variant :

var. glabrescens Harry Sm.; Symb. Sin. 7: 961 (1936)

Distribution: China (S-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana ninglangensis var. glabrescens (Harry Sm.) T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 371 (1994)

subspecies :

subsp. ninglangensis (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 40, 44 (1995)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana ninglangensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 37 (1984)

subspecies :

subsp. pubiflora (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 40, 44 (1995)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana pubiflora T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 36 (1984)

species :

Gentiana pulvinarum W.W.Sm.; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 7: 77 (1911)

subspecies :

subsp. pulvinarum

Distribution: Nepal; N-India (Sikkim)

40 IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana pentasticta Marquand; J. Roy. Hort. Soc. 57: 211 (1932)

subspecies :

subsp. subtilis (Harry Sm.) T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 371 (1994)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana subtilis Harry Sm.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. 63: 103 (1926)

species :

Gentiana pumila Jacq.; Enum. Stirp. Vindob. 41, 215 (1762)

subspecies :

subsp. pumila

Distribution: Austria; NE-Italy; Slovenia

11 AUT 13 ITA SLV

Remarks: Sect. Calathianae

Synonyms: hidden

= Calathiana pumila (Jacq.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 169 (1973)

= Ericala pumila (Jacq.) G.Don; Gen. Syst. 4: 189 (1796)

= Ericoila pumila (Jacq.) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 27 (1796)

= Erythraea pumila (Jacq.) Grande; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 31: 133 (1924), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana imbricata Willk.; Exsicc. (Pl. Hisp.) 1850: no. 290 (1850), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana verna subsp. pumila (Jacq.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 473 (1882)

= Gentiana verna subsp. pumila (Jacq.) Malag.; Las Subesp. y Variac. Geogr.: 13 (1973), without basionym date

= Gonipia pumila (Jacq.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 24 (1837)

= Ricoila pumila (Jacq.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 23 (1837)

subspecies :

subsp. delphinensis (Beauverd) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. Fr. 857 (1938)

Distribution: France; ?Italy (SW-Alps, E-Pyrenees)

12 FRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Calathiana delphinensis (Beauverd) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 9(3): 272 (1974)

= Calathiana verna subsp. delphinensis (Beauverd) Holub; Preslia 70(2): 101 (1998)

= Gentiana delphinensis Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, sér. 2, 25: 314 (1932-1933 publ. 1934)

= Gentiana pumila Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauph. 2: 527 (1787), non Jacq.

= Gentiana verna subsp. delphinensis (Beauverd) Kunz; Exsicc. Genav. Conserv. Bot. Distrib. Fasc. 2: 23 (1971)

= Gentiana verna var. villarsiana Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 264 (1908)

species :

Gentiana pumilio Standl. & Steyerm.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23: 76 (1944)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas); Guatemala

79 MEX 80 GUA

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana punctata L.; Sp. Pl. 227 (1753)

Name: Tüpfel-Enzian, Punktierter Enzian (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; France; Italy; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; NW-Greece (very rare Mt. Grammos, Mt. Varnounda, Mt. Voras); W-Ukraine

11 AUT CZE GER LIE POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS NMA ROM SRB 14 UKR

Remarks: Sect. Lutea

Synonyms: hidden

= Coilantha campanulata (Jacq.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 185 (1837)

= Coilantha punctata (L.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 185 (1837)

= Dasystephana punctata (L.) Borkh.; Roem. Archiv 1: t. 26 (1796)

= Gentiana campanulata Jacq.; Fl. Austriac. [Jacquin] 5: 43 (1778)

= Gentiana immaculata Pers. ex Steud.; Syn. 1: 284 (1841)

= Gentiana punctata f. angustifolia Lebert; 42 (1834)

= Gentiana punctata f. concolor (W.D.J.Koch) Hegi; (1994 publ. 1927)

= Gentiana punctata f. latifolia Lebert; 42 (1834)

= Gentiana punctata f. purpurascens Vacc. & Melly; Melly, 54 (1906)

= Gentiana punctata var. campanulata (Jacq.) Rchb.; XLI (1833)

= Gentiana punctata var. concolor W.D.J.Koch; 487 (1837)

= Gentiana punctata var. purpurascens (Vacc. & Melly) Hegi; (1994 publ. 1927)

= Gentiana purpurea Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 2: 523 (1787), nom. illeg.

= Gentianusa punctata (L.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 249 (1809)

= Lexipyretum punctatum (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 451 (1867)

= Pneumonanthe campanulata (Jacq.) F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 9 (1796)

= Pneumonanthe campestris F.W.Schmidt ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 357 (1841), nom. inval.

= Pneumonanthe punctata (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 9 (1796)

species :

Gentiana purpurea L.; Sp. Pl. 227 (1753)

Name: Purpur-Enzian (DE)

Distribution: S-Norway; Germany (Baden-Württemberg [I], Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; France; Italy

10 NOR 11 AUT GER LIE SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA

Remarks: Sect. Lutea

Synonyms: hidden

= Coilantha purpurea (L.) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 25 (1796)

= Gentiana purpurea f. basifolia Lebert; 41 (1834)

= Gentiana purpurea f. caulifolia Lebert; 41 (1834)

= Gentiana purpurea f. flavida (Gremli) Braun-Blanq.; 1096 (1934)

= Gentiana purpurea var. lutea Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 275 (1828)

= Gentiana purpurea var. nana Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 297 (1839)

= Gentianusa purpurea (L.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 249 (1809)

= Pneumonanthe purpurea (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 9 (1796)

species :

Gentiana pyrenaica L.; Mantissa 55 (1767)

Distribution: NE-Spain (E-Pyrenees); Andorra; SW-France

12 ADO FRA SPA

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis pyrenaica (L.) Zuev; Turczaninowia 22(3): 146 (2019)

= Diploma pyrenaica (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 19 (1837)

= Ericala pyrenaica (L.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)

= Ericoila pyrenaica (L.) Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 27 (1796)

= Hippion pyrenaicum (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10, 14 (1796)

= Holubia pyrenaica (L.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; An. Inst. Bot. A. J. Cavanilles 32(2): 226 (1975), genus homonym

= Holubogentia pyrenaica (L.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 131(3): 385 (1978)

= Lexipyretum pyrenaicum (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 451 (1867)

= Varasia pyrenaica (L.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz.(Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana qiujiangensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 17 (1984)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana quadrifaria Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 847 (1826)

Distribution: Taiwan; India (Assam, Jammu & Kashmir, Kerala, Meghalaya, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Myanmar (Kachin, Mandalay); Laos; Philippines (Luzon, Negros, Mindanao); Java

38 TAI 40 IND 41 LAO MYA 42 JAW PHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ericoila orbiculata G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 193 (1837)

= Ericoila procumbens G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 192 (1837)

= Ericoila quadrifaria (Blume) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 190 (1837)

= Gentiana abscondita Zenker; Pl. Ind.: 11 (1835)

= Gentiana laxicaulis Zoll. & Moritzi; Nat. en Geneesk. Arch. Neerl. Indie 2: 568 (1845)

= Gentiana luzoniensis var. tarokensis (Chih H.Chen & J.C.Wang) T.N.Ho; A Worldwide Monograph of Gentiana: 344 (2001)

= Gentiana pedicellata var. wightii Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 401 (1904)

= Gentiana quadrifaria f. intermedia Hochr.; Candollea 2: 513 (1925)

= Gentiana quadrifaria var. wightii (Kusn.) T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38(1): 11 (2000)

= Gentiana tarokensis Chih H.Chen & J.C.Wang; Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. (Taipei) 40(1): 29 (1999)

= Varasia quadrifaria (Blume) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana querceticola Halda & Jurásek; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 19(3-4): 61 (2012)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Gentiana radiata C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 87 (1931)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana radicans Harry Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 26: 250 (1965)

Distribution: E-Nepal

40 NEP

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

species :

Gentiana ranae M.Shabir & M.D.Dwivedi; Rheedea 32(1): 4 (2022)

Distribution: N-India (Himachal Pradesh)

40 IND

species :

Gentiana recurvata C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 110 (1883)

subspecies :

subsp. recurvata

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; W-Nepal; N-India (Sikkim, Chumbi); NE-Myanmar

36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Varasia recurvata (C.B.Clarke) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

subspecies :

subsp. prainii (Burkill) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 40 (1995)

Distribution: S-Tibet; Bhutan; India (Sikkim)

36 TIB 40 BHU IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana gracilenta T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 32 (1984)

= Gentiana prainii Burkill; J. Bot. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 317 (1906)

species :

Gentiana rickii Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 6(3): 234 (1999)

Distribution: USA (Washington State)

73 USA

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Gentiana riparia Kar. & Kir.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou (1841) 706 [bis]

subspecies :

subsp. riparia

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); SE-Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Iran (SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Bamyan, Ghazni, Kunar / Nuristan, Logar, Paktia / Khost, Parwan); China (Gansu, Xinjiang); Tibet; Mongolia; Pakistan; NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim)

30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 40 IND PAK

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis riparia (Kar. & Kir.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 70(7): 921 (1985)

= Gentiana aquatica Froel.; Gentiana: 77 (1796), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana ledebourii Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 1: 425 (1831)

= Varasia riparia (Kar. & Kir.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

subspecies :

subsp. daochengensis (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 39 (1995)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana daochengensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 44 (1984)

species :

Gentiana robusta King ex Hook.f.; Ic. Pl. 15: 31, t. 1439 (1883)

Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; Nepal; N-India (Sikkim, Chumbi)

36 TIB 40 IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana lhaguensis F.K.Ward; Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 95: 263 (1934)

= Gentiana lhakangensis C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 184 (1937)

= Gentiana pharica Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 310 (1906)

= Gentiana tibetica var. robusta (King ex Hook.f.) Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 323 (1904)

species :

Gentiana rostanii Reut. ex Verlot; Cat. Pl. Dauph. 242 (1872)

Distribution: SE-France; NW-Italy

12 FRA 13 ITA

Remarks: Sect. Calathianae

Synonyms: hidden

= Calathiana rostanii (Reut. ex Verlot) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8: 170 (1973)

= Gentiana bavarica subsp. rostanii (Reut. ex Verlot) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 8: 858 (1938)

= Gentiana bavarica subsp. rostanii (Verl.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 263 (1908)

species :

Gentiana rubicunda Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 31: 373 (1884), et Nouv. Archiv. Mus. Paris, ser. II, 10: 62 (1888)

subspecies :

subsp. rubicunda

Distribution: China (SE-Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Jiangxi)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Varasia rubicunda (Franch.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Gentiana bodinieri H.Lév.; Bull. Geogr. Bot. 25: 22 (1915)

variant :

var. purpurata (Maxim. ex Kusn.) T.N.Ho; Fl. Reipubl. Pop. Sin. 62: 178 (1988)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana purpurata Maxim. ex Kusn.; Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 34: 506 (1892), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 251 (1894)

= Gentiana rubicunda subsp. purpurata (Maxim. ex Kusn.) Harry Sm.; (1936)

= Varasia purpurata (Maxim. ex Kusn.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

subspecies :

subsp. biloba (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 42 (1995)

Distribution: China (E-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana bellidifolia Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 486 (1896), nom. illeg., non Hook.f.

= Gentiana rubicunda var. bellidifolia C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 172 (1937)

= Gentiana rubicunda var. biloba T.N.Ho; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 62: 178 (1988)

subspecies :

subsp. delicata (Hance) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 42 (1995)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana delicata Hance; J. Bot. 21: 324 (1883)

= Gentiana rubicunda var. delicata (Hance) C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 172 (1937)

subspecies :

subsp. filisepala (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 42 (1995)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana filisepala T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 21 (1984)

subspecies :

subsp. samolifolia (Franch.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 42 (1995)

Distribution: China (W-Hubei, E-Sichuan, Hunan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana rubicunda var. samolifolia (Franch.) C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 172 (1937)

= Gentiana samolifolia Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 485 (1896)

species :

Gentiana rubricaulis Schwein.; Long, Exped. Winnep. 2: 384 (1824)

Name: Closed gentian

Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario); USA (Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin)

71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana grayi (Kusn.) Britton; Britton & Brown, Ill. Fl. Ed. 2, 3: 13 (1913)

= Gentiana grayi Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 59 (1893)

= Gentiana linearis f. rubricaulis (Schwein.) Louis-Marie; Rev. Oka Agron. Inst. Agric. 34: 11 (1960)

= Gentiana linearis subsp. rubricaulis (Schwein.) J.M.Gillett; Gentians Canada, Alaska Greenland 22 (1964)

= Gentiana linearis var. lanceolata A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 123 (1878)

= Gentiana linearis var. latifolia A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 22: 309 (1887)

= Gentiana linearis var. rubricaulis (Schwein.) MacMill.; Metasp. Minnesota Valley 419 (1892)

= Gentiana pneumonanthe var. rubricaulis (Schwein.) Alph.Wood; Class-book Bot., ed. 2a: 453 (1847)

species :

Gentiana saginoides Burkill; J. Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 2: 318 (1906)

Distribution: NW-India (Uttarakhand)

40 IND

species :

Gentiana saltuum C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 55 (1928)

Distribution: N-Myanmar

41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana saponaria L.; Sp. Pl. 228 (1753)

Name: Harvestbells

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia)

74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis saponaria (L.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Rostl. 1: Gentian. 11 (1823)

= Cuttera saponaria (L.) Raf.; Med. Repos. N. York 5: 352 (1808)

= Dasystephana cherokeensis W.P.Lemmon; Bartonia, No. 17, 4 (1935 publ. 1936)

= Dasystephana latifolia (Chapm.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 930 (1903)

= Dasystephana puberula (Michx.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 930 (1903) as to type, non sensu Small

= Dasystephana saponaria (L.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 930 (1903)

= Gentiana axillaris Raf.; Med. Fl. 1: 213 (1828), nom. illeg., non Poir. ex Lam.

= Gentiana cherokeensis (W.P.Lemmon) Fernald; Rhodora 41: 487 (1939)

= Gentiana collinsiana Raf.; Med. Fl. 1: 213 (1828)

= Gentiana elliottea Raf.; Med. Fl. 1: 212 (1828)

= Gentiana elliottii var. latifolia Chapm.; Fl. South. U.S.: 356 (1860)

= Gentiana fimbriata Vahl; Symb. Bot. 3: 46 (1794), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana gracilis Raf.; Med. Fl. 1: 213 (1828) non Nees

= Gentiana latifolia (Chapm.) Britton; Man. Fl. N. States, ed. 3: 1085 (1907), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana latifolia Britton; Man. Fl. N. States, ed. 3: 1085 (1907), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana ochroleuca Muhl.; Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept.: 29 (1813), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana puberula Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 176 (1803) as to type, non sensu Small

= Gentiana rigida Raf.; Med. Fl. 1: 212 (1828)

= Gentiana saponaria var. alba Regel; Gartenflora 29: 195 (1880)

= Gentiana saponaria var. allegheniensis Jenn.; Castanea 12: 57 (1947)

= Gentiana saponarifolia Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 2: 51 (1812)

= Gentiana scaberrima Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 13: 59 (1893)

= Gentiana shortiana Raf.; Med. Fl. 1: 211 (1828)

= Gentiana shortiana var. biflora Raf.; Med. Fl. 1: 211 (1828)

= Gentiana torreyana Raf.; Med. Fl. 1: 212 (1828)

= Pneumonanthe latifolia (Small) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)

= Pneumonanthe michauxii G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 194 (1837)

= Pneumonanthe puberula (Michx.) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)

= Pneumonanthe rigida (Raf.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 28 (1837)

= Pneumonanthe saponaria (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 68 (1796)

= Pneumonanthe torreyana (Raf.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 28 (1837)

= Xolemia collinsiana (Raf.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)

= Xolemia elliotea (Raf.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)

= Xolemia shortiana (Raf.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)

= Xolemia trachiloma Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)

species :

Gentiana sasidharanii K.M.P.Kumar & Sunil; Phytotaxa 443(3): 295 (2020)

Distribution: S-India (Kerala)

40 IND

species :

Gentiana satsunanensis T.Yamaz.; J. Jap. Bot. 77(1): 37 (2002)

Distribution: Ryukyu Isl.

38 NNS

species :

Gentiana scabra Bunge; Verz. Alt. 21 (1835)

Distribution: Siberia (Chita); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye); China (Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Nei Mongol, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangxi, Guangdong); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Kyushu); Taiwan

30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO TAI

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana scabra (Bunge) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Dasystephana scabra (Bunge) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 75(9): 1300 (1990), isonym

= Gentiana fortunei Hook.; Bot. Mag. 80: t. 4776 (1854)

= Gentiana iseana Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 4: 8 (1927)

= Gentiana scabra f. alborosea N.Yonez.; J. Phytogeogr. Taxon. 33: 81 (1985)

= Gentiana scabra f. latifolia Kusn.; Trudy S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Otd. Bot. 24: 74 (1894)

= Gentiana scabra subsp. australis M.Y.Liou; Bull. Bot. Res. North-East. Forest. Inst. 1(3): 68 (1981)

= Gentiana scabra var. bungeana Kusn.; Mélanges Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 15: 220 (1898)

= Gentiana scabra var. fortunei Maxim.; Mélanges Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 12: 759 (1888)

variant :

var. buergeri (Miq.) Maxim. ex Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 449 (1877)

Distribution: Japan (Kyushu)

38 JAP

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana buergeri Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 124 (1867)

= Gentiana saxatilis (Honda) Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 43: 191 (1929)

= Gentiana scabra f. angustifolia Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24: 78 (1894)

= Gentiana scabra f. procumbens Toyok.; J. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ., ser. 5, Bot. 7: 241 (1963)

= Gentiana scabra f. saxatilis (Honda) Masam.; Sci. Rep. Kanazawa Univ., Biol. 3: 322 (1955)

= Gentiana scabra f. stenophylla (H.Hara) Ohwi; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33: 83 (1953)

= Gentiana scabra f. stenophylla (H.Hara) W.K.Paik & W.Lee; Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 25(3): 21 (1995), isonym

= Gentiana scabra subvar. angustifolia Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 10: 313 (1896), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana scabra subvar. orientalis (H.Hara) Toyok.; J. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ., ser. 5, Bot. 7: 241 (1963)

= Gentiana scabra subvar. saxatilis Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 42: 508 (1928)

= Gentiana scabra var. intermedia Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 3, Otd. Bot. 24: 77 (1894)

= Gentiana scabra var. orientalis H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 133 (1948)

= Gentiana scabra var. stenophylla H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 134 (1948)

= Gentiana sino-ornata f. saxatilis (Honda) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46: 608 (1932)

= Gentiana subpetiolata Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 47: 434 (1933)

variant :

var. kitadakensis (N.Yonez.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 20 (1995)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu)

38 JAP

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana kitadakensis N.Yonez.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 40(1-4): 7 (1989)

= Gentiana scabra f. kitadakensis (N.Yonez.) Toyok.; Fl. Japan, 3a: 150 (1993)

= Gentiana scabra var. kitadakensis (N.Yonez.) T.Shimizu; Fl. Nagano Pref : 1509 (1997) (isonym)

species :

Gentiana scabrida Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 25: Art. 19, 168 (1908)

subspecies :

subsp. scabrida

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana scabrida var. punctulata S.S.Ying; Alp. Pl. Taiwan in Color 2: 215 (1978)

subspecies :

subsp. horaimontana (Masam.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 39, 42 (1995)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana horaimontana Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 26: 56 (1936)

= Gentiana scabrida var. horaimontana (Masam.) T.S.Liu & Chin C.Kuo; Bull. Exp. Forest Nation. Taiwan Univ., 114: 188 (1974)

subspecies :

subsp. itzershanensis (T.S.Liu & Chin C.Kuo) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 39, 43 (1995)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana itzershanensis T.S.Liu & Chin C.Kuo; Bull. Exp. Forest Nation. Taiwan Univ., 114: 181 (1974)

subspecies :

subsp. luzoniensis (Merr.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 39 (1995)

Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)

42 PHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana luzoniensis Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 1(Suppl.): 224 (1906)

species :

Gentiana sceptrum Griseb.; Hook., Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 57, t. 145 (1837)

Name: King´s scepter gentian

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Oregon, Washington State)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana menziesii (Griseb.) Arthur; Torreya, 1919 19: 49

= Gentiana menziesii Griseb.; Gen. et Sp. Gent. 292 (1837)

= Gentiana orfordii Howell; Fl. N. W. Amer. [Howell] 1: 446 (1901)

= Gentiana sceptrum var. cascadensis M.Peck; Leafl. W. Bot. 7: 186 (1954)

= Gentiana sceptrum var. humilis Engelm. ex A.Gray; Bot. California [W. H. Brewer] 1: 483 (1876)

= Pneumonanthe menziesii (Griseb.) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)

= Pneumonanthe sceptrum (Griseb.) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 71 (1904)

species :

Gentiana sedifolia Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 3: 173 (1819)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas); Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia; Venezuela (Merida, Trujillo); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia

79 MEX 80 COS PAN 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER

Remarks: sect. Dolichocarpa. Sometimes included in a broadly defined G. prostrata

Synonyms: hidden

= Ericoila sedifolia (Kunth) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)

= Gentiana casapaltensis (Ball) J.S.Pringle; Phytologia 48(4): 281 (1981)

= Gentiana cespitosa Willd. ex Schult.; Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 6: 185 (1820)

= Gentiana chimboracensis Willd. ex Schult.; Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 6: 185 (1820)

= Gentiana microphylla Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 105 (1845)

= Gentiana prostrata f. imbricata Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24: 230 (1894)

= Gentiana sedifolia f. acaulis Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 202 (1898)

= Gentiana sedifolia subvar. imbricata (Griseb.) Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 73 (1859)

= Gentiana sedifolia subvar. splendens Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 73 (1859)

= Gentiana sedifolia var. casapaltensis Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. (Bot.) 22: 49 (1885)

= Gentiana sedifolia var. compacta Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent. 270 (1839)

= Gentiana sedifolia var. elongata Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent. 270 (1838)

= Gentiana sedifolia var. grandiflora Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24(Bot.) 217 (1894)

= Gentiana sedifolia var. imbricata Griseb.; Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19(Suppl. 1): 47 (1843)

= Gentiana sedifolia var. lineata Phil.; Anales Mus. Nac., Santiago de Chile 1891: 52 (1891)

= Gentiana sedifolia var. micrantha Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 73 (1859)

= Gentiana sedifolia var. microphylla (Griseb.) Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 73 (1859)

= Gentiana sedifolia var. nana Kusn.; Trudy S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Otd. Bot. 24: 218 (1894)

= Varasia sedifolia (Kunth) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana septemfida Pall.; Fl. Ross. 1 2: 101, t. 92, f. 3 (1788)

subspecies :

subsp. septemfida

Name: Crested gentian

Distribution: ?Crimea; Siberia [I] (Altai [I], W-Siberia [I]); SE-Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran); China (Xinjiang); USA [I] (Illinois [I], Wisconsin [I])

30 sib 32 KAZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 36 CHI 74 usa

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis septemfida (Pall.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Rostl. 1: Gentian. 10 (1823)

= Dasystephana calycina (Boiss. & Hausskn.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Dasystephana freyniana (Bornm. ex Freyn) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Dasystephana septemfida (Pall.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Dasystephana septemfida (Pall.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. 75(9): 1300 (1990), isonym

= Eyrythalia septemfida (Pall.) Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 28 (1796)

= Gentiana calycina Boiss. & Hausskn.; Boiss., Fl. Orient. 4: 75 (1875), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana cordifolia K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 585 (1850)

= Gentiana fimbriiplica K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 584 (1850)

= Gentiana foliiformis Borbás; Termesz. Fuzet. 16: 51 (1893)

= Gentiana freyniana Bornm. ex Freyn; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 42: 345 (1892)

= Gentiana rossica Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 19 (1837), nom. superfl.

= Gentiana septemfida var. cordifolia Pall.; Fl. Ross. 1(2): 92 (1788)

= Pneumonanthe septemfida (Pall.) F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 9 (1796)

subspecies :

subsp. grossheimii (Doluch.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 20 (1995)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus

33 NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana grossheimii (Doluch.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Gentiana grossheimii Doluch.; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Tphilis. Fasc. 14, 51 (1948)

= Gentiana septemfida var. procumbens Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 4: 74 (1875)

subspecies :

subsp. kolakovskyi (Doluch.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 20 (1995)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana kolakovskyi (Doluch.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Gentiana kolakovskyi Doluch.; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Tphilis., Fasc. 14, 54 (1948)

= Gentiana kolakovskyi var. bzybica Doluch.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 14: 54 (1948)

= Gentiana kolakovskyi var. tetychensis Vorosch.; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada (Moscow) 83: 36 (1972)

= Gentiana paradoxa var. latifolia Albov; Prodr. Fl. Colchic.: 175 (1895)

= Gentiana septemfida var. diversifolia Albov; Prodr. Fl. Colchic.: 163 (1895)

subspecies :

subsp. overinii (Grossh.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 20 (1995)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus

33 NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana overinii (Kusn.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980), as ´owerinii´

= Gentiana cruciata var. overinii Kusn.; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 332 (1903)

= Gentiana overinii (Kusn.) Grossh.; Opred. Rast. Kavk.: 275 (1949)

species :

Gentiana setigera A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 84 (1876)

Name: Mendocino gentian

Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)

73 USA 76 USA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana bisetaea Howell; Fl. N. W. Amer. 1: 445 (1901)

= Pneumonanthe setigera (A.Gray) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)

species :

Gentiana shaanxiensis T.N.Ho; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 59 (1993)

Distribution: China (Shaanxi)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana sierrae Briq.; Candollea 4: 323 (1931)

Distribution: S-Spain (Sa. Nevada, Sa. de Baza)

12 SPA

Remarks: Sect. Calathianae

Synonyms: hidden

= Calathiana nevadensis (Soltok.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 169 (1973)

= Calathiana sierrae (Briq.) Holub; Preslia 70(2): 101 (1998)

= Gentiana nevadensis Soltok.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 51: 170 (1901), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana verna subsp. nevadensis (Soltok.) Soltok. ex Litard. & Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 4: 15 (1924), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana verna subsp. sierrae (Briq.) Rivas Mart., A.Asensi, Molero Mesa & F.Valle; Rivasgodaya 6: 35 (1991)

species :

Gentiana sikkimensis C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 114 (1883)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); S- & SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim); NE-Myanmar

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Isomeria

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana pseudosikkimensis C.Marquand ex Wilkie; Gentians, 163 (1936), nomen subnudum, Marquand in Kew Bull. 162 (1937)

= Gentianodes sikkimensis (C.B.Clarke) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

species :

Gentiana sikokiana Maxim.; Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 32: 508 (1888)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)

38 JAP

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana sikokiana (Maxim.) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Gentiana sikokiana f. albiflora Akasawa & E.Hirose; Bull. Kochi Women´s Univ., ser. Nat. Sci. 25: 5 (1977)

= Gentiana sikokiana f. albiflora Toyok.; J. Jap. Bot. 58: 315 (1983)

species :

Gentiana simulatrix C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 190 (1937)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, SW-Qinghai); SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU NEP

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana sino-ornata Balf.f.; Trans. Bot. Soc. Edin. 27: 253 (1918)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); E-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana ornata var. alba Forrest; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 4: 72 (1907)

= Gentiana ornata var. veitchii Iving; Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 58: 288 (1915)

= Gentiana sino-ornata f. alba (Forrest) C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 160 (1937)

= Gentianodes sino-ornata (Balf.f.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

variant :

var. gloriosa C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 57 (1928)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Myanmar (Kachin)

36 CHI TIB 41 MYA

species :

Gentiana siphonantha Maxim. ex Kusn.; Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 34: 506 (1892), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 171 (1894)

Distribution: China (Gansu, ?Ningxia, Qinghai, NW-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana siphonantha var. latifolia C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 44 (1937)

= Tretorhiza siphonantha (Maxim. ex Kusn.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana sirensis J.S.Pringle; Arnaldoa 19(2): 149 (2013)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Gentiana spathacea Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 3: 173 (1819)

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Coilantha mocinii D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 185 (1837)

= Coilantha sessei D.Don ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 185 (1837)

= Dasystephana spathacea (Kunth) Arthur; Torreya, xix 49 (1919)

= Ericoila spathacea (Kunth) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 191 (1837)

= Gentiana coerulea Moc. & Sessé; Naturaleza (Mexico City), ser. 2, 1(App.): 44 (1888), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana coerulea Moc. & Sessé ex Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 112 (1845), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana ovalis M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 11(1): 369 (1844)

= Gentiana plicata Willd. ex Schult.; Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 6: 184 (1820)

= Gentiana sessei (G.Don) Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 112 (1845)

= Gentiana spathacea var. benthamii Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 113 (1845)

= Gentiana spathacea var. integra Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 2., Otd. Bot. 24(Bot.) 53 (1894)

= Pneumonanthe spathacea (Kunth) Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 71 (1904)

species :

Gentiana spathulifolia Kusn.; Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 35: 351 (1894), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 171 (1894)

Distribution: China (S-Gansu, W-Gansu, SE-Qinghai, Shaanxi, N-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Varasia spathulifolia (Kusn.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

variant :

var. abaensis (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 40 (1995)

Distribution: China (S-Gansu, N-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana abaensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plateau Sin. 3: 35 (1984)

variant :

var. ciliata Kusn.; Mel. Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Petersbourg 13: 339 (1894)

Distribution: China (W-Gansu, N-Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Gentiana spathulisepala T.N.Ho & S.W.Liu; Novon 20(2): 166 (2010)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Gentiana springateana D.Maity; Edinburgh J. Bot. 71(3): 289 (2014)

Distribution: N-India (Sikkim)

40 IND

species :

Gentiana squarrosa Ledeb.; Mem. Acad. Petersb. 5: 527 (1812)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Primorye); SE-Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi); Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; N-Pakistan (Gilgit, Baltistan, Skardu); Nepal; NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim)

30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO NNS TAI 40 IND NEP PAK

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis squarrosa (Ledeb.) Zuev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 70: 921 (1985)

= Ericoila squarrosa (Ledeb.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 191 (1837)

= Gentiana aquatica Steven; Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 3: 258 (1812)

= Gentiana squarrosa f. albiflorida D.Z.Lu; J. Beijing Forest. Univ. 17(1): 96 (1995)

= Gentiana squarrosa var. liukiuensis Hatus.; Fl. Ryukyus: 487 (1971), without latin descr.

= Gentiana squarrosa var. microphylla Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 330 (1914)

= Gentiana takahashii T.Mori; J. Chosen Nat. Hist. Soc. 4: 24 (1927)

= Gentiana wootchuliana W.K.Paik; Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 25(1): 2 (1995)

= Varasia squarrosa (Ledeb.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1980)

species :

Gentiana stellata Turrill; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1922: 153 (1922)

Distribution: SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)

36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana clarkei var. acuminata (C.B.Clarke) Kusn.

= Gentiana prostrata var. acuminata (C.B.Clarke) S.Agrawal; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 5(2): 434 (1984)

= Gentiana pygmaea var. acuminata C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 111 (1883)

= Gentiana stellata var. acuminata (C.B.Clarke) T.N.Ho; A Worldwide Monograph of Gentiana: 323 (2001)

= Gentianodes acuminata (C.B.Clarke) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20(1): 5 (1988)

species :

Gentiana stellulata Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz., Symb. Sin. 7: 968 (1936)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); N-Myanmar

36 CHI 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

variant :

var. dichotoma Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz., Symb. Sin. 7: 968 (1936)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); N-Myanmar

36 CHI 41 MYA

species :

Gentiana stipitata Edgew.; Trans. Linn. Soc. 20: 84 (1846)

subspecies :

subsp. stipitata

Distribution: China (Sichuan, Qinghai); E-Tibet; Nepal; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand)

36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentianodes stipitata (Edgew.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

subspecies :

subsp. elegantissima Halda & Jurásek; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 19(3-4): 56 (2012)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

subspecies :

subsp. tizuensis (Franch.) T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 371 (1994)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai, W-Sichuan); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana tizuensis Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 494 (1897)

= Gentianodes tizuensis (Franch.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

species :

Gentiana stragulata Balf.f. & Forrest; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 61 (1928)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Isomeria

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentianodes stragulata (Balf.f. & Forrest) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125: 257 (1972)

species :

Gentiana straminea Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Petersb. 27: 502 (1881)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, Gansu, Hubei, Ningxia, Qinghai); Tibet; Nepal; India (Sikkim)

36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

Synonyms: hidden

= Tretorhiza straminea (Maxim.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana suborbisepala C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 58 (1928)

Distribution: China (Guizhou, SW-Sichuan, W-Sichuan, NE-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Microsperma

species :

Gentiana subuliformis S.W.Liu; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 59 (1993)

Distribution: SE-Tibet

36 TIB

Remarks: Sect. Frigidae

species :

Gentiana sumatrana Ridl.; J. Fed. Malay States Mus. 8: IV. 58 (1917)

Distribution: Sumatra

42 SUM

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana singgalangensis Backer; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg ser. III 2: 326 (1920)

= Gentiana humifusa S.Moore; J. Bot. 63: Suppl. 70 (1925)

= Gentiana sumatrana var. humifusa (S.Moore) T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38: 12 (2000)

species :

Gentiana susamyrensis Pachom.; Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii 8: 170 (1986)

Distribution: Kyrgyzstan

32 KGZ

species :

Gentiana susanneae Adr.Favre; Syst. Bot. 47(2): 510 (2022)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Gentiana sutchuenensis Franch. ex Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 136 (1890)

Distribution: China (Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, S-Gansu, S-Shaanxi)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana decipiens Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 956 (1936)

= Gentiana rigidifolia Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. 7: 955 (1936)

species :

Gentiana symphyandra Murb.; Lunds Univ. Arsskr. 27: 89 (1892)

Distribution: Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; ?Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (very local mountains of NW- & C-Greece); NW-Ukraine; Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia)

13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC KOS NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 UKR 34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana lutea subsp. symphyandra (Murb.) Hayek; Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balcan. 2: 417 (1930)

species :

Gentiana szechenyii Kanitz; Pl. exped. Szechenyi in As. centr. coll. 40 (1891)

subspecies :

subsp. szechenyii

Distribution: China (SW-Gansu, Qinghai, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana callistantha Diels & Gilg; Futterer, Durch Asien, Bot. repr. 14 (1903)

= Gentiana rosularis Franch.; Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, ser. VIII. 3: 148 (1891)

= Gentianodes szechenyii (Kanitz) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

subspecies :

subsp. stolonifera Halda & Jurásek; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 19(3-4): 60 (2012)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Gentiana taiwanialbiflora S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 4: 298 (2022)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Gentiana taiwanica T.N.Ho; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 59 (1993), nom. nov.

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana angusta (Masam.) T.S.Liu & C.C.Kuo; Bull. Exp. Forest Natl. Taiwan Univ. 114: 176 (1974), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana scabrida var. angusta Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 29: 64 (1939)

species :

Gentiana takushii T.Yamaz.; J. Jap. Bot. 75(5): 280 (2000)

Distribution: Ryukyu Isl.

38 NNS

species :

Gentiana taliensis Balf.f. & Forrest; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 4: 75 (1907)

Distribution: China (Guizhou, SW-Sichuan, Yunnan); N-Myanmar

36 CHI 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana heterostemon Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 953 (1936)

= Gentiana heterostemon subsp. bietii Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 953 (1936)

= Gentiana heterostemon subsp. cavaleriei Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 953 (1936)

= Gentiana heterostemon subsp. glabricaulis Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 953 (1936)

= Gentiana monbeigii Marquand ex Wilkie; Gentians, 160 (1936), nomen subnudum, Marquand in Kew Bull. 176 (1937)

= Gentiana pedicellata var. chinensis Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 15: 402 (1898)

= Gentiana ramosa C.Marquand ex Wilkie; Gentians: 164 (1936), nomen subnudum, C. Marquand in Kew Bull. 176 (1937)

species :

Gentiana tarokoensis Chih H.Chen & J.C.Wang; Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin., n. s. 40: 29 (1999)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana luzoniensis var. tarokoensis (Chih H.Chen & J.C.Wang) T.N.Ho; Worldwide Monogr. Gentiana: 344 (2001)

species :

Gentiana tatsienensis Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 489 (1896)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan); E-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana terglouensis Hacq.; Pl. Carn. 9 (1782)

subspecies :

subsp. terglouensis

Distribution: Austria; NE-Italy; Slovenia

11 AUT 13 ITA SLV

Remarks: Sect. Calathianae

Synonyms: hidden

= Calathiana terglouensis (Hacq.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)

= Gentiana bavarica subsp. terglouensis P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 858 (1938)

= Hippion pusillum F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)

subspecies :

subsp. schleicheri (Vacc.) Tutin; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 378 (1971)

Distribution: W-Switzerland; SE-France; Andorra; NW-Italy

11 SWI 12 ADO FRA 13 ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Calathiana schleicheri (Vacc.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)

= Calathiana terglouensis subsp. schleicheri (Vacc.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 35(4): 898 (1986)

= Gentiana schleicheri (Vacc.) Kunz; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 49: 160 (1939)

= Gentiana verna f. schleicheri Vacc.; Bull. Murith. Soc. Valais. Sci. Nat. 36: 242 (1911)

= Gentiana verna subsp. schleicheri (Vacc.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Fl. Països Catalans 3: 127 (1995 publ. 1996)

= Gentiana verna var. imbricata f.schleicheri Vacc.; (1911)

species :

Gentiana ternifolia Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 31: 377 (1884)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

species :

Gentiana tetramera Miyam.; Fl. Mustang [Nepal] 221 (2008)

Distribution: C-Nepal

40 NEP

species :

Gentiana tetraphylla Kusn.; Bull. Acad. sci. St. Petersb. 35: 350 (1894), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 125 (1894)

Distribution: China (N-Sichuan, W-Sichuan, S-Gansu)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana ×quaterna Harry Sm. ex C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 125 (1937)

= Gentiana ×quaterna subsp. longiflora Harry Sm. ex C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 127 (1937)

= Gentiana ×quaterna subsp. sankarensis Harry Sm. ex C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 127 (1937)

= Gentiana ×quaterna var. octoloba Harry Sm. ex C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 126 (1937)

= Gentianodes tetraphylla (Kusn.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 257 (1972)

species :

Gentiana tetrasepala Biswas; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 34: t. 3359 (1938)

Distribution: +India (+Uttarakhand)

40 IND

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae. Status uncertain, only collected once in 1884

species :

Gentiana tetrasticha C.Marquand; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 34: t. 3330 (1937)

Distribution: S-Tibet

36 TIB

Remarks: Sect. Dolichocarpa

species :

Gentiana thunbergii (G.Don) Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 108 (1845)

Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi, Jilin, Shanxi); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)

36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO

Synonyms: hidden

= Ericoila thunbergii G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 192 (1837)

= Gentiana aquatica Thunb.; Fl. Jap. 115 (1784) non L. 1753

= Gentiana chosenica Okuyama; J. Jap. Bot. 19: 132 (1943)

= Gentiana japonica Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 3, 20: 433 (1875), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana lactea Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 330 (1914) (non Phil.)

= Gentiana thunbergii f. albiflora Akasawa; Bull. Kochi Women´s Coll. 2: 108 (1954)

= Gentiana thunbergii f. grandis Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 23: 99 (1949)

= Varasia thunbergii (Griseb.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

variant :

var. minor Maxim.; Mélanges Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 12: 758 (1888)

Distribution: China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning); South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku)

36 CHI 38 JAP KOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana minor (Maxim.) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 27: 36 (1949)

= Gentiana minor f. ochroleuca Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46: 419 (1932)

= Gentiana minor var. minima Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 65: 168 (1952)

= Gentiana thunbergii f. minor (Maxim.) Toyok.; J. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ., ser. 5, Bot. 4: 213 (1963)

species :

Gentiana tibetica King ex Hook.f.; Ic. Pl. t. 1441 (1883)

Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Chumbi)

36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana brevidens Regel; Act. Hort. Petrop. 10: 376 (1887)

= Tretorhiza tibetica (King) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Gentiana timida Kerr; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1940: 182 (1940)

Distribution: N-Thailand

41 THA

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana loerzingii var. timida (Kerr) T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38(1): 10 (2000)

species :

Gentiana tongolensis Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 490 (1896)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); E-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Microsperma

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentianodes tongolensis (Franch.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 258 (1972)

species :

Gentiana tonkinensis Hul; Adansonia, sér. 3, 21(2): 251 (1999)

Distribution: Vietnam

41 VIE

species :

Gentiana tornezyana Litard. & Maire; Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc, No. 6: 17 (1924)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

species :

Gentiana trichotoma Kusn.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 61 (1893), et Etud. monog. Sous-genre Eugentiana 137 (1894)

Distribution: China (Qinghai, NW-Sichuan, Gansu)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Frigidae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana phob Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 493 (1896)

= Gentiana hopei Hort.; ex Gard. Chron., ser. III. 73: 304, anglice, Wilkie, Gentians, 135 (1936), pro syn. (1923)

= Gentianodes trichotoma (Kusn.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 258 (1972)

variant :

var. chingii (C.Marquand) T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 372 (1994)

Distribution: China (Qinghai, Gansu)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana chingii C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 83 (1931)

= Gentiana heterostemon var. chingii (C.Marquand) Harry Sm.; H. F. von Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 953 (1936)

= Gentiana pedicellata var. chingii C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 85 (1931)

= Gentiana trichotoma subsp. chingii (C.Marquand) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 23 (1995)

species :

Gentiana tricolor Diels & Gilg; Futterer, Durch. Asien, Bot. repr. 15 (1903)

subspecies :

subsp. tricolor

Distribution: China (Qinghai, Gansu)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

subspecies :

subsp. syringea (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 44 (1995)

Distribution: China (S-Gansu, S-Qinghai, W-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana syringea T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 24 (1984)

species :

Gentiana triflora Pall.; Fl. Ross. 1(2): 105 (1789)

subspecies :

subsp. triflora

Distribution: Siberia (Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol); Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea

30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 37 MON 38 KOR NKO

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana triflora (Pall.) Borkh.; Roem. Archiv 1: I. 26 (1796)

= Gentiana axillariflora var. coreana (Nakai) Kudô; Medic. Pl. Hokkaido 1: 69 (1922)

= Gentiana jesoana var. coreana Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 13: 106 (1906)

= Gentiana triflora f. alboviolacea W.K.Paik & W.Lee; Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 25(3): 19 (1995)

= Gentiana uchiyamae Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 23: 107 (1909)

= Pneumonanthe triflora (Pall.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)

subspecies :

subsp. japonica (Kusn.) Vorosch.; A. K. Skvortsov (ed.), Florist. issl. v razn. raionakh SSSR: 187 (1985)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kuril Isl., Sakhalin); China (Jilin); South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)

31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana axillariflora (H.Lév. & Vaniot) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 200 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Gentiana axillariflora H.Lév. & Vaniot; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53: 648 (1906)

= Gentiana axillariflora var. horomuiensis (Kudô) H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 21: 19 (1947)

= Gentiana axillariflora var. montana H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 21: 19 (1947)

= Gentiana horomuiensis Kudô; Kudô & Susaki, Hokk.-Yak.-Shokub.-Zui, t. 70 (1922)

= Gentiana jesoana Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 23: 106 (1909)

= Gentiana naitoana H.Lév. & Faurie; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, liil. 649 (1906)

= Gentiana rigescens var. japonica Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 13: 60 (1893)

= Gentiana triflora f. albiflora T.Shimizu; Fl. Nagano Pref.: 1509 (1997)

= Gentiana triflora f. horomuiensis (Kudô) Toyok.; J. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ., ser. 5, Bot. 7: 236 (1963)

= Gentiana triflora f. japonica (Kusn.) W.Lee & W.Paik; Lin. Fl. Koreae: 876 (1996)

= Gentiana triflora f. montana (H.Hara) Toyok. & Tanaka; Hokuriko J. Bot. 4: 38 (1955)

= Gentiana triflora f. semiglobularis Toyok.; J. Fac. Liberal Arts Shinsu Univ., Nat. Sci. 13: 130 (1979)

= Gentiana triflora subvar. horomuiensis (Kudô) Toyok.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 16: 114 (1956)

= Gentiana triflora subvar. montana (H.Hara) Toyok.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 16: 115 (1957)

= Gentiana triflora var. horomuiensis (Kudô) H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 136 (1949)

= Gentiana triflora var. japonica (Kusn.) H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 136 (1948)

= Gentiana triflora var. montana (H.Hara) H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 135 (1949)

species :

Gentiana tubiflora (Wall. ex G.Don) Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent. (1838)

Distribution: S- & SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Chumbi, Kumaon)

36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Isomeria

Synonyms: hidden

= Ericoila tubiflora G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)

= Gentiana longistyla T.N.Ho; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 62: 132 (1988)(nom. nov.)

= Gentiana tubiflora var. longiflora Turrill; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1922: 154 (1922)

= Gentiana tubiflora var. namlaensis Turrill; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 48: 206 (1929)

= Gentiana tubiflora Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 4388 (1831) (nomen)

= Gentianodes tubiflora (G.Don) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125: 258 (1972), no basionym ref.

species :

Gentiana ulmeri Merr.; Not. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. No. 47, 8 (1940)

Distribution: N-Sumatra

42 SUM

Remarks: Sect. Monopodiae

species :

Gentiana uniflora Georgi; Reise 1: 203 (1775)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Khabarovsk); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Mongolia

30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ 37 MON

Remarks: Sect. Calathianae

Synonyms: hidden

= Calathiana uniflora (Georgi) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 9(3): 272 (1974)

= Gentiana krylovii Grossh.; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Azerbaidzhansk. S. S. R. 3: 32 (1947)

species :

Gentiana urnula Harry Sm.; Kew Bull. 15: 51 (1961)

Distribution: China (SW-Qinghai); E-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Chumbi)

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Isomeria

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana amoena f. pallida C.Marquand; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 48: 204 (1929)

= Gentiana amoena var. major Burkill; J. Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 2: 312 (1906)

= Gentianodes urnula (Harry Sm.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 258 (1972)

species :

Gentiana utriculosa L.; Sp. Pl. 229 (1753)

Name: Schlauch-Enzian (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Rheinland-Pfalz); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; W-Bulgaria; NW-Ukraine

11 AUT GER LIE SWI 12 FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 UKR

Remarks: Sect. Calathianae

Synonyms: hidden

= Calathiana utriculosa (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)

= Ericoila utriculosa (L.) Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 27 (1796)

= Gentiana bucovinensis Herbich; Select. Pl. Rar. Galic. Bucov. 10 (1836)

= Gentiana utriculosa f. montenegrina Beck & Szyszyl.; Pl. Cern. Alb.: 129 (1888)

= Gentiana utriculosa f. ramosa L.Gross; 80 (1906)

= Gentiana utriculosa f. simplex L.Gross; 80 (1906)

= Gentiana utriculosa var. montenegrina (Beck & Szyszyl.) Kozuharov & Petrova; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 8: 408 (1982)

= Gentiana utriculosa var. ramosa (L.Gross) Hegi; 2024 (1927)

= Gentianusa utriculosa (L.) Pohl; Tentamen Fl. Bohemiae 1: 253 (1810)

= Hippion utriculosum (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boem. 2: 22 (1793)

= Psalina utriculosa (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 25 (1837)

species :

Gentiana vandellioides Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 137 (1890)

subspecies :

subsp. vandellioides

Distribution: China (W-Hubei, S-Shaanxi, E-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana vandellioides var. biloba Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 496 (1896)

subspecies :

subsp. baoxingensis (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 43 (1995)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana baoxingensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 21 (1984)

subspecies :

subsp. yiliangensis (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 43 (1995)

Distribution: China (NE-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana yiliangensis T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 22 (1984)

species :

Gentiana vandewateri Wernham; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 9: 117 (1916)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)

42 NWG

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana dimorphophylla P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot., No. 17, 398 (1964)

= Gentiana montiswilhelmi P.Royen; Alp. Fl. New Guinea 4: 2816 (1983)

= Gentiana protensa P.Royen; Nova Guinea, Bot., No. 17, 400 (1964)

= Gentiana saginifolia var. montiswilhelmi (P.Royen) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 47 (1995)

= Gentiana saginifolia Wernham; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 9: 117 (1916)

species :

Gentiana veitchiorum Hemsl.; Gard. Chron. 46: 178 (1909)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); S- & SE-Tibet; Bhutan; N-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand); Myanmar

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana ornata var. acutifolia Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 494 (1896)

= Gentiana ornata var. obtusifolia Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 493 (1896)

= Gentianodes veitchiorum (Hemsl.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 258 (1972)

species :

Gentiana venusta (G.Don) Wall. ex Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 276 (1838)

Distribution: S-Tibet; NE-Pakistan (Gilgit); Nepal; Bhutan; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Kumaon, Chumbi)

36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK

Remarks: Sect. Isomeria

Synonyms: hidden

= Ericoila venusta Wall. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 189 (1837)

= Gentiana venusta Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 4389 (1831) nomen

= Gentianodes venusta (Wall. ex G.Don) Omer, Ali & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 20: 15 (1988)

= Gentianodes venusta (Wall.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 258 (1972), basionym not validly publ.

species :

Gentiana verna L.; Sp. Pl. 228 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. verna

Name: Frühlings-Enzian (DE)

Distribution: England; Ireland; Germany (Brandenburg, +Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, +Hessen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Belarus; N-European Russia; NW-Ukraine

10 GRB IRE 11 AUT CZE GER LIE POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA ROM SLV 14 BLR RUS UKR

Remarks: Sect. Calathianae

Synonyms: hidden

= Calathiana verna (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)

= Ericoila verna (L.) Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 27 (1796)

= Gentiana acutiflora Schult.; Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 6: 156 (1820)

= Gentiana arctica Grossh.; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Azerbaidzhansk. S. S. R. 3: 32 (1947)

= Gentiana bavarica subsp. elongata (Haenke) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 499 (1881)

= Gentiana elongata Haenke; Jacq., Collectanea 2: 88 (1789)

= Gentiana sexfida Schult.; Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 6: 156 (1820)

= Gentiana verna subsp. arctica (Grossh.) V.G.Sergienko; Fl. poluostrova Kanin: 85 (1986)

= Gentiana verna subsp. elongata (Haenke) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg: 140 (1834)

= Gentiana verna subsp. imbricata (Froel.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 473 (1882)

= Gentiana verna subsp. willkommiana (P.Monts. & Villar) Rivas Mart., Báscones, T.E.Díaz, Fern.Gonz. & Loidi; Itinera Geobot. 5: 70 (1991)

= Gentiana verna var. acutiflora DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç., éd. 3 6: 427 (1815)

= Gentiana verna var. alata Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 263 (1839)

= Gentiana verna var. brachyphylloides Pau; Actas Mem. Prim. Congr. Nat. Esp. Zaragoza: 248 (1909)

= Gentiana verna var. cantabrica Romo; Lagascalia 15(Extra): 287 (1988)

= Gentiana verna var. elongata (Haenke) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 281 (1828), isonym

= Gentiana verna var. elongata (Haenke) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 253 (1809)

= Gentiana verna var. elongata (Haenke) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 264 (1908), isonym

= Gentiana verna var. major Custer; 109 (1821)

= Gentiana verna var. pluricaulis Glaab; 95 (1893)

= Gentiana verna var. pseudoaestiva Rhiner; 226 (1894)

= Gentiana verna var. willkommiana P.Monts. & L.Villar; Doc. Phytosoc. 914: 214 (1975)

= Gentianusa verna (L.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 253 (1809)

= Hippion elongatum (Haenke) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 11, 19 (1796)

= Hippion vernum (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boem. 2: 19 (1796)

= Lexipyretum vernum (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 451 (1867)

= Ricoila verna (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 23 (1837)

subspecies :

subsp. oschtenica (Kusn.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 33 (1995)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Calathiana oschtenica (Kusn.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(4): 429 (1977)

= Gentiana oschtenica (Kusn.) Kusn.; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 351 (1903)

= Gentiana verna var. oschtenica Kusn.; Prodr. Eugent.: 327 (1894)

subspecies :

subsp. pontica (Soltok.) Hayek; Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balcan. 2: 419 (1930)

Distribution: S-Poland; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; N-Greece (mountains, south to Mt. Olimbos); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran); China (Xinjiang); NW-Mongolia; India (Sikkim)

11 POL 13 ALB BUL GRC KOS MNT NMA ROM SRB 32 KAZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ TUR 36 CHI 37 MON 40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Calathiana angulosa (M.Bieb.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 169 (1973)

= Calathiana pontica (Soltok.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 169 (1973)

= Calathiana verna subsp. aestiva (Roem. & Schult.) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rer. Nat. Bohem. Occid., Bot. 21: 10 (1984)

= Calathiana verna subsp. pontica (Soltok.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 35(4): 898 (1986)

= Ericoila aestiva (F.W.Schmidt) Bercht. & J.Presl; Rostl. 1: Gentian. 15 (1823)

= Ericoila aestiva (F.W.Schmidt) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 190 (1837), isonym

= Ericoila angulosa (M.Bieb.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Gentian.): 15 (1824)

= Ericoila angulosa G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 191 (1837)

= Ericoila jirasekii (F.W.Schmidt) Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 27 (1796)

= Gentiana aestiva (F.W.Schmidt) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. 6: 156 (1820)

= Gentiana angulosa M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur. Caucasus 1: 197 (1808)

= Gentiana angulosa var. pontica (Soltok.) Gagnidze; Fl. Gruzii, Zam. Sist Geogr. Rast. 10: 138 (1985), et Zam. Sist. Geogr. Rast. 41: 52 (1986)

= Gentiana bavarica Pall.; Fl. Ross. 2: 110 (1815), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana discolor Hoffmanns. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 865 (1832)

= Gentiana jirasekii F.W.Schmidt; Samml. Phys. Aufsätze Böhm. Naturgesch. 1: 195 (1791)

= Gentiana pontica Soltok.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 169 (1901)

= Gentiana sexfida (F.W.Schmidt) Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roem. & Schult.] 6: 156 (1820), in obs.

= Gentiana verna proles aestiva (F.W.Schmidt) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 264 (1908)

= Gentiana verna subsp. aestiva (F.W.Schmidt) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 473 (1882)

= Gentiana verna subsp. angulosa (M.Bieb.) V.E.Avet.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 14: 223 (1977)

= Gentiana verna subsp. balcanica N.M.Pritch.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 35: 213 (1977)

= Gentiana verna var. aestiva (F.W.Schmidt) Jovan.-Dunj.; Fl. SR Srbije 5: 423 (1973)

= Gentiana verna var. obtusifolia Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 4: 73 (1875)

= Hippion aestivum F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boem. 2: 20 (1796)

= Hippion sexfidum F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 10 (1796)

subspecies :

subsp. tergestina (Beck) Hayek; Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balcan. 2: 420 (1930)

Distribution: Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; SW-Bulgaria

13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT SLV SRB

Synonyms: hidden

= Calathiana tergestina (Beck) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 170 (1973)

= Calathiana verna subsp. tergestina (Beck) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 35(4): 898 (1986)

= Gentiana angulosa f. chalybaea Beck; Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 1: 130 (1886)

= Gentiana chalybaea (Beck) Beck; Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 2: 130 (1887)

= Gentiana tergestina Beck; Annal. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien 2: 130 (1887), et Fl. Nied.-Österr. 2: II 239 (1893)

= Gentiana tergestina var. chalybaea (Beck) Jovan.-Dunj.; Fl. SR Srbije 5: 424 (1973)

= Gentiana verna var. davidovii Kozuharov & Petrova; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 8: 484, 406 (1982)

species :

Gentiana vernayi Marquand; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 34: t. 3330 (1937)

subspecies :

subsp. vernayi

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); S- & SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim)

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Remarks: Sect. Microsperma

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana andersonii Biswas; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 34: t. 3358 (1938) (non C. B. Clarke)

= Gentiana bhutanica Grubov; J. Jap. Bot. 69(1): 21 (1994) (nom. nov. superfl.)

= Gentiana somdavii H.B.Naithani; Flow. Pl. India, Nepal & Bhutan: 294 (1990) nom. nov. superfl.

subspecies :

subsp. atropurpurea (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 28 (1995)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana atropurpurea T.N.Ho; Bull. Bot. Res. North-East. Forest. Inst. 4(1): 76 (1984)

subspecies :

subsp. favrei S.K.Dey & D.Maity; Nordic J. Bot. 36(1-2)-e01417: 5 (2017)

Distribution: India (Sikkim)

40 IND

species :

Gentiana viatrix Harry Sm. ex C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 127 (1937)

Distribution: China (N-Sichuan, W-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

species :

Gentiana villosa L.; Sp. Pl. 228 (1753)

Name: Striped gentian

Distribution: USA (Alabama, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia)

75 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Sect. Pneumonanthe

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis ochroleuca (Froel.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Rostl. 1: Gentian. 11 (1923)

= Cuttera ochroleuca (Froel.) Raf.; Med. Repos. N. York 5: 352 (1808)

= Dasystephana deloachii W.P.Lemmon; Bartonia 19: 18 (1938)

= Dasystephana villosa (L.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 931 (1903)

= Gentiana clavata Steud.; Nom. ed II. 1: 673 (1840)

= Gentiana deloachii (W.P.Lemmon) Shinners; Sida 1: 107 (1962)

= Gentiana heterophylla Raf.; Med. Fl. 211 (1828)

= Gentiana incarnata Sims; Bot. Mag. t. 1856 (1816)

= Gentiana intermedia Sims; Bot. Mag. t. 2303 (1822)

= Gentiana ochroleuca Froel.; Gent. Diss. 35 (1796)

= Gentiana ochroleuca var. heterophylla (Raf.) Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 114 (1845)

= Gentiana ochroleuca var. incarnata (Sims) Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 114 (1845)

= Gentiana ochroleuca var. intermedia (Sims) Griseb.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 114 (1845)

= Gentiana serpentaria Raf.; Ann. Nat. 13 (1820)

= Pneumonanthe incarnata (Sims) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 195 (1837)

= Pneumonanthe intermedia (Sims) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 195 (1837)

= Pneumonanthe ochroleuca (Froel.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 195 (1837)

= Pneumonanthe villosa (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 10 (1796)

= Xolemia heterophylla (Raf.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)

= Xolemia serpentaria (Raf.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)

species :

Gentiana vodopjanovae (Zuev) Chepinoga; Botanica Pacifica 12(2): 123 (2023)

Distribution: Siberia (Chita)

30 SIB

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

Synonyms: hidden

= Dasystephana vodopjanovae Zuev; Fl. Sibir. (Pyrolac.-Lamiac.) 11: 66 (1997)

species :

Gentiana waltonii Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 310 (1906)

Distribution: ?China (?W-Qinghai); S- & SE-Tibet

36 TIB

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana lhasaensis P.K.Hsiao & K.C.Hsia; Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Nei Mongol, 1964(1): 39 (1964)

= Gentiana waltonii f. lhasaensis (P.K.Hsiao & K.C.Hsia) T.N.Ho; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 62: 61 (1988)

= Gentiana waltonii f. nana P.K.Hsiao & K.C.Hsia; J. Nei Monggol Univ. 6(1): 39 (1964)

= Gentiana waltonii var. lhasaensis (P.K.Hsiao & K.C.Hsia) T.N.Ho; Fl. Xizangica 3: 917 (1986)

species :

Gentiana walujewii Regel & Schmalh.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 6: 334 (1879)

subspecies :

subsp. walujewii

Distribution: SE-Kazakhstan; China (N-Xinjiang)

32 KAZ 36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

Synonyms: hidden

= Tretorhiza walujewii (Regel & Schmalh.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 201 (1979 publ. 1980)

= Gentiana kesselringii Regel; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 7: 548 (1880)

= Gentiana walujewii var. kesselringii Kusn.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 7: 548 (1881)

subspecies :

subsp. tenuicaulis (Y.Ling.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 32 (1995)

Distribution: China (Hebei)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana tenuicaulis Y.Ling; Contrib. Inst. Bot. Nat. Acad. Peiping 3: 380 (1935)

species :

Gentiana wangchukii E.Aitken & D.G.Long; Edinburgh J. Bot. 53(1): 82 (1996)

Distribution: Bhutan

40 BHU

Remarks: Sect. Fimbricorona

species :

Gentiana wardii W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8: 122 (1913)

subspecies :

subsp. wardii

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan, W-Sichuan); SE-Tibet; NE-Myanmar

36 CHI TIB 41 MYA

Remarks: Sect. Isomeria

subspecies :

subsp. emergens (C.Marquand) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 25 (1995)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana emergens C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 82 (1931)

= Gentiana wardii var. emergens (C.Marquand) T.N.Ho; Novon 4: 372 (1994)

subspecies :

subsp. micrantha (C.Marquand) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 25 (1995)

Distribution: NE-Myanmar

41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana wardii var. micrantha C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 187 (1937)

species :

Gentiana wasenensis C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 80 (1931)

Distribution: China (N-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Frigidae

species :

Gentiana wilsonii C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 59 (1928)

subspecies :

subsp. wilsonii

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Frigidae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana liangshanensis Z.Y.Zhu; Bull. Bot. Res. North-East. Forest. Inst. 11(4): 61 (1991)

subspecies :

subsp. striolata (T.N.Ho) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 23 (1995)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana striolata T.N.Ho; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(1): 51 (1985)

species :

Gentiana winchuanensis T.N.Ho; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 59 (1993)

Distribution: China (N-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana wingecarribiensis L.G.Adams; Telopea 3(2): 172 (1988)

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales: Central Tablelands)

50 AUS

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

variant :

var. wissmannii (J.B.Williams) Halda; Genus Gentiana: 167 (1996 publ. 1997)

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales: Ebor area)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana wissmannii J.B.Williams; Telopea 3(2): 175 (1988)

species :

Gentiana woodii J.S.Pringle; Novon 24(4): 389 (2016)

Distribution: Bolivia

83 BOL

species :

Gentiana xanthonannos Harry Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 26: 253 (1965)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

species :

Gentiana yakushimensis Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 23: 252 (1909)

Distribution: Japan (Yakushima Isl.)

38 JAP NNS

Remarks: Sect. Kudoa

Synonyms: hidden

= Kudoa yakushimensis (Makino) Masam.; J. Soc. Trop. Agric., Taiwan 2: 29 (1930)

species :

Gentiana yokusai Burkill; J. As. Soc. Beng. n. s. 2: 316 (1906)

Distribution: China (Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Nei Mongol, Liaoning, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian); Japan; Taiwan

36 CHI 38 JAP TAI

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana agrorum Harry Sm.; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. Pt. 7: 964 (1936)

= Gentiana tenuissima Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 25: Art. 19, 167 (1908)

= Gentiana yokusai var. japonica Burkill; J. Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 2: 316 (1906)

variant :

var. cordifolia T.N.Ho; Acta Biol. Plat. Sin., 1984(3): 42 (1984)

Distribution: China (Shaanxi, Hebei, Nei Mongol, Shanxi)

36 CHI

species :

Gentiana yunnanensis Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 31: 376 (1884)

subspecies :

subsp. yunnanensis

Distribution: China (Guizhou, SW-Sichuan, W-Sichuan, NE-Yunnan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Sect. Microsperma

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentianodes yunnanensis (Franch.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 125(3): 258 (1972)

subspecies :

subsp. kialensis (C.Marquand) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 29 (1995)

Distribution: China (Guizhou, SW-Sichuan, W-Sichuan, NE-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana blinii H.Lév.; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 25: 22 (1915)

= Gentiana kialensis C.Marquand ex Wilkie; Gentians: 157 (1936), nom. inval.

= Gentiana suborbisepala var. kialensis (C.Marquand) T.N.Ho; Novon 4(4): 372 (1994)

= Gentiana yunnanensis var. kialensis C.Marquand; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 166 (1937)

species :

Gentiana zekuensis T.N.Ho & S.W.Liu; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 23(2): 56 (1993)

Distribution: China (NE-Sichuan, SE-Qinghai); ?SE-Tibet

36 CHI

Remarks: Sect. Cruciata

species :

Gentiana zhenxiongensis L.H.Wu & Z.T.Wang; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 49(3): 197 (2012)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Gentiana zollingeri Fawc.; J. Bot. 21: 183 (1883)

subspecies :

subsp. zollingeri

Distribution: Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Zhejiang); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)

31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO

Remarks: Sect. Chondrophyllae

Synonyms: hidden

= Ciminalis zollingeri (Fawc.) Zuev; Konspekt Fl. Aziatsk. Rossii 366 (2012)

= Gentiana aomorensis H.Lév.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53: 648 (1906)

= Gentiana taquetii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 182 (1913)

= Gentiana thunbergii Siebold & Zucc.; Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. 2: 34 (1846), nom. illeg.

= Gentiana zollingeri f. albiflora Tuyama; J. Jap. Bot. 16: 502 (1940)

= Gentiana zollingeri f. yaichiana Toyok. & Y.Toyok.; J. Asahikawa Univ. 4: 182 (1976)

= Varasia zollingeri (Fawc.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 202 (1979 publ. 1980)

subspecies :

subsp. tentyoensis (Masam.) Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3(1): 39 (1995)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana kaoi Shimizu; J. Fac. Text. Sci. & Techn., Shinshu Univ., No. 36, Biol., No. 12 (Stud. Limest. Fl. Jap. & Taiwan, Pt. 2) 54 (1963), et in Acta Phytotax. & Geobot.,Kyoto 21: 27 (1964)

= Gentiana tentyoensis Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 32: 1 (1942)

species :

Gentiana ×billingtonii Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 22: 96 (1921 publ. 1923)

Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Iowa, Illinois, Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin)

72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA

Remarks: Gentiana andrewsii x Gentiana puberulenta

species :

Gentiana ×curtisii J.S.Pringle; Trans. Wisconsin Acad. Sci. 53: 277 (1964)

Distribution: USA (Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, Wisconsin)

74 USA 75 USA

Remarks: Gentiana alba x Gentiana puberulenta

species :

Gentiana ×digenea Jakow.; Sitz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math. Nat. 108, Abth. 1. 347 (1899)

Distribution: Austria (Tirol); etc.

11 AUT

Remarks: Gentiana acaulis x G. clusii

species :

Gentiana ×doerfleri Ronniger; Dörfl., Herb. Norm. No. 3706 (1898)

Distribution: Austria; European Russia

11 AUT 14 RUS

Remarks: Gentiana lutea L. x Gentiana punctata L.

species :

Gentiana ×gaudiniana E.Thomas ex W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv., ed. 2: 560 (1844)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern); etc.

11 GER

Remarks: Gentiana punctata x purpurea

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana ×gaudiniana E.Thomas ex Moritzi; 96 (1839), nom. inval.

= Gentiana ×spuria Lebert; Gentian.: 42 (1834)

= Gentiana ×spuria Lebert ex Griseb.; Gen. et Sp. Gent. 301 (1838)

species :

Gentiana ×grandilacustris J.S.Pringle; Trans. Wisconsin Acad. Sci. 53: 279 (1964)

Distribution: USA (Minnesota, Wisconsin)

74 USA 75 USA

Remarks: Gentiana andrewsii x Gentiana rubricaulis

species :

Gentiana ×grisebachiana Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 258 (1908)

Distribution: SE-France; etc.

12 FRA

Remarks: G. burseri ssp. villarsii x G. punctata

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana ×burseri-punctata Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 301 (1838), nom. inval.

species :

Gentiana ×hybrida Schleich. ex DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç., éd. 3 3: 651 (1805)

Distribution: SE-France; etc.

12 FRA

Remarks: Gentiana lutea x G. purpurea

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana ×hybrida var. reynieri Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 10: 253 (1908)

= Gentiana ×rubra Clairv.; Man. Herbor. Suisse: 73 (1811)

= Gentiana ×thomasiana Gaudin ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 498 (1881)

= Gentiana ×thomasii Gillaboz ex Vill.; Roem., Collecteana: 189 (1810)

species :

Gentiana ×laengstii Hausm.; Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 8: 378 (1858) [nothossp.]

subspecies :

subsp. laengstii

Distribution: Germany (Bayern)

11 GER

Remarks: Gentiana lutea x pannonica

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana ×kummeriana G.Sendtn.; Jardin 2: 76 (1888)

subspecies :

subsp. komnensis (E.Mayer) Starm.; Hladnikia 6: 45 (1996) [nothossp.]

Distribution: Slovenia

13 SLV

Remarks: Gentiana lutea ssp. symphyandra x G. pannonica

Synonyms: hidden

= Gentiana ×komnensis F.Mayer; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 108: 510 (1961)

species :

Gentiana ×marcailhouana Rouy; Naturaliste 12: 263 (1890)

Distribution: SE-France; etc.

12 FRA

Remarks: Gentiana burseri x G. lutea

species :

Gentiana ×marceli-jouseaui Halda; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 7(2): 72 (2000)

Distribution: Kyrgyzstan

32 KGZ

Remarks: Gentiana kaufmanniana x olgae

species :

Gentiana ×pallidocyanea J.S.Pringle; Trans. Wisconsin Acad. Sci. 53: 279 (1964)

Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Wisconsin)

72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA

Remarks: Gentiana andrewsii x Gentiana alba

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 24.11 (November 5th, 2024)

Covering 355,576 accepted species,
8,715 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,581 synonyms,
in total 1,412,785* names

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Contact

How to Cite:

Search

+ Family

Filter

Order

Family (5)

Genus (100)

Display options

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 24.11 (November 5th, 2024)

Covering 355,576 accepted species, 8,715 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,581 synonyms, in total 1,412,785* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Covering 355,576 accepted species,
8,715 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,581 synonyms,
in total 1,412,785* names

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]