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Ver. 25.02
Feb. 25th, 2025

452.0000 Family Asteraceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 55 (1822)
1620 genera, ca. 29.000 spp. (35.000 spp. incl. microspecies). Systematics taken mostly from Funk et al. (2009, 2020) and Zuntini et al. (2024). Barnadesioideae (so far treated as most basal member of Asteraceae) might be a separate family, more related to Calyceraceae.
Species listed in database: 35194; hybrids: 677
= Acarnaceae Link; (1829)
= Ambrosiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820), nom. cons.
= Anthemidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Aposeridaceae Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 106 (1838)
= Arctotaceae Bessey; Univ. Stud. Nebraska 14: 107 (1914)
= Arctotidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Artemisiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 48 (1820)
= Athanasiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 56 (1820)
= Calendulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Carduaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Carlinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Centaureaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Cichoriaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 168 (1789), nom. cons.
= Cnicaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 297 (1818)
= Compositae Giseke; Prael. Ord. Nat. Pl. 538 (1792), nom. cons.
= Coreopsidaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 768 (1829)
= Cynaraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 926, 931, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Echinopaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Eupatoriaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 253 (1820)
= Gnaphaliaceae Link ex F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 46 (1830)
= Grindeliaceae Rchb. ex A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 330 (1907)
= Heleniaceae Raf.; Cincinnati Lit. Gaz. 2: 28 (1824)
= Helianthaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Helichrysaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 712 (1829)
= Inulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Ivaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 1: 31 (1837)
= Lactucaceae Drude; Handb. Bot. 3(2): 369 (1886)
= Lapsanaceae Martinov; (1820)
= Madiaceae A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 332 (1907)
= Matricariaceae Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 400 (1845)
= Mutisiaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 934, 935, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Nassauviaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 290 (1836)
= Partheniaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 816 (1829)
= Perdiciaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 728 (1829)
= Picridaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 482 (1820)
= Santolinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 560 (1820)
= Senecionaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Serratulaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 577 (1820)
= Tanacetaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Tussilagaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Vernoniaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 296 (1836)
= Xanthiaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Xeranthemaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. 498 (1843)
452.8211 Genus Flaveria Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 186 (1789)
Distribution: USA (8), Mexico (18), trop. America, West Indies (2), 2 widespread escaped in the tropics
Species listed in database: 21
= Dilepis Suess. & Merxm.; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 1: 14 (1950)
= Havanella Kuntze; Lex. Gen. Phan. [Post & Kuntze] 267 (1903)
= Nauenburgia Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 2393 (1803)
= Vermifuga Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. Prodr. 114 (1794)
species :
Flaveria angustifolia (Cav.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 489 (1807)
Distribution: Mexico (Ciudad de Mexico, Guerrero, México State, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Flaveria elata Klatt; Leopoldina 23: 146 (1887)
= Flaveria integrifolia Moc. & Sessé ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 685 (1836)
= Flaveria radicans Moc. & Sessé ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 635 (1836)
= Milleria angustifolia Cav.; Icon. [Cavanilles] 3: 12, t. 223 (1795)
species :
Flaveria anomala B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 27: 178 (1893)
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Coahuila, Hidalgo, Nuevo Leon, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
species :
Flaveria bidentis (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 148 (1898)
Name: Coastal plain yellowtops (EN), Contrahierba, dasdaqui, daudá, mat [Chile] gusanos, sinapaya, monte colorado.
Distribution: Sweden [I]; Spain [I]; Baleares [I] (Mallorca [I]); France [I]; Greece [I] (Peloponnisos [I]); Egypt [I] (Desert Oases [I], NE-Egypt [I], NW-coastal Egypt [I]); Cape Verde Isl. [I] (Sao Vicente Isl. [I], Ilha de Maio [I]); Eritrea [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; Namibia [I]; Botswana [I]; South Africa [I] (widespread); Eswatini [Swaziland] [I]; Sinai peninsula [I] (C-Sinai [I]); China [I] (Hebei [I]); India [I] (Madhya Pradesh [I], Rajasthan [I], Maharashtra [I], Tamil Nadu [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Massachusetts [I]); Bahamas; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Antigua; Ecuador; Galapagos; Peru; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Concepcion, Pres. Hayes); Uruguay (Montevideo); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, La Pampa, La Rioja, Mendoza, Misiones, Neuquén, Rio Negro, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, San Juan, San Luis, Tucuman); Chile (Arica y Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta, Atacama, Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins)
10 swe 12 bal fra spa 13 grc 20 egy 21 cvi 24 eri 26 zim 27 bot nam saf swz 34 sin 36 chi 40 ind 75 usa 78 usa 81 ABA BAH HIS PUE 83 BOL ECU GAL PER 84 BRA 85 ARG CLE PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Brotera contrayerba (Cav.) Spreng.; J. Bot. [Schrader] 4: (1800) t. 5
= Ethulia bidentis L.; Mant. Pl. 1: 110 (1767)
= Eupatorium chilense Molina; Sag. Stor. Nat. Chili 142, 354 (1782)
= Flaveria bidentis (L.) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 43: 42 (1907), isonym
= Flaveria bidentis (L.) M.R.Almeida; Fl. Maharashtra 3A: 105 (2001), isonym
= Flaveria bonariensis DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 635 (1836)
= Flaveria capitata Juss. ex Sm.; Cycl. [A.Rees] 14: no. 1 (1810)
= Flaveria chilensis (Molina) J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat., ed. 13[bis] 2(2): 1269 (1792)
= Flaveria contrayerba (Cav.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 489 (1807)
= Flaveria spicata Sm.; Cycl. [A.Rees] 14: no. 2 (1810)
= Milleria chiloensis Juss.; (nom. nud.)
= Milleria contrayerba Cav.; Icon. [Cavanilles] 1: 2 (1791)
= Vermifuga corymbosa Ruiz & Pav.; Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruv. Chil. 216 (1798)
species :
Flaveria brownii A.M.Powell; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 65(2): 611 (1978 publ. 1979)
Name: Brown´s yellowtops
Distribution: USA (Texas)
77 USA
species :
Flaveria campestris J.R.Johnst.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 39: 287 (1903)
Name: Alkali yellowtops
Distribution: USA (Arizona, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah)
73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA
species :
Flaveria chlorifolia A.Gray; Pl. Fendler. 88 (1849)
Name: Clasping yellowtops
Distribution: USA (New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas)
77 USA 79 MEX
species :
Flaveria cronquistii A.M.Powell; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 65(2): 621 (1978 publ. 1979)
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca, Puebla)
79 MEX
species :
Flaveria floridana Johnst.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 39: 291 (1903)
Name: Florida yellowtops
Distribution: USA (Florida)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Flaveria pinetorum S.F.Blake; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 50: 204 (1923)
species :
Flaveria haumannii Dimitri & Orfila; Tratado de Morf. y Sist. Vegetal Apénd. 466 (1985)
Distribution: Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Cordoba, Entre Rios, Jujuy, La Pampa, La Rioja, Mendoza, Rio Negro, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, San Juan, San Luis); Chile (Tarapacá, Antofagasta, Atacama)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Flaveria bidentis var. angustifolia Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3[3]: 148 (1898)
species :
Flaveria kochiana B.L.Turner; Phytologia 78(5): 400 (1995)
Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Oaxaca)
79 MEX
species :
Flaveria linearis Lag.; Gen. Sp. Pl. [Lagasca] 83. n. 407 (1816)
Name: Narrowleaf yellowtops
Distribution: USA (Florida); Mexico (Campeche, Puebla, Quintana Roo, Veracruz, Yucatan); Belize; Bahamas; Cuba
78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ 81 BAH CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Flaveria latifolia (J.R.Johnst.) Rydb.; N. Amer. Fl. 34: 145 (1915)
= Flaveria linearis var. latifolia J.R.Johnst.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 39: 289 (1903)
= Flaveria maritima Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.], ed. fol. 4: 285 (1818)
= Flaveria tenuifolia Nutt.; J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Ser. 2, 7: 81 (1834)
= Flaveria ×latifolia (J.R.Johnst.) R.W.Long & Rhamst.; Brittonia 20: 249 (1968)
= Gymnosperma nudatum (Nutt.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 312 (1836)
= Havanella linearis (Cav.) Kuntze; Lex. Gen. Phan. [Post & Kuntze] 267 (1903)
= Selloa nudata Nutt.; Amer. J. Sci. Arts, Ser. 1, 5: 300 (1822)
species :
Flaveria mcdougallii Theroux, Pinkava & D.J.Keil; Madroño 24(1): 13 (1977)
Name: Mcdougall´s yellowtops
Distribution: USA (Arizona)
76 USA
species :
Flaveria oppositifolia (DC.) Rydb.; N. Amer. Fl. 34: 146 (1915)
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Nuevo Leon, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Flaveria longifolia A.Gray; Pl. Fendler. 88 (1849)
= Gymnosperma oppositifolium DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 312 (1836)
species :
Flaveria palmeri Johnst.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 39: 290 (1903)
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Flaveria intermedia Johnst.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 39: 288 (1903)
species :
Flaveria pringlei Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 42 (1918)
Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosi)
79 MEX
species :
Flaveria pubescens Rydb.; N. Amer. Fl. 34: 145 (1915)
Distribution: Mexico (Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Flaveria longifolia var. subtomentosa Greenm. & C.H.Thomps.; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 1: 413 (1914)
species :
Flaveria ramosissima Klatt; Leopoldina 23: 146 (1887)
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca, Puebla)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Flaveria angustifolia var. ramosissima Klatt; (1887)
species :
Flaveria robusta Rose; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 1: 337 (1895)
Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Michoacan)
79 MEX
species :
Flaveria sonorensis A.M.Powell; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 65(2): 618 (1978 publ. 1979)
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
79 MEX
species :
Flaveria trinervia (Spreng.) C.Mohr; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 6: 810 (1901)
Name: Clustered yellowtops
Distribution: Germany [I]; Cape Verde Isl. [I] (Sao Vicente Isl. [I]); Sudan [I]; Ethiopia [I]; Eritrea [I]; Djibouti [I]; Zambia [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; Mauritius [I]; Cyprus [I]; Saudi Arabia [I] (Hejaz [I], NE-Saudi Arabia [I], Asir [I], Nejd Desert [I]); Bahrain [I]; Qatar [I]; United Arab Emirates [I]; Oman [I] (Mascat & Oman [I]); Yemen [I] (Aden Desert [I], coastal Hadhramaut [I], Inner Hadhramaut [I], N-Inner Yemen [I], SW-Yemen [I], Tihama [I], W-Yemen [I]); India [I] (Uttar Pradesh [I], West Bengal [I], Madhya Pradesh [I], Rajasthan [I], Gujarat [I], Andhra Pradesh [I], Tamil Nadu [I]); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Northern Territory [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Molokai [I], Maui [I], Kahoolawe [I]); USA (Arizona, California, Florida, Massachusetts, Missouri, New Mexico, Texas, Virginia); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas); Belize; Bahamas; Turks & Caicos Isl.; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Barbados; Venezuela (Aragua, Carabobo, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Sucre, Tachira); Ecuador; Peru; NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Goiás)
11 ger 21 cvi 24 dji eri eth sud 26 zam zim 29 mau 34 cyp 35 bar oma qat sau uae yem 40 ind 50 aus 63 haw 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ 81 BAH BBD CAY CUB HIS JAM PUE TCI 82 VEN 83 ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Brotera contrayerba Spreng.; J. Bot. [Schrader] 1800(2): 186 (1801)
= Brotera sprengelii Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], ed. 2, 34: 306 (1825), nom. superfl.
= Brotera trinervata (Willd.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 498 (1807)
= Broteroa trinervata (Willd.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 636 (1836)
= Dilepis dichotoma Suess. & Merxm.; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München, Heft 1: 14 (1950)
= Flaveria australasica Hook.; J. Exped. Trop. Australia [Mitchell] 118 (1848)
= Flaveria australasica subsp. gilgai Keighery; Compositae Newslett. 46: 21 (2008)
= Flaveria repanda Lag.; Gen. Sp. Pl. [Lagasca] 33 (1816)
= Flaveria trinervata (Willd.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. [Baillon] 8: 55 (1882)
= Nauenburgia trinervata Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 2393 (1803), nom. superfl.
= Oedera trinervia Spreng.; Bot. Gart. Halle 63 (1800)
species :
Flaveria vaginata B.L.Rob. & Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 32: 48 (1896)
Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Oaxaca, Puebla)
79 MEX
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.02 (February 25th, 2025)

Covering 356,018 accepted species,
8,776 hybrids, 48,085 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,254 synonyms,
in total 1,415,133* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life