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Ver. 25.02
Feb. 20th, 2025

282.0000 Family Malvaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 271 (1789), nom. cons.
249 genera, ca. 5400 spp.
Species listed in database: 5509; hybrids: 40
= Berryaceae Doweld; Tent. Syst. Pl. Vasc.: xxxvii (2001), Family
= Bombacaceae Kunth; Malvac., Büttner., Tiliac. 5 (1822), nom. cons.
= Brownlowiaceae Cheek; Kew Bull. 61: 443 (2006)
= Byttneriaceae R.Br.; Voy. Terra Austral. 2: 540 (1814), nom. cons.
= Chiranthodendraceae A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 22: 303 (1887)
= Dombeyaceae Desf.; Tabl. Ecole Bot., ed. 3: 252 (1829), nom. cons.
= Durionaceae Cheek; Kew Bull. 61: 443 (2006)
= Grewiaceae Doweld & Reveal; Reveal, Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 71: 100 (2005)
= Helicteraceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 264 (1858), Family
= Hermanniaceae Marquis; Esq. Règne Vég. 52 (1820)
= Hibiscaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 275 (1858)
= Lasiopetalaceae Rchb.; Mag. Aesth. Bot. 1(2): ad t. 37 (1823)
= Mansoniaceae A.Chev.; Bot. Jahresber. [Just] 38(1): 852 (1913)
= Melochiaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 271 (1858)
= Pentapetaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 222 (1820)
= Philippodendraceae A.Juss.; V. V. D. d´Orbigny, Dict. Univ. Hist. Nat. 9: 735 (1847)
= Plagianthaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 272 (1858)
= Sidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 222 (1820)
= Sparrmanniaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 260 (1858)
= Sterculiaceae Vent.; Parad. Lond. 2: ad t. 69 (1807), nom. cons.
= Theobromataceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 264 (1858)
= Tiliaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 289 (1789), nom. cons.
282.5515 Genus Eriolaena DC.; Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 10: 102, t. 5 (1823)
Distribution: Madagascar, Mozambique (1), India, Nepal, Bhutan, China, Indochina, Malesia
Species listed in database: 27
= Dendroleandria Arènes; Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 7: 66 (1956)
= Helmiopsiella Arènes; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 28: 150 (1956)
= Helmiopsis H.Perrier; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 91: 230 (1945)
= Jackia Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 85 (1826), nom. illeg.
= Microchlaena Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 1173 (1832) ex Wight & Arn., Cat. Ind. Pl. 16 (1833)
= Schillera Rchb.; Consp. 204 (1828)
= Wallichia DC.; Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 10: 104, t. 6 (1823)
species :
Eriolaena barnettiae Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 109 (2020)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Eriolaena bernieri (Baill.) Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 109 (2020)
Distribution: E-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Assonia bernieri (Baill.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 76 (1891)
= Dombeya bernieri Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 500 (1885)
= Helmiopsis bernieri (Baill.) Arènes; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 28: 416 (1956)
species :
Eriolaena boivinii (Baill.) Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 109 (2020)
Distribution: E-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Assonia boivinii (Baill.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 76 (1891)
= Dombeya boivinii (Baill.) Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 496 (1885)
= Helmiopsis boivinii (Baill.) Arènes; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 28: 418 (1956)
= Helmiopsis inversa H.Perrier; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 91: 230 (1945)
= Helmiopsis inversa var. arenicola H.Perrier; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 91: 231 (1944), nom. inval.
= Trochetia boivinii Baill.; Adansonia 10: 109 (1871)
species :
Eriolaena calcicola (Arènes) Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 110 (2020)
Distribution: E-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Helmiopsis calcicola (H.Perrier) Arènes; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 28: 418 (1956), et in Mem. Inst. Sci. Madag., Ser. B, 7: 55 (1956)
= Helmiopsis inversa var. calcicola H.Perrier; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 91(9): 231 (1944)
species :
Eriolaena candollei Wall.; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 1: 51 (1830)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, SW-Sichuan, S-Yunnan); Bhutan; India (Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh); Bangladesh; Myanmar (widespread); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
36 CHI 40 BAN BHU IND 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Eriolaena affinis Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch. t. 176 (1888)
= Eriolaena glabrescens A.DC.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 3: 370 (1903)
= Eriolaena glabrescens Hu; J. Arnold Arbor. 5(4): 231 (1924), nom. illeg.
= Eriolaena kwangsiensis Hand.-Mazz.; Sinensia 3(8): 193 (1933)
species :
Eriolaena cheekii Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 110 (2020)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Eriolaena ctenostegia (Hochr.) Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 111 (2020)
Distribution: E-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Helmiopsiella ctenostegia (Hochr.) L.C.Barnett; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia, Sér. 4, 10(1): 71 (1988)
= Dombeya ctenostegia Hochr.; Candollea 3: 26, 98 (1926)
species :
Eriolaena glaberrima (Arènes) Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 111 (2020)
Distribution: NE-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Helmiopsis glaberrima Arènes; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 28: 417 (1956)
species :
Eriolaena hily (Arènes) Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 111 (2020)
Distribution: E-Madagascar; SE-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Helmiopsis hily Arènes; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 28: 415 (1956)
variant :
var. boinensis (Appleq.) Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 111 (2020)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Helmiopsis hily subsp. boinensis Appleq.; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 96(4): 531 (2009)
species :
Eriolaena hookeriana Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. [Wight & Arnott] 70 (1834)
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh); Sri Lanka
40 IND SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Eriolaena hookeriana var. viridis Haines; Bot. Bihar Orissa 2: 81 (1921)
species :
Eriolaena leandrii (Hochr.) Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 112 (2020)
Distribution: E-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Dendroleandria leandrii (Hochr.) Arènes; Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 7: 66 (1956)
= Helmiopsiella leandrii (Hochr.) L.C.Barnett; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia, Ser. 4, 10(1): 75 (1988)
= Ruizia leandrii Hochr.; Archiv. Sci., Genève 1: 413 (1948)
species :
Eriolaena linearifolia (Hochr.) Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 112 (2020)
Distribution: NE-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Dombeya linearifolia Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 11-12: 1 (1907)
= Helmiopsis linearifolia (Hochr.) Skema; Taxon 61(3): 625 (2012)
species :
Eriolaena lushingtonii Dunn; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1915: 88 (1915)
Distribution: S-India (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala)
40 IND
species :
Eriolaena madagascariensis (Arènes) Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 112 (2020)
Distribution: SE-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Helmiopsiella madagascariensis Arènes; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 28: 150 (1956)
species :
Eriolaena margaritae Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 112 (2020)
Distribution: NE-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Eriolaena parvifolia (Appleq.) Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 113 (2020)
Distribution: SE-Madagascar; SW-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Helmiopsis rigida subsp. parvifolia (Appleq.) Skema; Taxon 61(3): 625 (2012)
= Dombeya rigida subsp. parvifolia Appleq.; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 33(2): 259 (-260
species :
Eriolaena poissonii (Arènes) Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 113 (2020)
Distribution: NE-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Helmiopsiella poissonii (Arènes) Capuron ex L.C.Barnett; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia, Ser. 4, 10(1): 72 (1988)
= Dombeya poissonii Arènes; Candollea 16: 284 (1958)
species :
Eriolaena polyandra (Appleq.) Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 113 (2020)
Distribution: NE-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Helmiopsis polyandra Appleq.; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 96(4): 531 (2009)
species :
Eriolaena pseudopopulus (Baill.) Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 113 (2020)
Distribution: NE-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Helmiopsis pseudopopulus (Baill.) Capuron; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 263 (1953)
= Dombeya pseudopopulus Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 500 (1885)
= Assonia pseudopopolus (Baill.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 76 (1891)
species :
Eriolaena quinquelocularis (Wight & Arn.) Drury; Handb. Ind. Fl. 1: 99 (1864)
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan); India (Bihar, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu)
36 CHI 40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Microchlaena flavescens Garcke ex Mast.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 1: 371 (1874), pro syn.
= Microchlaena quinquelocularis Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. [Wight & Arnott] 1: 71 (1834)
= Wallichia quinquelocularis (Wight & Arn.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 783 (1841)
species :
Eriolaena richardii (Baill.) Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 113 (2020)
Distribution: N-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Assonia richardii (Baill.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 76 (1891)
= Dombeya richardi (Baill.) Baill.; Hist. pl. Madag., Atlas (1888) t. 75
= Dombeya richardii (Baill.) Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 500 (1885)
= Helmiopsis richardii (Baill.) Capuron; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 263 (1953) 14: 263 (1953)
= Trochetia richardii Baill.; Adansonia 10: 108 (1871)
species :
Eriolaena rigida (Baill.) Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 113 (2020)
Distribution: E-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Assonia guazumifolia (Baill.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 76 (1891)
= Assonia rigida (Baill.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 76 (1891)
= Dombeya guazumifolia Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 495 (1885)
= Dombeya linearifolia subsp. muricata Appleq.; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 33(2): 254 (2011)
= Dombeya linearifolia subsp. sely Arènes; Candollea 16: 297 (1958)
= Dombeya rigida Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 487 (1885)
= Dombeya rigida subsp. guazumifolia (Baill.) Appleq.; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 33(2): 258 (2011)
= Helmiopsis linearifolia subsp. muricata (Appleq.) Skema; Taxon 61(3): 625 (2012)
= Helmiopsis linearifolia subsp. sely (Arènes) Skema; Taxon 61(3): 625 (2012)
= Helmiopsis rigida (Baill.) Dorr; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 23(1): 151 (2001)
= Helmiopsis rigida subsp. guazumifolia (Baill.) Skema; Taxon 61(3): 625 (2012)
species :
Eriolaena rulkensii Dorr; PhytoKeys 111: 12 (2018)
Distribution: Mozambique
26 MOZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Helmiopsiella rulkensii (Dorr) K.C.Mohan; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 44(1-4): 71 (2021)
species :
Eriolaena spectabilis (DC.) Planch. ex Mast.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 1(2): 371 (1874)
Distribution: China (NW-Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Uttar Pradesh); Myanmar (Kachin, Mandalay, Sagaing)
36 CHI 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Eriolaena ceratocarpa Hu; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 10: 143 (1940)
= Eriolaena malvacea (H.Lév.) Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7(3): 613 (1933)
= Eriolaena sterculiacea H.Lév.; Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 405 (1915)
= Eriolaena szemaoensis Hu; J. Arnold Arbor. 5(4): 230-231 (1924)
= Jackia spectabilis (DC.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 85 (1826)
= Microchlaena spectabilis (DC.) Endl. ex Walp.; Rep. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 1: 351 (1842)
= Microlaena spectabilis Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 32, no. 1173 (1829), nomen
= Sterculia malvacea H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12(317-321): 185 (1913)
= Wallichia spectabilis DC.; Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 10: 104, t. 6 (1823)
species :
Eriolaena sphaerocarpa (L.C.Barnett) Dorr; Taxon 70(1): 114 (2020)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Helmiopsis sphaerocarpa L.C.Barnett; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 74(2): 450 (1987)
species :
Eriolaena stocksii Hook.f. & Thomson ex Mast.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 1: 370 (1874)
Distribution: India (Bihar, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
species :
Eriolaena wallichii DC.; Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 10: 102, t. 5 (1823)
Distribution: Nepal; India (Bihar, Odisha, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Myanmar
40 IND NEP 41 MYA
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.02 (February 20th, 2025)

Covering 356,002 accepted species,
8,748 hybrids, 51,756 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,400 synonyms,
in total 1,418,905* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life