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Ver. 24.11
November 5th, 2024

044.0000 Family Thelypteridaceae Ching ex Pic.Serm.; Webbia 24: 711 (1970)
5-34 genera (depending on genus concept), 1100-1200 spp. New genus concept adopted here from Fawcett & Smith (2021), based on molecular results.
Species listed in database: 1180; hybrids: 38
044.2034 Genus Christella H.Lév.; Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 472 (1915), emend. Holttum (1971)
Distribution: mostly restricted to the Old World tropics and subtropics, from Africa (4) through India and southeast Asia, China, Japan, and Malesia, Melanesia, and Polynesia; 2 neotropics. Some African (etc.) members await transfer into other genera.
Species listed in database: 71; hybrids: 23
= Christella sect.Pelazoneuron Holttum; J. S. African Bot. 40: 144 (1974)
= Thelypteris sect.Christella (H.Lév.) Fraser-Jenk.; Taxon. Revis. Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes 590 (2008)
species :
Christella acuminata (Houtt.) Holttum; Webbia 30(1): 192 (1976)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, S-Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Macao, S-Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); South Korea (incl. Cheju Isl.); S-Japan; Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Vietnam; Philippines (Babuyan Isl., N-Luzon)
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NNS TAI 41 VIE 42 PHI
Remarks: not in India
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium sophoroides (Thunb.) Sw.; J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 33 (1801)
= Christella acuminata (Houtt.) H.Lév.; Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 476 (1915), nom. inval., sine basionym
= Christella acuminata monstr. cristata (Tagawa) Nakaike; New Fl. Japan, Pterid. 839 (1992)
= Christella acuminata monstr. nagurae (Shimura) Nakaike; New Fl. Japan, Pterid. 839 (1992)
= Christella acuminata monstr. ogatana (Koidz.) Nakaike; New Fl. Japan, Pterid. 839 (1992)
= Christella acuminata monstr. yamawakii (H.Itô) Nakaike; New Fl. Japan, Pterid. 839 (1992)
= Christella sophoroides (Thunb.) H.Lév.; Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 474-476 (1915), comb. inval. sin. basionym
= Cyclosorus acuminatus (Houtt.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 189 (1938), nom. superfl.
= Cyclosorus acuminatus (Houtt.) Nakai; Misc. Papers Japan. Pl. Thunb. (15) (1935)
= Cyclosorus acuminatus f. nagurae Y.Shimura; J. Jap. Bot. 59: 105 (1984)
= Cyclosorus cangnanensis K.H.Shing & C.F.Zhang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 339 (1999)
= Cyclosorus ciliensis K.H.Shing; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 339 (1999)
= Cyclosorus dissitus Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 334 (1999)
= Cyclosorus glabrescens Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 332 (1999)
= Cyclosorus kuizhouensis K.H.Shing; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 344 (1999)
= Cyclosorus nanchuanensis Ching & Z.Y.Liu; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 4(3): 14 (1984), non Ching & Liu (1983)
= Cyclosorus sinoacuminatus Ching & Z.Y.Liu; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 6(1): 180 (1986), nom. nov.
= Cyclosorus sophoroides (Thunb.) Tardieu; Tardieu & C. Chr., Notul. Syst. (Paris) 7: 76 (1938)
= Cyclosorus subacuminatus Ching ex K.H.Shing & J.F.Cheng; Jiangxi Sci. 8(3): 45 (1990)
= Cyclosorus subcoriaceus Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 341 (1999)
= Cyclosorus tarningensis Ching; Wuyi Sci. J. 1: 4 (1981)
= Cyclosorus ×paracuminatus Ching ex K.H.Shing & J.F.Cheng; Jiangxi Sci. 8(3): 46 (1990), pro spec.
= Cyclosorus yamawakii H.Itô; J. Jap. Bot. 27: 340, f. 3-5 (1952)
= Dryopteris acuminata (Houtt.) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 42: 217 (1928), non E. J. Lowe. 1857, nec Rosenst. 1917.
= Dryopteris acuminata f. cristata Tagawa
= Dryopteris ogatana Koidz.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 89: 10 (1925)
= Dryopteris sinica Christ; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 1: 38 (1909)
= Dryopteris sophoroides (Thunb.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)
= Nephrodium sophoroides (Thunb.) Desv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6(2): 256 (1827)
= Polypodium acuminatum Houtt.; Nat. Hist. (Houttuyn) 2: 181 (1783)
= Polypodium dichotomum Panz.; Vollst. Pflanzensyst. 13(1): 204 (1786), nom. superfl.
= Polypodium sophoroides Thunb.; Trans. Linn. Soc. 2: 341 (1794), nom. nov.
= Polypodium unitum Thunb.; Fl. Jap. [Thunberg] 336 (1784) (non L.)
= Thelypteris acuminata (Houtt.) C.V.Morton; Amer. Fern J. 48: 139 (1959)
= Thelypteris paracuminata (Ching ex K.H.Shing & J.F.Cheng) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 35 (2018)
= Thelypteris tarningensis (Ching) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 39 (2018)
= Thelypteris yamawakii (H.Itô) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 40 (2018)
species :
Christella adenopelta Holttum; Kew Bull. 31: 322 (1976)
Distribution: New Guinea (S-Papua New Guinea); [Western] Samoa (´Upolu)
42 NWG 60 SAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Thelypteris adenopelta (Holttum) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 25 (2018)
species :
Christella afzelii (C.Chr.) Holttum; J. S. African Bot. 40: 146 (1974)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Remarks: genus uncertain, probably not a Christella
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus afzelii (C.Chr.) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 44 (2013)
= Dryopteris afzelii C.Chr.; Ark. Bot. 1419 2, t. 1 t 3 (1916)
= Thelypteris afzelii (C.Chr.) Tardieu; Humbert, Fl. Madagasc. Fam. 5, 1: 282 (1958)
species :
Christella arida (D.Don) Holttum; Companion Ferns Brit. India [Nayar & Kaur] 206 (1974)
Distribution: China (S-Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Himachal Pradesh, ?Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Jammu & Kashmir); Bangladesh; Myanmar; N-Thailand; peninsular Thailand; Vietnam; Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah, Sarawak); Sulawesi; Philippines; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Flores, Sumbawa, Sumba, Timor); Moluccas (Seram); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Australia (Queensland, New South Wales); New Caledonia; Vanuatu; Fiji (Viti Levu); [Western] Samoa
36 CHI TIB 38 TAI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 MYA THA VIE 42 BOR LSI MOL NWG PHI SNG SUL SUM 50 AUS 60 FIJ NWC SAM VAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium aridum D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 4 (1825)
= Aspidium obscurum Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 150 (1828)
= Aspidium plumiferum (Desv.) Kuhn; Forschungsr. Gazelle, Bot. Alg. 4, Farne 9 (1889)
= Aspidium venulosum Wall.; Numer. List. [Wallich] no. 352 (1829), nomen
= Christella papyracea (Bedd.) Holttum; Companion Ferns Brit. India [Nayar & Kaur] 206 (1974) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Cyclosorus acutissimus Ching ex K.H.Shing & J.F.Cheng; Jiangxi Sci. 8(3): 45 (1990)
= Cyclosorus aridus (D.Don) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 194 (1938)
= Cyclosorus aridus (D.Don) Tagawa; Act. Phytotax. Geobot. 7: 78 (1938)
= Cyclosorus centrochinensis Ching; (1976), nom. nud.
= Cyclosorus cuspidatus Ching; (1976), nom. nud.
= Cyclosorus holttumii Sarn.Singh & Panigrahi; Ferns Fern Allies Arunachal Pradesh 2: 682 (2005) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Cyclosorus medogensis Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 171 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Cyclosorus papyraceus (Bedd.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 196 (1938) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Cyclosorus pseudobalansae Panigrahi & Sarn.Singh; Ferns Fern Allies Arunachal Pradesh 2: 699 (2005) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Cyclosorus serrifer Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 349 (1999)
= Dryopteris arida (D.Don) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 812 (1891)
= Dryopteris arida var. ebeneorachis Copel.; Elmer, Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 2: 390 (1908)
= Dryopteris maxima (Haines) Raizada & N.P.Chowdhury; Pteridophyte Fl. Upper Gangetic Plain: 57 (1973), nom. illeg., non (Baker) C. Chr. 1905
= Dryopteris obscura (Blume) Christ; J. Bot. (Morot) 21: 230 (1908)
= Dryopteris papyracea (Bedd.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 282 (1905) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Nephrodium aridum (D.Don) J.Sm.; J. Bot. (Hooker) 4: 188 (1841)
= Nephrodium aridum var. maximum Haines; Bot. Bihar Orissa 4: 1188-1189 (1922)
= Nephrodium aridum var. pilosissimum Haines; Bot. Bihar Orissa 4: 1188 (1922)
= Nephrodium obscurum (Blume) T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 98 (1858)
= Nephrodium papyraceum Bedd.; Suppl. Ferns Brit. Ind. 69 (1892) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Nephrodium plumiferum Desv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6(2): 254 (1827)
= Nephrodium propinquum C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 34 (1825)
= Polypodium acuminatum Roxb.; Calcutta J. Nat. Hist. 4: 490 (1844) (non Houtt. (1786))
= Polypodium scabridum Wall.; Numer. List. [Wallich] no. 302 (1829), nomen
= Thelypteris arida (D.Don) C.V.Morton; Amer. Fern J. 49: 113 (1959)
= Thelypteris holttumii (Sarn.Singh & Panigrahi) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 32 (2018)
= Thelypteris medogensis (Ching & S.K.Wu) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 33 (2018)
= Thelypteris papyracea (Bedd.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 301 (1968) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Thelypteris pseudobalansae (Panigrahi & Sarn.Sing) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 36 (2018)
species :
Christella balansae (Ching) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 321 (1976)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus balansae Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 200 (1938)
= Thelypteris balansae (Ching) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 262 (1968)
species :
Christella boninensis (Kodama ex Koidz.) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 316 (1976)
Distribution: Bonin Isl. (Chichijima, Hahajima)
38 OGA
Conservation Status: IUCN R. EN in Japan
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus boninensis (Kodama ex Koidz.) Nakaike; Enum. Pterid. Jap., Filic. 275 (1975)
= Dryopteris boninensis Kodama ex Koidz.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 38: 109 (1924)
= Thelypteris boninensis (Kodama ex Koidz.) K.Iwats.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 21: 41 (1964)
species :
Christella buchananii (Schelpe) J.P.Roux; Conspect. South. Afr. Pteridophyta 120 (2001)
Distribution: E-Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal)
26 MOZ ZIM 27 SAF
Remarks: genus uncertain
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus buchananii (Schelpe) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 44 (2013)
= Thelypteris dentata var. buchananii Schelpe; J. S. African Bot. 31: 265 (1965)
species :
Christella burmanica (Ching) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 317 (1976)
Distribution: Myanmar
41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus burmanicus Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 205 (1938)
= Thelypteris burmanica (Ching) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 265 (1968)
species :
Christella buwaldae (Holttum) Holttum; Fl. Males. Ser. 2, Pterid. 1(5): 554 (1982)
Distribution: Moluccas (Buru, Seram, Aru Isl.)
42 MOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus buwaldae (Holttum) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 44 (2013)
= Pronephrium buwaldae Holttum; Blumea 20: 115 (1972)
= Thelypteris buwaldae (Holttum) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 28 (2018)
species :
Christella callensii (Alston) Holttum; J. S. African Bot. 40: 146 (1974)
Distribution: Congo [Brazzaville]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 CON ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus callensii Alston; Bol. Soc. Brot., ser. 2, 30: 13 (1956)
= Thelypteris callensii (Alston) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 266 (1968)
species :
Christella calvescens (Ching) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 328 (1976)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, S-Guizhou, S-Yunnan); Vietnam
36 CHI 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus calvescens Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 225 (1938)
= Cyclosorus sanduensis K.H.Shing & P.S.Wang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 343 (1999)
= Thelypteris calvescens (Ching) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 266 (1968)
species :
Christella carolinensis (Hosok.) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 307 (1976)
Distribution: Palau (Urukthapel)
62 PLU
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus carolinensis (Hosok.) Lorence; Micronesica 43(1): 90 (2012)
= Dryopteris carolinensis Hosok.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 26: 74 (1936)
= Glaphyropteris carolinensis (Hosok.) Hosok.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 32: 285 (1942)
= Thelypteris carolinensis (Hosok.) Fosberg; Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 45: 4 (1980)
species :
Christella chaseana (Schelpe) Holttum; J. S. African Bot. 40: 148 (1974)
Distribution: Cameroon; Congo [Brazzaville]; ?D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; C-Namibia; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga)
23 CMN CON 24 ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus chaseanus (Schelpe) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 45 (2013)
= Lastrea chaseana (Schelpe) Pic.Serm.; Webbia 23: 175 (1968)
= Thelypteris chaseana Schelpe; J. S. African Bot. 31: 263, f. 1 e (1965)
species :
Christella clarkei (Bedd.) Holttum; Companion Ferns Brit. India [Nayar & Kaur] 203 (1974)
Distribution: SE-Tibet (Medog); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar; N-Thailand; Vietnam
36 TIB 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 MYA THA VIE
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium artinexum (C.B.Clarke) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 65 (1906)
= Christella cylindrothrix (Rosenst.) Holttum; Companion Ferns Brit. India [Nayar & Kaur] 208 (1974) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Cyclosorus clarkei (Bedd.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 178 (1938)
= Cyclosorus cylindrothrix (Rosenst.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 199 (1938)
= Cyclosorus parasiticus var. cylindrothrix (Rosenst.) Tardieu & C.Chr.; Fl. Gén. Indo-Chine [P. H. Lecomte et al.] 7(2): 382 (1941)
= Dryopteris cylindrothrix Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 246 (1913) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Nephrodium artinexum C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot., ser. 2, 1: 536 (1880), nom. nov. for P. clarkei Bedd.
= Nephrodium molle var. aureum (C.B.Clarke) Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India 279 (1883)
= Nephrodium parasiticum var. aureum (C.B.Clarke) Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India 279 (1883)
= Pleocnemia clarkei Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India Suppl. 15, t. 368 (1876) (non Nephrodium clarkei Baker (1874))
= Tectaria artinexa (C.B.Clarke) Ching; Sinensia 2: 15 (1931), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Tectaria clarkei (Bedd.) C.Chr.; Index Filic., Suppl. Tert.: 178 (1934)
= Thelypteris clarkei (Bedd.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 268 (1968)
= Thelypteris cylindrothrix (Rosenst.) K.Iwats.; H. Hara, Fl. E. Himal. 482 (1966)
species :
Christella conspersa (Schrad.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 26(2-3): 326 (1977)
Distribution: Panama; Hispaniola (Dominican Republic); Colombia (Antioquia, Boyaca, Casanare, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, Magdalena, Valle); Venezuela (Aragua, Portuguesa); Galapagos; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); Brazil (Bahia, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Pernambuco, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Amambay, Asunción, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Central, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Paraguari, San Pedro); Uruguay (Maldonado, Rivera, Rocha, Tacuarembo); Argentina (Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Misiones, Salta)
80 PAN 81 HIS 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL GAL PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium conspersum (Schrad.) Kunze; Flora 1889(1): Beibl. 32 (1889)
= Cyclosorus bangii (C.Chr.) Abbiatti; Darwiniana 13: 567 (1964)
= Cyclosorus conspersus (Schrad.) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 45 (2013)
= Cyclosorus hickenii Abbiatti; Darwiniana 13: 537, C 1, t. 1 (1964)
= Cyclosorus urens (Rosenst.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 250 (1941)
= Dryopteris bangii C.Chr.; Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., Naturvidensk. Math. Afd., ser. 7, 4: 333, f. 52 (1907)
= Dryopteris bangii var. patentiformis (Rosenst.) C.Chr.; Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., Naturvidensk. Math. Afd., ser. 7, 10, pt. 2: 190 (1913)
= Dryopteris dentata var. urens (Rosenst.) Osten & Herter; Anales Mus. Nac. Montevideo, ser. 2, 1: 343 (1925)
= Dryopteris patens var. decrescens Rosenst.; Hedwigia 46: 114 (1906)
= Dryopteris patentiformis Rosenst.; Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., Naturvidensk. Math. Afd., ser. 7, 10, pt. 2: 190 (1913)
= Dryopteris urens Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 4: 5 (1907)
= Lastrea bangii (C.Chr.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 138 (1947)
= Lastrea urens (Rosenst.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 140 (1947)
= Nephrodium conspersum Schrad.; Gött. Gel. Anz. 1824: 869 (1824)
= Thelypteris bangii (C.Chr.) R.M.Tryon; Rhodora 69: 5 (1967)
= Thelypteris conspersa (Schrad.) A.R.Sm.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 59: 60 (1971)
= Thelypteris hickenii (Abbiatti) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 283 (1968)
= Thelypteris urens (Rosenst.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 322 (1968)
species :
Christella crinipes (Hook.) Holttum; Companion Ferns Brit. India [Nayar & Kaur] 208 (1974)
Distribution: China (S-Guangdong, S-Guangxi, S-Guizhou, Hainan, S-Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Sikkim, Nagaland, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Kachin, etc.); Thailand; Laos; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia
36 CHI TIB 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 LAO MYA THA VIE 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus crinipes (Hook.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 179 (1938)
= Cyclosorus mantoniae Sarn.Singh & Panigrahi; Ferns Fern Allies Arunachal Pradesh 2: 689 (2005) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Dryopteris crinipes (Hook.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 812 (1891)
= Nephrodium crinipes Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 4: 71 (1862)
= Thelypteris crinipes (Hook.) K.Iwats.; J. Jap. Bot. 38: 315 (1963)
species :
Christella cuneata (K.H.Shing) comb.ined.
Distribution: China (Chongqing, Guangxi, Guizhou); Vietnam
36 CHI 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus clavatus K.H.Shing; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 350 (1999)
= Cyclosorus cuneatus Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 243 (1941), et ex Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 347 (1999)
= Cyclosorus pseudoattenuatus Ching; (1976), nom. nud.
= Thelypteris clavata (K.H.Shing) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 28 (2018)
species :
Christella darainensis Rakotondr.; Adansonia, sér. 3, 34(2): 224 (2012)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Remarks: genus uncertain, likely not a Christella
Synonyms: hidden
= Thelypteris darainensis (Rakotondr.) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 29 (2018)
species :
Christella dentata (Forssk.) Brownsey & Jermy; Brit. Fern Gaz. 10: 338 (1973)
Name: Downy Maiden Fern, Downy woodfern (EN); Gezähnter Sumpffarn (DE); Cristela dentada (ES)
Distribution: Spain; Italy; Crete (W-Crete); Morocco; Algeria; Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma Isl.); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Sao Vicente Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Ilha de Sao Tiago, Fogo Isl., Ilha Brava); Senegal; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Principe Isl.; São Tomé; Annobon Isl.; Equatorial Guinea (Rio Muni); Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Sudan; Ethiopia; Soqotra; Uganda; Kenya; Pemba Isl.; Tanzania; Zanzibar; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; N-Namibia; South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte); Mauritius; La Réunion; Rodrigues; +Iles Glorieuses [I]; Iran; E-Afghanistan; Saudi Arabia; N-Yemen; China (Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Macao, Sichuan, Yunnan, S-Zhejiang); Tibet; South Korea (Cheju Isl.); Japan; Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Pakistan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives]; Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl.; Nicobar Isl.; Myanmar (Chin, etc.); Thailand (widespread); ?Laos; ?Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Singapore; Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Lombok, Sumba, Bali, Sumbawa, Flores, Timor); Moluccas (Seram); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch. (Admiralty Isl.); Solomon Isl. (Guadalcanal, Rendova, Vella Lavella, Kolombangara, Malaita); Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland, Victoria, New South Wales); Lord Howe Isl.; Norfolk Isl.; New Zealand (North Isl.); Santa Cruz Isl.; Vanuatu; Tonga (Tongatapu, Vava´u, ´Eua); Fiji (Viti Levu); Wallis & Futuna (Futuna Isl.); American Samoa (Tutuila, Ofu, Olosega, Ta´u); Tokelau (Swains Isl.); Cook Isl. (Rarotonga, Mangaia, Aitutaki, Atiu, Mauke, Mitiaro); Marquesas Isl. [I] (Ua Huka [I], Hiva Oa [I]); Society Isl. (Huahine, Moorea); Tuamotu Arch.; Austral Isl. (Raivavae, Rapa Iti); Easter Isl. [I]; Palau (Babeldaob, Alumizu); Northern Marianas (Tinian, Rota Isl.); Guam; Fed. States of Micronesia (Yap, Truk, Dublon, Tol, Udot, Pohnpei); Hawaii [I] (Niihau [I], Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Molokai [I], Lanai [I], Kaho´olawe [I], Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Mississippi [I], South Carolina [I], Texas [I]); Mexico [I] (Chiapas [I], Campeche [I], Colima [I], Guerrero [I], Morelos [I], Oaxaca [I], Puebla [I], Queretaro [I], Quintana Roo [I], Tabasco [I], Veracruz [I], Yucatan [I]); Guatemala [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Isla del Coco [I]; Panama [I]; Bahamas [I]; Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Hispaniola [I] (Haiti [I], Dominican Republic [I]); Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (St. Thomas [I], St. Croix [I], St. John [I], Tortola[I]); Nevis [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Marie-Galante [I]; Dominica [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Lucia [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Grenada [I]; Barbados [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I] (Apure [I], Venezuela Distrito Federal [I], Falcon [I], Lara [I], Merida [I], Miranda [I], Nueva Esparta [I], Portuguesa [I], Sucre [I], Tachira [I], Yaracuy [I], Zulia [I]); Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]; Brazil [I] (Alagoas [I], Bahia [I], Ceará [I], Brasilia Distrito Federal [I], Espírito Santo [I], Goiás [I], Maranhão [I], Minas Gerais [I], Mato Grosso do Sul [I], Mato Grosso [I], Paraíba [I], Pernambuco [I], Paraná [I], Rio de Janeiro [I], Rio Grande do Sul [I], Santa Catarina [I], São Paulo [I], Sergipe [I]); Paraguay [I]; Uruguay [I]; N-Argentina [I] (Buenos Aires [I], Chaco [I], Corrientes [I], Entre Rios [I], Formosa Prov. [I], Misiones[I])
12 SPA 13 ITA KRI 20 ALG MOR 21 AZO CNY CVI MDR 22 BEN BKN GHA GNB GUI IVO LBR MLI NGA NGR SEN SIE TOG 23 ANN BIO BUR CAF CMN CON EQG GAB PRI RWA SAO ZAI 24 ETH SOC SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 NAM SAF SWZ 29 COM igl MAU MDG REU ROD 34 AFG IRN 35 SAU YEM 36 CHI TIB 38 JAP KOR NNS TAI 40 BAN BHU IND LDV NEP PAK SRL 41 AND MYA NCB THA VIE 42 LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW SNG SUL 43 BIS SOL 50 AUS LHI NFK 51 NZL 60 ASA FIJ SCZ TOK TON VAN WAL 61 AUI COO eas mrq SCI TUA 62 GUM MIC MRN PLU 63 haw 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 80 coc cos els gua hon nic pan 81 bah bbd cub dom gdl gre his jam mar pue stk stl stv trt vir 82 clm ven 83 bol ecu per 84 bra 85 arg par uru
Remarks: in Kermadec Isl. and New Zealand (North Isl.) another yet unnamed sibling species occurs
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium aquapimense Schumach.; Beskr. Guin. Pl. (Vid. Selsk. Afh. 4): 230 (seors. 456). 1827 (1827)
= Aspidium hilsenbergii Sieber; Exsicc. (Fl. Mixta) no. 49 (1827) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Aspidium molle Sw.; J. Bot. (Schrader) 1801(2): 34 (1801), nom. nov. for Polypodium molle Jacq.
= Aspidium molle var. anoticum Kunze; Linnaea 9: 92 (1834 publ. 1835)
= Aspidium molle var. decurtatum F.M.Bailey; Queensland Fl. 6: 1977 (1902)
= Aspidium molle var. glabrindusiatum Hieron.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 22(3): 374 (1896)
= Aspidium molle var. violascens (Link) Mett.; Fil. Afr. [Kuhn] 25 (1868)
= Aspidium natalense Fée; Mém. Foug. 8 (Icon. Esp. Nouv.): 102 (1857)
= Aspidium nymphale (G.Forst.) Schkuhr; 24. Kl. Linn. Pfl.-Syst. 1: 36, t. 34 (1806)
= Aspidium violascens Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 115 (1833)
= Christella dentata (Forssk.) Holttum; Blumea 21(2): 306 (1974), isonym, et J. S. African Bot. 40: 143 (1974), isonym, et Companion Beddome´s Handb. 207 (1974), isonym
= Christella dentata var. caespitosa Holttum; Kew Bull. 41(3): 518 (1986)
= Christella dentata var. himalayensis Punetha & Kholia; J. Bombay Hist. Soc. 87(2): 266 (1990) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Christella hilsenbergii (C.Presl) Holttum; J. S. African Bot. 40: 142 (1974) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008, but included by Roux 2009 in C. quadrangularis)
= Christella kendujharensis S.K.Behera & S.K.Barik; Phytotaxa 397(3): 247 (2019) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2019)
= Christella malabariensis (Fée) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31: 317 (1976) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Christella nymphalis (G.Forst.) Pic.Serm.; Webbia 31(1): 252 (1977)
= Christella taprobanica (Panigrahi) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 335 (1976) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Cyclosorus angustus Ching; Fl. Fujianica 1: 598 (1982), non (Copel.) Ching
= Cyclosorus caespitosus (Holttum) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 45 (2013)
= Cyclosorus dentatus (Forssk.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 206 (1938)
= Cyclosorus dentatus f. bipinnata Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 209 (1938)
= Cyclosorus dentatus var. himalayensis (Punetha & Kholia) Mazumdar & R.Mukhop.; Bionature33(1): 18 (2013)
= Cyclosorus dentatus var. violascens (Link) Abbiatti; Darwiniana 13: 545 (1964)
= Cyclosorus dicarpus (Fée) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 244 (1941) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Cyclosorus fengii Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 337 (1999)
= Cyclosorus hispidulus Peter; (1929) non (Decne.) Ching
= Cyclosorus jiulungshanensis P.S.Chiu & G.H.Yao ex Ching; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 2(2): 70 (1982) (jiulongshanensis)
= Cyclosorus lanpingensis Ching; (1976), nom. nud.
= Cyclosorus lunganensis Ching; Wuyi Sci. J. 1: 5 (1981)
= Cyclosorus lungmenensis Ching; (1976), nom. nud.
= Cyclosorus lushiensis Ching; (1976), nom. nud.
= Cyclosorus mekongensis Ching ex K.H.Shing; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 333 (1999) (megongensis)
= Cyclosorus mianningensis Ching ex K.H.Shing; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 340 (1999)
= Cyclosorus mindanaensis (Christ) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 246 (1941)
= Cyclosorus mindanaensis (Christ) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 143 (1947), isonym
= Cyclosorus mollis (Jacq.) Vareschi; Fl. Venez. 1: 442 (1969)
= Cyclosorus nymphalis (G.Forst.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 247 (1941)
= Cyclosorus pandus Ching; (1976), nom. nud.
= Cyclosorus paradentatus Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 338 (1999)
= Cyclosorus pingshanensis Ching & H.S.Kung ex K.H.Shing; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 349 (1999)
= Cyclosorus proximus Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 9: 363 (1964)
= Cyclosorus sapingbaensis Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 336 (1999) (shapingbaensis)
= Cyclosorus stenopes Ching & K.H.Shing ex K.H.Shing; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 336 (1999)
= Cyclosorus taprobanicus (Panigrahi) Panigrahi; Indian Fern J. 9(1-2): 245 (1992 publ. 1993) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Cyclosorus tingwooensis Ching; (1976), nom. nud.
= Cyclosorus wangii Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 9: 363 (1964)
= Dryopteris dentata (Forssk.) C.Chr.; Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., Naturvidensk. Math. Afd., ser. 8, 6: 24 (1920)
= Dryopteris dicarpa (Fée) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 262 (1905) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Dryopteris mindanaensis Christ; Philipp. J. Sci. 2: 194 (1907)
= Dryopteris mollis (Jacq.) Hieron.; Hedwigia 46: 348 (1906)
= Dryopteris mollis var. glabrindusiata (Hieron.) Hassl.; Trab. Inst. Bot. Farmacol. 45: 25 (1928)
= Dryopteris nymphalis (G.Forst.) Copel.; Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 69: 46 (1929)
= Dryopteris parasitica var. coriacea Bonap.; Notes Ptéridol. 5: 81, 82 (1917)
= Dryopteris parasitica var. decurtata (F.M.Bailey) Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 20: 50 (1914)
= Dryopteris parasitica var. glabrindusiata (Hieron.) Hicken; Apuntes Hist. Nat. 1: 150 (1909)
= Dryopteris parasitica var. hilsenbergii (C.Presl) Bonap.; Notes Ptéridol. 15: 15 (1924)
= Dryopteris parasitica var. marquesensis E.D.Br.; Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 89 [Fl. S. E. Polynesia II]: 25 (1931)
= Dryopteris reducta (Small) M.Broun; Index No. Amer. Ferns: 77 (1938) (non. C. Chr.)
= Dryopteris submollis Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 3, 2: 152 (1920)
= Hemestheum molle (Sw.) Gand.; Fl. Eur. [Gand.] 27: 178 (1891)
= Nephrodium dentatum (Forssk.) Kümmerle; Magyar Bot. Lapok 32: 60 (1933)
= Nephrodium dicarpum Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 305 (1852) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Nephrodium hilsenbergii C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 81 (1836) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008, but included by Roux 2009 in C. quadrangularis)
= Nephrodium hispidulum Peter; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 40(1): 58, Anhang: 4, t. 4, figs a, b (1929), non (Decne.) Baker
= Nephrodium malabariense Fée; Mém. Foug. 10 (Icon. Esp. Nouv.): 43 (1865) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Nephrodium molle (Sw.) R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 149 (1810)
= Nephrodium molle var. mollissimum Fée; Mém. Foug. 11 (Hist. Foug. Antil.): 89 (1866)
= Nephrodium molle var. pohlianum Baker; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 1(2): 489 (1870)
= Nephrodium molle var. polydactylum R.Sim ex J.Dix; Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. London 1: 245 (1860)
= Nephrodium nymphale (G.Forst.) Desv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6(2): 258 (1827)
= Nephrodium parasiticum var. glabrindusiatum (Hieron.) Hicken; Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 15: 234 (1908)
= Nephrodium violascens (Link) Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 305 (1852)
= Polypodium dentatum Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 185 (1775)
= Polypodium molle Jacq.; Collectanea [Jacquin] 3: 188 (1789) (non Schreb. (1771) nec All. (1785))
= Polypodium nymphale G.Forst.; Fl. Ins. Austr.: 81 (1786)
= Polystichum molle (Jacq.) Gaudich.; Voy. Uranie [Freycinet], Bot. 326 (1828)
= Polystichum nymphale (G.Forst.) Gaudich.; Voy. Uranie [Freycinet], Bot. 330 (1828)
= Thelypteris dentata (Forssk.) E.P.St.John; Amer. Fern J. 26: 44 (1936)
= Thelypteris dentata var. violascens (Link) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 272 (1968)
= Thelypteris dicarpa (Fée) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 272 (1968) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Thelypteris hilsenbergii (C.Presl) Panigrahi; Phytologia 31: 369 (1975) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008, but included by Roux 2009 in C. quadrangularis)
= Thelypteris hilsenbergii (C.Presl) Schelpe; Garcia de Orta, Ser. Bot. 3(1): 54 (1976) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008, but included by Roux 2009 in C. quadrangularis)
= Thelypteris malabariensis (Fée) Panigrahi; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 497 (1975) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Thelypteris mindanaensis (Christ) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 293 (1968) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Thelypteris nymphalis (G.Forst.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 297 (1968) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Thelypteris reducta Small; Ferns S. E. States [Small] 254 cum tab. (1938)
= Thelypteris taprobanica Panigrahi; Kew Bull. 31(1): 187 (1976) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
species :
Christella distans (Hook.) Holttum; J. S. African Bot. 40: 140 (1974)
Distribution: Madagascar; Comores
29 COM MDG
Remarks: genus wrong, probably in Pseudocyclosorus-Trigonospora clade
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium distans (Hook.) Kuhn; Filic. Afr. 209 (1868)
= Aspidium mascarenense (Baker) Kuhn; Reisen Ost-Afr. [Decken] 3(3): Bot. 65 (1879) (non Kaulf. ex Spreng. (1827))
= Cyclosorus distans (Hook.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 244 (1941)
= Cyclosorus distans var. mascarensis (Baker) Tardieu; Fl. Madagasc. Fam. 5e: 297 (1958)
= Cyclosorus eurostotrichus (Baker) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 244 (1941)
= Dryopteris distans (Hook.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 812 (1891)
= Dryopteris distans var. eurostotricha (Baker) C.Chr.; Cat. Pl. Madag., Pterid. 25 (1932)
= Dryopteris eurostotricha (Baker) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 263 (1905)
= Dryopteris mascarenensis (Baker) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)
= Nephrodium distans Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 4: 76, in obs. (1862), ex Baker, Syn. Fil. [W. J. Hooker & Baker] 288 (1867)
= Nephrodium eurostotrichum Baker; J. Bot. 18: 329 (1880)
= Nephrodium mascarenense (Baker) Baker; Syn. Fil. [W. J. Hooker & Baker], ed. 2: 503 (1874)
= Polypodium mascarenense Baker; Syn. Fil. [W. J. Hooker & Baker], ed. 1: 455 (1868)
= Thelypteris distans (Hook.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 273 (1968)
= Thelypteris eurostotricha (Baker) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 276 (1968)
= Thelypteris mascarenensis (Baker) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 291 (1968)
species :
Christella ensifera (Tagawa) Holttum ex C.M.Kuo; H. L. Liu et al., Fl. Taiwan 1: 406 (1975)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Taiwan
36 CHI 38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Christella acuminata monstr. kuliangensis (Ching) Nakaike; New Fl. Japan, Pterid. 839 (1992)
= Christella acuminata var. kuliangensis (Ching) C.M.Kuo; Fl. Taiwan 1: 404 (1975)
= Christella ×acuminatoides (W.C.Shieh & J.L.Tsai) Y.H.Chang; Taiwania 64(4): 380 (2019)
= Cyclosorus abbreviatus Ching & K.H.Shing; Jiangxi Sci. 8(3): 45 (1990) (possibly a hybrid C. acuminatus x aridus)
= Cyclosorus acuminatus f. ensipinnus (Hayata) H.Itô; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 51(608): 712 (1937)
= Cyclosorus acuminatus var. acuminatoides W.C.Shieh & J.L.Tsai; J. Sci. Engin. (Natl. Chung-Hsing Univ.) 24: 8, pl. 3 (1987)
= Cyclosorus acuminatus var. kuliangensis Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 192 (1938)
= Cyclosorus ensifer (Tagawa) W.C.Shieh; J. Sci. Engin. (Natl. Chung-Hsing Univ.) 13: 42 (1976)
= Cyclosorus gaoxiongensis Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 344 (1999)
= Cyclosorus kuliangensis (Ching) K.H.Shing; Fl. Jiangxi 1: 207 (1993)
= Cyclosorus subnamburensis Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 341 (1999)
= Dryopteris ensifera Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 6: 89 (1937)
= Dryopteris sophoroides f. ensipinna Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 4: 180-181, f. 118 (1918), nom. nud.
= Thelypteris abbreviata (Ching & K.H.Shing) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 25 (2018)
= Thelypteris acuminata var. kuliangensis (Ching) K.Iwats.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 21: 40 (1964)
= Thelypteris ensifera (Tagawa) K.Iwats.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 21: 40 (1964)
species :
Christella euphlebia (Ching) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 328 (1976)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, S-Guizhou, S-Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Mizoram, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, West Bengal, Nagaland, Meghalaya); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Kachin, etc.); Thailand (N-Thailand, SW-Thailand); Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia
36 CHI TIB 40 BAN IND NEP SRL 41 MYA THA VIE 42 MLY
Remarks: according to genetics it might belong to Pseudocyclosorus
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium articulatum (Houlston & T.Moore) E.J.Lowe; Ferns 6: t. 49 (1857), non Sw. 1801
= Aspidium eminens Bedd.; J. Bot. 26: 4 (1888)
= Cyclosorus angustipinnatus C.Chr. & Tardieu ex Tardieu; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 87 369, t. 3 (1941)
= Cyclosorus articulatus (Houlston & T.Moore) Panigrahi; Res. J. Pl. Environ. 9: 66 (1993)
= Cyclosorus euphlebius Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 226 (1938)
= Cyclosorus indicus (Alderw.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 245 (1941)
= Cyclosorus iridescens Ching; (1976), nom. nud.
= Cyclosorus laetestrigosus (C.B.Clarke) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 227 (1938), nom. superfl.
= Cyclosorus nigrescens Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 348 (1999)
= Cyclosorus transitorius Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 347 (1999)
= Cyclosorus yunnanensis Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 348 (1999)
= Dryopteris indica Alderw.; Malayan Ferns 224 (1909)
= Nephrodium articulatum Houlston & T.Moore; Gard. Mag. Bot. 3: 293 (1851)
= Nephrodium glandulosum var. laetestrigosum C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot., ser. 2, 1: 532, t. 74 (1880)
= Pronephrium articulatum (Houlston & T.Moore) Holttum; Blumea 21 (1) 116 (1972)
= Thelypteris angustipinnata (C.Chr. & Tardieu ex Tardieu) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 260 (1968)
= Thelypteris articulata (Houlston & T.Moore) Panigrahi; Phytologia 31(5): 371 (1975), isonym
= Thelypteris articulata (Houlston & T.Moore) Tagawa & K.Iwats.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 26: 169 (1975)
= Thelypteris euphlebia (Ching) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 275 (1968)
= Thelypteris indica (Alderw.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 284 (1968)
= Thelypteris laetestrigosa (C.B.Clarke) K.Iwats.; H. Hara, Fl. E. Himal. 484 (1966)
species :
Christella evoluta (C.B.Clarke ex Bedd.) Holttum; Companion Ferns Brit. India [Nayar & Kaur] 208 (1974)
Distribution: China (Chongqing, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Yunnan); Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, West Bengal); ?Bangladesh; Myanmar; N-Thailand; Laos
36 CHI 40 BHU IND 41 LAO MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus chingii Z.Y.Liu; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 3(4): 25 (1983)
= Cyclosorus evolutus (C.B.Clarke ex Bedd.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 219 (1938)
= Cyclosorus flaccidus Ching & Z.Y.Liu; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 3(4): 24 (1983)
= Dryopteris evoluta (C.B.Clarke) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 263 (1906)
= Nephrodium amboinense var. evolutum C.B.Clarke; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 24: 417 (1888)
= Nephrodium evolutum (C.B.Clarke) Bedd.; Suppl. Ferns Brit. Ind. 76 (1892)
= Thelypteris chingii (Z.Y.Liu) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 28 (2018)
= Thelypteris evoluta (C.B.Clarke) Tagawa & K.Iwats.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 22: 101 (1967)
species :
Christella friesii (Brause) Holttum; J. S. African Bot. 40: 145 (1974)
Distribution: Cameroon; Congo [Brazzaville]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe
23 CMN CON ZAI 25 KEN TAN 26 ANG MLW ZAM ZIM
Remarks: genus wrong, probably in Pseudocyclosorus - Trigonospora clade
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus friesii (Brause) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 45 (2013)
= Dryopteris friesii Brause; Fries, Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. Rhodesia-Kongo-Exped. 1911-12, Bot. 1: 1 (1914)
= Thelypteris friesii (Brause) Schelpe; Bol. Soc. Brot., ser. 2, 41: 216 (1967)
species :
Christella fukienensis (Ching) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 318 (1976)
Distribution: China (Fujian, N-Guangdong, S-Hunan, S-Jiangxi, S-Zhejiang)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus dehuaensis Ching & K.H.Shing; Fl. Fujianica 1: 599 (1982)
= Cyclosorus fraxinifolius Ching & K.H.Shing; Fl. Fujianica 1: 599 (1982)
= Cyclosorus fukienensis Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 209 (1938)
= Cyclosorus luoqingensis Ching & C.F.Zhang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 3(3): 6-7, f. 6 (1983)
= Cyclosorus nanlingensis Ching ex K.H.Shing & J.F.Cheng; Jiangxi Sci. 8(3): 46 (1990)
= Cyclosorus oppositipinnus Ching & Z.Y.Liu; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 4(3): 15 (1984) (tentative synonym)
= Cyclosorus paucipinnus Ching & C.F.Zhang ex K.H.Shing; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 349 (1999), nom. inval.
= Cyclosorus pseudocuneatus Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 348 (1999)
= Thelypteris fukienensis (Ching) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 278 (1968)
= Thelypteris helmsdeepensis Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 31 (2018), nom. nov. for Cyclosorus oppositipinnus Ching & Z. Y. Liu (tentative synonym)
= Thelypteris pseudocuneata (Ching ex K.H.Shing) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 36 (2018)
species :
Christella gretheri (W.H.Wagner) Holttum; Allertonia 1(3): 219 (1977)
Distribution: Northern Marianas (Rota Isl.); Guam
62 GUM MRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Lastrea gretheri Wagner; Pacific Sci. 2: 214, f. 1 (1948)
= Thelypteris gretheri (W.H.Wagner) Stone; Micronesica 2: 135 (1967)
= Cyclosorus gretheri (W.H.Wagner) Lorence; Micronesica 43(1): 90 (2012)
species :
Christella guamensis Holttum; Allertonia 1(3): 222 (1977)
Distribution: Northern Marianas (Rota Isl.); Guam
62 GUM MRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Thelypteris guamensis (Holttum) Fosberg & Sachet; Amer. Fern J. 71(3): 82 (1981)
= Cyclosorus guamensis (Holttum) Lorence; Micronesica 43(1): 91 (2012)
species :
Christella gueinziana (Mett.) Holttum; J. S. African Bot. 40: 147 (1974)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Sudan; Ethiopia; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (North West, Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]; ?St. Helena; Madagascar; La Réunion
23 BUR RWA ZAI 24 ETH SUD 25 KEN TAN 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 LES SAF SWZ 29 MDG REU
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium gueinzianum Mett.; Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 2(2) [Pheg. u. Asp.]: 367-368 [Pheg. u. Asp. 83, no. 201] (1858), as ´gueintzianum´
= Cyclosorus gueinziana (Mett.) J.P.Roux; Strelitzia 29: 820 (2012)
= Cyclosorus gueinzianus (Mett.) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 45 (2013), isonym
= Dryopteris gueinziana (Mett.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 269 (1905)
= Lastrea gueinziana (Mett.) T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 93 (1858)
= Nephrodium gueinzianum (Mett.) Hieron.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 341 (1900)
= Thelypteris gueinziana (Mett.) Schelpe; J. S. African Bot. 31: 262, f. la (1965)
species :
Christella guineensis (Christ) Holttum; J. S. African Bot. 40: 145 (1974)
Distribution: Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Nigeria; Angola; Zambia
22 GUI LBR NGA SIE 26 ANG ZAM
Remarks: genus wrong, probably in Pseudocyclosorus - Trigonospora clade
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus guineensis (Christ) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 45 (2013)
= Dryopteris guineensis Christ; J. Bot. (Morot) 22: 22 (1909)
= Thelypteris guineensis (Christ) Alston; Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. 1: 48 (1952)
species :
Christella gustavi (Bedd.) Holttum; Companion Ferns Brit. India [Nayar & Kaur] 208 (1974)
Distribution: China (W-Yunnan); India (Assam State, Jharkhand, Meghalaya, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh); Myanmar; Thailand
36 CHI 40 IND 41 MYA THA
Conservation Status: IUCN EN for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012)
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus gustavi (Bedd.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 215 (1938)
= Dryopteris gustavi (Bedd.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 269 (1905)
= Nephrodium evolutum var. gustavi Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India Suppl. 77 (1892)
= Nephrodium gustavi (Bedd.) Bedd.; J. Bot. 31: 227 (1893)
= Nephrodium procurrens var. microlobum C.B.Clarke & Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 24: 416 (1888)
= Thelypteris gustavi (Bedd.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 281 (1968)
species :
Christella harveyi (Mett.) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31: 306 (1976)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch. (Admiralty Isl., New Britain, New Ireland); Solomon Isl. (Gizo, Guadalcanal, Santa Ysabel, Malaita, Mono, Nggela, Rendova, Tulagi, Ulawa); New Caledonia; Vanuatu; Tonga (Late Isl., ´Eua, Tofua); Fiji (Viti Levu, Koro, Vanua Levu, Ovalau, Taveuni); Wallis & Futuna (Wallis Isl.); American Samoa (Tutuila, Aunu´u, Ofu, Olosega, Ta´u); [Western] Samoa (Aleipata Isl., Savai´i, ´Upolu)
42 NWG 43 BIS SOL 60 ASA FIJ NWC SAM TON VAN WAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium germinyi Linden; Ill. Hort. 27: 163, t. 402 (1880)
= Aspidium harveyi Mett.; Kuhn, Linnaea 36: 115 (1869)
= Aspidium obliquatum Mett.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4, 14: 75 (1861)
= Cyclosorus euaensis (Copel.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 244 (1941)
= Cyclosorus harveyi (Mett.) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 45 (2013)
= Dryopteris euaensis Copel.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 12: 391 (1931)
= Dryopteris harveyi (Mett.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 812 (1891)
= Dryopteris obliquata (Mett.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)
= Dryopteris sangnellii (Baker) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 291 (1905)
= Lastrea euaensis (Copel.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 138 (1947)
= Lastrea harveyi (Mett.) Carruth.; Fl. Vit. [Seemann] 359 (1873)
= Lastrea obliquata (Mett.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 139 (1947)
= Nephrodium harveyi (Mett.) Baker; Syn. Fil. [W. J. Hooker & Baker], ed. 2: 497 (1874)
= Nephrodium obliquatum (Mett.) Baker; Syn. Fil. [W. J. Hooker & Baker] 264 (1867)
= Nephrodium sangnellii Baker; Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 5: 318 (1891)
= Polypodium affine E.J.Lowe; Ferns 2: t. 50 (1858), nom. illeg.
= Thelypteris harveyi (Mett.) Brownlie ex H.St.John & A.C.Sm.; Pacific Sci. 25: 318 (1971), isonym
= Thelypteris harveyi (Mett.) Proctor ex K.Iwats.; Amer. Fern J. 53: 133 (1963)
= Thelypteris novae-hiberniae Holttum; Dansk Bot. Ark. 25, 2: 50 (1967)
= Thelypteris obliquata (Mett.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 253 (1941)
variant :
var. connivens Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 307 (1976)
Distribution: Solomon Isl. (Guadalcanal)
43 SOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus connivens (Holttum) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 45 (2013)
species :
Christella hispidula (Decne.) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31: 312 (1976)
Name: Hairy Maiden Fern
Distribution: Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Nigeria; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; São Tomé; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; E-Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); ?Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte); Mauritius; La Réunion; ?Seychelles; India (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, ?Odisha, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka; Myanmar (Kachin, etc.); Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Cameron Highlands, Pahang); Sumatra; Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah); Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Lombok, Timor, etc.); Moluccas; Moluccas (Seram); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch. (Admiralty Isl.); Australia (E-Queensland, New South Wales, South Australia); Vanuatu; Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic); Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Croix, Tortola); Antigua; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; St. Vincent; Grenada; Barbados; Tobago; Trinidad; Colombia (Amazonas, Antioquia, Boyacá, Caquetá, Cauca, Cesar, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Aragua, Bolívar, Carabobo, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Guarico, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Portuguesa, Sucre, Tachira, Trujillo, Yaracuy, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Galapagos; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija); Brazil (Alagoas, Amazonas, Amapá, Bahia, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Maranhão, Minas Gerais, Pará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Canindeyu, Central, Cordillera, Itapua, Paraguari); Uruguay (Paysandu, Rio Negro); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Santa Fe, Tucuman)
22 GHA IVO LBR NGA SIE 23 BIO CAF CON GAB RWA SAO ZAI 24 ETH SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 SAF 29 COM MAU REU 40 IND SRL 41 MYA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW SUL SUM 43 BIS 50 AUS 60 VAN 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 ABA BBD CUB DOM GDL GRE HIS JAM MAR MTS PUE STL STV TRT VIR 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU GAL PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Conservation Status: IUCN NT for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012)
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium germanii L´Herm. ex Fée; Mém. Foug. 11 (Hist. Foug. Antil.): 82 (1866)
= Aspidium hispidulum Decne.; Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 3: 346 (1834) non Sw.
= Aspidium purusense Christ; Hedwigia 45: 192 (1906)
= Christella quadrangularis (Fée) Holttum; Companion Ferns Brit. India [Nayar & Kaur] 207 (1974)
= Cyclosorus contiguus (Rosenst.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 11: 243 (1941)
= Cyclosorus falcatulus (Christ) Copel.; Fern Fl. Philipp. 1: 339 (1960)
= Cyclosorus goedenii (Rosenst.) Brade; Bradea 1: 206 (1972)
= Cyclosorus hirtopilosus (Rosenst.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 142 (1947)
= Cyclosorus hispidulus (Decne.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 245 (1941)
= Cyclosorus parasiticus subsp. manickirudorum (Fraser-Jenk. & Benniamin) Mazumdar & R.Mukhop.; Bionature33(1): 27 (2013)
= Cyclosorus quadrangularis (Fée) Tardieu; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 345 (1953)
= Cyclosorus repandulus (Alderw.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 248 (1941)
= Dryopteris contigua Rosenst.; Meded. Rijks-Herb. no. 31: 8 (1917)
= Dryopteris goedenii Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 4: 293 (1907)
= Dryopteris hirtopilosa Rosenst.; Meded. Rijks-Herb. no. 31: 7 (1917)
= Dryopteris hispidula (Decne.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)
= Dryopteris limonensis Christ; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 18 (1910)
= Dryopteris parasitica var. falcatula Christ; Philipp. J. Sci. 2: 197 (1907)
= Dryopteris parasitica var. glanduligera Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 304 (1909)
= Dryopteris quadrangularis (Fée) Alston; Box & Alston, J. Bot. 75: 253 (1937)
= Dryopteris repandula Alderw.; Nova Guinea 14: 20 (1924)
= Lastrea goedenii (Rosenst.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 139 (1947)
= Nephrodium decipiens Fée; Mém. Foug. 10 (Icon. Esp. Nouv.): 45 (1865)
= Nephrodium hispidulum (Decne.) Baker; Syn. Fil. [W. J. Hooker & Baker] 293 (1867)
= Nephrodium quadrangulare Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 308 (1852)
= Thelypteris contigua (Rosenst.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 269 (1968)
= Thelypteris falcatula (Christ) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 276 (1968)
= Thelypteris goedenii (Rosenst.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 279 (1968)
= Thelypteris hirtopilosa (Rosenst.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 283 (1968) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Thelypteris hispidula (Decne.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 283 (1968)
= Thelypteris parasitica subsp. manickirudorum Fraser-Jenk. & Benniamin; Taxon. Revis. Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes 186 (2008)
= Thelypteris quadrangularis (Fée) Schelpe; J. S. African Bot. 30: 196 (1964) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Thelypteris quadrangularis var. repens A.R.Sm.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 59: 67 (1971)
= Thelypteris repandula (Alderw.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 308 (1968) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
variant :
var. inconstans (C.Chr.) C.Sánchez; Brittonia 69(4): 497 (2017)
Distribution: Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic); Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Thomas, St. John, Tortola); St. Kitts; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Martinique; St. Vincent; Grenada
81 CUB GDL GRE HIS JAM MAR MTS PUE STK STV VIR
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus hispidulus var. inconstans (C.Chr.) Mazumdar & R.Mukhop.; Bionature 33(1): 22 (2013)
= Dryopteris dentata var. inconstans C.Chr.; Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 16(2): 27 (1936)
= Dryopteris grenadensis (Jenman) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 269 (1905)
= Nephrodium grenadense Jenman; Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 15: 198 (1894)
= Thelypteris hispidula var. inconstans (C.Chr.) Proctor; Amer. Fern J. 70(3): 89 (1980)
= Thelypteris quadrangularis var. inconstans (C.Chr.) A.R.Sm.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 59: 66 (1971)
variant :
var. versicolor (R.P.St.John) comb.ined.
Name: Roughhairy maiden fern
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, Texas); Costa Rica
77 USA 78 USA 80 COS
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus hispidulus var. versicolor (R.P.St.John) Mazumdar & R.Mukhop.; Bionature 33(1): 21 (2013)
= Dryopteris aureliana Riddell; New Orleans Med. Surg. J. 9: 617 (1853)
= Dryopteris macilenta (E.P.St.John) Correll; Amer. Fern J. 28: 53 (1938)
= Dryopteris versicolor (R.P.St.John) M.Broun; Index No. Amer. Ferns: 82 (1938)
= Thelypteris hispidula var. versicolor (R.P.St.John) Lellinger; Amer. Fern J. 71(3): 94 (1981)
= Thelypteris macilenta E.P.St.John; Amer. Fern J. 26: 50e 52, t. 5 (1936)
= Thelypteris quadrangularis var. versicolor (R.P.St.John) A.R.Sm.; Amer. Fern J. 71: 25 (1971)
= Thelypteris versicolor R.P.St.John; Ferns S. E. States [Small] 250 (1938)
species :
Christella hokouensis (Ching) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 327 (1977)
Distribution: China (SW-Guangxi, SE-Yunnan); ?NE-India (?Mizoram)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus hokouensis Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot., ser. 2, 1: 289 (1949)
= Cyclosorus similis Ching; (1976), nom. nud.
= Cyclosorus strigosus Ching; (1976), nom. nud.
= Thelypteris hokouensis (Ching) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 283 (1968)
species :
Christella jaculosa (Christ) Holttum; Webbia 30(1): 193 (1976)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, S-Jiangxi, Yunnan, S-Zhejiang); Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State, Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal); Myanmar; ?Thailand; Vietnam
36 CHI 38 TAI 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium jaculosum Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 4: 615 (1904)
= Christella subarida (Tatew. & Tagawa) Holttum ex C.M.Kuo; H. L. Li et al., Fl. Taiwan 1: 408 (1975)
= Cyclosorus aureoglandulifer Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 344 (1999)
= Cyclosorus aureolepidotus Ching; (1976), nom. nud.
= Cyclosorus houi Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot., ser. 2, 1: 290 (1949)
= Cyclosorus jaculosus (Christ) H.Itô; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 61: 725, f. 4 (1937)
= Cyclosorus pararidus Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 344 (1999)
= Cyclosorus simillimus Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 343 (1999), with two types designated.
= Cyclosorus sparsisorus Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 342 (1999)
= Cyclosorus subaridus Tatew. & Tagawa; Tagawa, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 7: 77 (1938)
= Cyclosorus sublaevis Ching; (1976), nom. nud.
= Dryopteris jaculosa (Christ) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 272 (1905)
= Nephrodium jaculosum (Christ) Hayata; Enum. Pl. Formosa 575 (1906)
= Thelypteris aureoglandulifera (Ching) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 27 (2018)
= Thelypteris houi (Ching) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 283 (1968)
= Thelypteris jaculosa (Christ) Panigrahi; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 496 (1975)
= Thelypteris subarida (Tatew. & Tagawa) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 317 (1968)
species :
Christella jinghongensis (Ching ex K.H.Shing) A.R.Sm. & S.E.Fawc.; Sida, Bot. Misc. 59: 35 (2021)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Hainan, S-Yunnan); Thailand; Vietnam
36 CHI 41 THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus aureoglandulosus Ching; (1976), nom. nud.
= Cyclosorus baiseensis Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 338 (1999)
= Cyclosorus jinghongensis Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 337 (1999)
= Cyclosorus oppositus Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 342 (1999)
= Cyclosorus pumilus Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 346 (1999)
= Thelypteris jinghongensis (Ching ex K.H.Shing) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 32 (2018)
species :
Christella latipinna (Benth.) H.Lév.; Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 474-476 (1915)
Distribution: China (incl. Hainan, Macao); Taiwan
36 CHI 38 TAI
Remarks: valid species separate from C. subpubescens fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2017)
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium latipinna (Benth.) Hance; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 13: 141 (1873)
= Aspidium molle var. latipinnum Benth.; Fl. Hongkong [Bentham] 455 (1861)
= Cyclosorus decipiens Ching; Fl. Fujianica 1: 599 (1982)
= Cyclosorus grossodentatus Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 332 (1999)
= Cyclosorus latipinnus (Benth.) Tardieu; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 7: 73 (1938)
= Cyclosorus nanpingensis Ching; Fl. Fujianica 1: 597 (1982)
= Cyclosorus oblanceolatus K.H.Shing & C.F.Zhang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 331 (1999)
= Cyclosorus papilionaceus K.H.Shing & C.F.Zhang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 332 (1999)
= Cyclosorus paralatipinnus Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 345 (1999)
= Dryopteris latipinna (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Dryopteris parasitica var. latipinna (Benth.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 5: 274 (1905)
= Nephrodium latipinna Hook.; Syn. Fil. [W. J. Hooker & Baker] 292 (1867)
= Nephrodium latipinnum (Benth.) Baker; Syn. Fil. [W. J. Hooker & Baker] 292 (1867)
= Thelypteris latipinna (Benth.) K.Iwats.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 21: 166 (1965) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
species :
Christella lebeufii (Baker) Holttum; Companion Ferns Brit. India [Nayar & Kaur] 206 (1974)
Distribution: Nepal; India (Assam State, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar; SW-Thailand; Cambodia; Vietnam
40 BAN IND NEP 41 CBD MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus biauritus (Bedd.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 197 (1938)
= Cyclosorus lebeufii (Baker) W.M.Chu; Acta Bot. Yunnan., Suppl. 5: 44 (1992)
= Dryopteris biaurita (Bedd.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 254 (1905)
= Dryopteris lebeufii (Baker) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 274 (1906)
= Nephrodium biauritum Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India Suppl. 68 (1892)
= Polypodium lebeufii Baker; Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 5: 461 (1891)
= Thelypteris biaurita (Bedd.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 263 (1968) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Thelypteris lebeufii (Baker) Panigrahi; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 498 (1975)
species :
Christella meeboldii (Rosenst.) Holttum; Companion Ferns Brit. India [Nayar & Kaur] 208 (1974)
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, ?Bihar, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, ?Mizoram, Odisha, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; ?Andaman Isl.; Myanmar; Thailand; peninsular Malaysia
40 BAN IND SRL 41 MYA THA 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Christella meeboldii (Rosenst.) Holttum; Fl. Hassan Distr. [Saldanha & Nicolson] 860 (1976), isonym
= Cyclosorus meeboldii (Rosenst.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 210 (1938)
= Dryopteris meeboldii Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 247 (1913)
= Thelypteris meeboldii (Rosenst.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 291 (1968)
species :
Christella microbasis (Baker) Holttum; J. S. African Bot. 40: 146 (1974)
Distribution: Senegal; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Mali; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Nigeria; Cameroon; Sudan; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zimbabwe
22 GHA GUI IVO LBR MLI NGA SEN SIE 23 CMN 24 SUD 25 KEN TAN 26 ANG ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus microbasis (Baker) Adams & Alston; Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. 1: 158 (1955)
= Dryopteris adenochlamys C.Chr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 370 (1911)
= Dryopteris microbasis (Baker) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)
= Lastrea microbasis (Baker) Pic.Serm.; Webbia 23: 175 (1968)
= Nephrodium microbasis Baker; Syn. Fil. [W. J. Hooker & Baker], ed. 2: 496 (1874)
= Thelypteris microbasis (Baker) Tardieu; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 344 (1953)
species :
Christella minima Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 304 (1976)
Distribution: Bismarck Arch. (New Ireland); Solomon Isl. (Choiseul)
43 BIS SOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Thelypteris neohibernica Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 34 (2018), nom. nov.
species :
Christella modesta Holttum; J. S. African Bot. 40: 144 (1974)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus modestus (Holttum) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 46 (2013)
= Thelypteris modesta (Holttum) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 34 (2018)
species :
Christella moluccana M.Kato; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 48(1): 56 (1997)
Distribution: Moluccas (Seram, Ambon)
42 MOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus moluccanus (M.Kato) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 46 (2013)
species :
Christella multiauriculata Punetha; J. Indian Bot. Soc. 69(1-2): 177 (1990)
Distribution: Pakistan; Nepal; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand); Bangladesh (Chittagong)
40 BAN IND NEP PAK
Remarks: confirmed as bona sp. by Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2017)
Synonyms: hidden
= Thelypteris polyotica Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 36 (2018), nom. nov. superfl.
= Thelypteris punethae Fraser-Jenk.; Annot. Checkl. Ind. Pterid. 1: 481 (2016), nom. nov.
species :
Christella multifrons (C.Chr.) Holttum; J. S. African Bot. 40: 145 (1974)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus multifrons (C.Chr.) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 46 (2013)
= Dryopteris multifrons C.Chr.; Notes Ptéridol. [Bonaparte] 16 172, t. 2 b (1925)
= Thelypteris multifrons (C.Chr.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 252 (1941)
species :
Christella namburensis (Bedd.) Holttum; Companion Ferns Brit. India [Nayar & Kaur] 206 (1974)
Distribution: India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State); Thailand
40 IND 41 THA
Conservation Status: IUCN EN for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012)
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus namburensis (Bedd.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 216 (1938)
= Dryopteris namburensis (Bedd.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 279 (1905)
= Nephrodium namburense Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India Suppl. 69 (1892)
= Thelypteris namburensis (Bedd.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 295 (1968)
species :
Christella nana Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 304 (1976)
Distribution: New Guinea (Biak Isl.)
42 NWG
Conservation Status: Only known from type
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus nanus (Holttum) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 46 (2013)
= Thelypteris shirensis Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 37 (2018), nom. nov.
species :
Christella nanxiensis (Ching ex K.H.Shing) A.R.Sm. & S.E.Fawc.; Sida, Bot. Misc. 59: 35 (2021)
Distribution: China (SE-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus nanxiensis Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 343 (1999)
= Thelypteris nanxiensis (Ching ex K.H.Shing) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 34 (2018)
species :
Christella oblancifolia (Tagawa) A.R.Sm. & S.E.Fawc.; Sida, Bot. Misc. 59: 35 (2021)
Distribution: China; Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Uttarakhand, Tripura, West Bengal, Nagaland); Bangladesh; Myanmar; Thailand; peninsular Malaysia
36 CHI 38 TAI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 MYA THA 42 MLY
Remarks: separate from C. dentata fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2017)
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus oblancifolius (Tagawa) Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 5(3): 190 (1936)
= Cyclosorus pseudoacuminatus Panigrahi & Sarn.Singh; Ferns Fern Allies Arunachal Pradesh 2: 696 (2005) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Cyclosorus siamensis var. khonsaensis Sarn.Singh; Ferns Fern Allies Arunachal Pradesh 2: 701 (2005)
= Dryopteris oblancifolia Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 5: 190 (1936)
= Thelypteris oblancifolia (Tagawa) Fraser-Jenk.; Annot. Checkl. Ind. Pterid. 1: 461 (2016)
= Thelypteris pseudoacuminata (Panigrahi & Sarn.Singh) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 36 (2018), nom. superfl.
species :
Christella pacifica Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 320 (1976)
Distribution: New Caledonia; Fiji (Viti Levu, Vanua Levu); American Samoa (Tutuila); [Western] Samoa
60 ASA FIJ NWC SAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Thelypteris middle-earthica Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 33 (2018), nom. nov.
species :
Christella papilio (C.Hope) Holttum; Companion Ferns Brit. India [Nayar & Kaur] 208 (1974)
Distribution: China (S-Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, ?Assam State, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Nagaland, Tamil Nadu, Jammu & Kashmir); Sri Lanka; Thailand; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Borneo (Sabah)
36 CHI TIB 38 TAI 40 BHU IND NEP SRL 41 THA VIE 42 BOR MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Christella dentata var. glabra Punetha & Kholia; J. Bombay Hist. Soc. 87(2): 266 (1990) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Cyclosorus dentatus var. glaber (Punetha & Kholia) Mazumdar & R.Mukhop.; Bionature33(1): 18 (2013)
= Cyclosorus papilio (C.Hope) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 214 (1938)
= Dryopteris papilio (C.Hope) C.Chr.; J. Bot. (Morot) 21(9): 230 (1908), nom. superfl.
= Nephrodium papilio C.Hope; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 12: 625, t. 12 (1899)
= Thelypteris papilio (C.Hope) K.Iwats.; Mem. Coll. Sci. Univ. Kyoto, Ser. B, Biol. 31, 175 (1965)
species :
Christella parasitica (L.) H.Lév.; Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 474-476 (1915) ex Y. H. Chang, Taiwania 64(4): 380 (2019)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Uganda; St. Helena; Mauritius; La Réunion; Ascension Isl.; China (Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Macao, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; Japan; Ryukyu Isl.; Bonin Isl. (Chichijima, Otohtojima, Nishinoshima, Hahajima, Imohtojima); Volcano Isl. (Kita-Iwojima, Minami-Iwojima, Iwojima); Taiwan; ?Pakistan (?Hazara); India (Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, ?Maharashtra, Meghalaya, ?Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Manipur); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Nicobar Isl.; Myanmar; Thailand (widespread); Laos; Vietnam; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Perak); Singapore [I]; Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah, Sarawak); Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Lombok); Moluccas (Seram); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Australia (E-Queensland); Norfolk Isl.; New Caledonia; Vanuatu; Tonga (Tongatapu, ´Eua); Fiji (Viti Levu, Vanua Levu, Taveuni); American Samoa (Tutuila, Ofu?); [Western] Samoa (Savai´i); Cook Isl. (Rarotonga, Mangaia, Atiu, Mitiaro); Gambier Isl. (Mangareva); Austral Isl. (Rapa Iti, Rurutu); Pitcairn Isl.; Palau; Guam; Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Molokai [I], Lanai [I], Kaho´olawe [I], Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I])
23 RWA ZAI 25 UGA 28 ASC STH 29 MAU REU 36 CHI TIB 38 JAP KZN NNS OGA TAI 40 BAN IND SRL 41 LAO MYA NCB THA VIE 42 BOR LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW sng SUL 50 AUS NFK 60 ASA FIJ NWC SAM TON VAN 61 AUI COO GBI PIT 62 GUM PLU 63 haw
Remarks: Inclusion of C. procurrens following many authors including Handbook of Ceylon, but this is kept separate by Fl. of China. The St. Helena population formerly listed as C. dentata belongs to C. parasitica fide Lambdon 2012
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium adultum Wikstr.; Kongl. Vetensk. Akad. Handl. 1825: 437 (1826)
= Aspidium canescens Wall.; Numer. List. [Wallich] no. 354 (1829), nomen
= Aspidium hirsutulum Buch.-Ham.; Wall., Numer. List no. 2240 (1829), nomen
= Aspidium molle var. didymosorum (Parish ex Bedd.) Benth.; Fl. Austral. 7: p. ? (1878)
= Aspidium nymphale Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 157 (1828)
= Aspidium parasiticum (L.) Christ; Bot. Tidsskr. 24(1): 109 (1901), nom. superfl.
= Aspidium parasiticum (L.) Sw.; J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 35 (1801)
= Aspidium parasiticum var. didymosorum (Parish ex Bedd.) Christ; Monsunia 1: 78 (1900)
= Aspidium patens (Sw.) Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 157 (1828) (et auctt. plur.)
= Aspidium patens Sw.; J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 34 (1801)
= Aspidium procurrens Mett.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 231 (1863)
= Aspidium solutum Wall.; Numer. List. [Wallich] no. 350 (1829), nomen
= Aspidium tectum Wall.; Numer. List. [Wallich] no. 394 (1829), nomen
= Asplenium gaudichaudii Mett.; Kuhn, Linnaea 36: 103 (1869)
= Cyclosorus albociliatus (Copel.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 242 (1941)
= Cyclosorus attenuatus Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 341 (1999)
= Cyclosorus aureoglandulosus Ching & K.H.Shing; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 3(3): 4 (1983)
= Cyclosorus benguetensis Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 81: 28 (1952)
= Cyclosorus brevipes Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 336 (1999) (possibly a hybrid)
= Cyclosorus chengii Ching ex K.H.Shing & J.F.Cheng; Jiangxi Sci. 8(3): 44 (1990)
= Cyclosorus damingshanensis Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 339 (1999)
= Cyclosorus didymosorus (C.S.P.Parish ex Bedd.) B.K.Nayar & S.Kaur; Companion Ferns Brit. India 68 (1974)
= Cyclosorus excelsior Ching & K.H.Shing; Fl. Fujianica 1: 598 (1982)
= Cyclosorus griffithianus (Fée) Panigrahi; Indian Fern J. 9: 240-252 (1992 publ. 1993)
= Cyclosorus hainanensis Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 9: 362 (1964)
= Cyclosorus kweichowensis Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 335 (1999)
= Cyclosorus laui Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 9: 362 (1964)
= Cyclosorus mollissimus Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 347 (1999)
= Cyclosorus multisorus Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 334 (1999)
= Cyclosorus orientalis Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 333 (1999)
= Cyclosorus parasiticus (L.) Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 259 (1931)
= Cyclosorus parasiticus (L.) Tardieu; Tardieu & C. Chr., Notul. Syst. (Paris) 7: 75 (1938)
= Cyclosorus parasiticus var. formosanus Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 205 (1938)
= Cyclosorus parvifolius Ching; Fl. Fujianica 1: 598 (1982)
= Cyclosorus pauciserratus Ching & C.F.Zhang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 3(3): 8 (1983)
= Cyclosorus procurrens (Mett.) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 328 (1963), nom. superfl.
= Cyclosorus procurrens (Mett.) Copel.; Fern Fl. Philipp. 1: 340 (1960) [nomen tantum]
= Cyclosorus pygmaeus Ching & C.F.Zhang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 3(3): 5 (1983)
= Cyclosorus rupicola Ching; Fl. Fujianica 1: 598 (1982), non (Hosokawa) Lorence
= Cyclosorus xunwuensis Ching ex K.H.Shing & J.F.Cheng; Jiangxi Sci. 8(3): 44 (1990)
= Cyclosorus yandongensis Ching & K.H.Shing; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 3(3): 7 (1983)
= Diplazium gaudichaudii (Mett.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 232 (1905)
= Dryopteris albociliata Copel.; J. Arnold Arbor. 10: 177 (1929)
= Dryopteris didymosora (C.S.P.Parish ex Bedd.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 262 (1905)
= Dryopteris eriochlamys Christ; J. Bot. (Morot) 21: 230, 261 (1908)
= Dryopteris mollis var. subglabra Hosok.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 26: 78 (1936)
= Dryopteris parasitica (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 811 (1891)
= Dryopteris parasitica var. aureoglandulosa Bonap.; Notes Ptéridol. 7: 149 (1918)
= Dryopteris parasitica var. didymosora (Parish ex Bedd.) Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 20(85): 50 (1915)
= Dryopteris parasitica var. mangarevensis E.D.Br.; Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 89 [Fl. S. E. Polynesia II]: 23 (1931)
= Dryopteris parasitica var. pitcairnensis E.D.Br.; Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 89 [Fl. S. E. Polynesia II]: 23 (1931)
= Dryopteris parasitica var. procurrens (Mett.) Rosenst.; Hedwigia 46: 131 (1906)
= Dryopteris parasitica var. rapensis E.D.Br.; Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 89 [Fl. S. E. Polynesia II]: 23 (1931)
= Dryopteris parasitica var. rurutuensis E.D.Br.
= Dryopteris procurrens (Mett.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)
= Filix parasitica (L.) Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 18: 81-83 (1916)
= Lastrea pellita (Desv.) C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 6 [Epim. Bot.]: 37 (1851)
= Nephrodium didymosorum Parish ex Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India t. 200 (1866)
= Nephrodium griffithianum Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 305-306 (1852) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Nephrodium molle var. didymosorum (Parish ex Bedd.) Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India 279 (1883)
= Nephrodium parasiticum (L.) Desv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6(2): 260 (1827)
= Nephrodium patens (Sw.) J.Sm.; Cat. Cult. Ferns: 54 (1857)
= Nephrodium pellitum Desv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6(2): 255 (1827)
= Nephrodium procurrens (Mett.) Baker; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 290 (1867)
= Nephrodium tectum Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India Suppl. 79 (1892)
= Polypodium diversifrons Klotzsch; Kunze, Linnaea 23: 278 (1850)
= Polypodium hirtum Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 11: t. 79 (1831)
= Polypodium nemorale Wall.; Numer. List. [Wallich] no. 317 (1829), nomen
= Polypodium parasiticum L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 1090 (1753)
= Thelypteris albociliata (Copel.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 259 (1968)
= Thelypteris aureoglandulosa (Ching & K.H.Shing) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 27 (2018)
= Thelypteris benguetensis (Copel.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 263 (1968)
= Thelypteris brevipes (Ching) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 28 (2018)
= Thelypteris didymosora (C.S.P.Parish ex Bedd.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 272 (1968)
= Thelypteris fadenii Fosberg & Sachet; Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 8: 9 (1972) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Thelypteris griffithiana (Fée) Panigrahi; Phytologia 31: 370 (1975), non (T. Moore) C. F. Reed (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Thelypteris hattivattiorum Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 35 (2018), nom. nov. for Cyclosorus multisorus Ching
= Thelypteris moriana Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 34 (2018), nom. nov. for Cyclosorus attenuatus Ching ex K. H. Shing
= Thelypteris orientalis (Ching ex K.H.Shing) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 35 (2018)
= Thelypteris parasitica (L.) Fosberg; Occas. Pap. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 23: 30 (1962), isonym
= Thelypteris parasitica (L.) K.Iwats.; Mem. Coll. Sci. Univ. Kyoto, Ser. B, Biol. 31: 172 (1965), isonym
= Thelypteris parasitica (L.) Tardieu; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 7: 75 (1938)
= Thelypteris parasitica var. formosana (Ching) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17(4): 302 (1968)
= Thelypteris parvifolia (Ching) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 35 (2018)
= Thelypteris pauciserrata (Ching & C.F.Zhang) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 35 (2018)
= Thelypteris procurrens (Mett.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 306 (1968)
= Thelypteris pygmaea (Ching & C.F.Zhang) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 36 (2018)
species :
Christella peekelii (Alderw.) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31: 306 (1976)
Distribution: Bismarck Arch. (New Britain)
43 BIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus peekelii (Alderw.) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 46 (2013)
= Dryopteris peekelii Alderw.; Bull. Dépt. Agric. Indes Néerl. 18: 7 (1908)
= Thelypteris peekelii (Alderw.) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 35 (2018)
species :
Christella perpubescens (Alston) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31: 304 (1976)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Solomon Isl. (Guadalcanal, Malaita)
42 NWG 43 SOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Christella calcarea Glenny; ined.
= Cyclosorus perpubescens (Alston) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 46 (2013)
= Dryopteris perpubescens Alston; J. Bot. 78: 227 (1940) (Oct.), Nova Guinea, ser. 2, 4: 111, t. 8(9-10) (1940) (Dec.)
= Lastrea perpubescens (Alston) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 78: 424 (1951)
= Thelypteris perpubescens (Alston) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 303 (1968)
species :
Christella procera (D.Don) Mazumdar; Int. J. Advanced Res. 3(2): 5060 (2017)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Gujarat); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Kachin, Chin, etc.); Thailand
36 CHI TIB 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 MYA THA
Remarks: see taxonomic debate and type identification of Nephrodium procerum in Fraser-Jenkins (2008)
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium appendiculatum Wall.; Numer. List. [Wallich] no. 349 (1829), nomen, non Blume (1828)
= Aspidium appendiculatum Wall. ex Mett.; Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 2(4): 102 (1858), non Blume 1828
= Aspidium procerum (D.Don) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(1): 102 (1827)
= Christella appendiculata (Wall. ex C.Presl) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 311 (1976)
= Cyclosorus appendiculatus (C.Presl) K.H.Shing; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 199 (1999), isonym, non (Blume) Ching 1941
= Cyclosorus appendiculatus (C.Presl) Panigrahi; Res. J. Pl. Environ. 10: 242 (1993), non (Blume) Ching 1941
= Cyclosorus dulongjiangensis W.M.Chu; Acta Bot. Yunnan., Suppl. 5: 44 (1992)
= Cyclosorus procerus (D.Don) S.Linds. & D.J.Middleton; Nordic J. Bot. 30(3): 308 (2012)
= Cyclosorus sledgei Panigrahi & Sarn.Singh; Ferns Fern Allies Arunachal Pradesh 2: 704 (2005) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Dryopteris wallichii Rosenst.; Meded. Rijks-Herb. no. 31: 6 (1917)
= Lastrea appendiculata C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 75 (1836), nom. nud.
= Nephrodium appendiculatum Wall. ex C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 6: 47 (1851), non Schott (1834), nom. nud.
= Nephrodium extensum var. laterepens C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot., ser. 2, 1: 530 (1880)
= Nephrodium extensum var. microsorum C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot., ser. 2, 1: 530 (1880)
= Nephrodium hopei Baker; Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 6: 326 (1891), nom. nov. for N microsorum (C. B. Clarke) Bedd.
= Nephrodium microsorum (C.B.Clarke) Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India 270 (1883) (non Hook. (1862) nec Endl.)
= Nephrodium molliusculum Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India Suppl. 68 (1892) (nom. nov. superfl. for N. microsorum (C. B. Clarke) Bedd., non Thelypteris molliuscula (Kuhn) K. Iwats. 1966)
= Nephrodium procerum D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 6 (1825)
= Thelypteris appendiculoides Fraser-Jenk.; New Species Syndr. Indian Pteridol. 256 (1997), nom. nov. for Nephrodium appendiculatum C. Presl
= Thelypteris hobbitonica Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 31 (2018), nom. nov. for Cyclosorus sledgei Panigrahi & Sarn. Singh
= Thelypteris procera (D.Don) Fraser-Jenk.; Taxon. Revis. Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes (2008)
species :
Christella prolixa (Willd.) Holttum; Amer. Fern J. 63: 83 (1973)
Distribution: St. Helena
28 STH
Remarks: status uncertain, not mentioned in Lambdon (2012)
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium prolixum Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 5(1): 251 (1810)
= Cyclosorus prolixus (Willd.) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 46 (2013)
= Dryopteris prolixa (Willd.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)
= Lastrea glandulifera T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 93 (1858)
= Lastrea prolixa (Willd.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 75 (1836)
= Nephrodium appendiculatum Schott; Gen. Fil. (Vindob.) ad t. 10 (1834)
= Nephrodium prolixum (Willd.) Desv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6(2): 256 (1827)
= Nephrodium tetragonum Bojer; Hortus Maurit. 393 (1837)
= Thelypteris prolixa (Willd.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 254 (1941)
species :
Christella pseudogueintziana (Bonap.) J.P.Roux; Strelitzia 23: 204 (2009)
Distribution: Cameroon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Sudan
23 CMN CON 24 SUD
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus pseudogueintzianus (Bonap.) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 46 (2013)
= Dryopteris pseudogueintziana Bonap.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État. Bruxelles 4: 4 (1913)
= Thelypteris pseudogueintziana (Bonap.) Alston; Ferns W. Trop. Afr. 61 (1959)
species :
Christella queenslandica (Holttum) A.R.Field & Z.Bloesch; Austrobaileya 13: 43 (2023)
Distribution: Australia (NE-Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Amblovenatum queenslandicum (Holttum) T.E.Almeida & A.R.Field; Austral. Syst. Bot. 33(1): 68 (2020)
= Amphineuron queenslandicum Holttum; Kew Bull. 41(3): 518 (1986)
= Cyclosorus queenslandicus (Holttum) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 46 (2013)
= Thelypteris queenslandica (Holttum) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 36 (2018)
species :
Christella rupicola (Hosok.) Holttum; Allertonia 1(3): 217 (1977)
Distribution: Palau (Ulebsechel)
62 PLU
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus rupiinsularis (Fosberg) Lorence; Micronesica 43(1): 91 (2012), nom. nov.
= Dryopteris rupicola Hosok.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 26: 73 (1936) (non C. Chr.)
= Glaphyropteris rupicola (Hosok.) Hosok.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 32: 285 (1942)
= Thelypteris hosokawana Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 32 (2018), nom. nov. for Dryopteris rupicola Hosok.
= Thelypteris rupiinsularis Fosberg; Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 45: 5 (1980), nom. nov.
species :
Christella scaberula (Ching) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 329 (1976)
Distribution: China (Hainan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus scaberulus Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 223 (1938)
= Thelypteris scaberula (Ching) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 312 (1968)
species :
Christella semisagittata (Roxb. ex Griff.) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 334 (1977)
Distribution: India (Meghalaya, Assam State, Mizoram, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Nicobar Isl.; Myanmar
40 BAN IND SRL 41 MYA NCB
Remarks: inclusion of C. zeylanica fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2017)
Synonyms: hidden
= Christella zeylanica (Fée) Holttum; Companion Ferns Brit. India [Nayar & Kaur] 201 (1974)
= Cyclosorus semisagittatus (Roxb.) Panigrahi; Pl. Sci. Res. (India) 20(1-2): 27 (1998)
= Cyclosorus semisagittatus (Roxb.) Mazumdar & R.Mukhop.; Bionature33(1): 30 (2013), isonym
= Nephrodium zeylanicum Fée; Mém. Foug. 10 (Icon. Esp. Nouv.): 42 (1865) (non Thelypteris zeylanica Ching)
= Polypodium semisagittatum Roxb. ex Griff.; Calcutta J. Nat. Hist. 4: 491 (1844)
= Thelypteris hobbitorum Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 31 (2018), nom. nov. for Nephrodium zeylanicum Fée
= Thelypteris semisagittata (Roxb. ex Griff.) C.V.Morton; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 38: 360 (1974)
= Thelypteris srilankensis Panigrahi; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 499 (1975), nom. nov. for N. zeylanicum
species :
Christella shimenensis (K.H.Shing & C.M.Zhang) A.R.Sm. & S.E.Fawc.; Sida, Bot. Misc. 59: 35 (2021)
Distribution: China (Chongqing, Guizhou, Hunan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus shimenensis K.H.Shing & C.M.Zhang; Keys Vasc. Pl. Wuling Mts. 565 (1995)
= Cyclosorus wangmoensis K.H.Shing ex P.S.Wang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 333 (1999)
= Thelypteris shimenensis (K.H.Shing & C.M.Zhang) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 37 (2018)
species :
Christella siamensis (Tagawa & K.Iwats.) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 332 (1977)
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan); N-India; Thailand
36 CHI 40 IND 41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus siamensis (Tagawa & K.Iwats.) W.M.Chu; Fl. Yunnanica 20: 600 (2006), isonym
= Thelypteris siamensis Tagawa & K.Iwats.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 22: 101, f. 5 (1967)
= Cyclosorus siamensis (Tagawa & K.Iwats.) Panigrahi; Res. J. Pl. Environ. 9: 67 (1993)
species :
Christella sledgei (Fraser-Jenk.) Ranil; Phytotaxa 511(2): 184 (2021)
Distribution: India (Sikkim); Sri Lanka; peninsular Malaysia
40 IND SRL 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Christella papilio var. repens Sledge; Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. 8(1): 37 (1981)
= Thelypteris sledgei Fraser-Jenk.; New Species Syndr. Indian Pteridol. 266 (1997)
species :
Christella subacuta (Ching) A.R.Sm. & S.E.Fawc.; Sida, Bot. Misc. 59: 35 (2021)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangxi, S-Zhejiang)
36 CHI
Remarks: not in Taiwan
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus subacutus Ching; Fl. Fujianica 1: 598 (1982)
= Cyclosorus sahsiensis Ching; (1976), nom. nud.
= Thelypteris subacuta (Ching) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 38 (2018)
species :
Christella subdentata Holttum; Kew Bull. 31: 335 (1976)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah); Philippines (Cavite, Lubang Island, Mindoro Occidental)
42 BOR PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Thelypteris subdentata (Holttum) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 38 (2018)
species :
Christella subelata (Baker) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 331 (1977)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, S-Yunnan); India (Manipur, Meghalaya); N-Myanmar; Thailand (fairly widespread); Laos
36 CHI 40 IND 41 LAO MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Christella assamica (Bedd.) Holttum; Companion Ferns Brit. India [Nayar & Kaur] 210 (1974)
= Cyclosorus assamicus (Bedd.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 220 (1938)
= Cyclosorus subelatus (Baker) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 224 (1938)
= Dryopteris subelata (Baker) C.Chr.; Index Filic., Suppl. 2 (1906-1912): 40 (1913)
= Nephrodium multilineatum var. assamicum Bedd.; J. Bot. 31: 228 (1893)
= Nephrodium subelatum Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1906: 11 (1906)
= Thelypteris assamica (Bedd.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 261 (1968) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Thelypteris subelata (Baker) K.Iwats.; J. Jap. Bot. 38: 315 (1963), isonym
species :
Christella subjuncta (Baker) Holttum; Allertonia 1(3): 220 (1977)
Distribution: American Samoa (Tutuila); [Western] Samoa (´Upolu)
60 ASA SAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium subjunctum (Baker) Christ; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 354 (1896)
= Dryopteris subjuncta (Baker) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 296 (1905)
= Nephrodium subjunctum Baker; Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 5: 321 (1891)
= Thelypteris subjuncta (Baker) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 38 (2018)
species :
Christella subpubescens (Blume) Holttum; Webbia 30: 193 (1976)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, S-Yunnan, S-Zhejiang); Japan; Ryukyu Isl.; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State, Meghalaya, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl.; Myanmar; Thailand (widespread); ?Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Singapore; Sumatra (Mt. Kerinci); Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah, Sarawak); Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Lombok, Bali, Flores, Timor); Moluccas (Seram); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch. (Admiralty Isl.); Australia (NE-Queensland); Vanuatu; Fiji (Viti Levu); [Western] Samoa; Guam
36 CHI 38 JAP NNS 40 BAN BHU IND SRL 41 AND CBD MYA THA VIE 42 BOR LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW SNG SUL SUM 43 BIS 50 AUS 60 FIJ SAM VAN 62 GUM
Remarks: see also C. latipinna which was frequently included here
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium molle f. keffordii F.M.Bailey; Queensland Agric. J. 20: 242 (1908)
= Aspidium subpubescens Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 149 (1828)
= Aspidium truncatum var. keffordii (F.M.Bailey) F.M.Bailey; Compr. Cat. Queensland Pl.: 645 (1913)
= Christella sumatrana (Alderw.) Mitsuta; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 36(1-3): 75 (1985) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Cyclosorus krameri Sarn.Singh & Panigrahi; Ferns Fern Allies Arunachal Pradesh 2: 687 (2005) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
= Cyclosorus parasiticus var. subpubescens (Blume) Tardieu & C.Chr.; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 7: 78 (1938)
= Cyclosorus subpubescens (Blume) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 211 (1938)
= Cyclosorus sumatranus (Alderw.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 249 (1941)
= Dryopteris acuminata Rosenst.; Meded. Rijks-Herb. no. 31: 7 (1917) (non Watts (1916), nec Thelypteris acuminata (Panz.) C. V. Morton)
= Dryopteris pseudoamboinensis Rosenst.; Meded. Rijks-Herb. no. 31: 7 (1917) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Dryopteris subpubescens (Blume) C.Chr.; Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 1: 390 (1929)
= Dryopteris subpubescens var. major C.Chr.; Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 4: 390 (1929)
= Dryopteris sumatrana Alderw.; Malayan Ferns 227 (1908)
= Nephrodium extensum var. minus Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India t. 201 (1866)
= Nephrodium molle var. amboinense Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India 278 (1883) (p. p.)
= Nephrodium molle var. majus Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India Suppl. 76 (1892)
= Thelypteris blumei Panigrahi; Phytologia 30: 409 (1975) (nom. nov. for Dryopteris acuminata Rosenst.
= Thelypteris krameri (Sarn.Singh & Panigrahi) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 32 (2018)
= Thelypteris pseudoamboinensis (Rosenst.) Panigrahi; Phytologia 30: 410, pl. 111 (1975) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
= Thelypteris subpubescens (Blume) K.Iwats.; Mem. Coll. Sci. Univ. Kyoto, Ser. B, Biol. 31: 173 (1965)
= Thelypteris sumatrana (Alderw.) Tagawa & K.Iwats.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 22: 101 (1967) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)
species :
Christella thailandica (S.Linds.) comb.ined.
Distribution: SW-Thailand (Kaeng Krachan NP)
41 THA
Remarks: placement tentative, not mentioned in Fawcett & Smith 2021
Conservation Status: DD in Thailand
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus thailandicus S.Linds.; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 36: 47 (2008)
= Thelypteris thailandica (S.Linds.) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 39 (2018)
species :
Christella timorensis Holttum; Kew Bull. 31: 316 (1976)
Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isl. (Timor)
42 LSI
Conservation Status: Only known from type
Synonyms: hidden
= Thelypteris timorensis (Holttum) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 39 (2018)
species :
Christella wulingshanensis (C.M Zhang) A.R.Sm. & S.E.Fawc.; Sida, Bot. Misc. 59: 35 (2021)
Distribution: China (Chongqing, Guangxi, W-Hunan, S-Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus wulingshanensis C.M.Zhang; Keys Vasc. Pl. Wuling Mts. 567 (1995)
= Cyclosorus leipoensis Ching & H.S.Kung; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 346 (1999)
= Thelypteris wulingshanensis (C.M.Zhang) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 40 (2018)
species :
Christella ×altissima Holttum; J. S. African Bot. 40: 141 (1974)
Distribution: +South Africa (+KwaZulu-Natal: Durban bay)
27 SAF
Remarks: type is a sterile hybrid, possibly involving C. dentata
Conservation Status: IUCN Ex, only collected in the late 19th century
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus ×altissimus (Holttum) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 44 (2013)
= Thelypteris ×altissima (Holttum) Vorster; Bothalia 12(2): 260 (1977)
species :
Christella ×caii (Ching ex K.H.Shing) comb.ined.
Distribution: China (SE-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: ?Christella arida x hokouensis
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus ×caii Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 346 (1999), pro spec.
= Thelypteris caii (Ching) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 28 (2018), pro hybr.
species :
Christella ×contracta (Ching ex K.H.Shing) comb.ined.
Distribution: China (Jiangxi, Zhejiang)
36 CHI
Remarks: ?Christella acuminata x parasitica. Status very doubtful
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus parvilobus Ching & K.H.Shing ex K.H.Shing; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 338 (1999)
= Cyclosorus ×zhangii K.H.Shing; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 340 (1999), pro hybr.
= Thelypteris contracta (Ching) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 28 (2018)
= Cyclosorus ×contractus Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 333 (1999), pro hybr.
= Thelypteris parviloba (Ching & K.H.Shing ex K.H.Shing) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 35 (2018)
= Thelypteris zhangii (K.H.Shing) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 40 (2018)
species :
Christella ×dentarida (Fraser-Jenk.) R.Kr.Singh & V.K.Rawat; J. Biodivers. Conservation 8(4): 27 (2024)
Distribution: Nepal; India (West Bengal)
40 IND NEP
Remarks: Christella arida x dentata
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus ×dentaridus (Fraser-Jenk.) Mazumdar; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(6): 398 (2013)
= Thelypteris ×dentarida Fraser-Jenk.; Taxon. Revis. Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes 189 (2008)
species :
Christella ×elata (Ching ex K.H.Shing) comb.ined.
Distribution: China (W-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: ?Christella dentata x subelata. Known only from a single almost unidentifiable specimen fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus ×elatus Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 342 (1999), pro spec.
= Thelypteris muminmammae Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 34 (2018), nom. nov.
species :
Christella ×fraser-jenkinsii Ranil; Phytotaxa 511(2): 185 (2021)
Distribution: Sri Lanka
40 SRL
Remarks: Christella meeboldii x C. parasitica
species :
Christella ×gorkhalensis (Fraser-Jenk.) R.Kr.Singh & V.K.Rawat; J. Biodivers. Conservation 8(4): 28 (2024)
Distribution: Nepal
40 NEP
Remarks: Christella arida x clarkei
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus ×gorkhalensis (Fraser-Jenk.) Mazumdar; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(6): 398 (2013)
= Thelypteris ×gorkhalensis Fraser-Jenk.; Taxon. Revis. Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes 187 (2008)
species :
Christella ×hirtipes (K.H.Shing & C.F.Zhang) comb.ined.
Distribution: China (S-Zhejiang)
36 CHI
Remarks: ?Christella acuminata x fukienensis. Status very uncertain, known from a single unidentifiable specimen fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus ×hirtipes K.H.Shing & C.F.Zhang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 345 (1999), pro spec.
= Thelypteris hirtipes (K.H.Shing & C.F.Zhang) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 31 (2018)
species :
Christella ×incesta (W.H.Wagner) Nakaike & Kawab.; J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Inst. Chiba 3(2): 145 (1995)
Distribution: Taiwan; Sri Lanka; Hawaii (Kauai, Oahu, Maui)
38 TAI 40 SRL 63 HAW
Remarks: Christella dentata x parasitica
Synonyms: hidden
= Christella ×intermedia (W.C.Shieh & J.L.Tsai) D.D.Palmer; Amer. Fern J. 92(2): 99 (2002)
= Christella ×intermedius (W.C.Shieh & J.L.Tsai) Y.H.Chang; Taiwania 64(4): 380 (2019), isonym
= Cyclosorus ×incestus (W.H.Wagner) Nakaike & Kawab.; J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Inst. Chiba 3(2): 145 (1995)
= Cyclosorus ×intermedius W.C.Shieh & J.L.Tsai; J. Sci. Engin. (Natl. Chung-Hsing Univ.) 24: 8 (1987), non (Ching ex Y. X. Lin) Mazumdar & R. Mukhop. 2013
= Thelypteris smeagol Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 38 (2018), nom. nov. superfl. for Cyclosorus xintermedius W. C. Shieh & J. L. Tsai
= Thelypteris ×incesta W.H.Wagner; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 79 (1993)
= Thelypteris ×paradentata Fraser-Jenk.; New Species Syndr. Indian Pteridol. 262 (1997), nom. nov. for Cyclosorus xintermedius W. C. Shieh & J. L. Tsai
species :
Christella ×inexspectata (Fraser-Jenk.) R.Kr.Singh & V.K.Rawat; J. Biodivers. Conservation 8(4): 28 (2024)
Distribution: India (West Bengal)
40 IND
Remarks: Christella dentata x evoluta
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus ×inexspectatus (Fraser-Jenk.) Mazumdar; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(6): 399 (2013)
= Thelypteris ×inexspectata Fraser-Jenk.; Taxon. Revis. Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes 190 (2008)
species :
Christella ×jaculodentata (Fraser-Jenk.) R.Kr.Singh & V.K.Rawat; J. Biodivers. Conservation 8(4): 28 (2024)
Distribution: Nepal
40 NEP
Remarks: Christella dentata x jaculosa
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus ×jaculodentatus (Fraser-Jenk.) Mazumdar; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(6): 399 (2013)
= Thelypteris ×jaculodentata Fraser-Jenk.; Taxon. Revis. Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes 189 (2008)
species :
Christella ×jerdonii (Ching) Holttum; Companion Ferns Brit. India [Nayar & Kaur] 206 (1974)
Distribution: India (West Bengal)
40 IND
Remarks: Pronephrium nudatum x T. procera. Belongs probably into Cyclosorus
Synonyms: hidden
= Thelypteris ×jerdonii (Ching) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 285 (1968)
= Cyclosorus ×jerdonii Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 228 (1938)
species :
Christella ×kumaunica Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 318 (1977)
Distribution: India (Arunachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand)
40 IND
Remarks: Christella arida x procera
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus ×kumaunicus (Holttum) Mazumdar; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(6): 399 (2013)
= Thelypteris ×kumaunica (Holttum) Fraser-Jenk.; New Species Syndr. Indian Pteridol. 263 (1997)
= Cyclosorus ×kumaunicus Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 318 (1977)
species :
Christella ×linii (Fraser-Jenk.) R.Kr.Singh & V.K.Rawat; J. Biodivers. Conservation 8(4): 28 (2024)
Distribution: Nepal
40 NEP
Remarks: Christella clarkei x dentata
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus ×linii (Fraser-Jenk.) Mazumdar; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(6): 399 (2013)
= Thelypteris ×linii Fraser-Jenk.; New Species Syndr. Indian Pteridol. 260 (1997)
species :
Christella ×longqishanensis (K.H.Shing) comb.ined.
Distribution: China (W-Fujian)
36 CHI
Remarks: ?Christella acuminata x dentata. Status very uncertain, from a single almost unidentifiable specimen
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus ×longqishanensis K.H.Shing; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 337 (1999), pro spec.
= Thelypteris longqishanensis (K.H.Shing) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 33 (2018)
species :
Christella ×nareshii (Fraser-Jenk.) R.Kr.Singh & V.K.Rawat; J. Biodivers. Conservation 8(4): 29 (2024)
Distribution: Nepal; Bhutan; India (Sikkim, West Bengal)
40 BHU IND NEP
Remarks: Christella dentata x procera
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus ×nareshii (Fraser-Jenk.) Mazumdar; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(6): 399 (2013)
= Thelypteris ×nareshii Fraser-Jenk.; New Species Syndr. Indian Pteridol. 322 (1997)
species :
Christella ×nepalensis (Fraser-Jenk.) R.Kr.Singh & V.K.Rawat; J. Biodivers. Conservation 8(4): 29 (2024)
Distribution: Nepal
40 NEP
Remarks: Christella dentata x Menisciopsis penangiana
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus ×nepalensis (Fraser-Jenk.) Mazumdar; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(6): 399 (2013)
= Thelypteris ×nepalensis Fraser-Jenk.; Taxon. Revis. Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes 188 (2008)
species :
Christella ×omeigensis (Ching) Holttum; Kew Bull. 31(2): 318 (1976)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: ?Christella arida x Menisiciopsis penangiana. Status very doubtful
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus ×omeigensis Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot., ser. 2, 1: 289 (1949), pro spec.
= Thelypteris omeigensis (Ching) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 298 (1968)
species :
Christella ×papilioides (Fraser-Jenk.) R.Kr.Singh & V.K.Rawat; J. Biodivers. Conservation 8(4): 29 (2024)
Distribution: Nepal
40 NEP
Remarks: Christella papilio x procera
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus ×papilioides (Fraser-Jenk.) Mazumdar; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(6): 399 (2013)
= Thelypteris ×papilioides Fraser-Jenk.; Taxon. Revis. Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes 191 (2008)
species :
Christella ×parahispidula (Fraser-Jenk.) Ranil; Phytotaxa 511(2): 185 (2021)
Distribution: Nepal; Sri Lanka
40 NEP SRL
Remarks: Christella hispidula x parasitica
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus ×parahispidulus (Fraser-Jenk.) Mazumdar; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(6): 399 (2013)
= Thelypteris ×parahispidula Fraser-Jenk.; New Species Syndr. Indian Pteridol. 262-263 (1997)
species :
Christella ×sinodentata (Ching & Z.Y.Liu) comb.ined.
Distribution: China (Chongqing, Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: ?C. dentata x shimensis. Status very doubtful
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus ×sinodentatus Ching & Z.Y.Liu; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 4(3): 13 (1984), pro spec.
= Cyclosorus macrophyllus Ching & Z.Y.Liu; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 4(3): 16 (1984)
= Thelypteris hemuli Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 31 (2018), nom. nov.
= Thelypteris sinodentata (Ching Z.Y.Liu) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 38 (2018)
species :
Christella ×wildemanii (Christ) comb.ined.
Distribution: Congo [Brazzaville]
23 CON
Remarks: Pneumatopteris afra x ?Christella
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus ×wildemanii (Christ) J.P.Roux; Strelitzia 23: 204 (2009)
= Cyclosorus ×wildemanii (Christ) Mazumdar; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(6): 399 (2013), isonym
= Dryopteris wildemanii Christ; Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot., sér. 5, 3: 35 (1909)
= Thelypteris ×wildemanii (Christ) Viane; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 118(1): 54 (1985)
species :
Christella ×yuanjiangensis (Ching ex K.H.Shing) comb.ined.
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan, Fujian, Guangxi); ?Taiwan
36 CHI
Remarks: Christella acuminata x procurrens; status very doubtful
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus ×yuanjiangensis Ching; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. [Fl. China Ed. Committee] 4(1): 335 (1999)
= Cyclosorus ×insularis Ching; nom. nud.
= Thelypteris yuanjiangensis (Ching) Christenh.; Global Fl. 1(4): 40 (2018)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 24.11 (November 5th, 2024)

Covering 355,576 accepted species,
8,715 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,581 synonyms,
in total 1,412,785* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life