; Prodr. [O. P. Swartz] 3. 48 (1788); Fl. Ind. Occ. 1: 467. t. 10 (1797)
Distribution: tropics and subtropics, esp. tropical America and tropical Asia, 65 in China. The genus suffered from oversplitting and separation of too many segregate genera, which has been partially corrected, for example by Flora Mesoamericana. Also, in Malesia the taxonomy is still poorly understood.
= Afrardisia Mez; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.236, Heft 9 (Myrsin.): 183 (1902)
= Amatlania Lundell; Wrightia 7(2): 38 (1982)
= Anguillaria Gaertn.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 1: 372 (1788)
= Auriculardisia Lundell; Phytologia 49(4): 341 (1981)
= Barthesia Comm. ex A.DC.; Trans. Linn Soc. 17: 112 (1837)
= Bladhia Thunb.; Nov. Gen. 6 (1781), nomen prius
= Chontalesia Lundell; Wrightia 7(2): 41 (1982)
= Climacandra Miq.; Pl. Jungh. 199 (1851 publ. 1855)
= Collaea Bertero ex Colla; Herb. Pedem. 4: 95 (1835), sine descr.:
= Galiziola Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 167 (1838)
= Gentlea Lundell; Wrightia 3: 100 (1964)
= Graphardisia (Mez) Lundell; Phytologia 48(2): 139 (1981)
= Ibarraea Lundell; Phytologia 48(2): 137 (1981)
= Icacorea Aubl.; Pl. Gui. 2: Suppl. 1: t. 368 (1775)
= Katoutheka Adans.; Fam. 2: 159 (1763)
= Milnea Raf.; Sylva Tellur.: 167 (1838), nom. illeg.
= Niara Dennst.; Schlüssel Hortus Malab.: 31 (1818), nom. inval.
= Oerstedianthus Lundell; Phytologia 48(2): 141 (1981)
= Parardisia M.P.Nayar & G.S.Giri; Bull. Bot. Surv. India, 28(1-4): 247 (1986 publ. 1988)
= Pickeringia Nutt.; J. Acad. Philad. 7: 95 (1834)
= Pimelandra A.DC.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 16: 88 (1841)
= Purkinjia J.Presl; Symb. Bot. 2: 17. t. 64 (1833)
= Pyrgus Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 120 (1790)
= Stigmatococca Willd.; Schult. & Schult.f., Mant. 3: 3 (1827)
= Strangula Noronha; Verh. Batav. Gen. 5: ed. 1, Art. 4: 4 (1790)
= Synardisia (Mez) Lundell; Wrightia 3: 88 (1963)
= Tetrardisia Mez; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.236, Heft 9 (Myrsin.): 189 (1902)
= Valerioanthus Lundell; Wrightia 7(2): 50 (1982)
= Vedela Adans.; Fam. Pl. 2: 502 (1763)
= Xylothermia Greene; Pittonia 2: 188 (1891)
= Zunilia Lundell; Phytologia 49(4): 353 (1981)