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Ver. 24.11
November 5th, 2024

264.0000 Family Sapindaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 246 (1789), nom. cons.
157 genera, ca. 1900 spp. Systematics following Buerki et al. 2021
Species listed in database: 1951; hybrids: 16
= Aceraceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 250 (1789), nom. cons.
= Aesculaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot.: 891, 1093, 1126 (1835)
= Allophylaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 19 (1820)
= Dodonaeaceae Kunth ex Small; Fl. S. E. U. S.: 724, 737 (1903), nom. cons.
= Hippocastanaceae A.Rich.; Bot. Méd.: 680 (1823), nom. cons.
= Koelreuteriaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 227 (1858)
= Ornitrophaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 443 (1820)
= Paviaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat.: 100 (1834)
= Xanthocerataceae Buerki, Callm. & Lowry; Pl. Ecol. Evol. 143: 155 (2010), Family
264.2203 Genus Aesculus L.; Sp. Pl. 1: 344 (1753)
Distribution: E-Asia, North America, SE-Europe (1)
Species listed in database: 12; hybrids: 7
= Calothyrsus Spach; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. 2, 2: 62 (1834)
= Hippocastanum Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abridg. Ed. 4 (1754)
= Isypus Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 73 (1836)
= Macrothyrsus Spach; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. 2, 2: 61 (1834)
= Nebropsis Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 68 (1838)
= Ozotis Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 71 (1838)
= Pavia Boerh. ex Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. VI. (1752)
= Paviana Raf.; Fl. Ludov. 87 (1817)
species :
Aesculus assamica Griff.; Notul. 4: 540 (1854)
Distribution: China (W-Guangxi, S-Guizhou, Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Kachin, Mandalay, Shan); Thailand; Laos; N-Vietnam
36 CHI TIB 40 BAN BHU IND 41 LAO MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Aesculus chuniana Hu & W.P.Fang; Act. Sci. Nat. Univ. Szech. 1960(3): 101, t. 11 (1962), et J. Nat. Sci. Secondary Schools, Biol., Exper. Issue No. 3, 229 (1965)
= Aesculus khassyana C.R.Das & Majumdar; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 3: 95 (1962), nom. inval.
= Aesculus lantsangensis Hu & W.P.Fang; Act. Sci. Nat. Univ. Szech. 1960(3): 87, t. 3 (1962), et J. Nat. Sci. Secondary Schools, Biol., Exper. Issue No. 3, 220 (1965)
= Aesculus megaphylla Hu & W.P.Fang; Act. Sci. Nat. Univ. Szech. 1960(3): 104, t. 12 (1962), et J. Nat. Sci. Secondary Schools, Biol., Exper. Issue No. 3, 230 (1965)
= Aesculus polyneura Hu & W.P.Fang; Act. Sci. Nat. Univ. Szech. 1960(3): 89, t. 4 (1962), et J. Nat. Sci. Secondary Schools, Biol., Exper. Issue No. 3, 230 221
= Aesculus polyneura var. dongchuanensis X.W.Li & W.Y.Yin; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 10(91): 53-54, f. 1 (1990)
= Aesculus punduana Wall. ex Hiern; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 1: 675 (1875), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Aesculus rupicola Hu & W.P.Fang; Act. Sci. Nat. Univ. Szech. 1960(3): 91, t. 5 (1962), et J. Nat. Sci. Secondary Schools, Biol., Exper. Issue No. 3, 223 (1965)
= Aesculus tsiangii Hu & W.P.Fang; Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Szechuan. 3: 93 (1960 publ. 1962), nom. inval.
= Aesculus wangii Hu; Act. Sci. Nat. Univ. Szech. 1960(3): 99, t. 9, 10 (1962), et J. Nat. Sci. Secondary Schools, Biol., Exper. Issue No. 3, 227 (1965), nom. inval.
= Aesculus wangii var. rupicola (Hu & W.P.Fang) W.P.Fang; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 46: 284 (1981)
= Hippocastanum barbatum Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 70 (1838)
= Pavia khassyana Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt.: 97 (1845), nomen
= Pavia punduana Wall. ex Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calc. 97 (1845)
= Pawia punduana (Wall. ex Voigt) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 146 (1891)
species :
Aesculus californica (Spach) Nutt.; Torr. & A. Gray, Fl. N. Am. 1: 251 (1840)
Name: California buckeye
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Calothyrsus californica Spach; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. 2, 2: 62 (1834)
= Hippocastanum californicum (Spach) Greene; Man. Bot. San Franc. Bay 73 (1894)
= Pavia californica (Spach) Hartw.; J. Hort. Soc. 2: 123 (1847)
= Pawia californica (Spach) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 146 (1891)
species :
Aesculus chinensis Bunge; Mem. Sav. etr. Petersb. 2: 84 (1832)
Distribution: China (Hebei, N-Henan, S-Jiangsu, S-Shaanxi, S-Shanxi, N-Zhejiang)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Aesculus chekiangensis Hu & W.P.Fang; Act. Sci. Nat. Univ. Szech., 1960(3): 85 t. 2 (1962), et J. Nat. Sci. Secondary Schools, Biol., Exper. Issue No. 3, 218 (1965)
= Aesculus chinensis var. chekiangensis (Hu & W.P.Fang) W.P.Fang; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 46: 277 (1981)
= Pawia chinensis (Bunge) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 146 (1891)
variant :
var. wilsonii (Rehder) Turland & N.H.Xia; Novon 15: (2005)
Distribution: China (Chongqing, S-Gansu, N-Guangdong, Guizhou, SW-Henan, W-Hubei, Hunan, W-Jiangxi, S-Shaanxi, Sichuan, NE-Yunnan); Laos
36 CHI 41 LAO
Synonyms: hidden
= Aesculus wilsonii Rehder; Sargent, Pl. Wils. 1: 498 (1913)
species :
Aesculus flava Sol.; Hope, Cat. Arb. & Frut. Hort. Edinb. Cres., 3 (1778)
Name: Yellow buckeye (EN), Appalachen-Rosskastanie (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Croatia [I]; USA (Alabama, District of Columbia, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia)
11 ger 13 cro 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Aesculus flava Aiton; Hort. Kew. 1: 494 (1789), nom. illeg.
= Aesculus flava var. purpurascens A.Gray; Manual, ed. 2: 83 (1856)
= Aesculus hystrix Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 69 (1838)
= Aesculus lutea Castigl.; Viagg. Stati Uniti 2: 187 (1790)
= Aesculus lutea var. discolor Dippel; Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 103 (1892)
= Aesculus lutea Wangenh.; Schr. Berl. Ges. Naturf. Fr. 8: 133 (1788), t. 6
= Aesculus maxima D.Drake; Picture Cincinnati: 78 (1815 publ. 1816)
= Aesculus octandra f. vestita (Sarg.) Fernald; Rhodora 39: 318 (1937)
= Aesculus octandra f. virginica (Sarg.) Fernald; Rhodora 39: 318 (1937)
= Aesculus octandra Marshall; Arbust. 4 (1785)
= Aesculus octandra var. hybrida Sarg.; Silva 2: 60 (1891)
= Aesculus octandra var. purpurascens (A.Gray) C.K.Schneid.; Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 252 (1909)
= Aesculus octandra var. vestita Sarg.; J. Arnold Arbor. 5: 42 (1924)
= Aesculus octandra var. virginica Sarg.; J. Arnold Arbor. 2: 119 (1920)
= Aesculus pavia var. flava (Aiton) Jess.; 204 (1879)
= Nebropsis hystrix Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 69 (1838)
= Pavia bicolor Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 74 (1838)
= Pavia discolor Sweet; Hort. Brit. [Sweet] 69 (1826)
= Pavia flava (Sol.) Moench; Methodus (Moench) 66
= Pavia lutea (Wangenh.) Poir.; Encycl. [Lam. et al.] 5: 95 (1804)
= Pavia octandra (Marshall) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 568 (1891)
= Pavia reticulata Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 73 (1838)
= Paviana flava (Sol.) Raf.; Fl. Ludov. 87 (1817)
= Pawia octandra (Marshall) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 146 (1891)
= Pawia octandra var. flava (Sol.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 146 (1891)
= Pawia octandra var. hybrida (Sarg.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 146 (1891)
species :
Aesculus glabra Willd.; Enum. Pl. [Willdenow] 405 (1809)
Name: Ohio buckeye (EN)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Canada (Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
11 ger 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Aesculus echinata Muhl.; Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept.: 38 (1813)
= Aesculus glabra f. pallida (Willd.) Fernald; Rhodora 39: 318 (1937)
= Aesculus glabra f. pallida (Willd.) Schelle; Beissner et al., Handb. Laubholzben.: 322 (1903)
= Aesculus glabra var. leucodermis Sarg.; Trees & Shrubs [Sargent] 2: 262 (1913)
= Aesculus glabra var. micrantha Sarg.; Trees & Shrubs [Sargent] 2: 262 (1913)
= Aesculus glabra var. monticola Sarg.; J. Arnold Arbor. 5: 41 (1924)
= Aesculus glabra var. sargentii Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 7: 241 (1926)
= Aesculus muricata Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 68 (1838)
= Aesculus ochroleuca Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 68 (1838)
= Aesculus ohioensis F.Michx.; N. Amer. Sylv. 3: 22 (1819)
= Aesculus pallida Willd.; Enum. Pl. [Willd.] 1: 406 (1809)
= Aesculus rubella Wender.; Ind. Sem. Marb. (1853) 1. et 4
= Aesculus verrucosa Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 69 (1838)
= Aesculus watsoniana D.Dietr.; Syn. Plant. 2: 1225 (1840)
= Hippocastanum carneum (P.Watson) Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 70 (1838)
= Hippocastanum rubicundum Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 70 (1838)
= Isypus ochraceus Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 73 (1836)
= Nebropsis glabra (Willd.) Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 69 (1838)
= Nebropsis muricata Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 68 (1838)
= Nebropsis ochroleuca Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 68 (1838)
= Nebropsis pallida (Willd.) Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 69 (1838)
= Nebropsis verrucosa Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 69 (1838)
= Ozotis trifoliata Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 71 (1838)
= Pavia glabra (Willd.) Spach; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. 2, 2: 54 (1834)
= Pavia ohioensis F.Michx.; N. Amer. Sylv. 2: 101 (1818)
= Pavia pallida (Willd.) Spach; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. 2, 2: 54 (1834)
= Pavia watsoniana (D.Dietr.) Spach; Ann. Sci. Nat Ser. 2, 2: 53 (1834)
= Pawia glabra (Willd.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 146 (1891)
= Pawia pallida (Willd.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 146 (1891)
variant :
var. arguta (Buckley) B.L.Rob.; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1, pt. 1: 447 (1897)
Distribution: USA (Arkansas, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Texas)
74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Aesculus arguta Buckley; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 12: 443 (1860 publ. 1861)
= Aesculus buckleyi (Sarg.) Bush; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 24 (1930)
= Aesculus glabra subsp. arguta (Buckley) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 18 (1982)
= Aesculus glabra var. buckleyi Sarg.; Man. Trees 646 (1905)
= Hippocastanum glabrum var. buckleyi (Sarg.) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 5: 97 (1917)
= Pavia arguta Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 74 (1838)
= Pavia rubra var. arguta G.Don ex Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 1: 469 (1838)
species :
Aesculus hippocastanum L.; Sp. Pl. 344 (1753)
Name: Gewöhnliche Rosskastanie (DE), Horse Chestnut (EN)
Distribution: England [I]; Ireland [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Liechtenstein [I]; Austria [I]; Czech Republic [I]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; Spain [I]; France [I]; Monaco [c]; Channel Isl. [I]; San Marino [I]; Slovenia [I]; Croatia [I]; Bosnia & Hercegovina [I]; Montenegro; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; Greece (mountains of NW- and C-Greece); Belarus [I]; European Russia [I]; Kazakhstan [I]; Turkmenistan [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; Northern Caucasus [I]; Azerbaijan [I]; China [I]; New Zealand [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], New Brunswick [I], Ontario [I], Quebec [I]); USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Georgia [I], Iowa [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], North Carolina [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], Virginia [I], West Virginia [I])
10 grb ire 11 aut cze ger hun lie slo swi 12 cis fra mco spa 13 ALB bih BUL cro GRC KOS MNT NMA slv sma 14 blr rus 32 kaz tkm uzb 33 aze ncs 36 chi 51 nzl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 78 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Aesculus asplenifolia Loudon; Encycl. Trees Shrubs: 12 (1842)
= Aesculus castanea Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 197 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Aesculus hippocastanum f. albovariegatum (Weston) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 430 (1949)
= Aesculus hippocastanum f. baumannii C.K.Schneid.; Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 247 (1909)
= Aesculus hippocastanum f. beaumanii (C.K.Schneid.) Dole; Fl. Vermont 3: 185 (1937)
= Aesculus hippocastanum f. laciniata (Leroy ex Jacques) Schelle; Beissner et al., Handb. Laubholzben.: 321 (1903)
= Aesculus hippocastanum f. luteovariegatum (Weston) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 430 (1949)
= Aesculus hippocastanum f. memmingeri (K.Koch) Schelle; Beissner et al., Handb. Laubholzben.: 321 (1903)
= Aesculus hippocastanum f. pyramidalis (A.Henry) Simon-Louis ex C.K.Schneid.; Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 247 (1909)
= Aesculus hippocastanum f. umbraculifera (H.Jaeger) Schelle; Beissner et al., Handb. Laubholzben.: 321 (1903)
= Aesculus hippocastanum var. albovariegatum Weston; Bot. Univ. 1: 2 (1770)
= Aesculus hippocastanum var. argenteovariegata Loudon; Encycl. Trees Shrubs: 124 (1842)
= Aesculus hippocastanum var. aureovariegata Loudon; Encycl. Trees Shrubs: 124 (1842)
= Aesculus hippocastanum var. incisa Booth ex Loudon; Encycl. Trees Shrubs: 124 (1842)
= Aesculus hippocastanum var. laciniata Leroy ex Jacques; Hort. Universel 5: 288 (1844)
= Aesculus hippocastanum var. luteovariegatum Weston; Bot. Univ. 1: 2 (1770)
= Aesculus hippocastanum var. pyramidalis A.Henry; Elwes & Henry, Trees Great Britain 2: 212 (1907)
= Aesculus hippocastanum var. umbraculifera H.Jaeger; Jaeger & Beissner, Ziergehölze Gärt. Parkanl., ed. 2: 16 (1884)
= Aesculus hippocastanum var. variegata G.Sinclair; Miller´s Dict. Gard.: 85 (1834)
= Aesculus memmingeri K.Koch; Dendrol. 1: 506 (1869)
= Aesculus procera Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 280 (1796)
= Aesculus septenata Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. ii. 337 (1812)
= Hippocastanum aesculus Cav.; Descr. Pl.: 458 (1802)
= Hippocastanum vulgare Gaertn.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 135 (1790)
= Pawia hippocastanum (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 146 (1891)
species :
Aesculus indica (Colebr. ex Cambess.) Hook.; B. Mag. 85: t. 5117 (1859)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan); Pakistan (Baluchistan [I], Swat, Hazara, Dir, Chitral, Murree); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand); Myanmar; N-Thailand; Laos
34 AFG 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 LAO MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Aesculus indica var. concolor Browicz; Fl. Iranica 92: 2 (1972)
= Hippocastanum asiaticum J.St.-Hil.; Expos. Fam. Nat. 2: 16 (1805)
= Hippocastanum levigatum Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 70 (1838)
= Pavia indica Colebr.; (Numer. List [Wallich] 32, n. 1188 (1829), nomen) ex Cambess. in Jacquem., Voy. 4 (Bot.): 31, t. 35 (1835)
= Pavia indica Royle; Illustr. Bot. Himal. 135 (1835)
= Pavia indica Wall. ex Cambess.; Jacquem., Voy. Inde 4: 31 (1841)
= Pawia indica (Wall. ex Cambess.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 146 (1891)
species :
Aesculus parryi A.Gray; Proc. Am. Acad. 17: 200 (1881 publ. 1882)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Pawia parryi (A.Gray) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 146 (1891)
species :
Aesculus parviflora Walter; Fl. Carol. [Walter] 128. (1788)
Name: Bottlebrush buckeye (EN), Schwärmer-Rosskastanie (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; USA (Alabama, District of Columbia, Georgia, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, South Carolina)
11 ger 75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Aesculus alba (Poir.) Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 69 (1838)
= Aesculus macrostachya Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. (Hook.) 1: 220 (1803), nom. illeg.
= Aesculus macrostachys Pers.; Syn. 1: 403 (1805), nom. illeg.
= Aesculus odorata F.Dietr.; Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 1: 118 (1815)
= Aesculus parviflora f. serotina Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 9: 30 (1928)
= Macrothyrsus odorata Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 75 (1838)
= Nebropsis alba (Poir.) Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 69 (1838)
= Pavia alba Poir.; Encycl. [Lam. et al.] 5: 95 (1804)
= Pavia edulis Poit.; Duhamel, Traité Arbr. Fruit.: t. 88 (1823)
= Pavia macrostachya (Michx.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 598 (1824)
= Pavia macrostachys Loisel.; Herb. Gén. Amat. 3: t. 212 (1819)
= Pavia parviflora (Walter) Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 73 (1838)
= Pawia parviflora (Walter) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 146 (1891)
species :
Aesculus pavia L.; Sp. Pl. 344 (1753)
Name: Red buckeye (EN)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Slovakia [I]; Croatia [I]; Canada (Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia)
11 ger slo 13 cro 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Aesculus austrina Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, 359 (1901)
= Aesculus discolor Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. (Pursh) 1: 255 (1813)
= Aesculus discolor var. koehnei Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 3: 219 (1922)
= Aesculus discolor var. mollis (Raf.) Sarg.; Trees & Shrubs [Sargent] 2(4): 267 (1913)
= Aesculus humilis Lindl.; Bot. Reg. 12: t. 1018 (1826)
= Aesculus lyonii Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 1: 468 (1838)
= Aesculus octandra var. discolor (Pursh) Rehder; Bailey, Cycl. Amer. Hort. 1: 31 (1900)
= Aesculus pavia f. atrosanguinea (G.Kirchn.) Schelle; Beissner et al., Handb. Laubholzben.: 323 (1903)
= Aesculus pavia var. atrosanguinea G.Kirchn.; Petzold & Kirchner, Arbor. Muscav.: 169 (1864)
= Aesculus pavia var. discolor (Pursh) Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1: 252 (1838)
= Aesculus pavia var. humilis (Lindl.) Mouill.; Traité Arbr. Arbriss. 2: 709 (1894)
= Aesculus pavia var. hybrida Kuntze
= Aesculus pavia var. nana Dippel; Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 404 (1892)
= Aesculus pavia var. pendula (Loudon) Rehder; Bailey, Cycl. Amer. Hort. 1: 32 (1900)
= Aesculus pubescens Starcs; Koku Krumu Not.: 314 (1925)
= Aesculus rubescens Tausch; Flora 21: (1838) I. Beibl. 79
= Aesculus rubra Pers.; Syn. 1: 403 (1805)
= Aesculus splendens Sarg.; Trees & Shrubs [Sargent] 2: 269, pl. 200 (1913)
= Aesculus whitleyi (Loudon) K.Koch; Dendrologie 1: 511 (1869)
= Aesculus ×rubicunda var. whitleyi Loudon; Encycl. Trees Shrubs: 127 (1842)
= Macrothyrsus discolor (Pursh) Spach; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 2: 62 (1834)
= Pavia americana J.St.-Hil.; Expos. Fam. Nat. 2: 16 (1805)
= Pavia atropurpurea Spach; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. 2, 2: 58 (1834)
= Pavia coriacea Dippel; Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 403 (1892)
= Pavia fulva Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 74 (1838)
= Pavia glauca Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 71 (1838)
= Pavia humilis G.Don; Hort. Brit. [Loudon] 143 (1830)
= Pavia intermedia Spach; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. 2, 2: 60 (1834)
= Pavia lindleyana Spach; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. 2, 2: 59 (1834)
= Pavia livida Spach; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. 2, 2: 56 (1834)
= Pavia longiflora Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 72 (1838)
= Pavia lucida Spach; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. 2, 2: 60 (1834)
= Pavia macrocarpa W.H.Baxter; Loudon, Encycl. Pl., ed. 2: 1182 (1841)
= Pavia michauxii Spach; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. 2, 2: 61 (1834)
= Pavia mollis Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 71 (1838)
= Pavia nana W.H.Baxter; Suppl. Hort. Brit. [Loudon] 603, nomen (1850)
= Pavia octandra (Mill.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 146 (1891)
= Pavia pavia Huth; Helios 11: 135 (1893), nom. inval.
= Pavia pendula G.Nicholson; Hand-List Trees Shrubs 1[Polypet.]: 85 (1894), nom. inval.
= Pavia pubescens Dippel; Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 403 (1892)
= Pavia pumila G.Nicholson; Hand-List Trees Shrubs 1[Polypet.]: 85 (1894), nom. inval.
= Pavia punctata Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 72 (1838)
= Pavia rubra f. pendula Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 1: 470 (1838)
= Pavia rubra Moench; Methodus (Moench) 65 (1794)
= Pavia rubra var. humilis (G.Don) Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 1: 470 (1838)
= Pavia rubra var. sublaciniata S.Watson ex G.Don; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 1: 470 (1838)
= Pavia whitleyi K.Koch; Dendrologie 1: 511 (1869)
= Pavia willdenowiana Spach; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. 2, 2: 59 (1834)
= Paviana coccinea Raf.; Fl. Ludov. 87 (1817)
= Pawia octandria Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8. n. 1 (1768)
= Pawia rubra (Pers.) E.H.L.Krause; Sturm, Deutschl. Fl. Abbild., ed. 2, 7: 74 (1902)
variant :
var. flavescens (Sarg.) Correll; Wrightia 3: 132 (1965)
Distribution: USA (Texas)
77 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Aesculus pavia f. flavescens (Sarg.) Geerinck; Taxonomania 6: 5 (2002)
= Aesculus discolor var. flavescens Sarg.; Trees & Shrubs 2: 267 (1913)
species :
Aesculus sylvatica W.Bartram; Travels Carolina 476 (1791)
Name: Painted buckeye
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Aesculus georgiana Sarg.; Trees & Shrubs 2: 259 (1913)
= Aesculus georgiana var. lanceolata Sarg.; J. Arnold Arbor. 2: 120 (1920)
= Aesculus georgiana var. pubescens Sarg.; Trees & Shrubs 2: 259 (1913)
= Aesculus microcarpa Ashe; J. Washington Acad. Sci. 3: 424 (1913)
= Aesculus ×neglecta var. georgiana (Sarg.) Sarg.; J. Arnold Arbor. 5: 45 (1924)
= Aesculus ×neglecta var. lanceolata (Sarg.) Sarg.; J. Arnold Arbor. 5: 46 (1924)
= Aesculus ×neglecta var. pubescens (Sarg.) Sarg.; J. Arnold Arbor. 5: 45 (1924)
= Aesculus ×neglecta var. tomentosa Sarg.; J. Arnold Arbor. 5: 45 (1924)
species :
Aesculus turbinata Blume; Rumphia 3: 195 (1847)
Distribution: China [I]; South Korea [I]; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)
36 chi 38 JAP kor
Synonyms: hidden
= Aesculus dissimilis Blume; Rumphia 3: 195 (1849)
= Aesculus japonica C.K.Schneid.; Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 246 (1909)
= Aesculus turbinata f. pubescens (Rehder) Ohwi ex Yas.Endo; Fl. Japan 2c: 76 (1999)
= Aesculus turbinata var. pubescens Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 3-4: 219 (1922)
= Pawia dissimilis (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 146 (1891)
= Pawia turbinata (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 146 (1891)
species :
Aesculus ×bushii C.K.Schneid.; Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. [C. K. Schneid.] 2: 251 (1909)
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Texas)
74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Remarks: Aesculus glabra x pavia
Synonyms: hidden
= Aesculus ×mississippiensis Sarg.; J. Arnold Arbor. 2: 121 (1920), hybr.
species :
Aesculus ×carnea Hayne; Guimpel, Otto & Hayne, Abbild. Fremd. Holzart. 25 (1825)
Name: Red horse-chestnut (EN), Rote Rosskastanie (DE)
Distribution: Europe [I]; Germany [I]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; USA (Kentucky)
11 ger hun slo 78 USA
Remarks: Aesculus hippocastanum x Aesculus pavia L.
Synonyms: hidden
= Aesculus hippocastanum var. carnea (Hayne) Jess.; 204 (1879)
= Aesculus rubicunda Lodd.; Bot. Cab, t. 1242
= Aesculus spectabilis Dippel; Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 398 (1892)
= Pawia rubicunda (Lodd. ex Dippel) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 146 (1891)
species :
Aesculus ×hybrida DC.; Hort. Monsp. 75 (1813)
Distribution: USA (Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia)
75 USA 78 USA
Remarks: A. flava x A. pavia
Synonyms: hidden
= Aesculus ×rubicunda var. versicolor (Spach) Carrière; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 46: 307 (1874)
= Aesculus ×versicolor (Spach) Wender.; Index Seminum (MB, Marburgensis) 1853: 4 (1853)
= Pavia ×hybrida (DC.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 598 (1824)
= Pavia ×versicolor Spach; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 2: 57 (1834)
species :
Aesculus ×marylandica Booth ex Dippel; Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 403 (1892)
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, Ohio, Tennessee)
74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Remarks: Aesculus glabra x flava
species :
Aesculus ×mutabilis (Spach) Scheele; Beissner et al., Handb. Laubholzben.: 323 (1903)
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee)
78 USA
Remarks: Aesculus pavia x sylvatica
Synonyms: hidden
= Aesculus ×harbisonii Sarg.; Trees & Shrubs 2: 259 (1913), hybr.
= Aesculus ×mutabilis var. harbisonii (Sarg.) Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 7: 241 (1926)
= Aesculus ×mutabilis var. induta Sarg.; J. Arnold Arbor. 5: 48 (1924)
= Aesculus ×mutabilis var. penduliflora Sarg.; J. Arnold Arbor. 5: 48 (1924)
= Pavia ×mutabilis Spach; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 2: 57 (1834)
species :
Aesculus ×neglecta Lindl.; Bot. Reg. 12: t. 1009 (1826)
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia)
78 USA
Remarks: Aesculus flava x sylvatica
Synonyms: hidden
= Aesculus ×glaucescens Sarg.; Trees & Shrubs 2: 257 (1913)
= Aesculus ×neglecta f. erythroclados (H.L.Späth) Geerinck; Taxonomania 6: 5 (2002)
= Aesculus ×neglecta var. erythroclados H.L.Späth
= Nebropsis ×neglecta (Lindl.) Raf.; Alsogr. Amer. 70 (1838)
= Pavia ×neglecta (Lindl.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 653 (1831)
species :
Aesculus ×woerlitzensis Koehne; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 396 (1912)
Distribution: USA (Delaware, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee)
78 USA
Remarks: Aesculus flava x (pavia x sylvatica)
Synonyms: hidden
= Aesculus ×du-pontii Sarg.; J. Arnold Arbor. 5: 46 (1924)
= Aesculus ×du-pontii var. hessei Sarg.; J. Arnold Arbor. 5: 47 (1924)
= Aesculus ×woerlitzensis var. ellwangeri Rehder; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 22: 258 (1913 publ. 1914)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 24.11 (November 5th, 2024)

Covering 355,576 accepted species,
8,715 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,581 synonyms,
in total 1,412,785* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life